Cholinesterase Inhibitors

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  Subject Areas on Research

  • A mechanism-based complementary screening approach for the amelioration and reversal of neurobehavioral teratogenicity. 
  • A randomized, placebo-controlled study of the efficacy and safety of sertraline in the treatment of the behavioral manifestations of Alzheimer's disease in outpatients treated with donepezil. 
  • Acute exposure to sarin increases blood brain barrier permeability and induces neuropathological changes in the rat brain: dose-response relationships. 
  • Acute sarin exposure causes differential regulation of choline acetyltransferase, acetylcholinesterase, and acetylcholine receptors in the central nervous system of the rat. 
  • Advances in pharmacotherapy for decline of memory and cognition in patients with Alzheimer's disease. 
  • Advances in the diagnosis of neuromuscular junction disorders. 
  • Alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors targeted by cholinergic developmental neurotoxicants: nicotine and chlorpyrifos. 
  • Alterations in serotonin transporter expression in brain regions of rats exposed neonatally to chlorpyrifos. 
  • Ameliorating the developmental neurotoxicity of chlorpyrifos: a mechanisms-based approach in PC12 cells. 
  • An unsubstantiated conclusion. 
  • Assessment of the delayed neurotoxicity of tributyl phosphate, tributoxyethyl phosphate, and dibutylphenyl phosphate. 
  • Autoimmune disorders of neuromuscular transmission. 
  • Autoimmune myasthenia gravis: emerging clinical and biological heterogeneity. 
  • Benzo[a]pyrene impairs neurodifferentiation in PC12 cells. 
  • Beyond Thiamine: Treatment for Cognitive Impairment in Korsakoff's Syndrome. 
  • Binding of pyridostigmine bromide, N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide and permethrin, alone and in combinations, to human serum albumin. 
  • Biological evaluation of some biphenyl analogs of acetyl-seco-hemicholinium No. 3. 
  • Biological evaluation of some norphenyl analogs of hemicholinium No. 3 and acetyl-seco-hemicholinium No. 3. 
  • Biological evaluation of some terphenyl analogs of hemicholinium No. 3. 
  • Biosensor system for continuous monitoring of organophosphate aerosols. 
  • Cellular mechanisms for developmental toxicity of chlorpyrifos: targeting the adenylyl cyclase signaling cascade. 
  • Characterization of procaine metabolism as probe for the butyrylcholinesterase enzyme investigation by simultaneous determination of procaine and its metabolite using capillary electrophoresis with electrochemiluminescence detection. 
  • Chemical and pharmacokinetic considerations in structure-activity relationships: panel discussion. 
  • Chlorpyrifos affects phenotypic outcomes in a model of mammalian neurodevelopment: critical stages targeting differentiation in PC12 cells. 
  • Chlorpyrifos exposure during a critical neonatal period elicits gender-selective deficits in the development of coordination skills and locomotor activity. 
  • Chlorpyrifos exposure during neurulation: cholinergic synaptic dysfunction and cellular alterations in brain regions at adolescence and adulthood. 
  • Chlorpyrifos oxon binds directly to muscarinic receptors and inhibits cAMP accumulation in rat striatum. 
  • Cholinergic Stimulation Improves Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Experimental Myocardial Infarction. 
  • Cholinergic systems in brain development and disruption by neurotoxicants: nicotine, environmental tobacco smoke, organophosphates. 
  • Cholinergic therapy for Down's syndrome. 
  • Cholinesterase inhibitors and Pisa syndrome: a pharmacovigilance study. 
  • Cholinesterase inhibitors as adjunctive therapy in patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder: a review and meta-analysis of the literature. 
  • Chromatographic method for the determination of diazepam, pyridostigmine bromide, and their metabolites in rat plasma and urine. 
  • Clinical and radiological characteristics of early versus late mild cognitive impairment in patients with comorbid depressive disorder. 
  • Co-exposure to pyridostigmine bromide, DEET, and/or permethrin causes sensorimotor deficit and alterations in brain acetylcholinesterase activity. 
  • Combination drug therapy for Alzheimer's disease: what is evidence-based, and what is not? 
  • Combination therapy for early Alzheimer's disease: what are we waiting for? 
  • Combined exposure to sarin and pyridostigmine bromide increased levels of rat urinary 3-nitrotyrosine and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, biomarkers of oxidative stress. 
  • Comparative cardiovascular safety of dementia medications: a cross-national study. 
