Glutamine

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  Subject Areas on Research

  • A glutaminase isoform switch drives therapeutic resistance and disease progression of prostate cancer. 
  • A magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging study of adult nonhuman primates exposed to early-life stressors. 
  • A randomized trial of glutamine and antioxidants in critically ill patients. 
  • A reanalysis of pain crises data from the pivotal l-glutamine in sickle cell disease trial. 
  • A reappraisal of the concept of an abnormality of glutamine metabolism in primary gout. 
  • Alternative fuels for cancer cells. 
  • Amino Acids Rather than Glucose Account for the Majority of Cell Mass in Proliferating Mammalian Cells. 
  • Asparagine and glutamine rotamers: B-factor cutoff and correction of amide flips yield distinct clustering. 
  • Asparagine and glutamine: using hydrogen atom contacts in the choice of side-chain amide orientation. 
  • Assignment of aliphatic side-chain 1HN/15N resonances in perdeuterated proteins. 
  • Attenuation of hippocampal long-term potentiation by ethanol: a patch-clamp analysis of glutamatergic and GABAergic mechanisms. 
  • Branched-chain α-keto acids and glutamate/glutamine: Biomarkers of insulin resistance in childhood obesity. 
  • Brief Glutamine Pretreatment Increases Alveolar Macrophage CD163/Heme Oxygenase-1/p38-MAPK Dephosphorylation Pathway and Decreases Capillary Damage but Not Neutrophil Recruitment in IL-1/LPS-Insufflated Rats. 
  • CCP1 promotes mitochondrial fusion and motility to prevent Purkinje cell neuron loss in pcd mice. 
  • CD38-NAD+Axis Regulates Immunotherapeutic Anti-Tumor T Cell Response. 
  • Can glutamine turn off the motor that drives systemic inflammation? 
  • Cardiac glutaminolysis: a maladaptive cancer metabolism pathway in the right ventricle in pulmonary hypertension. 
  • Cell-programmed nutrient partitioning in the tumour microenvironment. 
  • Characterization of Gfat1 (zeppelin) and Gfat2, Essential Paralogous Genes Which Encode the Enzymes That Catalyze the Rate-Limiting Step in the Hexosamine Biosynthetic Pathway in Drosophila melanogaster. 
  • Characterization of metabolic alterations of chronic lymphocytic leukemia in the lymph node microenvironment. 
  • Chronic pouchitis after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis: responses to butyrate and glutamine suppositories in a pilot study. 
  • Clinical evidence for pharmaconutrition in major elective surgery. 
  • Combination chemotherapy in vitro exploiting glutamine metabolism of human glioma and medulloblastoma. 
  • Cross-linking of fibrin by fibrin=stabilizing factor. 
  • Decreased autophagy and fuel switching occur in a senescent hepatic cell model system. 
  • Disrupted spermine homeostasis: a novel mechanism in polyglutamine-mediated aggregation and cell death. 
  • Distinct Roles of Glutamine Metabolism in Benign and Malignant Cartilage Tumors With IDH Mutations. 
  • ERRα-Regulated Lactate Metabolism Contributes to Resistance to Targeted Therapies in Breast Cancer. 
  • Effect of acidosis on glutamine transport by isolated rat renal brush-border and basolateral-membrane vesicles. 
  • Effect of glutamate analogues on brain tumor cell lines. 
  • Effect of glutamine-supplemented intravenous nutrition on survival after Escherichia coli-induced peritonitis. 
  • Effect of glutamine-supplemented total parenteral nutrition on recovery of the small intestine after starvation atrophy. 
  • Effect of growth conditions on the activity of ornithine decarboxylase in cultured hepatoma cells. I. Effect of amino acid supply. 
  • Effects of glutamine and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid mixed lipid emulsion supplementation of parenteral nutrition on sepsis score and bacterial clearance in early experimental sepsis. 
  • Effects of glutamine, glucose, and oxygen concentration on the metabolism and proliferation of rabbit adipose-derived stem cells. 
  • Effects of pharmaconutrients on cellular dysfunction and the microcirculation in critical illness. 
  • Effects of sodium fluoroacetate on the metabolism of N-acetylaspartate and aspartate in mouse brain. 
