Insulin Resistance

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  Subject Areas on Research

  • "Prediction is very hard, especially about the future": new biomarkers for type 2 diabetes? 
  • A Low-Frequency Inactivating AKT2 Variant Enriched in the Finnish Population Is Associated With Fasting Insulin Levels and Type 2 Diabetes Risk. 
  • A Single Bout of Premeal Resistance Exercise Improves Postprandial Glucose Metabolism in Obese Men with Prediabetes. 
  • A branched-chain amino acid-related metabolic signature that differentiates obese and lean humans and contributes to insulin resistance. 
  • A coding and non-coding transcriptomic perspective on the genomics of human metabolic disease. 
  • A genome-wide approach accounting for body mass index identifies genetic variants influencing fasting glycemic traits and insulin resistance. 
  • A human-based multi-gene signature enables quantitative drug repurposing for metabolic disease. 
  • A lipidomics analysis of the relationship between dietary fatty acid composition and insulin sensitivity in young adults. 
  • A longitudinal big data approach for precision health. 
  • A novel ChREBP isoform in adipose tissue regulates systemic glucose metabolism. 
  • A novel inflammatory biomarker, GlycA, associates with disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis and cardio-metabolic risk in BMI-matched controls. 
  • A primer on concentrated insulins: what an internist should know. 
  • A review of cardiovascular risk factors in US military personnel. 
  • A rodent model of rapid-onset diabetes induced by glucocorticoids and high-fat feeding. 
  • AKT1 polymorphisms are associated with risk for metabolic syndrome. 
  • Ablation of calcineurin Aβ reveals hyperlipidemia and signaling cross-talks with phosphodiesterases. 
  • Abnormalities in glucose tolerance are common in children with fanconi anemia and associated with impaired insulin secretion. 
  • Abnormalities of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in Dahl rats. 
  • Abrogation of adenosine A1 receptor signalling improves metabolic regulation in mice by modulating oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. 
  • Acanthosis nigricans: a practical approach to evaluation and management. 
  • Acute loss of adipose tissue-derived adiponectin triggers immediate metabolic deterioration in mice. 
  • Acute suppression of insulin resistance-associated hepatic miR-29 in vivo improves glycemic control in adult mice. 
  • Adipokines, body fatness, and insulin resistance among survivors of childhood leukemia. 
  • Adiponectin preserves metabolic fitness during aging. 
  • Adipose depots, not disease-related factors, account for skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity in established and treated rheumatoid arthritis. 
  • Adipose tissue branched chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolism modulates circulating BCAA levels. 
  • Adipose-specific deletion of TFAM increases mitochondrial oxidation and protects mice against obesity and insulin resistance. 
  • Age attenuates leucine oxidation after eccentric exercise. 
  • Agonistic angiotensin II type 1 receptor autoantibodies in postpartum women with a history of preeclampsia. 
  • Alterations in skeletal muscle fatty acid handling predisposes middle-aged mice to diet-induced insulin resistance. 
  • Altered distribution of adiponectin isoforms in children with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS): association with insulin sensitivity and circulating satiety peptide hormones. 
  • Alternative Dietary Patterns for Americans: Low-Carbohydrate Diets. 
  • Alzheimer’s disease: the new promise. 
  • An 8-year-old girl with headache and syncope. 
  • Androgen-deprivation therapy and metabolic syndrome in men with prostate cancer. 
  • Animal models of steatohepatitis. 
  • Apolipoprotein E4 Impairs Neuronal Insulin Signaling by Trapping Insulin Receptor in the Endosomes. 
  • Application of combined omics platforms to accelerate biomedical discovery in diabesity. 
  • Association Between Insulin Resistance, Plasma Leptin, and Neurocognition in Vascular Cognitive Impairment. 
  • Association between insulin resistance and bone mass in men. 
  • Association between metabolic syndrome, radiographic knee osteoarthritis, and intensity of knee pain: results of a national survey. 
  • Association of Galectin-3 With Diabetes Mellitus in the Dallas Heart Study. 
  • Association of muscle mass measured by D3-Creatine (D3Cr), sarcopenic obesity, and insulin-glucose homeostasis in postmenopausal women. 
  • Associations between APOE variants and metabolic traits and the impact of psychological stress. 
  • Associations of gestational cardiovascular health with pregnancy outcomes: the Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome study. 
  • Associations of maternal BMI and insulin resistance with the maternal metabolome and newborn outcomes. 
  • Atypical antipsychotics rapidly and inappropriately switch peripheral fuel utilization to lipids, impairing metabolic flexibility in rodents. 
  • B cells promote insulin resistance through modulation of T cells and production of pathogenic IgG antibodies. 
  • BARI 2D: A Reanalysis Focusing on Cardiovascular Events. 
  • BCAA Supplementation in Mice with Diet-induced Obesity Alters the Metabolome Without Impairing Glucose Homeostasis. 
  • BMI, RQ, diabetes, and sex affect the relationships between amino acids and clamp measures of insulin action in humans. 
  • Baroreflex Impairment Precedes Cardiometabolic Dysfunction in an Experimental Model of Metabolic Syndrome: Role of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress. 
  • Bed rest worsens impairments in fat and glucose metabolism in older, overweight adults. 
