Gene Amplification

• 

  Subject Areas on Research

  • A comprehensive survey of genomic alterations in gastric cancer reveals systematic patterns of molecular exclusivity and co-occurrence among distinct therapeutic targets. 
  • A novel functional variant (-842G>C) in the PIN1 promoter contributes to decreased risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck by diminishing the promoter activity. 
  • A physical map of the human Y chromosome. 
  • ATR functions as a gene dosage-dependent tumor suppressor on a mismatch repair-deficient background. 
  • AURKA amplification, chromosome instability, and centrosome abnormality in human pancreatic carcinoma cells. 
  • Abundant gene conversion between arms of palindromes in human and ape Y chromosomes. 
  • Alterations of the TP53 gene in human gliomas. 
  • Amplification and expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor gene in human glioma xenografts. 
  • Amplification and high-level expression of heat shock protein 90 marks aggressive phenotypes of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negative breast cancer. 
  • Amplification of HER-2/neu gene in human gastric adenocarcinomas: correlation with primary site. 
  • Amplification of bacterial 16S ribosomal DNA with polymerase chain reaction. 
  • Amplification of the c-myc gene in human medulloblastoma cell lines and xenografts. 
  • Amplified C lambda and c-abl genes are on the same marker chromosome in K562 leukemia cells. 
  • An integrated genomic analysis of human glioblastoma multiforme. 
  • Assessment of c-erbB-2 amplification by immunohistochemistry in paraffin-embedded breast cancer. 
  • Association of apolipoprotein E allele epsilon 4 with late-onset familial and sporadic Alzheimer's disease. 
  • Atypical features of familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. 
  • Bacterial artificial chromosome cloning and mapping of a 630-kb human extrachromosomal structure. 
  • Carbonic anhydrase IX is a predictive marker of doxorubicin resistance in early-stage breast cancer independent of HER2 and TOP2A amplification. 
  • Characterization of a partial cDNA for lysyl hydroxylase from human skin fibroblasts; lysyl hydroxylase mRNAs are regulated differently by minoxidil derivatives and hydralazine. 
  • Characterization of gains, losses, and regional amplification in testicular germ cell tumor cell lines by comparative genomic hybridization. 
  • Characterization of the epidermal growth factor receptor in human glioma cell lines and xenografts. 
  • Characterizing the developmental pathways TTF-1, NKX2-8, and PAX9 in lung cancer. 
  • Chromosomal amplification of leucine-rich repeat kinase-2 (LRRK2) is required for oncogenic MET signaling in papillary renal and thyroid carcinomas. 
  • Clinical significance of tumor-associated inflammatory cells in metastatic neuroblastoma. 
  • Co-amplification of a novel cyclophilin-like gene (PPIE) with L-myc in small cell lung cancer cell lines. 
  • Combined cDNA array comparative genomic hybridization and serial analysis of gene expression analysis of breast tumor progression. 
  • Comparative genomic hybridization studies in hydatidiform moles and choriocarcinoma: amplification of 7q21-q31 and loss of 8p12-p21 in choriocarcinoma. 
  • Comparison of direct and indirect methods of carrier detection in an X-linked disease. 
  • Composite lymphoma of follicular B-cell and peripheral T-cell types with distinct zone distribution in a 75-year-old male patient: a case study. 
  • Cross-species amplification, non-invasive genotyping, and non-Mendelian inheritance of human STRPs in Savannah baboons. 
  • Cryptococcus neoformans shows a remarkable genotypic diversity in Brazil. 
  • DHFR/MSH3 amplification in methotrexate-resistant cells alters the hMutSalpha/hMutSbeta ratio and reduces the efficiency of base-base mismatch repair. 
  • Deletion-mutant epidermal growth factor receptor in human gliomas: effects of type II mutation on receptor function. 
  • Deregulated PP1α phosphatase activity towards MAPK activation is antagonized by a tumor suppressive failsafe mechanism. 
  • Detection of mouse cytomegalovirus nucleic acid in latently infected mice by in vitro enzymatic amplification. 
  • Developmental regulation of DNA replication: replication fork barriers and programmed gene amplification in Tetrahymena thermophila. 
  • Distinct functional domains of Nbs1 modulate the timing and magnitude of ATM activation after low doses of ionizing radiation. 
  • Drosophila E2f2 promotes the conversion from genomic DNA replication to gene amplification in ovarian follicle cells. 
  • Enrichment of putative PAX8 target genes at serous epithelial ovarian cancer susceptibility loci. 
  • Epidermal growth factor receptor gene amplification and protein expression in glioblastoma multiforme: prognostic significance and relationship to other prognostic factors. 
  • Epidermal growth factor receptor gene analysis in renal cell carcinoma. 
  • Estrogen-independent proliferation is present in estrogen-receptor HER2-positive primary breast cancer after neoadjuvant letrozole. 
