Motivation

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  Subject Areas on Research

  • 'Unwilling' versus 'unable': chimpanzees' understanding of human intentional action. 
  • 5-HT2C Agonists Modulate Schizophrenia-Like Behaviors in Mice. 
  • A Comparison of Motivations for Marijuana Use in HIV-Positive and HIV-Negative Adults. 
  • A Mixed-Methods Investigation of the Motivations, Goals, and Aspirations of Male and Female Academic Medical Faculty. 
  • A Pharmacology-Based Enrichment Program for Undergraduates Promotes Interest in Science. 
  • A Virtual Joy-Stick Study of Emotional Responses and Social Motivation in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. 
  • A brief assessment of learning for orphaned and abandoned children in low and middle income countries. 
  • A clinical practice guideline for treating tobacco use and dependence: 2008 update. A U.S. Public Health Service report. 
  • A cluster randomized controlled trial of an incentive-based outdoor physical activity program. 
  • A combined motivation and parent-child interaction therapy package reduces child welfare recidivism in a randomized dismantling field trial. 
  • A demand-side view of risk adjustment. 
  • A distinct role of the temporal-parietal junction in predicting socially guided decisions. 
  • A functional basis for structure-seeking: exposure to structure promotes willingness to engage in motivated action. 
  • A gift of life: ethical and practical problems with conditional and directed donation. 
  • A motivational intervention can improve retention in PCIT for low-motivation child welfare clients. 
  • A multicenter study to determine motivating factors for residents pursuing obstetrics and gynecology. 
  • A neuroscience perspective on sexual risk behavior in adolescence and emerging adulthood. 
  • A new community-based outdoor intervention to increase physical activity in Singapore children: findings from focus groups. 
  • A qualitative analysis of career transitions made by internal medicine-pediatrics residency training graduates. 
  • A randomized study of financial incentives to increase physical activity among sedentary older adults. 
  • A reexamination of the effects of intent and consequence on children's moral judgments. 
  • A retrospective study of the concept of spirituality as understood by recovering individuals. 
  • A stage analysis of self-initiated smoking reductions. 
  • A trial of two strategies to modify the test-ordering behavior of medical residents. 
  • A tuned-trace theory of interval-timing dynamics. 
  • Acceptance of HIV testing during prenatal care. Perinatal Guidelines Evaluation Project. 
  • Active Mothers Postpartum (AMP): rationale, design, and baseline characteristics. 
  • Ad lib smoking in post-traumatic stress disorder: an electronic diary study. 
  • Addiction and treatment experiences among active methamphetamine users recruited from a township community in Cape Town, South Africa: A mixed-methods study. 
  • Adherence during antiviral treatment regimens for chronic hepatitis C: a qualitative study of patient-reported facilitators and barriers. 
  • Adherence support approaches in biomedical HIV prevention trials: experiences, insights and future directions from four multisite prevention trials. 
  • Adult age differences in frontostriatal representation of prediction error but not reward outcome. 
  • Advance care planning in Medicare: an early look at the impact of new reimbursement on billing and clinical practice. 
  • Adverse baseline physiological and psychosocial profiles of women enrolled in a cardiac rehabilitation clinical trial. 
  • Affective traits link to reliable neural markers of incentive anticipation. 
  • Age and sex differences in prospective effects of health goals and motivations on daily leisure-time physical activity. 
  • Alcohol-Related Blackouts, Negative Alcohol-Related Consequences, and Motivations for Drinking Reported by Newly Matriculating Transgender College Students. 
  • Aligning incentives to fulfil the promise of personalised medicine. 
  • Aligning physician and hospital incentives: editorial comment. 
  • Altered striatal activation predicting real-world positive affect in adolescent major depressive disorder. 
  • Altruism, incentives, and organ donation: attitudes of the transplant community. 
  • Amitifadine, a triple monoamine re-uptake inhibitor, reduces nicotine self-administration in female rats. 
  • An MBA: the utility and effect on physicians' careers. 
  • An assessment of the understanding and motivations of patients with schizophrenia about participating in a clinical trial. 
  • An innovative pay-for-performance (P4P) strategy for improving malaria management in rural Kenya: protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial. 