  • Beta-cell function, insulin sensitivity, and glucose tolerance in obese diabetic and nondiabetic adolescents and young adults. 
  • Beta-cell sensitivity to glucose is impaired after gastric bypass surgery. 
  • Beyond fitness tracking: The use of consumer-grade wearable data from normal volunteers in cardiovascular and lipidomics research. 
  • Biomedicine. Insulin resistance takes a trip through the ER. 
  • Branch chain amino acids: biomarkers of health and disease. 
  • Branched chain amino acids are novel biomarkers for discrimination of metabolic wellness. 
  • Branched-Chain Amino Acids and Insulin Metabolism: The Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS). 
  • Branched-chain amino acid levels are associated with improvement in insulin resistance with weight loss. 
  • Branched-chain amino acids in disease. 
  • Branched-chain α-keto acids and glutamate/glutamine: Biomarkers of insulin resistance in childhood obesity. 
  • Bypassing the duodenum does not improve insulin resistance associated with diet-induced obesity in rodents. 
  • Caloric restriction alters the metabolic response to a mixed-meal: results from a randomized, controlled trial. 
  • Carbonylation of adipose proteins in obesity and insulin resistance: identification of adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein as a cellular target of 4-hydroxynonenal. 
  • Cardiometabolic Health in Submariners Returning from a 3-Month Patrol. 
  • Carnitine revisited: potential use as adjunctive treatment in diabetes. 
  • Carnitine supplementation improves metabolic flexibility and skeletal muscle acetylcarnitine formation in volunteers with impaired glucose tolerance: A randomised controlled trial. 
  • Cellular Sites and Mechanisms Linking Reduction of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Activity to Control of Incretin Hormone Action and Glucose Homeostasis. 
  • Cellular engineering for the treatment of metabolic disorders: prospects for therapy in diabetes. 
  • Central nervous system imprinting of the G protein G(s)alpha and its role in metabolic regulation. 
  • Ceramide content is increased in skeletal muscle from obese insulin-resistant humans. 
  • ChREBP regulates fructose-induced glucose production independently of insulin signaling. 
  • Chronological development of elevated aminotransferases in a nonalcoholic population. 
  • Clinical, Hormonal, and Metabolic Parameters in Women with Subclinical Hypothyroidism and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study. 
  • Clustering and heritability of insulin resistance in Chinese and Japanese hypertensive families: a Stanford-Asian Pacific Program in Hypertension and Insulin Resistance sibling study. 
  • Comparison of diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance screening methods for women with polycystic ovary syndrome. 
  • Comparison of insulin sensitivity assessment indices with euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp data after a dietary and exercise intervention in older adults. 
  • Complications of human immunodeficiency virus therapy. 
  • Consumption of a high-fat diet induces central insulin resistance independent of adiposity. 
  • Consumption of meat is associated with higher fasting glucose and insulin concentrations regardless of glucose and insulin genetic risk scores: a meta-analysis of 50,345 Caucasians. 
  • Contraction of insulin-resistant muscle normalizes insulin action in association with increased mitochondrial activity and fatty acid catabolism. 
  • Contribution of adipogenesis to healthy adipose tissue expansion in obesity. 
  • Control of expression of insulin resistance and hyperglycemia by different genetic factors in diabetic C57BL/6J mice. 
  • Correction of diet-induced hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and skeletal muscle insulin resistance by moderate hyperleptinemia. 
  • Cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein deficiency stimulates PTEN and Stat3 mRNA translation and induces hepatic insulin resistance. 
  • Decreased PPAR gamma expression compromises perigonadal-specific fat deposition and insulin sensitivity. 
  • Depression and insulin resistance: applications to polycystic ovary syndrome. 
  • Determinants of successful glycemic control among participants in the BARI 2D trial: a post-hoc analysis. 
  • Diabetic biomarkers and the risk of proximal or distal gastric cancer. 
  • Diet and exercise interventions reduce intrahepatic fat content and improve insulin sensitivity in obese older adults. 
  • Diet-induced type II diabetes in C57BL/6J mice. 
  • Diet-induced weight loss is associated with decreases in plasma serum amyloid a and C-reactive protein independent of dietary macronutrient composition in obese subjects. 
  • Differential AMPK phosphorylation by glucagon and metformin regulates insulin signaling in human hepatic cells. 
  • Differential effects of various fish proteins in altering body weight, adiposity, inflammatory status, and insulin sensitivity in high-fat-fed rats. 
  • Digital Health: Tracking Physiomes and Activity Using Wearable Biosensors Reveals Useful Health-Related Information 
  • Directing visceral white adipocyte precursors to a thermogenic adipocyte fate improves insulin sensitivity in obese mice. 
  • Discovering pathways of sarcopenia in older adults: a role for insulin resistance on mitochondria dysfunction. 
  • Discovery of a class of endogenous mammalian lipids with anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory effects. 
  • Disorders of glucose homeostasis in young adults treated with total body irradiation during childhood: a pilot study. 
  • Disruption of Acetyl-Lysine Turnover in Muscle Mitochondria Promotes Insulin Resistance and Redox Stress without Overt Respiratory Dysfunction. 
  • Dissociation of hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance in mice overexpressing DGAT in the liver. 
  • Distinct patterns of tissue-specific lipid accumulation during the induction of insulin resistance in mice by high-fat feeding. 
