Pan troglodytes

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  Subject Areas on Research

  • 'Impact hunters' catalyse cooperative hunting in two wild chimpanzee communities. 
  • 'Unwilling' versus 'unable': chimpanzees' understanding of human intentional action. 
  • A Y-chromosomal DNA fragment is conserved in human and chimpanzee. 
  • A fruit in the hand or two in the bush? Divergent risk preferences in chimpanzees and bonobos. 
  • A microsporidan contaminant of a nonhuman primate cell culture: ultrastructural comparison with Nosema connori. 
  • A monoclonal antibody reactive with a second epitope of the 67,000-dalton human T cell antigen. 
  • A pipeline to determine RT-QPCR control genes for evolutionary studies: application to primate gene expression across multiple tissues. 
  • A potential role for glucose transporters in the evolution of human brain size. 
  • A retrospective analysis of factors correlated to chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) respiratory health at Gombe National Park, Tanzania. 
  • A single amino acid difference in the host APOBEC3G protein controls the primate species specificity of HIV type 1 virion infectivity factor. 
  • Abundant gene conversion between arms of palindromes in human and ape Y chromosomes. 
  • Accessory atrioventricular pathway in an infant: prediction of location with body surface maps and ablation with cryosurgery. 
  • Adult male chimpanzees inherit maternal ranging patterns. 
  • Aging and fertility patterns in wild chimpanzees provide insights into the evolution of menopause. 
  • Aging in the natural world: comparative data reveal similar mortality patterns across primates. 
  • Alpha male chimpanzee grooming patterns: implications for dominance "style". 
  • Amplification of a complete simian immunodeficiency virus genome from fecal RNA of a wild chimpanzee. 
  • An adenovirus-based HIV subtype B prime/boost vaccine regimen elicits antibodies mediating broad antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity against non-subtype B HIV strains. 
  • An archive of longitudinal recordings of the vocalizations of adult Gombe chimpanzees. 
  • Analysis of the immune responses in chimpanzees infected with HIV type 1 isolates. 
  • Ancestral population genomics: the coalescent hidden Markov model approach. 
  • Antibodies that inhibit fusion of human immunodeficiency virus-infected cells bind a 24-amino acid sequence of the viral envelope, gp120. 
  • Antibody-dependent enhancement of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection in vitro by serum from HIV-1-infected and passively immunized chimpanzees. 
  • Apes in Africa: The cultured chimpanzees. 
  • Assessing the psychological health of captive and wild apes: a response to Ferdowsian et al. (2011). 
  • Biomechanical implications of intraspecific shape variation in chimpanzee crania: moving toward an integration of geometric morphometrics and finite element analysis. 
  • Bipedal and quadrupedal locomotion in chimpanzees. 
  • Body language: The interplay between positional behavior and gestural signaling in the genus Pan and its implications for language evolution. 
  • Bonobo but not chimpanzee infants use socio-sexual contact with peers. 
  • Bonobos and chimpanzees exhibit human-like framing effects. 
  • Bonobos exhibit delayed development of social behavior and cognition relative to chimpanzees. 
  • Bonobos have a more human-like second-to-fourth finger length ratio (2D:4D) than chimpanzees: a hypothesized indication of lower prenatal androgens. 
  • Buccal dental microwear variability in extant African Hominoidea: taxonomy versus ecology. 
  • CD4 receptor diversity in chimpanzees protects against SIV infection. 
  • Causes of death in the Kasekela chimpanzees of Gombe National Park, Tanzania. 
  • Cerebrovascular accident (stroke) in captive, group-housed, female chimpanzees. 
  • Characterization of a chimpanzee anti-human melanoma antiserum. 
  • Characterization of chimpanzee leukocyte alloantisera. 
  • Characterization of melanoma cell membrane tumor-associated antigens using xenoserum, alloserum, and autoserum: I. immunofluorescence. 
  • Children, chimpanzees, and bonobos adjust the visibility of their actions for cooperators and competitors. 
  • Chimpanzee and human Y chromosomes are remarkably divergent in structure and gene content. 
