Diabetic Retinopathy

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  Subject Areas on Research

  • A Crossover Design for Comparative Efficacy: A 36-Week Randomized Trial of Bevacizumab and Ranibizumab for Diabetic Macular Edema. 
  • A Non-Canonical Role for β-Secretase in the Retina. 
  • A Small Molecule Inhibitor of VE-PTP Activates Tie2 in Schlemm's Canal Increasing Outflow Facility and Reducing Intraocular Pressure. 
  • A centrifugal fluidic immunoassay for ocular diagnostics with an enzymatically hydrolyzed fluorogenic substrate. 
  • A comparison of self-reported utilization of ophthalmic care for diabetes in managed care versus fee-for-service. 
  • A genome-wide association study suggests new evidence for an association of the NADPH Oxidase 4 (NOX4) gene with severe diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes. 
  • A modeled economic analysis of a digital tele-ophthalmology system as used by three federal health care agencies for detecting proliferative diabetic retinopathy. 
  • A prospective, open-label, dose-escalating study of low molecular weight heparin during repeat vitrectomy for PVR and severe diabetic retinopathy. 
  • A randomized trial comparing intravitreal triamcinolone and focal/grid photocoagulation for diabetic macular edema: baseline features. 
  • A spectrum of retinal vasculature measures and coronary artery disease. 
  • A spreadsheet template for the analysis of optical coherence tomography in the longitudinal management of diabetic macular edema. 
  • A study assessing the association of glycated hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) associated variants with HbA1C, chronic kidney disease and diabetic retinopathy in populations of Asian ancestry. 
  • Accuracy of diabetic retinopathy screening by trained non-physician graders using non-mydriatic fundus camera. 
  • Accuracy of international classification of diseases, ninth revision, clinical modification billing codes for common ophthalmic conditions. 
  • Aflibercept Monotherapy or Bevacizumab First for Diabetic Macular Edema. 
  • Aflibercept, bevacizumab, or ranibizumab for diabetic macular edema. 
  • African Ancestry Analysis and Admixture Genetic Mapping for Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy in African Americans. 
  • Agreement between clinician and reading center gradings of diabetic retinopathy severity level at baseline in a phase 2 study of intravitreal bevacizumab for diabetic macular edema. 
  • Alcohol and eye diseases. 
  • Alterations in stimulus-induced integrin expression in peripheral blood neutrophils of patients with diabetic retinopathy. 
  • Alterations in viscosity and filterability of whole blood and blood cell subpopulations in diabetic cats. 
  • An Automated Grading System for Detection of Vision-Threatening Referable Diabetic Retinopathy on the Basis of Color Fundus Photographs. 
  • An exploratory study of the safety, tolerability and bioactivity of a single intravitreal injection of vascular endothelial growth factor Trap-Eye in patients with diabetic macular oedema. 
  • Angiostatin and anti-angiogenic therapy in human disease. 
  • Angiotensin II and aldosterone in retinal vasculopathy and inflammation. 
  • Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Panretinal Photocoagulation Use after Protocol S for Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy. 
  • Apolipoprotein E gene polymorphisms are not associated with diabetic retinopathy: the atherosclerosis risk in communities study. 
  • Application of rapid scanning retinal thickness analysis in retinal diseases. 
  • Arcuate Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Defect After Laser Photocoagulation for Diabetic Macular Edema. 
  • Are myopic eyes less likely to have diabetic retinopathy? 
  • Are obesity and anthropometry risk factors for diabetic retinopathy? The diabetes management project. 
  • Artificial intelligence for teleophthalmology-based diabetic retinopathy screening in a national programme: an economic analysis modelling study. 
  • Artificial intelligence using deep learning to screen for referable and vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy in Africa: a clinical validation study. 
  • Assessing the Effect of Personalized Diabetes Risk Assessments During Ophthalmologic Visits on Glycemic Control: A Randomized Clinical Trial. 
  • Assessing the Retinal Microvasculature in Individuals With Early and Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease. 
  • Association Between Perceived Barriers to Diabetes Self-management and Diabetic Retinopathy in Asian Patients With Type 2 Diabetes. 
  • Association Between the Severity of Diabetic Retinopathy and Falls in an Asian Population With Diabetes: The Singapore Epidemiology of Eye Diseases Study. 
  • Association between diabetic retinopathy and incident cognitive impairment. 
  • Association between physical activity and retinal microvascular signs: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. 
  • Association of Baseline Visual Acuity and Retinal Thickness With 1-Year Efficacy of Aflibercept, Bevacizumab, and Ranibizumab for Diabetic Macular Edema. 
  • Association of Diabetic Macular Edema and Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy With Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. 
  • Association of Diabetic Retinopathy and Diabetic Kidney Disease With All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality in a Multiethnic Asian Population. 
  • Association of Predominantly Peripheral Lesions on Ultra-Widefield Imaging and the Risk of Diabetic Retinopathy Worsening Over Time. 
  • Association of Ultra-Widefield Fluorescein Angiography-Identified Retinal Nonperfusion and the Risk of Diabetic Retinopathy Worsening Over Time. 
  • Association of fluorescein angiographic features with visual acuity and with optical coherence tomographic and stereoscopic color fundus photographic features of diabetic macular edema in a randomized clinical trial. 
  • Association of the extent of diabetic macular edema as assessed by optical coherence tomography with visual acuity and retinal outcome variables. 
  • Associations between complications and health-related quality of life in individuals with diabetes. 
  • Associations between sleep duration, sleep quality and diabetic retinopathy. 
  • Asymmetric retinopathy in patients with diabetes mellitus. 