  • Distinct properties and advantages of a novel peroxisome proliferator-activated protein [gamma] selective modulator. 
  • Divergent effects of glucose and fructose on hepatic lipogenesis and insulin signaling. 
  • Does a lack of physical activity explain the rheumatoid arthritis lipid profile? 
  • Downregulation of adipose glutathione S-transferase A4 leads to increased protein carbonylation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. 
  • Early prediction of sustained virological response at day 3 of treatment with albinterferon-alpha-2b in patients with genotype 2/3 chronic hepatitis C. 
  • Early pregnancy insulin resistance and subsequent gestational diabetes mellitus. 
  • Editorial: Insulin Resistance: Releasing the Brakes on Synovial Inflammation and Osteoarthritis? 
  • Effect of Progressive Weight Loss on Lactate Metabolism: A Randomized Controlled Trial. 
  • Effect of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding on branched-chain amino acid metabolism. 
  • Effect of behavioral weight-loss program on biomarkers of cardiometabolic disease risk: Heart Health Study randomized trial. 
  • Effect of caloric restriction with and without exercise on metabolic intermediates in nonobese men and women. 
  • Effect of excessive gestational weight gain on insulin sensitivity and insulin kinetics in women with overweight/obesity. 
  • Effect of exercise intensity and volume on persistence of insulin sensitivity during training cessation. 
  • Effect of the volume and intensity of exercise training on insulin sensitivity. 
  • Effect of voluntary exercise on peripheral tissue glucocorticoid receptor content and the expression and activity of 11beta-HSD1 in the Syrian hamster. 
  • Effects of PREMIER lifestyle modifications on participants with and without the metabolic syndrome. 
  • Effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass or diabetes support and education on insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion in morbidly obese patients with type 2 diabetes. 
  • Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Insulin Sensitivity and Secretion in Prediabetes. 
  • Effects of aerobic training with and without weight loss on insulin sensitivity and lipids. 
  • Effects of aerobic vs. resistance training on visceral and liver fat stores, liver enzymes, and insulin resistance by HOMA in overweight adults from STRRIDE AT/RT. 
  • Effects of branched-chain amino acids on glucose metabolism in obese, prediabetic men and women: a randomized, crossover study. 
  • Effects of exercise training intensity on pancreatic beta-cell function. 
  • Effects of lactogen resistance and GH deficiency on mouse metabolism: pancreatic hormones, adipocytokines, and expression of adiponectin and insulin receptors. 
  • Effects of potassium supplements on glucose metabolism in African Americans with prediabetes: a pilot trial. 
  • Efficacy of metformin and fermentable fiber combination therapy in adolescents with severe obesity and insulin resistance: study protocol for a double-blind randomized controlled trial. 
  • Elevated resistin levels induce central leptin resistance and increased atherosclerotic progression in mice. 
  • Endotoxin mediated-iNOS induction causes insulin resistance via ONOO⁻ induced tyrosine nitration of IRS-1 in skeletal muscle. 
  • Energetics and metabolism in the failing heart: important but poorly understood. 
  • Enhanced Glucose Control Following Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy Does Not Require a β-Cell Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor. 
  • Enhanced fitness: a randomized controlled trial of the effects of home-based physical activity counseling on glycemic control in older adults with prediabetes mellitus. 
  • Evidence of a relationship between infant birth weight and later diabetes and impaired glucose regulation in a Chinese population. 
  • Exercise training, lipid regulation, and insulin action: a tangled web of cause and effect. 
  • Exercise, abdominal obesity, skeletal muscle, and metabolic risk: evidence for a dose response. 
  • Fasting hyperinsulinemia in human immunodeficiency virus-infected men: relationship to body composition, gonadal function, and protease inhibitor use. 
  • Fatty liver, hypertension, and the metabolic syndrome. 
  • Feeding diversified protein sources exacerbates hepatic insulin resistance via increased gut microbial branched-chain fatty acids and mTORC1 signaling in obese mice. 
  • Fetal development of subcutaneous white adipose tissue is dependent on Zfp423. 
  • Fibroblast growth factor 21 mediates specific glucagon actions. 
  • First trimester insulin resistance and subsequent preeclampsia: a prospective study. 
  • Fructose consumption as a risk factor for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. 
  • G(s)alpha deficiency in skeletal muscle leads to reduced muscle mass, fiber-type switching, and glucose intolerance without insulin resistance or deficiency. 
  • GSK3 involvement in amylin signaling in isolated rat soleus muscle. 
  • Galphaz negatively regulates insulin secretion and glucose clearance. 
  • Genetic Determinants of Circulating Estrogen Levels and Evidence of a Causal Effect of Estradiol on Bone Density in Men. 
  • Genetic analysis in European ancestry individuals identifies 517 loci associated with liver enzymes. 
  • Genetic inactivation of ANGPTL4 improves glucose homeostasis and is associated with reduced risk of diabetes. 
  • Genetic susceptibility to hepatic steatosis. 
  • Genome-wide association analysis identifies TYW3/CRYZ and NDST4 loci associated with circulating resistin levels. 
  • Ghrelin Impairs Prandial Glucose Tolerance and Insulin Secretion in Healthy Humans Despite Increasing GLP-1. 
  • Ghrelin concentrations in Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) infants and children: changes during development. 
