Locomotion

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  Subject Areas on Research

  • A CINEMATOGRAPHICAL ANALYSIS OF SPRINT RUNNING. 
  • A Gαs DREADD mouse for selective modulation of cAMP production in striatopallidal neurons. 
  • A Scalable Weight-Free Learning Algorithm for Regulatory Control of Cell Activity in Spiking Neuronal Networks. 
  • A cortical filter that learns to suppress the acoustic consequences of movement. 
  • A low-cost, multiplexed μECoG system for high-density recordings in freely moving rodents. 
  • A new model predicting locomotor cost from limb length via force production. 
  • A partial pelvis of Australopithecus sediba. 
  • A randomized trial of a consultation service to reduce falls in nursing homes. 
  • A short physical performance battery assessing lower extremity function: association with self-reported disability and prediction of mortality and nursing home admission. 
  • A striatal interneuron circuit for continuous target pursuit. 
  • A unified theory for the energy cost of legged locomotion. 
  • Adaptive value of ambling gaits in primates and other mammals. 
  • Adhesive latching and legless leaping in small, worm-like insect larvae. 
  • Adolescent and adult rats respond differently to nicotine and alcohol: motor activity and body temperature. 
  • Age-related differences in the chronic and acute response to cocaine in the rat. 
  • Amelioration of the behavioral phenotype in genetically ataxic mice through bilateral intracerebellar grafting of fetal Purkinje cells. 
  • An objective approach to quantifying pain behavior and gait patterns in low back pain patients. 
  • Anthropoid origins. 
  • Anxiolytic effects of nicotine in zebrafish. 
  • Approach and exploration of a novel alternative by 12-month-old infants. 
  • Aspirin-triggered resolvin D1 prevents surgery-induced cognitive decline. 
  • Australopithecus sediba hand demonstrates mosaic evolution of locomotor and manipulative abilities. 
  • Basicranium and face: Assessing the impact of morphological integration on primate evolution. 
  • Behavioral deficits during early stages of aging in Caenorhabditis elegans result from locomotory deficits possibly linked to muscle frailty. 
  • Biomechanics of overground versus treadmill running. 
  • Bipedal and quadrupedal locomotion in chimpanzees. 
  • Brain-wide mapping of neural activity controlling zebrafish exploratory locomotion. 
  • Brief communication: Forelimb compliance in arboreal and terrestrial opossums. 
  • Characterization of infant mu rhythm immediately before crawling: A high-resolution EEG study. 
  • Chlorpyrifos exposure during a critical neonatal period elicits gender-selective deficits in the development of coordination skills and locomotor activity. 
  • Chronic loss of noradrenergic tone produces β-arrestin2-mediated cocaine hypersensitivity and alters cellular D2 responses in the nucleus accumbens. 
  • Climbing and the daily energy cost of locomotion in wild chimpanzees: implications for hominoid locomotor evolution. 
  • Comment on "Grasping primate origins". 
  • Community mobility among older adults with reduced kidney function: a study of life-space. 
  • Comparative functional morphology of the primate peroneal process. 
  • Comparative spring mechanics in mantis shrimp. 
  • Comparison of spatiotemporal gait characteristics between vertical climbing and horizontal walking in primates. 
  • Compensatory strategies used by older adults facing mobility disability. 
  • D1 and D2 antagonists reverse the effects of appetite suppressants on weight loss, food intake, locomotion, and rebalance spiking inhibition in the rat NAc shell. 
  • D2 Dopamine Receptor G Protein-Biased Partial Agonists Based on Cariprazine. 
  • Denatured muscle as a nerve conduit: a functional, morphologic, and electrophysiologic evaluation. 
  • Development of a simplified spinal cord ischemia model in mice. 
  • Developmental exposure to a complex PAH mixture causes persistent behavioral effects in naive Fundulus heteroclitus (killifish) but not in a population of PAH-adapted killifish. 
  • Developmental exposure to an organophosphate flame retardant alters later behavioral responses to dopamine antagonism in zebrafish larvae. 
  • Developmental exposure to low concentrations of two brominated flame retardants, BDE-47 and BDE-99, causes life-long behavioral alterations in zebrafish. 
  • Dextromethorphan and bupropion reduces high level remifentanil self-administration in rats. 
  • Differences in the nonverbal requests of great apes and human infants. 
