Immunity, Innate

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  Subject Areas on Research

  • A CD91-positive subset of CD11c+ blood dendritic cells: characterization of the APC that functions to enhance adaptive immune responses against CD91-targeted antigens. 
  • A Computational Model of Inhibition of HIV-1 by Interferon-Alpha. 
  • A RNA interference screen identifies RIP3 as an essential inducer of TNF-induced programmed necrosis. 
  • A bacterial virulence protein suppresses host innate immunity to cause plant disease. 
  • A conserved Toll-like receptor is required for Caenorhabditis elegans innate immunity. 
  • A family of conserved bacterial effectors inhibits salicylic acid-mediated basal immunity and promotes disease necrosis in plants. 
  • A gain-of-function mutation in a plant disease resistance gene leads to constitutive activation of downstream signal transduction pathways in suppressor of npr1-1, constitutive 1. 
  • A genomic approach to identify regulatory nodes in the transcriptional network of systemic acquired resistance in plants. 
  • A mouse macrophage lipidome. 
  • A new NOS2 promoter polymorphism associated with increased nitric oxide production and protection from severe malaria in Tanzanian and Kenyan children. 
  • A novel neurotoxoid vaccine prevents mucosal botulism. 
  • A prominent role of the flagellin receptor FLAGELLIN-SENSING2 in mediating stomatal response to Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato DC3000 in Arabidopsis. 
  • A renewed tool kit to explore Chlamydia pathogenesis: from molecular genetics to new infection models. 
  • A rhesus macaque model of Asian-lineage Zika virus infection. 
  • APOE genotype-specific differences in the innate immune response. 
  • Abrogation of baboon natural xenoantibody to pig splenocytes by DL-penicillamine. 
  • Activation and evasion of antiviral innate immunity by hepatitis C virus. 
  • Activation of an EDS1-mediated R-gene pathway in the snc1 mutant leads to constitutive, NPR1-independent pathogen resistance. 
  • Acute Kidney Injury in COVID-19: Emerging Evidence of a Distinct Pathophysiology. 
  • Acute and chronic phagocyte determinants of cardiac allograft vasculopathy. 
  • Acute organ failure following the loss of anti-apoptotic cellular FLICE-inhibitory protein involves activation of innate immune receptors. 
  • Adenoviral infection induces a multi-faceted innate cellular immune response that is mediated by the toll-like receptor pathway in A549 cells. 
  • Adenovirus capsid-display of the retro-oriented human complement inhibitor DAF reduces Ad vector-triggered immune responses in vitro and in vivo. 
  • Adenovirus infection triggers a rapid, MyD88-regulated transcriptome response critical to acute-phase and adaptive immune responses in vivo. 
  • Adenovirus vector induced innate immune responses: impact upon efficacy and toxicity in gene therapy and vaccine applications. 
  • Adjuvant-dependent innate and adaptive immune signatures of risk of SIVmac251 acquisition. 
  • After 62 years of regulating immunity, dexamethasone meets COVID-19. 
  • Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cells Ameliorate Aging Frailty: A Phase II Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. 
  • Alloimmune lung injury induced by local innate immune activation through inhaled lipopolysaccharide. 
  • Alpha-2 macroglobulin in Alzheimer's disease: a marker of neuronal injury through the RCAN1 pathway. 
  • Alterations in antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity during the course of HIV-1 infection. Humoral and cellular defects. 
  • Ambient ozone and pulmonary innate immunity. 
  • An interferon-β-resistant and NLRP3 inflammasome-independent subtype of EAE with neuronal damage. 
  • An unwelcome guest: Aspergillus colonization in lung transplantation and its association with bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome. 
  • Analysis of human innate immune responses to PRINT fabricated nanoparticles with cross validation using a humanized mouse model. 
  • Animal Models of Congenital Cytomegalovirus Transmission: Implications for Vaccine Development. 
  • Anti-phospholipid human monoclonal antibodies inhibit CCR5-tropic HIV-1 and induce beta-chemokines. 
  • Antibodies to DNA: infection or genetics? 
  • Antiviral activity of human OASL protein is mediated by enhancing signaling of the RIG-I RNA sensor. 
  • ApoE4 markedly exacerbates tau-mediated neurodegeneration in a mouse model of tauopathy. 
  • Arabidopsis BRCA2 and RAD51 proteins are specifically involved in defense gene transcription during plant immune responses. 
  • Are there effective new strategies for the treatment of acute and chronic GvHD? 
  • Arginase1 Deficiency in Monocytes/Macrophages Upregulates Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase To Promote Cutaneous Contact Hypersensitivity. 
  • Assessing activation states in microglia. 
  • Association of SLC11A1 with tuberculosis and interactions with NOS2A and TLR2 in African-Americans and Caucasians. 
  • Attenuated virulence of a Francisella mutant lacking the lipid A 4'-phosphatase. 
  • Autoimmunity in dry eye is due to resistance of Th17 to Treg suppression. 
  • Autophagy as a mechanism of antiviral defense at the maternal-fetal interface. 
  • Autophagy enhances NFκB activity in specific tissue macrophages by sequestering A20 to boost antifungal immunity. 
  • B cell maintenance of subcapsular sinus macrophages protects against a fatal viral infection independent of adaptive immunity. 
  • B-1a and B-1b cells exhibit distinct developmental requirements and have unique functional roles in innate and adaptive immunity to S. pneumoniae. 
  • Baby Genomics: Tracing the Evolutionary Changes That Gave Rise to Placentation. 
  • Bacillus anthracis spores stimulate cytokine and chemokine innate immune responses in human alveolar macrophages through multiple mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. 
  • Balance of Irgm protein activities determines IFN-gamma-induced host defense. 
  • Battle for survival: plants and their allies and enemies. 
  • Battling brain-eating amoeba: Enigmas surrounding immunity to Naegleria fowleri. 
  • Bcl-3 acts as an innate immune modulator by controlling antimicrobial responses in keratinocytes. 
  • Bioaerosols and innate immune responses in airway diseases. 