  • Availability and variability in guidelines on diabetic retinopathy screening in Asian countries. 
  • Bacterial contamination of needles used for intravitreal injections: a prospective, multicenter study. 
  • Behavioral economics and diabetic eye exams. 
  • Beyond vision loss: the independent impact of diabetic retinopathy on vision-related quality of life in a Chinese Singaporean population. 
  • Biomarkers of Diabetic Retinopathy. 
  • Birth weight is not related to risk of diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. 
  • Blood pressure control and awareness among patients with diabetes and hypertension attending a tertiary ophthalmic clinic. 
  • C-reactive protein, body mass index, and diabetic retinopathy. 
  • CX3CR1 deficiency accelerates the development of retinopathy in a rodent model of type 1 diabetes. 
  • Candidate gene association study for diabetic retinopathy in persons with type 2 diabetes: the Candidate gene Association Resource (CARe). 
  • Cataract extraction in the diabetic patient. 
  • Challenges in elucidating the genetics of diabetic retinopathy. 
  • Changes in incidence of diabetes mellitus-related eye disease among US elderly persons, 1994-2005. 
  • Changes in retinal venular oxygen saturation predict activity of proliferative diabetic retinopathy 3 months after panretinal photocoagulation. 
  • Characterisation of choroidal morphological and vascular features in diabetes and diabetic retinopathy. 
  • Circulating markers of inflammation and endothelial function, and their relationship to diabetic retinopathy. 
  • Classification of SD-OCT volumes with multi pyramids, LBP and HOG descriptors: application to DME detections. 
  • Clearance from the anterior chamber of RBCs from human diabetics. 
  • Clinical Use of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Diabetic Retinopathy Treatment: Ready for Showtime? 
  • Combined poor diabetes control indicators are associated with higher risks of diabetic retinopathy and macular edema than poor glycemic control alone. 
  • Comparison of Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Standard 7-Field Imaging With Ultrawide-Field Imaging for Determining Severity of Diabetic Retinopathy. 
  • Comparison of optical coherence tomography in diabetic macular edema, with and without reading center manual grading from a clinical trials perspective. 
  • Comparison of the clinical diagnosis of diabetic macular edema with diagnosis by optical coherence tomography. 
  • Comparison of the magnitude and time course of macular thinning induced by different interventions for diabetic macular edema: implications for sequence of application. 
  • Comparison of time-domain OCT and fundus photographic assessments of retinal thickening in eyes with diabetic macular edema. 
  • Conformance with the preferred practice pattern for diabetic eye care. 
  • Conversion of Central Subfield Thickness Measurements of Diabetic Macular Edema Across Cirrus and Spectralis Optical Coherence Tomography Instruments. 
  • Correlation between retinal oscillatory potentials and retinal vascular caliber in type 2 diabetes. 
  • Correlation of light-flicker-induced retinal vasodilation and retinal vascular caliber measurements in diabetes. 
  • Correspondence. 
  • Cost-effectiveness of Intravitreous Ranibizumab Compared With Panretinal Photocoagulation for Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy: Secondary Analysis From a Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network Randomized Clinical Trial. 
  • Cost-effectiveness of a National Telemedicine Diabetic Retinopathy Screening Program in Singapore. 
  • Current and Emerging Treatment for Diabetic Macular Edema. 
  • Current epidemiology of diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema. 
  • Current management of diabetic tractional retinal detachments. 
  • Cytokines in proliferative diabetic retinopathy and proliferative vitreoretinopathy. 
  • DIRECT new treatments for diabetic retinopathy. 
  • Detachable microsphere scalpel tips for potential use in ophthalmic surgery with the erbium:YAG laser. 
  • Determinants of Quantitative Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Metrics in Patients with Diabetes. 
  • Development and Validation of a Deep Learning System for Diabetic Retinopathy and Related Eye Diseases Using Retinal Images From Multiethnic Populations With Diabetes. 
  • Dexamethasone intravitreal implant in previously treated patients with diabetic macular edema: subgroup analysis of the MEAD study. 
  • Diabetic Retinopathy and Macular Edema Quality-of-Life Item Banks: Development and Initial Evaluation Using Computerized Adaptive Testing. 
  • Diabetic Retinopathy in the Asia-Pacific. 
  • Diabetic macular edema: Evidence-based management. 
  • Diabetic macular edema: what is focal and what is diffuse? 
  • Diabetic macular ischaemia is associated with narrower retinal arterioles in patients with type 2 diabetes. 
  • Diabetic macular oedema: evidence-based treatment recommendations for Asian countries. 
  • Diabetic retinopathy and risk of heart failure. 
  • Diabetic retinopathy and systemic vascular complications. 
  • Diabetic retinopathy and the risk of coronary heart disease: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. 
  • Diabetic retinopathy in 2011: further insights from new epidemiological studies and clinical trials. 
  • Diabetic retinopathy in a cat. 
  • Diabetic retinopathy is associated with an increased incidence of cardiovascular events in Type 2 diabetic patients. 
  • Diabetic retinopathy is related to both endothelium-dependent and -independent responses of skin microvascular flow. 
  • Diabetic retinopathy should not be a contraindication to thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction: review of ocular hemorrhage incidence and location in the GUSTO-I trial. Global Utilization of Streptokinase and t-PA for Occluded Coronary Arteries. 
  • Diabetic retinopathy. 
  • Diabetic retinopathy. 
  • Diabetic retinopathy: global prevalence, major risk factors, screening practices and public health challenges: a review. 
  • Diagnosis of diabetes mellitus using HbA1c in Asians: relationship between HbA1c and retinopathy in a multiethnic Asian population. 
