Kidney Calculi

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  Subject Areas on Research

  • Editorial Comment on: The Impact of Dust and Confinement on Fragmentation of Kidney Stones by Shockwave Lithotripsy in Tissue Phantoms by Randad et al. (From: Randad A, Ahn J, Bailey MR, et al. J Endourol 2019;33:400-406; DOI: 10.1089/end.2018.0516). 
  • A comparison of the bioeffects of four different modes of stone therapy on renal function and morphology. 
  • A composite kidney stone phantom with mechanical properties controllable over the range of human kidney stones. 
  • A generic framework to simulate realistic lung, liver and renal pathologies in CT imaging. 
  • A simple method for fabricating artificial kidney stones of different physical properties. 
  • Acoustic and mechanical properties of artificial stones in comparison to natural kidney stones. 
  • Acoustic and mechanical properties of renal calculi: implications in shock wave lithotripsy. 
  • Advances in the surgical management of nephrolithiasis. 
  • Alkali action on the urinary crystallization of calcium salts: contrasting responses to sodium citrate and potassium citrate. 
  • Alpha-blockers after shock wave lithotripsy for renal or ureteral stones in adults. 
  • An in vitro evaluation of laser settings and location in the efficiency of the popcorn effect. 
  • An overview of calcium homeostasis in humans. 
  • Are stone protocol computed tomography scans mandatory for children with suspected urinary calculi? 
  • Assessment of a modified acoustic lens for electromagnetic shock wave lithotripters in a swine model. 
  • Assessment of conservative dietary management as a method for normalization of 24-h urine pH in stone formers. 
  • Benchtop and Initial Clinical Evaluation of the ShockPulse Stone Eliminator in Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy. 
  • Beyond prone position in percutaneous nephrolithotomy: a comprehensive review. 
  • Bilateral renal calculi: assessment of staged v synchronous percutaneous nephrolithotomy. 
  • Bones and stones, edition 2015. 
  • CT with a computer-simulated dose reduction technique for detection of pediatric nephroureterolithiasis: comparison of standard and reduced radiation doses. 
  • Calcium stone disease: an overview. 
  • Cephalad renal movement during percutaneous nephrostolithotomy. 
  • Changing gender prevalence of stone disease. 
  • Chapter 1: AUA guideline on management of staghorn calculi: diagnosis and treatment recommendations. 
  • Clinical and biochemical presentation of gouty diathesis: comparison of uric acid versus pure calcium stone formation. 
  • Clinical efficacy of a combination pneumatic and ultrasonic lithotrite. 
  • Commentary on "Evaluation of ureteral jet dynamics in pediatric kidney stone formers: A cross-sectional study". 
  • Comparative effectiveness of shock wave lithotripsy and ureteroscopy for treating patients with kidney stones. 
  • Comparative efficacy of "specific" potassium citrate therapy versus conservative management in nephrolithiasis of mild to moderate severity. 
  • Comparison of Broad vs Narrow Focal Width Lithotripter Fields. 
  • Comparison of the costs and morbidity of percutaneous and open flank procedures. 
  • Complications of percutaneous nephrostolithotomy. 
  • Complications of surgical management of upper tract calculi in spina bifida patients: analysis of nationwide data. 
  • Complications of ureteroscopy: analysis of predictive factors. 
  • Contemporary Management of Struvite Stones Using Combined Endourologic and Medical Treatment: Predictors of Unfavorable Clinical Outcome. 
  • Contemporary Practice Patterns of Flexible Ureteroscopy for Treating Renal Stones: Results of a Worldwide Survey. 
  • Controlled trial comparing co-trimoxazole and methenamine hippurate in the prevention of recurrent urinary tract infections. 
  • Controversial cases in endourology. Caliceal diverticular calculi. 
  • Correction of hypocitraturia and prevention of stone formation by combined thiazide and potassium citrate therapy in thiazide-unresponsive hypercalciuric nephrolithiasis. 
  • Critical analysis of supracostal access for percutaneous renal surgery. 
  • Current trends in the management of urinary stones. 
  • Decreasing the radiation dose for renal stone CT: a feasibility study of single- and multidetector CT. 