  • Biomaterial interactions with the immune system. 
  • Broad-spectrum defense against plant pathogens. 
  • Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome: the final frontier for lung transplantation. 
  • CD47 blockade augmentation of trastuzumab antitumor efficacy dependent on antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis. 
  • CD62L- memory T cells enhance T-cell regeneration after allogeneic stem cell transplantation by eliminating host resistance in mice. 
  • Caenorhabditis elegans-based screen identifies Salmonella virulence factors required for conserved host-pathogen interactions. 
  • Can Exercise-Induced Modulation of the Tumor Physiologic Microenvironment Improve Antitumor Immunity? 
  • Cancer immunoediting in malignant glioma. 
  • Carotid sinus nerve electrical stimulation in conscious rats attenuates systemic inflammation via chemoreceptor activation. 
  • Caspase-1-induced pyroptosis is an innate immune effector mechanism against intracellular bacteria. 
  • Caspase-11 protects against bacteria that escape the vacuole. 
  • Caspase-8 and RIP kinases regulate bacteria-induced innate immune responses and cell death. 
  • Cell-Cycle Regulators and Cell Death in Immunity. 
  • Cervicovaginal secretions contribute to innate resistance to herpes simplex virus infection. 
  • Challenge of Drosophila melanogaster with Cryptococcus neoformans and role of the innate immune response. 
  • Changes in primary lymphoid organs with aging. 
  • Characterization of the innate immune response to chronic aspiration in a novel rodent model. 
  • Chemerin-activated functions of CMKLR1 are regulated by G protein-coupled receptor kinase 6 (GRK6) and β-arrestin 2 in inflammatory macrophages. 
  • Chemokines as adjuvants for immunotherapy: implications for immune activation with CCL3. 
  • Chlamydia muridarum evades growth restriction by the IFN-gamma-inducible host resistance factor Irgb10. 
  • Chlamydia trachomatis Is Resistant to Inclusion Ubiquitination and Associated Host Defense in Gamma Interferon-Primed Human Epithelial Cells. 
  • Chlamydial intracellular survival strategies. 
  • Cholinergic regulatory lymphocytes re-establish neuromodulation of innate immune responses in sepsis. 
  • Chronic aspiration shifts the immune response from adaptive immunity to innate immunity in a murine model of asthma. 
  • Club cells surviving influenza A virus infection induce temporary nonspecific antiviral immunity. 
  • Clustering of pattern recognition receptors for fungal detection. 
  • Collagen type-V is a danger signal associated with primary graft dysfunction in lung transplantation. 
  • Commensal Microbiota Regulate Vertebrate Innate Immunity-Insights From the Zebrafish. 
  • Commensal microbiota stimulate systemic neutrophil migration through induction of serum amyloid A. 
  • Complement receptors CD21/35 link innate and protective immunity during Streptococcus pneumoniae infection by regulating IgG3 antibody responses. 
  • Control of IFN-gamma-mediated host resistance to intracellular pathogens by immunity-related GTPases (p47 GTPases). 
  • Control of antiviral innate immune response by protein geranylgeranylation. 
  • Control of innate immune signaling and membrane targeting by the Hepatitis C virus NS3/4A protease are governed by the NS3 helix α0. 
  • Control of the innate immune response by the mevalonate pathway. 
  • Conversion of compatible plant-pathogen interactions into incompatible interactions by expression of the Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae 61 hrmA gene in transgenic tobacco plants. 
  • Cutting edge: critical role of intracellular osteopontin in antifungal innate immune responses. 
  • Cytokine deposition alters leukocyte morphology and initial recruitment of monocytes and γδT cells after corneal injury. 
  • Cytosolic phospholipase A2 alpha-deficient mice are resistant to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. 
  • DNA mismatch repair is required for the host innate response and controls cellular fate after influenza virus infection. 
  • Damage- and pathogen-associated molecular patterns play differential roles in late mortality after critical illness. 
  • Danger signals in regulating the immune response to solid organ transplantation. 
  • Data-driven asthma endotypes defined from blood biomarker and gene expression data. 
  • Decreased platelet aggregation, increased bleeding time and resistance to thromboembolism in P2Y1-deficient mice. 
  • Defective innate immunity and hyperinflammation in newborn cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator-knockout ferret lungs. 
  • Defensins in innate antiviral immunity. 
  • Deficient innate immunity, thymopoiesis, and gene expression response to radiation in survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. 
  • Dendritic epidermal T cells regulate skin antimicrobial barrier function. 
  • Dengue subgenomic RNA binds TRIM25 to inhibit interferon expression for epidemiological fitness. 
  • Diacylglycerol kinases in immune cell function and self-tolerance. 
  • Dietary Salt Exacerbates Experimental Colitis. 
  • Differential Induction of Immunogenic Cell Death and Interferon Expression in Cancer Cells by Structured ssRNAs. 
  • Differential evolution of peripheral cytokine levels in symptomatic and asymptomatic responses to experimental influenza virus challenge. 
  • Differential requirements for NAIP5 in activation of the NLRC4 inflammasome. 
  • Discovery of new biosynthetic pathways: the lipid A story. 
  • Distinct innate responses are induced by attenuated Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium mutants. 
  • Dominance rank-associated gene expression is widespread, sex-specific, and a precursor to high social status in wild male baboons. 
  • Donor polymorphisms in Toll-like receptor-4 influence the development of rejection after renal transplantation. 
  • Dual role of alpha-defensin-1 in anti-HIV-1 innate immunity. 
  • Dusp3 and Psme3 are associated with murine susceptibility to Staphylococcus aureus infection and human sepsis. 
  • Dysregulation of innate immunity in hepatitis C virus genotype 1 IL28B-unfavorable genotype patients: impaired viral kinetics and therapeutic response. 
  • Effect of innate antiviral glycoproteins in breast milk on seroconversion to rotavirus vaccine (Rotarix) in children in Lusaka, Zambia. 
  • Effect of topical azithromycin on corneal innate immune responses. 