  • Evaluation of an atypical HIV type 1 antibody. Serologic pattern leading to detection of HIV type 2 infection in North America. 
  • Expression and amplification of the HER-2/neu (c-erbB-2) protooncogene in epithelial ovarian tumors and cell lines. 
  • Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis of keratinocyte growth factor gene amplification and dispersion in evolution of great apes and humans. 
  • Functional interaction between responses to lactic acidosis and hypoxia regulates genomic transcriptional outputs. 
  • Functions of the myosin ATP and actin binding sites are required for C. elegans thick filament assembly. 
  • Gene amplification in malignant human gliomas: clinical and histopathologic aspects. 
  • Gene copy-number variation in haploid and diploid strains of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 
  • Genetic selection for enhanced serine metabolism in cancer development. 
  • Genomic Amplifications and Distal 6q Loss: Novel Markers for Poor Survival in High-risk Neuroblastoma Patients. 
  • Genomic Status of MET Potentiates Sensitivity to MET and MEK Inhibition in NF1-Related Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors. 
  • Genomic amplification and oncogenic properties of the KCNK9 potassium channel gene. 
  • Glioblastoma proto-oncogene SEC61gamma is required for tumor cell survival and response to endoplasmic reticulum stress. 
  • Global search for chromosomal abnormalities in infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the breast using array-comparative genomic hybridization. 
  • Group-I intron family in the nuclear ribosomal RNA small subunit genes of Cenococcum geophilum isolates. 
  • HDMX regulates p53 activity and confers chemoresistance to 3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea. 
  • HER2 testing in metastatic colorectal cancer: ready for prime time? 
  • HIV-1 diversity and compartmentalization in urine, semen, and blood. 
  • Heat induces gene amplification in cancer cells. 
  • Hedgehog signaling patterns mesoderm in the sea urchin. 
  • High rate of CAD gene amplification in human cells deficient in MLH1 or MSH6. 
  • High-fidelity mRNA amplification for gene profiling. 
  • Human papillomavirus types 16 and 18 are not involved in human prostate carcinogenesis: analysis of archival human prostate cancer specimens by differential polymerase chain reaction. 
  • Identification of OTX2 as a medulloblastoma oncogene whose product can be targeted by all-trans retinoic acid. 
  • Identification of a fetal exon in the human fast troponin T gene. 
  • Identification of an amplified, highly expressed gene in a human glioma. 
  • Increased erbB-2 gene copies and expression in multiple stages of breast cancer. 
  • Increased expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor gene in malignant gliomas is invariably associated with gene amplification. 
  • Induction of polyclonal prostate cancer-specific CTL using dendritic cells transfected with amplified tumor RNA. 
  • Integrative analysis of gene amplification in Drosophila follicle cells: parameters of origin activation and repression. 
  • Intraocular Medulloepitheliomas and Embryonal Tumors With Multilayered Rosettes of the Brain: Comparative Roles of LIN28A and C19MC. 
  • Localized adenocarcinoma of the lung: oncogene expression of erbB-2 and p53 in 150 patients. 
  • MEK-ERK signaling is a therapeutic target in metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer. 
  • MYCC and MYCN oncogene amplification in medulloblastoma. A fluorescence in situ hybridization study on paraffin sections from the Children's Oncology Group. 
  • Magnification: gene amplification by an inducible system of sister chromatid exchange. 
  • Maintenance of DNA content and erbB-2 alterations in intraductal and invasive phases of mammary cancer. 
  • Mapping and characterization of the amplicon near APOA2 in 1q23 in human sarcomas by FISH and array CGH. 
  • Mating type (MAT) locus and possible sexuality of the opportunistic pathogen Exophiala dermatitidis. 
  • Molecular biology as a tool for taxonomy. 
  • Molecular pathogenesis of malignant gliomas. 
  • Molecular phylogeny of naidid worms (Annelida: Clitellata) based on cytochrome oxidase I. 
  • Mre11-Sae2 and RPA Collaborate to Prevent Palindromic Gene Amplification. 
  • Multiple CDK/CYCLIND genes are amplified in medulloblastoma and supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal brain tumor. 
  • Multiple recurrent genetic events converge on control of histone lysine methylation in medulloblastoma. 
  • NAD metabolic dependency in cancer is shaped by gene amplification and enhancer remodelling. 
  • Neuroblastoma in a pediatric patient with a microduplication of 2p involving the MYCN locus. 
  • Oncogene amplification in pediatric brain tumors. 
  • Oncogenes and anti-oncogenes in human central nervous system tumors. 
  • Oncogenic point mutations in the human retinoblastoma gene: their application to genetic counseling. 
  • Oncogenic properties of PPM1D located within a breast cancer amplification epicenter at 17q23. 