  • Diagnostic methods for macular edema. 
  • Diet soft drink is associated with increased odds of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. 
  • Differential association of retinal arteriolar and venular caliber with diabetes and retinopathy. 
  • Differential association of serum lipids with diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema. 
  • Differential associations of myopia with major age-related eye diseases: the Singapore Indian Eye Study. 
  • Differential effect of body mass index on the incidence of diabetes and diabetic retinopathy in two Asian populations. 
  • Differentiation of Diabetic Macular Edema From Pseudophakic Cystoid Macular Edema by Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography. 
  • Dilated retinal large vessels and capillaries associated with diabetic macular edema and photoreceptor loss respectively. 
  • Direct comparison of a tablet computer and a personal digital assistant for point-of-care documentation in eye care. 
  • Discontinuation and loss to follow-up rates in clinical trials of intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injections. 
  • Distinctive Analysis of Macular Superficial Capillaries and Large Vessels Using Optical Coherence Tomographic Angiography in Healthy and Diabetic Eyes. 
  • Diurnal variation in retinal thickening measurement by optical coherence tomography in center-involved diabetic macular edema. 
  • Dynamic Responses in Retinal Vessel Caliber With Flicker Light Stimulation and Risk of Diabetic Retinopathy and Its Progression. 
  • Dynamic changes in retinal vessel diameter during acute hyperglycemia in type 1 diabetes. 
  • Dynamic responses in retinal vessel caliber with flicker light stimulation in eyes with diabetic retinopathy. 
  • Early atherosclerosis is associated with retinal microvascular changes in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. 
  • Effect of Adding Dexamethasone to Continued Ranibizumab Treatment in Patients With Persistent Diabetic Macular Edema: A DRCR Network Phase 2 Randomized Clinical Trial. 
  • Effect of ICD-9 to ICD-10 Transition on Accuracy of Codes for Stage of Diabetic Retinopathy and Related Complications: Results from the CODER Study. 
  • Effect of Initial Management With Aflibercept vs Laser Photocoagulation vs Observation on Vision Loss Among Patients With Diabetic Macular Edema Involving the Center of the Macula and Good Visual Acuity: A Randomized Clinical Trial. 
  • Effect of Intravitreous Aflibercept vs Vitrectomy With Panretinal Photocoagulation on Visual Acuity in Patients With Vitreous Hemorrhage From Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy: A Randomized Clinical Trial. 
  • Effect of Intravitreous Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor vs Sham Treatment for Prevention of Vision-Threatening Complications of Diabetic Retinopathy: The Protocol W Randomized Clinical Trial. 
  • Effect of focal/grid photocoagulation on visual acuity and retinal thickening in eyes with non-center-involved diabetic macular edema. 
  • Effects of Long-Term DME Control With 0.2 µg/Day Fluocinolone Acetonide Implant on Quality of Life: An Exploratory Analysis From the FAME Trial. 
  • Effects of receipt of guideline-recommended care on onset of diabetic retinopathy and its progression. 
  • Efficacy and safety of multiple intravitreal triamcinolone injections for refractory diabetic macular oedema. 
  • Efficacy of fluid-air exchange for postvitrectomy diabetic vitreous hemorrhage. 
  • Efficacy, durability, and safety of intravitreal faricimab with extended dosing up to every 16 weeks in patients with diabetic macular oedema (YOSEMITE and RHINE): two randomised, double-masked, phase 3 trials. 
  • Electron immunocytochemical analysis of posterior hyaloid associated with diabetic macular edema. 
  • Emerging drugs for diabetic retinopathy. 
  • Endophthalmitis Rates after Bilateral Same-Day Intravitreal Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Injections. 
  • Enhanced superoxide radical production by stimulated polymorphonuclear leukocytes in a cat model of diabetes. 
  • Enhanced visualization of peripheral retinal vasculature with wavefront sensorless adaptive optics optical coherence tomography angiography in diabetic patients. 
  • Estimates of incidence rates with longitudinal claims data. 
  • Evaluation of Diabetic Retinal Screening and Factors for Ophthalmology Referral in a Telemedicine Network. 
  • Evaluation of item candidates for a diabetic retinopathy quality of life item bank. 
  • Evidence of early retinal microvascular changes in patients with type 2 diabetes and depression. 
  • Feasibility of screening for diabetic retinopathy at an Australian pathology collection service: a pilot study. 
  • Female reproductive factors and major eye diseases in Asian women -the Singapore Malay Eye Study. 
  • Fenofibrate - a potential systemic treatment for diabetic retinopathy? 
  • Fenofibrate and diabetic retinopathy. 
  • Fenofibrate: a new treatment for diabetic retinopathy. Molecular mechanisms and future perspectives. 
  • Five-Year Outcomes after Initial Aflibercept, Bevacizumab, or Ranibizumab Treatment for Diabetic Macular Edema (Protocol T Extension Study). 
  • Five-Year Outcomes of Panretinal Photocoagulation vs Intravitreous Ranibizumab for Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy: A Randomized Clinical Trial. 
  • Flicker light-induced retinal vasodilation in diabetes and diabetic retinopathy. 
  • Forming a Consensus: Data and Guidance for Physicians Treating Diabetic Macular Edema. 
  • Fully automatic segmentation of fluorescein leakage in subjects with diabetic macular edema. 
  • Fully automatic software for retinal thickness in eyes with diabetic macular edema from images acquired by cirrus and spectralis systems. 
  • Fundoscopy: to dilate or not to dilate? 
  • Gaps in receipt of regular eye examinations among medicare beneficiaries diagnosed with diabetes or chronic eye diseases. 
