Child Development

• 

  Subject Areas on Research

  • "I know you don't know I know…" children use second-order false-belief reasoning for peer coordination. 
  • 3- and 5-year-old children's adherence to explicit and implicit joint commitments. 
  • 36-month-olds conceal visual and auditory information from others. 
  • A 12-year prospective study of patterns of social information processing problems and externalizing behaviors. 
  • A Developmental Analysis of Caregiving Modalities Across Infancy in 38 Low- and Middle-Income Countries. 
  • A Theory of Causal Learning in Children: Causal Maps and Bayes Nets. 
  • A brief assessment of learning for orphaned and abandoned children in low and middle income countries. 
  • A brief review of the pathophysiology, associated pain, and psychosocial issues in sickle cell disease. 
  • A comparison of two methods of estimating propensity scores after multiple imputation 
  • A defensive mindset: A pattern of social information processing that develops early and predicts life course outcomes. 
  • A developmental perspective on peer rejection: mechanisms of stability and change. 
  • A longitudinal examination of the psychoeducational, neurocognitive, and psychiatric functioning in children with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. 
  • A new look at infant pointing. 
  • A pilot study to examine maturation of body temperature control in preterm infants. 
  • A prospective longitudinal study of children's theory of mind and adolescent involvement in bullying. 
  • A prospective study of maternal anxiety, perceived stress, and depressive symptoms in relation to infant cognitive development. 
  • A quarter century of progress on the early detection and treatment of autism spectrum disorder. 
  • A reexamination of the effects of intent and consequence on children's moral judgments. 
  • A staging system for infantile Krabbe disease to predict outcome after unrelated umbilical cord blood transplantation. 
  • Academic Outcomes in Children With Congenital Heart Defects: A Population-Based Cohort Study. 
  • Adult instruction limits children's flexibility in moral decision making. 
  • Adverse childhood experiences, psychosocial well-being and cognitive development among orphans and abandoned children in five low income countries. 
  • Age-Dependent Effects of Catechol-O-Methyltransferase (COMT) Gene Val158Met Polymorphism on Language Function in Developing Children. 
  • Ages and stages questionnaires: adaptation to an Arabic speaking population and cultural sensitivity. 
  • Amygdalar volume and behavioral development in autism. 
  • An automated "well-baby" questionnaire. 
  • Annotation: implications of violence between intimate partners for child psychologists and psychiatrists. 
  • Assessing development across cultures: Invariance of the Bayley-III Scales Across Seven International MAL-ED sites. 
  • Association Between Bottle Size and Formula Intake in 2-Month-Old Infants. 
  • Association between Prepregnancy Body Mass Index and Gestational Weight Gain with Size, Tempo, and Velocity of Infant Growth: Analysis of the Newborn Epigenetic Study Cohort. 
  • Association between somatic growth trajectory and cognitive functioning in young children with sickle cell disease. 
  • Association of antenatal corticosteroids with mortality and neurodevelopmental outcomes among infants born at 22 to 25 weeks' gestation. 
  • Associations of Less Healthy Snack Food Consumption with Infant Weight-for-Length Z-Score Trajectories: Findings from the Nurture Cohort Study. 
  • Attentional characteristics of infants and toddlers with Williams syndrome during triadic interactions. 
  • Baby's First Years: Design of a Randomized Controlled Trial of Poverty Reduction in the United States. 
  • Behavioral Deficits at 18-22 Months of Age Are Associated with Early Cerebellar Injury and Cognitive and Language Performance in Children Born Extremely Preterm. 
  • Behavioral Problems and Socioemotional Competence at 18 to 22 Months of Extremely Premature Children. 
  • Behavioral characteristics of very-low-birth-weight infants of varying biologic risk at 6, 15, and 24 months of age. 
  • Bigger knows better: young children selectively learn rule games from adults rather than from peers. 
  • Birth seasons and heights among girls and boys below 12 years of age: lasting effects and catch-up growth among native Amazonians in Bolivia. 
  • Bone density and metabolism in children and adolescents with moderate to severe cerebral palsy. 
  • Brain research to ameliorate impaired neurodevelopment--home-based intervention trial (BRAIN-HIT). 
  • Breastfeeding and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid intake in the first 4 post-natal months and infant cognitive development: an observational study. 
  • Breastfeeding and the child cognitive outcomes: a propensity score matching approach. 
  • Can we dissociate contingency learning from social learning in word acquisition by 24-month-olds? 
  • Care for child development: basic science rationale and effects of interventions. 
  • Characterization of infant mu rhythm immediately before crawling: A high-resolution EEG study. 
  • Child Development in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. 
  • Child stunting is associated with weaker human capital among native Amazonians. 
  • Child survival and development revolution. 
  • Childhood anxiety: lessons learned. 