  • Chimpanzee females queue but males compete for social status. 
  • Chimpanzee locomotor energetics and the origin of human bipedalism. 
  • Chimpanzees and bonobos distinguish between risk and ambiguity. 
  • Chimpanzees and bonobos exhibit divergent spatial memory development. 
  • Chimpanzees and bonobos exhibit emotional responses to decision outcomes. 
  • Chimpanzees and humans harbour compositionally similar gut enterotypes. 
  • Chimpanzees deceive a human competitor by hiding. 
  • Chimpanzees recruit the best collaborators. 
  • Chimpanzees return favors at a personal cost. 
  • Chimpanzees, bonobos and children successfully coordinate in conflict situations. 
  • Chromosome-specific alpha-satellite DNA from the centromere of chimpanzee chromosome 4. 
  • Climbing and the daily energy cost of locomotion in wild chimpanzees: implications for hominoid locomotor evolution. 
  • Comparative Serum Challenges Show Divergent Patterns of Gene Expression and Open Chromatin in Human and Chimpanzee. 
  • Comparative expression analysis of the phosphocreatine circuit in extant primates: Implications for human brain evolution. 
  • Comparison of anti-HIV-1 ADCC reactivities in infected humans and chimpanzees. 
  • Complete genome analysis of one of the earliest SIVcpzPtt strains from Gabon (SIVcpzGAB2). 
  • Conservation of Y-linked genes during human evolution revealed by comparative sequencing in chimpanzee. 
  • Conversion of an immunogenic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) envelope synthetic peptide to a tolerogen in chimpanzees by the fusogenic domain of HIV gp41 envelope protein. 
  • Cross circulation between children in hepatic coma and chimpanzees. Clinical, biochemical, and coagulation observations. 
  • Cross-reactivity of primate alloantigens: absorption of anti-HL-A reactivity from human alloantisera by chimpanzee lymphocytes. 
  • Cytotoxicity reactions of chimpanzee antisera with human lymphocyte donors phenotyped or genotyped for HL-A. 
  • Demographic and ecological effects on patterns of parasitism in eastern chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) in Gombe National Park, Tanzania. 
  • Destabilization of the gut microbiome marks the end-stage of simian immunodeficiency virus infection in wild chimpanzees. 
  • Detection of diverse variants of human immunodeficiency virus-1 groups M, N, and O and simian immunodeficiency viruses from chimpanzees by using generic pol and env primer pairs. 
  • Differences in the cognitive skills of bonobos and chimpanzees. 
  • Differences in the early cognitive development of children and great apes. 
  • Different ontogenetic patterns of testosterone production reflect divergent male reproductive strategies in chimpanzees and bonobos. 
  • Differential changes in steroid hormones before competition in bonobos and chimpanzees. 
  • Direct and indirect reputation formation in nonhuman great apes (Pan paniscus, Pan troglodytes, Gorilla gorilla, Pongo pygmaeus) and human children (Homo sapiens). 
  • Diversity and evolution of the primate skin microbiome. 
  • Do juveniles help or hinder? Influence of juvenile offspring on maternal behavior and reproductive outcomes in wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). 
  • Early social exposure in wild chimpanzees: mothers with sons are more gregarious than mothers with daughters. 
  • Effective treatment of SIVcpz-induced immunodeficiency in a captive western chimpanzee. 
  • Emergence of the keratinocyte growth factor multigene family during the great ape radiation. 
  • Engineering DNA vaccines via co-delivery of co-stimulatory molecule genes. 
  • Evolutionary Divergence of Gene and Protein Expression in the Brains of Humans and Chimpanzees. 
  • Experimental basis for QRS and T wave potentials in the WPW syndrome. The relation of epicardial to body surface potential distributions in the intact chimpanzee. 
  • Experimental evaluation of microsurgical techniques in small artery anastomoses. 
  • Expression of T-lymphoblast-encoded HLA-DR, MT, and SB antigens on human T-B lymphoblast hybrids. 