  • Genetically Determined Plasma Lipid Levels and Risk of Diabetic Retinopathy: A Mendelian Randomization Study. 
  • Geographic Information Systems Mapping of Diabetic Retinopathy in an Ocular Telemedicine Network. 
  • Global Estimates on the Number of People Blind or Visually Impaired by Diabetic Retinopathy: A Meta-analysis From 1990 to 2010. 
  • Global causes of blindness and distance vision impairment 1990-2020: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 
  • Global prevalence and major risk factors of diabetic retinopathy. 
  • Glucose variability and inner retinal sensory neuropathy in persons with type 1 diabetes mellitus. 
  • Glycated hemoglobin and the risk of kidney disease and retinopathy in adults with and without diabetes. 
  • Glycemic and blood pressure control in an asian malay population with diabetes and diabetic retinopathy. 
  • Glycemic index, retinal vascular caliber, and stroke mortality. 
  • Glycemic thresholds for diabetes-specific retinopathy: implications for diagnostic criteria for diabetes. 
  • Goodness-of-fit tests for GEE modeling with binary responses. 
  • Granulocyte deformability and F-actin content: relationship to diabetes mellitus and retinopathy. 
  • HLA-DR3 and DR4 and their relation to the incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy. 
  • Hemoglobin is associated with retinal vascular fractals in type 1 diabetes patients. 
  • How does hypertension affect your eyes? 
  • Hypertensive retinopathy revisited: some answers, more questions. 
  • ISPAD Clinical Practice Consensus Guidelines 2014. Microvascular and macrovascular complications in children and adolescents. 
  • Identification of patients with diabetic macular edema from claims data: a validation study. 
  • Identifying the content area for the 51-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire: results from focus groups with visually impaired persons. 
  • Impact of Ideal Cardiovascular Health in Childhood on the Retinal Microvasculature in Midadulthood: Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study. 
  • Impact of Incidence and Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy on Vision-Specific Functioning. 
  • Impact of diabetic retinopathy on patients' beliefs about diabetes. 
  • Impact of diabetic retinopathy on vision-specific function. 
  • Impact of geographic density of eye care professionals on eye care among adults with diabetes. 
  • Impact of long-term measures of glucose and blood pressure on the retinal microvasculature. 
  • Improvement of Recalcitrant Diabetic Macular Edema After Peritoneal Dialysis. 
  • Improving Outcomes for Patients With Diabetic Macular Edema. 
  • Increased Burden of Vision Impairment and Eye Diseases in Persons with Chronic Kidney Disease - A Population-Based Study. 
  • Increased adhesion of neutrophils to retinal vascular endothelial cells exposed to hyperosmolarity. 
  • Individuals' Perspectives on Coping with Vision Loss from Diabetic Retinopathy. 
  • Inferior peripheral iridectomy in patients receiving silicone oil. Rates of postoperative closure and effect on oil position. 
  • Inflammatory, hemostatic, and other novel biomarkers for diabetic retinopathy: the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis. 
  • Influence of diabetes and diabetic retinopathy on the performance of Heidelberg retina tomography II for diagnosis of glaucoma. 
  • Influence of diabetes on macular thickness measured using optical coherence tomography: the Singapore Indian Eye Study. 
  • Influence of flickering light on the retinal vessels in diabetic patients: response to Mandecka et al. 
  • Innovative technology shows impact of glycaemic control on peripheral retinal vessels in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. 
  • Inter-relationship between visual symptoms, activity limitation and psychological functioning in patients with diabetic retinopathy. 
  • Interpreting thickness changes in the diabetic macula: the problem of short-term variation in optical coherence tomography-measured macular thickening (an american ophthalmological society thesis). 
  • Interventions for Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 1 Diabetes: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. 
  • Intraocular pressure rise is predictive of vision improvement after intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide for diabetic macular oedema: a retrospective analysis of data from a randomised controlled trial. 
  • Intraretinal neovascularization in diabetic retinopathy. 
  • Intraretinal pH in diabetic cats. 
  • Intravitreal Aflibercept for Diabetic Macular Edema: 148-Week Results from the VISTA and VIVID Studies. 
  • Intravitreal Pharmacotherapies for Diabetic Macular Edema: A Report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology. 
  • Intravitreal Ranibizumab for diabetic macular edema with prompt versus deferred laser treatment: 5-year randomized trial results. 
  • Intravitreal aflibercept for diabetic macular edema. 
  • Intravitreal triamcinolone prior to laser treatment of diabetic macular edema: 24-month results of a randomized controlled trial. 
  • Is Myopia Associated with the Incidence and Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy? 
  • Is aspirin associated with diabetic retinopathy? The Singapore Epidemiology of Eye Disease (SEED) study. 
  • Is chronic kidney disease associated with diabetic retinopathy in Asian adults? 
  • Is depression associated with microvascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes? 
  • Is diabetic retinopathy an independent risk factor for ischemic stroke? 
  • Is diabetic retinopathy related to subclinical cardiovascular disease? 
  • Is nuclear magnetic resonance lipoprotein subclass related to diabetic retinopathy? The multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis (MESA). 
  • Is routine pupil dilation safe among asian patients with diabetes? 
  • Lack of awareness amongst community patients with diabetes and diabetic retinopathy: the Singapore Malay eye study. 
  • Lack of awareness of common eye conditions in the community. 
  • Lack of knowledge of glycosylated hemoglobin in patients with diabetic retinopathy. 
  • Language barrier and its relationship to diabetes and diabetic retinopathy. 
  • Lipids and diabetic retinopathy. 