  • Childhood exposure to violence and lifelong health: Clinical intervention science and stress biology research join forces. 
  • Children across societies enforce conventional norms but in culturally variable ways. 
  • Children who prosper in unfavorable environments: the relationship to social capital. 
  • Children's Selective Trust in Promises. 
  • Children's developing commitments to joint goals. 
  • Children's interactions in triads: behavioral profiles and effects of gender and patterns of friendships among members. 
  • Children's perceptions of deviance and disorder. 
  • Children's reasoning with peers and parents about moral dilemmas. 
  • Children's reasoning with peers in cooperative and competitive contexts. 
  • Children's respect for ownership across diverse societies. 
  • Chinese hamster ovary cell-derived recombinant human acid alpha-glucosidase in infantile-onset Pompe disease. 
  • Classification of child and adolescent eating disturbances. Workgroup for Classification of Eating Disorders in Children and Adolescents (WCEDCA). 
  • Classification of eating disturbance in children and adolescents: proposed changes for the DSM-V. 
  • Clinical and laboratory characteristics of a large cohort of symptomatic, human immunodeficiency virus-infected infants and children. AIDS Clinical Trials Group Protocol 152 Study Team. 
  • Clinical assessment and management of toddlers with suspected autism spectrum disorder: insights from studies of high-risk infants. 
  • Cognitive and social cognitive development of depressed children and adolescents. 
  • Cognitive impact of early separation from migrant parents: A spectrum of risk and key mechanisms in child development contexts. A commentary on Hou et al., (2020). 
  • Cohort Profile: Perinatal depression and child socioemotional development ; the Bachpan cohort study from rural Pakistan. 
  • Cohort profile for the Nurture Observational Study examining associations of multiple caregivers on infant growth in the Southeastern USA. 
  • Collaboration in young children. 
  • Collaborative partner or social tool? New evidence for young children's understanding of joint intentions in collaborative activities. 
  • Communicating to Learn: Infants' Pointing Gestures Result in Optimal Learning. 
  • Conformity development as a function of self-blame. 
  • Connecting child care quality to child outcomes: drawing policy lessons from nonexperimental data. 
  • Consent (assent) for research with pediatric patients 
  • Consistency of hand-preference across the early years: long-term relationship to verbal intelligence and reading achievement in girls. 
  • Context and sequelae of food insecurity in children's development. 
  • Context matters in child and family policy. 
  • Cooperative activities in young children and chimpanzees. 
  • Cord-blood transplants from unrelated donors in patients with Hurler's syndrome. 
  • Correlates and Consequences of Spanking and Verbal Punishment for Low-Income White, African American, and Mexican American Toddlers 
  • Correlates of early stimulation activities among mothers of children under age two in Siaya County, Kenya: Maternal mental health and other maternal, child, and household factors. 
  • Correlation of neurodevelopmental features and MRI findings in infantile Krabbe's disease. 
  • Country, sex, and parent occupational status: moderators of the continuity of aggression from childhood to adulthood. 
  • Cultural Learning Redux. 
  • Culture moderates the relationship between self-control ability and free will beliefs in childhood 
  • Cycled light and growth of preterms. 
  • Cytokines and neurodevelopmental outcomes in extremely low birth weight infants. 
  • DSM-V PTSD diagnostic criteria for children and adolescents: a developmental perspective and recommendations. 
  • Declines Noted in Cognitive Processes and Association With Achievement Among Children With Leukemia. 
  • Designing mental health interventions informed by child development and human biology theory: a social ecology intervention for child soldiers in Nepal. 
  • Developing intuitions about free will between ages four and six 
  • Developing, mature, and unique functions of the child's brain in reading and mathematics. 
  • Development and neural bases of face recognition in autism. 
  • Development of behaviors in preterm infants: relation to sleeping and waking. 
  • Developmental Differences in Functioning in Youth With Social Phobia. 
  • Developmental Outcomes of Extremely Preterm Infants with a Need for Child Protective Services Supervision. 
  • Developmental and lesion effects in brain activation during sentence comprehension and mental rotation. 
  • Developmental cascades of peer rejection, social information processing biases, and aggression during middle childhood. 
  • Developmental changes in infants' categorization of anger and disgust facial expressions. 
  • Developmental processes in peer problems of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in the Multimodal Treatment Study of Children With ADHD: developmental cascades and vicious cycles. 
  • Developmental psychobiology: prenatal, perinatal, and early postnatal aspects of behavioral development. 
  • Developmental trajectories of autonomic functioning in autism from birth to early childhood. 
  • Developmental trajectories of externalizing and internalizing behaviors: factors underlying resilience in physically abused children. 
  • Developmental trajectories of young girls with fragile x syndrome. 
  • Developmental trajectory of neural specialization for letter and number visual processing. 
  • Dietary fat for infants with enterostomies. 