  • Discovery of β-Arrestin Biased, Orally Bioavailable, and CNS Penetrant Neurotensin Receptor 1 (NTR1) Allosteric Modulators. 
  • Disentangling the visual cues used by a jumping spider to locate its microhabitat. 
  • Distinct functional roles of primate grasping hands and feet during arboreal quadrupedal locomotion. 
  • Do forelimb shape and peak forces co-vary in strepsirrhines? 
  • Dopamine: from pharmacology to molecular biology and back. 
  • Dynamics of locomotor transitions from arboreal to terrestrial substrates in Verreaux's sifaka (Propithecus verreauxi). 
  • Economy and Endurance in Human Evolution. 
  • Effective limb length and the scaling of locomotor cost in terrestrial animals. 
  • Energetic cost of locomotion in animals. 
  • Enhanced behavioral response to repeated-dose cocaine in adolescent rats. 
  • Epaxial muscle fiber architecture favors enhanced excursion and power in the leaper Galago senegalensis. 
  • Evidence of Levy walk foraging patterns in human hunter-gatherers. 
  • Expression of the apolipoprotein E gene does not affect motor recovery after sensorimotor cortex injury in the mouse. 
  • Familiar social and nonsocial stimuli and the kitten's response to a strange environment. 
  • First navicular remains of a European adapiform (Anchomomys frontanyensis) from the Middle Eocene of the Eastern Pyrenees (Catalonia, Spain): implications for early primate locomotor behavior and navicular evolution. 
  • Force plate for measuring the ground reaction forces in small animal locomotion. 
  • Forelimb and hindlimb forces in walking and galloping primates. 
  • Function of dislocated hips in children with lower level spina bifida. 
  • Function of dislocated hips in children with lower level spina bifida. 
  • Functional and evolutionary aspects of axial stability in euarchontans and other mammals. 
  • Functional associations between support use and forelimb shape in strepsirrhines and their relevance to inferring locomotor behavior in early primates. 
  • Functional mapping of neurons that control locomotory behavior in Caenorhabditis elegans. 
  • Functional morphology of the Neandertal scapular glenoid fossa. 
  • Functional morphology of the hallucal metatarsal with implications for inferring grasping ability in extinct primates. 
  • Grasping primate origins. 
  • Great ranging associated with greater reproductive investment in mammals. 
  • H2O2-Sensitive Isoforms of Drosophila melanogaster TRPA1 Act in Bitter-Sensing Gustatory Neurons to Promote Avoidance of UV During Egg-Laying. 
  • Hand and body position during locomotor behavior in the aye-aye (Daubentonia madagascariensis). 
  • Hands of early primates. 
  • High-frequency steering maneuvers mediated by tactile cues: antennal wall-following in the cockroach. 
  • How accurately can we estimate energetic costs in a marine top predator, the king penguin? 
  • Humeral head shape as an indicator of locomotor behavior in extant strepsirhines and Eocene adapids. 
  • Hyperlocomotion and indifference to cocaine and amphetamine in mice lacking the dopamine transporter. 
  • Impaired NMDA receptor transmission alters striatal synapses and DISC1 protein in an age-dependent manner. 
  • Impaired hippocampal-dependent memory and reduced parvalbumin-positive interneurons in a ketamine mouse model of schizophrenia. 
  • Inhibition of the dopamine D1 receptor signaling by PSD-95. 
  • Insights into the evolution of human bipedalism from experimental studies of humans and other primates. 
  • Joint angular excursions during cyclical behaviors differ between tetrapod feeding and locomotor systems. 
  • Ketamine potentiates oxidative stress and influences behavior and inflammation in response to lipolysaccharide (LPS) exposure in early life. 
  • Kinetics of bipedal locomotion during load carrying in capuchin monkeys. 
  • Knock-in mouse model of alternating hemiplegia of childhood: behavioral and electrophysiologic characterization. 
  • Leg extensor power and functional performance in very old men and women. 
  • Lift and Drag Acting on the Shell of the American Horseshoe Crab (Limulus polyphemus). 
  • Locomotion and body proportions of the Saint-Césaire 1 Châtelperronian Neandertal. 
  • Locomotor energetics in primates: gait mechanics and their relationship to the energetics of vertical and horizontal locomotion. 
  • Locomotor head movements and semicircular canal morphology in primates. 
  • Long-Term Training with a Brain-Machine Interface-Based Gait Protocol Induces Partial Neurological Recovery in Paraplegic Patients. 