  • Localized changes in retinal vessel caliber after focal/grid laser treatment in patients with diabetic macular edema: a measure of treatment response? 
  • Long-term pancreatic function: potential benefits. 
  • Longer axial length is protective of diabetic retinopathy and macular edema. 
  • Longitudinal association of glucose metabolism with retinopathy: results from the Australian Diabetes Obesity and Lifestyle (AusDiab) study. 
  • Longitudinal prevalence of major eye diseases. 
  • Longitudinal rates of annual eye examinations of persons with diabetes and chronic eye diseases. 
  • Low birthweight is associated with narrower arterioles in adults. 
  • Macular thickness profile and diabetic retinopathy: the Singapore Epidemiology of Eye Diseases Study. 
  • Macular tractional retinoschisis in proliferative diabetic retinopathy: clinical characteristics and surgical outcome. 
  • Management of diabetic retinopathy: a systematic review. 
  • Metabolomics of Diabetic Retinopathy. 
  • Methodology and early findings of the Diabetes Management Project: a cohort study investigating the barriers to optimal diabetes care in diabetic patients with and without diabetic retinopathy. 
  • Microvascular disease and cardiomyopathy. 
  • Migraine and retinal microvascular abnormalities: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. 
  • Mixed messages on systemic therapies for diabetic retinopathy. 
  • Models of retinal diseases and their applicability in drug discovery. 
  • Moderate consumption of white and fortified wine is associated with reduced odds of diabetic retinopathy. 
  • Monitoring visual status: why patients do or do not comply with practice guidelines. 
  • Multiethnic Genome-Wide Association Study of Diabetic Retinopathy Using Liability Threshold Modeling of Duration of Diabetes and Glycemic Control. 
  • Need for eye care among older adults with diabetes mellitus in fee-for-service and managed Medicare. 
  • Nepafenac 0.3% after Cataract Surgery in Patients with Diabetic Retinopathy: Results of 2 Randomized Phase 3 Studies. 
  • New techniques for hemostasis during diabetic vitrectomy. 
  • Non-traditional systemic treatments for diabetic retinopathy: an evidence-based review. 
  • Novel versus traditional risk markers for diabetic retinopathy. 
  • Observational study of subclinical diabetic macular edema. 
  • Observational study of the development of diabetic macular edema following panretinal (scatter) photocoagulation given in 1 or 4 sittings. 
  • Ocular anti-VEGF therapy for diabetic retinopathy: overview of clinical efficacy and evolving applications. 
  • Ocular associations of diabetes other than diabetic retinopathy. 
  • Optical coherence tomography measurements and analysis methods in optical coherence tomography studies of diabetic macular edema. 
  • Optical coherence tomography to detect macular edema in the presence of asteroid hyalosis. 
  • Outcomes of Eyes Lost to Follow-up with Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy That Received Panretinal Photocoagulation versus Intravitreal Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor. 
  • PANRETINAL PHOTOCOAGULATION VERSUS RANIBIZUMAB FOR PROLIFERATIVE DIABETIC RETINOPATHY: Comparison of Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness in a Randomized Clinical Trial. 
  • Panretinal Photocoagulation vs Intravitreous Ranibizumab for Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy: A Randomized Clinical Trial. 
  • Panretinal photocoagulation and retinal oxygenation in normal and diabetic cats. 
  • Panretinal photocoagulation for diabetic retinopathy. 
  • Pars plana vitrectomy and internal limiting membrane peeling in an eye with foveal lipid deposition after focal laser surgery for diabetic macular edema. 
  • Patient Attitudes Toward Telemedicine for Diabetic Retinopathy. 
  • Pentoxifylline increases retinal capillary blood flow velocity in patients with diabetes. 
  • Pentoxifylline modulates deformability, F-actin content, and superoxide anion production of polymorphonuclear leukocytes from diabetic cats. 
  • Peripheral capillary non-perfusion in treatment-naïve proliferative diabetic retinopathy associates with postoperative disease activity 6 months after panretinal photocoagulation. 
  • Peripheral retinal cryotherapy for postvitrectomy diabetic vitreous hemorrhage in phakic eyes. 
  • Phase 1 Dose-Escalation Study of Plasma Kallikrein Inhibitor THR-149 for the Treatment of Diabetic Macular Edema. 
  • Phosphate, fibroblast growth factor 23 and retinopathy in chronic kidney disease: the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort Study. 
  • Photocoagulation and local steroid-induced ocular hypertension in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy. 
  • Pilot study of optical coherence tomography measurement of retinal blood flow in retinal and optic nerve diseases. 
  • Plasma Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Concentrations after Intravitreous Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Therapy for Diabetic Macular Edema. 
  • Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) activity and retinal vascular calibre in type 2 diabetes. 
  • Poor metabolic and blood pressure control in patients with diabetic retinopathy attending a tertiary ophthalmic hospital in Australia. 
  • Positioning the obese or large-breasted patient for macular laser photocoagulation. 
  • Potential pitfalls from variable optical coherence tomograph displays in managing diabetic macular edema. 
  • Practice Patterns of Fundoscopic Examination for Diabetic Retinopathy Screening in Primary Care. 
  • Practice characteristics and HMO enrollee satisfaction with specialty care: an analysis of patients with glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy. 
  • Predicting risk of diabetic retinopathy from retinal vessel analysis: personalized medicine in transition. 
  • Pretreatment with intravitreal triamcinolone before laser for diabetic macular edema: 6-month results of a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. 
  • Prevalence and causes of vision loss in North Africa and Middle East in 2015: magnitude, temporal trends and projections. 
  • Prevalence and causes of vision loss in high-income countries and in Eastern and Central Europe in 2015: magnitude, temporal trends and projections. 