  • Effects of cellular activation on anti-HIV-1 restriction factor expression profile in primary cells. 
  • Elevated plasma long pentraxin-3 levels and primary graft dysfunction after lung transplantation for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. 
  • Endogenous Retrovirus Activation as a Key Mechanism of Anti-Tumor Immune Response in Radiotherapy. 
  • Endoplasmic reticulum stress, hepatocyte CD1d and NKT cell abnormalities in murine fatty livers. 
  • Engineered Oncolytic Poliovirus PVSRIPO Subverts MDA5-Dependent Innate Immune Responses in Cancer Cells. 
  • Engineering Controlled Peritumoral Inflammation to Constrain Brain Tumor Growth. 
  • Enter at your own risk: how enteroviruses navigate the dangerous world of pattern recognition receptor signaling. 
  • Enteroviruses: A Gut-Wrenching Game of Entry, Detection, and Evasion. 
  • Equine infectious anemia virus resists the antiretroviral activity of equine APOBEC3 proteins through a packaging-independent mechanism. 
  • Escherichia coli, but not Staphylococcus aureus triggers an early increased expression of factors contributing to the innate immune defense in the udder of the cow. 
  • Estradiol replacement therapy regulates innate immune response in ovariectomized arthritic mice. 
  • Evidence for regulation of resistance in Arabidopsis to Egyptian cotton worm by salicylic and jasmonic acid signaling pathways. 
  • Evolutionary dynamics of an Arabidopsis insect resistance quantitative trait locus. 
  • Expansions of NK-like αβT cells with chronologic aging: novel lymphocyte effectors that compensate for functional deficits of conventional NK cells and T cells. 
  • Exploiting innate immune cell activation of a copper-dependent antimicrobial agent during infection. 
  • Expression of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 or ICAM-2 is critical in determining sensitivity of pancreatic cancer cells to cytolysis by human gammadelta-T cells: implications in the design of gammadelta-T-cell-based immunotherapies for pancreatic cancer. 
  • Female gender lost protective effect against disease progression in elderly patients with chronic hepatitis B. 
  • Fit for consumption: zebrafish as a model for tuberculosis. 
  • Fitness benefits of systemic acquired resistance during Hyaloperonospora parasitica infection in Arabidopsis thaliana. 
  • Fitness costs of mutations affecting the systemic acquired resistance pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana. 
  • Flaviviral RNAs: weapons and targets in the war between virus and host. 
  • Foamy virus Bet proteins function as novel inhibitors of the APOBEC3 family of innate antiretroviral defense factors. 
  • Gastrin-releasing peptide, immune responses, and lung disease. 
  • Gene expression profiles of RAW264.7 macrophages stimulated with preparations of LPS differing in isolation and purity. 
  • Gene expression profiling of human alveolar macrophages infected by B. anthracis spores demonstrates TNF-alpha and NF-kappab are key components of the innate immune response to the pathogen. 
  • Genes of innate immunity and the biological response to inhaled ozone. 
  • Genetic Screen Reveals Link between the Maternal Effect Sterile Gene mes-1 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa-induced Neurodegeneration in Caenorhabditis elegans. 
  • Genetic Screen in Chlamydia muridarum Reveals Role for an Interferon-Induced Host Cell Death Program in Antimicrobial Inclusion Rupture. 
  • Genetic analysis of coevolution between plants and their natural enemies. 
  • Genetic dissection of systemic acquired resistance. 
  • Genetic interactions of TGA transcription factors in the regulation of pathogenesis-related genes and disease resistance in Arabidopsis. 
  • Genetic regulation of rejection and survival following human lung transplantation by the innate immune receptor CD14. 
  • Genetic variability in beta-defensins is not associated with susceptibility to Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. 
  • Genetically stable poliovirus vectors activate dendritic cells and prime antitumor CD8 T cell immunity. 
  • Genetics and evolution of insect resistance in Arabidopsis. 
  • Genome-wide transcriptional analysis of the Arabidopsis thaliana interaction with the plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 and the human pathogen Escherichia coli O157:H7. 
  • Gonococcal lipooligosaccharide suppresses HIV infection in human primary macrophages through induction of innate immunity. 
  • Guidelines for assessing immunocompetency in clinical trials for autoimmune diseases. 
  • Gut immune maturation depends on colonization with a host-specific microbiota. 
  • HIV-1 Vif: counteracting innate antiretroviral defenses. 
  • HIV-1 activates macrophages independent of Toll-like receptors. 
  • HIV-1 infection-induced apoptotic microparticles inhibit human DCs via CD44. 
  • HIV. A clever hijacker of the immune system. 
  • HMGB1 and microparticles as mediators of the immune response to cell death. 
  • Habitual physical activity is associated with the maintenance of neutrophil migratory dynamics in healthy older adults. 
  • Hepatitis C Virus Infection Is Inhibited by a Noncanonical Antiviral Signaling Pathway Targeted by NS3-NS4A. 
  • Herpes simplex virus (HSV)-mediated ICAM-1 gene transfer abrogates tumorigenicity and induces anti-tumor immunity. 
  • Heterogeneity of microglial activation in the innate immune response in the brain. 
  • High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein: friend and foe. 
  • High-mobility group box-1 isoforms as potential therapeutic targets in sepsis. 
  • Histone acetylation in keratinocytes enables control of the expression of cathelicidin and CD14 by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. 
  • Host defenses against cryptococcosis. 
  • Host physiological phenotype explains pathogen reservoir potential. 
  • Host resistance to malaria: using mouse models to explore the host response. 
  • Human genome-wide RNAi screen identifies an essential role for inositol pyrophosphates in Type-I interferon response. 
  • Human lung innate immune response to Bacillus anthracis spore infection. 
  • Humoral and Innate Antiviral Immunity as Tools to Clear Persistent HIV Infection. 
  • Hyaluronan contributes to bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome and stimulates lung allograft rejection through activation of innate immunity. 
  • Hyaluronan interactions with innate immunity in lung biology. 
  • Hyperinflammation, T cells, and endotoxemia. 