  • Differences in the early cognitive development of children and great apes. 
  • Differential exposure to organophosphate flame retardants in mother-child pairs. 
  • Dimensions of deprivation and threat, psychopathology, and potential mediators: A multi-year longitudinal analysis. 
  • Direct and indirect reputation formation in nonhuman great apes (Pan paniscus, Pan troglodytes, Gorilla gorilla, Pongo pygmaeus) and human children (Homo sapiens). 
  • Direct social support for young high risk children: relations with behavioral and emotional outcomes across time. 
  • Do young children have adult syntactic competence? 
  • Does preterm period sleep development predict early childhood growth trajectories? 
  • Done wrong or said wrong? Young children understand the normative directions of fit of different speech acts. 
  • Dose of early intervention treatment during children's first 36 months of life is associated with developmental outcomes: an observational cohort study in three low/low-middle income countries. 
  • Early Childhood Family Structure and Mother-Child Interactions: Variation by Race and Ethnicity 
  • Early Life Child Micronutrient Status, Maternal Reasoning, and a Nurturing Household Environment have Persistent Influences on Child Cognitive Development at Age 5 years: Results from MAL-ED. 
  • Early Life Experiences and Trajectories of Cognitive Development. 
  • Early childhood growth and development in rural Guatemala. 
  • Early childhood nutrition, education and fertility milestones in Guatemala. 
  • Early intervention for very young children with or at high likelihood for autism spectrum disorder: An overview of reviews. 
  • Early life development in a multiethnic sample and the relation to late life cognition. 
  • Early life growth, socioeconomic status, and mammographic breast density in an urban US birth cohort. 
  • Early prenatal vitamin D concentrations and social-emotional development in infants. 
  • Early social cognition in three cultural contexts. 
  • Early student (dis)engagement: Contributions of household chaos, parenting, and self-regulatory skills. 
  • Effect of a lay counselor delivered integrated maternal mental health and early childhood development group-based intervention in Siaya County, Kenya: A quasi-experimental longitudinal study. 
  • Effect of an early perinatal depression intervention on long-term child development outcomes: follow-up of the Thinking Healthy Programme randomised controlled trial. 
  • Effect of antenatal treatment of maternal periodontitis on early childhood neurodevelopment. 
  • Effect of human immunodeficiency virus infection on the growth of young children. Duke Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Unit. 
  • Effect of inborn vs. outborn delivery on neurodevelopmental outcomes in infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy: secondary analyses of the NICHD whole-body cooling trial. 
  • Effectiveness of a home based early intervention program with infants of adolescent mothers. 
  • Effectiveness of a peer-delivered, psychosocial intervention on maternal depression and child development at 3 years postnatal: a cluster randomised trial in Pakistan. 
  • Effects of Shigella-, Campylobacter- and ETEC-associated diarrhea on childhood growth. 
  • Effects of calcitriol and phosphorus therapy on the growth of patients with X-linked hypophosphatemia. 
  • Effects of iodine supplementation during pregnancy on child growth and development at school age. 
  • Effects of pre-pregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain on infant anthropometric outcomes. 
  • Eighteen-month-olds understand false beliefs in an unexpected-contents task. 
  • Enhancing Low-Intensity Coaching in Parent Implemented Early Start Denver Model Intervention for Early Autism: A Randomized Comparison Treatment Trial. 
  • Ensuring Optimal Early Childhood Development Globally: Optimism about the Increasing Role of Pediatricians. 
  • Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli Subclinical Infection and Coinfections and Impaired Child Growth in the MAL-ED Cohort Study. 
  • Evaluating Endotracheal Tube Depth in Infants Weighing Less Than 1 Kilogram. 
  • Even at 4 months, a labial is a good enough coronal, but not vice versa. 
  • Event-related potential (ERP) indices of infants' recognition of familiar and unfamiliar objects in two and three dimensions. 
  • Executive function predicts the development of play skills for verbal preschoolers with autism spectrum disorders. 
  • Externality as a function of obesity in children: pervasive style or eating-specific attribute? 
  • Factors affecting child development assessed by the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ) in an Arabic speaking population. 
  • Factors affecting the psychosocial well-being of orphan and separated children in five low- and middle-income countries: Which is more important, quality of care or care setting? 
  • Factors associated with feeding progression in extremely preterm infants. 
  • Family-based obesity prevention for infants: Design of the "Mothers & Others" randomized trial. 
  • Father involvement in the first year of life: Associations with maternal mental health and child development outcomes in rural Pakistan. 
  • Flexibility in the semantics and syntax of children's early verb use. 
  • Focusing and shifting attention in human children (Homo sapiens) and chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). 
  • Food allergies affect growth in children. 
  • Formative research methods for designing culturally appropriate, integrated child nutrition and development interventions: an overview. 