  • An integrated, multidimensional treatment model for individuals living with HIV, mental illness, and substance abuse. 
  • Animal models of depression in dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine transporter knockout mice: prominent effects of dopamine transporter deletions. 
  • Anticipation of monetary gain but not loss in healthy older adults. 
  • Applying economic incentives to increase effectiveness of an outpatient weight loss program (TRIO) - A randomized controlled trial. 
  • Applying motivational interviewing techniques to palliative care communication. 
  • Are adolescents more vulnerable to drug addiction than adults? Evidence from animal models. 
  • Are effort measures sensitive to cognitive impairment? 
  • Assessment of the impact of adjunctive proactive telephone counseling to promote smoking cessation among lung cancer patients' social networks. 
  • Association between felt ambivalence and the desire to quit waterpipe use among college students. 
  • Association of Intrinsic Motivating Factors and Markers of Physician Well-Being: A National Physician Survey. 
  • Asymmetrical hand use in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) in tactually and visually regulated tasks. 
  • Attitudes toward participation in a pregnancy and child cohort study. 
  • Automatic for the people: how representations of significant others implicitly affect goal pursuit. 
  • Barber-led sexual health education intervention for Black male adolescents and their fathers. 
  • Barriers to Breast and Cervical Cancer Screening in Singapore: a Mixed Methods Analysis. 
  • Barriers to Engagement in a Workplace Weight Management Program: A Qualitative Study. 
  • Barriers to employment for people with schizophrenia. 
  • Barriers to mobility during hospitalization from the perspectives of older patients and their nurses and physicians. 
  • Baseline expression of alpha4beta2* nicotinic acetylcholine receptors predicts motivation to self-administer nicotine. 
  • Beautiful faces have variable reward value: fMRI and behavioral evidence. 
  • Behavioral approach in ADHD: testing a motivational dysfunction hypothesis. 
  • Behavioral economics and diabetic eye exams. 
  • Behavioral similarities and differences among alcohol-preferring and -nonpreferring rats: confirmation by factor analysis and extension to additional groups. 
  • Behaviors and motivations for weight loss in children and adolescents. 
  • Behaviour change strategies for reducing blood pressure-related disease burden: findings from a global implementation research programme. 
  • Beliefs and norms associated with smoking tobacco using a waterpipe among college students. 
  • Bidirectional modulation of substantia nigra activity by motivational state. 
  • Birth planning propaganda, incentives and peer pressure. 
  • Blood alcohol measurements in the emergency department: who needs them? 
  • Blood pressure screenings through community nursing health fairs: motivating individuals to seek health care follow-up. 
  • Blunted striatal response to monetary reward anticipation during smoking abstinence predicts lapse during a contingency-managed quit attempt. 
  • Bonobos Prefer Individuals that Hinder Others over Those that Help. 
  • Bonobos share with strangers. 
  • Bonobos voluntarily hand food to others but not toys or tools. 
  • Can You Have Your Vigorous Exercise and Enjoy It Too? Ramping Intensity Down Increases Postexercise, Remembered, and Forecasted Pleasure. 
  • Can lay-led walking programmes increase physical activity in middle aged adults? A randomised controlled trial. 
  • Cancer registration needs assessment at a tertiary medical centre in Kilimanjaro, Tanzania. 
  • Carrots and sticks: fertility effects of China's population policies. 
  • Caudate responses to reward anticipation associated with delay discounting behavior in healthy youth. 
  • Causal relationships of processes of change and decisional balance: stage-specific models for smoking. 
  • Causal structure and hierarchies of models. 
  • Challenges for strengthening the health workforce in the Lao People's Democratic Republic: perspectives from key stakeholders. 
  • Changes in sexual behavior of HIV-infected older adults enrolled in a clinical trial of standalone group psychotherapies targeting depression. 
  • Characteristics of vegetarian adolescents in a multiethnic urban population. 
  • Characterizing the Hospice and Palliative Care Workforce in the U.S.: Clinician Demographics and Professional Responsibilities. 
  • Children's Intrinsic Motivation to Provide Help Themselves After Accidentally Harming Others. 