  • Comparative properties of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) and blue crab (Callinectes sapidus) acetylcholinesterases. 
  • Critical periods for the role of oxidative stress in the developmental neurotoxicity of chlorpyrifos and terbutaline, alone or in combination. 
  • Current and future treatments for cognitive deficits in dementia. 
  • Defining meaningful change in Alzheimer's disease trials: the donepezil experience. 
  • Dementia assessment and management. 
  • Dementia assessment and management. 
  • Design of the efficacy of prednisone in the treatment of ocular myasthenia (EPITOME) trial. 
  • Determination of depleted uranium, pyridostigmine bromide and its metabolite in plasma and urine following combined administration in rats. 
  • Development of a high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the quantification of chlorpyrifos, pyridostigmine bromide, N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide and their metabolites in rat plasma and urine. 
  • Developmental chlorpyrifos effects on hatchling zebrafish swimming behavior. 
  • Developmental cholinotoxicants: nicotine and chlorpyrifos. 
  • Developmental diazinon neurotoxicity in rats: later effects on emotional response. 
  • Developmental exposure to organophosphates triggers transcriptional changes in genes associated with Parkinson's disease in vitro and in vivo. 
  • Developmental neurotoxic effects of chlorpyrifos on acetylcholine and serotonin pathways in an avian model. 
  • Developmental neurotoxicity of chlorpyrifos modeled in vitro: comparative effects of metabolites and other cholinesterase inhibitors on DNA synthesis in PC12 and C6 cells. 
  • Developmental neurotoxicity of chlorpyrifos: delayed targeting of DNA synthesis after repeated administration. 
  • Developmental neurotoxicity of low dose diazinon exposure of neonatal rats: effects on serotonin systems in adolescence and adulthood. 
  • Developmental neurotoxicity of organophosphates targets cell cycle and apoptosis, revealed by transcriptional profiles in vivo and in vitro. 
  • Developmental neurotoxicity of parathion: progressive effects on serotonergic systems in adolescence and adulthood. 
  • Diazinon and parathion diverge in their effects on development of noradrenergic systems. 
  • Differential acetylcholinesterase inhibition of chlorpyrifos, diazinon and parathion in larval zebrafish. 
  • Differential alteration of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) mRNA in the central nervous system of hens treated with diisopropylphosphorofluoridate (DFP). 
  • Difficult behaviors in long-term care patients with dementia. 
  • Difficult behaviors in long-term care patients with dementia. 
  • Does this patient have myasthenia gravis? 
  • Donepezil Treatment in Patients With Depression and Cognitive Impairment on Stable Antidepressant Treatment: A Randomized Controlled Trial. 
  • Donepezil effects on language in children with Down syndrome: results of the first 22-week pilot clinical trial. 
  • Donepezil for Down's syndrome. 
  • Donepezil for the treatment of language deficits in adults with Down syndrome: a preliminary 24-week open trial. 
  • Donepezil for treatment of cognitive dysfunction in children with Down syndrome aged 10-17. 
  • Donepezil treatment of older adults with cognitive impairment and depression (DOTCODE study): clinical rationale and design. 
  • Donepezil use in Down syndrome. 
  • Early biochemical detection of delayed neurotoxicity resulting from developmental exposure to chloropyrifos. 
  • Early differential cell death and survival mechanisms initiate and contribute to the development of OPIDN: a study of molecular, cellular, and anatomical parameters. 
  • Effect of rivastigmine on delay to diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease from mild cognitive impairment: the InDDEx study. 
  • Effect of sulfur substitution for the noncarbonyl oxygen in hemicholinium-3 and acetyl-seco-hemicholinium-3. Synthesis, biological activity, and structure-toxicity relationships. 
  • Effective management of sarin exposure: simulation case scenario. 
  • Effects of Food and Drug Administration-approved medications for Alzheimer's disease on clinical progression. 
  • Effects of physostigmine on rat brain acetylcholine, acetylcholinesterase and conditioned pole jumping. 
  • Efficacy and safety of donepezil in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder: significant placebo/practice effects in a 12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. 
  • Efficacy of prednisone for the treatment of ocular myasthenia (EPITOME): A randomized, controlled trial. 
  • Emerging pharmacotherapy for cancer patients with cognitive dysfunction. 
  • Enhanced mRNA expression of neurofilament subunits in the brain and spinal cord of diisopropyl phosphorofluoridate-treated hens. 