  • Prevalence and determinants of undiagnosed diabetic retinopathy and vision-threatening retinopathy in a multiethnic Asian cohort: the Singapore Epidemiology of Eye Diseases (SEED) study. 
  • Prevalence and risk factors for diabetic retinopathy: the Singapore Malay Eye Study. 
  • Prevalence and risk factors of diabetic retinopathy in migrant Indians in an urbanized society in Asia: the Singapore Indian eye study. 
  • Prevalence and risk factors of retinopathy in an Asian population without diabetes: the Singapore Malay Eye Study. 
  • Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy and Blindness in Indonesian Adults With Type 2 Diabetes. 
  • Prevalence of cataract surgery and visual outcomes in Indian immigrants in Singapore: the Singapore Indian eye study. 
  • Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in rural China: the Handan Eye Study. 
  • Prevention of ischemia-induced retinopathy by the natural ocular antiangiogenic agent pigment epithelium-derived factor. 
  • Procoagulant effects of intraocular sodium hyaluronate (Healon) after phakic diabetic vitrectomy. A prospective, randomized study. 
  • Progression of diabetic retinopathy in the hypertension intervention nurse telemedicine study. 
  • Progression of nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy and visual outcome after extracapsular cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation. 
  • Progression of nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy following cataract extraction. 
  • Progressive Retinal Vasodilation in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes: A Longitudinal Study of Retinal Vascular Geometry. 
  • Proposed international clinical diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema disease severity scales. 
  • Quantification of diabetic macular edema. 
  • Quantitative assessment of early diabetic retinopathy using fractal analysis. 
  • Quantitative measurement of hard exudates in patients with diabetes and their associations with serum lipid levels. 
  • Quantitative retinal vascular calibre changes in diabetes and retinopathy: the Singapore Malay eye study. 
  • Racial differences in the prevalence of diabetes but not diabetic retinopathy in a multi-ethnic Asian population. 
  • Randomized trial evaluating short-term effects of intravitreal ranibizumab or triamcinolone acetonide on macular edema after focal/grid laser for diabetic macular edema in eyes also receiving panretinal photocoagulation. 
  • Ranibizumab in Diabetic Retinopathy with or without Diabetic Macular Edema. 
  • Rates of Vitrectomy among Enrollees in a United States Managed Care Network, 2001-2012. 
  • Rationale and Methodology for a Community-Based Study of Diabetic Retinopathy in an Indonesian Population with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: The Jogjakarta Eye Diabetic Study in the Community. 
  • Rationale for the diabetic retinopathy clinical research network treatment protocol for center-involved diabetic macular edema. 
  • Red lesion detection in retinal fundus images using Frangi-based filters. 
  • Reduction of basement membrane thickening in diabetic cat retina by sulindac. 
  • Region-specific ischemia, neovascularization and macular oedema in treatment-naïve proliferative diabetic retinopathy. 
  • Regional patterns of sight-threatening diabetic macular edema. 
  • Relation between BMI and diabetes mellitus and its complications among US older adults. 
  • Relation between retinal thickening and clinically visible fundus pathologies in mild nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy. 
  • Relationship between diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macular oedema and erectile dysfunction in type 2 diabetics. 
  • Relationship between glycated haemoglobin and microvascular complications: is there a natural cut-off point for the diagnosis of diabetes? 
  • Relationship between optical coherence tomography-measured central retinal thickness and visual acuity in diabetic macular edema. 
  • Relationship of hemoglobin A1c with the presence and severity of retinopathy upon initial screening of type II diabetes mellitus. 
  • Relationship of prospective GHb to glycated serum proteins in incident diabetic retinopathy: implications of the glycation gap for mechanism of risk prediction. 
  • Relationship of retinal vascular caliber with diabetes and retinopathy: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). 
  • Relationship of systemic endothelial function and peripheral arterial stiffness with diabetic retinopathy. 
  • Removal of optic disc stalks during diabetic vitrectomy. 
  • Renal pathology patterns in type II diabetes mellitus: relationship with retinopathy. The Collaborative Study Group. 
  • Reply: To PMID 22653543. 
  • Reproducibility of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography retinal thickness measurements and conversion to equivalent time-domain metrics in diabetic macular edema. 
  • Resource use and costs associated with diabetic macular edema in elderly persons. 
  • Rethinking Nuclear Receptors as Potential Therapeutic Targets for Retinal Diseases. 
  • Retinal Vessel Geometry and the Incidence and Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy. 
  • Retinal Vessel Tortuosity and Its Relation to Traditional and Novel Vascular Risk Markers in Persons with Diabetes. 
  • Retinal arteriolar caliber predicts incident retinopathy: the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle (AusDiab) study. 
  • Retinal arteriolar dilation predicts retinopathy in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. 
  • Retinal arteriolar tortuosity is associated with retinopathy and early kidney dysfunction in type 1 diabetes. 
  • Retinal blood flow in normal and diabetic dogs. 
  • Retinal fractal dimension is increased in persons with diabetes but not impaired glucose metabolism: the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle (AusDiab) study. 
  • Retinal ganglion cell neuronal damage in diabetes and diabetic retinopathy. 
  • Retinal microvascular abnormalities and blood pressure in older people: the Cardiovascular Health Study. 
  • Retinal microvascular calibre and risk of incident diabetes: the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis. 
  • Retinal microvascular signs are associated with chronic kidney disease in persons with and without diabetes. 
  • Retinal neovascular markers in retinopathy of prematurity: aetiological implications. 
  • Retinal oxygenation and laser treatment in patients with diabetic retinopathy. 