  • IL-10 induces regulatory T cell apoptosis by up-regulation of the membrane form of TNF-alpha. 
  • IL-1β, IL-18, and eicosanoids promote neutrophil recruitment to pore-induced intracellular traps following pyroptosis. 
  • IL-27 signaling activates skin cells to induce innate antiviral proteins and protects against Zika virus infection. 
  • IRG and GBP host resistance factors target aberrant, "non-self" vacuoles characterized by the missing of "self" IRGM proteins. 
  • IRG proteins: key mediators of interferon-regulated host resistance to intracellular pathogens. 
  • ISO: a critical evaluation of the role of peptides in heat shock/chaperone protein-mediated tumor rejection. 
  • Identification of miRNA changes in Alzheimer's disease brain and CSF yields putative biomarkers and insights into disease pathways. 
  • Identification of novel innate immune genes by transcriptional profiling of macrophages stimulated with TLR ligands. 
  • Immune control of tuberculosis by IFN-gamma-inducible LRG-47. 
  • Immune pathogenesis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. 
  • Immunogenic determinants of a neuropathogenic murine leukemia virus. 
  • Immunology of vascularized composite allotransplantation: a primer for hand surgeons. 
  • Immunology. Outwitted by viral RNAs. 
  • Immunomodulatory roles of surfactant proteins A and D: implications in lung disease. 
  • Immunopathogenesis of juvenile dermatomyositis. 
  • Immunosuppressive protocols and immunological challenges related to hand transplantation. 
  • Immunotherapy of malignant brain tumors. 
  • Immunothrombotic Activity of Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns and Extracellular Vesicles in Secondary Organ Failure Induced by Trauma and Sterile Insults. 
  • Impaired macrophage function underscores susceptibility to Salmonella in mice lacking Irgm1 (LRG-47). 
  • Impaired monocyte cholesterol clearance initiates age-related retinal degeneration and vision loss. 
  • Improving defences at the portal of HIV entry: mucosal and innate immunity. 
  • In Vitro Transcribed mRNA Vaccines with Programmable Stimulation of Innate Immunity. 
  • In vivo downregulation of innate and adaptive immune responses in corneal allograft rejection by HC-HA/PTX3 complex purified from amniotic membrane. 
  • Increased inflammation but similar physical composition and function in older-aged, HIV-1 infected subjects. 
  • Increased palmitate intake: higher acylcarnitine concentrations without impaired progression of β-oxidation. 
  • Inducers of plant systemic acquired resistance regulate NPR1 function through redox changes. 
  • Induction of immunity to human immunodeficiency virus type-1 by vaccination. 
  • Infectious disease models in zebrafish. 
  • Inflammasomes are important mediators of cyclophosphamide-induced bladder inflammation. 
  • Inflammasomes in the urinary tract: a disease-based review. 
  • Inflammation and the reciprocal production of granulocytes and lymphocytes in bone marrow. 
  • Inflammatory basis for dry eye disease flares. 
  • Inhibition of apoptosis by Rv2456c through Nuclear factor-κB extends the survival of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. 
  • Injury enhances TLR2 function and antimicrobial peptide expression through a vitamin D-dependent mechanism. 
  • Innate Antiviral Immunity in the Skin. 
  • Innate Immune Activation in High-risk Donor Kidneys: An Opportunity to Intervene? 
  • Innate Immune Cell Recovery Is Positively Regulated by NLRP12 during Emergency Hematopoiesis. 
  • Innate Immune Factors in Mothers' Breast Milk and Their Lack of Association With Rotavirus Vaccine Immunogenicity in Nicaraguan Infants. 
  • Innate Immune Responses to Bladder Infection. 
  • Innate Immunity and Asthma Risk in Amish and Hutterite Farm Children. 
  • Innate and adaptive immune responses in the urinary tract. 
  • Innate and adaptive immunity cooperate flexibly to maintain host-microbiota mutualism. 
  • Innate and adaptive receptors interact to balance humoral immunity. 
  • Innate antimicrobial immunity in the skin: A protective barrier against bacteria, viruses, and fungi. 
  • Innate immune activation by the viral PAMP poly I:C potentiates pulmonary graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant. 
  • Innate immune activation potentiates alloimmune lung disease independent of chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 3. 
  • Innate immune detection of bacterial virulence factors via the NLRC4 inflammasome. 
  • Innate immune detection of the type III secretion apparatus through the NLRC4 inflammasome. 
  • Innate immune evasion strategies of DNA and RNA viruses. 
  • Innate immune signaling through differential RIPK1 expression promote tumor progression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. 
  • Innate immunity and antimicrobial defense systems in psoriasis. 
  • Innate immunity and its regulation by mast cells. 
  • Innate immunity and the lung: defense at the interface between host and environment. 
  • Innate immunity in plants: an arms race between pattern recognition receptors in plants and effectors in microbial pathogens. 
  • Innate immunity influences long-term outcomes after human lung transplant. 
  • Innate inhibition of adaptive immunity: Mycobacterium tuberculosis-induced IL-6 inhibits macrophage responses to IFN-gamma. 
  • Innate networking: Thrombotic microangiopathy, the activation of coagulation and complement in the sensitized kidney transplant recipient. 
  • Insights into antiviral innate immunity revealed by studying hepatitis C virus. 
  • Insights into coral bleaching under heat stress from analysis of gene expression in a sea anemone model system. 
  • Interactions of innate and adaptive immunity in brain development and function. 
  • Interferon beta inhibits the Th17 cell-mediated autoimmune response in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. 
  • Interferon gamma (IFNgamma) gene transfer of an EMT6 tumor that is poorly responsive to IFNgamma stimulation: increase in tumor immunogenicity is accompanied by induction of a mouse class II transactivator and class II MHC. 
  • Interferon-Inducible GTPases in Host Resistance, Inflammation and Disease. 
  • Intestinal Serum amyloid A suppresses systemic neutrophil activation and bactericidal activity in response to microbiota colonization. 
