Enzyme Activation

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  Subject Areas on Research

  • "Parallel Iterative Reaction Path Optimization in ab initio Quantum Mechanical/Molecular Mechanical Modeling of Enzyme Reaction" 
  • (3H)-Propranolol binding sites in myocardial membranes: nonidentity with beta adrenergic receptors. 
  • 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced astrogliosis does not require activation of ornithine decarboxylase. 
  • 17beta-estradiol differentially activates mitogen-activated protein-kinases and improves survival following reperfusion injury of reduced-size liver in mice. 
  • 2-hydroxyglutarate production, but not dominant negative function, is conferred by glioma-derived NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase mutations. 
  • 2B4 utilizes ITAM-containing receptor complexes to initiate intracellular signaling and cytolysis. 
  • 3D traction stresses activate protease-dependent invasion of cancer cells. 
  • 5-Hydroxytryptamine2A receptors expressed in rat renal mesangial cells inhibit cyclic AMP accumulation. 
  • 5-Lipoxygenase products modulate the activity of the 85-kDa phospholipase A2 in human neutrophils. 
  • 5-Oxo-eicosanoids and hematopoietic cytokines cooperate in stimulating neutrophil function and the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. 
  • 5-Oxo-eicosatetraenoate is a broadly active, eosinophil-selective stimulus for human granulocytes. 
  • 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin-responsive 5-hydroxytryptamine4-like receptor expressed in bovine pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. 
  • A Fas-associated death domain protein/caspase-8-signaling axis promotes S-phase entry and maintains S6 kinase activity in T cells responding to IL-2. 
  • A RIPK3-caspase 8 complex mediates atypical pro-IL-1β processing. 
  • A Wnt-CKIvarepsilon-Rap1 pathway regulates gastrulation by modulating SIPA1L1, a Rap GTPase activating protein. 
  • A caspase homolog keeps CED-3 in check. 
  • A common duplication in the lysyl hydroxylase gene of patients with Ehlers Danlos syndrome type VI results in preferential stimulation of lysyl hydroxylase activity and mRNA by hydralazine. 
  • A conserved alternative splice in the von Recklinghausen neurofibromatosis (NF1) gene produces two neurofibromin isoforms, both of which have GTPase-activating protein activity. 
  • A cut above the other caspases. 
  • A decade of caspases. 
  • A differential role for endocytosis in receptor-mediated activation of Nox1. 
  • A double hit to kill tumor and endothelial cells by TRAIL and antiangiogenic 3TSR. 
  • A feedback loop in the polo-like kinase activation pathway. 
  • A fluorescent assay for agonist-activated phospholipase D in mammalian cell extracts. 
  • A genome-wide RNAi screen reveals multiple regulators of caspase activation. 
  • A glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor is required for membrane localization but dispensable for cell wall association of chitin deacetylase 2 in Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • A high affinity agonist . beta-adrenergic receptor complex is an intermediate for catecholamine stimulation of adenylate cyclase in turkey and frog erythrocyte membranes. 
  • A high affinity, antidote-controllable prothrombin and thrombin-binding RNA aptamer inhibits thrombin generation and thrombin activity. 
  • A human erythropoietin receptor gene mutant causing familial erythrocytosis is associated with deregulation of the rates of Jak2 and Stat5 inactivation. 
  • A mutation of the beta 2-adrenergic receptor impairs agonist activation of adenylyl cyclase without affecting high affinity agonist binding. Distinct molecular determinants of the receptor are involved in physical coupling to and functional activation of Gs. 
  • A mutation-induced activated state of the beta 2-adrenergic receptor. Extending the ternary complex model. 
  • A new (heat) shocking player in cardiac hypertrophy. 
  • A new activating role for CO in cardiac mitochondrial biogenesis. 
  • A nitric oxide/cysteine interaction mediates the activation of soluble guanylate cyclase. 
  • A novel ATM-dependent pathway regulates protein phosphatase 1 in response to DNA damage. 
  • A novel mitochondrial septin-like protein, ARTS, mediates apoptosis dependent on its P-loop motif. 
  • A nuclease-resistant RNA aptamer specifically inhibits angiopoietin-1-mediated Tie2 activation and function. 
  • A peptide c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor blocks mechanical allodynia after spinal nerve ligation: respective roles of JNK activation in primary sensory neurons and spinal astrocytes for neuropathic pain development and maintenance. 
  • A phorbol ester augments cAMP content and adenylyl cyclase activity in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes despite reduced beta adrenoceptor density. 
  • A point mutation in the microtubule binding region of the Ncd motor protein reduces motor velocity. 
  • A potential second messenger role for arachidonic acid: activation of Ca2+-dependent protein kinase. 
  • A potential second messenger role for unsaturated fatty acids: activation of Ca2+-dependent protein kinase. 
  • A region of adenylyl cyclase 2 critical for regulation by G protein beta gamma subunits. 
  • A role for PP1 in the Cdc2/Cyclin B-mediated positive feedback activation of Cdc25. 
  • A role for the G12 family of heterotrimeric G proteins in prostate cancer invasion. 
  • A signaling complex of Ca2+-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV and protein phosphatase 2A. 
  • A structural pathway for activation of the kinesin motor ATPase. 
  • A sulfurtransferase is required in the transfer of cysteine sulfur in the in vitro synthesis of molybdopterin from precursor Z in Escherichia coli. 
  • A tyrosine kinase physically associates with the beta-subunit of the human IL-2 receptor. 
  • A unique protein kinase C-dependent pathway for tissue factor downregulation in pericytes. 
  • A20 protects endothelial cells from TNF-, Fas-, and NK-mediated cell death by inhibiting caspase 8 activation. 
  • A3 adenosine and CB1 receptors activate a PKC-sensitive Cl- current in human nonpigmented ciliary epithelial cells via a G beta gamma-coupled MAPK signaling pathway. 
  • ADA Deficiency: Evaluation of the Clinical and Laboratory Features and the Outcome. 
  • AKT-independent signaling downstream of oncogenic PIK3CA mutations in human cancer. 
  • AKT1 mediates bypass of the G1/S checkpoint after genotoxic stress in normal human cells. 
  • APOE4-VLDL inhibits the HDL-activated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt Pathway via the phosphoinositol phosphatase SHIP2. 
  • APOL1 kidney disease risk variants cause cytotoxicity by depleting cellular potassium and inducing stress-activated protein kinases. 
  • ATM phosphorylates p95/nbs1 in an S-phase checkpoint pathway. 
  • ATP-regulated activity of the plasmin-streptokinase complex: a novel mechanism involving phosphorylation of streptokinase. 
  • Abl tyrosine kinase regulates endocytosis of the epidermal growth factor receptor. 
  • Ablation of calcineurin Aβ reveals hyperlipidemia and signaling cross-talks with phosphodiesterases. 
  • Abnormal parathyroid hormone stimulation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1 alpha-hydroxylase activity in the hypophosphatemic mouse. Evidence for a generalized defect of vitamin D metabolism. 
  • Abscisic acid activation of plasma membrane Ca(2+) channels in guard cells requires cytosolic NAD(P)H and is differentially disrupted upstream and downstream of reactive oxygen species production in abi1-1 and abi2-1 protein phosphatase 2C mutants. 
  • Absence of the RGS9.Gbeta5 GTPase-activating complex in photoreceptors of the R9AP knockout mouse. 
  • Acetyl-CoA:1-O-alkyl-2-lyso-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine acetyltransferase is directly activated by p38 kinase. 
  • Activated c-Abl is degraded by the ubiquitin-dependent proteasome pathway. 
  • Activated conformers of Escherichia coli sulfite reductase heme protein subunit. 
  • Activated forms of H-RAS and K-RAS differentially regulate membrane association of PI3K, PDK-1, and AKT and the effect of therapeutic kinase inhibitors on cell survival. 
  • Activated human plasma carboxypeptidase B is retained in the blood by binding to alpha2-macroglobulin and pregnancy zone protein. 
  • Activated protein C preserves functional islet mass after intraportal transplantation: a novel link between endothelial cell activation, thrombosis, inflammation, and islet cell death. 
  • Activating PKC-β1 at the blood-brain barrier reverses induction of P-glycoprotein activity by dioxin and restores drug delivery to the CNS. 
  • Activation and signaling of the Abl tyrosine kinase: bidirectional link with phosphoinositide signaling. 
  • Activation and targeting of extracellular signal-regulated kinases by beta-arrestin scaffolds. 
  • Activation of 85 kDa PLA2 by eicosanoids in human neutrophils and eosinophils. 
  • Activation of Akt/PDK signaling in macrophages upon binding of receptor-recognized forms of alpha2-macroglobulin to its cellular receptor: effect of silencing the CREB gene. 
  • Activation of JNK pathway in persistent pain. 
  • Activation of MAP kinase by a dual specificity Tyr/Thr kinase. 
  • Activation of MAPK/ERK signaling by Burkholderia pseudomallei cycle inhibiting factor (Cif). 
  • Activation of MEF2 by muscle activity is mediated through a calcineurin-dependent pathway. 
  • Activation of NAD(P)H oxidase by lipid hydroperoxides: mechanism of oxidant-mediated smooth muscle cytotoxicity. 
  • Activation of NADPH oxidase 1 increases intracellular calcium and migration of smooth muscle cells. 
  • Activation of PKC isoform beta(I) at the blood-brain barrier rapidly decreases P-glycoprotein activity and enhances drug delivery to the brain. 
  • Activation of a phosphotyrosine phosphatase by tyrosine phosphorylation. 
  • Activation of adenylate cyclase by beta-adrenergic receptors: investigation of rate limiting steps by simultaneous assay of high affinity agonist binding and GDP release. 
  • Activation of adenylate cyclase by phosphoramidate and phosphonate analogs of GTP: possible role of covalent enzyme-substrate intermediates in the mechanism of hormonal activation. 
  • Activation of beef heart mitochondrial adenosine triphosphatase by 2,4-dinitrophenol. 
  • Activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in G2 phase delays mitotic entry through p21CIP1. 
  • Activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase in the anterior cingulate cortex contributes to the induction and expression of affective pain. 
  • Activation of four enzymes by two series of calmodulin mutants with point mutations in individual Ca2+ binding sites. 
  • Activation of human plasminogen by urokinase. Partial characterization of a pre-activation peptide. 
  • Activation of matrix metalloproteinases following anti-Aβ immunotherapy; implications for microhemorrhage occurrence. 
  • Activation of messenger-independent protein kinases in wild-type and phorbol ester-resistant EL4 thymoma cells. 
  • Activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase by v-Raf in NIH 3T3 cells and in vitro. 
  • Activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway by the antiandrogen hydroxyflutamide in androgen receptor-negative prostate cancer cells. 
  • Activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in spinal microglia contributes to incision-induced mechanical allodynia. 
  • Activation of phenylalanine hydroxylase by phenylalanine. 
  • Activation of pp60c-src is necessary for human vascular smooth muscle cell migration. 
  • Activation of protein kinase C by oleic acid. Determination and analysis of inhibition by detergent micelles and physiologic membranes: requirement for free oleate. 
  • Activation of protein kinase C inhibits human keratinocyte migration. 
  • Activation of src-family tyrosine kinases by LPS regulates cytokine production in dendritic cells by controlling AP-1 formation. 
  • Activation of the ATM kinase by ionizing radiation and phosphorylation of p53. 
  • Activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway and chemotherapeutic resistance. 
  • Activation of the de novo biosynthesis of sphingolipids mediates angiotensin II type 2 receptor-induced apoptosis. 
  • Activation of the respiratory burst enzyme from human neutrophils in a cell-free system. Evidence for a soluble cofactor. 
  • Activation of the respiratory burst enzyme in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes by chemoattractants and other soluble stimuli. Evidence that the same oxidase is activated by different transductional mechanisms. 
  • Activation of the sphingomyelin cycle by brefeldin A: effects of brefeldin A on differentiation and implications for a role for ceramide in regulation of protein trafficking. 
  • Activation of transducin guanosine triphosphatase by two proteins of the RGS family. 
  • Activation of tyrosine kinases in cancer. 
  • Activation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 sustains angiogenesis and Bcl-2 expression via the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway in endothelial cells. 
  • Active involvement of PKC for insulin-mediated rates of muscle protein synthesis in Zucker rats. 
  • Acute pancreatitis induces FasL gene expression and apoptosis in the liver. 
  • Acyl carrier protein-specific 4'-phosphopantetheinyl transferase activates 10-formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase. 
  • Adducin is an in vivo substrate for protein kinase C: phosphorylation in the MARCKS-related domain inhibits activity in promoting spectrin-actin complexes and occurs in many cells, including dendritic spines of neurons. 
  • Adenovirus-mediated transfer of the muscle glycogen phosphorylase gene into hepatocytes confers altered regulation of glycogen metabolism. 
  • Adenylate cyclase-coupled beta-adrenergic receptors: structure and mechanisms of activation and desensitization. 
  • Agonist-dependent phosphorylation of the mouse delta-opioid receptor: involvement of G protein-coupled receptor kinases but not protein kinase C. 
  • Agonist-promoted coupling of the beta-adrenergic receptor with the guanine nucleotide regulatory protein of the adenylate cyclase system. 
  • Agonist-promoted high affinity state of the beta-adrenergic receptor in human neutrophils: modulation by corticosteroids. 
  • Akt activation protects hippocampal neurons from apoptosis by inhibiting transcriptional activity of p53. 
