Fatty Liver

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  Subject Areas on Research

  • A Liver-Specific Thyromimetic, VK2809, Decreases Hepatosteatosis in Glycogen Storage Disease Type Ia. 
  • A link between leptin and steatosis in chronic hepatitis C? Time to weigh up the fats. 
  • A phase 2, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of GS-9450 in subjects with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. 
  • A20 protects mice from lethal liver ischemia/reperfusion injury by increasing peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha expression. 
  • Accumulation of natural killer T cells in progressive nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. 
  • Accuracy of Automated Liver Contouring, Fat Fraction, and R2* Measurement on Gradient Multiecho Magnetic Resonance Images. 
  • Accuracy of MR Imaging and MR Spectroscopy for Detection and Quantification of Hepatic Steatosis in Living Liver Donors: A Meta-Analysis. 
  • Activation of nuclear receptor CAR ameliorates diabetes and fatty liver disease. 
  • Acute encephalopathy and fatty hepatomegaly. 
  • Acute fatty liver of pregnancy and long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency. 
  • Acute fatty liver of pregnancy associated with short-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency. 
  • Acute fatty liver of pregnancy, hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets syndrome, and long chain 3-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency. 
  • After goodbye? Dead hepatocytes as a biomarker for fibrosis and steatohepatitis. 
  • Alcohollike liver disease in nonalcoholics. A clinical and histologic comparison with alcohol-induced liver injury. 
  • Alterations in liver ATP homeostasis in human nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: a pilot study. 
  • Altered hepatic lymphocyte subpopulations in obesity-related murine fatty livers: potential mechanism for sensitization to liver damage. 
  • Alternative splicing in Acad8 resulting a mitochondrial defect and progressive hepatic steatosis in mice. 
  • Animal models of steatohepatitis. 
  • Animal models of steatosis. 
  • Apoptosis and cytokines in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. 
  • Assessment of intrahepatic triglyceride content using magnetic resonance spectroscopy. 
  • Association between puberty and features of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. 
  • Associations of depression, anxiety and antidepressants with histological severity of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. 
  • Automated liver sampling using a gradient dual-echo Dixon-based technique. 
  • Automated patient-tailored screening of the liver for diffuse steatosis and iron overload using MRI. 
  • Beneficial IL28B genotype associated with lower frequency of hepatic steatosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C. 
  • Betaine for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: results of a randomized placebo-controlled trial. 
  • Betaine, a promising new agent for patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: results of a pilot study. 
  • Breath biomarkers and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: preliminary observations. 
  • CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta deletion reduces adiposity, hepatic steatosis, and diabetes in Lepr(db/db) mice. 
  • CYP2E1 activity before and after weight loss in morbidly obese subjects with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. 
  • CYP2E1-dependent and leptin-mediated hepatic CD57 expression on CD8+ T cells aid progression of environment-linked nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. 
  • Cafeteria diet is a robust model of human metabolic syndrome with liver and adipose inflammation: comparison to high-fat diet. 
  • Caffeine stimulates hepatic lipid metabolism by the autophagy-lysosomal pathway in mice. 
  • Carbohydrate restriction, prostate cancer growth, and the insulin-like growth factor axis. 
  • Cases from the Osler Medical Service at Johns Hopkins University. Zieve syndrome. 
  • ChREBP regulates fructose-induced glucose production independently of insulin signaling. 
  • Choline intake in a large cohort of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. 
  • Clinical correlates of histopathology in pediatric nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. 
  • Clinical update on screening, diagnosis and management of metabolic disorders and cardiovascular risk factors associated with polycystic ovary syndrome. 
  • Clinical, laboratory and histological associations in adults with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. 
  • Comparison of free fructose and glucose to sucrose in the ability to cause fatty liver. 
  • Comparison of noninvasive markers of fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. 
  • Comparison of the frequency of coronary artery disease in alcohol-related versus non-alcohol-related endstage liver disease. 
  • Complications of human immunodeficiency virus therapy. 
  • Correlation of vitamin E, uric acid, and diet composition with histologic features of pediatric NAFLD. 
  • Costaining for keratins 8/18 plus ubiquitin improves detection of hepatocyte injury in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. 
  • Critical role of FoxO3a in alcohol-induced autophagy and hepatotoxicity. 
  • Cytokine network during NASH and possible treatment selection. 