  • Intracellular innate immune cascades and interferon defenses that control hepatitis C virus. 
  • Intracellular osteopontin (iOPN) and immunity. 
  • Inverse correlation of maturity and antibacterial activity in human dendritic cells. 
  • Is RNA interference a physiologically relevant innate antiviral immune response in mammals? 
  • Islet xenotransplantation using gal-deficient neonatal donors improves engraftment and function. 
  • Isohemagglutinins and xenoreactive antibodies: members of a distinct family of natural antibodies. 
  • Isoleucine 44 Hydrophobic Patch Controls Toxicity of Unanchored, Linear Ubiquitin Chains through NF-κB Signaling. 
  • JAK2 inhibition prevents innate immune responses and rescues animals from sepsis. 
  • Lack of infection in HIV-exposed individuals is associated with a strong CD8(+) cell noncytotoxic anti-HIV response. 
  • Late-stage tumors induce anemia and immunosuppressive extramedullary erythroid progenitor cells. 
  • Leukocyte entry into sites of inflammation requires overlapping interactions between the L-selectin and ICAM-1 pathways. 
  • Linkage of the CCR5 Delta 32 mutation with a functional polymorphism of CD45RA. 
  • Lipids at the interface of virus-host interactions. 
  • Live Imaging of Host-Pathogen Interactions in Zebrafish Larvae. 
  • Loss of tolerance of anti-dsDNA B cells in mice overexpressing CD19. 
  • Low-dose AgNPs reduce lung mechanical function and innate immune defense in the absence of cellular toxicity. 
  • Low-dose mucosal simian immunodeficiency virus infection restricts early replication kinetics and transmitted virus variants in rhesus monkeys. 
  • Lymph node T cell responses predict the efficacy of live attenuated SIV vaccines. 
  • MANF deletion abrogates early larval Caenorhabditis elegans stress response to tunicamycin and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 
  • MAVS Coordination of Antiviral Innate Immunity. 
  • MOV10 Provides Antiviral Activity against RNA Viruses by Enhancing RIG-I-MAVS-Independent IFN Induction. 
  • Major-gene resistance to the rust pathogen Coleosporium ipomoeae is common in natural populations of Ipomoea purpurea. 
  • Mast cell activators as novel immune regulators. 
  • Mast cell interleukin-10 drives localized tolerance in chronic bladder infection. 
  • Mast cell mediator responses and their suppression by pathogenic and commensal microorganisms. 
  • Mast cell-orchestrated immunity to pathogens. 
  • Mast cells as modulators of host defense in the lung. 
  • Maternal immune correlates of protection against placental transmission of cytomegalovirus. 
  • Maximal exercise increases mucosal associated invariant T cell frequency and number in healthy young men. 
  • Mechanisms of MAVS regulation at the mitochondrial membrane. 
  • Mechanisms of injury in porcine livers perfused with blood of patients with fulminant hepatic failure. 
  • Mechanobiology likely contributes to immunobiology pathways in the pathogenesis of ankylosing spondyltitis. 
  • MerTK Cleavage on Resident Cardiac Macrophages Compromises Repair After Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury. 
  • Methods to Visualize MAVS Subcellular Localization. 
  • Mice overexpressing extracellular superoxide dismutase have increased resistance to focal cerebral ischemia. 
  • Microbial colonization induces dynamic temporal and spatial patterns of NF-κB activation in the zebrafish digestive tract. 
  • Mitochondrial-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes (MAM) form innate immune synapses and are targeted by hepatitis C virus. 
  • Modulation of Human Macrophage Responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis by Silver Nanoparticles of Different Size and Surface Modification. 
  • Modulation of natural IgM binding and complement activation by natural IgG antibodies: a role for IgG anti-Gal alpha1-3Gal antibodies. 
  • Mucosal human defensins 5 and 6 antagonize the anti-HIV activity of candidate polyanion microbicides. 
  • Multiple innate inflammatory responses induced after systemic adenovirus vector delivery depend on a functional complement system. 
  • NK susceptibility varies inversely with target cell class I HLA antigen expression. 
  • NLRX1 Sequesters STING to Negatively Regulate the Interferon Response, Thereby Facilitating the Replication of HIV-1 and DNA Viruses. 
  • NPR1 modulates cross-talk between salicylate- and jasmonate-dependent defense pathways through a novel function in the cytosol. 
  • NPR1, all things considered. 
  • Natural immunity to HIV and its possible relationship to vaccine strategies. 
  • Natural killing target antigens as inducers of interferon: studies with an immunoselected, natural killing-resistant human T lymphoblastoid cell line. 
  • Naturally occurring anti-alpha-galactosyl antibodies: relationship to xenoreactive anti-alpha-galactosyl antibodies. 
  • Naturally produced outer membrane vesicles from Pseudomonas aeruginosa elicit a potent innate immune response via combined sensing of both lipopolysaccharide and protein components. 
  • Necroptosis in anti-viral inflammation. 
  • Neisseria gonorrhoeae-induced human defensins 5 and 6 increase HIV infectivity: role in enhanced transmission. 
  • Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease. 
  • New approaches for studying and exploiting an old protuberance, the plant trichome. 
  • New roles for mast cells in modulating allergic reactions and immunity against pathogens. 
  • New roles for mast cells in pathogen defense and allergic disease. 
  • Nitric oxide mediates relative airway hyporesponsiveness to lipopolysaccharide in surfactant protein A-deficient mice. 
  • Nitric oxide production and mononuclear cell nitric oxide synthase activity in malaria-tolerant Papuan adults. 
  • Nitric oxide synthase 2(Lambaréné) (G-954C), increased nitric oxide production, and protection against malaria. 
  • Non-specific and specific active immunotherapy in a B16 murine melanoma system. 
  • Novel adenovirus vectors 'capsid-displaying' a human complement inhibitor. 
  • Nucleic acid scavenging polymers inhibit extracellular DNA-mediated innate immune activation without inhibiting anti-viral responses. 
  • Oncolytic polio virotherapy of cancer. 