  • Akt/protein kinase B is constitutively active in non-small cell lung cancer cells and promotes cellular survival and resistance to chemotherapy and radiation. 
  • Alkylation of the tumor suppressor PTEN activates Akt and β-catenin signaling: a mechanism linking inflammation and oxidative stress with cancer. 
  • Allosteric activation of proto-oncogene kinase Src by GPCR-beta-arrestin complexes. 
  • Alterations in PKCgamma in the mouse hippocampus after prenatal exposure to heroin: a link from cell signaling to behavioral outcome. 
  • Alterations in an inositol phosphate code through synergistic activation of a G protein and inositol phosphate kinases. 
  • Altered intracellular and extracellular signaling leads to impaired T-cell functions in ADA-SCID patients. 
  • Alternative activation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases in curcumin and arsenite-induced HSP70 gene expression in human colorectal carcinoma cells. 
  • Amino acid substitutions in the Dictyostelium G alpha subunit G alpha 2 produce dominant negative phenotypes and inhibit the activation of adenylyl cyclase, guanylyl cyclase, and phospholipase C. 
  • Aminonaphthalenesulfonamides, a new class of modifiable fluorescent detecting groups and their use in substrates for serine protease enzymes. 
  • An Akt/beta-arrestin 2/PP2A signaling complex mediates dopaminergic neurotransmission and behavior. 
  • An SOD mimic protects NADP+-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase against oxidative inactivation. 
  • An effector site that stimulates G-protein GTPase in photoreceptors. 
  • An engineered liver glycogen phosphorylase with AMP allosteric activation. 
  • An equilibrium binding study of the interaction of aspartate transcarbamylase with cytidine 5'-triphosphate and adenosine 5'-triphosphate. 
  • An essential role for RasGRP1 in mast cell function and IgE-mediated allergic response. 
  • An inactivating caspase 11 passenger mutation originating from the 129 murine strain in mice targeted for c-IAP1. 
  • Analysis of FasL and TRAIL induced apoptosis pathways in glioma cells. 
  • Analysis of the substrate specificity of the Staphylococcus aureus sortase transpeptidase SrtA. 
  • Anchorage of VEGF to the extracellular matrix conveys differential signaling responses to endothelial cells 
  • Angiotensin II attenuates chemical hypoxia-induced caspase-3 activation in primary cortical neuronal cultures. 
  • Angiotensin II-induced MMP-2 activity and MMP-14 and basigin protein expression are mediated via the angiotensin II receptor type 1-mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 pathway in retinal pigment epithelium: implications for age-related macular degeneration. 
  • Anoxia induces phospholipase A2 activation in rabbit renal proximal tubules. 
  • Anti-cell surface pemphigus autoantibody stimulates plasminogen activator activity of human epidermal cells. A mechanism for the loss of epidermal cohesion and blister formation. 
  • Anti-epidermal-cell-surface pemphigus antibody detaches viable epidermal cells from culture plates by activation of proteinase. 
  • Anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha therapy augments dipeptidyl peptidase IV activity and decreases autoantibodies to GRP78/BIP and phosphoglucose isomerase in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. 
  • Antibody-induced proteinase activation: a proposed mechanism for pemphigus. 
  • Antisense to transforming growth factor-beta(1) facilitates the apoptosis of macrophages in rat vein grafts. 
  • Antitumorigenesis of antioxidants in a transgenic Rac1 model of Kaposi's sarcoma. 
  • Apolipoprotein E and peptide mimetics modulate inflammation by binding the SET protein and activating protein phosphatase 2A. 
  • Apolipoprotein E4 stimulates cAMP response element-binding protein transcriptional activity through the extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway. 
  • Apoptosis as a host defense mechanism in Crassostrea virginica and its modulation by Perkinsus marinus. 
  • Arachidonic acid and free fatty acids as second messengers and the role of protein kinase C. 
  • Ascaris haemoglobin is a nitric oxide-activated 'deoxygenase'. 
  • Association of Grb2, Gads, and phospholipase C-gamma 1 with phosphorylated LAT tyrosine residues. Effect of LAT tyrosine mutations on T cell angigen receptor-mediated signaling. 
  • Ataxia telangiectasia mutant protein activates c-Abl tyrosine kinase in response to ionizing radiation. 
  • Attenuation of cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage in mice overexpressing extracellular superoxide dismutase. 
  • Autocrine BDNF-TrkB signalling within a single dendritic spine. 
  • Autoinhibition of casein kinase I epsilon (CKI epsilon) is relieved by protein phosphatases and limited proteolysis. 
  • Autoregulation of enzymes by pseudosubstrate prototopes: myosin light chain kinase. 
  • Aven-dependent activation of ATM following DNA damage. 
  • Bacterial expression and characterization of proteins derived from the chicken calmodulin cDNA and a calmodulin processed gene. 
  • Bcr-Abl-mediated protection from apoptosis downstream of mitochondrial cytochrome c release. 
  • Beta-adrenergic receptors: regulatory role of agonists. 
  • Beta-arrestin 2: a receptor-regulated MAPK scaffold for the activation of JNK3. 
  • Beta-arrestin and Mdm2 mediate IGF-1 receptor-stimulated ERK activation and cell cycle progression. 
  • Beta-arrestin- but not G protein-mediated signaling by the "decoy" receptor CXCR7. 
  • Beta-arrestin-dependent formation of beta2 adrenergic receptor-Src protein kinase complexes. 
  • Beta-arrestin-dependent signaling and trafficking of 7-transmembrane receptors is reciprocally regulated by the deubiquitinase USP33 and the E3 ligase Mdm2. 
  • Beta-arrestin-mediated signaling regulates protein synthesis. 
  • Beta-arrestin1 mediates insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and anti-apoptosis. 
  • Beta-arrestin2-mediated inotropic effects of the angiotensin II type 1A receptor in isolated cardiac myocytes. 
  • Beta-blockers alprenolol and carvedilol stimulate beta-arrestin-mediated EGFR transactivation. 
  • Beta1-adrenergic receptors stimulate cardiac contractility and CaMKII activation in vivo and enhance cardiac dysfunction following myocardial infarction. 
  • Bidirectional signaling links the Abelson kinases to the platelet-derived growth factor receptor. 
  • Bifunctional DNA alkylator 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea activates the ATR-Chk1 pathway independently of the mismatch repair pathway. 
  • Bimodal activation of SMC ATPase by intra- and inter-molecular interactions. 
  • Binding of activated alpha2-macroglobulin to its cell surface receptor GRP78 in 1-LN prostate cancer cells regulates PAK-2-dependent activation of LIMK. 
  • Binding of receptor-recognized forms of alpha2-macroglobulin to the alpha2-macroglobulin signaling receptor activates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. 
  • Binding of tissue-type plasminogen activator to the glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) modulates plasminogen activation and promotes human neuroblastoma cell proliferation in vitro. 
  • Binding stoichiometry and structural mapping of the epsilon polypeptide of chloroplast coupling factor 1. 
  • Biochemical actions of follice-stimulating hormone in the sertoli cell of the rat testis. 
  • Biochemical properties of recombinant human and mouse N-acetylglutamate synthase. 
  • Biogenesis, cellular localization, and functional activation of the heat-stable enterotoxin receptor (guanylyl cyclase C). 
  • Biological cross-reactivity of rat testis phosphodiesterase activator protein and rabbit skeletal muscle troponin-C. 
  • Biomedicine. Insulin resistance takes a trip through the ER. 
  • Biosynthesis of renin: multiplicity of active and intermediate forms. 
  • Biphasic effects of interleukin-1beta on osteoblast differentiation in vitro. 
  • Blockade of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway by U0126 attenuates neuronal damage following circulatory arrest. 
  • Boranophosphates as mimics of natural phosphodiesters in DNA. 
  • Bortezomib sensitizes pancreatic cancer cells to endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis. 
  • Bradykinin and nerve growth factor release the capsaicin receptor from PtdIns(4,5)P2-mediated inhibition. 
  • Bradykinin enhances AMPA and NMDA receptor activity in spinal cord dorsal horn neurons by activating multiple kinases to produce pain hypersensitivity. 
  • Bradykinin receptor subtype 1 expression and function in prostate cancer. 
  • Butyl isocyanide as a probe of the activation mechanism of soluble guanylate cyclase. Investigating the role of non-heme nitric oxide. 
  • CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha is required for transcription of the beta 3-adrenergic receptor gene during adipogenesis. 
  • CD19 amplifies B lymphocyte signal transduction by regulating Src-family protein tyrosine kinase activation. 
  • CD19 regulates Src family protein tyrosine kinase activation in B lymphocytes through processive amplification. 
  • CD36-dependent signaling mediates fatty acid-induced gut release of secretin and cholecystokinin. 
  • CDK2 activation in mouse epidermis induces keratinocyte proliferation but does not affect skin tumor development. 
  • COT drives resistance to RAF inhibition through MAP kinase pathway reactivation. 
  • CYP2E1 activity before and after weight loss in morbidly obese subjects with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. 
  • Ca(2+)/CaM-dependent kinases: from activation to function. 
  • Ca2+-dependent regulation of cyclic-AMP phosphodiesterase by parvalbumin. 
  • CaMKII tethers to L-type Ca2+ channels, establishing a local and dedicated integrator of Ca2+ signals for facilitation. 
  • Cadmium is a potent inhibitor of PPM phosphatases and targets the M1 binding site. 
  • Calcineurin activation causes retinal ganglion cell degeneration. 
  • Calcitonin stimulation of renal 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1 alpha-hydroxylase activity in hypophosphatemic mice. Evidence that the regulation of calcitriol production is not universally abnormal in X-linked hypophosphatemia. 
  • Calcium-dependent cytosolic phospholipase A2 activation is implicated in neuroinflammation and oxidative stress associated with ApoE4. 
  • Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2 regulates macrophage-mediated inflammatory responses. 
  • Calmodulin activation of target enzymes. Consequences of deletions in the central helix. 
  • Calmodulin as an integral subunit of phosphorylase kinase from rabbit skeletal muscle. 
  • Calmodulin kinase II chimeras used to investigate the structural requirements for smooth muscle myosin light chain kinase autoinhibition and calmodulin-dependent activation. 
  • Calmodulin-cardiac troponin C chimeras. Effects of domain exchange on calcium binding and enzyme activation. 
  • Calorie restriction reduces oxidative stress by SIRT3-mediated SOD2 activation. 
  • Can O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase depletion enhance alkylator activity in the clinic? 
  • Cardiac hypertrophy induced by mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7, a specific activator for c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase in ventricular muscle cells. 
  • Cardiac muscle cell hypertrophy and apoptosis induced by distinct members of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase family. 
  • Cardiac myocyte p38α kinase regulates angiogenesis via myocyte-endothelial cell cross-talk during stress-induced remodeling in the heart. 
  • Casein kinase 1: Complexity in the family. 
  • Casein kinase II copurifies with yeast DNA topoisomerase II and re-activates the dephosphorylated enzyme. 
  • Caspase 3 in dying tumor cells mediates post-irradiation angiogenesis. 
  • Caspase 3 promotes surviving melanoma tumor cell growth after cytotoxic therapy. 
  • Caspase activation and amyloid precursor protein cleavage in rat ocular hypertension. 
  • Caspase-3 activation in rat frontal cortex following treatment with typical and atypical antipsychotics. 
  • Caspase-3 dependent cleavage and activation of skeletal muscle phosphorylase b kinase. 
  • Caspase-3-dependent cleavage of Bcl-2 promotes release of cytochrome c. 
  • Caspase-mediated cleavage of HuR in the cytoplasm contributes to pp32/PHAP-I regulation of apoptosis. 
  • Catecholamine stimulated myocardial adenylate cyclase: effects of phospholipase digestion and the role of membrane lipids. 
  • Cathepsin B1. A lysosomal enzyme that degrades native collagen. 
  • Cdk2 deficiency decreases ras/CDK4-dependent malignant progression, but not myc-induced tumorigenesis. 
  • Cell surface adenosine deaminase binds and stimulates plasminogen activation on 1-LN human prostate cancer cells. 
  • Cell survival promoted by the Ras-MAPK signaling pathway by transcription-dependent and -independent mechanisms. 
  • Cell-autonomous activation of the PI3-kinase pathway initiates endometrial cancer from adult uterine epithelium. 
  • Cell-free heterologous desensitization of adenylyl cyclase in S49 lymphoma cell membranes mediated by cAMP-dependent protein kinase. 
  • Cellular FLIP Inhibits Myeloid Cell Activation by Suppressing Selective Innate Signaling. 
  • Cellular expression of the carboxyl terminus of a G protein-coupled receptor kinase attenuates G beta gamma-mediated signaling. 
  • Challenges for providing effective hemostasis in surgery and trauma. 
  • Characteristics of 5'-guanylyl imidodiphosphate-activated adenylate cyclase. 
  • Characterization and follicle stimulating hormone activation of Sertoli cell cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinases. 
  • Characterization of Escherichia coli MoeB and its involvement in the activation of molybdopterin synthase for the biosynthesis of the molybdenum cofactor. 
  • Characterization of inactive renin from human kidney and plasma. Evidence of a renal source of circulating inactive renin. 
  • Characterization of nitrosoalkane binding and activation of soluble guanylate cyclase. 
  • Characterization of prolidase activity using capillary electrophoresis with tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) electrochemiluminescence detection and application to evaluate collagen degradation in diabetes mellitus. 
  • Characterization of prorenin activation using a synthetic peptide substrate. 