  • Exposure of neonatal rats to parathion elicits sex-selective impairment of acetylcholine systems in brain regions during adolescence and adulthood. 
  • Gene expression profiles of the rat brain both immediately and 3 months following acute sarin exposure. 
  • Geriatric depression and cognitive impairment. 
  • Ginkgo and memory. 
  • Imbalances emerge in cardiac autonomic cell signaling after neonatal exposure to terbutaline or chlorpyrifos, alone or in combination. 
  • Immunosuppressive therapies in myasthenia gravis. 
  • Impact of ¹⁸F-florbetapir PET imaging of β-amyloid neuritic plaque density on clinical decision-making. 
  • In utero exposure to nicotine and chlorpyrifos alone, and in combination produces persistent sensorimotor deficits and Purkinje neuron loss in the cerebellum of adult offspring rats. 
  • In vitro metabolism and interactions of pyridostigmine bromide, N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide, and permethrin in human plasma and liver microsomal enzymes. 
  • Increased neurotoxicity following concurrent exposure to pyridostigmine bromide, DEET, and chlorpyrifos. 
  • Increasing uptake and bioactivation with development positively modulate diazinon toxicity in early life stage medaka (Oryzias latipes). 
  • Induction of urinary excretion of 3-nitrotyrosine, a marker of oxidative stress, following administration of pyridostigmine bromide, DEET (N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide) and permethrin, alone and in combination in rats. 
  • Inhibition and recovery of maternal and fetal cholinesterase enzyme activity following a single cutaneous dose of methyl parathion and diazinon, alone and in combination, in pregnant rats. 
  • Inhibition and recovery of maternal and fetal cholinesterase enzymes following a single oral dose of chlorpyrifos in rats. 
  • Inhibition of cholinesterase enzymes following a single dermal dose of chlorpyrifos and methyl parathion, alone and in combination, in pregnant rats. 
  • Interaction of pyridostigmine bromide and N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide alone and in combination with P-glycoprotein expressed in Escherichia coli leaky mutant. 
  • Interventions for mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease: new strategies, new hope. 
  • Is oxidative stress involved in the developmental neurotoxicity of chlorpyrifos? 
  • Kinetics of inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by spin labeled acetylcholine analogs. 
  • Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS). Clinical and electrodiagnostic features and response to therapy in 59 patients. 
  • Late acute, delayed neurotoxic and cholinergic effects of S,S,S-tributyl phosphorotrithioite (Merphos) in hens. 
  • Myasthenia gravis and pregnancy. 
  • Neonatal chlorpyrifos administration elicits deficits in immune function in adulthood: a neural effect? 
  • Neonatal chlorpyrifos exposure alters synaptic development and neuronal activity in cholinergic and catecholaminergic pathways. 
  • Neonatal chlorpyrifos exposure targets multiple proteins governing the hepatic adenylyl cyclase signaling cascade: implications for neurotoxicity. 
  • Neonatal exposure to low doses of diazinon: long-term effects on neural cell development and acetylcholine systems. 
  • Neonatal exposure to parathion alters lipid metabolism in adulthood: Interactions with dietary fat intake and implications for neurodevelopmental deficits. 
  • Neurotoxicity resulting from coexposure to pyridostigmine bromide, deet, and permethrin: implications of Gulf War chemical exposures. 
  • Neurotransmitter Imbalance in the Brain and Alzheimer's Disease Pathology. 
  • Nicotine is a developmental neurotoxicant and neuroprotectant: stage-selective inhibition of DNA synthesis coincident with shielding from effects of chlorpyrifos. 
  • Nonenzymatic functions of acetylcholinesterase splice variants in the developmental neurotoxicity of organophosphates: chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos oxon, and diazinon. 
  • Ontogenic expression of acetylcholinesterase activity in trachealis of young swine. 
  • Organophosphate exposure during a critical developmental stage reprograms adenylyl cyclase signaling in PC12 cells. 
  • Organophosphate insecticides target the serotonergic system in developing rat brain regions: disparate effects of diazinon and parathion at doses spanning the threshold for cholinesterase inhibition. 
  • Organophosphate-induced acetylcholinesterase inhibition and embryonic retinal cell necrosis in vivo in the teleost (Oryzias latipes). 
  • Oxidative mechanisms contributing to the developmental neurotoxicity of nicotine and chlorpyrifos. 
  • Patterns of Dementia Treatment and Frank Prescribing Errors in Older Adults With Parkinson Disease. 