  • Extensive changes in the expression of the opioid genes between humans and chimpanzees. 
  • FOXP2 variation in great ape populations offers insight into the evolution of communication skills. 
  • Factors associated with the diversification of the gut microbial communities within chimpanzees from Gombe National Park. 
  • Female competition in chimpanzees. 
  • Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis of keratinocyte growth factor gene amplification and dispersion in evolution of great apes and humans. 
  • Foci of endemic simian immunodeficiency virus infection in wild-living eastern chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii). 
  • From nest to nest--influence of ecology and reproduction on the active period of adult Gombe chimpanzees. 
  • Functional consequences of genetic variation in primates on tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expression in vitro. 
  • Functional evolution of mammalian odorant receptors. 
  • Functional morphology of the Neandertal scapular glenoid fossa. 
  • Gene expression and adaptive noncoding changes during human evolution. 
  • Generation of infectious molecular clones of simian immunodeficiency virus from fecal consensus sequences of wild chimpanzees. 
  • Genetic absolute dating based on microsatellites and the origin of modern humans. 
  • Genetic and 'cultural' similarity in wild chimpanzees. 
  • Genetic variation in a human odorant receptor alters odour perception. 
  • Great ape genetic diversity and population history. 
  • Great apes anticipate that other individuals will act according to false beliefs. 
  • Great apes distinguish true from false beliefs in an interactive helping task. 
  • Has the chimpanzee Y chromosome been sequenced? 
  • Heterologous prime/boost immunizations of rhesus monkeys using chimpanzee adenovirus vectors. 
  • High spatial resolution proteomic comparison of the brain in humans and chimpanzees. 
  • Histocompatibility testing and mixed lymphocyte culture responses in chimpanzee families. 
  • Histocompatibility testing in chimpanzee families. 
  • How chimpanzees cooperate: If dominance is artificially constrained. 
  • Human B cell alloantigens: expression of MB and MT determinants. 
  • Human immunodeficiency virus vaccines. 
  • Human impacts, disease risk, and population dynamics in the chimpanzees of Gombe National Park, Tanzania. 
  • Human melanoma and leukemia associated antigens difined by nonhuman primate antisera. 
  • Human-chimpanzee differences in a FZD8 enhancer alter cell-cycle dynamics in the developing neocortex. 
  • Humans have evolved specialized skills of social cognition: the cultural intelligence hypothesis. 
  • Hybrid origin of SIV in chimpanzees. 
  • Hyperprogesteronemia in response to Vitex fischeri consumption in wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii). 
  • I'll be a monkey's uncle: a moral challenge to human genetic enhancement research. 
  • Identification of gp120 regions targeted by a highly potent neutralizing antiserum elicited in a chimpanzee inoculated with a primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolate. 
  • Identifying candidate causal variants responsible for altered activity of the ABCB1 multidrug resistance gene. 
  • Immune response of chimpanzee to purified melanoma 250 kilodalton tumor-associated antigen. 
  • Immunodiagnosis of melanoma using chimpanzee antihuman melanoma antiserum. 
  • Immunologic studies on T and B lymphocytes in chimpanzees: effects of thymectomy and irradiation. 
  • Impact of simian immunodeficiency virus infection on chimpanzee population dynamics. 
  • Incomplete control and concessions explain mating skew in male chimpanzees. 
  • Increased mortality and AIDS-like immunopathology in wild chimpanzees infected with SIVcpz. 
  • Induction and characterization of neutralizing antibodies against a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 primary isolate. 
  • Insights from a chimpanzee adipose stromal cell population: opportunities for adult stem cells to expand primate functional genomics. 
  • Internal Bone Architecture in the Zygoma of Human and Pan. 
  • Isolation and characterization of an alphoid centromeric repeat family from the human Y chromosome. 
  • Joint report of first histocompatibility workshop on primates. 
  • Lethal aggression in Pan is better explained by adaptive strategies than human impacts. 
  • Longitudinal recordings of the vocalizations of immature Gombe chimpanzees for developmental studies. 
  • Maturation is prolonged and variable in female chimpanzees. 
