Cryptococcosis

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  Subject Areas on Research

  • A Ras1-Cdc24 signal transduction pathway mediates thermotolerance in the fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • A Wor1-Like Transcription Factor Is Essential for Virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • A chronological history of the International Conference on Cryptococcus and Cryptococcosis (ICCC), an invaluable forum for growth of the cryptococcal research field and clinical practice. 
  • A diverse population of Cryptococcus gattii molecular type VGIII in southern Californian HIV/AIDS patients. 
  • A flucytosine-responsive Mbp1/Swi4-like protein, Mbs1, plays pleiotropic roles in antifungal drug resistance, stress response, and virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • A lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase-like protein functions in fungal copper import and meningitis. 
  • A patient with newly diagnosed melanoma and pulmonary nodules. 
  • A unique chromosomal rearrangement in the Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii type strain enhances key phenotypes associated with virulence. 
  • Allograft loss in renal transplant recipients with cryptococcus neoformans associated immune reconstitution syndrome. 
  • Amphotericin B lipid complex for invasive fungal infections: analysis of safety and efficacy in 556 cases. 
  • Amt2 permease is required to induce ammonium-responsive invasive growth and mating in Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • An auxotrophic pigmented Cryptococcus neoformans strain causing infection of the bone marrow. 
  • An immune reconstitution syndrome-like illness associated with Cryptococcus neoformans infection in organ transplant recipients. 
  • Analyses of pediatric isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans from South Africa. 
  • Antifungal management practices and evolution of infection in organ transplant recipients with cryptococcus neoformans infection. 
  • Approaches to antifungal therapies and their effectiveness among patients with cryptococcosis. 
  • Brain and spine imaging findings in AIDS patients. 
  • Brain inositol is a novel stimulator for promoting Cryptococcus penetration of the blood-brain barrier. 
  • Calcineurin inhibitor agents interact synergistically with antifungal agents in vitro against Cryptococcus neoformans isolates: correlation with outcome in solid organ transplant recipients with cryptococcosis. 
  • Calcineurin regulatory subunit is essential for virulence and mediates interactions with FKBP12-FK506 in Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Calcineurin-binding protein Cbp1 directs the specificity of calcineurin-dependent hyphal elongation during mating in Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Cch1 mediates calcium entry in Cryptococcus neoformans and is essential in low-calcium environments. 
  • Centromere scission drives chromosome shuffling and reproductive isolation. 
  • Cerebrospinal fluid macrophage response to experimental cryptococcal meningitis: relationship between in vivo and in vitro measurements of cytotoxicity. 
  • Characterization and regulation of the trehalose synthesis pathway and its importance in the pathogenicity of Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Chemical and functional properties of metal chelators that mobilize copper to elicit fungal killing of Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Chemotactic activity of cerebrospinal fluid in experimental cryptococcal meningitis. 
  • Chronic cryptococcal meningitis: a new experimental model in rabbits. 
  • Clinical practice guidelines for the management of cryptococcal disease: 2010 update by the infectious diseases society of america. 
  • Clonality and recombination in genetically differentiated subgroups of Cryptococcus gattii. 
  • Combined activity of amphotericin B and 5-fluorocytosine against Cryptococcus neoformans in vitro and in vivo in mice. 
  • Comparative analyses of clinical and environmental populations of Cryptococcus neoformans in Botswana. 
  • Comparative analysis of environmental and clinical populations of Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Comparative hybridization reveals extensive genome variation in the AIDS-associated pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Comparative transcriptome analysis of the CO2 sensing pathway via differential expression of carbonic anhydrase in Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Comparison and temporal trends of three groups with cryptococcosis: HIV-infected, solid organ transplant, and HIV-negative/non-transplant. 
  • Comparison of amphotericin B and N-D-ornithyl amphotericin B methyl ester in experimental cryptococcal meningitis and Candida albicans endocarditis with pyelonephritis. 
  • Comparison of commercial kits for detection of cryptococcal antigen. 
  • Comparison of itraconazole and fluconazole in treatment of cryptococcal meningitis and candida pyelonephritis in rabbits. 
  • Connecting virulence pathways to cell-cycle progression in the fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Copy number variation contributes to cryptic genetic variation in outbreak lineages of Cryptococcus gattii from the North American Pacific Northwest. 
  • Cost of invasive fungal infections in the era of new diagnostics and expanded treatment options. 
  • Cryptococcal abscess imitating a soft-tissue sarcoma in an immunocompetent host: a case report. 
  • Cryptococcal cell morphology affects host cell interactions and pathogenicity. 
