Cardiotonic Agents

• 

  Subject Areas on Research

  • 2018 ACC/AHA/HRS Guideline on the Evaluation and Management of Patients With Bradycardia and Cardiac Conduction Delay: Executive Summary: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines, and the Heart Rhythm Society. 
  • A bolus dose of 1.5 mg/kg amrinone effectively improves low cardiac output state following separation from cardiopulmonary bypass in cardiac surgical patients. 
  • A bridge for the 21st century in heart transplantation? 
  • A randomized trial of protocol-based care for early septic shock. 
  • A systems genetics approach identifies Trp53inp2 as a link between cardiomyocyte glucose utilization and hypertrophic response. 
  • ASPIRE-2-PREVENT: a survey of lifestyle, risk factor management and cardioprotective medication in patients with coronary heart disease and people at high risk of developing cardiovascular disease in the UK. 
  • Acute coronary findings at autopsy in heart failure patients with sudden death: results from the assessment of treatment with lisinopril and survival (ATLAS) trial. 
  • Acute decompensated heart failure: update on new and emerging evidence and directions for future research. 
  • Admission or changes in renal function during hospitalization for worsening heart failure predict postdischarge survival: results from the Outcomes of a Prospective Trial of Intravenous Milrinone for Exacerbations of Chronic Heart Failure (OPTIME-CHF). 
  • Adolescent nicotine exposure alters cardiac autonomic responsiveness: beta-adrenergic and m2-muscarinic receptors and their linkage to adenylyl cyclase. 
  • Advanced heart failure patients supported with ambulatory inotropic therapy: What defines success of therapy? 
  • Advanced heart failure: a call to action. 
  • Amrinone therapy for congestive heart failure in outpatients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. 
  • Analysis of cardiac arrhythmias during dobutamine pharmacologic stress testing in nuclear cardiology as related to the presence or absence of baseline arrhythmias. 
  • Anesthetic management of an AAI pacemaker patient with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation during colorectal surgery. 
  • Antiemetics added to phenylephrine infusion during cesarean delivery: a randomized controlled trial. 
  • Association between levosimendan, postoperative AKI, and mortality in cardiac surgery: Insights from the LEVO-CTS trial. 
  • Barriers to enrollment in a randomized controlled trial of hydrocortisone for cardiovascular insufficiency in term and late preterm newborn infants. 
  • Between Scylla and Charybdis: The choice of inotropic agent for decompensated heart failure. 
  • Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis 420 mitigates the pathological impact of myocardial infarction in the mouse. 
  • Biomarker guided therapy for heart failure: focus on natriuretic peptides. 
  • Canadian Cardiovascular Society Guidelines for Evaluation and Management of Cardiovascular Complications of Cancer Therapy. 
  • Cardiac Myosin Activation with Omecamtiv Mecarbil in Systolic Heart Failure. 
  • Cardiac output measured with both esophageal Doppler device and Vigileo-FloTrac device. 
  • Cardio-protective effects of carnitine in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. 
  • Cardioprotective and antiapoptotic effects of heme oxygenase-1 in the failing heart. 
  • Cardioprotective effects of iron chelator HAPI and ROS-activated boronate prochelator BHAPI against catecholamine-induced oxidative cellular injury. 
  • Cardioprotective role of S-nitrosylated hemoglobin from rbc. 
  • Cardiopulmonary resuscitation: historical perspective to recent investigations. 
  • Cardiotonic agents. 8. Selective inhibitors of adenosine 3',5'-cyclic phosphate phosphodiesterase III. Elaboration of a five-point model for positive inotropic activity. 
  • Cardiovascular MRI for detection of myocardial viability and ischaemia. 
  • Cholinergic Stimulation Improves Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Experimental Myocardial Infarction. 
  • Chronic mechanical circulatory support for inotrope-dependent heart failure patients who are not transplant candidates: results of the INTrEPID Trial. 
  • Chronic oral amrinone therapy in congestive heart failure: a double-blind placebo-controlled withdrawal study. 
  • Clinical Outcomes and Response to Vericiguat According to Index Heart Failure Event: Insights From the VICTORIA Trial. 
  • Clinical outcomes in patients on beta-blocker therapy admitted with worsening chronic heart failure. 