  • Digital Tomosynthesis: A Viable Alternative to Noncontrast Computed Tomography for the Follow-Up of Nephrolithiasis? 
  • Disentangling the Relationships Between the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System, Calcium Physiology, and Risk for Kidney Stones. 
  • Disproportionate Use of Inpatient Care by Older Adults With Kidney Stones. 
  • Does body mass index impact the outcomes of tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy? 
  • Does the nephrostomy tract length impact the outcomes of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL)? 
  • Dusting Efficiency of the Moses Holmium Laser: An Automated In Vitro Assessment. 
  • EDITORIAL COMMENT. 
  • Editorial Comment on: Outpatient Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: The UC San Diego Health Experience by Bechis et al. 
  • Editorial Comment. 
  • Editorial comment. 
  • Editorial comment. 
  • Editorial comment. 
  • Effect of Urate-Elevating Inosine on Early Parkinson Disease Progression: The SURE-PD3 Randomized Clinical Trial. 
  • Effect of pH on the microhardness of renal calculi. 
  • Effect of supine vs prone position on outcomes of percutaneous nephrolithotomy in staghorn calculi: results from the Clinical Research Office of the Endourology Society Study. 
  • Effect of ureteral access sheath on stone-free rates in patients undergoing ureteroscopic management of renal calculi. 
  • Effects of Stone Size on the Comminution Process and Efficiency in Shock Wave Lithotripsy. 
  • Efficacy of second generation lithotriptors: a multicenter comparative study of 2,206 extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy treatments with the Siemens Lithostar, Dornier HM4, Wolf Piezolith 2300, Direx Tripter X-1 and Breakstone lithotriptors. 
  • Emergency department revisits for patients with kidney stones in California. 
  • Endoscopic management of symptomatic caliceal diverticula: a retrospective comparison of percutaneous nephrolithotripsy and ureteroscopy. 
  • Entrapment of renal calculi by Malecot nephrostomy tubes. 
  • Ethnic background has minimal impact on the etiology of nephrolithiasis. 
  • Evaluation and Medical Management of Patients with Cystine Nephrolithiasis: A Consensus Statement. 
  • Evaluation of Novel Ball-Tip Holmium Laser Fiber: Impact on Ureteroscope Performance and Fragmentation Efficiency. 
  • Experimental basis for intraoperative calculus localization by ultrasound. 
  • Experimental laboratory lithotripter: design, construction, and operation. 
  • Experimentally validated multiphysics computational model of focusing and shock wave formation in an electromagnetic lithotripter. 
  • Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for renal stones with renal cysts present. 
  • Factors affecting patient radiation exposure during percutaneous nephrolithotomy. 
  • Factors affecting the success rate of percutaneous nephrolithotripsy and the incidence of retained fragments. 
  • Flexible ureteroscopy in conjunction with in situ lithotripsy for lower pole calculi. 
  • Forced versus minimal intravenous hydration in the management of acute renal colic: a randomized trial. 
  • From Ruling Out to Ruling In: Putting POCUS in Focus. 
  • Helical CT for nephrolithiasis and ureterolithiasis: comparison of conventional and reduced radiation-dose techniques. 
  • High burden and complex renal calculi: aggressive percutaneous nephrolithotomy versus multi-modal approaches. 
  • Immediate unplanned hospital admission after outpatient ureteroscopy for stone disease. 
  • Impact of long-term potassium citrate therapy on urinary profiles and recurrent stone formation. 
  • In Vitro Comparison of a Novel Single Probe Dual-Energy Lithotripter to Current Devices. 
  • In-vitro assessment of a new portable ballistic lithotripter with percutaneous and ureteroscopic models. 
  • Incorporation of patient preferences in the treatment of upper urinary tract calculi: a decision analytical view. 
  • Innovations in bones and stones. 
  • Intronic deletions in the SLC34A3 gene cause hereditary hypophosphatemic rickets with hypercalciuria. 
  • Is there a need for medical evaluation and treatment of nephrolithiasis in the "age of lithotripsy"? 
  • Kidney changes after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy: appearance on MR imaging. 
  • Kidney stones. 