  • Mechanical evidence that Australopithecus sediba was limited in its ability to eat hard foods. 
  • Metabolic acceleration and the evolution of human brain size and life history. 
  • Metacarpal head biomechanics: a comparative backscattered electron image analysis of trabecular bone mineral density in Pan troglodytes, Pongo pygmaeus, and Homo sapiens. 
  • Microsatellite mutation models: insights from a comparison of humans and chimpanzees. 
  • Mixed-lymphocyte-culture responses in chimpanzee families. 
  • Molecular ecology and natural history of simian foamy virus infection in wild-living chimpanzees. 
  • Morphological Identification of Hair Recovered from Feces for Detection of Cannibalism in Eastern Chimpanzees. 
  • Mortality rates among wild chimpanzees. 
  • Muscle force production during bent-knee, bent-hip walking in humans. 
  • Neutralization properties of simian immunodeficiency viruses infecting chimpanzees and gorillas. 
  • Non-human to human organ transplantation: its biologic basis and a potential role for radiation therapy. 
  • Non-invasive body temperature measurement of wild chimpanzees using fecal temperature decline. 
  • Noninvasive paternity assignment in Gombe chimpanzees. 
  • Novel circular DNA viruses in stool samples of wild-living chimpanzees. 
  • Novel repression of Kcc2 transcription by REST-RE-1 controls developmental switch in neuronal chloride. 
  • Origin of HIV-1 in the chimpanzee Pan troglodytes troglodytes. 
  • Origin of body surface QRS and T wave potentials from epicardial potential distributions in the intact chimpanzee. 
  • Pathogen flow: what we need to know. 
  • Patterns of innervation of outer hair cells in a chimpanzee: I. Afferent and reciprocal synapses. 
  • Patterns of innervation of outer hair cells in a chimpanzee: II. Efferent endings. 
  • Personality in the chimpanzees of Gombe National Park. 
  • Perspectives on the development of anti-HIV vaccines. 
  • Phenotypic quality influences fertility in Gombe chimpanzees. 
  • Population genetic and phylogenetic evidence for positive selection on regulatory mutations at the factor VII locus in humans. 
  • Postexposure immunoprophylaxis of primary isolates by an antibody to HIV receptor complex. 
  • Predation by female chimpanzees: Toward an understanding of sex differences in meat acquisition in the last common ancestor of Pan and Homo. 
  • Preparation and characterization of an intravenous solution of IgG from human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive donors. 
  • Promoter regions of many neural- and nutrition-related genes have experienced positive selection during human evolution. 
  • Psychological health of orphan bonobos and chimpanzees in African sanctuaries. 
  • Reaching around barriers: the performance of the great apes and 3-5-year-old children. 
  • Recombination rate variation in closely related species. 
  • Recombining without Hotspots: A Comprehensive Evolutionary Portrait of Recombination in Two Closely Related Species of Drosophila. 
  • Reliance on head versus eyes in the gaze following of great apes and human infants: the cooperative eye hypothesis. 
  • Replacement of intervertebral discs in chimpanzees by silicone-dacron implants: a preliminary report. 
  • Replicating rather than nonreplicating adenovirus-human immunodeficiency virus recombinant vaccines are better at eliciting potent cellular immunity and priming high-titer antibodies. 
  • Reproductive state and rank influence patterns of meat consumption in wild female chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii). 
  • Resistance to neutralizing antibody and expanded coreceptor usage are associated with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates derived from chimpanzees with pathogenic infections. 
  • SIV-induced instability of the chimpanzee gut microbiome. 
  • SIVcpz in wild chimpanzees. 
  • Science priorities. Inappropriate use and portrayal of chimpanzees. 
  • Search for the origin of HIV and AIDS. 
  • Serological response of non-human primates to human melanoma disialoganglioside GD3. 
  • Serological responses in chimpanzees inoculated with human immunodeficiency virus glycoprotein (gp120) subunit vaccine. 
  • Sex differences in learning in chimpanzees. 
