Calcium Channel Blockers

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  Subject Areas on Research

  • 1999 update: ACC/AHA Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction: Executive Summary and Recommendations: A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Committee on Management of Acute Myocardial Infarction). 
  • 2014 evidence-based guideline for the management of high blood pressure in adults: report from the panel members appointed to the Eighth Joint National Committee (JNC 8). 
  • 2018 ACC/AHA/HRS Guideline on the Evaluation and Management of Patients With Bradycardia and Cardiac Conduction Delay: Executive Summary: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines, and the Heart Rhythm Society. 
  • A mathematical model for analysis of pharmacologically induced changes in the kinetics of cardiac muscle. 
  • A meta-analysis of randomized trials of calcium antagonists to reduce restenosis after coronary angioplasty. 
  • Accelerated platelet inhibition by switching from atorvastatin to a non-CYP3A4-metabolized statin in patients with high platelet reactivity (ACCEL-STATIN) study. 
  • Action potential and QT prolongation not sufficient to cause Torsade de Pointes: role of action potential triangulation. 
  • Activation of NADPH oxidase 1 increases intracellular calcium and migration of smooth muscle cells. 
  • Activation of PKC isoform beta(I) at the blood-brain barrier rapidly decreases P-glycoprotein activity and enhances drug delivery to the brain. 
  • Acute post-injury blockade of α2δ-1 calcium channel subunits prevents pathological autonomic plasticity after spinal cord injury. 
  • Adverse effects of nifedipine therapy on hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy. 
  • Alternating hemiplegia of childhood. 
  • Amlodipine in chronic heart failure. 
  • Analysis of the risks associated with calcium channel blockade: implications for the obstetrician-gynecologist. 
  • Antianginal medications and long-term outcomes after elective catheterization in patients with coronary artery disease. 
  • Antihypertensive drug exposure in premature infants from 1997 to 2013. 
  • Aspartate release from rat hippocampal synaptosomes. 
  • Association Between Change in Central Nocturnal Blood Pressure and Urine Albumin-Creatinine Ratio by a Valsartan/Amlodipine Combination: A CPET Study. 
  • Basic concepts in cellular cardiac electrophysiology: Part II: Block of ion channels by antiarrhythmic drugs. 
  • Bepridil and cetiedil. Vasodilators which inhibit Ca2+-dependent calmodulin interactions with erythrocyte membranes. 
  • Bidirectional modulation of GABA-gated chloride channels by divalent cations: inhibition by Ca2+ and enhancement by Mg2+. 
  • CLINICAL PRACTICE. Chronic Stable Angina. 
  • Calcium antagonists and good results: association or causation? 
  • Calcium antagonists: new therapy for congestive heart failure? 
  • Calcium channel blockers and cancer. 
  • Calcium channel blockers and mortality in elderly patients with myocardial infarction. 
  • Calcium channels reconstituted from the skeletal muscle dihydropyridine receptor protein complex and its alpha 1 peptide subunit in lipid bilayers. 
  • Cardiovascular outcomes in the African American Study of Kidney Disease and Hypertension (AASK) Trial. 
  • Characteristics of treated hypertension in incident hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients. 
  • Cholecystokinin excites interneurons in rat basolateral amygdala. 
  • Cilostazol to overcome high on-treatment platelet reactivity in korean patients treated with clopidogrel and calcium-channel blocker. 
  • Circadian rhythm and sudden death in heart failure: results from Prospective Randomized Amlodipine Survival Trial. 
  • Clevidipine effectively and rapidly controls blood pressure preoperatively in cardiac surgery patients: the results of the randomized, placebo-controlled efficacy study of clevidipine assessing its preoperative antihypertensive effect in cardiac surgery-1. 
  • Clevidipine in adult cardiac surgical patients: a dose-finding study. 
  • Clevidipine in the treatment of perioperative hypertension: assessing safety events in the ECLIPSE trials. 
  • Clevidipine rapidly and safely reduces blood pressure in acute intracerebral hemorrhage: the ACCELERATE trial. 
  • Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Anal Fissures. 
  • Clinical features and contemporary management of patients with low and preserved ejection fraction heart failure: baseline characteristics of patients in the Candesartan in Heart failure-Assessment of Reduction in Mortality and morbidity (CHARM) programme. 
  • Clinically important drug-disease interactions and their prevalence in older adults. 
  • Combinations of beta-blockers and calcium channel blockers: a cause of malignant perioperative conduction disturbances? 