  • Long-term behavioral assessment of guinea pigs following neonatal pneumoperitoneum. 
  • Lower extremity physical performance and use of compensatory strategies for mobility. 
  • Lumbar Myeloid Cell Trafficking into Locomotor Networks after Thoracic Spinal Cord Injury. 
  • ML314: A Biased Neurotensin Receptor Ligand for Methamphetamine Abuse. 
  • Measurement of in vivo anterior cruciate ligament strain during dynamic jump landing. 
  • Mediolateral reaction forces and forelimb anatomy in quadrupedal primates: implications for interpreting locomotor behavior in fossil primates. 
  • Melatonin increases both life span and tumor incidence in female CBA mice. 
  • Metacarpal head biomechanics: a comparative backscattered electron image analysis of trabecular bone mineral density in Pan troglodytes, Pongo pygmaeus, and Homo sapiens. 
  • Methylphenidate amplifies the potency and reinforcing effects of amphetamines by increasing dopamine transporter expression. 
  • Microbial colonization is required for normal neurobehavioral development in zebrafish. 
  • Model of recovery of locomotor ability after sensorimotor cortex injury in rats. 
  • Modularity of motor output evoked by intraspinal microstimulation in cats. 
  • Mosaic morphology in the thorax of Australopithecus sediba. 
  • Mutation of MeCP2 alters transcriptional regulation of select immediate-early genes. 
  • Mutually augmenting interactions of dextromethorphan and sazetidine-A for reducing nicotine self-administration in rats. 
  • Neural cell adhesion molecule-secreting transgenic mice display abnormalities in GABAergic interneurons and alterations in behavior. 
  • Neurotransmitters and motor activity: effects on functional recovery after brain injury. 
  • Non-invasive, Brain-controlled Functional Electrical Stimulation for Locomotion Rehabilitation in Individuals with Paraplegia. 
  • Non-verbal cues to osteoarthritic knee and/or hip pain in elders. 
  • Ontogeny of the behavioral response to dopamine agonists after chronic cocaine. 
  • Optimization of 2-phenylcyclopropylmethylamines as selective serotonin 2C receptor agonists and their evaluation as potential antipsychotic agents. 
  • Origins of primate locomotion: gait mechanics of the woolly opossum. 
  • PI3 kinase is involved in cocaine behavioral sensitization and its reversal with brain area specificity. 
  • Paraplegia ambulatory training using Craig-Scott orthoses. 
  • Parvalbumin Interneurons of the Mouse Nucleus Accumbens are Required For Amphetamine-Induced Locomotor Sensitization and Conditioned Place Preference. 
  • Pelvic Breadth and Locomotor Kinematics in Human Evolution. 
  • Pendular motion in the brachiation of captive Lagothrix and Ateles. 
  • Phylogeny, scaling, and the generation of extreme forces in trap-jaw ants. 
  • Postcranial evidence from early Homo from Dmanisi, Georgia. 
  • Preclinical drug trials in the mdx mouse: assessment of reliable and sensitive outcome measures. 
  • Predicting falls: the role of mobility and nonphysical factors. 
  • Prenatal cocaine eliminates the sex-dependent differences in activation observed in adult rats after cocaine challenge. 
  • ProSAAS-derived peptides are regulated by cocaine and are required for sensitization to the locomotor effects of cocaine. 
  • Progesterone is neuroprotective after acute experimental spinal cord trauma in rats. 
  • Rapid reliable measurement of lesion parameters for studies of motor recovery after sensorimotor cortex injury in the rat. 
  • Relating ranging ecology, limb length, and locomotor economy in terrestrial animals. 
  • Relationship between foramen magnum position and locomotion in extant and extinct hominoids. 
  • Relationship between tibial acceleration and proximal anterior tibia shear force across increasing jump distance. 
  • Remote control of neuronal activity in transgenic mice expressing evolved G protein-coupled receptors. 
  • Repeated Failure in Reward Pursuit Alters Innate Drosophila Larval Behaviors. 
  • Restoration of locomotive function in Parkinson's disease by spinal cord stimulation: mechanistic approach. 
  • Rethinking primate origins. 
  • Role of GSK3 beta in behavioral abnormalities induced by serotonin deficiency. 
  • Role of the prehensile tail during ateline locomotion: experimental and osteological evidence. 
  • Seasonal variation in body mass and locomotor kinetics of the fat-tailed dwarf lemur (Cheirogaleus medius). 
