Conditioning, Operant

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  Subject Areas on Research

  • A computational model reveals classical conditioning mechanisms underlying visual signal detection in rats. 
  • A craniofacial-specific monosynaptic circuit enables heightened affective pain. 
  • A dopamine D1 receptor-dependent β-arrestin signaling complex potentially regulates morphine-induced psychomotor activation but not reward in mice. 
  • A note on behavioural contrast and frustation. 
  • A revised model of learned helplessness in humans. 
  • A wireless multi-channel recording system for freely behaving mice and rats. 
  • Acquisition of conditioned suppression and responsivity to thermal stimulation in spontaneously hypertensive, renal hypertensive and normotensive rats. 
  • Activity patterns in mesolimbic regions in rats during operant tasks for reward. 
  • Acute treatment with trimethyltin alters alcohol self-selection. 
  • Adolescent morphine exposure affects long-term microglial function and later-life relapse liability in a model of addiction. 
  • Analysis of a naturally occurring asymmetry in vertical smooth pursuit eye movements in a monkey. 
  • Anatomically dissociable effects of dopamine D1 receptor agonists on reward and relief of withdrawal in morphine-dependent rats. 
  • Appetitive conditioning and discriminatory learning in toads. 
  • Appetitive conditioning in neonatal rats: conditioned ingestive responding to stimuli paired with oral infusions of milk. 
  • Arginine vasopressin inoculates against age-related changes in temporal memory. 
  • Basal ganglia outputs map instantaneous position coordinates during behavior. 
  • Baseline hippocampal theta oscillation speeds correlate with rate of operant task acquisition. 
  • Behavioral and circuit basis of sucrose rejection by Drosophila females in a simple decision-making task. 
  • Behavioral and prolactin responses to 5-hydroxytryptophan in rats treated during development with 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine. 
  • Behavioral and psychological approaches to the assessment and treatment of chronic pain. 
  • Behavioral concepts in the analysis of chronic pain syndromes. 
  • Behavioral evaluation of perinatal PCB exposure in rhesus monkeys: fixed-interval performance and reinforcement-omission. 
  • Biofeedback: a possible treatment for Raynaud's disease. 
  • Blockade of NMDA receptors in the dorsomedial striatum prevents action-outcome learning in instrumental conditioning. 
  • Changes in S1 neural responses during tactile discrimination learning. 
  • Characterization of conditioned place preference to cocaine in congenic dopamine transporter knockout female mice. 
  • Cholecystokinin, diet palatability, and feeding regulation in rats. 
  • Cholinergic modulation of the content of temporal memory. 
  • Chronic nicotine interactions with clozapine and risperidone and attentional function in rats. 
  • Cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy for pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder. 
  • Comparison of discrete ratios by rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). 
  • Compound stimulus control by discriminative stimuli associated with high and moderate response rates. 
  • Conditioning changes in differential skin temperature. 
  • Critical validation studies of neurofeedback. 
  • Decreased feeding associated with acute hypoxia in rats. 
  • Deductive reasoning in pigeons. 
  • Differences in extracellular dopamine concentrations in the nucleus accumbens during response-dependent and response-independent cocaine administration in the rat. 
  • Differential effects of non-nicotine tobacco constituent compounds on nicotine self-administration in rats. 
  • Differential vocalization in budgerigars: towards an experimental analysis of naming. 
  • Digital temperature autoregulation and associated cardiovascular changes. 
  • Dynamic changes in single unit activity and γ oscillations in a thalamocortical circuit during rapid instrumental learning. 
  • Dynamics of time discrimination. 
  • Early-life experience decreases drug-induced reinstatement of morphine CPP in adulthood via microglial-specific epigenetic programming of anti-inflammatory IL-10 expression. 
  • Editorial: choice studies in transition. 
  • Effect of R3487/MEM3454, a novel nicotinic alpha7 receptor partial agonist and 5-HT3 antagonist on sustained attention in rats. 
  • Effect of lesions in the amygdala on behavioral contrast. 
  • Effects of a verbal warning and overcorrection on stereotyped and appropriate behaviors. 
  • Effects of caudate lesions on signaled and nonsignaled Sidman avoidance in the rat. 