  • Comparative effectiveness of pharmacotherapies for prevention of atrial fibrillation following coronary artery bypass surgery. 
  • Comparison of intermittent versus continuous infusion antihypertensives in acute ischemic stroke. 
  • Congestive heart failure. 
  • Contrast nephrotoxicity. 
  • Delayed right heart failure following lung transplantation. 
  • Depolarization-stimulated cholecystokinin secretion is mediated by L-type calcium channels in STC-1 cells. 
  • Differences in the absorption, metabolism and biliary excretion of a diastereomeric pair of alphavbeta3-antagonists in rat: limited role of P-glycoprotein. 
  • Differential effect of HERG blocking agents on cardiac electrical alternans in the guinea pig. 
  • Diltiazem as an alternative to beta-blocker in coronary artery computed tomography angiography. 
  • Dissociation between vasospasm and functional improvement in a murine model of subarachnoid hemorrhage. 
  • Editorial comment. The value of intensive medical management of distal ureteral calculi in an effort to facilitate spontaneous stone passage. 
  • Effect of amlodipine on mode of death among patients with advanced heart failure in the PRAISE trial. Prospective Randomized Amlodipine Survival Evaluation. 
  • Effect of amlodipine on morbidity and mortality in severe chronic heart failure. Prospective Randomized Amlodipine Survival Evaluation Study Group. 
  • Effect of amlodipine on the survival of patients with severe chronic heart failure due to a nonischemic cardiomyopathy: results of the PRAISE-2 study (prospective randomized amlodipine survival evaluation 2). 
  • Effect of blood pressure lowering and antihypertensive drug class on progression of hypertensive kidney disease: results from the AASK trial. 
  • Effect of cocaine on intracellular calcium regulation in myometrium from pregnant women. 
  • Effect of isradipine on cardiopulmonary baroreflex function, regional blood flow, and vascular responsiveness in hypertensive patients. 
  • Effect of ramipril vs amlodipine on renal outcomes in hypertensive nephrosclerosis: a randomized controlled trial. 
  • Effects of calcium channel inhibitors on the hypothermic response to oxotremorine in normo and hypercholinergic rats. 
  • Effects of intracoronary diltiazem on certain hemostatic parameters during acute myocardial infarction in swine. 
  • Effects of nimodipine on the behavioral sequalae of experimental status epilepticus in prepubescent rats. 
  • Efficacy and Safety of Rivaroxaban Versus Warfarin in Patients Taking Nondihydropyridine Calcium Channel Blockers for Atrial Fibrillation (from the ROCKET AF Trial). 
  • Efficacy and safety of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (MC-1) in high-risk patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery: the MEND-CABG II randomized clinical trial. 
  • Electrical storm in patients with an implantable defibrillator: incidence, features, and preventive therapy: insights from a randomized trial. 
  • Electrophysiological correlates of secretion in normal human parathyroid cells. 
  • Endovascular management of cerebral vasospasm following aneurysm rupture: outcomes and predictors in 116 patients. 
  • Ethacizin blockade of calcium channels: a test of the guarded receptor hypothesis. 
  • Evolution of the clinical management of hypertension. Emerging role of "specific" vasodilators as initial therapy. 
  • Extracellular Ca2+ mobilization in potential-dependent contraction of trachealis of maturing swine. 
  • Good news for experimental concept but bad news for clinically effective therapy. 
  • Heart failure preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF): an integrated and strategic review. 
  • Heart Failure and Atrial Fibrillation, Like Fire and Fury. 
  • High-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of diltiazem and its metabolite in plasma. 
  • High-threshold Ca2+ currents in rat hippocampal interneurones and their selective inhibition by activation of GABA(B) receptors. 
  • Hospital use and costs among patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy in the first prospective randomized amlodipine survival evaluation study. 
  • Hyperhidrosis in social anxiety disorder. 
  • Hypertension Update: Hypertensive Emergency and Asymptomatic Severe Hypertension. 
  • Hypertension Update: Resistant Hypertension. 
  • Hypertension and diabetes and the Fosinopril versus Amlodipine Cardiovascular Events Trial (FACET). More ammunition against surrogate end points. 
  • Identification of the components controlling inactivation of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels. 
  • Imaging-Based Reporter Systems to Define CVB-Induced Membrane Remodeling in Living Cells. 
  • Improving the assessment of heart toxicity for all new drugs through translational regulatory science. 
  • Inhibition of Na+/H+ exchange stimulates CCK secretion in STC-1 cells. 