  • Orchestration of invariant natural killer T cell development by E and Id proteins. 
  • Overcoming Chronic Rejection-Can it B? 
  • Overexpression of Arabidopsis MAP kinase kinase 7 leads to activation of plant basal and systemic acquired resistance. 
  • Overexpression of the apple MpNPR1 gene confers increased disease resistance in Malus x domestica. 
  • Ozone primes alveolar macrophage-derived innate immunity in healthy human subjects. 
  • PAMPs and DAMPs: signal 0s that spur autophagy and immunity. 
  • PF4-HIT antibody (KKO) complexes activate broad innate immune and inflammatory responses. 
  • PKC alpha regulates Sendai virus-mediated interferon induction through HDAC6 and β-catenin. 
  • Parasite resistance and the adaptive significance of sleep. 
  • Partial resistance to infection by R5X4 primary HIV type 1 isolates in an exposed-uninfected individual homozygous for CCR5 32-base pair deletion. 
  • Pathogen virulence factors as molecular probes of basic plant cellular functions. 
  • Pathogenesis of myositis in children. 
  • Pattern Recognition Receptors in Multiple Sclerosis and Its Animal Models. 
  • Pattern recognition molecule mindin promotes intranasal clearance of influenza viruses. 
  • Pericentromeric hypomethylation elicits an interferon response in an animal model of ICF syndrome. 
  • Phosphorylation of immunity-related GTPases by a Toxoplasma gondii-secreted kinase promotes macrophage survival and virulence. 
  • Phylogeny of Toll-like receptor signaling: adapting the innate response. 
  • Plant immunity requires conformational changes [corrected] of NPR1 via S-nitrosylation and thioredoxins. 
  • Plant stomata function in innate immunity against bacterial invasion. 
  • Plant-Microbe Interactions Facing Environmental Challenge. 
  • Platelets deliver costimulatory signals to antigen-presenting cells: a potential bridge between injury and immune activation. 
  • Post-translational regulation of plant immunity. 
  • Potentiation of P2RX7 as a host-directed strategy for control of mycobacterial infection. 
  • Profiles of serum cytokines in acute drug-induced liver injury and their prognostic significance. 
  • Profound reduction of invariant natural killer T cells in the peripheral blood of a patient with interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 deficiency. 
  • Programming the magnitude and persistence of antibody responses with innate immunity. 
  • Prospects for treatment of human retrovirus-associated diseases. 
  • Proteasome-mediated turnover of the transcription coactivator NPR1 plays dual roles in regulating plant immunity. 
  • Protect this house: cytosolic sensing of viruses. 
  • Protective immunity in recurrent Staphylococcus aureus infection reflects localized immune signatures and macrophage-conferred memory. 
  • Protein prenylation restrains innate immunity by inhibiting Rac1 effector interactions. 
  • Prothymosin-alpha inhibits HIV-1 via Toll-like receptor 4-mediated type I interferon induction. 
  • Pyroptotic cell death defends against intracellular pathogens. 
  • Rare coding variants in PLCG2, ABI3, and TREM2 implicate microglial-mediated innate immunity in Alzheimer's disease. 
  • Rationale and design of the allogeneiC human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) in patients with aging fRAilTy via intravenoUS delivery (CRATUS) study: A phase I/II, randomized, blinded and placebo controlled trial to evaluate the safety and potential efficacy of allogeneic human mesenchymal stem cell infusion in patients with aging frailty. 
  • Reactive oxygen species induce antibiotic tolerance during systemic Staphylococcus aureus infection. 
  • Recalcitrant rhinosinusitis, innate immunity, and mannose-binding lectin. 
  • Receptor quality control in the endoplasmic reticulum for plant innate immunity. 
  • Recombinant oncolytic poliovirus, PVSRIPO, has potent cytotoxic and innate inflammatory effects, mediating therapy in human breast and prostate cancer xenograft models. 
  • Reduced virulence of an extensively drug-resistant outbreak strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a murine model. 
  • Regulation of Viral Infection by the RNA Modification N6-Methyladenosine. 
  • Regulation of hepatic innate immunity by hepatitis C virus. 
  • Regulation of macrophage motility by Irgm1. 
  • Regulation of γδ T Cell Effector Diversification in the Thymus. 
  • Regulatory B cell (B10 Cell) expansion during Listeria infection governs innate and cellular immune responses in mice. 
  • Regulatory B cell production of IL-10 inhibits lymphoma depletion during CD20 immunotherapy in mice. 
  • Regulatory B10 cell development and function. 
  • Replication-attenuated Human Adenoviral Type 4 vectors elicit capsid dependent enhanced innate immune responses that are partially dependent upon interactions with the complement system. 
  • Resistance of human alveolar macrophages to Bacillus anthracis lethal toxin. 
  • Resistance to Alzheimer's pathology is associated with nuclear hypertrophy in neurons. 
  • Retinoic acid-induced gene-I (RIG-I) associates with nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-2 (NOD2) to negatively regulate inflammatory signaling. 
  • Retrovirus-elicited interleukin-12 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha as inducers of interferon-gamma-mediated pathology in mouse AIDS. 
  • Review: Collectins link innate and adaptive immunity in allergic airway disease. 
  • Role and mechanism of action of the APOBEC3 family of antiretroviral resistance factors. 
  • Role of Toll-like receptor-driven innate immunity in thoracic organ transplantation. 
  • Role of murine intestinal interleukin-1 receptor 1-expressing lymphoid tissue inducer-like cells in Salmonella infection. 
  • Role of plant stomata in bacterial invasion. 
  • Role of the CD19 and CD21/35 receptor complex in innate immunity, host defense and autoimmunity. 
  • Route of immunization defines multiple mechanisms of vaccine-mediated protection against SIV. 
  • S100A15, an antimicrobial protein of the skin: regulation by E. coli through Toll-like receptor 4. 
  • STAT1 is essential for antimicrobial effector function but dispensable for gamma interferon production during Toxoplasma gondii infection. 
  • Salmonella typhimurium impedes innate immunity with a mast-cell-suppressing protein tyrosine phosphatase, SptP. 