  • Characterization of purified rabbit uterine renin: influence of pregnancy on uterine inactive renin. 
  • Characterization of substrate phosphorylation and use of calmodulin mutants to address implications from the enzyme crystal structure of calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I. 
  • Characterization of sulfhydryl groups on chloroplast coupling factor 1 exposed by heat activation. 
  • Characterization of the plasminogen receptors of normal and rheumatoid arthritis human synovial fibroblasts. 
  • Characterization of the role of the amino-terminal proline in the enzymatic activity catalyzed by macrophage migration inhibitory factor. 
  • Chemoattractant receptor-induced phosphorylation of L-selectin. 
  • Chemoattractant-elicited alterations of cAMP levels in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes require a Ca2+-dependent mechanism which is independent of transmembrane activation of adenylate cyclase. 
  • Chimeric calmodulin-cardiac troponin C proteins differentially activate calmodulin target enzymes. 
  • Choline Acetyltransferase Mutations Causing Congenital Myasthenic Syndrome: Molecular Findings and Genotype-Phenotype Correlations. 
  • Chronic cigarette smoke extract treatment selects for apoptotic dysfunction and mitochondrial mutations in minimally transformed oral keratinocytes. 
  • Chronic ethanol consumption disturbs G-protein expression and inhibits cyclic AMP-dependent signaling in regenerating rat liver. 
  • Chronic ethanol exposure potentiates lipopolysaccharide liver injury despite inhibiting Jun N-terminal kinase and caspase 3 activation. 
  • Chronic inhibition of cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase 5A prevents and reverses cardiac hypertrophy. 
  • Cinaciguat, a soluble guanylate cyclase activator: results from the randomized, controlled, phase IIb COMPOSE programme in acute heart failure syndromes. 
  • Clinical spectrum of pyruvate kinase deficiency: data from the Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency Natural History Study. 
  • Cloning and characterization of ATRAP, a novel protein that interacts with the angiotensin II type 1 receptor. 
  • Commentary. Molecular pharmacology of beta-adrenergic receptors--a status report. 
  • Comparison of alkylacylglycerol vs. diacylglycerol as activators of mitogen-activated protein kinase and cytosolic phospholipase A2 in human neutrophil priming. 
  • Competing G protein-coupled receptor kinases balance G protein and β-arrestin signaling. 
  • Complex drug interactions of HIV protease inhibitors 1: inactivation, induction, and inhibition of cytochrome P450 3A by ritonavir or nelfinavir. 
  • Components of a calmodulin-dependent protein kinase cascade. Molecular cloning, functional characterization and cellular localization of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase beta. 
  • Compounds from silicones alter enzyme activity in curing barnacle glue and model enzymes. 
  • Concurrent production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species by airway epithelial cells in vitro. 
  • Conformational plasticity in the selectivity filter of the TRPV2 ion channel. 
  • Consumption of a high-fat diet in adulthood ameliorates the effects of neonatal parathion exposure on acetylcholine systems in rat brain regions. 
  • Control of mitotic exit by PP2A regulation of Cdc25C and Cdk1. 
  • Control of simian virus 40 DNA replication by the HeLa cell nuclear kinase casein kinase I. 
  • Control of the postmating behavioral switch in Drosophila females by internal sensory neurons. 
  • Conversion of Bcl-2 to a Bax-like death effector by caspases. 
  • Cooperative activation of human factor IX by the human extrinsic pathway of blood coagulation. 
  • Coordinate regulation of forskolin-induced cellular proliferation in macrophages by protein kinase A/cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB) and Epac1-Rap1 signaling: effects of silencing CREB gene expression on Akt activation. 
  • Coordinate regulation of stress- and mitogen-activated protein kinases in the apoptotic actions of ceramide and sphingosine. 
  • Correlation of enzymatic activities and aggregation state in chicken liver fatty acid synthase. 
  • Costimulation of adenylyl cyclase and phospholipase C by a mutant alpha 1B-adrenergic receptor transgene promotes malignant transformation of thyroid follicular cells. 
  • Coupling endoplasmic reticulum stress to cell death program in isolated human pancreatic islets: effects of gene transfer of Bcl-2. 
  • Covalently immobilized platelet-derived growth factor-BB promotes angiogenesis in biomimetic poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogels. 
  • Cross-desensitization of receptors for peptide chemoattractants. Characterization of a new form of leukocyte regulation. 
  • Cross-linking of fibrin by fibrin=stabilizing factor. 
  • Crystal structure of an activated response regulator bound to its target. 
  • Curcumin inhibits LPS-induced CCL2 expression via JNK pathway in C6 rat astrocytoma cells. 
  • Cutting edge: Mouse NAIP1 detects the type III secretion system needle protein. 
  • Cutting edge: TGF-beta-induced expression of Foxp3 in T cells is mediated through inactivation of ERK. 
  • Cyclic GMP as substrate and regulator of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs). 
  • Cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate-dependent protein kinase. 
  • Cyr61 mediates hepatocyte growth factor-dependent tumor cell growth, migration, and Akt activation. 
  • Cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator regulates uptake of sphingoid base phosphates and lysophosphatidic acid: modulation of cellular activity of sphingosine 1-phosphate. 
  • Cytoplasmic LPS activates caspase-11: implications in TLR4-independent endotoxic shock. 
  • Cytoplasmic flagellin activates caspase-1 and secretion of interleukin 1beta via Ipaf. 
  • DNA-dependent activation of the hMutSalpha ATPase. 
  • Decoupling of nucleotide- and microtubule-binding sites in a kinesin mutant. 
  • Defective survival and activation of thymocytes in transgenic mice expressing a catalytically inactive form of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV. 
  • Deficiency of Adenosine Deaminase 2 (DADA2): Hidden Variants, Reduced Penetrance, and Unusual Inheritance. 
  • Deletion of presenilin 1 hydrophilic loop sequence leads to impaired gamma-secretase activity and exacerbated amyloid pathology. 
  • Deletion of the glutamate carboxypeptidase II gene in mice reveals a second enzyme activity that hydrolyzes N-acetylaspartylglutamate. 
  • Dependence of leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) kinase activity on dimerization. 
  • Deregulated PP1α phosphatase activity towards MAPK activation is antagonized by a tumor suppressive failsafe mechanism. 
  • Derlin-1 is overexpressed in non-small cell lung cancer and promotes cancer cell invasion via EGFR-ERK-mediated up-regulation of MMP-2 and MMP-9. 
  • Desensitization of beta-adrenergic receptors by beta-adrenergic agonists in a cell-free system: resensitization by guanosine 5'-(beta, gamma-imino)triphosphate and other purine nucleotides. 
  • Desensitization of beta-adrenergic stimulated adenylate cyclase in turkey erythrocytes. 
  • Desensitization, internalization, and signaling functions of beta-arrestins demonstrated by RNA interference. 
  • Design and synthesis of manganese porphyrins with tailored lipophilicity: investigation of redox properties and superoxide dismutase activity. 
  • Detection and characterization of a glutathione conjugate of ochratoxin A. 
  • Detection of cytochrome C in a single cell using an optical nanobiosensor. 
  • Detection of pyroptosis by measuring released lactate dehydrogenase activity. 
  • Deubiquitinases and their emerging roles in β-arrestin-mediated signaling. 
  • Development of a cell-based, high-throughput screening assay for ATM kinase inhibitors. 
  • Diabetic liver injury from streptozotocin is regulated through the caspase-8 homolog cFLIP involving activation of JNK2 and intrahepatic immunocompetent cells. 
  • Diacylglycerol kinase zeta regulates actin cytoskeleton reorganization through dissociation of Rac1 from RhoGDI. 
  • Diacylglycerol kinase zeta regulates microbial recognition and host resistance to Toxoplasma gondii. 
  • Different effects of opioid and cannabinoid receptor agonists on C-fiber-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation in dorsal horn neurons in normal and spinal nerve-ligated rats. 
  • Differential activation of human neutrophil cytosolic phospholipase A2 and secretory phospholipase A2 during priming by 1,2-diacyl- and 1-O-alkyl-2-acylglycerols. 
  • Differential activation of nitric-oxide synthase isozymes by calmodulin-troponin C chimeras. 
  • Differential activity of protein kinase C in alveolar and peritoneal macrophages. 
  • Differential apoptosis-inducing effect of quercetin and its glycosides in human promyeloleukemic HL-60 cells by alternative activation of the caspase 3 cascade. 
  • Differential effects of GTP on the coupling of beta-adrenergic receptors to adenylate cyclase from frog and turkey erythrocytes. Application of new methods for the analysis of receptor-effector coupling. 
  • Differential effects of arsenic trioxide on chemosensitization in human hepatic tumor and stellate cell lines. 
  • Differential expression of platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase in macrophages and monocyte-derived dendritic cells. 
  • Differential isoform-specific regulation of calcium-independent protein kinase C in rat cerebral cortex. 
  • Differential kinetic and spatial patterns of beta-arrestin and G protein-mediated ERK activation by the angiotensin II receptor. 
  • Differential regulation of c-jun and CREB by acrolein and 4-hydroxynonenal. 
  • Differential regulation of dopamine D1A receptor responsiveness by various G protein-coupled receptor kinases. 
  • Differential secretion of proLHRH fragments in response to [K+], prostaglandin E2 and C kinase activation. 
  • Differential stimulation of the respiratory burst and lysosomal enzyme secretion in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes by synthetic diacylglycerols. 
  • Direct binding of activated c-Src to the beta 3-adrenergic receptor is required for MAP kinase activation. 
  • Direct evidence that Gi-coupled receptor stimulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase is mediated by G beta gamma activation of p21ras. 
  • Directed enzymatic activation of 1-D DNA tiles. 
  • Directed evolution of the surface chemistry of the reporter enzyme beta-glucuronidase. 
  • Disrupting the vicious cycle created by NOX activation in sickle erythrocytes exposed to hypoxia/reoxygenation prevents adhesion and vasoocclusion. 
  • Disruption of Mekk2 in mice reveals an unexpected role for MEKK2 in modulating T-cell receptor signal transduction. 
  • Disruption of type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase activity in cultured human glial cells by polybrominated diphenyl ethers. 
  • Dissociation of nitric oxide from soluble guanylate cyclase and heme-nitric oxide/oxygen binding domain constructs. 
  • Distinct pathways of Gi- and Gq-mediated mitogen-activated protein kinase activation. 
  • Distinct requirements for Ras oncogenesis in human versus mouse cells. 
  • Distinct roles of Rho1, Cdc42, and Cyk3 in septum formation and abscission during yeast cytokinesis. 
  • Distinct roles of matrix metalloproteases in the early- and late-phase development of neuropathic pain. 
  • Divalent cation activation of galactosyltransferase in native mammary Golgi vesicles. 
  • Domain II of calmodulin is involved in activation of calcineurin. 
  • Duplication of single stranded DNA catalyzed by calf thymus DNA polymerase alpha. 
  • Dying for NF-kappaB? Control of cell death by transcriptional regulation of the apoptotic machinery. 
  • Dying glioma cells establish a proangiogenic microenvironment through a caspase 3 dependent mechanism. 
  • Dying tumor cells stimulate proliferation of living tumor cells via caspase-dependent protein kinase Cδ activation in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. 
  • Dynamic ubiquitination of the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAPKK) Ste7 determines mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) specificity. 
  • ERK MAP kinase activation in superficial spinal cord neurons induces prodynorphin and NK-1 upregulation and contributes to persistent inflammatory pain hypersensitivity. 
  • Early sequence of biochemical events in the action of follicle stimulating hormone on the testis. 
  • Editor's Highlight: Metformin Protects Against Acetaminophen Hepatotoxicity by Attenuation of Mitochondrial Oxidant Stress and Dysfunction. 
  • Effect of a dominant negative ras on myocardial hypertrophy by using adenoviral-mediated gene transfer. 
  • Effect of cellular expression of pleckstrin homology domains on Gi-coupled receptor signaling. 
  • Effect of cyclic stretch on beta1D-integrin expression and activation of FAK and RhoA. 
  • Effect of cysteine residues on the activity of arginyl-tRNA synthetase from Escherichia coli. 
  • Effect of ethanol on tumor necrosis factor signaling during liver regeneration. 
  • Effect of genetic circular permutation near the active site on the activity and stability of an enzyme inhibitor. 
  • Effect of ischemic preconditioning and PKC activation on acidification during ischemia in rat heart. 
  • Effect of proximal transposition of the ileum on mucosal growth and enzyme activity in orally nourished rats. 
  • Effects of donor age on proteasome activity and senescence in trabecular meshwork cells. 
  • Effects of fetal dexamethasone exposure on postnatal control of cardiac adenylate cyclase: beta-adrenergic receptor coupling to Gs regulatory protein. 
  • Effects of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 on CD4 lymphocyte subset activation. 
  • Effects of modulation of glycerol kinase expression on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in human muscle cells. 
  • Effects of neonatal treatment with 6-aminonicotinamide on basal and isoproterenol-stimulated ornithine decarboxylase activity in cerebellum of the development rat. 
  • Effects of neuronal PIK3C3/Vps34 deletion on autophagy and beyond. 
  • Effects of sphingosine-1-phosphate and ceramide-1-phosphate on rat intestinal smooth muscle cells: implications for postoperative ileus. 
  • Elevated hydrostatic pressure stimulates ATP release which mediates activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome via P2X4 in rat urothelial cells. 