  • Chimpanzees and bonobos exhibit emotional responses to decision outcomes. 
  • Chimpanzees return favors at a personal cost. 
  • Choice processing in emotionally difficult decisions. 
  • Chronic mild stress-induced anhedonia: greater effect in a genetic rat model of depression. 
  • Claiming a large slice of a small pie: asymmetric disconfirmation in negotiation. 
  • Climbing and the older athlete. 
  • Clinical faculty: major contributors to the education of new CRNAS--part 2. 
  • Clinical pearls and strategies to optimize patient outcomes. 
  • Closing the quality gap: revisiting the state of the science (vol. 4: medication adherence interventions: comparative effectiveness). 
  • Cognition and motivation as treatment targets in schizophrenia. 
  • Cognitive Neurostimulation: Learning to Volitionally Sustain Ventral Tegmental Area Activation. 
  • Cognitive aging and the distinction between intentional and unintentional mind wandering. 
  • Cognitive and demographic correlates of low-fat vending snack choices among adolescents and adults. 
  • Cognitive functioning, aging, and work: A review and recommendations for research and practice. 
  • College smokers' estimates of their probabilities of remaining a smoker in the near future. 
  • Color blindness and interracial interaction: playing the political correctness game. 
  • Common and distinct neural features of social and non-social reward processing in autism and social anxiety disorder. 
  • Community and treatment engagement for depressed African American youth: the AAKOMA FLOA pilot. 
  • Comparative Effectiveness of Wellness Programs: Impact of Incentives on Healthcare Costs for Obese Enrollees. 
  • Comparison of pretreatment characteristics and treatment outcomes for alcohol-, cocaine-, and multisubstance-dependent patients. 
  • Comparison of price change and health message interventions in promoting healthy food choices. 
  • Compensatory rationalizations and the resolution of everyday undeserved outcomes. 
  • Conceptual consumption. 
  • Conducting physician mail surveys on a limited budget. A randomized trial comparing $2 bill versus $5 bill incentives. 
  • Conscientiousness in life course context: a commentary. 
  • Construct validity of the need to belong scale: mapping the nomological network. 
  • Contemplating genetic feedback regarding lung cancer susceptibility. 
  • Contingency Management Versus Psychotherapy for Prenatal Smoking Cessation: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. 
  • Contractarianism and the "trolley" problem. 
  • Contracting, prompting and reinforcing substance use disorder continuing care. 
  • Contracting, prompting, and reinforcing substance use disorder continuing care: a randomized clinical trial. 
  • Control of ingestion by oral habituation in rat pups. 
  • Coping styles in heart failure patients with depressive symptoms. 
  • Credibility-enhancing displays promote the provision of non-normative public goods. 
  • Cultural competence and perceptions of community health workers' effectiveness for reducing health care disparities. 
  • Cultural selves. 
  • Culture, status and context in community health worker pay: pitfalls and opportunities for policy research. A commentary on Glenton et al. (2010). 
  • Cumulative stress in childhood is associated with blunted reward-related brain activity in adulthood. 
  • Current cigarette smoking among HIV-positive current and former drug users: associations with individual and social characteristics. 
  • DRD2-related TaqIA polymorphism modulates motivation to smoke. 
  • Deciding to institutionalize: why do family members cease caregiving at home? 
  • Decision making in the ageing brain: changes in affective and motivational circuits. 
  • Delay of gratification, psychopathology, and personality: is low self-control specific to externalizing problems? 
  • Depressive symptoms and survival of patients with coronary artery disease. 
  • Design and baseline characteristics of participants in the TRial of Economic Incentives to Promote Physical Activity (TRIPPA): a randomized controlled trial of a six month pedometer program with financial incentives. 
  • Desired Destinations of Homeless Women: Realizing Aspirations Within the Context of Homelessness. 
  • Developing a Serious Videogame for Preteens to Motivate HPV Vaccination Decision Making: Land of Secret Gardens. 
  • Developing a scale to assess health regulatory focus. 
  • Development and implementation cost analysis of telephone- and Internet-based interventions for the maintenance of weight loss. 