  • Ghrelin stimulation of growth hormone isoforms: parallel secretion of total and 20-kDa growth hormone and relation to insulin sensitivity in healthy humans. 
  • Glucose clearance is delayed after hyperglycemia in healthy elderly men. 
  • Glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, and pathological features of Alzheimer disease in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. 
  • Glutamine in critical illness: the time has come, the time is now. 
  • Glutamine. 
  • Glutamine: mode of action in critical illness. 
  • Glycemic response to stress is altered in euglycemic Pima Indians. 
  • Glycogenosis is common in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and is independently associated with ballooning, but lower steatosis and lower fibrosis. 
  • Gut barrier dysfunction in the Apc(Min/+) mouse model of colon cancer cachexia. 
  • HDAC3 sets the timer on muscle fuel switching. 
  • Hepatic IRF3 fuels dysglycemia in obesity through direct regulation of Ppp2r1b. 
  • Hepatic acyl-CoA:diacylglcyerol acyltransferase (DGAT) overexpression, diacylglycerol, and insulin sensitivity. 
  • Hepatic expression of malonyl-CoA decarboxylase reverses muscle, liver and whole-animal insulin resistance. 
  • Hepatic hexokinase domain containing 1 (HKDC1) improves whole body glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in pregnant mice. 
  • Hepatic mTORC1 Opposes Impaired Insulin Action to Control Mitochondrial Metabolism in Obesity. 
  • Hepatic overexpression of glycerol-sn-3-phosphate acyltransferase 1 in rats causes insulin resistance. 
  • Hepatic steatosis and type 2 diabetes mellitus. 
  • Hepatic triglyceride synthesis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. 
  • Hepatocellular carcinoma development in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Is it going to be the "Plague" of the 21st century? A literature review focusing on pathogenesis, prevention and treatment. 
  • Hepatocyte Smoothened Activity Controls Susceptibility to Insulin Resistance and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. 
  • High-Intensity Interval Training for Cardiometabolic Disease Prevention. 
  • Higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in African-American women with polycystic ovary syndrome compared with Caucasian counterparts. 
  • Hormonal and metabolic effects of carbohydrate restriction in children with Prader-Willi syndrome. 
  • Hostility and minimal model of glucose kinetics in African American women. 
  • How are we going to understand (dys)regulation of glucose metabolism? 
  • Hyperglycemia induces insulin resistance on angiotensinogen gene expression in diabetic rat kidney proximal tubular cells. 
  • Hypothalamic CaMKK2 contributes to the regulation of energy balance. 
  • Ildr1 gene deletion protects against diet-induced obesity and hyperglycemia. 
  • Impact of activated vitamin D on insulin resistance in nondiabetic chronic kidney disease patients. 
  • Impact of combined resistance and aerobic exercise training on branched-chain amino acid turnover, glycine metabolism and insulin sensitivity in overweight humans. 
  • Impact of diabetes on epidemiology, treatment, and outcomes of patients with heart failure. 
  • Impact of hormone replacement therapy on exercise training-induced improvements in insulin action in sedentary overweight adults. 
  • Impact of lifestyle Intervention on branched-chain amino acid catabolism and insulin sensitivity in adolescents with obesity. 
  • Impact of olanzapine or risperidone treatment on insulin sensitivity in schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. 
  • Impact on cardiometabolic risk of a weight loss intervention with higher protein from lean red meat: Combined results of 2 randomized controlled trials in obese middle-aged and older adults. 
  • Impaired beta-cell sensitivity to glucose and maximal insulin secretory capacity in adolescents with type 2 diabetes. 
  • Impaired insulin secretion and enhanced insulin sensitivity in cholecystokinin-deficient mice. 
  • Improved glycemic control enhances the incretin effect in patients with type 2 diabetes. 
  • Improved insulin sensitivity after gastric bypass correlates with decreased total body fat, but not with changes in free fatty acids. 
  • Improvement in insulin resistance after gastric bypass surgery is correlated with a decline in plasma 2-hydroxybutyric acid. 
  • Inactivity, exercise training and detraining, and plasma lipoproteins. STRRIDE: a randomized, controlled study of exercise intensity and amount. 
  • Increased Hepatic Fat Content in Patients with Resistance to Thyroid Hormone Beta. 
  • Increased insulin sensitivity in mice lacking collectrin, a downstream target of HNF-1alpha. 
  • Increased lipid accumulation and insulin resistance in transgenic mice expressing DGAT2 in glycolytic (type II) muscle. 
  • Increases in stimulated secretion of proinflammatory cytokines by blood monocytes following arousal of negative affect: the role of insulin resistance as moderator. 
  • Increasing fructose 2,6-bisphosphate overcomes hepatic insulin resistance of type 2 diabetes. 
  • Influence of obesity-related risk factors in the aetiology of glioma. 
  • Inhibition of de novo ceramide synthesis reverses diet-induced insulin resistance and enhances whole-body oxygen consumption. 
  • Inhibition of the gut enzyme intestinal alkaline phosphatase may explain how aspartame promotes glucose intolerance and obesity in mice. 
  • Insulin Sensitivity and β-Cell Function Improve after Gastric Bypass in Severely Obese Adolescents. 
  • Insulin action, type 2 diabetes, and branched-chain amino acids: A two-way street. 