  • Elevation of cAMP is required for down-regulation, but not agonist-induced desensitization, of endogenous dopamine D1 receptors in opossum kidney cells. Studies in cells that stably express a rat cAMP phosphodiesterase (rPDE3) cDNA. 
  • Emergent bistability by a growth-modulating positive feedback circuit. 
  • Emerging treatment options to improve cardiovascular outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome: focus on losmapimod. 
  • Emi2-mediated inhibition of E2-substrate ubiquitin transfer by the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome through a D-box-independent mechanism. 
  • Emodin induces apoptosis in human promyeloleukemic HL-60 cells accompanied by activation of caspase 3 cascade but independent of reactive oxygen species production. 
  • En bloc substitution of the Src homology region 2 domain activates the transforming potential of the c-Abl protein tyrosine kinase. 
  • Endocytosis of functional epidermal growth factor receptor-green fluorescent protein chimera. 
  • Endogenous protein kinase-C activation in osteoblast-like cells modulates responsiveness to estrogen and estrogen receptor levels. 
  • Endoglin regulates PI3-kinase/Akt trafficking and signaling to alter endothelial capillary stability during angiogenesis. 
  • Endonucleolytic function of MutLalpha in human mismatch repair. 
  • Endothelial cell surface ATP synthase-triggered caspase-apoptotic pathway is essential for k1-5-induced antiangiogenesis. 
  • Endothelin-1 activates endothelial cell nitric-oxide synthase via heterotrimeric G-protein betagamma subunit signaling to protein jinase B/Akt. 
  • Engineering a BCR-ABL-activated caspase for the selective elimination of leukemic cells. 
  • Enhanced Galphaq signaling: a common pathway mediates cardiac hypertrophy and apoptotic heart failure. 
  • Enhanced adenylate cyclase activity of turkey erythrocytes following treatment with beta-adrenergic receptor antagonists. 
  • Enhanced efficacy from gene therapy in Pompe disease using coreceptor blockade. 
  • Enhanced sensitivity to cytochrome c-induced apoptosis mediated by PHAPI in breast cancer cells. 
  • Enzymatic properties of ALDH1L2, a mitochondrial 10-formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase. 
  • Enzyme dehydration using Microglassification™ preserves the protein's structure and function. 
  • Epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor-dependent ERK activation by G protein-coupled receptors: a co-culture system for identifying intermediates upstream and downstream of heparin-binding EGF shedding. 
  • Epidermal growth factor receptor trans-activation mediates the tonic and fibrogenic effects of endothelin in the aortic wall of transgenic mice. 
  • Epigenetic regulation of human gamma-glutamyl hydrolase activity in acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells. 
  • Epitope-specific signaling through CD45 on T lymphocytes leads to cAMP synthesis in monocytes after ICAM-1-dependent cellular interaction. 
  • Erythrocyte plasma membrane-bound ERK1/2 activation promotes ICAM-4-mediated sickle red cell adhesion to endothelium. 
  • Essential role for G protein-coupled receptor endocytosis in the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase. 
  • Essential roles for calcium and calmodulin in G2/M progression in Aspergillus nidulans. 
  • Estrogen-induced activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase requires mobilization of intracellular calcium. 
  • Estrogen-induced mitogenesis of MCF-7 cells does not require the induction of mitogen-activated protein kinase activity. 
  • Ethyl pyruvate prevents lethality in mice with established lethal sepsis and systemic inflammation. 
  • Evidence for regulation of the human ABL tyrosine kinase by a cellular inhibitor. 
  • Evidence that activation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase by insulin in adipocytes is mediated by a low-Mr effector and not by increased phosphorylation. 
  • Exercise maintains euglycemia in association with decreased activation of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase and serine phosphorylation of IRS-1 in the liver of ZDF rats. 
  • Expression of TERT in early premalignant lesions and a subset of cells in normal tissues. 
  • Expression, enzyme activity, and subcellular localization of mammalian target of rapamycin in insulin-responsive cells. 
  • Extent of Cell Confinement in Microtracks Affects Speed and Results in Differential Matrix Strains. 
  • Extrahelical (CAG)/(CTG) triplet repeat elements support proliferating cell nuclear antigen loading and MutLα endonuclease activation. 
  • FGF signals guide migration of mesenchymal cells, control skeletal morphogenesis [corrected] and regulate gastrulation during sea urchin development. 
  • FRA1 promotes squamous cell carcinoma growth and metastasis through distinct AKT and c-Jun dependent mechanisms. 
  • FSH stimulation of protein kinase inhibitor: regulation of cellular metabolism. 
  • Fatty acid synthase inhibition engages a novel caspase-2 regulatory mechanism to induce ovarian cancer cell death. 
  • Fatty liver vulnerability to endotoxin-induced damage despite NF-kappaB induction and inhibited caspase 3 activation. 
  • Feedback regulation of beta-arrestin1 function by extracellular signal-regulated kinases. 
  • First report of urease activity in the novel systemic fungal pathogen Emergomyces africanus: a comparison with the neurotrope Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Flavopiridol induces apoptosis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells via activation of caspase-3 without evidence of bcl-2 modulation or dependence on functional p53. 
  • Follicle stimulating hormone regulation of protein kinase activity and protein synthesis in testis. 
  • Follicle-stimulating hormone activation of glycogen phosphorylase in the Sertoli cell-enriched rat testis. 
  • Frequent engagement of the classical and alternative NF-kappaB pathways by diverse genetic abnormalities in multiple myeloma. 
  • Functional analysis of LAT in TCR-mediated signaling pathways using a LAT-deficient Jurkat cell line. 
  • Functional consequences of truncating amino acid side chains located at a calmodulin-peptide interface. 
  • Functional diversity of mammalian type 2C protein phosphatase isoforms: new tales from an old family. 
  • Functional interaction between c-Abl and the p21-activated protein kinase gamma-PAK. 
  • Functional modification of the guanine nucleotide regulatory protein after desensitization of turkey erythrocytes by catecholamines. 
  • Functional significance of the central helix in calmodulin. 
  • Functionally active targeting domain of the beta-adrenergic receptor kinase: an inhibitor of G beta gamma-mediated stimulation of type II adenylyl cyclase. 
  • G beta gamma subunits mediate mitogen-activated protein kinase activation by the tyrosine kinase insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor. 
  • G protein beta gamma subunits stimulate phosphorylation of Shc adapter protein. 
  • G(o)-protein alpha-subunits activate mitogen-activated protein kinase via a novel protein kinase C-dependent mechanism. 
  • G-protein-coupled receptors and their regulation: activation of the MAP kinase signaling pathway by G-protein-coupled receptors. 
  • GIPC interacts with the beta1-adrenergic receptor and regulates beta1-adrenergic receptor-mediated ERK activation. 
  • GRP94/gp96 elicits ERK activation in murine macrophages. A role for endotoxin contamination in NF-kappa B activation and nitric oxide production. 
  • GTPase activating specificity of RGS12 and binding specificity of an alternatively spliced PDZ (PSD-95/Dlg/ZO-1) domain. 
  • GTPase activity and neuronal toxicity of Parkinson's disease-associated LRRK2 is regulated by ArfGAP1. 
  • Gbetagamma-dependent phosphoinositide 3-kinase activation in hearts with in vivo pressure overload hypertrophy. 
  • Gene expression changes and signaling events associated with the direct antimelanoma effect of IFN-gamma. 
  • Glucocorticoid treatment alleviates dystrophic myofiber pathology by activation of the calcineurin/NF-AT pathway. 
  • Glucocorticoid-induced osteogenesis is negatively regulated by Runx2/Cbfa1 serine phosphorylation. 
  • Glucose 6-phosphate produced by glucokinase, but not hexokinase I, promotes the activation of hepatic glycogen synthase. 
  • Gnidimacrin, a Potent Anti-HIV Diterpene, Can Eliminate Latent HIV-1 Ex Vivo by Activation of Protein Kinase C β. 
  • Gp91phox contributes to NADPH oxidase activity in aortic fibroblasts but not smooth muscle cells. 
  • Growth factor induced activation of Rho and Rac GTPases and actin cytoskeletal reorganization in human lens epithelial cells. 
  • Growth hormone regulates phosphorylation and function of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta by modulating Akt and glycogen synthase kinase-3. 
  • Guanosine triphosphate binding sites in solubilized myocardium. Relation to adenylate cyclase activity. 
  • Guanylate binding proteins promote caspase-11-dependent pyroptosis in response to cytoplasmic LPS. 
  • Guanylyl cyclase-D in the olfactory CO2 neurons is activated by bicarbonate. 
  • HDAC6 is required for epidermal growth factor-induced beta-catenin nuclear localization. 
  • Heat-dependent opening of TRPV1 in the presence of capsaicin. 
  • Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in ADA2 Deficiency: Early Restoration of ADA2 Enzyme Activity and Disease Relapse upon Drop of Donor Chimerism. 
  • Hematopoietic stem cells are acutely sensitive to Acd shelterin gene inactivation. 
  • Heme Oxygenase-1/Carbon Monoxide System and Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation and Maturation into Cardiomyocytes. 
  • Heparin oligosaccharides enhance tissue-type plasminogen activator: a correlation between oligosaccharide length and stimulation of plasminogen activation. 
  • Hepatic FOXO1 Target Genes Are Co-regulated by Thyroid Hormone via RICTOR Protein Deacetylation and MTORC2-AKT Protein Inhibition. 
  • Hepatic hyperplasia in noncirrhotic fatty livers: is obesity-related hepatic steatosis a premalignant condition? 
  • Hepatic mTORC1 Opposes Impaired Insulin Action to Control Mitochondrial Metabolism in Obesity. 
  • Hereditary pancreatitis is caused by a mutation in the cationic trypsinogen gene. 
  • High levels of glucose stimulate angiotensinogen gene expression via the P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in rat kidney proximal tubular cells. 
  • Histone deacetylase 6 regulates growth factor-induced actin remodeling and endocytosis. 
  • Homozygous APC-resistance combined with inherited type I protein S deficiency in a young boy with severe thrombotic disease. 
  • Hormonal activation of ornithine decarboxylase in embryonic chick pelvic cartilage. 
  • How Gsalpha activates adenylyl cyclase. 
  • Human Factor XIII from plasma and platelets. Molecular weights, subunit structures, proteolytic activation, and cross-linking of fibrinogen and fibrin. 
  • Human calcium-calmodulin dependent protein kinase I: cDNA cloning, domain structure and activation by phosphorylation at threonine-177 by calcium-calmodulin dependent protein kinase I kinase. 
  • Human mesenchymal stem cells exert potent antitumorigenic effects in a model of Kaposi's sarcoma. 
  • Hydration potential of lysozyme: protein dehydration using a single microparticle technique. 
  • Hydrogen Sulfide Prevents and Partially Reverses Ozone-Induced Features of Lung Inflammation and Emphysema in Mice. 
  • Hydrogen peroxide sensor HPCA1 is an LRR receptor kinase in Arabidopsis. 
  • Hydrolytically deficient MutS E694A is defective in the MutL-dependent activation of MutH and in the mismatch-dependent assembly of the MutS.MutL.heteroduplex complex. 
  • Hyperactivated JNK is a therapeutic target in pVHL-deficient renal cell carcinoma. 
  • Hyperglycemia induces insulin resistance on angiotensinogen gene expression in diabetic rat kidney proximal tubular cells. 
  • Hypothermic reperfusion after cardiac arrest augments brain-derived neurotrophic factor activation. 
  • Hypoxia Signaling Cascade for Erythropoietin Production in Hepatocytes. 
  • ICAM-1-mediated, Src- and Pyk2-dependent vascular endothelial cadherin tyrosine phosphorylation is required for leukocyte transendothelial migration. 
  • IFN-α inhibits telomerase in human CD8⁺ T cells by both hTERT downregulation and induction of p38 MAPK signaling. 
  • IKKβ promotes metabolic adaptation to glutamine deprivation via phosphorylation and inhibition of PFKFB3. 
  • Identification and regulation of beta-adrenergic receptors. 
  • Identification of a defect in the phospholipase D/diacylglycerol pathway in cellular senescence. 
  • Identification of a motif in the carboxyl terminus of beta -arrestin2 responsible for activation of JNK3. 
  • Identification of a region at the N-terminus of phospholipase C-beta 3 that interacts with G protein beta gamma subunits. 
  • Identification of amino acids essential for calmodulin binding and activation of smooth muscle myosin light chain kinase. 
  • Identification of an allosteric small-molecule inhibitor selective for the inducible form of heat shock protein 70. 
  • Identification of arachidonic acid as a mediator of sphingomyelin hydrolysis in response to tumor necrosis factor alpha. 
  • Identification of cardiac beta-adrenergic receptors by (minus) [3H]alprenolol binding. 
  • Identification of the same factor V gene mutation in 47 out of 50 thrombosis-prone families with inherited resistance to activated protein C. 
  • Identification, partial purification, and characterization of a novel phospholipid-dependent and fatty acid-activated protein kinase from human platelets. 
  • Imaging molecular pathways: reporter genes. 
  • Immune hemolytic transfusion reactions in monkeys: activation of the kallikrein system. 
  • Impaired expression and functional activity of the beta 3- and beta 1-adrenergic receptors in adipose tissue of congenitally obese (C57BL/6J ob/ob) mice. 
  • Importance of the beta12-beta13 loop in protein phosphatase-1 catalytic subunit for inhibition by toxins and mammalian protein inhibitors. 