  • Scale of health: indices of safety and efficacy in the evolving environment of large biological datasets. 
  • Scarcity or absence of humoral immune responses in the plasma and cervicovaginal lavage fluids of heavily HIV-1-exposed but persistently seronegative women. 
  • Science in Africa: The wheat stalker. 
  • Search for microRNAs expressed by intracellular bacterial pathogens in infected mammalian cells. 
  • Self and non-self discrimination of intracellular membranes by the innate immune system. 
  • Sex-dependent neurobiological features of prenatal immune activation via TLR7. 
  • Shifting Paradigms in Allergic Contact Dermatitis: The Role of Innate Immunity. 
  • Single-walled carbon nanotubes increase pandemic influenza A H1N1 virus infectivity of lung epithelial cells. 
  • Social history and exposure to pathogen signals modulate social status effects on gene regulation in rhesus macaques. 
  • Social status alters immune regulation and response to infection in macaques. 
  • Spatiotemporal programming of a simple inflammatory process. 
  • Stability of plant immune-receptor resistance proteins is controlled by SKP1-CULLIN1-F-box (SCF)-mediated protein degradation. 
  • Stem cells and cell therapies in lung biology and lung diseases. 
  • Stromules: Signal Conduits for Plant Immunity. 
  • Subcellular localization and functional analysis of the Arabidopsis GTPase RabE. 
  • Suppression of a P450 hydroxylase gene in plant trichome glands enhances natural-product-based aphid resistance. 
  • Suppression of host defense in compatible plant-Pseudomonas syringae interactions. 
  • Systemic acquired resistance. 
  • Systems biology of vaccination for seasonal influenza in humans. 
  • T-independent activation-induced cytidine deaminase expression, class-switch recombination, and antibody production by immature/transitional 1 B cells. 
  • TBK1 Limits mTORC1 by Promoting Phosphorylation of Raptor Ser877. 
  • TLR5 and Ipaf: dual sensors of bacterial flagellin in the innate immune system. 
  • Targeting Deficiencies in the TLR5 Mediated Vaginal Response to Treat Female Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection. 
  • Targeting High Mobility Group Box-1 (HMGB1) Promotes Cell Death in Myelodysplastic Syndrome. 
  • Tempering allorecognition to induce transplant tolerance with chemically modified apoptotic donor cells. 
  • Ten weeks of high-intensity interval walk training is associated with reduced disease activity and improved innate immune function in older adults with rheumatoid arthritis: a pilot study. 
  • The Arabidopsis epithiospecifier protein promotes the hydrolysis of glucosinolates to nitriles and influences Trichoplusia ni herbivory. 
  • The Chlamydia trachomatis type III secretion chaperone Slc1 engages multiple early effectors, including TepP, a tyrosine-phosphorylated protein required for the recruitment of CrkI-II to nascent inclusions and innate immune signaling. 
  • The G2019S LRRK2 mutation increases myeloid cell chemotactic responses and enhances LRRK2 binding to actin-regulatory proteins. 
  • The HSF-like transcription factor TBF1 is a major molecular switch for plant growth-to-defense transition. 
  • The Macrophage-Specific Promoter mfap4 Allows Live, Long-Term Analysis of Macrophage Behavior during Mycobacterial Infection in Zebrafish. 
  • The NLRP3 Inflammasome Mediates Inflammation Produced by Bladder Outlet Obstruction. 
  • The NLRP3 inflammasome mediates in vivo innate immunity to influenza A virus through recognition of viral RNA. 
  • The Phagocyte Oxidase Controls Tolerance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection. 
  • The Presence and Anti-HIV-1 Function of Tenascin C in Breast Milk and Genital Fluids. 
  • The Pseudomonas syringae type III effector tyrosine phosphatase HopAO1 suppresses innate immunity in Arabidopsis thaliana. 
  • The Salmonella Secreted Effector SarA/SteE Mimics Cytokine Receptor Signaling to Activate STAT3. 
  • The Skin and Intestinal Microbiota and Their Specific Innate Immune Systems. 
  • The Ubiquitin-Modifying Enzyme A20 Terminates C-Type Lectin Receptor Signals and Is a Suppressor of Host Defense against Systemic Fungal Infection. 
  • The anti-inflammatory potential of selective cholinergic agonists. 
  • The antigenic properties of bacterial DNA in normal and aberrant immunity. 
  • The clinical and environmental determinants of airway transcriptional profiles in allergic asthma. 
  • The critical role of hematopoietic cells in lipopolysaccharide-induced airway inflammation. 
  • The effectors of innate immunity: DAMPs, DAMEs, or DIMEs? 
  • The expression of HMGB1 on microparticles released during cell activation and cell death in vitro and in vivo. 
  • The extracellular release of DNA and HMGB1 from Jurkat T cells during in vitro necrotic cell death. 
  • The eye: A window to the soul of the immune system. 
  • The genetics of innate immunity in the lung. 
  • The genome of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. 
  • The human antiporcine cellular repertoire. In vitro studies of acquired and innate cellular responsiveness. 
  • The impact of host immune status on the within-host and population dynamics of antigenic immune escape. 
  • The lung is protected from spontaneous inflammation by autophagy in myeloid cells. 
  • The mast cell in innate and adaptive immunity. 
  • The nature of immune responses to urinary tract infections. 
  • The neuropeptide neuromedin U stimulates innate lymphoid cells and type 2 inflammation. 
  • The oxidative stress product carboxyethylpyrrole potentiates TLR2/TLR1 inflammatory signaling in macrophages. 
  • The potential repertoire of the innate immune system in the bladder: expression of pattern recognition receptors in the rat bladder and a rat urothelial cell line (MYP3 cells). 
  • The role of RNAi and microRNAs in animal virus replication and antiviral immunity. 
  • The role of innate APOBEC3G and adaptive AID immune responses in HLA-HIV/SIV immunized SHIV infected macaques. 
  • The role of innate immunity in acute allograft rejection after lung transplantation. 