  • From imitation to implementation: How two- and three-year-old children learn to enforce social norms. 
  • From statistical associations to causation: what developmentalists can learn from instrumental variables techniques coupled with experimental data. 
  • GENDER IN LOW- AND MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES: INTRODUCTION 
  • Gastrostomy Tube Feeding in Extremely Low Birthweight Infants: Frequency, Associated Comorbidities, and Long-term Outcomes. 
  • Gastrostomy tube placement in infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia: Frequency, predictors, and growth outcomes. 
  • Genetic and environmental influences on the relative timing of pubertal change. 
  • Genetic determinants of childhood and adult height associated with osteosarcoma risk. 
  • Gestational Age, Birth Weight, and Outcomes Six Years After the Norwood Procedure. 
  • Gestational weight gain and predicted changes in offspring anthropometrics between early infancy and 3 years. 
  • Giving Is Nicer than Taking: Preschoolers Reciprocate Based on the Social Intentions of the Distributor. 
  • Giving Preschoolers Choice Increases Sharing Behavior 
  • Group Activity: Application of Pediatric Developmental Stages in Planning Age-Appropriate Care. 
  • Growth Rates of Infants Randomized to Continuous Positive Airway Pressure or Intubation After Extremely Preterm Birth. 
  • Growth and diet quality are associated with the attainment of walking in rural Guatemalan infants. 
  • Growth and health in children with moderate-to-severe cerebral palsy. 
  • Growth, survival and viral load in symptomatic childhood human immunodeficiency virus infection. 
  • Humans have evolved specialized skills of social cognition: the cultural intelligence hypothesis. 
  • I can see it both ways: first- and third-person visual perspectives at retrieval. 
  • ISPAD Guidelines. Managing diabetes in preschool children. 
  • Identifying at-risk children at school entry: The usefulness of multibehavioral problems profiles 
  • Imitative learning of actions on objects by children, chimpanzees, and enculturated chimpanzees. 
  • Impact of Operative and Postoperative Factors on Neurodevelopmental Outcomes After Cardiac Operations. 
  • Impact of intermittent screening and treatment for malaria among school children in Kenya: a cluster randomised trial. 
  • Improved neurodevelopmental outcomes following long-term high-dose oral acyclovir therapy in infants with central nervous system and disseminated herpes simplex disease. 
  • Incentives for children in research 
  • Indoor air pollution and lung function growth among children in four Chinese cities. 
  • Infant BMI trajectories are associated with young adult body composition. 
  • Infant EEG theta modulation predicts childhood intelligence. 
  • Infant and Toddler Child-Care Quality and Stability in Relation to Proximal and Distal Academic and Social Outcomes. 
  • Infant arousal in an en-face exchange with a new partner: effects of prematurity and perinatal biological risk. 
  • Infant growth outcomes after maternal tenofovir disoproxil fumarate use during pregnancy. 
  • Infantile spasms following near-drowning: a report of two cases. 
  • Infants of depressed mothers show "depressed" behavior even with nondepressed adults. 
  • Infants use shared experience to interpret pointing gestures. 
  • Influences of adversity across the lifespan on respiratory sinus arrhythmia during pregnancy. 
  • Intelligence and adaptive function in children diagnosed with brain tumour during infancy. 
  • Intersection of child abuse and children's exposure to domestic violence. 
  • Interventions aimed at decreasing obesity in children younger than 2 years: a systematic review. 
  • Introduction to the Special Section of Child Development on Positive Youth Development in Diverse and Global Contexts. 
  • Knowledge matters: how children evaluate the reliability of testimony as a process of rational inference. 
  • Lactational exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers and its relation to social and emotional development among toddlers. 
  • Lactational exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene and infant growth: an analysis of the Pregnancy, Infection, and Nutrition Babies Study. 
  • Language-general biases and language-specific experience contribute to phonological detail in toddlers' word representations. 
  • Lead Exposure during Early Human Development and DNA Methylation of Imprinted Gene Regulatory Elements in Adulthood. 
  • Leaving a Choice for Others: Children’s Evaluations of Considerate, Socially-Mindful Actions 
  • Linking family hardship to children's lives. 
  • Long-term outcome of Hurler syndrome patients after hematopoietic cell transplantation: an international multicenter study. 
  • Longitudinal assessment of children with enteroviral meningitis during the first three months of life. 
  • Longitudinal assessment of growth in hypoplastic left heart syndrome: results from the single ventricle reconstruction trial. 
  • Longitudinal associations of gross motor development, motor milestone achievement and weight-for-length z score in a racially diverse cohort of US infants. 
  • Longitudinal relation between state-trait maternal irritability and harsh parenting. 
  • Low birth weight and retinal vascular caliber in young children. 