  • Cryptococcal infection of a prosthetic dialysis fistula. 
  • Cryptococcal meningitis with normal cerebrospinal fluid. 
  • Cryptococcal osteomyelitis in an adolescent survivor of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. 
  • Cryptococcal pathogenic mechanisms: a dangerous trip from the environment to the brain. 
  • Cryptococcal titan cell formation is regulated by G-protein signaling in response to multiple stimuli. 
  • Cryptococcemia. 
  • Cryptococcosis Serotypes Impact Outcome and Provide Evidence of Cryptococcus neoformans Speciation. 
  • Cryptococcosis after solid organ transplantation. 
  • Cryptococcosis and the basidiospore. 
  • Cryptococcosis in human immunodeficiency virus-negative patients in the era of effective azole therapy. 
  • Cryptococcosis in solid organ transplant recipients: current state of the science. 
  • Cryptococcosis in the era of AIDS--100 years after the discovery of Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Cryptococcosis. 
  • Cryptococcosis. 
  • Cryptococcosis. 
  • Cryptococcosis. 
  • Cryptococcus gattii VGIII isolates causing infections in HIV/AIDS patients in Southern California: identification of the local environmental source as arboreal. 
  • Cryptococcus gattii virulence composite: candidate genes revealed by microarray analysis of high and less virulent Vancouver island outbreak strains. 
  • Cryptococcus gattii with bimorphic colony types in a dog in western Oregon: additional evidence for expansion of the Vancouver Island outbreak. 
  • Cryptococcus gattii: an emerging fungal pathogen infecting humans and animals. 
  • Cryptococcus neoformans Ilv2p confers resistance to sulfometuron methyl and is required for survival at 37 degrees C and in vivo. 
  • Cryptococcus neoformans Kin1 protein kinase homologue, identified through a Caenorhabditis elegans screen, promotes virulence in mammals. 
  • Cryptococcus neoformans Mating and Genetic Crosses. 
  • Cryptococcus neoformans Rim101 is associated with cell wall remodeling and evasion of the host immune responses. 
  • Cryptococcus neoformans copper detoxification machinery is critical for fungal virulence. 
  • Cryptococcus neoformans gene involved in mammalian pathogenesis identified by a Caenorhabditis elegans progeny-based approach. 
  • Cryptococcus neoformans in organ transplant recipients: impact of calcineurin-inhibitor agents on mortality. 
  • Cryptococcus neoformans isolates from transplant recipients are not selected for resistance to calcineurin inhibitors by current immunosuppressive regimens. 
  • Cryptococcus neoformans mates on pigeon guano: implications for the realized ecological niche and globalization. 
  • Cryptococcus neoformans mating and virulence are regulated by the G-protein alpha subunit GPA1 and cAMP. 
  • Cryptococcus neoformans methionine synthase: expression analysis and requirement for virulence. 
  • Cryptococcus neoformans requires a functional glycolytic pathway for disease but not persistence in the host. 
  • Cryptococcus neoformans resists to drastic conditions by switching to viable but non-culturable cell phenotype. 
  • Cryptococcus neoformans shows a remarkable genotypic diversity in Brazil. 
  • Cryptococcus neoformans {alpha} strains preferentially disseminate to the central nervous system during coinfection. 
  • Cryptococcus neoformans-Cryptococcus gattii species complex: an international study of wild-type susceptibility endpoint distributions and epidemiological cutoff values for fluconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, and voriconazole. 
  • Cryptococcus neoformans: a sugar-coated killer with designer genes. 
  • Cryptococcus neoformans: the yeast that likes it hot. 
  • Cryptococcus neoformans: virulence and host defences. 
  • Cryptococcus-like changes in the setting of vasculitis. 
  • Cutaneous cryptococcosis and histoplasmosis coinfection in a patient with AIDS. 
  • Cutaneous cryptococcosis in solid organ transplant recipients. 
  • Cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunits have divergent roles in virulence factor production in two varieties of the fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Cytochrome c peroxidase contributes to the antioxidant defense of Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Deciphering the model pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Defects in intracellular trafficking of fungal cell wall synthases lead to aberrant host immune recognition. 
  • Defining responses to therapy and study outcomes in clinical trials of invasive fungal diseases: Mycoses Study Group and European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer consensus criteria. 
  • Development of an aerosol model of Cryptococcus reveals humidity as an important factor affecting the viability of Cryptococcus during aerosolization. 
  • Dissecting the Roles of the Calcineurin Pathway in Unisexual Reproduction, Stress Responses, and Virulence in Cryptococcus deneoformans. 