  • Cytokine regulation of liver injury and repair. 
  • Cytokines and the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. 
  • Cytokines in alcoholic and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. 
  • De novo nonalcoholic fatty liver disease after liver transplantation. 
  • Defining nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: implications for epidemiologic studies. 
  • Deletion of CaMKK2 from the liver lowers blood glucose and improves whole-body glucose tolerance in the mouse. 
  • Derivation and analysis of viscoelastic properties in human liver: impact of frequency on fibrosis and steatosis staging. 
  • Diacylglycerol acyltranferase 1 anti-sense oligonucleotides reduce hepatic fibrosis in mice with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. 
  • Diagnosis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. 
  • Diet and exercise interventions reduce intrahepatic fat content and improve insulin sensitivity in obese older adults. 
  • Dietary composition and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. 
  • Dietary factors alter hepatic innate immune system in mice with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. 
  • Disrupted signaling and inhibited regeneration in obese mice with fatty livers: implications for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease pathophysiology. 
  • Disruption of Gpr45 causes reduced hypothalamic POMC expression and obesity. 
  • Dissociation of hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance in mice overexpressing DGAT in the liver. 
  • Dual gradient-echo in-phase and opposed-phase hepatic MR imaging: a useful tool for evaluating more than fatty infiltration or fatty sparing. 
  • ENU mutagenesis identifies mice with cardiac fibrosis and hepatic steatosis caused by a mutation in the mitochondrial trifunctional protein beta-subunit. 
  • Effect of a 12-month intensive lifestyle intervention on hepatic steatosis in adults with type 2 diabetes. 
  • Effect of apolipoproteins on the induction of hepatic steatosis in rats. 
  • Elevated hepatocyte levels of the Forkhead box A2 (HNF-3beta) transcription factor cause postnatal steatosis and mitochondrial damage. 
  • Elevated serum CK18 levels in chronic hepatitis C patients are associated with advanced fibrosis but not steatosis. 
  • Endoplasmic reticulum stress, hepatocyte CD1d and NKT cell abnormalities in murine fatty livers. 
  • Environmental toxin-linked nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and hepatic metabolic reprogramming in obese mice. 
  • Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a green tea polyphenol, stimulates hepatic autophagy and lipid clearance. 
  • Factors Associated With Persistent Increase in Level of Alanine Aminotransferase in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B Receiving Oral Antiviral Therapy. 
  • Familial aggregation of insulin resistance in first-degree relatives of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. 
  • Fat and the liver--a molecular overview. 
  • Fatty liver vulnerability to endotoxin-induced damage despite NF-kappaB induction and inhibited caspase 3 activation. 
  • Fatty liver, hypertension, and the metabolic syndrome. 
  • Focal fatty infiltration: a cause of nontumorous defects in the left hepatic lobe during CT arterial portography. 
  • Fructose consumption as a risk factor for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. 
  • Gender and menopause impact severity of fibrosis among patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. 
  • Genetic differences in oxidative stress and inflammatory responses to diet-induced obesity do not alter liver fibrosis in mice. 
  • Genetic signatures in choline and 1-carbon metabolism are associated with the severity of hepatic steatosis. 
  • Genetic susceptibility to hepatic steatosis. 
  • Genome-wide association analysis identifies variants associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease that have distinct effects on metabolic traits. 
  • Genotype 3 Infection: The Last Stand of Hepatitis C Virus. 
  • Hedgehog pathway activation parallels histologic severity of injury and fibrosis in human nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. 
  • Hedgehog pathway and pediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. 
  • Hedgehog-mediated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and fibrogenic repair in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. 
  • Hepatic ATP reserve and efficiency of replenishing: comparison between obese and nonobese normal individuals. 
  • Hepatic MR imaging for in vivo differentiation of steatosis, iron deposition and combined storage disorder: single-ratio in/opposed phase analysis vs. dual-ratio Dixon discrimination. 
  • Hepatic accumulation of Hedgehog-reactive progenitors increases with severity of fatty liver damage in mice. 
  • Hepatic acyl-CoA:diacylglcyerol acyltransferase (DGAT) overexpression, diacylglycerol, and insulin sensitivity. 
  • Hepatic complications of obesity. 
  • Hepatic complications of obesity. 
  • Hepatic fat and adenosine triphosphate measurement in overweight and obese adults using 1H and 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy. 