  • Development and initial testing of a computer-based patient decision aid to promote colorectal cancer screening for primary care practice. 
  • Development and validation of the State Hope Scale. 
  • Development of experimental mood induction procedures for testing personality-event interaction models of depression. 
  • Differential Motivations for Pursuing Diagnostic Radiology by Gender: Implications for Residency Recruitment. 
  • Dishonesty in scientific research. 
  • Dissociated effects of anticipating smoking versus monetary reward in the caudate as a function of smoking abstinence. 
  • Distinct medial temporal networks encode surprise during motivation by reward versus punishment. 
  • Distinct neural circuits support incentivized inhibition. 
  • Distinguishing Intrapsychic From Interpersonal Motives in Psychological Theory and Research. 
  • Distress and motivation for smoking cessation among lung cancer patients' relatives who smoke. 
  • Do difficult decisions motivate belief in fate? A test in the context of the 2012 U.S. presidential election. 
  • Do incentives matter? Providing benefits to families of organ donors. 
  • Do religious physicians disproportionately care for the underserved? 
  • Do the five A's work when physicians counsel about weight loss? 
  • Does it pay to pay people to share information? Using financial incentives to promote peer referral for mammography among the underinsured. 
  • Does perverse economic incentive lead to the irrational uses of medicines? 
  • Does the quality of safetalk motivational interviewing counseling predict sexual behavior outcomes among people living with HIV? 
  • Does treatment readiness enhance the response of African American substance users to Motivational Enhancement Therapy? 
  • Does writing about suicidal thoughts and feelings reduce them? 
  • Domestic violence and alcohol use: trauma-related symptoms and motives for drinking. 
  • Dopamine and adaptive memory. 
  • Dopamine levels modulate the updating of tastant values. 
  • Dopamine: burning the candle at both ends. 
  • Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex drives mesolimbic dopaminergic regions to initiate motivated behavior. 
  • Early behavioral intervention, brain plasticity, and the prevention of autism spectrum disorder. 
  • Effect of Financial Incentives on Glucose Monitoring Adherence and Glycemic Control Among Adolescents and Young Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: A Randomized Clinical Trial. 
  • Effect of a community-based weight management program on weight loss and cardiovascular disease risk factors. 
  • Effect of anticipated performance on the attributions of causality to self and others. 
  • Effect of failure/success feedback and the moderating influence of personality on reward motivation. 
  • Effect of naloxone on cigarette smoking. 
  • Effect of race on cultural justifications for caregiving. 
  • Effectiveness of activity trackers with and without incentives to increase physical activity (TRIPPA): a randomised controlled trial. 
  • Effects of appearance-based admonitions against sun exposure on tanning intentions in young adults. 
  • Effects of controlled nicotine doses upon punished and non-punished responding in humans. 
  • Effects of counseling techniques on patients' weight-related attitudes and behaviors in a primary care clinic. 
  • Effects of divalproex on smoking cue reactivity and cessation outcomes among smokers achieving initial abstinence. 
  • Effects of financial incentives on motivating physical activity among older adults: results from a discrete choice experiment. 
  • Effects of labeling patients as prehypertensive. 
  • Effects of motivationally significant stimuli on the regulation of dominant responses. 
  • Effects of self-esteem and expected duration of interaction on liking for a highly rewarding partner. 
  • Effects of smoking abstinence on adult smokers with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: results of a preliminary study. 
  • Effects of the nicotinic receptor blocker mecamylamine on radial-arm maze performance in rats. 
  • Effort for payment. A tale of two markets. 
  • Emergence of depression during early abstinence in depressed and non-depressed women smokers. 
  • Empathy goes a long way in weight loss discussions. 
  • Enhanced cue-elicited brain activation in African American compared with Caucasian smokers: an fMRI study. 
  • Enhancing physical function in HIV-infected older adults: A randomized controlled clinical trial. 
  • Enriched encoding: reward motivation organizes cortical networks for hippocampal detection of unexpected events. 
  • Equal division of estates and the exchange motive. 
  • Estimating older adults' preferences for walking programs via conjoint analysis. 
  • Ethics in human subjects research: do incentives matter? 