  • Insulin and glucose homeostasis in childhood cancer survivors treated with abdominal radiation: A pilot study. 
  • Insulin resistance and alterations in angiogenesis: additive insults that may lead to preeclampsia. 
  • Insulin resistance and altered systemic glucose metabolism in mice lacking Nur77. 
  • Insulin resistance and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in young adult survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. 
  • Insulin resistance and steatosis in hepatitis C virus infection. 
  • Insulin resistance but not inflammation is associated with gestational hypertension. 
  • Insulin resistance in heart failure: widening the divide between reduced and preserved ejection fraction? 
  • Insulin resistance independently predicts the progression of coronary artery calcification. 
  • Insulin resistance is associated with a metabolic profile of altered protein metabolism in Chinese and Asian-Indian men. 
  • Insulin resistance is associated with elevated serum pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) levels in morbidly obese patients. 
  • Insulin resistance is independently associated with significant hepatic fibrosis in Asian chronic hepatitis C genotype 2 or 3 patients. 
  • Insulin resistance syndrome and cardiovascular disease: genetics and connections to skeletal muscle function. 
  • Insulin resistance syndrome blunts the mitochondrial anabolic response following resistance exercise. 
  • Interplay between lipids and branched-chain amino acids in development of insulin resistance. 
  • Intramuscular triacylglycerol and insulin resistance: guilty as charged or wrongly accused? 
  • Investigation of the mechanisms contributing to the compensatory increase in insulin secretion during dexamethasone-induced insulin resistance in rhesus macaques. 
  • Is Mid-trimester Insulin Resistance Predictive of Subsequent Puerperal Infection? A Secondary Analysis of Randomized Trial Data. 
  • Is impaired glucose metabolism the missing piece in the obesity-asthma puzzle? 
  • Isolation of a nuclease-resistant decoy RNA that selectively blocks autoantibody binding to insulin receptors on human lymphocytes. 
  • KLF15 is a molecular link between endoplasmic reticulum stress and insulin resistance. 
  • Knock-down of LAR protein tyrosine phosphatase induces insulin resistance. 
  • Knockout of TRPC6 promotes insulin resistance and exacerbates glomerular injury in Akita mice. 
  • L-glutamine supplementation of a high fat diet reduces body weight and attenuates hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia in C57BL/6J mice. 
  • Lipid kinase PIK3C3 maintains healthy brown and white adipose tissues to prevent metabolic diseases. 
  • Lipid partitioning, incomplete fatty acid oxidation, and insulin signal transduction in primary human muscle cells: effects of severe obesity, fatty acid incubation, and fatty acid translocase/CD36 overexpression. 
  • Lipid-induced metabolic dysfunction in skeletal muscle. 
  • Lipoatrophic diabetes and end-stage liver disease secondary to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis with recurrence after liver transplantation. 
  • Long-chain omega-3 fatty acids regulate bovine whole-body protein metabolism by promoting muscle insulin signalling to the Akt-mTOR-S6K1 pathway and insulin sensitivity. 
  • Long-echo time MR spectroscopy for skeletal muscle acetylcarnitine detection. 
  • Long-term effects of a high-carbohydrate diet and exercise on insulin action in older subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. 
  • Longitudinal multi-omics of host-microbe dynamics in prediabetes. 
  • Loss of sirtuin 4 leads to elevated glucose- and leucine-stimulated insulin levels and accelerated age-induced insulin resistance in multiple murine genetic backgrounds. 
  • Lower brain-derived neurotrophic factor in patients with prader-willi syndrome compared to obese and lean control subjects. 
  • Maternal BMI and Glycemia Impact the Fetal Metabolome. 
  • Maternal Dietary Patterns are Associated with Lower Levels of Cardiometabolic Markers during Pregnancy. 
  • Maternal Metabolites Associated With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and a Postpartum Disorder of Glucose Metabolism. 
  • Mechanisms by which smoothelin-like protein 1 reverses insulin resistance in myotubules and mice. 
  • Mechanisms of disease progression in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. 
  • Mechanisms of disease:Molecular and metabolic mechanisms of insulin resistance and beta-cell failure in type 2 diabetes. 
  • Metabolic flexibility during late pregnancy is associated with neonatal adiposity. 
  • Metabolic inflexibility: when mitochondrial indecision leads to metabolic gridlock. 
  • Metabolic remodeling of human skeletal myocytes by cocultured adipocytes depends on the lipolytic state of the system. 
  • Metabolic syndrome: definition, pathophysiology, and mechanisms. 
  • Metabolism: A is for adipokine. 
  • Metabolomic analysis of insulin resistance across different mouse strains and diets. 
  • Metabolomic and genetic associations with insulin resistance in pregnancy. 
  • Metabolomic profile associated with insulin resistance and conversion to diabetes in the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study. 
  • Metabolomic profiling for the identification of novel biomarkers and mechanisms related to common cardiovascular diseases: form and function. 
  • Metabolomic profiling identifies complex lipid species and amino acid analogues associated with response to weight loss interventions. 
  • Metabolomics applied to diabetes research: moving from information to knowledge. 
  • Metabolomics reveals unexpected responses to oral glucose. 
  • Metformin in the treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: a pilot open label trial. 
  • Metformin reverses fatty liver disease in obese, leptin-deficient mice. 