  • Kidney stones: KI at the crossroads of nephrology and urology. 
  • Kidney stones: flexible ureteroscopy. 
  • Laboratory and clinical assessment of pneumatically driven intracorporeal lithotripsy. 
  • Laparoscopic anatrophic nephrolithotomy: developments of the technique in the era of minimally invasive surgery. 
  • Laxative abuse as a cause for ammonium urate renal calculi. 
  • Lithotrites and postoperative fever: does lithotrite type matter? Results from the Clinical Research Office of the Endourological Society Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Global Study. 
  • Long-term combined treatment with thiazide and potassium citrate in nephrolithiasis does not lead to hypokalemia or hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis. 
  • Long-term results of percutaneous nephrolithotomy: does prophylactic medical stone management make a difference? 
  • Long-term treatment of calcium nephrolithiasis with potassium citrate. 
  • Longitudinal study of urinary excretion of phosphate, calcium, and uric acid in mutant NHERF-1 null mice. 
  • Low dose computerized tomography for detection of urolithiasis--its effectiveness in the setting of the urology clinic. 
  • Lower pole I: a prospective randomized trial of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy and percutaneous nephrostolithotomy for lower pole nephrolithiasis-initial results. 
  • Management of calyceal calculi. 
  • Management of lower pole renal calculi: shock wave lithotripsy versus percutaneous nephrolithotomy versus flexible ureteroscopy. 
  • Management of residual stones. 
  • Massive steinstrasse after treatment of a staghorn calculus. 
  • Mechanisms of differing stone fragility in extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy. 
  • Medical expulsive therapy for pediatric urolithiasis: Systematic review and meta-analysis. 
  • Medullary sponge kidney associated with congenital hemihypertrophy. 
  • Metabolic abnormalities associated with calyceal diverticular stones. 
  • Metabolic abnormalities associated with renal calculi in patients with horseshoe kidneys. 
  • Metabolic risk factors and the impact of medical therapy on the management of nephrolithiasis in obese patients. 
  • Micro-percutaneous nephrolithotomy (micro-PNL) vs retrograde intra-renal surgery (RIRS): dealer's choice? The devil is in the details. 
  • Microhardness measurements of renal calculi: regional differences and effects of microstructure. 
  • Modern applications of ureteroscopy for intrarenal stone disease. 
  • Molybdenum cofactor deficiency associated with Dandy-Walker malformation. 
  • Nationwide Readmission Rates Following Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: Does Age Matter? 
  • Nephrolithiasis associated with the ketogenic diet. 
  • Nephrolithiasis from calcium supplementation. 
  • Nephrolithiasis--solutions for emerging problems. 
  • New concepts in shock wave lithotripsy. 
  • New devices for kidney stone management. 
  • Nitinol stone retrieval-assisted ureteroscopic management of lower pole renal calculi. 
  • Nitinol stone retrieval-assisted ureteroscopic management of lower pole renal calculi. 
  • Nonenhanced helical CT and US in the emergency evaluation of patients with renal colic: prospective comparison. 
  • Nurse-Initiated Telephone Follow Up after Ureteroscopic Stone Surgery. 
  • Obesity and metabolic stone disease. 
  • Obstruction of the Biliary and Urinary System. 
  • Optimization of treatment strategy used during shockwave lithotripsy to maximize stone fragmentation efficiency. 
  • Outcomes of Ureteroscopic Stone Treatment in Patients With Spinal Cord Injury. 
  • Outcomes of ureteroscopy. 
  • Outpatient percutaneous nephrostolithotomy. 
  • Oxalobacter formigenes may reduce the risk of calcium oxalate kidney stones. 
  • Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: Update, Trends, and Future Directions. 
  • Percutaneous approach to nephrolithiasis. 
  • Percutaneous lithotripsy in morbid obesity. 
  • Percutaneous management of calculi within horseshoe kidneys. 
  • Percutaneous nephrolithotripsy in the morbidly obese patient. 
  • Percutaneous nephrostolithotomy vs open surgery for renal calculi. A comparative study. 
  • Pharmacologic treatment of calcium calculi. 
  • Prevalence of kidney stones in the United States. 