  • Hepatic fibrosis associated with aging in four stocks of mice. 
  • Hepatic gene expression profiles differentiate presymptomatic patients with mild versus severe nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. 
  • Hepatic hyperplasia in noncirrhotic fatty livers: is obesity-related hepatic steatosis a premalignant condition? 
  • Hepatic insulin signaling is required for obesity-dependent expression of SREBP-1c mRNA but not for feeding-dependent expression. 
  • Hepatic overexpression of glycerol-sn-3-phosphate acyltransferase 1 in rats causes insulin resistance. 
  • Hepatic steatosis and type 2 diabetes mellitus. 
  • Hepatic triglyceride synthesis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. 
  • Hepatitis C and steatosis. 
  • High-fat and high-sucrose (western) diet induces steatohepatitis that is dependent on fructokinase. 
  • Hypoxia Signaling Cascade for Erythropoietin Production in Hepatocytes. 
  • IL28B rs12979860 is not associated with histologic features of NAFLD in a cohort of Caucasian North American patients. 
  • Idiopathic hyperammonemia following an unrelated cord blood transplant for mucopolysaccharidosis I. 
  • Impact of steatosis on perioperative outcome following hepatic resection. 
  • Incorporation of palmitate-1-14C into liver lipids of rats fed millet (Sorghum vulgarie) at different protein levels. 
  • Increased fructose consumption is associated with fibrosis severity in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. 
  • Increased gastrointestinal ethanol production in obese mice: implications for fatty liver disease pathogenesis. 
  • Increased production of sonic hedgehog by ballooned hepatocytes. 
  • Influence of gender, race, and ethnicity on suspected fatty liver in obese adolescents. 
  • Inhibiting triglyceride synthesis improves hepatic steatosis but exacerbates liver damage and fibrosis in obese mice with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. 
  • Insulin resistance and altered systemic glucose metabolism in mice lacking Nur77. 
  • Insulin resistance and steatosis in hepatitis C virus infection. 
  • Insulin resistance syndrome and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. 
  • Intermittent disconjugate gaze: a novel finding in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and cryptogenic cirrhosis. 
  • Is liver biopsy useful in the evaluation of patients with chronically elevated liver enzymes? 
  • Is oil red-O staining and digital image analysis the gold standard for quantifying steatosis in the liver? 
  • Leptin is key to peroxynitrite-mediated oxidative stress and Kupffer cell activation in experimental non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. 
  • Light to moderate alcohol consumption is associated with lower frequency of hypertransaminasemia. 
  • Linearity and Bias of Proton Density Fat Fraction as a Quantitative Imaging Biomarker: A Multicenter, Multiplatform, Multivendor Phantom Study. 
  • Lipoatrophic diabetes and end-stage liver disease secondary to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis with recurrence after liver transplantation. 
  • Liver disease in pregnancy. 
  • Liver disease in pregnancy. 
  • Liver disease in pregnancy. 
  • Liver fat quantification using a multi-step adaptive fitting approach with multi-echo GRE imaging. 
  • Liver regeneration in obese mice with fatty livers: does the impairment have relevance for other types of fatty liver disease? 
  • Liver-specific deletion of augmenter of liver regeneration accelerates development of steatohepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma in mice. 
  • Low-dose unenhanced CT for IV contrast bolus timing: is it reliable to assess hepatic steatosis? 
  • Lower serum hepcidin and greater parenchymal iron in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease patients with C282Y HFE mutations. 
  • Measurement of fat/water ratios in rat liver using 3D three-point dixon MRI. 
  • Mechanisms of disease progression in NASH: new paradigms. 
  • Mechanisms of disease progression in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. 
  • Mechanisms of ischemic injury are different in the steatotic and normal rat liver. 
  • Metabolic syndrome and alanine aminotransferase: a global perspective from the NAVIGATOR screening population. 
  • Metabolic syndrome and liver steatosis occur at lower body mass index in US Asian patients with chronic hepatitis B. 
  • Metformin reverses fatty liver disease in obese, leptin-deficient mice. 
  • Mild donor liver steatosis has no impact on hepatitis C virus fibrosis progression following liver transplantation. 
  • Mitochondrial adaptations to obesity-related oxidant stress. 
  • Mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase-1 is essential in liver for the metabolism of excess acyl-CoAs. 
  • Mitochondrial proteins that regulate apoptosis and necrosis are induced in mouse fatty liver. 