  • Concomitant use of a positive inotropic agent to create a bridge to the successful initiation of beta-blocker therapy in patients with heart failure: a proposal for a trial. 
  • Contextualizing Risk Among Patients With Heart Failure. 
  • Continuous intravenous dobutamine is associated with an increased risk of death in patients with advanced heart failure: insights from the Flolan International Randomized Survival Trial (FIRST). 
  • Coronary revascularization and circulatory support strategies in patients with myocardial infarction, multi-vessel coronary artery disease, and cardiogenic shock: Insights from an international survey. 
  • Current and novel pharmacologic approaches in advanced heart failure. 
  • Current trends in the management of heart failure. 
  • DNA Methylation Indicates Susceptibility to Isoproterenol-Induced Cardiac Pathology and Is Associated With Chromatin States. 
  • DUCCS and SWANS: when U.S. site-based research was highly successful. 
  • Dead letter office. 
  • Development of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure Therapies: Is the Journey Over? 
  • Differential Response to Low-Dose Dopamine or Low-Dose Nesiritide in Acute Heart Failure With Reduced or Preserved Ejection Fraction: Results From the ROSE AHF Trial (Renal Optimization Strategies Evaluation in Acute Heart Failure). 
  • Digoxin initiation is associated with lower risk of all-cause readmission after hospitalisation for heart failure. 
  • Do NSAIDs interfere with the cardioprotective effects of aspirin? 
  • Do evidence-based treatments provide incremental benefits to patients with congestive heart failure already receiving angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors? A secondary analysis of one-year outcomes from the Assessment of Treatment with Lisinopril and Survival (ATLAS) study. 
  • Dobutamine stress echocardiography for preoperative cardiac risk stratification in patients undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation. 
  • Dobutamine stress echocardiography: experience in pediatric heart transplant recipients. 
  • ESC Guidelines for the management of acute coronary syndromes in patients presenting without persistent ST-segment elevation: The Task Force for the management of acute coronary syndromes (ACS) in patients presenting without persistent ST-segment elevation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). 
  • Early intravenous heart failure therapy and outcomes among older patients hospitalized for acute decompensated heart failure: findings from the Acute Decompensated Heart Failure Registry Emergency Module (ADHERE-EM). 
  • Early, Goal-Directed Therapy for Septic Shock - A Patient-Level Meta-Analysis. 
  • Effect of Interleukin-1 Blockade on Left Ventricular Systolic Performance and Work: A Post Hoc Pooled Analysis of 2 Clinical Trials. 
  • Effect of aliskiren on post-discharge outcomes among diabetic and non-diabetic patients hospitalized for heart failure: insights from the ASTRONAUT trial. 
  • Effect of levosimendan on survival and adverse events after cardiac surgery: a meta-analysis. 
  • Effect of oral digoxin in high-risk heart failure patients: a pre-specified subgroup analysis of the DIG trial. 
  • Effects of cardiotonic steroids on trabecular meshwork cells: search for mediator of ouabain-enhanced outflow facility. 
  • Effects of propranolol treatment on left ventricular function and intracellular calcium regulation in rats with postinfarction heart failure. 
  • Effects of serelaxin in subgroups of patients with acute heart failure: results from RELAX-AHF. 
  • Efficacy and Safety of Sacubitril/Valsartan in High-Risk Patients in the PIONEER-HF Trial. 
  • End points for clinical trials in acute heart failure syndromes. 
  • Epidemiology of cardiorenal syndrome. 
  • Erythropoietin receptor expression in adult rat cardiomyocytes is associated with an acute cardioprotective effect for recombinant erythropoietin during ischemia-reperfusion injury. 
  • Evaluation of myocardial viability by MRI. 
  • Force-frequency effect is a powerful determinant of myocardial contractility in the mouse. 
  • GRK2-mediated inhibition of adrenergic and dopaminergic signaling in right ventricular hypertrophy: therapeutic implications in pulmonary hypertension. 
  • Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes. 
  • HIF-1α in heart: protective mechanisms. 
  • Heart failure etiology and response to milrinone in decompensated heart failure: results from the OPTIME-CHF study. 
  • Heart failure medications prescribed at discharge for patients with left ventricular assist devices. 
