Astrocytes

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  Subject Areas on Research

  • 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced astrogliosis does not require activation of ornithine decarboxylase. 
  • A comparison of neuroinflammation to implanted microelectrodes in rat and mouse models. 
  • A deficit in astroglial organization causes the impaired reactive sprouting in human apolipoprotein E4 targeted replacement mice. 
  • A genetically tractable model of human glioma formation. 
  • A peptide c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor blocks mechanical allodynia after spinal nerve ligation: respective roles of JNK activation in primary sensory neurons and spinal astrocytes for neuropathic pain development and maintenance. 
  • A potential role for interferon-alpha in the pathogenesis of HIV-associated dementia. 
  • A vasoactive peptide, endothelin-3, is produced by and specifically binds to primary astrocytes. 
  • Adaptive Activation of a Stress Response Pathway Improves Learning and Memory Through Gs and β-Arrestin-1-Regulated Lactate Metabolism. 
  • An avian model for the reversal of neurobehavioral teratogenicity with neural stem cells. 
  • Aquaporin-4-dependent glymphatic solute transport in the rodent brain. 
  • Association between cell-mediated demyelination and astrocyte stimulation. 
  • Astrocyte apoptosis induced by HIV-1 transactivation of the c-kit protooncogene. 
  • Astrocyte cytolysis by MHC class II-specific mouse T cell clones. 
  • Astrocyte glutamate transporters regulate metabotropic glutamate receptor-mediated excitation of hippocampal interneurons. 
  • Astrocytes "Chordinate" Synapse Maturation and Plasticity. 
  • Astrocytes Assemble Thalamocortical Synapses by Bridging NRX1α and NL1 via Hevin. 
  • Astrocytes Control Synapse Formation, Function, and Elimination. 
  • Astrocytes follow ganglion cell axons to establish an angiogenic template during retinal development. 
  • Astrocytes in chronic pain and itch. 
  • Astrocytes refine cortical connectivity at dendritic spines. 
  • Astrocytes: Orchestrating synaptic plasticity? 
  • Astrocytic CX43 hemichannels and gap junctions play a crucial role in development of chronic neuropathic pain following spinal cord injury. 
  • Astrocytic activation as evidence for brain damage. 
  • Astrocytic neuroligins control astrocyte morphogenesis and synaptogenesis. 
  • Astroglial acid-base dynamics in hyperglycemic and normoglycemic global ischemia. 
  • Atypical retinal astrocytic hamartoma diagnosed by fine-needle biopsy. 
  • Bioimpedance modeling to monitor astrocytic response to chronically implanted electrodes. 
  • Blocking the interaction between apolipoprotein E and Aβ reduces intraneuronal accumulation of Aβ and inhibits synaptic degeneration. 
  • CXCL13 drives spinal astrocyte activation and neuropathic pain via CXCR5. 
  • Cell Biology of Astrocyte-Synapse Interactions. 
  • Cell-Type-Specific Interleukin 1 Receptor 1 Signaling in the Brain Regulates Distinct Neuroimmune Activities. 
  • Cellular niches for endogenous neural stem cells in the adult brain. 
  • Characterization and immunotherapeutic potential of gammadelta T-cells in patients with glioblastoma. 
  • Characterization of NF-kB-mediated inhibition of catechol-O-methyltransferase. 
  • Characterization of interleukin-1 production by microglia in culture. 
  • Chemico-genetic discovery of astrocytic control of inhibition in vivo. 
  • Chemokine CXCL1 enhances inflammatory pain and increases NMDA receptor activity and COX-2 expression in spinal cord neurons via activation of CXCR2. 
  • Chemokine contribution to neuropathic pain: respective induction of CXCL1 and CXCR2 in spinal cord astrocytes and neurons. 
  • Cis-acting human ApoE tissue expression element is associated with human pattern of intraneuronal ApoE in transgenic mice. 