  • Multinodular focal fatty infiltration of the liver: atypical imaging findings on delayed T1-weighted Gd-BOPTA-enhanced liver-specific MR images. 
  • Murine leptin deficiency alters Kupffer cell production of cytokines that regulate the innate immune system. 
  • Myocardial infarction and coronary artery dissection in pregnancy. 
  • NAFLD and extrahepatic cancers: have a look at the colon. 
  • NAFLD, NASH and liver cancer. 
  • NASH and cryptogenic cirrhosis: a histological analysis. 
  • NKT-associated hedgehog and osteopontin drive fibrogenesis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. 
  • No significant effects of ethyl-eicosapentanoic acid on histologic features of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in a phase 2 trial. 
  • Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: lumen-liver interactions and possible role for probiotics. 
  • Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis pathogenesis: role of repair in regulating the disease progression. 
  • Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease as a complication of insulin resistance. 
  • Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in women. 
  • Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. 
  • Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: an agenda for clinical research. 
  • Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: an underrecognized cause of cryptogenic cirrhosis. 
  • Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: implications for alcoholic liver disease pathogenesis. 
  • Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and nonalcoholic Fatty liver disease in young women with polycystic ovary syndrome. 
  • Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. 
  • Nonalcoholic steatosis and steatohepatitis IV. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease abnormalities in macrophage function and cytokines. 
  • Noninvasive evaluation of hepatic fibrosis using acoustic radiation force-based shear stiffness in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. 
  • Norepinephrine regulates hepatic innate immune system in leptin-deficient mice with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. 
  • Obese humans with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease display alterations in fecal microbiota and volatile organic compounds. 
  • Obesity and female gender increase breath ethanol concentration: potential implications for the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. 
  • Obesity increases sensitivity to endotoxin liver injury: implications for the pathogenesis of steatohepatitis. 
  • Osteopontin is induced by hedgehog pathway activation and promotes fibrosis progression in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. 
  • Oval cells compensate for damage and replicative senescence of mature hepatocytes in mice with fatty liver disease. 
  • Oxidative DNA damage and DNA repair enzyme expression are inversely related in murine models of fatty liver disease. 
  • Oxidative stress and oval cell accumulation in mice and humans with alcoholic and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. 
  • Pan-caspase inhibitor VX-166 reduces fibrosis in an animal model of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. 
  • Paracrine Hedgehog signaling drives metabolic changes in hepatocellular carcinoma. 
  • Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 and liver disease: opportunities to unravel mechanisms underlying statistical associations. 
  • Pathogenesis of hepatic steatosis in the parenterally fed rat. 
  • Persistent liver biochemistry abnormalities are more common in older patients and those with cholestatic drug induced liver injury. 
  • Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) regulates hepatic lipogenesis, microsomal triglyceride transfer protein, and the secretion of apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins. 
  • Physical activity recommendations, exercise intensity, and histological severity of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. 
  • Pilot study assessing differentiation of steatosis hepatis, hepatic iron overload, and combined disease using two-point dixon MRI at 3 T: in vitro and in vivo results of a 2D decomposition technique. 
  • Pioglitazone, vitamin E, or placebo for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. 
  • Polycystic ovary syndrome and severe nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: beneficial effect of modest weight loss and exercise on liver biopsy findings. 
  • Portal chronic inflammation in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): a histologic marker of advanced NAFLD-Clinicopathologic correlations from the nonalcoholic steatohepatitis clinical research network. 
  • Pre-transplant hepatic steatosis (fatty liver) is associated with chronic graft-vs-host disease but not mortality. 
  • Prediction of Recurrence Patterns from Hepatic Parenchymal Disease After Resection of Colorectal Liver Metastases. 
  • Prenatal sensitization of a postnatal trigger for metabolic disease. 
  • Probiotics and antibodies to TNF inhibit inflammatory activity and improve nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. 
  • Purinergic receptor X7 is a key modulator of metabolic oxidative stress-mediated autophagy and inflammation in experimental nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. 
  • Quality of life in adults with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: baseline data from the nonalcoholic steatohepatitis clinical research network. 
  • Quantification of hepatic steatosis with a multistep adaptive fitting MRI approach: prospective validation against MR spectroscopy. 
  • Race and comorbid factors predict nonalcoholic fatty liver disease histopathology in severely obese patients. 
  • Recurrence of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in a liver transplant recipient. 