  • Editorial Commentary: Life-saving Antimicrobial Drugs: What Are We Doing to Pricing and Availability? 
  • Effects of cyclosporine in experimental cryptococcal meningitis. 
  • Emergence and pathogenicity of highly virulent Cryptococcus gattii genotypes in the northwest United States. 
  • Epidemiology and outcome of invasive fungal infections in solid organ transplant recipients. 
  • Establishment and Use of Epidemiological Cutoff Values for Molds and Yeasts by Use of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute M57 Standard. 
  • Etiologies of illness among patients meeting integrated management of adolescent and adult illness district clinician manual criteria for severe infections in northern Tanzania: implications for empiric antimicrobial therapy. 
  • Evaluation of host immune responses to pulmonary cryptococcosis using a temperature-sensitive C. neoformans calcineurin A mutant strain. 
  • Evidence of sexual recombination among Cryptococcus neoformans serotype A isolates in sub-Saharan Africa. 
  • Evidence that the human pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii may have evolved in Africa. 
  • Exploiting innate immune cell activation of a copper-dependent antimicrobial agent during infection. 
  • Extracellular phospholipase activity is a virulence factor for Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Failure of ketoconazole in cryptococcal meningitis. 
  • Fatal pneumocystis pneumonia, cryptococcosis, and Kaposi sarcoma in a homosexual man. 
  • Fatty acid synthesis is essential for survival of Cryptococcus neoformans and a potential fungicidal target. 
  • First contemporary case of human infection with Cryptococcus gattii in Puget Sound: evidence for spread of the Vancouver Island outbreak. 
  • First reported case of Cryptococcus gattii in the Southeastern USA: implications for travel-associated acquisition of an emerging pathogen. 
  • Fluconazole therapy for experimental cryptococcosis and candidiasis in the rabbit. 
  • Fungal diagnosis: how do we do it and can we do better? 
  • Fungal infection following renal transplantation. 
  • Genome Evolution and Innovation across the Four Major Lineages of Cryptococcus gattii. 
  • Genome variation in Cryptococcus gattii, an emerging pathogen of immunocompetent hosts. 
  • Genome-wide analysis of the regulation of Cu metabolism in Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Genome-wide functional analysis of phosphatases in the pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Genotypic diversity and clinical outcome of cryptococcosis in renal transplant recipients in Brazil. 
  • Geographic differences in disease expression of cryptococcosis in solid organ transplant recipients in the United States. 
  • HDAC genes play distinct and redundant roles in Cryptococcus neoformans virulence. 
  • Had1 Is Required for Cell Wall Integrity and Fungal Virulence in Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Harnessing calcineurin-FK506-FKBP12 crystal structures from invasive fungal pathogens to develop antifungal agents. 
  • Host defenses against cryptococcosis. 
  • Identification and characterization of an SKN7 homologue in Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Identification and characterization of the Cryptococcus neoformans phosphomannose isomerase-encoding gene, MAN1, and its impact on pathogenicity. 
  • Identification of App1 as a regulator of phagocytosis and virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Identification of ENA1 as a virulence gene of the human pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans through signature-tagged insertional mutagenesis. 
  • Identification of the MATa mating-type locus of Cryptococcus neoformans reveals a serotype A MATa strain thought to have been extinct. 
  • Identifying predictors of central nervous system disease in solid organ transplant recipients with cryptococcosis. 
  • Immunology of infection caused by Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Impact of Protein Palmitoylation on the Virulence Potential of Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Impact of mating type, serotype, and ploidy on the virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment of FK506 Analogs as Novel Antifungal Drug Candidates. 
  • In vitro and in vivo efficacy of the triazole TAK-187 against Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • In-vitro activity of dicationic aromatic compounds and fluconazole against Cryptococcus neoformans and Candida spp. 
  • Influence of agglutinating antibody in experimental cryptococcal meningitis. 
  • Intracellular Action of a Secreted Peptide Required for Fungal Virulence. 
  • Isavuconazole Treatment of Cryptococcosis and Dimorphic Mycoses. 
  • Isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans from infected animals reveal genetic exchange in unisexual, alpha mating type populations. 
  • It infects me, it infects me not: phenotypic switching in the fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Karyotyping of Cryptococcus neoformans as an epidemiological tool. 
  • Know your enemy: how to build and vanquish a global fungal scourge. 
  • Life-threatening asymptomatic incidentaloma: a case report of idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia and opportunistic infections. 