  • Overexpression and mutation of p53 in endometrial carcinoma. 
  • Overexpression and mutation of p53 in epithelial ovarian cancer. 
  • Overexpression of p53 and HER-2/neu proteins as prognostic markers in early stage breast cancer. 
  • PHGDH amplification and altered glucose metabolism in human melanoma. 
  • Pertuzumab plus trastuzumab for HER2-amplified metastatic colorectal cancer (MyPathway): an updated report from a multicentre, open-label, phase 2a, multiple basket study. 
  • Phenotypic and genotypic analysis of a human medulloblastoma cell line and transplantable xenograft (D341 Med) demonstrating amplification of c-myc. 
  • Polymerase chain reaction amplification and in situ hybridization for the detection of human B-lymphotropic virus. 
  • Polymorphic markers of the glycogen debranching enzyme gene allowing linkage analysis in families with glycogen storage disease type III. 
  • Predictors of differential response to induction therapy in high-risk neuroblastoma: A report from the Children's Oncology Group (COG). 
  • Probe directed at a segment of Rickettsia rickettsii rRNA amplified with polymerase chain reaction. 
  • Probing the interaction of the multidrug-resistance phenotype with the polypeptide ionophore gramicidin D via functional channel formation. 
  • Prognosis significance of HER-2/neu overexpression/amplification in Chinese patients with curatively resected gastric cancer after the ToGA clinical trial. 
  • Quantitation of residual white cells in filtered blood components by polymerase chain reaction amplification of HLA DQ-A DNA. 
  • RUNX1 Amplification Increases the Risk for Thrombosis in Children With B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. 
  • Rapid mapping of deletion and duplication mutations by the polymerase chain reaction. 
  • Recombination between palindromes P5 and P1 on the human Y chromosome causes massive deletions and spermatogenic failure. 
  • Relationship between gene amplification and chromosomal deviations in malignant human gliomas. 
  • Relative expression of aromatase cytochrome P450 in human fetal tissues as determined by competitive polymerase chain reaction amplification. 
  • Ring chromosomes and rDNA magnification in Drosophila. 
  • Robust detection of EGFR copy number changes and EGFR variant III: technical aspects and relevance for glioma diagnostics. 
  • Role of lysophospholipid growth factors in the modulation of aqueous humor outflow facility. 
  • SOX2 is an amplified lineage-survival oncogene in lung and esophageal squamous cell carcinomas. 
  • Sample type bias in the analysis of cancer genomes. 
  • Short-term kinetics of tumor antigen expression in response to vaccination. 
  • Simultaneous amplification of four DNA repair genes and beta-actin in human lymphocytes by multiplex reverse transcriptase-PCR. 
  • Stage III neuroblastoma over 1 year of age at diagnosis: improved survival with intensive multimodality therapy including multiple alkylating agents. 
  • Strict evolutionary conservation followed rapid gene loss on human and rhesus Y chromosomes. 
  • Structural and functional studies of cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase. 
  • Systematic interrogation of 3q26 identifies TLOC1 and SKIL as cancer drivers. 
  • TERC is not a major gene in human neural tube defects. 
  • Targeting MET Amplification with Crizotinib in a Case of Sinonasal Undifferentiated Carcinoma. 
  • Targeting the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) oncogene in colorectal cancer. 
  • The DAZ gene cluster on the human Y chromosome arose from an autosomal gene that was transposed, repeatedly amplified and pruned. 
  • The expression of a functional, secreted human lysyl hydroxylase in a baculovirus system. 
  • The male-specific region of the human Y chromosome is a mosaic of discrete sequence classes. 
  • The pattern of gene amplification is determined by the chromosomal location of hairpin-capped breaks. 
  • Transfer of HIV-1-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes to an AIDS patient leads to selection for mutant HIV variants and subsequent disease progression. 
  • Translocations and amplifications of chromosome 12 in liposarcoma demonstrated by the LSI CHOP breakapart rearrangement probe. 
  • Tumor necrosis factor-alpha is a potent endogenous mutagen that promotes cellular transformation. 
  • Zidovudine administered to women infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and to their neonates reduces pediatric infection independent of an effect on levels of maternal virus. 
  • lambda RNA internal standards quantify sensitivity and amplification efficiency of mammalian gene expression profiling. 
• 

  Keywords of People

  • Berchuck, Andrew, James M. Ingram Distinguished Professor of Gynecologic Oncology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gynecologic Oncology
  • McLendon, Roger Edwin, Professor of Pathology, Pathology
  • Shinohara, Mari L., Associate Professor of Immunology, Immunology
  • Yan, Hai, Henry S. Friedman Distinguished Professor of Neuro-Oncology in the School of Medicine, Pathology