  • Perinatal diazinon exposure compromises the development of acetylcholine and serotonin systems. 
  • Persistent cognitive alterations in rats after early postnatal exposure to low doses of the organophosphate pesticide, diazinon. 
  • Position statement of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry regarding principles of care for patients with dementia resulting from Alzheimer disease. 
  • Preferential cerebrospinal fluid acetylcholinesterase inhibition by rivastigmine in humans. 
  • Preliminary study of the safety and efficacy of donepezil hydrochloride in children with Down syndrome: a clinical report series. 
  • Prenatal chlorpyrifos exposure in rats causes persistent behavioral alterations. 
  • Preoperative preparation of patients with myasthenia gravis forestalls postoperative respiratory complications after thymectomy. 
  • Pyridostigmine bromide intake during the Persian Gulf War is not associated with postwar handgrip strength. 
  • Quantitative morphological assessment reveals neuronal and glial deficits in hippocampus after a brief subtoxic exposure to chlorpyrifos in neonatal rats. 
  • Randomized, placebo-controlled trial of the effects of donepezil on neuronal markers and hippocampal volumes in Alzheimer's disease. 
  • Response to the letter of Hanley et al. ([1999] Teratology 59:323-324), concerning the article by Roy et al. ([1998] Teratology 58:62-68) 
  • Rosiglitazone monotherapy in mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease: results from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III study. 
  • Safety and efficacy of rivastigmine in adolescents with Down syndrome: a preliminary 20-week, open-label study. 
  • Sarin (GB, O-isopropyl methylphosphonofluoridate) neurotoxicity: critical review. 
  • Sarin causes early differential alteration and persistent overexpression in mRNAs coding for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and vimentin genes in the central nervous system of rats. 
  • Sarin: health effects, metabolism, and methods of analysis. 
  • Screening for Adverse Drug Reactions in Dementia Patients on Cholinesterase Inhibitor Therapy. 
  • Screening for developmental neurotoxicity using PC12 cells: comparisons of organophosphates with a carbamate, an organochlorine, and divalent nickel. 
  • Sensorimotor deficit and cholinergic changes following coexposure with pyridostigmine bromide and sarin in rats. 
  • Simultaneous determination of pyridostigmine bromide, N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide, permethrin, and their metabolites in rat plasma and urine by high-performance liquid chromatography. 
  • Steroid treatment for myasthenia gravis: steroids have an important role. 
  • Stress and combined exposure to low doses of pyridostigmine bromide, DEET, and permethrin produce neurochemical and neuropathological alterations in cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum. 
  • Structure-activity relationships of noreperidine congeners on cholinesterase systems in vitro and analgesia in vivo. 
  • Supportive approaches for Alzheimer disease. 
  • Targeting of neurotrophic factors, their receptors, and signaling pathways in the developmental neurotoxicity of organophosphates in vivo and in vitro. 
  • Testicular germ-cell apoptosis in stressed rats following combined exposure to pyridostigmine bromide, N,N-diethyl m-toluamide (DEET), and permethrin. 
  • The effect of chlorothiazide on neurally mediated contraction of rabbit bronchial smooth muscle. 
  • The effect of cholinesterase inhibitors of SFEMG in myasthenia gravis. 
  • The inhibitory effect of metoclopramide on plasma cholinesterase activity. 
  • The organophosphate pesticide chlorpyrifos affects form deprivation myopia. 
  • The role of pharmacokinetics and metabolism in species sensitivity to neurotoxic agents. 
  • The treatment of patients with myasthenia gravis. 
  • Transcriptional profiles for glutamate transporters reveal differences between organophosphates but similarities with unrelated neurotoxicants. 
  • Treating cognitive deficits in multiple sclerosis: are we there yet? 
  • Update on Alzheimer's disease. Promising advances in detection and treatment. 
  • Use of neostigmine in the management of acute postoperative pain and labour pain: a review. 
  • Variation between three strains of rat: inhibition of neurotoxic esterase and acetylcholinesterase by tri-o-cresyl phosphate. 
  • What constitutes clinical evidence for neuroprotection in Alzheimer disease: support for the cholinesterase inhibitors? 
  • When should functional neuroimaging techniques be used in the diagnosis and management of Alzheimer's dementia? A decision analysis. 
  • [Cholinergic regulation of the sea urchin embryonic and larval development]. 
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  Keywords of People

  • Charles, Hal Cecil, Associate Professor of Radiology, Radiology