  • Evaluation of a reduced nicotine product standard: Moderating effects of and impact on cannabis use. 
  • Expectation (and attention) in visual cognition. 
  • Experience, time investment, and motivators of nursing journal peer reviewers. 
  • Exposure to Weight-Stigmatizing Media: Effects on Exercise Intentions, Motivation, and Behavior. 
  • Eye-tracking evidence shows that non-fit messaging impacts attention, attitudes and choice. 
  • Factors Influencing Orthopedic Surgery Residents' Choice of Subspecialty Fellowship. 
  • Factors in the school cafeteria influencing food choices by high school students. 
  • Factors that prompted families to file medical malpractice claims following perinatal injuries 
  • Feature-level analysis of a novel smartphone application for smoking cessation. 
  • Financial incentive strategies for maintenance of weight loss: results from an internet-based randomized controlled trial. 
  • Financial incentives to physicians. 
  • Firearm Injury in the United States: An Overview of an Evolving Public Health Problem. 
  • Following the call: how providers make sense of their decisions to work in faith-based and secular urban community health centers. 
  • Food incentives to improve clinic attendance. 
  • Food-related beliefs, eating behavior, and classroom food practices of middle school teachers. 
  • From batting average to wins above replacement to composite end points-refining clinical research using baseball statistical methods. 
  • From theory to practice: translating research into health outcomes. 
  • Functional significance of striatal responses during episodic decisions: recovery or goal attainment? 
  • Gender differences in resources and negotiation among highly motivated physician-scientists. 
  • Gender differences in the motivational processing of babies are determined by their facial attractiveness. 
  • Gene-environment interactions in cancer epidemiology: a National Cancer Institute Think Tank report. 
  • Goals as reference points. 
  • Grade Incentive to Boost Course Evaluation Response Rates. 
  • Has the Chinese family planning policy been successful in changing fertility preferences? 
  • Health Insurance Incentives to Enhance Patient Engagement. 
  • Health beliefs and desire to improve cholesterol levels among patients with hyperlipidemia. 
  • Heart Center nursing research: a team effort. Heart Center Nursing Research Work Group Members. 
  • Histamine H(1) antagonist treatment with pyrilamine reduces nicotine self-administration in rats. 
  • Hospital readmissions reduction program. 
  • Hostile attributional biases among aggressive boys are exacerbated under conditions of threats to the self. 
  • How do residents prioritize smoking cessation for young "high-risk" women? Factors associated with addressing smoking cessation. 
  • How staff development specialists can promote and facilitate research. 
  • How to make research happen: working with staff. 
  • How winning changes motivation in multiphase competitions. 
  • Hunger selectively modulates corticolimbic activation to food stimuli in humans. 
  • Identifying physicians likely to benefit from depression education: a challenge for health care organizations. 
  • Identity economics and the brain: uncovering the mechanisms of social conflict. 
  • Immediate antecedents of cigarette smoking in smokers with and without posttraumatic stress disorder: a preliminary study. 
  • Impact of San Francisco's toy ordinance on restaurants and children's food purchases, 2011-2012. 
  • Impact of undergoing prostate carcinoma screening on prostate carcinoma-related knowledge and distress. 
  • Implementing Culture Change in Nursing Homes: An Adaptive Leadership Framework. 
  • Implicit Attitudes and Smoking Behavior in a Smoking Cessation Induction Trial. 
  • Improving AIDS Care After Trauma (ImpACT): Pilot Outcomes of a Coping intervention Among HIV-Infected Women with Sexual Trauma in South Africa. 
  • Improving urban African Americans' blood pressure control through multi-level interventions in the Achieving Blood Pressure Control Together (ACT) study: a randomized clinical trial. 
  • In a mailed physician survey, questionnaire length had a threshold effect on response rate. 
  • In search of the silver lining: the justice motive fosters perceptions of benefits in the later lives of tragedy victims. 
  • Incentives for children in research. 
  • Incorporating MI techniques into physician counseling. 
  • Incorporating genetic susceptibility feedback into a smoking cessation program for African-American smokers with low income. 
  • Increasing job satisfaction and motivation while reducing nursing turnover through the implementation of shared governance. 