  • The role of innate immunity in osteoarthritis: when our first line of defense goes on the offensive. 
  • The role of innate immunity in the induction of autoimmunity. 
  • The role of neutrophils in neuro-immune modulation. 
  • The role of nuclear macromolecules in innate immunity. 
  • The role of the extracellular matrix protein mindin in airway response to environmental airways injury. 
  • The role of tuberous sclerosis complex 1 in regulating innate immunity. 
  • The small GTPase RAB1B promotes antiviral innate immunity by interacting with TNF receptor-associated factor 3 (TRAF3). 
  • The spectrum of fungi that infects humans. 
  • The transcription factor c-Maf is essential for the commitment of IL-17-producing γδ T cells. 
  • Thy1+ NK [corrected] cells from vaccinia virus-primed mice confer protection against vaccinia virus challenge in the absence of adaptive lymphocytes. 
  • Timing of plant immune responses by a central circadian regulator. 
  • Toll-like receptors, innate immunity and lung transplantation. 
  • Toll-like receptors, their ligands, and atherosclerosis. 
  • Transcription factor E2-2 is an essential and specific regulator of plasmacytoid dendritic cell development. 
  • Transcriptional control of mitochondrial biogenesis and its interface with inflammatory processes. 
  • Transcriptomic Analysis of the Host Response and Innate Resilience to Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Infection in Humans. 
  • Tumor microenvironment and the immune response. 
  • Ubiquitin systems mark pathogen-containing vacuoles as targets for host defense by guanylate binding proteins. 
  • Ubiquitination of Innate Immune Regulator TRAF3 Orchestrates Expulsion of Intracellular Bacteria by Exocyst Complex. 
  • Unexpected anti-alpha GalNAc antibodies in alpha-galactosyl transferase-deficient mice: complex relationship between genotype and the natural antibody repertoire. 
  • Unfolded protein response genes regulated by CED-1 are required for Caenorhabditis elegans innate immunity. 
  • Unsupervised Analysis of Transcriptomics in Bacterial Sepsis Across Multiple Datasets Reveals Three Robust Clusters. 
  • Variability in bioreactivity linked to changes in size and zeta potential of diesel exhaust particles in human immune cells. 
  • Vav Proteins Are Key Regulators of Card9 Signaling for Innate Antifungal Immunity. 
  • Viral Replication Complexes Are Targeted by LC3-Guided Interferon-Inducible GTPases. 
  • Viral cell death inhibitor MC159 enhances innate immunity against vaccinia virus infection. 
  • Viral infection of cells within the tumor microenvironment mediates antitumor immunotherapy via selective TBK1-IRF3 signaling. 
  • Virulence systems of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato promote bacterial speck disease in tomato by targeting the jasmonate signaling pathway. 
  • Virus binding to a plasma membrane receptor triggers interleukin-1 alpha-mediated proinflammatory macrophage response in vivo. 
  • Visualization of Immune Responses in the Cornea. 
  • Vitamin B1 Helps to Limit Mycobacterium tuberculosis Growth via Regulating Innate Immunity in a Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-γ-Dependent Manner. 
  • Vitamin B5 Reduces Bacterial Growth via Regulating Innate Immunity and Adaptive Immunity in Mice Infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. 
  • WildCARDs: inflammatory caspases directly detect LPS. 
  • Xenoreactive natural antibodies in the world of natural antibodies: typical or unique? 
  • c-Maf regulates the plasticity of group 3 innate lymphoid cells by restraining the type 1 program. 
  • hrp gene-dependent induction of hin1: a plant gene activated rapidly by both harpins and the avrPto gene-mediated signal. 
  • iNKT cells require TSC1 for terminal maturation and effector lineage fate decisions. 
  • miniMAVS, You Complete Me! 
  • p47 GTPases: regulators of immunity to intracellular pathogens. 
  • β2-Adrenoreceptors of regulatory lymphocytes are essential for vagal neuromodulation of the innate immune system. 
• 

  Keywords of People

  • Al-Hegelan, Mashael, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Medicine, Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine
  • Bilbo, Staci D., Professor of Psychology and Neuroscience, Psychology and Neuroscience
  • Chen, Jun, Professor of Medicine, Duke Cancer Institute
  • Coyne, Carolyn, Instructor in the Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Molecular Genetics and Microbiology
  • Ferrari, Guido, Professor in Surgery, Molecular Genetics and Microbiology
  • Gromeier, Matthias, Professor of Neurosurgery, Molecular Genetics and Microbiology
  • Gunn, Michael Dee, Professor of Medicine, Immunology
  • Horner, Stacy M., Assistant Professor of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke Science & Society
  • Hughes Jr., Monty, Assistant Professor in Surgery, Surgery, Urology
  • Kelsoe, Garnett H., James B. Duke Distinguished Professor of Immunology, Immunology
  • MacLeod, Amanda S, Adjunct Associate Professor in the Department of Dermatology, Immunology
  • Pastva, Amy Martha, Associate Professor in Orthopaedic Surgery, Cell Biology
  • Sampson, John Howard, Robert H., M.D. and Gloria Wilkins Professor of Neurosurgery, in the School of Medicine, Immunology
  • Shinohara, Mari L., Associate Professor of Immunology, Immunology
  • Sunday, Mary Elizabeth Anne, Professor of Pathology, Cell Biology
  • Taylor, Gregory Alan, Professor in Medicine, Immunology
  • Tobin, David M., Associate Professor of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Immunology
  • Tsalik, Ephraim, Associate Professor of Medicine, Molecular Genetics and Microbiology
  • Warner, David Samuel, Distinguished Distinguished Professor of Anesthesiology, in the School of Medicine, Neurobiology
  • Weinhold, Kent James, Joseph W. and Dorothy W. Beard Distinguished Professor of Experimental Surgery, in the School of Medicine, Immunology
  • Wray, Gregory Allan, Professor of Biology, Duke Innovation & Entrepreneurship
  • Zhong, Xiaoping, Professor of Pediatrics, Immunology