  • Magnetic resonance imaging and head circumference study of brain size in autism: birth through age 2 years. 
  • Mapping the Growth of Heterogeneous Forms of Externalizing Problem Behavior Between Early Childhood and Adolescence:A Comparison of Parent and Teacher Ratings. 
  • Markov Chain Monte Carlo approaches to analysis of genetic and environmental components of human developmental change and G x E interaction. 
  • Maternal Dietary Patterns during Pregnancy Are Associated with Child Growth in the First 3 Years of Life. 
  • Maternal PUFA status and offspring allergic diseases up to the age of 18 months. 
  • Maternal Prenatal Psychological Distress and Preschool Cognitive Functioning: the Protective Role of Positive Parental Engagement. 
  • Maternal childhood trauma, postpartum depression, and infant outcomes: Avoidant affective processing as a potential mechanism. 
  • Maternal pre-pregnancy obesity and child neurodevelopmental outcomes: a meta-analysis. 
  • Means to the goal of remembering: developmental changes in awareness of strategy use--performance relations. 
  • Measurement of spontaneous rotational movement (circling) in normal children. 
  • Mechanisms in the cycle of violence. 
  • Memory and response inhibition in young children with single-suture craniosynostosis. 
  • Mental health context of food insecurity: a representative cohort of families with young children. 
  • Mental health training of primary care residents: a review of recent literature (1974-1981). 
  • Meritocratic sharing is based on collaboration in 3-year-olds. 
  • Missouri Children's Behavior Checklist ratings of preschool children as a function of risk status for developmental and learning problems. 
  • Modeling environmental influences on child growth in the MAL-ED cohort study: opportunities and challenges. 
  • Modeling social norms increasingly influences costly sharing in middle childhood. 
  • Mortality and neurodevelopmental outcome after Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in infants. 
  • Movement-attention coupling in infancy and attention problems in childhood. 
  • Nature X nurture: genetic vulnerabilities interact with physical maltreatment to promote conduct problems. 
  • Neonatal behavior of infants of adolescent mothers. 
  • Neonatal vitamin-responsive epileptic encephalopathies. 
  • Neurodevelopment in children with single-suture craniosynostosis and plagiocephaly without synostosis. 
  • Neurodevelopmental Outcomes of Preterm Infants With Retinopathy of Prematurity by Treatment. 
  • Neurodevelopmental outcome of preterm infants enrolled in myo-inositol randomized controlled trial. 
  • Neurodevelopmental outcomes at 5years of age in congenital diaphragmatic hernia. 
  • Neurodevelopmental outcomes in infants requiring resuscitation in developing countries. 
  • New developments in the treatment of obese children and adolescents. 
  • Non-egalitarian allocations among preschool peers in a face-to-face bargaining task. 
  • Non-nutritive sucking for preterm infants in Egypt. 
  • Normative Irritability in Youth: Developmental Findings From the Great Smoky Mountains Study. 
  • Normative early head growth in very-low-birth-weight infants. 
  • Novel two-tiered developmental screening programme for Singaporean toddlers: a quality improvement report. 
  • Nurse home visits for infants and toddlers of low-income families improve behavioural, language and attention outcomes at age 6-9 years; paraprofessional visits improve visual attention and task switching. 
  • Nursery Neurobiologic Risk Score: important factor in predicting outcome in very low birth weight infants. 
  • Nutritional and psychosocial outcomes of gastrostomy tube-dependent children completing an intensive inpatient behavioral treatment program. 
  • Obesity and psychiatric disorder: developmental trajectories. 
  • On the independence of physical and nominal codes: a correlational analysis. 
  • On tools and toys: how children learn to act on and pretend with 'virgin objects'. 
  • One for you, one for me: Humans' unique turn-taking skills 
  • One-year-old infants follow others' voice direction. 
  • Optical brain imaging reveals general auditory and language-specific processing in early infant development. 
  • Organized Activity Involvement Predicts Internalizing and Externalizing Problems in Adolescence. 
  • Origins of the human pointing gesture: a training study. 
  • Parent-child interaction and attention regulation in children born prematurely. 
  • Patient and practice factors affecting growth of infants with systemic-to-pulmonary shunt. 
  • Pediatric Neurodevelopmental Delays in Children 0 to 5 Years of Age With Sickle Cell Disease: A Systematic Literature Review. 
  • Pediatric cardiovascular safety: challenges in drug and device development and clinical application. 
  • Performance on the dimensional change card sort and backward digit span by young children with autism without intellectual disability. 
  • Perinatal effects of drugs of abuse. 
  • Plasma Tryptophan and the Kynurenine-Tryptophan Ratio are Associated with the Acquisition of Statural Growth Deficits and Oral Vaccine Underperformance in Populations with Environmental Enteropathy. 
  • Pointing out new news, old news, and absent referents at 12 months of age. 