  • Seasonal variation in energy expenditure in a rodent inhabiting a winter-rainfall desert. 
  • Sex, steroids, and stimulant sensitivity. 
  • Single-limb force data for two lemur species while vertically clinging. 
  • Spinal cord stimulation restores locomotion in animal models of Parkinson's disease. 
  • Spine pruning drives antipsychotic-sensitive locomotion via circuit control of striatal dopamine. 
  • Statistical structure of locomotion and its modulation by odors. 
  • Strengths and limitations of morphological and behavioral analyses in detecting dopaminergic deficiency in Caenorhabditis elegans. 
  • Targeted deletion of GD3 synthase protects against MPTP-induced neurodegeneration. 
  • Targeted disruption of the Kvlqt1 gene causes deafness and gastric hyperplasia in mice. 
  • Taxis assays measure directional movement of mosquitoes to olfactory cues. 
  • The Laetoli footprints and early hominin locomotor kinematics. 
  • The development and recovery of motor function in spinal cats. I. The infant lesion effect. 
  • The development and recovery of motor function in spinal cats. II. Pharmacological enhancement of recovery. 
  • The effect of direction and reaction on the neuromuscular and biomechanical characteristics of the knee during tasks that simulate the noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injury mechanism. 
  • The effect of phencyclidine on dopamine metabolism in the mouse brain. 
  • The effect of substrate size on the locomotion and gait patterns of the kinkajou (Potos flavus). 
  • The energetic cost of climbing in primates. 
  • The energetic cost of moving about. 
  • The energetics of bird flight. 
  • The evolution of vertical climbing in primates: evidence from reaction forces. 
  • The fat mass and obesity associated gene (Fto) regulates activity of the dopaminergic midbrain circuitry. 
  • The foot and ankle of Australopithecus sediba. 
  • The infant's free entry into a new environment. 
  • The lorisiform wrist joint and the evolution of "brachiating" adaptations in the hominoidea. 
  • The mechanical origins of arm-swinging. 
  • The paleobiology of Amphipithecidae, South Asian late Eocene primates. 
  • The role of GRK6 in animal models of Parkinson's disease and L-DOPA treatment. 
  • The selective serotonin-2A receptor antagonist M100907 reverses behavioral deficits in dopamine transporter knockout mice. 
  • The upper limb of Australopithecus sediba. 
  • The vertebral column of Australopithecus sediba. 
  • The volar skin of primates: its frictional characteristics and their functional significance. 
  • Therapeutic efficacy of microtube-embedded chondroitinase ABC in a canine clinical model of spinal cord injury. 
  • Total hip arthroplasty in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Two to eleven-year results. 
  • Trabecular architecture in the StW 352 fossil hominin calcaneus. 
  • Trabecular bone in the bird knee responds with high sensitivity to changes in load orientation. 
  • Tracking mobility-related assistive technology in an outcomes study. 
  • Training with brain-machine interfaces, visuo-tactile feedback and assisted locomotion improves sensorimotor, visceral, and psychological signs in chronic paraplegic patients. 
  • Understanding hind limb weight support in chimpanzees with implications for the evolution of primate locomotion. 
  • Unique Sensory and Motor Behavior in Thy1-GFP-M Mice before and after Spinal Cord Injury. 
  • Unique Spatial Integration in Mouse Primary Visual Cortex and Higher Visual Areas. 
  • Uniqueness of primate forelimb posture during quadrupedal locomotion. 
  • Whole body mechanics of stealthy walking in cats. 
  • Why do Large Animals Never Actuate Their Jumps with Latch-Mediated Springs? Because They can Jump Higher Without Them. 
  • β-Arrestin2 Couples Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 5 to Neuronal Protein Synthesis and Is a Potential Target to Treat Fragile X. 
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  Keywords of People

  • Faw, Timothy Dale, Medical Instructor in the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedics, Physical Therapy
  • Kay, Richard Frederick, Professor of Evolutionary Anthropology, Earth and Climate Sciences
  • Nicolelis, Miguel Angelo L., Duke School of Medicine Professor in Neuroscience, Neurobiology
  • Pontzer, Herman, Associate Professor of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke Science & Society
  • Tsalik, Ephraim, Associate Professor of Medicine, Molecular Genetics and Microbiology
  • Warner, David Samuel, Distinguished Distinguished Professor of Anesthesiology, in the School of Medicine, Neurobiology