  • Prevention of recurrent calcium stone formation with potassium citrate therapy in patients with distal renal tubular acidosis. 
  • Progressive increase of lithotripter output produces better in-vivo stone comminution. 
  • Propagation of shock waves in elastic solids caused by cavitation microjet impact. II: Application in extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. 
  • Prospective, randomized trial comparing shock wave lithotripsy and ureteroscopy for lower pole caliceal calculi 1 cm or less. 
  • Quantitative Features of Liver Lesions, Lung Nodules, and Renal Stones at Multi-Detector Row CT Examinations: Dependency on Radiation Dose and Reconstruction Algorithm. 
  • Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Three Different Modalities of Lithotrites for Intracorporeal Lithotripsy in Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy. 
  • Randomized controlled, multicentre clinical trial comparing a dual-probe ultrasonic lithotrite with a single-probe lithotrite for percutaneous nephrolithotomy. 
  • Re: Disproportionate Use of Inpatient Care by Older Adults with Kidney Stones. 
  • Re: Effect of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy on kidney growth in children: A. Fayad, M. G. El-Sheikh, H. El-Fayoumy, R. El-Sergany and A. Abd El Bary J Urol 2012; 188: 928-931. 
  • Recent developments in SWL physics research. 
  • Reduction of tissue injury in shock-wave lithotripsy by using an acoustic diode. 
  • Renal calculi presenting as hyperhidrosis in patient with spinal cord injury. 
  • Renal calculi: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and medical therapy. 
  • Renal colic. Utility of the plain abdominal roentgenogram. 
  • Renal excretion of gadolinium mimicking calculi on non-contrast CT. 
  • Renal involvement in type I glycogen storage disease. 
  • Renal milk of calcium: contraindication to extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy. 
  • Renal stone assessment with dual-energy multidetector CT and advanced postprocessing techniques: improved characterization of renal stone composition--pilot study. 
  • Results and morbidity of percutaneous nephrolithotripsy. 
  • Role of linear tomography in evaluation of patients with nephrolithiasis. 
  • Role of stone analysis in metabolic evaluation and medical treatment of nephrolithiasis. 
  • Routine placement of ureteral stents is unnecessary after ureteroscopy for urinary calculi. 
  • Routine postoperative imaging is important after ureteroscopic stone manipulation. 
  • Safety and efficacy of holmium: YAG laser lithotripsy in patients with bleeding diatheses. 
  • Safety and efficacy of the Alexandrite laser for the treatment of renal and ureteral calculi. 
  • Secondary hyperoxaluria: a risk factor for kidney stone formation and renal failure in native kidneys and renal grafts. 
  • Shock wave lithotripsy vs ureteroscopy: variation in surgical management of kidney stones at freestanding children's hospitals. 
  • Should metabolic evaluation be performed in patients with struvite stones? 
  • Simultaneous Photoacoustic Imaging and Cavitation Mapping in Shockwave Lithotripsy. 
  • Simultaneous combined use of flexible ureteroscopy and percutaneous nephrolithotomy to reduce the number of access tracts in the management of complex renal calculi. 
  • Stone comminution correlates with the average peak pressure incident on a stone during shock wave lithotripsy. 
  • Stones in 2012: epidemiology, prevention and redefining therapeutic standards. 
  • Subcutaneous bupivacaine infiltration and postoperative pain perception after percutaneous nephrolithotomy. 
  • Suppression of large intraluminal bubble expansion in shock wave lithotripsy without compromising stone comminution: Refinement of reflector geometry 
  • Suppression of large intraluminal bubble expansion in shock wave lithotripsy without compromising stone comminution: methodology and in vitro experiments. 
  • Surgical Management of Stones: American Urological Association/Endourological Society Guideline, PART I. 
  • Surgical Management of Stones: American Urological Association/Endourological Society Guideline, PART II. 
  • Surgical management of urolithiasis. 
  • Symptomatic subcapsular and perinephric hematoma following ureteroscopic lithotripsy for renal calculi. 
  • Technique of Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy. 