  • Individual differences in regulatory focus predict neural response to reward. 
  • Individuals motivated to participate in adherence, care and treatment (imPACT): development of a multi-component intervention to help HIV-infected recently incarcerated individuals link and adhere to HIV care. 
  • Inequality, discrimination, and the power of the status quo: Direct evidence for a motivation to see the way things are as the way they should be. 
  • Influence of Dietary Salt Knowledge, Perceptions, and Beliefs on Consumption Choices after Stroke in Uganda. 
  • Influence of genetic risk information on parental role identity in adolescent girls and young women from families with fragile X syndrome. 
  • Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills (IMB) Model: testing direct and mediated treatment effects on condom use among women in low-income housing. 
  • Insurance coverage and incentives for weight loss among adults with metabolic syndrome. 
  • Intent of reporting standards: Reply to Rossiter (2018). 
  • Intentions to maintain adherence to mammography. 
  • Interest in quitting and lifetime quit attempts among smokers living with HIV infection. 
  • Interventions to prevent relapse. 
  • Is all motivation good for learning? Dissociable influences of approach and avoidance motivation in declarative memory. 
  • Is diabetes associated with poorer self-efficacy and motivation for physical activity in older adults with arthritis? 
  • Is pregnancy a teachable moment for smoking cessation among US Latino expectant fathers? A pilot study. 
  • Issues affecting minority participation in research studies of Alzheimer disease. 
  • Item banks for substance use from the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS(®)): Severity of use and positive appeal of use. 
  • Large-Scale Network Coupling with the Fusiform Cortex Facilitates Future Social Motivation. 
  • Late Positive Potential ERP Responses to Social and Nonsocial Stimuli in Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder. 
  • Lesions of dorsolateral striatum preserve outcome expectancy but disrupt habit formation in instrumental learning. 
  • Lessons from Singapore's national weight management program, Lose To Win. 
  • Long-term follow-up of patients with tetralogy of Fallot: physical health and psychopathology. 
  • Long-term follow-up of unsuccessful violent suicide attempts: risk factors for subsequent attempts. 
  • Long-term issues in the treatment of sleep disorders. 
  • Longitudinal association between frequency of substance use and quality of life among adolescents receiving a brief outpatient intervention. 
  • Longitudinal effects of SafeTalk, a motivational interviewing-based program to improve safer sex practices among people living with HIV/AIDS. 
  • Lorcaserin, a 5-HT2C agonist, decreases nicotine self-administration in female rats. 
  • Machine wanting. 
  • Major depressive disorder is characterized by greater reward network activation to monetary than pleasant image rewards. 
  • Management of hypertension and multiple risk factors to enhance cardiovascular health in Singapore: The SingHypertension cluster randomized trial. 
  • Mandated community treatment: beyond outpatient commitment. 
  • Manipulating perceptions of colorectal cancer threat: implications for screening intentions and behaviors. 
  • Maximizing the motivational impact of feedback of lung cancer susceptibility on smokers' desire to quit. 
  • Mechanisms of motivation-cognition interaction: challenges and opportunities. 
  • Medicare part D information seeking: the role of recognition of need and patient activation. 
  • Medication adherence: a challenge for patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis and other chronic illnesses. 
  • Memory for timing visual and auditory signals in albino and pigmented rats. 
  • Methodological approaches and magnitude of the clinical unmet need associated with amotivation in mood disorders. 
  • Microinterventions targeting regulatory focus and regulatory fit selectively reduce dysphoric and anxious mood. 
  • Migration of persons with AIDS--a search for support from elderly parents? 
  • Mind-Wandering With and Without Intention. 
  • Mobile Phone Incentives for Childhood Immunizations in Rural India. 
  • Molecular overexpression of extracellular superoxide dismutase increases the dependency of learning and memory performance on motivational state. 
  • Moments of weakness: the implicit context dependencies of temptations. 
  • Monetary incentives promote smoking abstinence in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). 
  • Motivated behavior and the estrous cycle in rats. 
  • Motivation and Justification: A Dual-Process Model of Culture in Action 
  • Motivation and satisfaction among community health workers administering rapid diagnostic tests for malaria in Western Kenya. 