  • Efficacy and Safety of Glutamine-supplemented Parenteral Nutrition in Surgical ICU Patients: An American Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial. 
  • Elevated prefrontal cortex γ-aminobutyric acid and glutamate-glutamine levels in schizophrenia measured in vivo with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. 
  • Endurance training modulates lymphocyte function in rats with post-MI CHF. 
  • Enteral glutamine supplementation for very low birth weight infants decreases morbidity. 
  • Epidermal growth factor receptor expression and signaling are essential in glutamine's cytoprotective mechanism in heat-stressed intestinal epithelial-6 cells. 
  • Exploiting metabolic differences in glioma therapy. 
  • Factors controlling oxygen utilization. 
  • Fibronectin-integrin signaling is required for L-glutamine's protection against gut injury. 
  • GLUTAMINE PREVENTS ACTIVATION OF NF-kappaB AND STRESS KINASE PATHWAYS, ATTENUATES INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINE RELEASE, AND PREVENTS ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME (ARDS) FOLLOWING SEPSIS. 
  • Gamma-L-glutaminyl-3,4-benzoquinone. Structural studies and enzymatic synthesis. 
  • Genetic variants in glutamine metabolic pathway genes predict cutaneous melanoma-specific survival. 
  • Gln368STOP myocilin mutation in families with late-onset primary open-angle glaucoma. 
  • Glucosamine dependence of Huntington's chorea fibroblasts in culture. 
  • Glutamine Metabolism Regulates Proliferation and Lineage Allocation in Skeletal Stem Cells. 
  • Glutamine Metabolism Regulates the Pluripotency Transcription Factor OCT4. 
  • Glutamine Metabolism in Cancer: Understanding the Heterogeneity. 
  • Glutamine Supplementation in Parenteral Nutrition and Intensive Care Unit Patients: Are We Throwing the Baby Out With the Bathwater? 
  • Glutamine administration reduces Gram-negative bacteremia in severely burned patients: a prospective, randomized, double-blind trial versus isonitrogenous control. 
  • Glutamine and antioxidants in critically ill patients. 
  • Glutamine and antioxidants in the critically ill patient: a post hoc analysis of a large-scale randomized trial. 
  • Glutamine and heat shock protein expression. 
  • Glutamine as indispensable nutrient in oncology: experimental and clinical evidence. 
  • Glutamine attenuates endotoxin-induced lung metabolic dysfunction: potential role of enhanced heat shock protein 70. 
  • Glutamine attenuates inflammation and NF-kappaB activation via Cullin-1 deneddylation. 
  • Glutamine attenuates lung injury and improves survival after sepsis: role of enhanced heat shock protein expression. 
  • Glutamine attenuates tumor necrosis factor-alpha release and enhances heat shock protein 72 in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. 
  • Glutamine attenuation of cell death and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression following inflammatory cytokine-induced injury is dependent on heat shock factor-1 expression. 
  • Glutamine enhances heat shock protein 70 expression via increased hexosamine biosynthetic pathway activity. 
  • Glutamine in Burn Injury. 
  • Glutamine in acute lung injury: the experimental model matters. 
  • Glutamine in critical illness: the time has come, the time is now. 
  • Glutamine induces heat shock protein and protects against endotoxin shock in the rat. 
  • Glutamine induces heat shock protein expression via O-glycosylation and phosphorylation of HSF-1 and Sp1. 
  • Glutamine metabolism during aerial mycelium growth of Neurospora crassa. 
  • Glutamine preserves cardiomyocyte viability and enhances recovery of contractile function after ischemia-reperfusion injury. 
  • Glutamine prevents apoptosis in intestinal epithelial cells and induces differential protective pathways in heat and oxidant injury models. 
  • Glutamine protects intestinal epithelial cells: role of inducible HSP70. 
  • Glutamine reduces cytokine release, organ damage, and mortality in a rat model of endotoxemia. 
  • Glutamine requirement for aerial mycelium growth in Neurospora crassa. 
  • Glutamine stability in biological tissues evaluated by fluorometric analysis. 
  • Glutamine synthetase is a genetic determinant of cell type-specific glutamine independence in breast epithelia. 