  • Effects of chronic phencyclidine on fixed-ratio responding: no relation to neurotransmitter receptor binding in rat cerebral cortex. 
  • Effects of chronic sazetidine-A, a selective α4β2 neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors desensitizing agent on pharmacologically-induced impaired attention in rats. 
  • Effects of context novelty vs. familiarity on latent inhibition with a conditioned taste aversion procedure. 
  • Effects of controlled nicotine doses upon punished and non-punished responding in humans. 
  • Effects of dopaminergic drugs on working and reference memory in rats. 
  • Effects of ibogaine on responding maintained by food, cocaine and heroin reinforcement in rats. 
  • Effects of nicotine and mecamylamine on choice accuracy in an operant visual signal detection task in female rats. 
  • Effects of periadolescent versus adult cocaine exposure on cocaine conditioned place preference and motor sensitization in mice. 
  • Effects of priming duration on retention over the first 1 1/2 years of life. 
  • Effects of tobacco smoke constituents, anabasine and anatabine, on memory and attention in female rats. 
  • Effects of variable and fixed second-order schedules on schedule-induced polydipsia in the rat. 
  • Elevations of FosB in the nucleus accumbens during forced cocaine abstinence correlate with divergent changes in reward function. 
  • Elimination of GRK2 from cholinergic neurons reduces behavioral sensitivity to muscarinic receptor activation. 
  • Emergent coordination underlying learning to reach to grasp with a brain-machine interface. 
  • Escalated or suppressed cocaine reward, tegmental BDNF, and accumbal dopamine caused by episodic versus continuous social stress in rats. 
  • Food reward in the absence of taste receptor signaling. 
  • Foundation and practice of neurofeedback for the treatment of epilepsy. 
  • Frontal and parietal cortical ensembles predict single-trial muscle activity during reaching movements in primates. 
  • Genetic deletion of A2A adenosine receptors in the striatum selectively impairs habit formation. 
  • Hippocampus, time, and memory. 
  • IV nicotine self-administration in rats using a consummatory operant licking response: sensitivity to serotonergic, glutaminergic and histaminergic drugs. 
  • IV nicotine self-administration in rats using the consummatory operant licking response. 
  • Inactivation of dorsolateral striatum enhances sensitivity to changes in the action-outcome contingency in instrumental conditioning. 
  • Increased rewarding properties of morphine in dopamine-transporter knockout mice. 
  • Inputs from the ipsilateral and contralateral vestibular apparatus to behaviorally characterized abducens neurons in rhesus monkeys. 
  • Instrumental learning in hyperdopaminergic mice. 
  • Interval timing and the encoding of signal duration by ensembles of cortical and striatal neurons. 
  • Interval timing as an emergent learning property. 
  • Lesions of dorsolateral striatum preserve outcome expectancy but disrupt habit formation in instrumental learning. 
  • Licking-induced synchrony in the taste-reward circuit improves cue discrimination during learning. 
  • Long-term effects of chronic intermittent ethanol exposure in adolescent and adult rats: radial-arm maze performance and operant food reinforced responding. 
  • Long-term effects of chronic postnatal lead exposure on delayed spatial alternation in monkeys. 
  • Long-term lead effects on the Hamilton Search Task and delayed alternation in monkeys. 
  • Mechanisms of action selection and timing in substantia nigra neurons. 
  • Metacognition in monkeys during an oculomotor task. 
  • Methods for studying habitual behavior in mice. 
  • Methylphenidate does not influence smoking-reinforced responding or attentional performance in adult smokers with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). 
  • Mouse model of OPRM1 (A118G) polymorphism has sex-specific effects on drug-mediated behavior. 
  • Neuroanatomical localization of an internal clock: a functional link between mesolimbic, nigrostriatal, and mesocortical dopaminergic systems. 
  • Neurofeedback treatment of epilepsy: from basic rationale to practical application. 
  • Nicotine and clozapine effects on attentional performance impaired by the NMDA antagonist dizocilpine in female rats. 
  • Nicotine effects on learning in zebrafish: the role of dopaminergic systems. 
  • Nicotine enhances stimulus detection performance of middle- and old-aged rats: a longitudinal study. 