  • In vitro cell cycle arrest induced by using artificial DNA templates. 
  • In vitro reconstitution of demolybdosulfite oxidase by a molybdenum cofactor from rat liver and other sources. 
  • In vitro reconstitution of demolybdosulfite oxidase by molybdate. 
  • In vivo and in vitro inhibition of CYP1A-dependent activity in Fundulus heteroclitus by the polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon fluoranthene. 
  • Inactivation of 4-oxalocrotonate tautomerase by 2-oxo-3-pentynoate. 
  • Inactivation of the Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide Receptor Improves Outcomes following Experimental Myocardial Infarction. 
  • Increased expression of Nox1 in neointimal smooth muscle cells promotes activation of matrix metalloproteinase-9. 
  • Increased glucose disposal induced by adenovirus-mediated transfer of glucokinase to skeletal muscle in vivo. 
  • Increased hepatic fibrosis and JNK2-dependent liver injury in mice exhibiting hepatocyte-specific deletion of cFLIP. 
  • Increased levels of apoptosis in gastrocnemius skeletal muscle in patients with peripheral arterial disease. 
  • Increased plasma arginase activity in human sepsis: association with increased circulating neutrophils. 
  • Independent beta-arrestin 2 and G protein-mediated pathways for angiotensin II activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2. 
  • Inducible and cardiac specific PTEN inactivation protects ischemia/reperfusion injury. 
  • Induction of apoptosis in vascular smooth muscle cells by mechanical stretch. 
  • Induction of intracellular cAMP by a synthetic retroviral envelope peptide: a possible mechanism of immunopathogenesis in retroviral infections. 
  • Induction of nitric oxide in cultured microglia: evidence for a cytoprotective role. 
  • Induction of preneoplastic lung lesions in guinea pigs by cigarette smoke inhalation and their exacerbation by high dietary levels of vitamins C and E. 
  • Inflammasome Activation by Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles Requires Guanylate Binding Proteins. 
  • Influence of actin cytoskeletal integrity on matrix metalloproteinase-2 activation in cultured human trabecular meshwork cells. 
  • Inhibition of CYP1A1 enzyme activity in mouse hepatoma cell culture by soybean isoflavones. 
  • Inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity in MCF-7 cells prevents estrogen-induced mitogenesis. 
  • Inhibition of muscarinic-coupled phosphoinositide hydrolysis by N-methyl-D-aspartate is dependent on depolarization via channel activation. 
  • Inhibition of polysome assembly enhances imatinib activity against chronic myelogenous leukemia and overcomes imatinib resistance. 
  • Inhibition of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway but not the MEK/ERK pathway attenuates laminin-mediated small cell lung cancer cellular survival and resistance to imatinib mesylate or chemotherapy. 
  • Inhibition of thyroid hormone sulfotransferase activity by brominated flame retardants and halogenated phenolics. 
  • Initiating cellular stress responses. 
  • Inositol diphosphate signaling regulates telomere length. 
  • Insulin activates a novel adipocyte mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase that shows rapid phasic kinetics and is distinct from c-Raf. 
  • Insulin receptor substrate is a mediator of phosphoinositide 3-kinase activation in quiescent pancreatic cancer cells. 
  • Interaction sites of the C-terminal region of the cGMP phosphodiesterase inhibitory subunit with the GDP-bound transducin alpha-subunit. 
  • Interferon-β therapy against EAE is effective only when development of the disease depends on the NLRP3 inflammasome. 
  • Interleukin-3-induced activation of the JAK/STAT pathway is prolonged by proteasome inhibitors. 
  • Internalization of FimH+ Escherichia coli by the human mast cell line (HMC-1 5C6) involves protein kinase C. 
  • Intracellular K+ suppresses the activation of apoptosis in lymphocytes. 
  • Ionizing radiation activates the ATM kinase throughout the cell cycle. 
  • Ionotropic and metabotropic receptors, protein kinase A, protein kinase C, and Src contribute to C-fiber-induced ERK activation and cAMP response element-binding protein phosphorylation in dorsal horn neurons, leading to central sensitization. 
  • Irreversible activation of adenylate cyclase of toad erythrocyte plasma membrane by 5'-guanylylimidodiphosphate. 
  • Isolated beta-adrenergic binding sites: a potential assay vehicle for catecholamines. 
  • Isolation and properties of beta-glucosidase from Ruminococcus albus. 
  • Isolation and regulation of the protein kinase inhibitor and the calcium-dependent cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase regulator in the Sertoli cell-enriched testis. 
  • Isoprenylcysteine carboxylmethyltransferase regulates mitochondrial respiration and cancer cell metabolism. 
  • JNK activation decreases PP2A regulatory subunit B56alpha expression and mRNA stability and increases AUF1 expression in cardiomyocytes. 
  • JNK-induced MCP-1 production in spinal cord astrocytes contributes to central sensitization and neuropathic pain. 
  • Janus kinase 3-activating mutations identified in natural killer/T-cell lymphoma. 
  • Kalirin promotes neointimal hyperplasia by activating Rac in smooth muscle cells. 
  • Keratinocyte urokinase-type plasminogen activator is secreted as a single chain precursor. 
  • Kinetic analysis of the effects of glycosaminoglycans and lipoproteins on urokinase-mediated plasminogen activation. 
  • Kinetic mechanism of RGS9-1 potentiation by R9AP. 
  • Kinetics of irreversible activation of adenylate cyclase of fat cell membranes by phosphonium and phosphoramidate analogs of gtp1. 
  • Kinetics of thermal unfolding of phenylalanine hydroxylase variants containing different metal cofactors (FeII, CoII, and ZnII) and their isokinetic relationship. 
  • Knockdown of AHR1A but not AHR1B exacerbates PAH and PCB-126 toxicity in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos. 
  • LAT is required for TCR-mediated activation of PLCgamma1 and the Ras pathway. 
  • LAT is required for tyrosine phosphorylation of phospholipase cgamma2 and platelet activation by the collagen receptor GPVI. 
  • LKB1 reduces ROS-mediated cell damage via activation of p38. 
  • Lack of association between serum paraoxonase-1 activity and residual platelet aggregation during dual anti-platelet therapy. 
  • Large A-fiber activity is required for microglial proliferation and p38 MAPK activation in the spinal cord: different effects of resiniferatoxin and bupivacaine on spinal microglial changes after spared nerve injury. 
  • Lefty proteins exhibit unique processing and activate the MAPK pathway. 
  • Ligation of cell surface GRP78 with antibody directed against the COOH-terminal domain of GRP78 suppresses Ras/MAPK and PI 3-kinase/AKT signaling while promoting caspase activation in human prostate cancer cells. 
  • Ligation of cell surface-associated glucose-regulated protein 78 by receptor-recognized forms of alpha 2-macroglobulin: activation of p21-activated protein kinase-2-dependent signaling in murine peritoneal macrophages. 
  • Ligation of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein with antibodies elevates intracellular calcium and inositol 1,4, 5-trisphosphate in macrophages. 
  • Lineage-specific signaling in melanocytes. C-kit stimulation recruits p300/CBP to microphthalmia. 
  • Lipid specificity of beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase activation. 
  • Lipoprotein (a): purification and kinetic analysis. 
  • MAPK-activated protein kinase-2 in cardiac hypertrophy and cyclooxygenase-2 regulation in heart. 
  • Manganese superoxide dismutases from Escherichia coli and from yeast mitochondria: preliminary x-ray crystallographic studies. 
  • Manifold roles of β-arrestins in GPCR signaling elucidated with siRNA and CRISPR/Cas9. 
  • Manipulating JNK signaling with (--)-zuonin A. 
  • Mastoparan, a wasp venom peptide, identifies two discrete mechanisms for elevating cytosolic calcium and inositol trisphosphates in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. 
  • Matrix compliance permits NF-κB activation to drive therapy resistance in breast cancer. 
  • Mature macrophage cell lines exhibit variable responses to LPS. 
  • Maximal beta3-adrenergic regulation of lipolysis involves Src and epidermal growth factor receptor-dependent ERK1/2 activation. 
  • Mechanism of 5'-directed excision in human mismatch repair. 
  • Mechanism of action of Vibrio cholerae enterotoxin. Effects on adenylate cyclase of toad and rat erythrocyte plasma membranes. 
  • Mechanism of action of cholera toxin and the mobile receptor theory of hormone receptor-adenylate cyclase interactions. 
  • Mechanism of activation of adenylate cyclase by Vibrio cholerae enterotoxin. 
  • Mechanism of activation of adenylate cyclase by Vibrio cholerae enterotoxin. Relations to the mode of activation by hormones. 
  • Mechanism of activation of human plasminogen by the activator complex, streptokinase-plasmin. 
  • Mechanism of assembly of the Bis(Molybdopterin guanine dinucleotide)molybdenum cofactor in Rhodobacter sphaeroides dimethyl sulfoxide reductase. 
  • Mechanism of regulation of casein kinase I activity by group I metabotropic glutamate receptors. 
  • Mechanisms of NOD-like receptor-associated inflammasome activation. 
  • Mechanisms of synthetic serine protease inhibitor (FUT-175)-mediated cell death. 
  • Mechanistic basis of Rho GTPase-induced extracellular matrix synthesis in trabecular meshwork cells. 
  • Metabolic control of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII)-mediated caspase-2 suppression by the B55β/protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A). 
  • Metabolic control of oocyte apoptosis mediated by 14-3-3zeta-regulated dephosphorylation of caspase-2. 
  • Metabolic regulation of Akt: roles reversed. 
  • Metabolic regulation of Drosophila apoptosis through inhibitory phosphorylation of Dronc. 
  • Metabolic regulation of oocyte cell death through the CaMKII-mediated phosphorylation of caspase-2. 
  • Metabolomic profiling reveals a role for caspase-2 in lipoapoptosis. 
  • Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer reveals intrapatient similarity and interpatient heterogeneity of therapeutic kinase targets. 
  • Methadone pharmacokinetics are independent of cytochrome P4503A (CYP3A) activity and gastrointestinal drug transport: insights from methadone interactions with ritonavir/indinavir. 
  • Methionine to glutamine substitutions in the C-terminal domain of calmodulin impair the activation of three protein kinases. 
  • Microrheology of hyaluronan solutions: implications for the endothelial glycocalyx. 
  • Microtubules accelerate the kinase activity of Aurora-B by a reduction in dimensionality. 
  • Mitochondrial DNA-depleted A549 cells are resistant to bleomycin. 
  • Mitochondrial localization of telomerase as a determinant for hydrogen peroxide-induced mitochondrial DNA damage and apoptosis. 
  • Mitochondrial protein adduct and superoxide generation are prerequisites for early activation of c-jun N-terminal kinase within the cytosol after an acetaminophen overdose in mice. 
  • Mitogen-activated protein kinases 3 and 6 are required for full priming of stress responses in Arabidopsis thaliana. 
  • Mitogen-activated protein kinases as potential targets for pain killers. 
  • Mitogen-activated protein kinases enhance long-range activation by the beta-globin locus control region. 
  • MnSOD is implicated in accelerated wound healing upon Negative Pressure Wound Therapy (NPWT): A case in point for MnSOD mimetics as adjuvants for wound management. 
  • Modulation of cell death by Bcl-XL through caspase interaction. 
  • Modulation of murine B16F10 melanoma plasminogen activator production by a synthetic peptide derived from the laminin A chain. 
  • Modulation of the unfolded protein response in prostate cancer cells by antibody-directed against the carboxyl-terminal domain of GRP78. 
  • Modulation of tissue plasminogen activator-catalyzed plasminogen activation by synthetic peptides derived from the amino-terminal heparin binding domain of fibronectin. 
  • Molecular analysis and protein processing in late-onset Pompe disease patients with low levels of acid α-glucosidase activity. 
  • Molecular analysis of calmodulin and smooth muscle myosin light chain kinase. 
  • Molecular and biophysical analysis of apoptosis using a combined quantitative phase imaging and fluorescence resonance energy transfer microscope. 
  • Molecular and cellular mechanism of angiotensin II-mediated apoptosis. 
  • Molecular and regulatory properties of adrenergic receptors. 
  • Molecular basis for paradoxical carriers of adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency that show extremely low levels of ADA activity in peripheral blood cells without immunodeficiency. 
  • Molecular characterization of the tumor-suppressive function of nischarin in breast cancer. 
  • Molecular mechanisms of beta-adrenergic receptor desensitization. 
  • Molecular signals in B cell activation. I. Differential refractory effects of incomplete signaling by ionomycin or PMA relate to autocrine IL-2 production and IL-2R expression. 
  • Mosaic overgrowth with fibroadipose hyperplasia is caused by somatic activating mutations in PIK3CA. 
  • Mouse translation elongation factor eEF1A-2 interacts with Prdx-I to protect cells against apoptotic death induced by oxidative stress. 
  • Multiple Ca(2+)-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinases from rat brain. Purification, regulation by Ca(2+)-calmodulin, and partial amino acid sequence. 
  • Multiple Nod-like receptors activate caspase 1 during Listeria monocytogenes infection. 
  • Multiple cyclic AMP receptors are linked to adenylyl cyclase in Dictyostelium. 
  • Multiple second messenger pathways of alpha-adrenergic receptor subtypes expressed in eukaryotic cells. 
  • MutS and MutL activate DNA helicase II in a mismatch-dependent manner. 
  • Mutagenic analysis of functional domains of the mos proto-oncogene and identification of the sites important for MAPK activation and DNA binding. 