  • Mitochondrial dysfunction and insulin resistance: a matter of lifestyle? 
  • Mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase-1 is essential in liver for the metabolism of excess acyl-CoAs. 
  • Mitochondrial overload and incomplete fatty acid oxidation contribute to skeletal muscle insulin resistance. 
  • Moderate-intensity aerobic training program improves insulin sensitivity and inflammatory markers in a pilot study of morbidly obese minority teens. 
  • MuRF2 regulates PPARγ1 activity to protect against diabetic cardiomyopathy and enhance weight gain induced by a high fat diet. 
  • Muscle-specific deletion of carnitine acetyltransferase compromises glucose tolerance and metabolic flexibility. 
  • Myostatin decreases with aerobic exercise and associates with insulin resistance. 
  • Necdin-E2F4 interaction provides insulin-sensitizing effect after weight loss induced by gastric bypass surgery. 
  • Neurocognition in treatment-resistant hypertension: profile and associations with cardiovascular biomarkers. 
  • New genetic loci link adipose and insulin biology to body fat distribution. 
  • New insights into gestational glucose metabolism: lessons learned from 21st century approaches. 
  • New insights into oxidative stress and inflammation during diabetes mellitus-accelerated atherosclerosis. 
  • Niacin in cardiovascular prevention: mechanisms, efficacy, and safety. 
  • Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease as a complication of insulin resistance. 
  • Novel cancer therapies and their association with diabetes. 
  • Novel loci for adiponectin levels and their influence on type 2 diabetes and metabolic traits: a multi-ethnic meta-analysis of 45,891 individuals. 
  • Novel plasma biomarkers improve discrimination of metabolic health independent of weight. 
  • Nutrient overload, insulin resistance, and ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1, S6K1. 
  • Nutritional effects on T-cell immunometabolism. 
  • Obesity and insulin resistance in young people. 
  • Obesity and insulin resistance: is it due to body fat, energy balance, or gut factors? 
  • Obesity, insulin resistance, and skeletal muscle nitric oxide synthase. 
  • Obesity-related derangements in metabolic regulation. 
  • Obestatin and adropin in Prader-Willi syndrome and nonsyndromic obesity: Associations with weight, BMI-z, and HOMA-IR. 
  • Omental gene expression of adiponectin correlates with degree of insulin sensitivity before and after gastric bypass surgery. 
  • Outcomes of biomarker feedback on physical activity, eating habits, and emotional health: from the Americans in Motion-Healthy Intervention (AIM-HI) study. 
  • Overview of clinical perspectives and mechanisms of obesity. 
  • PUFA supplements and type 2 diabetes in the elderly. 
  • Participation of ATM in insulin signalling through phosphorylation of eIF-4E-binding protein 1. 
  • Pathogenesis of A⁻β⁺ ketosis-prone diabetes. 
  • Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ and Its Role in Adipocyte Homeostasis and Thiazolidinedione-Mediated Insulin Sensitization. 
  • Pharmacologic blockade of the natriuretic peptide clearance receptor promotes weight loss and enhances insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes. 
  • Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) suppresses IL-1β-mediated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activation to improve hepatocyte insulin signaling. 
  • Pioglitazone, vitamin E, or placebo for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. 
  • Plasma acylcarnitine profiling indicates increased fatty acid oxidation relative to tricarboxylic acid cycle capacity in young, healthy low birth weight men. 
  • Plasma acylcarnitines during insulin stimulation in humans are reflective of age-related metabolic dysfunction. 
  • Plasma amino acid levels are elevated in young, healthy low birth weight men exposed to short-term high-fat overfeeding. 
  • Plasma glycosylphosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase D predicts the change in insulin sensitivity in response to a low-fat but not a low-carbohydrate diet in obese women. 
  • Polycystic ovary syndrome and diabetes screening: a survey of gynecologists and reproductive endocrinologists. 
  • Polycystic ovary syndrome and severe nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: beneficial effect of modest weight loss and exercise on liver biopsy findings. 
  • Polycystic ovary syndrome: update on diagnosis and treatment. 
  • Polymorphisms of the scavenger receptor class B member 1 are associated with insulin resistance with evidence of gene by sex interaction. 
  • Potassium and glucose measures in older adults: the Cardiovascular Health Study. 
  • Pparg-P465L mutation worsens hyperglycemia in Ins2-Akita female mice via adipose-specific insulin resistance and storage dysfunction. 
  • Preclinical developments in type 2 diabetes. 
  • Predicting gestational diabetes: choosing the optimal early serum marker. 
  • Predictors of target organ damage in hypertensive blacks and whites. 
  • Preeclampsia and future cardiovascular disease: potential role of altered angiogenesis and insulin resistance. 
  • Pregnancy and Smoothelin-like Protein 1 (SMTNL1) Deletion Promote the Switching of Skeletal Muscle to a Glycolytic Phenotype in Human and Mice. 
  • Prenatal air pollution exposure induces sexually dimorphic fetal programming of metabolic and neuroinflammatory outcomes in adult offspring. 
  • Prevalences of type 2 diabetes, the insulin resistance syndrome, and coronary heart disease in an elderly, biethnic population. 
  • Probiotics and antibodies to TNF inhibit inflammatory activity and improve nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. 