  • History of Atrial Fibrillation and Trajectory of Decongestion in Acute Heart Failure. 
  • Hospital variation in intravenous inotrope use for patients hospitalized with heart failure: insights from Get With The Guidelines. 
  • Humanin analog enhances the protective effect of dexrazoxane against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. 
  • Impact of Stress Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging on Clinical Care. 
  • Implications of Altered Ketone Metabolism and Therapeutic Ketosis in Heart Failure. 
  • In vivo inhibition of elevated myocardial beta-adrenergic receptor kinase activity in hybrid transgenic mice restores normal beta-adrenergic signaling and function. 
  • Increased Long-Term Mortality among Black CABG Patients Receiving Preoperative Inotropic Agents. 
  • Incremental prognostic value of RNA ejection fraction measurements during pharmacologic stress testing: a comparison with clinical and perfusion variables. 
  • Inotropes in the management of acute heart failure. 
  • Inotropic drugs and neurohormonal antagonists in the treatment of HF in the elderly. 
  • Inotropic therapy for heart failure: an evidence-based approach. 
  • Insights into the contemporary epidemiology and outpatient management of congestive heart failure. 
  • Intensification of Medication Therapy for Cardiorenal Syndrome in Acute Decompensated Heart Failure. 
  • Interaction between digoxin and dronedarone in the PALLAS trial. 
  • Intrapulmonary Milrinone for Cardiac Surgery Provides Insight Into Precision Delivery of Aerosolized Vasodilators. 
  • Intravenous allopurinol decreases myocardial oxygen consumption and increases mechanical efficiency in dogs with pacing-induced heart failure. 
  • Intravenous milrinone in cardiac surgery. 
  • Ischemic burden, treatment allocation, and outcomes in stable coronary artery disease. 
  • Left atrial passive emptying function during dobutamine stress MR imaging is a predictor of cardiac events in patients with suspected myocardial ischemia. 
  • Levosimendan in Cardiac Surgery. 
  • Levosimendan in Cardiac Surgery. 
  • Levosimendan in Cardiac Surgery. 
  • Levosimendan in Cardiac Surgery. 
  • Levosimendan in Patients with Left Ventricular Dysfunction Undergoing Cardiac Surgery. 
  • Levosimendan in patients with reduced left ventricular function undergoing isolated coronary or valve surgery. 
  • Low-dose dobutamine tissue-tagged magnetic resonance imaging with 3-dimensional strain analysis allows assessment of myocardial viability in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy. 
  • Management and outcomes in patients with moderate or severe functional mitral regurgitation and severe left ventricular dysfunction. 
  • Management of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: Current Challenges and Future Directions. 
  • Management of acute decompensated heart failure. 
  • Marginal cardiac allografts do not have increased primary graft dysfunction in alternate list transplantation. 
  • Means for load variation during echocardiographic assessment of the Frank-Starling relationship. 
  • Mechanism-based engineering against anthracycline cardiotoxicity. 
  • Medical advances in the treatment of congestive heart failure. 
  • Metoprolol and coronary artery bypass grafting surgery: does intraoperative metoprolol attenuate acute beta-adrenergic receptor desensitization during cardiac surgery? 
  • Milrinone improves pulmonary hemodynamics and right ventricular function in chronic pulmonary hypertension. 
  • Milrinone use is associated with postoperative atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery. 
  • Missed opportunities: despite improvement in use of cardioprotective medications among patients with lower-extremity peripheral artery disease, underuse remains. 
  • Mode of death in advanced heart failure: the Comparison of Medical, Pacing, and Defibrillation Therapies in Heart Failure (COMPANION) trial. 
  • Multifaceted intervention to improve medication adherence and secondary prevention measures after acute coronary syndrome hospital discharge: a randomized clinical trial. 
  • Myocardial Lipin 1 knockout in mice approximates cardiac effects of human LPIN1 mutations. 
  • New cardiac drugs. 
  • Newer oral anticoagulants should be used as first-line agents to prevent thromboembolism in patients with atrial fibrillation and risk factors for stroke or thromboembolism. 
  • Nitric oxide donors protect murine myocardium against infarction via modulation of mitochondrial permeability transition. 
  • Noninvasive, quantitative assessment of left ventricular function in ischemic cardiomyopathy. 