  • Glutamine therapy improves outcome of in vitro and in vivo experimental colitis models. 
  • Glutamine transport into isolated renal membrane vesicles from normal and acidotic rats. 
  • Glutamine's protection against cellular injury is dependent on heat shock factor-1. 
  • Glutamine's protection against sepsis and lung injury is dependent on heat shock protein 70 expression. 
  • Glutamine-mediated attenuation of cellular metabolic dysfunction and cell death after injury is dependent on heat shock factor-1 expression. 
  • Glutamine-mediated dual regulation of heat shock transcription factor-1 activation and expression. 
  • Glutamine. 
  • Glutamine: mode of action in critical illness. 
  • Glutamine: role in critical illness and ongoing clinical trials. 
  • Glutamine: role in gut protection in critical illness. 
  • Glutamine: the first clinically relevant pharmacological regulator of heat shock protein expression? 
  • Hedgehog-YAP Signaling Pathway Regulates Glutaminolysis to Control Activation of Hepatic Stellate Cells. 
  • How can a single second sphere amino acid substitution cause reduction midpoint potential changes of hundreds of millivolts? 
  • Hyperammonemia in the ICU. 
  • IKKβ promotes metabolic adaptation to glutamine deprivation via phosphorylation and inhibition of PFKFB3. 
  • IRE1α-XBP1 controls T cell function in ovarian cancer by regulating mitochondrial activity. 
  • Identification of key amino acids responsible for the substantially higher affinities of human type 1 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/isomerase (3beta-HSD1) for substrates, coenzymes, and inhibitors relative to human 3beta-HSD2. 
  • Identification of the same factor V gene mutation in 47 out of 50 thrombosis-prone families with inherited resistance to activated protein C. 
  • Immunotherapy in neonatal sepsis: advances in treatment and prophylaxis. 
  • Incorporation of tyrosine and glutamine residues into the soluble guanylate cyclase heme distal pocket alters NO and O2 binding. 
  • Increased Glutaminolysis Marks Active Scarring in Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Progression. 
  • Increases in cortical glutamate concentrations in transgenic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis mice are attenuated by creatine supplementation. 
  • Induction of the human heat shock promoter HSP70B by nutritional stress: implications for cancer gene therapy. 
  • Infantile spasms and encephalopathy without preceding neonatal seizures caused by KCNQ2 R198Q, a gain-of-function variant. 
  • Influence of glutamine on the growth of human glioma and medulloblastoma in culture. 
  • Inhibition of ERRα Prevents Mitochondrial Pyruvate Uptake Exposing NADPH-Generating Pathways as Targetable Vulnerabilities in Breast Cancer. 
  • Inhibition of the MYC-Regulated Glutaminase Metabolic Axis Is an Effective Synthetic Lethal Approach for Treating Chemoresistant Ovarian Cancers. 
  • Interrupted Glucagon Signaling Reveals Hepatic α Cell Axis and Role for L-Glutamine in α Cell Proliferation. 
  • Isolation from the mushroom Agaricus bisporus and chemical synthesis of gamma-L-glutaminyl-4-hydroxybenzene. 
  • John M. Kinney International Award for General Nutrition. Glutamine, heat shock protein, and inflammation--opportunity from the midst of difficulty. 
  • Kinetic and Cross-Sectional Studies on the Genesis of Hypoargininemia in Severe Pediatric Plasmodium falciparum Malaria. 
  • Kinetic role of helix caps in protein folding is context-dependent. 
  • L-glutamine supplementation of a high fat diet reduces body weight and attenuates hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia in C57BL/6J mice. 
  • Left ventricular assist device effects on metabolic substrates in the failing heart. 
  • Liver-specific loss of beta-catenin blocks glutamine synthesis pathway activity and cytochrome p450 expression in mice. 
  • MYC Disrupts the Circadian Clock and Metabolism in Cancer Cells. 
  • Mechanism of action of a respiratory inhibitor from the gill tissue of the sporulating common mushroom, Agaricus bisporus. 
  • Metabolic pathway alterations that support cell proliferation. 
  • Metabolic plasticity of metastatic breast cancer cells: adaptation to changes in the microenvironment. 
  • Metabolism of the aspartyl moiety of N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid in the rat brain. 