  • Nicotine-alcohol interactions and attentional performance on an operant visual signal detection task in female rats. 
  • Nicotinic-glutamatergic interactions and attentional performance on an operant visual signal detection task in female rats. 
  • Numerical subtraction in the pigeon: evidence for a linear subjective number scale. 
  • Nutrients that modify the speed of internal clock and memory storage processes. 
  • Ondansetron, given during the acute cocaine withdrawal, attenuates oral cocaine self-administration. 
  • Operant conditioning. 
  • Operant conditioning: a new theoretical approach in psychosomatic medicine. 
  • Operant regulation of feeding: a static analysis. 
  • Operant self-stimulation of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra. 
  • Opioid Self-Administration is Attenuated by Early-Life Experience and Gene Therapy for Anti-Inflammatory IL-10 in the Nucleus Accumbens of Male Rats. 
  • Ordinal judgments in the rat: an understanding of longer and shorter for suprasecond, but not subsecond, durations. 
  • Osteoarthritic knee pain: a behavioral analysis. 
  • Pathway-Specific Striatal Substrates for Habitual Behavior. 
  • Potential interactions between GABAb and cholinergic systems: baclofen augments scopolamine-induced performance deficits in the eight-arm radial maze. 
  • Prefrontal cortical mechanisms underlying delayed alternation in mice. 
  • Prenatal choline supplementation increases sensitivity to contextual processing of temporal information. 
  • ProSAAS-derived peptides are regulated by cocaine and are required for sensitization to the locomotor effects of cocaine. 
  • Psychophysical correlates of contralateral efferent suppression. I. The role of the medial olivocochlear system in "central masking" in nonhuman primates. 
  • Rapid, accurate time estimation in zebrafish (Danio rerio). 
  • Region-specific impairments in striatal synaptic transmission and impaired instrumental learning in a mouse model of Angelman syndrome. 
  • Reinforcement frequency and body weight as determinants of motivated performance in hypothalamic hyperphagic rats. 
  • Removal of microglial-specific MyD88 signaling alters dentate gyrus doublecortin and enhances opioid addiction-like behaviors. 
  • Responses of intraparietal neurons to saccadic targets and visual distractors. 
  • Sazetidine-A, a selective alpha4beta2 nicotinic receptor desensitizing agent and partial agonist, reduces nicotine self-administration in rats. 
  • Sensory superstition on multiple interval schedules. 
  • Sex, stress, and fear: individual differences in conditioned learning. 
  • Sparing of Descending Axons Rescues Interneuron Plasticity in the Lumbar Cord to Allow Adaptive Learning After Thoracic Spinal Cord Injury. 
  • Spatial working and reference memory in rats bred for autonomic sensitivity to cholinergic stimulation: acquisition, accuracy, speed, and effects of cholinergic drugs. 
  • Species-specific behavior and acquisition of avoidance behavior in rats. 
  • Speed and accuracy of taste identification and palatability: impact of learning, reward expectancy, and consummatory licking. 
  • The behavioral economics of choice and interval timing. 
  • The dynamics of operant conditioning. 
  • The effects of interval duration on temporal tracking and alternation learning. 
  • The nicotinic antagonist mecamylamine preferentially inhibits cocaine vs. food self-administration in rats. 
  • The novel, selective, brain-penetrant neuropeptide Y Y2 receptor antagonist, JNJ-31020028, tested in animal models of alcohol consumption, relapse, and anxiety. 
  • The operant assessment of taste discrimination. 
  • The role of pedunculopontine nucleus in choice behavior under risk. 
  • The role of the dorsomedial striatum in instrumental conditioning. 
  • Threshold of adulthood for the onset of nicotine self-administration in male and female rats. 
  • Time and memory: towards a pacemaker-free theory of interval timing. 
  • Timescale invariance and Weber's law in choice. 
  • Timing for the absence of a stimulus: the gap paradigm reversed. 
  • Two-step acquisition: modification of an internal clock's criterion. 
  • Waiting in pigeons: the effects of daily intercalation on temporal discrimination. 
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  Keywords of People

  • Nicolelis, Miguel Angelo L., Duke School of Medicine Professor in Neuroscience, Psychology and Neuroscience