  • Clinicopathologic correlation of surgically removed macular hole opercula. 
  • Clinicopathologic correlations in the oligodendroglioma. 
  • Comparison of the potency of competitive NMDA antagonists against the neurotoxicity of glutamate and NMDA. 
  • Complement activation contributes to perioperative neurocognitive disorders in mice. 
  • Connexin-43 induces chemokine release from spinal cord astrocytes to maintain late-phase neuropathic pain in mice. 
  • Control of excitatory CNS synaptogenesis by astrocyte-secreted proteins Hevin and SPARC. 
  • Control protocol for robust in vitro glial scar formation around microwires: essential roles of bFGF and serum in gliosis. 
  • Cranial irradiation leads to acute and persistent neuroinflammation with delayed increases in T-cell infiltration and CD11c expression in C57BL/6 mouse brain. 
  • Creatine kinase brain isoenzyme: relationship of cerebrospinal fluid concentration to the neurologic condition of newborns and cellular localization in the human brain. 
  • Cytoskeletal actin gates a Cl- channel in neocortical astrocytes. 
  • Decreased IGF-I gene expression during the apoptosis of Purkinje cells in pcd mice. 
  • Dexamethasone-coated neural probes elicit attenuated inflammatory response and neuronal loss compared to uncoated neural probes. 
  • Differential expression of thyroid hormone receptor isoforms in neurons and astroglial cells. 
  • Differential response of ventral midbrain and striatal progenitor cells to lesions of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic projection. 
  • Disruption of dystroglycan-laminin interactions modulates water uptake by astrocytes. 
  • ERK is sequentially activated in neurons, microglia, and astrocytes by spinal nerve ligation and contributes to mechanical allodynia in this neuropathic pain model. 
  • Editorial: Turning fluorescence into black and white. 
  • Effect of interleukin-1β on the expression of actin isoforms in cultured mouse astroglia. 
  • Effective treatment of models of multiple sclerosis by matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors. 
  • Engineering Controlled Peritumoral Inflammation to Constrain Brain Tumor Growth. 
  • Enhanced production of superoxide anion by microglia from trisomy 16 mice. 
  • Estrogen mediates neuroprotection and anti-inflammatory effects during EAE through ERα signaling on astrocytes but not through ERβ signaling on astrocytes or neurons. 
  • Evans blue nanocarriers visually demarcate margins of invasive gliomas. 
  • Expression of a variant form of the glutamate transporter GLT1 in neuronal cultures and in neurons and astrocytes in the rat brain. 
  • Extensive uptake of α-synuclein oligomers in astrocytes results in sustained intracellular deposits and mitochondrial damage. 
  • Fleeting activation of ionotropic glutamate receptors sensitizes cortical neurons to complement attack. 
  • Fluctuating vs. continuous exposure to H₂O₂: the effects on mitochondrial membrane potential, intracellular calcium, and NF-κB in astroglia. 
  • Gamma interferon-induced inhibition of Toxoplasma gondii in astrocytes is mediated by IGTP. 
  • Gamma-aminobutyric acid inhibits synergistic interleukin-6 release but not transcriptional activation in astrocytoma cells. 
  • Genetic analysis of intracranial tumors in a murine model of glioma demonstrate a shift in gene expression in response to host immunity. 
  • GluR3 autoantibodies destroy neural cells in a complement-dependent manner modulated by complement regulatory proteins. 
  • Human neural stem cell transplants improve motor function in a rat model of Huntington's disease. 
  • Hyperammonemia in the ICU. 
  • Hyperhomocysteinemia causes ER stress and impaired autophagy that is reversed by Vitamin B supplementation. 
  • Hypothalamic astrocytes respond to transforming growth factor-alpha with the secretion of neuroactive substances that stimulate the release of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone. 
  • Identification of viral infection by confocal microscopy. 
  • Immunohistochemistry of the glial fibrillary acidic protein: basic and applied considerations. 