  • Retinal thickness on Stratus optical coherence tomography in people with diabetes and minimal or no diabetic retinopathy. 
  • Retinal vascular abnormalities in persons with type 1 diabetes: the Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy: XVIII. 
  • Retinal vascular caliber and risk of retinopathy in young patients with type 1 diabetes. 
  • Retinal vascular caliber as a biomarker for diabetes microvascular complications. 
  • Retinal vascular caliber changes after intravitreal triamcinolone treatment for diabetic macular edema. 
  • Retinal vascular caliber in persons with type 2 diabetes: the Wisconsin Epidemiological Study of Diabetic Retinopathy: XX. 
  • Retinal vascular caliber, diabetes, and retinopathy. 
  • Retinal vascular calibre as a predictor of incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy. 
  • Retinal vascular changes and 20-year incidence of lower extremity amputations in a cohort with diabetes. 
  • Retinal vascular changes and diabetic retinopathy. 
  • Retinal vascular changes in pre-diabetes and prehypertension: new findings and their research and clinical implications. 
  • Retinal vascular fractal dimension and risk of early diabetic retinopathy: A prospective study of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. 
  • Retinal vascular geometry in Asian persons with diabetes and retinopathy. 
  • Retinal vascular geometry predicts incident retinopathy in young people with type 1 diabetes: a prospective cohort study from adolescence. 
  • Retinal vascular imaging technology to monitor disease severity and complications in type 1 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review. 
  • Retinal vascular tortuosity in persons with diabetes and diabetic retinopathy. 
  • Retinal vessel caliber and microvascular and macrovascular disease in type 2 diabetes: XXI: the Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy. 
  • Retinal vessel calibers predict long-term microvascular complications in type 1 diabetes: the Danish Cohort of Pediatric Diabetes 1987 (DCPD1987). 
  • Retinal vessel diameter as a clinical predictor of diabetic retinopathy progression: time to take out the measuring tape. 
  • Retinal vessel diameters and the incidence of gross proteinuria and renal insufficiency in people with type 1 diabetes. 
  • Retinopathy Signs Improved Prediction and Reclassification of Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Diabetes: A prospective cohort study. 
  • Retinopathy associated with pancreatitis in a child with maple syrup urine disease. 
  • Retinopathy predicts coronary heart disease mortality. 
  • Retinopathy signs in people without diabetes: the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis. 
  • Review of key findings from the Singapore Malay Eye Study (SiMES-1). 
  • Risk factors for diabetic retinopathy in a rural Chinese population with type 2 diabetes: the Handan Eye Study. 
  • Risk factors for the development or progression of diabetic retinopathy in pregnancy: Meta-analysis and systematic review. 
  • Role of Disorganization of Retinal Inner Layers as an Optical Coherence Tomography Biomarker in Diabetic and Uveitic Macular Edema. 
  • Rubeosis iridis: preoperative iris fluorescein angiography and periocular steroids. 
  • Ruboxistaurin. 
  • Sampling patients within physician practices and health plans: multistage cluster samples in health services research. 
  • Screening for Diabetic Retinopathy Using a Portable, Noncontact, Nonmydriatic Handheld Retinal Camera. 
  • Screening for retinopathy in the pediatric patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus. 
  • Screening for retinopathy in the pediatric patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus. American Academy of Pediatrics. Sections on Endocrinology and Ophthalmology. 
  • Serum Cystatin C, Markers of Chronic Kidney Disease, and Retinopathy in Persons with Diabetes. 
  • Serum apolipoprotein AI and B are stronger biomarkers of diabetic retinopathy than traditional lipids. 
  • Serum apolipoproteins are associated with systemic and retinal microvascular function in people with diabetes. 
  • Sex differences in retinal microvasculature through puberty in type 1 diabetes: are girls at greater risk of diabetic microvascular complications? 
  • Short-term poor glycemic control and retinal microvascular changes in pediatric Type 1 Diabetes patients in Singapore: a pilot study. 
  • Silicone oil for progressive anterior ocular neovascularization after failed diabetic vitrectomy. 
  • Silicone oil for retinal detachment with advanced proliferative vitreoretinopathy following failed vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy. 
  • Six-year incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy in Indian adults: the Singapore Indian Eye study. 
  • Social and emotional impact of diabetic retinopathy: a review. 
  • Subretinal hemorrhages in proliferative diabetic retinopathy. 
  • Systemic management of diabetic retinopathy. 
  • Targeting the Effect of VEGF in Diabetic Macular Edema. 
  • Telemedicine: opportunities and challenges for the remote care of diabetic retinopathy. 
  • Temporal changes in retinal vascular parameters associated with successful panretinal photocoagulation in proliferative diabetic retinopathy: A prospective clinical interventional study. 
  • Ten Emerging Trends in the Epidemiology of Diabetic Retinopathy. 
  • Ten-year incidence of age-related macular degeneration according to diabetic retinopathy classification among medicare beneficiaries. 
  • Testing proportionality in the proportional odds model fitted with GEE. 
  • The Adolescent Cardio-Renal Intervention Trial (AdDIT): retinal vascular geometry and renal function in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. 
  • The Effects of Diabetic Retinopathy and Pan-Retinal Photocoagulation on Photoreceptor Cell Function as Assessed by Dark Adaptometry. 
  • The Mechanism of Diabetic Retinopathy Pathogenesis Unifying Key Lipid Regulators, Sirtuin 1 and Liver X Receptor. 
  • The NLRP3 Inflammasome May Contribute to Pathologic Neovascularization in the Advanced Stages of Diabetic Retinopathy. 