  • Initial therapy of hypertension. 
  • Intracoronary magnesium and diltiazem affect to a similar extent certain hemostatic factors during acute myocardial infarction in swine. 
  • Intravenous nisoldipine in severe congestive heart failure. 
  • Is rhythm control superior to rate control in patients with atrial fibrillation and congestive heart failure? 
  • Is rhythm-control superior to rate-control in patients with atrial fibrillation and diastolic heart failure? 
  • L-type calcium channels play a critical role in maintaining lens transparency by regulating phosphorylation of aquaporin-0 and myosin light chain and expression of connexins. 
  • Limiting impairment of muscle function following ischemia and reperfusion in rabbits. 
  • Localized membrane depolarizations and localized calcium influx during electric field-guided neurite growth. 
  • Lovastatin and coadministered antihypertensive/cardiovascular agents. 
  • Luminal CCK-releasing factor stimulates CCK release from human intestinal endocrine and STC-1 cells. 
  • Magnesium sulfate inhibits the oxytocin-induced production of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate in cultured human myometrial cells. 
  • Management of Coronary Disease in Patients with Advanced Kidney Disease. 
  • Mavacamten for treatment of symptomatic obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (EXPLORER-HCM): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. 
  • Mechanisms of apparent affinity variation of guarded receptors. 
  • Medical Expulsive Therapy is Useful for Urinary Calculi. 
  • Medical approaches to prevention of restenosis after coronary angioplasty. 
  • Medical therapy of stone disease: from prevention to promotion of passage options. 
  • Mibefradil, a novel therapy for glioblastoma multiforme: cell cycle synchronization and interlaced therapy in a murine model. 
  • Misperceptions about beta-blockers and diuretics: a national survey of primary care physicians. 
  • Multiple sources of internal calcium stores mediate ethanol-induced presynaptic inhibitory GABA release in the central nucleus of the amygdala in mice. 
  • Myogenic constriction of human coronary arterioles. 
  • Ocular melanoma in a Long Evans rat. 
  • On the mechanism of action of antiarrhythmic agents. 
  • Outpatient use of anticoagulants, rate-controlling drugs, and antiarrhythmic drugs for atrial fibrillation. 
  • Parathyroid Hormone and the Use of Diuretics and Calcium-Channel Blockers: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. 
  • Pharmacological and emerging therapies in the treatment of chronic angina. 
  • Pharmacotherapy in Medicare beneficiaries with atrial fibrillation. 
  • Pinaverium in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Old Drug, New Tricks? 
  • Postcoronary thrombolysis management. 
  • Potential impact of evidence-based medicine in acute coronary syndromes: insights from GUSTO-IIb. Global Use of Strategies to Open Occluded Arteries in Acute Coronary Syndromes trial. 
  • Predictors of survival after cardiac arrest in outpatient hemodialysis clinics. 
  • Quality of life after coronary angioplasty or continued medical treatment for angina: three-year follow-up in the RITA-2 trial. Randomized Intervention Treatment of Angina. 
  • Reduction of spontaneous alcohol drinking and physical withdrawal by levemopamil, a novel Ca2+ channel antagonist, in rats. 
  • Reduction of voltage-dependent currents by ethanol contributes to inhibition of NMDA receptor-mediated excitatory synaptic transmission. 
  • Regulation of cholecystokinin secretion in STC-1 cells by nitric oxide. 
  • Regulators of G protein signaling proteins as determinants of the rate of desensitization of presynaptic calcium channels. 
  • Relationship between heart failure treatment and development of worsening renal function among hospitalized patients. 
  • Relationship of blood pressure and other factors to serial retinal arteriolar diameter measurements over time: the beaver dam eye study. 
  • Requirement of Ca2+ for aflatoxin production: inhibitory effect of Ca2+ channel blockers on aflatoxin production by Aspergillus parasiticus NRRL 2999. 
  • Rhythm versus rate control in the contemporary management of atrial fibrillation in-hospital. 
  • Role of cytokines in the mechanism of action of amlodipine: the PRAISE Heart Failure Trial. Prospective Randomized Amlodipine Survival Evaluation. 
  • Role of diuretics, β blockers, and statins in increasing the risk of diabetes in patients with impaired glucose tolerance: reanalysis of data from the NAVIGATOR study. 
  • Role of taste aversion in calcium channel inhibitor-induced suppression of saccharin and alcohol drinking in rats. 