  • In situ gelling hydrogels for conformal repair of spinal cord defects, and local delivery of BDNF after spinal cord injury. 
  • In vitro neurogenesis by neuronal precursor cells derived from the adult songbird brain. 
  • In vitro sensitivity testing of minimally passaged and uncultured gliomas with TRAIL and/or chemotherapy drugs. 
  • Increased brain-type creatine phosphokinase in marathon runners. 
  • Increased expression of p130 in Alzheimer disease. 
  • Indiplon is a high-affinity positive allosteric modulator with selectivity for alpha1 subunit-containing GABAA receptors. 
  • Induction of the protective antioxidant response element pathway by 6-hydroxydopamine in vivo and in vitro. 
  • Induction of tissue-type plasminogen activator and 72-kDa type-IV collagenase by ionizing radiation in rat astrocytes. 
  • Inhibition of calcium/calmodulin kinase II alpha subunit expression results in epileptiform activity in cultured hippocampal neurons. 
  • Injection of Hydrogel Biomaterial Scaffolds to The Brain After Stroke. 
  • Injuring neurons induces neuronal differentiation in a population of hippocampal precursor cells in culture. 
  • Insulin-like growth factor-1 is a radial cell-associated neurotrophin that promotes neuronal recruitment from the adult songbird edpendyma/subependyma. 
  • Interaction between TRPV1-expressing neurons in the hypothalamus. 
  • Interaction of NG2(+) glial progenitors and microglia/macrophages from the injured spinal cord. 
  • Interferon-gamma and tumour necrosis factor induce expression of major histocompatibility complex antigen on rat retinal astrocytes. 
  • Ion regulation in the brain: implications for pathophysiology. 
  • JAK-STAT3 pathway regulates spinal astrocyte proliferation and neuropathic pain maintenance in rats. 
  • JNK-induced MCP-1 production in spinal cord astrocytes contributes to central sensitization and neuropathic pain. 
  • Ketamine and ketamine metabolites as novel estrogen receptor ligands: Induction of cytochrome P450 and AMPA glutamate receptor gene expression. 
  • Large-scale death of retinal astrocytes during normal development is non-apoptotic and implemented by microglia. 
  • Light touch induces ERK activation in superficial dorsal horn neurons after inflammation: involvement of spinal astrocytes and JNK signaling in touch-evoked central sensitization and mechanical allodynia. 
  • Local gene regulation in radial glia: Lessons from across the nervous system. 
  • Localization of brain-derived neurotrophic factor to distinct terminals of mossy fiber axons implies regulation of both excitation and feedforward inhibition of CA3 pyramidal cells. 
  • Met and hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor expression in human gliomas. 
  • Microtubule-associated protein 1B (MAP1B) is present in glial cells phosphorylated different than in neurones. 
  • Modulation of Synaptic Plasticity by Glutamatergic Gliotransmission: A Modeling Study. 
  • Molecular mechanisms of astrocyte-induced synaptogenesis. 
  • Molecular signaling mechanisms underlying epileptogenesis. 
  • Monoclonal antibodies reactive with epitopes restricted to glial fibrillary acidic proteins of several species. 
  • Multifaceted Changes in Synaptic Composition and Astrocytic Involvement in a Mouse Model of Fragile X Syndrome. 
  • NMDA and glutamate evoke excitotoxicity at distinct cellular locations in rat cortical neurons in vitro. 
  • Nano-C60 cytotoxicity is due to lipid peroxidation. 
  • Ncm-D-aspartate: a novel caged D-aspartate suitable for activation of glutamate transporters and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors in brain tissue. 
  • Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease. 
  • Neuronal-astrocyte metabolic interactions: understanding the transition into abnormal astrocytoma metabolism. 
  • Neuropathic pain activates the endogenous kappa opioid system in mouse spinal cord and induces opioid receptor tolerance. 
  • Neuroprotection mediated through estrogen receptor-alpha in astrocytes. 