  • The Relationship of Quantitative Retinal Capillary Network to Kidney Function in Type 2 Diabetes. 
  • The Relationship of Retinal Vessel Geometric Characteristics to the Incidence and Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy. 
  • The association of atherosclerosis, vascular risk factors, and retinopathy in adults with diabetes : the atherosclerosis risk in communities study. 
  • The choice of posterior chamber intraocular lens style in patients with diabetic retinopathy. 
  • The clinical implications of recent studies on the structure and function of the retinal microvasculature in diabetes. 
  • The effect of patient characteristics on response to focal laser treatment for diabetic macular edema. 
  • The effect of the surgeon and the laser wavelength on the response to focal photocoagulation for diabetic macular edema. 
  • The impact of diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema on health-related quality of life in type 1 and type 2 diabetes. 
  • The impact of diabetic retinopathy on quality of life: qualitative findings from an item bank development project. 
  • The impact of diabetic retinopathy: understanding the patient's perspective. 
  • The importance of "quality of care". 
  • The importance of fluorescein angiography in planning laser treatment of diabetic macular edema. 
  • The predictive value of patient and eye characteristics on the course of subclinical diabetic macular edema. 
  • The relation of retinal vessel caliber to the incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy: XIX: the Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy. 
  • The relationship between visual acuity and functioning and well-being among diabetics. 
  • The relationship of dietary fish intake to diabetic retinopathy and retinal vascular caliber in patients with type 2 diabetes. 
  • The relationship of macular thickness to clinically graded diabetic retinopathy severity in eyes without clinically detected diabetic macular edema. 
  • The relationship of retinal vascular calibre to diabetes and retinopathy: the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle (AusDiab) study. 
  • The relationship of retinal vessel caliber with erectile dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes. 
  • The relationship of retinopathy in persons without diabetes to the 15-year incidence of diabetes and hypertension: Beaver Dam Eye Study. 
  • The risk of vitreous hemorrhage caused by coronary artery bypass grafting in proliferative diabetic retinopathy. 
  • The role of genetics in susceptibility to diabetic retinopathy. 
  • The role of vitrectomy surgery in diabetic macular edema. 
  • The topographic distribution of the first sites of diabetic retinal neovascularization. 
  • The validity and reliability of photographic documentation of proliferative vitreoretinopathy. 
  • The variation in optical coherence tomography-measured macular thickness in diabetic eyes without clinical macular edema. 
  • Three-year, randomized, sham-controlled trial of dexamethasone intravitreal implant in patients with diabetic macular edema. 
  • Traditional and novel risk factors of diabetic retinopathy and research challenges. 
  • Treated PDR Reveals Age-Appropriate Vision Deterioration But Distorted Retinal Organization. 
  • Treatment of diabetic macular edema with an inhibitor of vascular endothelial-protein tyrosine phosphatase that activates Tie2. 
  • Trends in Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Agents and Panretinal Photocoagulation Use in Diabetic Retinopathy. 
  • Type 2 Diabetes Genetic Variants and Risk of Diabetic Retinopathy. 
  • Update on animal models of diabetic retinopathy: from molecular approaches to mice and higher mammals. 
  • Use of Telehealth Screening to Detect Diabetic Retinopathy and Other Ocular Findings in Primary Care Settings. 
  • Usefulness of diabetic retinopathy as a marker of risk for thallium myocardial perfusion defects in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. 
  • VISUALIZATION FROM INTRAOPERATIVE SWEPT-SOURCE MICROSCOPE-INTEGRATED OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY IN VITRECTOMY FOR COMPLICATIONS OF PROLIFERATIVE DIABETIC RETINOPATHY. 
  • VITRECTOMY FOR DIABETIC COMPLICATIONS: A Pooled Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials Using Modern Techniques and Equipment. 
  • Validation of a novel diabetic retinopathy utility index using discrete choice experiments. 
  • Vision loss among diabetics in a group model Health Maintenance Organization (HMO). 
  • Visual Acuity in Retinal Vein Occlusion, Diabetic, and Uveitic Macular Edema: Central Subfield Thickness and Ellipsoid Zone Analysis. 
  • Visual Acuity, Vitreous Hemorrhage, and Other Ocular Outcomes After Vitrectomy vs Aflibercept for Vitreous Hemorrhage Due to Diabetic Retinopathy: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial. 
  • Visual impairment, age-related eye diseases, and cognitive function: the Singapore Malay Eye study. 
  • Vitamin D deficiency is not associated with changes in retinal geometric parameters in young people with type 1 diabetes. 
  • Vitrectomy for Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy: Does Anyone Know the Complication Rate? 
  • Vitrectomy for diabetic macular edema. 
  • West African crystalline maculopathy. 
  • What is the price of life and why doesn't it increase at the rate of inflation? 
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  Keywords of People

  • Charles, Hal Cecil, Adjunct Associate Professor in the Department of Radiology, Radiology
  • Dhalla, Al-Hafeez Z, Assistant Research Professor in the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical Engineering
  • Farsiu, Sina, Professor in the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering
  • Fekrat, Sharon, Professor of Ophthalmology, Ophthalmology, Vitreoretinal Diseases & Surgery
  • Maldonado, Ramiro, Assistant Professor of Ophthalmology, Ophthalmology, Vitreoretinal Diseases & Surgery
  • Mruthyunjaya, Prithvi, Adjunct Associate Professor in the Department of Ophthalmology, Ophthalmology, Vitreoretinal Diseases & Surgery
  • Muir, Kelly Walton, Associate Professor of Ophthalmology, Ophthalmology, Glaucoma