  • Motivation deficit in ADHD is associated with dysfunction of the dopamine reward pathway. 
  • Motivation to control prejudice predicts categorization of multiracials. 
  • Motivation, intentionality, and mind wandering: Implications for assessments of task-unrelated thought. 
  • Motivational and emotional aspects of the self. 
  • Motivational enhancement therapy for African American substance users: a randomized clinical trial. 
  • Motivational factors in nonincarcerated sexually aggressive men. 
  • Motivational interviewing as a component of a school-based obesity prevention program for adolescent girls. 
  • Motivational state and reward content determine choice behavior under risk in mice. 
  • Motivations for Reducing Other HIV Risk-Reduction Practices if Taking Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis: Findings from a Qualitative Study Among Women in Kenya and South Africa. 
  • Motivations for genetic testing for lung cancer risk among young smokers. 
  • Motivations for running and eating attitudes in obligatory versus nonobligatory runners. 
  • Motives and perceived consequences of nonmedical ADHD medication use by college students: are students treating themselves for attention problems? 
  • Motives and psychodynamics of self-reported, unincarcerated rapists. 
  • Motives for cannabis use in high-risk adolescent users. 
  • Multiparity is associated with high motivation to change diet among overweight and obese postpartum women. 
  • Nasal and facial analysis. 
  • Negative affect subtypes and craving differentially predict long-term cessation success among smokers achieving initial abstinence. 
  • Neurotransmission-related genetic polymorphisms, negative affectivity traits, and gender predict tobacco abstinence symptoms across 44 days with and without nicotine patch. 
  • New findings on nicotine addiction and treatment. 
  • Nicotine interactions with low-dose alcohol: pharmacological influences on smoking and drinking motivation. 
  • Nicotine skin patch treatment increases abstinence, decreases withdrawal symptoms, and attenuates rewarding effects of smoking. 
  • Nonfinancial incentives for quality: a policy statement from the American Heart Association. 
  • Not the End of the Odyssey: Parental Perceptions of Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) in Pediatric Undiagnosed Disorders. 
  • Nudging the obese: a UK-US consideration. 
  • Olfactory and gustatory sensory changes to tobacco smoke in pregnant smokers. 
  • On the Necessity of Distinguishing Between Unintentional and Intentional Mind Wandering. 
  • On the perpetuation of ignorance: system dependence, system justification, and the motivated avoidance of sociopolitical information. 
  • On the relation between attitude to work and attitude to retirement. 
  • On the relation between motivation and retention in educational contexts: The role of intentional and unintentional mind wandering. 
  • Operant conditioning. 
  • Operant conditioning: a new theoretical approach in psychosomatic medicine. 
  • Organ procurement: expenditures and financial incentives. 
  • Organizational characteristics and patient experiences with hospital care: a survey study of hospital chief patient experience officers. 
  • Organizational effects of early gonadal secretions on sexual differentiation in spatial memory. 
  • Outcome by Gender in the Veterans Health Administration Motivating Overweight/Obese Veterans Everywhere Weight Management Program. 
  • Parent discipline practices in an international sample: associations with child behaviors and moderation by perceived normativeness. 
  • Parents' informed consent decisions regarding psychotherapy for their children: consideration of therapeutic risks and benefits. 
  • Past Actions as Self-Signals: How Acting in a Self-Interested Way Influences Environmental Decision Making. 
  • Pastoral care use among post-9/11 veterans who screen positive for mental health problems. 
  • Patient predictors of caregiver burden, optimism, and pessimism in rheumatoid arthritis. 
  • Patient's lung cancer diagnosis as a cue for relatives' smoking cessation: evaluating the constructs of the teachable moment. 
  • Patients seek integrative medicine for preventive approach to optimize health. 
  • Patients' willingness to participate in placebo-controlled trials of antihypertensive therapy. 
  • Pay-for-Performance Incentives: Holy Grail or Sippy Cup? 
  • Pay-for-performance: toxic to quality? Insights from behavioral economics. 
  • Perceived Barriers to Healthy Eating and Physical Activity Among Participants in a Workplace Obesity Intervention. 