  • Mutations in activation-induced cytidine deaminase in patients with hyper IgM syndrome. 
  • Mutations of the BRAF gene in human cancer. 
  • Myelin basic protein stimulates plasminogen activation via tissue plasminogen activator following binding to independent l-lysine-containing domains. 
  • Myocardial overexpression of GRK3 in transgenic mice: evidence for in vivo selectivity of GRKs. 
  • N-Myc Drives Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancer Initiated from Human Prostate Epithelial Cells. 
  • N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-dependent denitrosylation of neuronal nitric oxide synthase increase the enzyme activity. 
  • NMDA-induced apoptosis in mixed neuronal/glial cortical cell cultures: the effects of isoflurane and dizocilpine. 
  • NMR structure of activated CheY. 
  • Neonatal organophosphorus pesticide exposure alters the developmental trajectory of cell-signaling cascades controlling metabolism: differential effects of diazinon and parathion. 
  • Neonatal plasminogen displays altered cell surface binding and activation kinetics. Correlation with increased glycosylation of the protein. 
  • Nerve conduction blockade in the sciatic nerve prevents but does not reverse the activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in spinal microglia in the rat spared nerve injury model. 
  • Neuronal nitric-oxide synthase interaction with calmodulin-troponin C chimeras. 
  • Neurotrophin-3 signaling maintains maturational homeostasis between neuronal populations in the olfactory epithelium. 
  • Nitric oxide and acetaminophen-mediated oxidative injury: modulation of interleukin-1-induced nitric oxide synthesis in cultured rat hepatocytes. 
  • Nitric oxide-associated regulation of hepatocyte glutathione synthesis is a guanylyl cyclase-independent event. 
  • Nitric oxide-dependent ribosomal RNA cleavage is associated with inhibition of ribosomal peptidyl transferase activity in ANA-1 murine macrophages. 
  • Nociceptive-specific activation of ERK in spinal neurons contributes to pain hypersensitivity. 
  • Noncatalytic domains of RGS9-1.Gbeta 5L play a decisive role in establishing its substrate specificity. 
  • Noninvasive imaging and quantification of epidermal growth factor receptor kinase activation in vivo. 
  • Nordihydroguaiaretic acid inhibits insulin-like growth factor signaling, growth, and survival in human neuroblastoma cells. 
  • Normal cellular and transformation-associated abl proteins share common sites for protein kinase C phosphorylation. 
  • Normal platelet mitochondrial complex I activity in Huntington's disease. 
  • Novel PI analogues selectively block activation of the pro-survival serine/threonine kinase Akt. 
  • Novel critical role of Toll-like receptor 4 in lung ischemia-reperfusion injury and edema. 
  • Novel roles of apoptotic caspases in tumor repopulation, epigenetic reprogramming, carcinogenesis, and beyond. 
  • Nox1 transactivation of epidermal growth factor receptor promotes N-cadherin shedding and smooth muscle cell migration. 
  • NuMA localization, stability, and function in spindle orientation involve 4.1 and Cdk1 interactions. 
  • Nuclear tyrosine kinases: from Abl to WEE1. 
  • On the role of transducin GTPase in the quenching of a phosphodiesterase cascade of vision. 
  • Oncogene-specific activation of tyrosine kinase networks during prostate cancer progression. 
  • Onset of feedback reactions underlying vertebrate rod photoreceptor light adaptation. 
  • Ontogeny of the eotaxins in human lung. 
  • Ordered phosphorylation of p42mapk by MAP kinase kinase. 
  • Ornithine decarboxylase: marker of neuroendocrine and neurotransmitter actions. 
  • Osteopontin and protein kinase C regulate PDLIM2 activation and STAT1 ubiquitination in LPS-treated murine macrophages. 
  • Outcomes in two Japanese adenosine deaminase-deficiency patients treated by stem cell gene therapy with no cytoreductive conditioning. 
  • Overexpression of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 6 in the heart improves functional recovery from ischemia in vitro and protects against myocardial infarction in vivo. 
  • Overexpression of pp60c-src is associated with altered regulation of adenylyl cyclase. 
  • Overexpression of transforming growth factor β1 in malignant prostate cells is partly caused by a runaway of TGF-β1 auto-induction mediated through a defective recruitment of protein phosphatase 2A by TGF-β type I receptor. 
  • Overexpression of tropomysin-related kinase B in metastatic human pancreatic cancer cells. 
  • Oxidant-induced cell death in retinal pigment epithelium cells mediated through the release of apoptosis-inducing factor. 
  • Oxidative stress in human abdominal aortic aneurysms: a potential mediator of aneurysmal remodeling. 
  • Oxidized low-density lipoprotein induces apoptosis in endothelial progenitor cells by inactivating the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt pathway. 
  • PCNA function in the activation and strand direction of MutLα endonuclease in mismatch repair. 
  • PIP5K1α promotes myogenic differentiation via AKT activation and calcium release. 
  • PKA-mediated phosphorylation of the beta1-adrenergic receptor promotes Gs/Gi switching. 
  • PKM1 Exerts Critical Roles in Cardiac Remodeling Under Pressure Overload in the Heart. 
  • Palmitoylation increases the kinase activity of the G protein-coupled receptor kinase, GRK6. 
  • Paradoxical effects of a stress signal on pro- and anti-apoptotic machinery in HTLV-1 Tax expressing cells. 
  • Paradoxical effects of methylmercury on the kinetics of cytochrome c oxidase. 
  • Parallel modulation of catecholamine activation of adenylate cyclase and formation of the high-affinity agonist.receptor complex in turkey erythrocyte membranes by temperature and cis-vaccenic acid. 
  • Parathyroid hormone inhibits renal phosphate transport by phosphorylation of serine 77 of sodium-hydrogen exchanger regulatory factor-1. 
  • Parathyroid hormone-related peptide represses chondrocyte hypertrophy through a protein phosphatase 2A/histone deacetylase 4/MEF2 pathway. 
  • Partial purification of a prorenin activating enzyme in the aortic wall. 
  • Pathophysiology of SPINK mutations in pancreatic development and disease. 
  • Peptide specificity determinants at P-7 and P-6 enhance the catalytic efficiency of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I in the absence of activation loop phosphorylation. 
  • Peripheral axonal injury results in reduced mu opioid receptor pre- and post-synaptic action in the spinal cord. 
  • Persistent nuclear factor-kappa B activation in Ucp2-/- mice leads to enhanced nitric oxide and inflammatory cytokine production. 
  • Phase I safety, pharmacokinetics, and inhibition of SRC activity study of saracatinib in patients with solid tumors. 
  • Phenylalanine hydroxylase in dilute lethal mice. 
  • Phorbol diester treatment promotes enhanced adenylate cyclase activity in frog erythrocytes. 
  • Phorbol esters promote alpha 1-adrenergic receptor phosphorylation and receptor uncoupling from inositol phospholipid metabolism. 
  • Phorbol myristate acetate mediates redistribution of protein kinase C in human neutrophils: potential role in the activation of the respiratory burst enzyme. 
  • Phosphatases driving mitosis: pushing the gas and lifting the brakes. 
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activates ERK in primary sensory neurons and mediates inflammatory heat hyperalgesia through TRPV1 sensitization. 
  • Phosphatidylinositol ether lipid analogues that inhibit AKT also independently activate the stress kinase, p38alpha, through MKK3/6-independent and -dependent mechanisms. 
  • Phosphorylation and activation of Ca(2+)-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV by Ca(2+)-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase Ia kinase. Phosphorylation of threonine 196 is essential for activation. 
  • Phosphorylation of Gz in human platelets. Selectivity and site of modification. 
  • Phosphorylation of PDHA by AMPK Drives TCA Cycle to Promote Cancer Metastasis. 
  • Phosphorylation of Threonine 794 on Tie1 by Rac1/PAK1 Reveals a Novel Angiogenesis Regulatory Pathway. 
  • Phosphorylation of caldesmon by mitogen-activated protein kinase with no effect on Ca2+ sensitivity in rabbit smooth muscle. 
  • Phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4G1 (eIF4G1) by protein kinase C{alpha} regulates eIF4G1 binding to Mnk1. 
  • Photoreceptor light adaptation. Untangling desensitization and sensitization. 
  • Phrenic long-term facilitation requires PKCθ activity within phrenic motor neurons. 
  • Physical and chemical properties of rabbit muscle phosphofructokinase cross-linked with dimethyl suberimidate. 
  • Plasma matrix metalloproteinase and inhibitor profiles in patients with heart failure. 
  • Plasmin binding to the plasminogen receptor enhances catalytic efficiency and activates the receptor for subsequent ligand binding. 
  • Plasminogen structural domains exhibit different functions when associated with cell surface GRP78 or the voltage-dependent anion channel. 
  • Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) regulates Slingshot phosphatase activity via Nox1-dependent auto-dephosphorylation of serine 834 in vascular smooth muscle cells. 
  • Pleckstrin homology domain-mediated membrane association and activation of the beta-adrenergic receptor kinase requires coordinate interaction with G beta gamma subunits and lipid. 
  • Pleiotropic coupling of G protein-coupled receptors to the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade. Role of focal adhesions and receptor tyrosine kinases. 
  • Poliovirus entry into human brain microvascular cells requires receptor-induced activation of SHP-2. 
  • Poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogels conjugated with a collagenase-sensitive fluorogenic substrate to visualize collagenase activity during three-dimensional cell migration. 
  • Polyamine stimulation of protein phosphatase-2A from rat liver using a non-protein phosphoester substrate. 
  • Possible prorenin activating mechanisms in the blood vessel wall. 
  • Potassium is a critical regulator of apoptotic enzymes in vitro and in vivo. 
  • Potentiation of paclitaxel cytotoxicity in lung and esophageal cancer cells by pharmacologic inhibition of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (Akt)-mediated signaling pathway. 
  • Potentiation of signal transduction mitogenesis and cellular proliferation upon binding of receptor-recognized forms of alpha2-macroglobulin to 1-LN prostate cancer cells. 
  • Preclinical evaluation of gemcitabine combination regimens for application in acute myeloid leukemia. 
  • Preparation of inverted plasma membrane vesicles from isolated adipocytes. 
  • Probing soluble guanylate cyclase activation by CO and YC-1 using resonance Raman spectroscopy. 
  • Probucol increases glutathione peroxidase-1 activity and displays long-lasting protection against methylmercury toxicity in cerebellar granule cells. 
  • Progesterone receptor membrane component 1 as the mediator of the inhibitory effect of progestins on cytokine-induced matrix metalloproteinase 9 activity in vitro. 
  • Properties of chimeric prostacyclin/prostaglandin D2 receptors: site-directed mutagenesis reveals the significance of the isoleucine residue at position 323. 
  • Prostate intraepithelial neoplasia induced by prostate restricted Akt activation: the MPAKT model. 
  • Proteasome regulators: activators and inhibitors. 
  • Protein kinase A-mediated phosphorylation of the beta 2-adrenergic receptor regulates its coupling to Gs and Gi. Demonstration in a reconstituted system. 
  • Protein kinase C activity, translocation, and conventional isoforms in aging rat brain. 
  • Protein kinase C beta II specifically binds to and is activated by F-actin. 
  • Protein kinase C isoforms in human aortic smooth muscle cells. 
  • Protein kinase C signaling during T cell activation induces the endoplasmic reticulum stress response. 
  • Protein kinase inhibitor in sertoli cell-enriched rat testis. Specific regulation by follicle-stimulating hormone. 
  • Protein roadblocks and helix discontinuities are barriers to the initiation of mismatch repair. 
  • Protein tyrosine kinase and protein phosphatase signaling pathways regulate volume-sensitive chloride currents in a nonpigmented ciliary epithelial cell line. 
  • Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B antagonizes signalling by oncoprotein tyrosine kinase p210 bcr-abl in vivo. 
  • Proteinase activation: a mechanism for cellular dyshesion in pemphigus. 
  • Proteolytic activation of the cell death protease Yama/CPP32 by granzyme B. 
  • Proteolytic activity and immunogenicity of oral bromelain within the gastrointestinal tract of mice. 
  • Pseudocholinesterase activity: determination and interpretation in pediatric anesthesia. 
  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa activates caspase 1 through Ipaf. 
  • Pten loss and RAS/MAPK activation cooperate to promote EMT and metastasis initiated from prostate cancer stem/progenitor cells. 
  • Purification of a 12,020-dalton protein that enhances the activation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase by MAP kinase kinase. 
  • Quantitation and significance of 125I-calmodulin binding to myosin light chain kinase and phosphorylase distributed on polyacrylamide gels. 
  • RGS10 is a selective activator of G alpha i GTPase activity. 
  • RNase H activation by stereoregular boranophosphate oligonucleotide. 
  • ROCK1 phosphorylates and activates zipper-interacting protein kinase. 
  • Rapid Akt activation by nicotine and a tobacco carcinogen modulates the phenotype of normal human airway epithelial cells. 
  • Rapid activation and down-regulation of protein kinase C alpha in 12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced differentiation of human rhabdomyosarcoma cells. 
  • Rapid loss of blood-brain barrier P-glycoprotein activity through transporter internalization demonstrated using a novel in situ proteolysis protection assay. 
  • Ras-dependent activation of fibroblast mitogen-activated protein kinase by 5-HT1A receptor via a G protein beta gamma-subunit-initiated pathway. 
  • Ras-dependent mitogen-activated protein kinase activation by G protein-coupled receptors. Convergence of Gi- and Gq-mediated pathways on calcium/calmodulin, Pyk2, and Src kinase. 