  • Nitric oxide-mediated regulation of β-amyloid clearance via alterations of MMP-9/TIMP-1. 
  • Nrf2-mediated protection against 6-hydroxydopamine. 
  • Nuclear factor-kappa B regulates pain and COMT expression in a rodent model of inflammation. 
  • Optical coherence tomography of retinal astrocytic hamartoma in 15 cases. 
  • Peroxynitrite triggers a phenotypic transformation in spinal cord astrocytes that induces motor neuron apoptosis. 
  • Production and characterization of astrocyte-derived human apolipoprotein E isoforms from immortalized astrocytes and their interactions with amyloid-beta. 
  • Profiling MicroRNAs with Associated Spatial Dynamics in Acute Tissue Slices. 
  • Prolonged neuroinflammation after lipopolysaccharide exposure in aged rats. 
  • Protease production by cultured microglia: substrate gel analysis and immobilized matrix degradation. 
  • Protease-degradable PEG-maleimide coating with on-demand release of IL-1Ra to improve tissue response to neural electrodes. 
  • Protection from mitochondrial complex II inhibition in vitro and in vivo by Nrf2-mediated transcription. 
  • Protective astrogenesis from the SVZ niche after injury is controlled by Notch modulator Thbs4. 
  • Protective role of fructose in the metabolism of astroglial C6 cells exposed to hydrogen peroxide. 
  • Purification and characterization of astrocyte-secreted apolipoprotein E and J-containing lipoproteins from wild-type and human apoE transgenic mice. 
  • Purification of hexabrachion (tenascin) from cell culture conditioned medium, and separation from a cell adhesion factor. 
  • Quiescent and cycling cell compartments in the senescent and Alzheimer-diseased human brain. 
  • Rapid Reprogramming of Primary Human Astrocytes into Potent Tumor-Initiating Cells with Defined Genetic Factors. 
  • Reactive astrocytes express the embryonic intermediate neurofilament nestin. 
  • Redox-Active Mn Porphyrin-based Potent SOD Mimic, MnTnBuOE-2-PyP(5+), Enhances Carbenoxolone-Mediated TRAIL-Induced Apoptosis in Glioblastoma Multiforme. 
  • Reducing cerebral microvascular amyloid-beta protein deposition diminishes regional neuroinflammation in vasculotropic mutant amyloid precursor protein transgenic mice. 
  • Region-Specific Differences in Morphometric Features and Synaptic Colocalization of Astrocytes During Development. 
  • Selective autoregulation of endothelins in primary astrocyte cultures: endothelin receptor-mediated potentiation of endothelin-1 secretion. 
  • Selective neocortical and thalamic cell death in the gerbil after transient ischemia. 
  • Sex-Dependent Glial Signaling in Pathological Pain: Distinct Roles of Spinal Microglia and Astrocytes. 
  • Single-cell redox imaging demonstrates a distinctive response of dopaminergic neurons to oxidative insults. 
  • Site-specific phosphorylation and caspase cleavage of GFAP are new markers of Alexander disease severity. 
  • Small molecule dual-inhibitors of TRPV4 and TRPA1 for attenuation of inflammation and pain. 
  • Soluble factor effects on glial cell reactivity at the surface of gel-coated microwires. 
  • Spinal injection of TNF-α-activated astrocytes produces persistent pain symptom mechanical allodynia by releasing monocyte chemoattractant protein-1. 
  • Structural analysis of a human glial variant laminin. 
  • Synthesis and characterization of 4-methoxy-7-nitroindolinyl-D-aspartate, a caged compound for selective activation of glutamate transporters and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors in brain tissue. 
  • TNFa/TNFR2 signaling is required for glial ensheathment at the dorsal root entry zone. 
  • TRAF6 upregulation in spinal astrocytes maintains neuropathic pain by integrating TNF-α and IL-1β signaling. 