  • Sexually coercive male chimpanzees sire more offspring. 
  • Signature Patterns of MHC Diversity in Three Gombe Communities of Wild Chimpanzees Reflect Fitness in Reproduction and Immune Defense against SIVcpz. 
  • Skeletal pathology in Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii in Kibale National Park, Uganda. 
  • Social behavior shapes the chimpanzee pan-microbiome. 
  • Social disappointment explains chimpanzees' behaviour in the inequity aversion task. 
  • Socioecological correlates of clinical signs in two communities of wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) at Gombe National Park, Tanzania. 
  • Spontaneous altruism by chimpanzees and young children. 
  • Spontaneous triadic engagement in bonobos (Pan paniscus) and chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). 
  • Strict evolutionary conservation followed rapid gene loss on human and rhesus Y chromosomes. 
  • Summary of the proceedings of the second international workshop on transplantation genetics of nonhuman primates. 
  • Synthesis and SAR of pyrimidine-based, non-nucleotide P2Y14 receptor antagonists. 
  • Testing the social dog hypothesis: are dogs also more skilled than chimpanzees in non-communicative social tasks? 
  • The Laetoli footprints and early hominin locomotor kinematics. 
  • The Time Scale of Recombination Rate Evolution in Great Apes. 
  • The contribution of long-term research at Gombe National Park to chimpanzee conservation. 
  • The development and flexibility of gaze alternations in bonobos and chimpanzees. 
  • The domestication of social cognition in dogs. 
  • The evolutionary dynamics of alpha-satellite. 
  • The evolutionary origins of human patience: temporal preferences in chimpanzees, bonobos, and human adults. 
  • The foot of Homo naledi. 
  • The hand of Homo naledi. 
  • The hypoglossal canal and the origin of human vocal behavior. 
  • The identification of 4,7-disubstituted naphthoic acid derivatives as UDP-competitive antagonists of P2Y14. 
  • The immune response to HIV: implications for vaccine development. 
  • The impact of HIV-1 infection on phenotypic and functional parameters of cellular immunity in chimpanzees. 
  • The influence of dominance rank on the reproductive success of female chimpanzees. 
  • The metabolic cost of walking in humans, chimpanzees, and early hominins. 
  • The relationship between social play and developmental milestones in wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii). 
  • The structure of individual differences in the cognitive abilities of children and chimpanzees. 
  • The timing and causes of a unique chimpanzee community fission preceding Gombe's "Four-Year War". 
  • The use of non-human primates for production of antisera to human tumor-associated antigens. 
  • Timing the ancestor of the HIV-1 pandemic strains. 
  • Tissue antigens of man and chimpanzees; their role in xenografting. 
  • Tolerance allows bonobos to outperform chimpanzees on a cooperative task. 
  • Trabecular evidence for a human-like gait in Australopithecus africanus. 
  • Understanding hind limb weight support in chimpanzees with implications for the evolution of primate locomotion. 
  • Use of "entertainment" chimpanzees in commercials distorts public perception regarding their conservation status. 
  • Using retrospective health data from the Gombe chimpanzee study to inform future monitoring efforts. 
  • Vaccine-induced protection of chimpanzees against infection by a heterologous human immunodeficiency virus type 1. 
  • Vascularization and the gliding mechanism of free flexor-tendon grafts inserted by the silicone-rod method. 
  • What's in a frame? Response to Kanngiesser & Woike (2016). 
  • What's in it for me? Self-regard precludes altruism and spite in chimpanzees. 
  • Young children, but not chimpanzees, are averse to disadvantageous and advantageous inequities. 
  • [Basis for a specific-active immunotherapy in malignant melanoma]. 
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  Keywords of People

  • Pusey, Anne, James B. Duke Professor Emerita of Evolutionary Anthropology, Evolutionary Anthropology
  • Weinhold, Kent James, Joseph W. and Dorothy W. Beard Professor of Experimental Surgery, in the School of Medicine, Immunology
  • Wray, Gregory Allan, Professor of Biology, Duke Innovation & Entrepreneurship