  • Receptor-coupled activation of phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C by an N protein. 
  • Receptor-specific desensitization with purified proteins. Kinase dependence and receptor specificity of beta-arrestin and arrestin in the beta 2-adrenergic receptor and rhodopsin systems. 
  • Receptor-tyrosine-kinase- and G beta gamma-mediated MAP kinase activation by a common signalling pathway. 
  • Reciprocal regulation of angiotensin receptor-activated extracellular signal-regulated kinases by beta-arrestins 1 and 2. 
  • Redox Activation of Nox1 (NADPH Oxidase 1) Involves an Intermolecular Disulfide Bond Between Protein Disulfide Isomerase and p47phox in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. 
  • Reduced inspiratory flow attenuates IL-8 release and MAPK activation of lung overstretch. 
  • Regulation and function of the calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV/protein serine/threonine phosphatase 2A signaling complex. 
  • Regulation of B-cell development by BCAP and CD19 through their binding to phosphoinositide 3-kinase. 
  • Regulation of CDC42 GTPase by proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 interacting with PSGAP, a novel pleckstrin homology and Src homology 3 domain containing rhoGAP protein. 
  • Regulation of DLK-1 kinase activity by calcium-mediated dissociation from an inhibitory isoform. 
  • Regulation of RasGRP1 function in T cell development and activation by its unique tail domain. 
  • Regulation of ZAP-70 intracellular localization: visualization with the green fluorescent protein. 
  • Regulation of adenylate cyclase coupled beta-adrenergic receptors. 
  • Regulation of arachidonic acid release in vascular endothelium. Ca(2+)-dependent and -independent pathways. 
  • Regulation of beta adrenergic receptors in isolated frog erythrocyte plasma membranes. 
  • Regulation of brain ornithine decarboxylase activity in the neonatal rat. 
  • Regulation of cyclin D1/Cdk4 complexes by calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I. 
  • Regulation of cytosolic phospholipase A2 activity in macrophages stimulated with receptor-recognized forms of alpha 2-macroglobulin: role in mitogenesis and cell proliferation. 
  • Regulation of deactivation of photoreceptor G protein by its target enzyme and cGMP. 
  • Regulation of enzyme activity. The activity of enzymes can be controlled by a multiplicity of conformational equilibria. 
  • Regulation of hormone receptors and adenylyl cyclases by guanine nucleotide binding N proteins. 
  • Regulation of mononuclear leukocyte function by transmethylation reactions. 
  • Regulation of platelet-activating factor synthesis in human neutrophils by MAP kinases. 
  • Regulation of prostaglandin receptors by prostaglandins and guanine nucleotides in frog erythrocytes. 
  • Regulation of protein kinases by pseudosubstrate prototopes. 
  • Regulation of signal duration and the statistical dynamics of kinase activation by scaffold proteins. 
  • Regulation of the copper chaperone CCS by XIAP-mediated ubiquitination. 
  • Regulation of thrombin activity--pharmacologic and structural aspects. 
  • Regulation of transducin GTPase activity in bovine rod outer segments. 
  • Regulation of tyrosine kinase cascades by G-protein-coupled receptors. 
  • Repression of yeast Ste12 transcription factor by direct binding of unphosphorylated Kss1 MAPK and its regulation by the Ste7 MEK. 
  • Requirement for Abl kinases in T cell receptor signaling. 
  • Requirement for superoxide in excitotoxic cell death. 
  • Requirement of protein phosphatase 5 in DNA-damage-induced ATM activation. 
  • Resistance to ErbB2 tyrosine kinase inhibitors in breast cancer is mediated by calcium-dependent activation of RelA. 
  • Retinal pigment epithelium protection from oxidant-mediated loss of MMP-2 activation requires both MMP-14 and TIMP-2. 
  • Rho GTPase complementation underlies BDNF-dependent homo- and heterosynaptic plasticity. 
  • Rho kinase promotes alloimmune responses by regulating the proliferation and structure of T cells. 
  • RhoA activation during polarization and cytokinesis of the early Caenorhabditis elegans embryo is differentially dependent on NOP-1 and CYK-4. 
  • RhoG regulates endothelial apical cup assembly downstream from ICAM1 engagement and is involved in leukocyte trans-endothelial migration. 
  • Role for the PP2A/B56delta phosphatase in regulating 14-3-3 release from Cdc25 to control mitosis. 
  • Role for the target enzyme in deactivation of photoreceptor G protein in vivo. 
  • Role of Inn1 and its interactions with Hof1 and Cyk3 in promoting cleavage furrow and septum formation in S. cerevisiae. 
  • Role of a guanine nucleotide regulatory protein in the activation of phospholipase C by different chemoattractants. 
  • Role of an alternatively spliced form of alphaII-spectrin in localization of connexin 43 in cardiomyocytes and regulation by stress-activated protein kinase. 
  • Role of c-Src tyrosine kinase in G protein-coupled receptor- and Gbetagamma subunit-mediated activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases. 
  • Role of cAMP-dependent protein kinase in controlling aggregation and postaggregative development in Dictyostelium. 
  • Role of isoprenylcysteine carboxylmethyltransferase-catalyzed methylation in Rho function and migration. 
  • Salmeterol with Liver Depot Gene Therapy Enhances the Skeletal Muscle Response in Murine Pompe Disease. 
  • Sar1 assembly regulates membrane constriction and ER export. 
  • Scythe: a novel reaper-binding apoptotic regulator. 
  • Secreted protein acidic, rich in cysteine (SPARC), mediates cellular survival of gliomas through AKT activation. 
  • Selective activation and inhibition of calmodulin-dependent enzymes by a calmodulin-like protein found in human epithelial cells. 
  • Selective activation of JNK1 is necessary for the anti-apoptotic activity of hILP. 
  • Selective activation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase kinase 3 and p38alpha MAP kinase is essential for cyclic AMP-dependent UCP1 expression in adipocytes. 
  • Selective regulation of protein kinase C isoenzymes by oleic acid in human platelets. 
  • Selenite binding to carbon monoxide oxidase from Pseudomonas carboxydovorans. Selenium binds covalently to the protein and activates specifically the CO----methylene blue reaction. 
  • Sequential activation of splenic nuclear RNA polymerases by erythropoietin. 
  • Serotonin 5-HT1A receptor-mediated Erk activation requires calcium/calmodulin-dependent receptor endocytosis. 
  • Severely impaired B lymphocyte proliferation, survival, and induction of the c-Myc:Cullin 1 ubiquitin ligase pathway resulting from CD22 deficiency on the C57BL/6 genetic background. 
  • Simple model for hormone-activated adenylate cyclase systems. 
  • Simvastatin increases endothelial nitric oxide synthase and ameliorates cerebral vasospasm resulting from subarachnoid hemorrhage. 
  • Siroheme: a prosthetic group of the Neurospora crassa assimilatory nitrite reductase. 
  • Sirtuin-1 expression and activity is diminished in aged liver grafts. 
  • Site-directed mutagenesis in the effector site of Escherichia coli phosphofructokinase. 
  • Site-directed mutagenesis of glycine-14 and two "critical" cysteinyl residues in Drosophila alcohol dehydrogenase. 
  • Sites of interaction between rod G-protein alpha-subunit and cGMP-phosphodiesterase gamma-subunit. Implications for the phosphodiesterase activation mechanism. 
  • Smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation are mediated by distinct phases of activation of the intracellular messenger mitogen-activated protein kinase. 
  • Sodium binding site of factor Xa: role of sodium in the prothrombinase complex. 
  • Sonic-hedgehog-mediated proliferation requires the localization of PKA to the cilium base. 
  • Sparstolonin B attenuates early liver inflammation in experimental NASH by modulating TLR4 trafficking in lipid rafts via NADPH oxidase activation. 
  • Specific binding of -adrenergic catecholamines to a subcellular fraction from cardiac muscle. 
  • Specific peptide probes for G-protein interaction with effectors. 
  • Specific regulation of noncanonical p38alpha activation by Hsp90-Cdc37 chaperone complex in cardiomyocyte. 
  • Spinophilin blocks arrestin actions in vitro and in vivo at G protein-coupled receptors. 
  • Src-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation of dynamin is required for beta2-adrenergic receptor internalization and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling. 
  • Stabilization of short telomeres and telomerase activity accompany immortalization of Epstein-Barr virus-transformed human B lymphocytes. 
  • Stable interaction between beta-arrestin 2 and angiotensin type 1A receptor is required for beta-arrestin 2-mediated activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2. 
  • Staphylococcus aureus sortase transpeptidase SrtA: insight into the kinetic mechanism and evidence for a reverse protonation catalytic mechanism. 
  • Staurosporine inhibition of zipper-interacting protein kinase contractile effects in gastrointestinal smooth muscle. 
  • Steady state kinetics of soluble and membrane-bound mitochondrial ATPase. 
  • Stereospecific (3H)(minus)-alprenolol binding sites, beta-adrenergic receptors and adenylate cyclase. 
  • Stimulation of Acanthamoeba actomyosin ATPase activity by myosin-II polymerization. 
  • Stimulation of Sky tyrosine phosphorylation by bovine protein S--domains involved in the receptor-ligand interaction. 
  • Stimulation of catecholamine-sensitive adenylate cyclase by 5'-guanylyl-imidodiphosphate. 
  • Stimulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase by G protein-coupled alpha(2)-adrenergic receptors does not require agonist-elicited endocytosis. 
  • Stimulation of phosphorylcholine turnover and diacylglycerol production in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Novel assay for phosphorylcholine. 
  • Structural basis for the metal-selective activation of the manganese transport regulator of Bacillus subtilis. 
  • Structural basis of multifunctional bovine mitochondrial cytochrome bc1 complex. 
  • Structural insights into the calcium-dependent interaction between calbindin-D28K and caspase-3. 
  • Structure and function of cholera toxin and hormone receptors. 
  • Structure and mechanism of the G protein-coupled receptor kinases. 
  • Structure of the endonuclease domain of MutL: unlicensed to cut. 
  • Structures of partition protein ParA with nonspecific DNA and ParB effector reveal molecular insights into principles governing Walker-box DNA segregation. 
  • Structures of regulatory machinery reveal novel molecular mechanisms controlling B. subtilis nitrogen homeostasis. 
  • Study of gastric fluid induced cytokine and chemokine expression in airway smooth muscle cells and airway remodeling. 
  • Subsarcolemmal and intermyofibrillar mitochondria play distinct roles in regulating skeletal muscle fatty acid metabolism. 
  • Substrate-dependent activation energy of the reaction catalyzed by monoamine oxidase. 
  • Subtype specific estrogen receptor action protects against changes in MMP-2 activation in mouse retinal pigmented epithelial cells. 
  • Supersensitive Ras activation in dendrites and spines revealed by two-photon fluorescence lifetime imaging. 
  • Suppression of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathway by 17beta-estradiol can preserve human islet functional mass from proinflammatory cytokine-induced destruction. 
  • Sustained activation of JNK/p38 MAPK pathways in response to cisplatin leads to Fas ligand induction and cell death in ovarian carcinoma cells. 
  • Synergistic control of T cell development and tumor suppression by diacylglycerol kinase alpha and zeta. 
  • Synergistic effect of aptamers that inhibit exosites 1 and 2 on thrombin. 
  • Synthesis and evaluation of a phosphonate analogue of the soluble guanylate cyclase activator YC-1. 
  • Systemic Delivery of AAVB1-GAA Clears Glycogen and Prolongs Survival in a Mouse Model of Pompe Disease. 
  • T cell activation up-regulates the expression of the focal adhesion kinase Pyk2: opposing roles for the activation of protein kinase C and the increase in intracellular Ca2+. 
  • T-cell lines from 2 patients with adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency showed the restoration of ADA activity resulted from the reversion of an inherited mutation. 
  • TBK1 Limits mTORC1 by Promoting Phosphorylation of Raptor Ser877. 
  • Tandem mass spectrometry, but not T-cell receptor excision circle analysis, identifies newborns with late-onset adenosine deaminase deficiency. 
  • Targeted activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase in vivo induces restrictive cardiomyopathy and conduction defects. 
  • Targeting of the orphan receptor GPR35 by pamoic acid: a potent activator of extracellular signal-regulated kinase and β-arrestin2 with antinociceptive activity. 
  • Targeting the Tie2/Tek receptor in astrocytomas. 
  • Targeting the receptor-Gq interface to inhibit in vivo pressure overload myocardial hypertrophy. 
  • Tax Induces the Recruitment of NF-κB to Unintegrated HIV-1 DNA To Rescue Viral Gene Expression and Replication. 
  • Techniques for the study of the biochemical basis of drug action. 
  • Temperature immutability of adenyl cyclase-coupled beta adrenergic receptors. 
  • Temperature-Induced uncoupling of cell cycle regulators. 
  • Temporal activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase in adult transgenic heart via cre-loxP-mediated DNA recombination. 
  • Testicular adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate-dependent protein kinase. Regulation by follicle-stimulating hormone. 
  • Testosterone regulation of Akt/mTORC1/FoxO3a signaling in skeletal muscle. 
  • Thapsigargin demonstrates calcium-dependent regulation of phosphate uptake in HeLa cells. 
  • The ATM-dependent DNA damage signaling pathway. 
  • The Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinases are AMP-activated protein kinase kinases. 