  • Lipid formulations of amphotericin B significantly improve outcome in solid organ transplant recipients with central nervous system cryptococcosis. 
  • Live Imaging of Host-Parasite Interactions in a Zebrafish Infection Model Reveals Cryptococcal Determinants of Virulence and Central Nervous System Invasion. 
  • Loss of allergen 1 confers a hypervirulent phenotype that resembles mucoid switch variants of Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Management of cryptococcosis: how are we doing? 
  • Management of injuries caused by Cryptococcus neoformans--contaminated needles. 
  • Manifestations of pulmonary cryptococcosis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. 
  • Mating-type-specific and nonspecific PAK kinases play shared and divergent roles in Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Metabolic adaptation in Cryptococcus neoformans during early murine pulmonary infection. 
  • Molecular and genetic analysis of the Cryptococcus neoformans MET3 gene and a met3 mutant. 
  • Molecular evidence that the range of the Vancouver Island outbreak of Cryptococcus gattii infection has expanded into the Pacific Northwest in the United States. 
  • Multilocus sequence typing reveals three genetic subpopulations of Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii (serotype A), including a unique population in Botswana. 
  • Network-assisted genetic dissection of pathogenicity and drug resistance in the opportunistic human pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Novel chimeric spermidine synthase-saccharopine dehydrogenase gene (SPE3-LYS9) in the human pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Opportunistic fungal pneumonia. 
  • Opsonic activity of cerebrospinal fluid in experimental cryptococcal meningitis. 
  • Ordered kinetochore assembly in the human-pathogenic basidiomycetous yeast Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Pathogenesis of Cryptococcus neoformans is associated with quantitative differences in multiple virulence factors. 
  • Pbp1-Interacting Protein Mkt1 Regulates Virulence and Sexual Reproduction in Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Penile cryptococcosis with review of mycotic infections of penis. 
  • Phagocytosis and killing of Cryptococcus neoformans by rat alveolar macrophages in the absence of serum. 
  • Phylogeny and phenotypic characterization of pathogenic Cryptococcus species and closely related saprobic taxa in the Tremellales. 
  • Population genetic analyses reveal the African origin and strain variation of Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii. 
  • Population genomics and the evolution of virulence in the fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Practice guidelines for the management of cryptococcal disease. Infectious Diseases Society of America. 
  • Predictors of immune reconstitution syndrome in organ transplant recipients with cryptococcosis: implications for the management of immunosuppression. 
  • Prevalence of clinical isolates of Cryptococcus gattii serotype C among patients with AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa. 
  • Production of the hexitol D-mannitol by Cryptococcus neoformans in vitro and in rabbits with experimental meningitis. 
  • Protection against cryptococcosis by using a murine gamma interferon-producing Cryptococcus neoformans strain. 
  • Pulmonary cryptococcosis in patients without HIV infection: factors associated with disseminated disease. 
  • Pulmonary cryptococcosis in solid organ transplant recipients: clinical relevance of serum cryptococcal antigen. 
  • Pulmonary cryptococcosis. 
  • Pulmonary cytology of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome: an analysis of 36 cases. 
  • Ras1 and Ras2 contribute shared and unique roles in physiology and virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Recapitulation of the sexual cycle of the primary fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii: implications for an outbreak on Vancouver Island, Canada. 
  • Regulatory Mechanism of the Atypical AP-1-Like Transcription Factor Yap1 in Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Relationship of the glyoxylate pathway to the pathogenesis of Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Retinal manifestations of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS): cytomegalovirus, candida albicans, cryptococcus, toxoplasmosis and Pneumocystis carinii. 
  • Rim Pathway-Mediated Alterations in the Fungal Cell Wall Influence Immune Recognition and Inflammation. 
  • Risk factors in necrotizing fasciitis: a case involving Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Role of PLB1 in pulmonary inflammation and cryptococcal eicosanoid production. 
  • Role of alternative oxidase gene in pathogenesis of Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Same-sex mating and the origin of the Vancouver Island Cryptococcus gattii outbreak. 
  • Signal transduction pathways regulating differentiation and pathogenicity of Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Signalling pathways in the pathogenesis of Cryptococcus. 
  • Spores as infectious propagules of Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Spread of Cryptococcus gattii into Pacific Northwest region of the United States. 
  • Subcellular localization directs signaling specificity of the Cryptococcus neoformans Ras1 protein. 
  • Successful treatment of disseminated cryptococcal infection in a pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia patient during induction. 
  • Successful use of amphotericin B lipid complex in the treatment of cryptococcosis. 
  • Superoxide dismutase influences the virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans by affecting growth within macrophages. 