  • Metabolites predict cardiovascular disease events in persons living with HIV: a pilot case-control study. 
  • Metabolomic analysis reveals extended metabolic consequences of marginal vitamin B-6 deficiency in healthy human subjects. 
  • Methionine to glutamine substitutions in the C-terminal domain of calmodulin impair the activation of three protein kinases. 
  • MiR-135 suppresses glycolysis and promotes pancreatic cancer cell adaptation to metabolic stress by targeting phosphofructokinase-1. 
  • Molecular dissection of the glutamine synthetase-GlnR nitrogen regulatory circuitry in Gram-positive bacteria. 
  • Molybdopterin synthase mutations in a mild case of molybdenum cofactor deficiency. 
  • Novel therapeutic targets of tumor metabolism. 
  • Nutrients and the microenvironment to feed a T cell army. 
  • Nutrition Modulation of Cardiotoxicity and Anticancer Efficacy Related to Doxorubicin Chemotherapy by Glutamine and ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids. 
  • Nutrition modulation of gastrointestinal toxicity related to cancer chemotherapy: from preclinical findings to clinical strategy. 
  • Nutritional pharmacology in surgery and critical care: 'you must unlearn what you have learned'. 
  • Nutritional support in critically ill patients. 
  • Oncogenic PIK3CA mutations reprogram glutamine metabolism in colorectal cancer. 
  • Optimizing the dose of glutamine dipeptides and antioxidants in critically ill patients: a phase I dose-finding study. 
  • Oral glutamine enhances heat shock protein expression and improves survival following hyperthermia. 
  • Oxygen flux analysis to understand the biological function of sirtuins. 
  • P38MAP kinase, but not phosphoinositol-3 kinase, signal downstream of glutamine-mediated fibronectin-integrin signaling after intestinal injury. 
  • Pancreatic growth: interaction of exogenous cholecystokinin, a protease inhibitor, and a cholecystokinin receptor antagonist in mice. 
  • Parenteral glutamine increases serum heat shock protein 70 in critically ill patients. 
  • Parenteral glutamine supplementation in critical illness: a systematic review. 
  • Partial glycosylation at asparagine-2181 of the second C-type domain of human factor V modulates assembly of the prothrombinase complex. 
  • Performance-enhancing sports supplements: role in critical care. 
  • Pharmacological blockade of ASCT2-dependent glutamine transport leads to antitumor efficacy in preclinical models. 
  • Pharmacologically dosed oral glutamine reduces myocardial injury in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: a randomized pilot feasibility trial. 
  • Pharmaconutrition review: physiological mechanisms. 
  • Potential causal role of l-glutamine in sickle cell disease painful crises: A Mendelian randomization analysis. 
  • Prevention of chemotherapy and radiation toxicity with glutamine. 
  • Properties of the Arg376 residue of the proton-coupled folate transporter (PCFT-SLC46A1) and a glutamine mutant causing hereditary folate malabsorption. 
  • Protein, fat, and carbohydrate requirements during starvation: anaplerosis and cataplerosis. 
  • Quantifying global-brain metabolite level changes with whole-head proton MR spectroscopy at 3T. 
  • Recent Metabolic Advances for Preventing and Treating Acute and Chronic Graft Versus Host Disease. 
  • Reductive TCA cycle metabolism fuels glutamine- and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. 
  • Regional glutamine deficiency in tumours promotes dedifferentiation through inhibition of histone demethylation. 
  • Role of L-glutamine in critical illness: new insights. 
  • Role of heat shock protein and cytokine expression as markers of clinical outcomes with glutamine-supplemented parenteral nutrition in surgical ICU patients. 
  • SLC1A5 provides glutamine and asparagine necessary for bone development in mice. 
  • Selective glutamine metabolism inhibition in tumor cells improves antitumor T lymphocyte activity in triple-negative breast cancer. 
  • Serine Availability Influences Mitochondrial Dynamics and Function through Lipid Metabolism. 
  • Seven novel mutations in the adenosine deaminase (ADA) gene in patients with severe and delayed onset combined immunodeficiency: G74C, V129M, G140E, R149W, Q199P, 462delG, and E337del. Mutations in brief no. 142. Online. 