  • The Caenorhabditis elegans CED-9 protein does not directly inhibit the caspase CED-3, in vitro nor in yeast. 
  • The G protein-coupled receptor GPR4 suppresses ERK activation in a ligand-independent manner. 
  • The LINK-A lncRNA interacts with PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 to hyperactivate AKT and confer resistance to AKT inhibitors. 
  • The Phagocyte Oxidase Controls Tolerance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection. 
  • The activity of RhoA is correlated with lymph node metastasis in human colorectal cancer. 
  • The adrenergic receptors. 
  • The alpha 1C-adrenergic receptor: characterization of signal transduction pathways and mammalian tissue heterogeneity. 
  • The autonomous activity of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV is required for its role in transcription. 
  • The beta(2)-adrenergic receptor mediates extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation via assembly of a multi-receptor complex with the epidermal growth factor receptor. 
  • The beta3-adrenergic receptor activates mitogen-activated protein kinase in adipocytes through a Gi-dependent mechanism. 
  • The binding site for the beta gamma subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins on the beta-adrenergic receptor kinase. 
  • The c-Abl tyrosine kinase is regulated downstream of the B cell antigen receptor and interacts with CD19. 
  • The cAMP-activated GTP exchange factor, Epac1 upregulates plasma membrane and nuclear Akt kinase activities in 8-CPT-2-O-Me-cAMP-stimulated macrophages: Gene silencing of the cAMP-activated GTP exchange Epac1 prevents 8-CPT-2-O-Me-cAMP activation of Akt activity in macrophages. 
  • The calmodulin-nitric oxide synthase interaction. Critical role of the calmodulin latch domain in enzyme activation. 
  • The carboxyl terminus of the gamma-subunit of rod cGMP phosphodiesterase contains distinct sites of interaction with the enzyme catalytic subunits and the alpha-subunit of transducin. 
  • The clash in titin. 
  • The crystal structure of the catalytic domain of a eukaryotic guanylate cyclase. 
  • The death-inducing activity of RIPK1 is regulated by the pH environment. 
  • The deubiquitinases USP33 and USP20 coordinate beta2 adrenergic receptor recycling and resensitization. 
  • The effect of divalent cations on the conformation and function of human plasminogen. 
  • The effect of rhodopsin phosphorylation on the light-dependent activation of phosphodiesterase from bovine rod outer segments. 
  • The endothelial receptor tyrosine kinase Tie1 activates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and Akt to inhibit apoptosis. 
  • The gain of rod phototransduction: reconciliation of biochemical and electrophysiological measurements. 
  • The gamma-subunit of the rod photoreceptor cGMP-binding cGMP-specific PDE is expressed in mouse lung. 
  • The importance of the preactivation peptide in the two-stage mechanism of human plasminogen activation. 
  • The induction of HMGB1 release from RAW 264.7 cells by transfected DNA. 
  • The interaction of endoglin with beta-arrestin2 regulates transforming growth factor-beta-mediated ERK activation and migration in endothelial cells. 
  • The mitotic peptidyl-prolyl isomerase, Pin1, interacts with Cdc25 and Plx1. 
  • The multifunctional Ca²⁺/calmodulin-dependent kinase IIδ (CaMKIIδ) regulates arteriogenesis in a mouse model of flow-mediated remodeling. 
  • The multisubunit IkappaB kinase complex shows random sequential kinetics and is activated by the C-terminal domain of IkappaB alpha. 
  • The necroptosis adaptor RIPK3 promotes injury-induced cytokine expression and tissue repair. 
  • The pathway mediating insulin's effects on pyruvate dehydrogenase bypasses the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase. 
  • The phospholipid-repair system LplT/Aas in Gram-negative bacteria protects the bacterial membrane envelope from host phospholipase A2 attack. 
  • The platelet-derived growth factor receptor-beta phosphorylates and activates G protein-coupled receptor kinase-2. A mechanism for feedback inhibition. 
  • The polymorphic pseudokinase ROP5 controls virulence in Toxoplasma gondii by regulating the active kinase ROP18. 
  • The regulation of DNA topoisomerase II by casein kinase II. 
  • The regulation of skeletal muscle protein turnover during the progression of cancer cachexia in the Apc(Min/+) mouse. 
  • The role of AMPK and mTOR in nutrient sensing in pancreatic beta-cells. 
  • The role of Smad3 in mediating mouse hepatic stellate cell activation. 
  • The role of differential activation of p38-mitogen-activated protein kinase in preconditioned ventricular myocytes. 
  • The role of membrane lipids in the induction of macrophage apoptosis by microparticles. 
  • The role of protein kinase C in laminin-mediated neurite outgrowth. 
  • The role of the c-Jun N-terminal kinases 1/2 and receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 in furosemide-induced liver injury. 
  • The role of the membrane in the expression of the vitamin K-dependent enzymes. 
  • The small heat shock protein alpha B-crystallin is a novel inhibitor of TRAIL-induced apoptosis that suppresses the activation of caspase-3. 
  • The subunit structures of human plasma and platelet factor XIII (fibrin-stabilizing factor). 
  • The sustainability of interactions between the orexin-1 receptor and beta-arrestin-2 is defined by a single C-terminal cluster of hydroxy amino acids and modulates the kinetics of ERK MAPK regulation. 
  • The telomeric protein TRF2 binds the ATM kinase and can inhibit the ATM-dependent DNA damage response. 
  • The tyrosine receptor kinase B ligand, neurotrophin-4, is not required for either epileptogenesis or tyrosine receptor kinase B activation in the kindling model. 
  • The vacuolar-ATPase modulates matrix metalloproteinase isoforms in human pancreatic cancer. 
  • The vibrio cholerae hybrid sensor kinase VieS contributes to motility and biofilm regulation by altering the cyclic diguanylate level. 
  • Theodore Cooper Lecture: Tissue angiotensin and pathobiology of vascular disease: a unifying hypothesis. 
  • Thermodynamic analysis of subunit interactions in Escherichia coli molybdopterin synthase. 
  • Three amino acid substitutions in domain I of calmodulin prevent the activation of chicken smooth muscle myosin light chain kinase. 
  • Thrombin-catalyzed activation of recombinant human factor V. 
  • Thrombin-cleaved COOH(-) terminal osteopontin peptide binds with cyclophilin C to CD147 in murine breast cancer cells. 
  • Ticlopidine-associated ADAMTS13 activity deficient thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura in 22 persons in Japan: a report from the Southern Network on Adverse Reactions (SONAR). 
  • Tissue transglutaminase regulates focal adhesion kinase/AKT activation by modulating PTEN expression in pancreatic cancer cells. 
  • Tissue-specific activation of cardiac angiotensin converting enzyme in experimental heart failure. 
  • Tobacco carcinogen-induced cellular transformation increases Akt activation in vitro and in vivo. 
  • Tobacco carcinogen-induced cellular transformation increases activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase/Akt pathway in vitro and in vivo. 
  • Topographic separation of adenylate cyclase and hormone receptors in the plasma membrane of toad erythrocyte ghosts. 
  • Transactivation of the epidermal growth factor receptor by angiotensin II in glomerular podocytes. 
  • Transactivation of the epidermal growth factor receptor mediates parathyroid hormone and prostaglandin F2 alpha-stimulated mitogen-activated protein kinase activation in cultured transgenic murine osteoblasts. 
  • Transducin and the inhibitory nucleotide regulatory protein inhibit the stimulatory nucleotide regulatory protein mediated stimulation of adenylate cyclase in phospholipid vesicle systems. 
  • Transducin translocation in rods is triggered by saturation of the GTPase-activating complex. 
  • Transformation by the (R)-enantiomer of 2-hydroxyglutarate linked to EGLN activation. 
  • Treatment of inflammatory arthritis via targeting of tristetraprolin, a master regulator of pro-inflammatory gene expression. 
  • Tumor necrosis factor receptor 1/c-Jun-NH2-kinase signaling promotes human neoplasia. 
  • Tumor necrosis factor-alpha stimulates the maturation of sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 in human hepatocytes through the action of neutral sphingomyelinase. 
  • Tyrosine 1101 of Tie2 is the major site of association of p85 and is required for activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and Akt. 
  • Tyrosine phosphorylation is required for functional activation of disulfide-containing constitutively active STAT mutants. 
  • Tyrosine phosphorylation of the human glutathione S-transferase P1 by epidermal growth factor receptor. 
  • Ubiquitination of beta-arrestin links seven-transmembrane receptor endocytosis and ERK activation. 
  • Ubiquitination of the DNA-damage checkpoint kinase CHK1 by TRAF4 is required for CHK1 activation. 
  • Ubiquitylated Tax targets and binds the IKK signalosome at the centrosome. 
  • Uncoupling phototoxicity-elicited neural dysmorphology and death by insidious function and selective impairment of Ran-binding protein 2 (Ranbp2). 
  • Upstream regulatory role for XIAP in receptor-mediated apoptosis. 
  • Use of a multiple-enzyme/multiple-reagent assay system to quantify activity levels in samples containing mixtures of matrix metalloproteinases. 
  • Using Bcr-Abl to examine mechanisms by which abl kinase regulates morphogenesis in Drosophila. 
  • VEGF stimulates MAPK through a pathway that is unique for receptor tyrosine kinases. 
  • VIAF, a conserved inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP)-interacting factor that modulates caspase activation. 
  • Vangl2 promotes the formation of long cytonemes to enable distant Wnt/β-catenin signaling. 
  • Vascular dysmorphogenesis caused by an activating mutation in the receptor tyrosine kinase TIE2. 
  • Vein graft neointimal hyperplasia is exacerbated by tumor necrosis factor receptor-1 signaling in graft-intrinsic cells. 
  • Ventromedial hypothalamic glucokinase is an important mediator of the counterregulatory response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia. 
  • Vibrio vulnificus induces mTOR activation and inflammatory responses in macrophages. 
  • Visualizing G protein-coupled receptor signalsomes using confocal immunofluorescence microscopy. 
  • Vitamin D inhibits proliferation of human uterine leiomyoma cells via catechol-O-methyltransferase. 
  • Waves of Cdk1 Activity in S Phase Synchronize the Cell Cycle in Drosophila Embryos. 
  • When the checkpoints have gone: insights into Cdc25 functional activation. 
  • Wogonin and fisetin induce apoptosis in human promyeloleukemic cells, accompanied by a decrease of reactive oxygen species, and activation of caspase 3 and Ca(2+)-dependent endonuclease. 
  • Wogonin and fisetin induction of apoptosis through activation of caspase 3 cascade and alternative expression of p21 protein in hepatocellular carcinoma cells SK-HEP-1. 
  • X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein inhibition induces apoptosis and enhances chemotherapy sensitivity in human prostate cancer cells. 
  • ZAP-70-dependent and -independent activation of Erk in Jurkat T cells. Differences in signaling induced by H2o2 and Cd3 cross-linking. 
  • beta-Adrenergic activation of p38 MAP kinase in adipocytes: cAMP induction of the uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) gene requires p38 MAP kinase. 
  • beta-Adrenergic receptor kinase. Activity of partial agonists for stimulation of adenylate cyclase correlates with ability to promote receptor phosphorylation. 
  • beta-Arrestin 1 and Galphaq/11 coordinately activate RhoA and stress fiber formation following receptor stimulation. 
  • beta-Arrestin-mediated PDE4 cAMP phosphodiesterase recruitment regulates beta-adrenoceptor switching from Gs to Gi. 
  • c-Abl is activated by growth factors and Src family kinases and has a role in the cellular response to PDGF. 
  • c-Jun N-terminal kinase activation mediates downregulation of connexin43 in cardiomyocytes. 
  • cAMP analogs inhibit gamma-aminobutyric acid-gated chloride flux and activate protein kinase A in brain synaptoneurosomes. 
  • cGMP binding sites on photoreceptor phosphodiesterase: role in feedback regulation of visual transduction. 
  • cGMP signal termination. 
  • p38 MAP kinase inhibition enables proliferation of adult mammalian cardiomyocytes. 
  • p38 Mitogen-activated protein kinase mediates a negative inotropic effect in cardiac myocytes. 
  • p38 Mitogen-activated protein kinase regulates chamber-specific perinatal growth in heart. 
  • p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase is activated after a spinal nerve ligation in spinal cord microglia and dorsal root ganglion neurons and contributes to the generation of neuropathic pain. 
  • p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase is the central regulator of cyclic AMP-dependent transcription of the brown fat uncoupling protein 1 gene. 
  • p38-MAPK induced dephosphorylation of alpha-tropomyosin is associated with depression of myocardial sarcomeric tension and ATPase activity. 
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  Keywords of People

  • Cianciolo, George James, Associate Professor Emeritus of Pathology, Pathology
  • Ciofani, Maria, Associate Professor of Integrative Immunobiology, Cell Biology
  • Erickson, Harold Paul, James B. Duke Distinguished Professor Emeritus, Cell Biology
  • Hirschey, Matthew, Associate Professor of Medicine, Cell Biology
  • Linardic, Corinne Mary, Associate Professor of Pediatrics, Cell Biology
  • McDonnell, Donald Patrick, Glaxo-Wellcome Distinguished Professor of Molecular Cancer Biology, in the School of Medicine, Cell Biology
  • Muir, Kelly Walton, Associate Professor of Ophthalmology, Ophthalmology, Glaucoma
  • Shinohara, Mari L., Professor of Integrative Immunobiology, Cell Biology
  • Zennadi, Rahima, Associate Professor in Medicine, Pathology