  • Prospective association between fasting NEFA and type 2 diabetes: impact of post-load glucose. 
  • Protectin DX alleviates insulin resistance by activating a myokine-liver glucoregulatory axis. 
  • Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Phosphatase Regulatory Gene Expression Correlates with Exercise Training Insulin Sensitivity Changes. 
  • Race differences in the relation of vitamins A, C, E, and β-carotene to metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers. 
  • Racial differences in urinary F2-isoprostane levels and the cross-sectional association with BMI. 
  • Rapid deterioration of insulin secretion in obese adolescents preceding the onset of type 2 diabetes. 
  • Regular exercise prevents the development of hyperglucocorticoidemia via adaptations in the brain and adrenal glands in male Zucker diabetic fatty rats. 
  • Regulation of Glucose Production in the Pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes. 
  • Regulator of Calcineurin 1 helps coordinate whole-body metabolism and thermogenesis. 
  • Relations between deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene and insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, hyperinsulinemia, and dyslipidemia. 
  • Relationship between adipose tissue insulin resistance and liver histology in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: a pioglitazone versus vitamin E versus placebo for the treatment of nondiabetic patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis trial follow-up study. 
  • Relationships between circulating metabolic intermediates and insulin action in overweight to obese, inactive men and women. 
  • Replication of genome-wide association signals of type 2 diabetes in Han Chinese in a prospective cohort. 
  • Research Resource: Roles for Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Kinase 2 (CaMKK2) in Systems Metabolism. 
  • Results of bariatric surgery. 
  • Reversal of diet-induced glucose intolerance by hepatic expression of a variant glycogen-targeting subunit of protein phosphatase-1. 
  • Reversal of diet-induced obesity increases insulin transport into cerebrospinal fluid and restores sensitivity to the anorexic action of central insulin in male rats. 
  • Risk Factors for Heart Failure in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: The CRIC (Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort) Study. 
  • Role of Acid-Base Homeostasis in Diabetic Kidney Disease. 
  • Role of Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress in Glucose Tolerance, Insulin Resistance, and Cardiac Diastolic Dysfunction. 
  • SIRT3 Directs Carbon Traffic in Muscle to Promote Glucose Control. 
  • SIRT3 weighs heavily in the metabolic balance: a new role for SIRT3 in metabolic syndrome. 
  • SIRT4 Is a Lysine Deacylase that Controls Leucine Metabolism and Insulin Secretion. 
  • Safety considerations with niacin therapy. 
  • Selection of an RNA molecule that mimics a major autoantigenic epitope of human insulin receptor. 
  • Self-reported symptoms of sleep disturbance and inflammation, coagulation, insulin resistance and psychosocial distress: evidence for gender disparity. 
  • Serum potassium is a predictor of incident diabetes in African Americans with normal aldosterone: the Jackson Heart Study. 
  • Serum resistin is not associated with obesity or insulin resistance in humans. 
  • Severe insulin resistance in a patient with type 1 diabetes and stiff-man syndrome treated with insulin lispro. 
  • Sex differences in biomarkers associated with insulin resistance in obese adolescents: metabolomic profiling and principal components analysis. 
  • Sex differences in the relation of depressive symptoms, hostility, and anger expression to indices of glucose metabolism in nondiabetic adults. 
  • Sex-dimorphic genetic effects and novel loci for fasting glucose and insulin variability. 
  • Sirtuin-3 (Sirt3) regulates skeletal muscle metabolism and insulin signaling via altered mitochondrial oxidation and reactive oxygen species production. 
  • Skeletal muscle disease in rheumatoid arthritis: the center of cardiometabolic comorbidities? 
  • Skeletal muscle loss: cachexia, sarcopenia, and inactivity. 
  • Skeletal muscle-specific Cre recombinase expression, controlled by the human α-skeletal actin promoter, improves glucose tolerance in mice fed a high-fat diet. 
  • Sleep Characteristics and Measures of Glucose Metabolism in Blacks: The Jackson Heart Study. 
  • Sleeve gastrectomy rapidly enhances islet function independently of body weight. 
  • Smoking in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome: baseline validation of self-report and effects on phenotype. 
  • Steatosis and chronic hepatitis C virus infection: mechanisms and significance. 
  • Studies of a targeted risk reduction intervention through defined exercise (STRRIDE). 
  • Sugar pills for pancreatic cancer: the benefits of becoming (insulin) sensitive. 
  • Suppressive Effects of Insulin on Tumor Necrosis Factor-Dependent Early Osteoarthritic Changes Associated With Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. 
  • Syndrome X and diabetes: what is the mystery? 
  • TCF1 links GIPR signaling to the control of beta cell function and survival. 
  • Tamoxifen Improves Glucose Tolerance in a Delivery-, Sex-, and Strain-Dependent Manner in Mice. 
  • Targeted Metabolomics Demonstrates Distinct and Overlapping Maternal Metabolites Associated With BMI, Glucose, and Insulin Sensitivity During Pregnancy Across Four Ancestry Groups. 
  • Targeting BCAA Catabolism to Treat Obesity-Associated Insulin Resistance. 
  • Temporal plasticity of insulin and incretin secretion and insulin sensitivity following sleeve gastrectomy contribute to sustained improvements in glucose control. 
  • The DASH diet and insulin sensitivity. 