  • Polydrug-using adolescent mothers and their infants receiving early intervention. 
  • Poorer neurodevelopmental outcomes associated with cystoid macular edema identified in preterm infants in the intensive care nursery. 
  • Positive maternal mental health during pregnancy associated with specific forms of adaptive development in early childhood: Evidence from a longitudinal study. 
  • Potential neural mechanisms underlying the effectiveness of early intervention for children with autism spectrum disorder. 
  • Predicting developmental outcomes at school entry using a multiple-risk model: four American communities. The Conduct Problems Prevention Research Group. 
  • Preface. What is rational constructivism? 
  • Pregnancy course and outcomes in women with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. 
  • Prenatal Opioid Exposure: Neurodevelopmental Consequences and Future Research Priorities. 
  • Prenatal exposure to organophosphate esters and behavioral development in young children in the Pregnancy, Infection, and Nutrition Study. 
  • Preparation of children for hospitalization and surgery: a review of the literature. 
  • Preschoolers consider (absent) others when choosing a distribution procedure. 
  • Preschoolers refer to direct and indirect evidence in their collaborative reasoning. 
  • Preschoolers understand the normativity of cooperatively structured competition. 
  • Preschoolers use common ground in their justificatory reasoning with peers. 
  • Preschoolers value those who sanction non-cooperators. 
  • Presidential Address: Forging a developmental science mission to improve population outcomes and eliminate disparities for young children. 
  • Prevalence and causes of decreased visual acuity in Singaporean Chinese preschoolers. 
  • Promoting the young child's development in the intensive care unit 
  • Prospective Longitudinal Studies of Infant Siblings of Children With Autism: Lessons Learned and Future Directions. 
  • Psychiatric assessment of young children. 
  • Psychiatric diagnoses as contemporaneous risk factors for suicide attempts among adolescents and young adults: developmental changes. 
  • Random effects selection in linear mixed models. 
  • Randomized trial of early developmental intervention on outcomes in children after birth asphyxia in developing countries. 
  • Randomized, controlled trial of an intervention for toddlers with autism: the Early Start Denver Model. 
  • Rate of head growth decelerates and symptoms worsen in the second year of life in autism. 
  • Reactive and proactive aggression in school children and psychiatrically impaired chronically assaultive youth. 
  • Reasoning about knowledge: Children’s evaluations of generality and verifiability 
  • Recall memory in children with Down syndrome and typically developing peers matched on developmental age. 
  • Reframing the early childhood obesity prevention narrative through an equitable nurturing approach. 
  • Relationship of Maternal Psychological Distress Classes to Later Mother-Infant Interaction, Home Environment, and Infant Development in Preterm Infants. 
  • Research on discipline. The state of the art, deficits, and implications. 
  • Research priorities in adolescent psychiatry: report of the committee on research of the American Society for Adolescent Psychiatry. 
  • Residential neighborhood greenery and children's cognitive development. 
  • Returning to roots: on social information processing and moral development. 
  • Risk of neonatal and childhood morbidity among preterm infants exposed to marijuana. 
  • Risk status for dropping out of developmental followup for very low birth weight infants. 
  • Role of Pediatricians, Pediatric Associations, and Academic Departments in Ensuring Optimal Early Childhood Development Globally: Position Paper of the International Pediatric Association. 
  • Rule learning in autism: the role of reward type and social context. 
  • Safety and immunogenicity of tetanus diphtheria and acellular pertussis (Tdap) immunization during pregnancy in mothers and infants: a randomized clinical trial. 
  • Self-recognition in autistic children. 
  • Sensory Over-Responsivity: An Early Risk Factor for Anxiety and Behavioral Challenges in Young Children. 
  • Serotonin transporter-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) genotype and stressful life events interact to predict preschool-onset depression: a replication and developmental extension. 
  • Sex- and age-dependent effects of celiac disease on growth and weight gain in children with type 1 diabetes: Analysis of the type 1 diabetes Exchange Clinic Registry. 
  • Shaping emotion regulation: attunement, symptomatology, and stress recovery within mother-infant dyads. 
  • Shared intentionality. 
  • Sialylated Milk Oligosaccharides Promote Microbiota-Dependent Growth in Models of Infant Undernutrition. 
  • Situational approach to the assessment of social competence in children. 
  • Six-Year Neurodevelopmental Outcomes for Children With Single-Ventricle Physiology. 
  • Sleep problems and temperament in young children with Down syndrome and typically developing controls. 
  • Sleep-Wake States and Feeding Progression in Preterm Infants. 
  • Smoking and marijuana use in pregnancy. 
  • Social context effects in 2- and 4-year-olds’ selective versus faithful imitation. 
  • Social exchange and the developing syntax of moral orientation. 
  • Social isolation and mental health at primary and secondary school entry: a longitudinal cohort study. 