  • Simultaneous administration of glucose and hyperoxic gas achieves greater improvement in tumor oxygenation than hyperoxic gas alone. 
  • Single dose of glutamine enhances myocardial tissue metabolism, glutathione content, and improves myocardial function after ischemia-reperfusion injury. 
  • Sorting nexin homologues are targets of phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate in sporulation of Schizosaccharomyces pombe. 
  • Specific chromosomal abnormalities characterize four established cell lines derived from malignant human gliomas. 
  • Stereochemical recognition of doubly functional aminotransferase in 2-deoxystreptamine biosynthesis. 
  • Structural and Dynamic Basis for Low-Affinity, High-Selectivity Binding of L-Glutamine by the Glutamine Riboswitch. 
  • Structural evidence that the P/Q domain of ZipA is an unstructured, flexible tether between the membrane and the C-terminal FtsZ-binding domain. 
  • Structure of macromolecular aggregates. II. Construction of model membranes from phospholipids and polypeptides. 
  • Structure-based redesign of corepressor specificity of the Escherichia coli purine repressor by substitution of residue 190. 
  • Structures of the Bacillus subtilis glutamine synthetase dodecamer reveal large intersubunit catalytic conformational changes linked to a unique feedback inhibition mechanism. 
  • Synthesis of betulinic acid derivatives as entry inhibitors against HIV-1 and bevirimat-resistant HIV-1 variants. 
  • Targeting In Vivo Metabolic Vulnerabilities of Th2 and Th17 Cells Reduces Airway Inflammation. 
  • Targeting glutamine metabolism network for the treatment of therapy-resistant prostate cancer. 
  • The XPD Asp312Asn and Lys751Gln polymorphisms, corresponding haplotype, and pancreatic cancer risk. 
  • The effects of cholecystokinin and cholecystokinin antagonists on synaptic function in the CA1 region of the rat hippocampal slice. 
  • The essential role of L-glutamine in lymphocyte differentiation in vitro. 
  • The glutamine debate in surgery and critical care. 
  • The glutamine story: where are we now? 
  • The kinetics of intramolecular distribution of 15N in uric acid after administration of (15N) glycine. A reappraisal of the significance of preferential labeling of N-(3+9) of uric acid in primary gout. 
  • The kinetics of intramolecular distribution of 15N in uric acid following administration of 15N-glycine: preferential labeling of N-(3+9) of uric acid in primary gout and a reappraisal of the "glutamine hypothesis". 
  • The mitochondrial 2-oxoglutarate carrier is part of a metabolic pathway that mediates glucose- and glutamine-stimulated insulin secretion. 
  • The role of glutamine metabolism in castration-resistant prostate cancer. 
  • The role of inactivation in open-channel block of the sodium channel: studies with inactivation-deficient mutant channels. 
  • The role of skeletal muscle in liver glutathione metabolism during acetaminophen overdose. 
  • The structure of a CREB bZIP.somatostatin CRE complex reveals the basis for selective dimerization and divalent cation-enhanced DNA binding. 
  • Thermodynamics of metal ion binding. 2. Metal ion binding by carbonic anhydrase variants. 
  • Transgenic manipulation of the metabolism of polyamines in poplar cells. 
  • Ubiquitination and filamentous structure of cytidine triphosphate synthase. 
  • Use of L-glutamine in total parenteral nutrition. 
  • xCT (SLC7A11)-mediated metabolic reprogramming promotes non-small cell lung cancer progression. 
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  Keywords of People

  • Cohen-Wolkowiez, Michael, Kiser-Arena Distinguished Professor, Pediatrics, Infectious Diseases
  • Erickson, Harold Paul, James B. Duke Distinguished Professor Emeritus, Cell Biology
  • Muir, Kelly Walton, Associate Professor of Ophthalmology, Ophthalmology, Glaucoma
  • Pitt, Geoffrey Stuart, Adjunct Professor in the Department of Medicine, Medicine, Cardiology
  • Starmer, Charles Franklin, Professor Emeritus of Computer Science, Computer Science
  • Turner, Dennis Alan, Professor of Neurosurgery, Biomedical Engineering
  • Wischmeyer, Paul Edmund, Professor of Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology, Critical Care Medicine