  • The Effect of Vigorous- Versus Moderate-Intensity Aerobic Exercise on Insulin Action. 
  • The Enigma of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism. 
  • The FGF21 response to fructose predicts metabolic health and persists after bariatric surgery in obese humans. 
  • The Hybrid Mouse Diversity Panel: a resource for systems genetics analyses of metabolic and cardiovascular traits. 
  • The Relation of Light-to-Moderate Alcohol Consumption to Glucose Metabolism and Insulin Resistance in Nondiabetic Adults: the Moderating Effects of Depressive Symptom Severity, Adiposity, and Sex. 
  • The STEDMAN project: biophysical, biochemical and metabolic effects of a behavioral weight loss intervention during weight loss, maintenance, and regain. 
  • The Sweet Path to Metabolic Demise: Fructose and Lipid Synthesis. 
  • The association between vitamin D and cardiometabolic risk factors in children: a systematic review. 
  • The carboxypeptidase E knockout mouse exhibits endocrinological and behavioral deficits. 
  • The carotid body as a therapeutic target for the treatment of sympathetically mediated diseases. 
  • The effect of chronic twice daily exenatide treatment on β-cell function in new onset type 2 diabetes. 
  • The effectiveness of a primary care-based pediatric obesity program. 
  • The effects of aerobic, resistance, and combination training on insulin sensitivity and secretion in overweight adults from STRRIDE AT/RT: a randomized trial. 
  • The effects of varying dietary carbohydrate and fat content on survival in a murine LNCaP prostate cancer xenograft model. 
  • The how and why of stress, diabetes, and the brain. 
  • The impact of exercise training compared to caloric restriction on hepatic and peripheral insulin resistance in obesity. 
  • The incretin effect in obese adolescents with and without type 2 diabetes: impaired or intact? 
  • The metabolic phenotype of Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) in childhood: heightened insulin sensitivity relative to body mass index. 
  • The pathogenesis of insulin resistance in children: metabolic complications and the roles of diet, exercise and pharmacotherapy in the prevention of type 2 diabetes. 
  • The problem of establishing relationships between hepatic steatosis and hepatic insulin resistance. 
  • The role of the transcription factor ETV5 in insulin exocytosis. 
  • Tirzepatide induces a thermogenic-like amino acid signature in brown adipose tissue. 
  • Trans-ethnic Meta-analysis and Functional Annotation Illuminates the Genetic Architecture of Fasting Glucose and Insulin. 
  • Transgenic restoration of long-chain n-3 fatty acids in insulin target tissues improves resolution capacity and alleviates obesity-linked inflammation and insulin resistance in high-fat-fed mice. 
  • Treatment with the 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase inhibitor trimetazidine does not exacerbate whole-body insulin resistance in obese mice. 
  • Triglyceride Induced Metabolic Inflammation: Potential Connection of Insulin Resistance and Recurrent Pregnancy Loss. 
  • Tumor necrosis factor and its potential role in insulin resistance and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. 
  • Type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance: an hepatocentric phenomenon? 
  • UDP-N-acetylglucosamine transferase and glutamine: fructose 6-phosphate amidotransferase activities in insulin-sensitive tissues. 
  • Urinary F2-isoprostanes and the risk of hypertension. 
  • Urinary F2-isoprostanes, obesity, and weight gain in the IRAS cohort. 
  • Validation of the association between a branched chain amino acid metabolite profile and extremes of coronary artery disease in patients referred for cardiac catheterization. 
  • Very-low-carbohydrate weight-loss diets revisited. 
  • Viral Infection "Interferes" with Glucose Tolerance. 
  • Viral clearance is associated with improved insulin resistance in genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C but not genotype 2/3. 
  • Visceral fat and adiponectin: associations with insulin resistance are tissue-specific in women. 
  • Weight-independent changes in blood glucose homeostasis after gastric bypass or vertical sleeve gastrectomy in rats. 
  • Workshop IX--Lipids, insulin, diabetes. 
  • l-Citrulline supplementation improves glucose and exercise tolerance in obese male mice. 
  • β-Cell Function Over Time in Adolescents With New Type 2 Diabetes and Obese Adolescents Without Diabetes. 
  • β-Cell Inactivation of Gpr119 Unmasks Incretin Dependence of GPR119-Mediated Glucoregulation. 
  • β-Cell Sensitivity to GLP-1 in Healthy Humans Is Variable and Proportional to Insulin Sensitivity. 
  • β-Cell-specific ablation of sirtuin 4 does not affect nutrient-stimulated insulin secretion in mice. 
  • β-cell dysfunction in adolescents and adults with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus. 
• 

  Keywords of People

  • Choi, Steven Sok, Associate Professor of Medicine, Medicine, Gastroenterology
  • Freemark, Michael Scott, Robert C. Atkins, M.D. and Veronica Atkins Distinguished Professor of Pediatrics, in the School of Medicine, Pediatrics, Endocrinology
  • Georgiades, Anastasia, Research Scientist, Psychology & Neuroscience
  • Grambow, Steven C., Associate Professor of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Biostatistics & Bioinformatics
  • White, Phillip James, Assistant Professor in Medicine, Pharmacology & Cancer Biology
  • Yancy Jr., William Samuel, Professor of Medicine, Medicine, General Internal Medicine