  • Social sampling: Children track social choices to reason about status hierarchies. 
  • Socially isolated children 20 years later: risk of cardiovascular disease. 
  • Specificity of putative psychosocial risk factors for psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents. 
  • Spontaneous resolution of a 13-mm Chiari malformation Type I in relation to differential growth of the posterior fossa volume. 
  • Static and dynamic cognitive deficits in childhood preceding adult schizophrenia: a 30-year study. 
  • Story recall by mentally retarded children. 
  • Studies of Pediatric Liver Transplantation (SPLIT): year 2000 outcomes. 
  • Symptom experiences of children and adolescents with cancer. 
  • Systems science and childhood obesity: a systematic review and new directions. 
  • Taking versus confronting visual perspectives in preschool children. 
  • Teaching versus enforcing game rules in preschoolers' peer interactions. 
  • Technical performance score is associated with outcomes after the Norwood procedure. 
  • Testing the programming of temperament and psychopathology in two independent samples of children with prenatal substance exposure. 
  • The Bayley-III scale may underestimate neurodevelopmental disability after cardiac surgery in infants. 
  • The Child as Econometrician: A Rational Model of Preference Understanding in Children 
  • The Fast Track intervention's impact on behaviors of despair in adolescence and young adulthood. 
  • The Great Smoky Mountains Study of Youth. Goals, design, methods, and the prevalence of DSM-III-R disorders. 
  • The MAL-ED study: a multinational and multidisciplinary approach to understand the relationship between enteric pathogens, malnutrition, gut physiology, physical growth, cognitive development, and immune responses in infants and children up to 2 years of age in resource-poor environments. 
  • The Rights of Children for Optimal Development and Nurturing Care. 
  • The Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales: supplementary norms for individuals with autism. 
  • The assessment of intention-cue detection skills in children: implications for developmental psychopathology. 
  • The challenging pupil in the classroom: the effect of the child on the teacher. 
  • The child is father of the man: personality continuities from childhood to adulthood. 
  • The consent process and children 
  • The contribution of grandmother involvement to child growth and development: an observational study in rural Pakistan. 
  • The contributions of early adverse experiences and trajectories of respiratory sinus arrhythmia on the development of neurobehavioral disinhibition among children with prenatal substance exposure. 
  • The development of coordination via joint expectations for shared benefits. 
  • The development of gyrification in childhood and adolescence. 
  • The development of memory maintenance: children's use of phonological rehearsal and attentional refreshment in working memory tasks. 
  • The development of the ability to recognize the meaning of iconic signs. 
  • The developmental epidemiology of anxiety disorders: phenomenology, prevalence, and comorbidity. 
  • The diagnostic utility of WISC-R measures with children referred to a developmental evaluation center. 
  • The effect of school-based kindergarten transition policies and practices on child academic outcomes. 
  • The effectiveness of the peer delivered Thinking Healthy Plus (THPP+) Programme for maternal depression and child socio-emotional development in Pakistan: study protocol for a three-year cluster randomized controlled trial. 
  • The emergence of chronic peer victimization in boys' play groups. 
  • The emergence of contingent reciprocity in young children. 
  • The impact of after-school peer contact on early adolescent externalizing problems is moderated by parental monitoring, perceived neighborhood safety, and prior adjustment. 
  • The impact of familial Mediterranean fever on women's health. 
  • The impact of infectious and allergic diseases on the quality of life. 
  • The implications of different developmental patterns of disruptive behavior problems for school adjustment 
  • The infant separates himself from his mother. 
  • The natural history of change in intellectual performance: who changes? How much? Is it meaningful? 
  • The promise of the state space approach to time series analysis for nursing research. 
  • The psychosocial aspects of adolescent pregnancy: a dental perspective. 
  • The relation between young children's physiological arousal and their motivation to help others. 
  • The relationship of poor linear growth velocity with neonatal illness and two-year neurodevelopment in preterm infants. 
  • The role of early experience in shaping behavioral and brain development and its implications for social policy. 
  • The role of pronouns in young children's acquisition of the English transitive construction. 
  • The role of zinc and iron-folic acid supplementation on early child temperament and eating behaviors in rural Nepal: a randomized controlled trial. 
  • The science of youth violence prevention. Progressing from developmental epidemiology to efficacy to effectiveness to public policy. 
  • The structure of individual differences in the cognitive abilities of children and chimpanzees. 
  • Three-Year-Olds' Reactions to a Partner's Failure to Perform Her Role in a Joint Commitment. 
  • Three-year change in the wellbeing of orphaned and separated children in institutional and family-based care settings in five low- and middle-income countries. 
  • Three-year-olds understand appearance and reality--just not about the same object at the same time. 
  • Three-year-olds' understanding of the consequences of joint commitments. 