  • Regional anthropometric measures and hepatic fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic Fatty liver disease. 
  • Relationship between adipose tissue insulin resistance and liver histology in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: a pioglitazone versus vitamin E versus placebo for the treatment of nondiabetic patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis trial follow-up study. 
  • Relationship between methylome and transcriptome in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. 
  • Reply: To PMID 23913408. 
  • Reply: To PMID 24123276. 
  • Reye's syndrome treated by peritoneal dialysis. 
  • Reye's syndrome. Possible causes and pathogenetic pathways. 
  • Role of inflammation in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. 
  • Roux-en-Y gastric bypass improves liver histology in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. 
  • STAT-3 overexpression and p21 up-regulation accompany impaired regeneration of fatty livers. 
  • Scintigraphy, ultrasound and CT scanning of the liver. 
  • Serum hepatic enzyme and bilirubin elevations during parenteral nutrition. 
  • Should nonalcoholic fatty liver disease be treated differently in elderly patients? 
  • Signals from dying hepatocytes trigger growth of liver progenitors. 
  • Similarities and differences in the pathogenesis of alcoholic and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. 
  • Specific polymorphisms in hepatitis C virus genotype 3 core protein associated with intracellular lipid accumulation. 
  • Steatosis and chronic hepatitis C virus infection: mechanisms and significance. 
  • Steatosis is an independent predictor of relapse following rapid virologic response in patients with HCV genotype 3. 
  • Sympathetic nervous system inhibition increases hepatic progenitors and reduces liver injury. 
  • Temporal dynamics of liver mitochondrial protein acetylation and succinylation and metabolites due to high fat diet and/or excess glucose or fructose. 
  • The FGF21 response to fructose predicts metabolic health and persists after bariatric surgery in obese humans. 
  • The association of genetic variants with hepatic steatosis in patients with genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C infection. 
  • The diagnosis and management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Practice guideline by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, American College of Gastroenterology, and the American Gastroenterological Association. 
  • The diagnosis and management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: practice Guideline by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, American College of Gastroenterology, and the American Gastroenterological Association. 
  • The diagnosis and management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: practice guideline by the American Gastroenterological Association, American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, and American College of Gastroenterology. 
  • The effect of a low-carbohydrate, ketogenic diet on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a pilot study. 
  • The effect of a probiotic on hepatic steatosis. 
  • The effect of choline supplementation on hepatic steatosis in the parenterally fed rat. 
  • The effects of varying dietary carbohydrate and fat content on survival in a murine LNCaP prostate cancer xenograft model. 
  • The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist Exendin 4 has a protective role in ischemic injury of lean and steatotic liver by inhibiting cell death and stimulating lipolysis. 
  • The impact of steatosis on disease progression and early and sustained treatment response in chronic hepatitis C patients. 
  • The importance of routine liver biopsy in diagnosing nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in bariatric patients. 
  • The liver in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. 
  • The predictive value of donor liver biopsies for the development of primary nonfunction after orthotopic liver transplantation. 
  • The predictive value of donor liver biopsies on the development of primary nonfunction after orthotopic liver transplantation. 
  • The prevalence and etiology of elevated aminotransferase levels in the United States. 
  • The problem of establishing relationships between hepatic steatosis and hepatic insulin resistance. 
  • Treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in children: TONIC trial design. 
  • Tumor necrosis factor and its potential role in insulin resistance and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. 
  • Two cases from the spectrum of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. 
  • Values and limitations of serum aminotransferases in clinical trials of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. 
  • Vibration-Controlled Transient Elastography to Assess Fibrosis and Steatosis in Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. 
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  Keywords of People

  • Amin, Mansi D, Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition
  • Bradford, William Dalton, Professor of Pathology, Pathology
  • Choi, Steven Sok, Associate Professor of Medicine, Medicine, Gastroenterology
  • Hirschey, Matthew, Associate Professor of Medicine, Pharmacology & Cancer Biology
  • Nightingale, Kathryn Radabaugh, Theo Pilkington Distinguished Professor of Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical Engineering
  • Pang, Herbert, Adjunct Assistant Professor in the Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Biostatistics & Bioinformatics
  • White, Phillip James, Assistant Professor in Medicine, Pharmacology & Cancer Biology
  • Yancy Jr., William Samuel, Associate Professor of Medicine, Medicine, General Internal Medicine