  • SAHIT Investigators--on the outcome of some subarachnoid hemorrhage clinical trials. 
  • SK&F 96365, a novel inhibitor of receptor-mediated calcium entry. 
  • Safety of nifedipine in angina pectoris: a meta-analysis. 
  • Safety of nifedipine in patients with hypertension: a meta-analysis. 
  • Sequential ionic and conformational signaling by calcium channels drives neuronal gene expression. 
  • Short-term low dose intracoronary diltiazem administered at the onset of reperfusion reduces myocardial infarct size. 
  • Single-Dose Intraventricular Nimodipine Microparticles Versus Oral Nimodipine for Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. 
  • Strategies for preventing diabetic nephropathy. 
  • Suppression of alcohol and saccharin preference in rats by a novel Ca2+ channel inhibitor, Goe 5438. 
  • Synaptic activation of presynaptic glutamate transporter currents in nerve terminals. 
  • Targeting blood-brain barrier sphingolipid signaling reduces basal P-glycoprotein activity and improves drug delivery to the brain. 
  • The Ca(2+) channel antagonists mibefradil and pimozide inhibit cell growth via different cytotoxic mechanisms. 
  • The ECLIPSE trials: comparative studies of clevidipine to nitroglycerin, sodium nitroprusside, and nicardipine for acute hypertension treatment in cardiac surgery patients. 
  • The PDZ motif of the α1C subunit is not required for surface trafficking and adrenergic modulation of CaV1.2 channel in the heart. 
  • The effect of ionised magnesium on coagulation using thromboelastography. 
  • The efficacy of azimilide in the treatment of atrial fibrillation in the presence of left ventricular systolic dysfunction: results from the Azimilide Postinfarct Survival Evaluation (ALIVE) trial. 
  • The electrophysiological effects of calcium channel blockade during standard hyperkalemic hypothermic cardioplegic arrest. 
  • The ideal agent for perioperative hypertension and potential cytoprotective effects. 
  • The interaction among sex, hemoglobin and outcomes in a specialty heart failure clinic. 
  • The quantitative investigation of the binding process of calcium blocking drugs in a sinoatrial node. 
  • The relationship between magnitude of proteinuria reduction and risk of end-stage renal disease: results of the African American study of kidney disease and hypertension. 
  • The synthetic cannabinoid WIN 55212-2 differentially modulates thigmotaxis but not spatial learning in adolescent and adult animals. 
  • The transcription factor calcium-response factor limits NMDA receptor-dependent transcription in the developing brain. 
  • The utility of cone beam volume CT in the evaluation of thrombosed intracranial aneurysms in subarachnoid hemorrhage. 
  • The vasodilator effects of clevidipine on human internal mammary artery. 
  • Theoretical characterization of ion channel blockade: ligand binding to periodically accessible receptors. 
  • Tocolysis: A Review of the Literature. 
  • Tocolytic treatment for the management of preterm labor: a review of the evidence. 
  • Treatment of acute postoperative hypertension in cardiac surgery patients: an efficacy study of clevidipine assessing its postoperative antihypertensive effect in cardiac surgery-2 (ESCAPE-2), a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. 
  • Treatment of cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage--a review. 
  • Use of calcium channel antagonists in myocardial revascularization procedures. 
  • Use of evidence-based medical therapy in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary revascularization in the United States, Europe, and Canada. Coronary Angioplasty Versus Excisional Atherectomy Trial (CAVEAT-I) and Canadian Coronary Atherectomy Trial (CCAT) investigators. 
  • Verapamil prolongs atrial fibrillation by evoking an intense sympathetic neurohumoral effect. 
  • What have we learned from the calcium channel blocker controversy? 
  • Zofenopril after anterior myocardial infarction. 
  • [Calcium antagonists in the treatment of heart failure. Re-evaluation of therapeutic strategies]. 
  • pH-sensitive NMDA inhibitors improve outcome in a murine model of SAH. 
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  Keywords of People

  • Bennett, Vann, George Barth Geller Distinguished Professor of Molecular Biology, Duke Cancer Institute
  • Laskowitz, Daniel Todd, Professor of Neurology, Duke Science & Society
  • Middleton, John Paul, Professor of Medicine, Medicine, Nephrology
  • O'Connor, Christopher Michael, Richard Sean Stack, M.D. Distinguished Professor, Medicine, Clinical Pharmacology
  • Pitt, Geoffrey Stuart, Adjunct Professor in the Department of Medicine, Medicine, Cardiology