  • Novel therapeutics in myocardial infarction: targeting microvascular dysfunction and reperfusion injury. 
  • Outcomes associated with the use of secondary prevention medications after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. 
  • Pathophysiology of cardiac extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. 
  • Pericardial delivery of omega-3 fatty acid: a novel approach to reducing myocardial infarct sizes and arrhythmias. 
  • Perioperative Inotrope Therapy and Atrial Fibrillation Following Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: Evidence of a Racial Disparity. 
  • Peripartum cardiomyopathy: a review of the literature. 
  • Pharmacokinetics of intravenous milrinone in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. 
  • Pharmacologic therapy for patients with chronic heart failure and reduced systolic function: review of trials and practical considerations. 
  • Pharmacological strategies for improving diastolic dysfunction in the setting of chronic pulmonary hypertension. 
  • Phosphodiesterase inhibitors: the inotropes of choice for the new millennium? 
  • Physiologic and cardiac roles of beta-arrestins. 
  • Population Pharmacokinetics of Milrinone in Infants, Children, and Adolescents. 
  • Postoperative inotrope and vasopressor use following CABG: outcome data from the CAPS-care study. 
  • Predictors of inotrope use during separation from cardiopulmonary bypass. 
  • Prevalent digoxin use and subsequent risk of death or hospitalization in ambulatory heart failure patients with a reduced ejection fraction-Findings from the Heart Failure: A Controlled Trial Investigating Outcomes of Exercise Training (HF-ACTION) randomized controlled trial. 
  • Prognosis in cardiogenic shock after acute myocardial infarction in the interventional era. 
  • Prognosis on chronic dobutamine or milrinone infusions for stage D heart failure. 
  • Prognostic value of monocyte count in patients hospitalized for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (from the EVEREST Trial). 
  • Prolonged exercise alters cardiac chronotropic responsiveness in endurance athletes. 
  • Prostacyclin protects against elevated blood pressure and cardiac fibrosis. 
  • Pulmonary Hypertension in Pregnancy: A Report of 49 Cases at Four Tertiary North American Sites. 
  • RELAX-AHF: consistency across subgroups and new hypotheses generated. 
  • Racial differences in the characteristics of patients admitted for acute decompensated heart failure and their relation to outcomes: results from the OPTIME-CHF trial. 
  • Rational use of inotropic therapy in heart failure. 
  • Rationale and design of the pilot randomized study of nesiritide versus dobutamine in heart failure (PRESERVD-HF). 
  • Reduction of myocardial ischemic injury following coronary intervention (the MC-1 to Eliminate Necrosis and Damage trial). 
  • Regional variation across the United States in the management of acute myocardial infarction. GUSTO-1 Investigators. Global Utilization of Streptokinase and Tissue Plasminogen Activator for Occluded Coronary Arteries. 
  • Relation between dose of loop diuretics and outcomes in a heart failure population: results of the ESCAPE trial. 
  • Relationship of serum digoxin concentration to mortality and morbidity in women in the digitalis investigation group trial: a retrospective analysis. 
  • Renal Dysfunction and Arrhythmia Association in Patients Receiving Milrinone After Cardiac Surgery. 
  • Results of the first clinical study of adjunctive CAldaret (MCC-135) in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: the randomized multicentre CASTEMI study. 
  • Right ventricular failure in patients with the HeartMate II continuous-flow left ventricular assist device: incidence, risk factors, and effect on outcomes. 
  • Risk Assessment and Comparative Effectiveness of Left Ventricular Assist Device and Medical Management in Ambulatory Heart Failure Patients: The ROADMAP Study 2-Year Results. 
  • Risk Factors and In-Hospital Outcomes following Tracheostomy in Infants. 
  • Risk assessment and comparative effectiveness of left ventricular assist device and medical management in ambulatory heart failure patients: design and rationale of the ROADMAP clinical trial. 
  • Risk stratification after hospitalization for decompensated heart failure. 
  • Role of serum biomarkers in cancer patients receiving cardiotoxic cancer therapies: a position statement from the Cardio-Oncology Study Group of the Heart Failure Association and the Cardio-Oncology Council of the European Society of Cardiology. 