  • Surfactant protein D facilitates Cryptococcus neoformans infection. 
  • Synthesis and antifungal activities of miltefosine analogs. 
  • Synthesis of polymerized melanin by Cryptococcus neoformans in infected rodents. 
  • Systematic functional profiling of transcription factor networks in Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • The Cryptococcus neoformans MAP kinase Mpk1 regulates cell integrity in response to antifungal drugs and loss of calcineurin function. 
  • The Cryptococcus neoformans Rho-GDP dissociation inhibitor mediates intracellular survival and virulence. 
  • The Cryptococcus neoformans capsule: a sword and a shield. 
  • The Cryptococcus neoformans genome sequencing project. 
  • The Impact of Surfactant Protein D, Interleukin-5, and Eosinophilia on Cryptococcosis. 
  • The RGS protein Crg2 regulates both pheromone and cAMP signalling in Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • The biology of the Cryptococcus neoformans species complex. 
  • The clinical epidemiology of pulmonary cryptococcosis in non-AIDS patients at a tertiary care medical center. 
  • The current treatment landscape: other fungal diseases (cryptococcosis, fusariosis and mucormycosis). 
  • The gene encoding phosphoribosylaminoimidazole carboxylase (ADE2) is essential for growth of Cryptococcus neoformans in cerebrospinal fluid. 
  • The human fungal pathogen Cryptococcus can complete its sexual cycle during a pathogenic association with plants. 
  • The impact of the host on fungal infections. 
  • The incidence and management of pulmonary mycosis in renal allograft patients. 
  • The pharmacokinetics of BAY R3783 and its efficacy in the treatment of experimental cryptococcal meningitis. 
  • The role of the de novo pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway in Cryptococcus neoformans high temperature growth and virulence. 
  • The trehalose synthesis pathway is an integral part of the virulence composite for Cryptococcus gattii. 
  • The triple threat of cryptococcosis: it's the body site, the strain, and/or the host. 
  • The war on cryptococcosis: A Review of the antifungal arsenal. 
  • Thoracic cryptococcosis: immunologic competence and radiologic appearance. 
  • Thoracic mycoses from opportunistic fungi: radiologic-pathologic correlation. 
  • Three phylogenetic groups have driven the recent population expansion of Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Titan cells formation in Cryptococcus neoformans is finely tuned by environmental conditions and modulated by positive and negative genetic regulators. 
  • Transcriptional network of multiple capsule and melanin genes governed by the Cryptococcus neoformans cyclic AMP cascade. 
  • Transmission of Hypervirulence traits via sexual reproduction within and between lineages of the human fungal pathogen cryptococcus gattii. 
  • Treatment of experimental cryptococcal meningitis and disseminated candidiasis with SCH39304. 
  • Treatment of experimental cryptococcal meningitis with amphotericin B, 5-fluorocytosine, and ketoconazole. 
  • Two CDC42 paralogues modulate Cryptococcus neoformans thermotolerance and morphogenesis under host physiological conditions. 
  • Two Rac paralogs regulate polarized growth in the human fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Unique characteristics of cryptococcosis identified after death in patients with liver cirrhosis: comparison with concurrent cohort diagnosed antemortem. 
  • Unique evolution of the UPR pathway with a novel bZIP transcription factor, Hxl1, for controlling pathogenicity of Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Unisexual and heterosexual meiotic reproduction generate aneuploidy and phenotypic diversity de novo in the yeast Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Unisexual reproduction enhances fungal competitiveness by promoting habitat exploration via hyphal growth and sporulation. 
  • Unisexual reproduction reverses Muller's ratchet. 
  • Unrecognized pretransplant and donor‐derived cryptococcal disease in organ transplant recipients. 
  • Unveiling Protein Kinase A Targets in Cryptococcus neoformans Capsule Formation. 
  • Urease as a virulence factor in experimental cryptococcosis. 
  • Variation in chromosome copy number influences the virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans and occurs in isolates from AIDS patients. 
  • Virulence mechanisms and Cryptococcus neoformans pathogenesis. 
  • Virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans. Regulation of capsule synthesis by carbon dioxide. 
  • Yeast diversity sampling on the San Juan Islands reveals no evidence for the spread of the Vancouver Island Cryptococcus gattii outbreak to this locale. 
  • alpha AD alpha hybrids of Cryptococcus neoformans: evidence of same-sex mating in nature and hybrid fitness. 
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  Keywords of People

  • Tsalik, Ephraim, Associate Professor of Medicine, Molecular Genetics and Microbiology