  • The Diagnosis and Management of Patients with Renal Colic across a Sample of US Hospitals: High CT Utilization Despite Low Rates of Admission and Inpatient Urologic Intervention. 
  • The Role of Cavitation in Energy Delivery and Stone Damage During Laser Lithotripsy. 
  • The University of Michigan experience with percutaneous nephrostolithotomy for urinary matrix calculi. 
  • The clinical research office of the endourological society ureteroscopy global study: indications, complications, and outcomes in 11,885 patients. 
  • The current role of medical treatment of nephrolithiasis: the impact of improved techniques of stone removal. 
  • The effect of dietary sodium and fructose intake on urine and serum parameters of stone formation in a pediatric mouse model: a pilot study. 
  • The effect of frequency doubled double pulse Nd:YAG laser fiber proximity to the target stone on transient cavitation and acoustic emission. 
  • The effect of treatment strategy on stone comminution efficiency in shock wave lithotripsy. 
  • The effect of ultrasonic disintegration on the outcome of percutaneous nephrolithotripsy. 
  • The incidence of nephrolithiasis in patients with spinal neural tube defects. 
  • The metabolic evaluation of patients with recurrent nephrolithiasis: a review of comprehensive and simplified approaches. 
  • The possible physiologic importance of calcium complexes: an opinion. 
  • The practical evaluation and selective medical management of nephrolithiasis. 
  • The role of sodium intake in nephrolithiasis: epidemiology, pathogenesis, and future directions. 
  • The role of stress waves and cavitation in stone comminution in shock wave lithotripsy. 
  • The use of chemical treatments for improved comminution of artificial stones. 
  • Time to development of symptomatic urinary calculi in a high risk environment. 
  • Treatment Response in Patients with Stones, and Low Urinary pH and Hypocitraturia Stratified by Body Mass Index. 
  • Treatment efficacy and outcomes using a third generation shockwave lithotripter. 
  • Treatment philosophy and retreatment rates following piezoelectric lithotripsy. 
  • Tri-modality cavitation mapping in shock wave lithotripsy. 
  • Twenty-five years of shockwave lithotripsy: back to the future? 
  • Update on shock wave lithotripsy technology. 
  • Ureteral access sheath provides protection against elevated renal pressures during routine flexible ureteroscopic stone manipulation. 
  • Ureteral stenting during extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy: help or hindrance? 
  • Ureteroscopic management of lower-pole renal calculi: technique of calculus displacement. 
  • Ureteroscopic management of recurrent renal cystine calculi. 
  • Ureteroscopic management of renal calculi in anomalous kidneys. 
  • Ureteroscopic management of stones in anomalous kidneys. 
  • Ureteroscopic treatment of lower pole calculi: comparison of lithotripsy in situ and after displacement. 
  • Ureteroscopic treatment of renal calculi in morbidly obese patients: a stone-matched comparison. 
  • Ureteroscopy for the treatment of urolithiasis in children. 
  • Urinary calculi in aviation pilots: what is the best therapeutic approach? 
  • Urinary glycosaminoglycans in normal subjects and patients with stones. 
  • Urolithiasis: detection and management with unenhanced spiral CT--a urologic perspective. 
  • Urologic surgery. 
  • Use of Stone Cone minimizes stone migration during percutaneous nephrolithotomy. 
  • Use of the Escape nitinol stone retrieval basket facilitates fragmentation and extraction of ureteral and renal calculi: a pilot study. 
  • Use of ureteroscopy and holmium:YAG laser in patients with bleeding diatheses. 
  • Variations of stress field and stone fracture produced at different lateral locations in a shockwave lithotripter field. 
  • Visual internal urethrotome for incision of dense perirenal scar tissue during percutaneous stone removal. 
  • Weekend admission and treatment of patients with renal colic: a case of avoidable variation? 
  • When (and how) to surgically treat asymptomatic renal stones. 
  • Xanthine urolithiasis. 
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  Keywords of People

  • Curtis, Lesley H., Professor in Population Health Sciences, Medicine, General Internal Medicine
  • Routh, Jonathan Charles, Paul H. Sherman, M.D. Distinguished Associate Professor of Surgery, Pediatrics
  • Zhong, Pei, Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science