  • Timing of cochlear implantation and parents' global ratings of children's health and development. 
  • Toddlers Help a Peer. 
  • Toddlers' emerging ways of achieving social coordinations with a peer 
  • Toward population impact from early childhood psychological interventions. 
  • Tradeoffs between immune function and childhood growth among Amazonian forager-horticulturalists. 
  • Training in adolescent psychiatry for general psychiatry residents: elements of a model curriculum. 
  • Trajectories of physical discipline: early childhood antecedents and developmental outcomes. 
  • Transitions into underage and problem drinking: developmental processes and mechanisms between 10 and 15 years of age. 
  • Transplantation of umbilical-cord blood in babies with infantile Krabbe's disease. 
  • Transpyloric tube feeding in very low birthweight infants with suspected gastroesophageal reflux: impact on apnea and bradycardia. 
  • Treatment and prophylaxis of invasive candidiasis. 
  • Twelve- and 18-month-olds copy actions in terms of goals. 
  • Twelve-month-olds point to share attention and interest. 
  • Two- and 3-year-olds integrate linguistic and pedagogical cues in guiding inductive generalization and exploration. 
  • Tympanostomy tube outcomes in children at-risk and not at-risk for developmental delays. 
  • Unwilling versus unable: infants' understanding of intentional action. 
  • Use of barbiturate therapy in severe perinatal asphyxia: a randomized controlled trial. 
  • Use of medications for gastroesophageal reflux at discharge among extremely low birth weight infants. 
  • Use of videotaped interactions during pediatric well-child care: impact at 33 months on parenting and on child development. 
  • Validation of association of the apolipoprotein E ε2 allele with neurodevelopmental dysfunction after cardiac surgery in neonates and infants. 
  • Varieties of altruism in children and chimpanzees. 
  • Vestibular Dysfunction and Gross Motor Milestone Acquisition in Children With Hearing Loss: A Systematic Review. 
  • What I don’t know won’t hurt you: The relation between professed ignorance and later knowledge claims. 
  • What Is a Group? Young Children's Perceptions of Different Types of Groups and Group Entitativity. 
  • What effect does classroom separation have on twins' behavior, progress at school, and reading abilities? 
  • What hinders child semantic computation: children's universal quantification and the development of cognitive control. 
  • What's in a manner of speaking? Children's sensitivity to partner-specific referential precedents. 
  • What's in a name? A comparison of methods for classifying predominant type of maltreatment. 
  • Why do children from socioeconomically disadvantaged families suffer from poor health when they reach adulthood? A life-course study. 
  • Workshop to identify critical windows of exposure for children's health: reproductive health in children and adolescents work group summary. 
  • Young Children Understand the Role of Agreement in Establishing Arbitrary Norms-But Unanimity Is Key. 
  • Young Children's Ability to Produce Valid and Relevant Counter-Arguments. 
  • Young German children's early syntactic competence: a preferential looking study. 
  • Young children are more willing to accept group decisions in which they have had a voice. 
  • Young children bet on their numerical skills: metacognition in the numerical domain. 
  • Young children consider individual authority and collective agreement when deciding who can change rules 
  • Young children create iconic gestures to inform others. 
  • Young children create partner-specific referential pacts with peers. 
  • Young children follow pointing over words in interpreting acts of reference. 
  • Young children understand multiple pretend identities in their object play. 
  • Young children use pedagogical cues to modulate the strength of normative inferences. 
  • Young children's prosocial responses toward peers and adults in two social contexts. 
  • Young children's reputational strategies in a peer group context. 
  • Young children's responses to guilt displays. 
  • Young children's understanding of denial. 
  • Young children's understanding of joint commitments. 
  • Young children's understanding of the context-relativity of normative rules in conventional games. 
  • [A study of suitable age for intraocular lens implantation in children according to ocular anatomy and development]. 
  • “Who can help me fix this toy?” The distinction between causal knowledge and word knowledge guides preschoolers\textquotesingle selective requests for information. 
• 

  Keywords of People

  • Asher, Steven R., Professor of Psychology and Neuroscience, Psychology & Neuroscience
  • Badea, Cristian Tudorel, Professor in Radiology, Biomedical Engineering
  • Cohen-Wolkowiez, Michael, Professor of Pediatrics, Pediatrics, Infectious Diseases
  • Dodge, Kenneth A., William McDougall Distinguished Professor of Public Policy Studies, Duke Science & Society
  • Gaffrey, Michael Santo, Assistant Professor of Psychology and Neuroscience, Center for Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Gassman-Pines, Anna, Professor in the Sanford School of Public Policy, Duke Science & Society
  • Milojevich, Helen, Research Scientist, Child & Family Policy
  • Whetten, Kathryn, Professor in the Sanford School of Public Policy, School of Nursing