  • Sacubitril/Valsartan in Advanced Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction: Rationale and Design of the LIFE Trial. 
  • Safety of milrinone use in neonatal intensive care units. 
  • Serelaxin in acute heart failure patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction: results from the RELAX-AHF trial. 
  • Short-term intravenous milrinone for acute exacerbation of chronic heart failure: a randomized controlled trial. 
  • Simulated microgravity produces attenuated baroreflex-mediated pressor, chronotropic, and inotropic responses in mice. 
  • Socioeconomic disparities in the use of cardioprotective medications among patients with peripheral artery disease: an analysis of the American College of Cardiology's NCDR PINNACLE Registry. 
  • Standardized cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) protocols, society for cardiovascular magnetic resonance: board of trustees task force on standardized protocols. 
  • Stress echocardiography, contrast echocardiography, and tissue characterization: applications for the future. 
  • Support of the perioperative failing heart with preexisting ventricular dysfunction: currently available options. 
  • Systems Genetics Approach Identifies Gene Pathways and Adamts2 as Drivers of Isoproterenol-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy and Cardiomyopathy in Mice. 
  • Systolic contraction within aneurysmal rabbit myocardium following transplantation of autologous skeletal myoblasts. 
  • Targeted pharmacotherapy for ischemia reperfusion injury in acute myocardial infarction. 
  • Targeting heart failure therapeutics: a historical perspective. 
  • Temporal Trends of Digoxin Use in Patients Hospitalized With Heart Failure: Analysis From the American Heart Association Get With The Guidelines-Heart Failure Registry. 
  • The effect of milrinone on hemodynamics and left ventricular function after emergence from cardiopulmonary bypass. 
  • The global health and economic burden of hospitalizations for heart failure: lessons learned from hospitalized heart failure registries. 
  • The impact of arrhythmias in acute heart failure. 
  • The in vivo role of p38 MAP kinases in cardiac remodeling and restrictive cardiomyopathy. 
  • The new cardiotonic agent sulmazole is an A1 adenosine receptor antagonist and functionally blocks the inhibitory regulator, Gi. 
  • The non-haematopoietic biological effects of erythropoietin. 
  • The relationship between immediate outcome after cardiac surgery, homogeneous cardioplegia delivery, and ejection fraction. 
  • The relationship between simulated milrinone exposure and hypotension in children. 
  • Tissue-engineered cardiac patch for advanced functional maturation of human ESC-derived cardiomyocytes. 
  • Total intravenous anesthesia and anesthetic outcomes. 
  • Use and impact of inotropes and vasodilator therapy in hospitalized patients with severe heart failure. 
  • Usefulness of anemia as a predictor of death and rehospitalization in patients with decompensated heart failure. 
  • Usefulness of myocardial viability or ischemia in predicting long-term survival for patients with severe left ventricular dysfunction undergoing revascularization. 
  • Variation in perioperative vasoactive therapy in cardiovascular surgical care: data from the Society of Thoracic Surgeons. 
  • Vasopeptidase inhibitor reduces inhospital costs for patients with congestive heart failure: results from the IMPRESS trial. Inhibition of Metallo Protease by BMS-186716 in a Randomized Exercise and Symptoms Study in Subjects With Heart Failure. 
  • Viability assessment by delayed enhancement cardiovascular magnetic resonance: will low-dose dobutamine dull the shine? 
  • What is the economic value of digoxin therapy in congestive heart failure patients? Results from the DIG trial. 
  • When the heart runs out of heartbeats: treatment options for refractory end-stage heart failure. 
  • Why Negative Trials Are Positive for Heart Failure Patients. 
  • β-Arrestin-Biased Allosteric Modulator Potentiates Carvedilol-Stimulated β Adrenergic Receptor Cardioprotection. 
  • β-Arrestin-biased AT1R stimulation promotes cell survival during acute cardiac injury. 
• 

  Keywords of People

  • Alexander, John Hunter Peel, Professor of Medicine, Medicine, Cardiology
  • Milano, Carmelo Alessio, Joseph W. and Dorothy W. Beard Distinguished Professor of Experimental Surgery, Surgery, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery
  • O'Connor, Christopher Michael, Adjunct Professor in the Department of Medicine, Medicine, Clinical Pharmacology