  • TRPV4 channels stimulate Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release in astrocytic endfeet and amplify neurovascular coupling responses. 
  • Targeted downregulation of N-acetylgalactosamine 4-sulfate 6-O-sulfotransferase significantly mitigates chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan-mediated inhibition. 
  • Targeting astrocyte signaling for chronic pain. 
  • Temporal Profiling of Astrocyte Precursors Reveals Parallel Roles for Asef during Development and after Injury. 
  • The Nrf2-ARE pathway: an indicator and modulator of oxidative stress in neurodegeneration. 
  • The c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 (JNK1) in spinal astrocytes is required for the maintenance of bilateral mechanical allodynia under a persistent inflammatory pain condition. 
  • The glutamate transport inhibitor L-trans-pyrrolidine-2,4-dicarboxylate indirectly evokes NMDA receptor mediated neurotoxicity in rat cortical cultures. 
  • The histone lysine demethylase Kdm6b is required for activity-dependent preconditioning of hippocampal neuronal survival. 
  • The novel apolipoprotein E-based peptide COG1410 improves sensorimotor performance and reduces injury magnitude following cortical contusion injury. 
  • The relationship of expression of statin, the nuclear protein of nonproliferating cells, to the differentiation and cell cycle of astroglia in cultures and in situ. 
  • The upregulation of specific interleukin (IL) receptor antagonists and paradoxical enhancement of neuronal apoptosis due to electrode induced strain and brain micromotion. 
  • Three-dimensional culture conditions differentially affect astrocyte modulation of brain endothelial barrier function in response to transforming growth factor β1. 
  • Thrombospondin receptor α2δ-1 promotes synaptogenesis and spinogenesis via postsynaptic Rac1. 
  • Thrombospondins 1 and 2 are necessary for synaptic plasticity and functional recovery after stroke. 
  • Thrombospondins as key regulators of synaptogenesis in the central nervous system. 
  • Tissue plasminogen activator contributes to morphine tolerance and induces mechanical allodynia via astrocytic IL-1β and ERK signaling in the spinal cord of mice. 
  • Toll-like receptor 4 contributes to chronic itch, alloknesis, and spinal astrocyte activation in male mice. 
  • Transformation by the (R)-enantiomer of 2-hydroxyglutarate linked to EGLN activation. 
  • Transforming growth factor-beta-mediated p15(INK4B) induction and growth inhibition in astrocytes is SMAD3-dependent and a pathway prominently altered in human glioma cell lines. 
  • Tumor necrosis factor alpha and Fas receptor contribute to cognitive deficits independent of cell death after concussive traumatic brain injury in mice. 
  • Tumor resection cavity administered iodine-131-labeled antitenascin 81C6 radioimmunotherapy in patients with malignant glioma: neuropathology aspects. 
  • Uptake and internalization of exogenous apolipoprotein E3 by cultured human central nervous system neurons. 
  • Vascular amyloid alters astrocytic water and potassium channels in mouse models and humans with Alzheimer's disease. 
  • Whole-cell chloride currents in rat astrocytes accompany changes in cell morphology. 
  • miR-21 improves the neurological outcome after traumatic brain injury in rats. 
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  Keywords of People

  • Erickson, Harold Paul, James B. Duke Distinguished Professor of Cell Biology, Cell Biology
  • McLendon, Roger Edwin, Professor of Pathology, Pathology
  • Nackley, Andrea Gail, Associate Professor in Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Cancer Biology
  • Savage, Justin, Student, Neurobiology
  • Shinohara, Mari L., Associate Professor of Immunology, Immunology
  • Turner, Dennis Alan, Professor of Neurosurgery, Biomedical Engineering
  • Warner, David Samuel, Distinguished Distinguished Professor of Anesthesiology, in the School of Medicine, Neurobiology
  • Yan, Hai, Henry S. Friedman Distinguished Professor of Neuro-Oncology in the School of Medicine, Pathology