  • Perceived barriers to and ideas for weight control interventions in Malay homemakers: results from focus groups. 
  • Perceived barriers to and incentives for participation in a weight-loss program among low-income women in WIC. 
  • Perceptions and motivations of career selection in anesthesiology: do medical students want what our specialty needs? 
  • Perceptions of adolescents involved in promoting lower-fat foods in schools: associations with level of involvement. 
  • Perceptions of smoking-related risk and worry among dual-smoker couples. 
  • Performance incentives and means: how regulatory focus influences goal attainment. 
  • Persistent high alcohol consumption in alcohol-preferring (P) rats results from a lack of normal aversion to alcohol. 
  • Personal vulnerability, life events, and depressive symptoms: a test of a specific interactional model. 
  • Personality and persona: personality processes in self-presentation. 
  • Personality characteristics of women seeking breast augmentation. Comparison to small-busted and average-busted controls. 
  • Personality strengths in romantic relationships: Measuring perceptions of benefits and costs and their impact on personal and relational well-being. 
  • Physical activity of Korean immigrant women in the U.S.: needs and attitudes. 
  • Physically active, low-income African American women: an exploration of activity maintenance in the context of sociodemographic factors associated with inactivity. 
  • Physician communication techniques and weight loss in adults: Project CHAT. 
  • Physician empathy and listening: associations with patient satisfaction and autonomy. 
  • Physician participation in research surveys. A randomized study of inducements to return mailed research questionnaires. 
  • Predictors of hopelessness among clinically depressed youth. 
  • Predictors of weight loss communication in primary care encounters. 
  • Prefrontal cortex and cognitive control: motivating functional hierarchies. 
  • Prevalence and correlates of heavy smoking in Vietnam veterans with chronic posttraumatic stress disorder. 
  • Primary care physicians' discussions of weight-related topics with overweight and obese adolescents: results from the Teen CHAT Pilot study. 
  • Principal/agent theory and decision making in health care. 
  • Pro-environmental behavior: rational choice meets moral motivation. 
  • Process of behavioral change as it relates to intentional physical activity. 
  • Promoting physical activity in childhood cancer survivors: results from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study. 
  • Provider encouragement of breast-feeding: evidence from a national survey. 
  • Providers as weight coaches: using practice guides and motivational interview to treat obesity in the pediatric office. 
  • Proximal versus distal cues to smoke: the effects of environments on smokers' cue-reactivity. 
  • Psychosocial and behavioral correlates of dieting among overweight and non-overweight adolescents. 
  • Psychosocial mediation of fruit and vegetable consumption in the body and soul effectiveness trial. 
  • Public attitudes toward incentives for organ donation: a national study of different racial/ethnic and income groups. 
  • Quantifying the recruitment challenges with couple-based interventions for cancer: applications to early-stage breast cancer. 
  • Quantitative assessment of autism symptom-related traits in probands and parents: Broader Phenotype Autism Symptom Scale. 
  • RECISTing the Temptation to Prematurely Stop Nivolumab. 
  • Racial/ethnic differences in midlife women's attitudes toward physical activity. 
  • Randomized controlled trial of motivational enhancement therapy with nontreatment-seeking adolescent cannabis users: a further test of the teen marijuana check-up. 
  • Randomized trial of 5 dollars versus 10 dollars monetary incentives, envelope size, and candy to increase physician response rates to mailed questionnaires. 
  • Rapid electrophysiological brain responses are influenced by both valence and magnitude of monetary rewards. 
  • Reactions to discrimination, stigmatization, ostracism, and other forms of interpersonal rejection: a multimotive model. 
  • Reactions to framing of cessation messages: insights from dual-smoker couples. 
  • Reasons probably won't change your mind: The role of reasons in revising moral decisions. 
  • Recruiting young adults into a weight loss trial: report of protocol development and recruitment results. 
  • Recruitment and retention of minority participants in the DASH controlled feeding trial. DASH Collaborative Research Group. Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension. 
  • Recruitment of oncology nurses for Internet research: issues and future directions. 
  • Recruitment of research participants through the Internet. 
  • Reducing barriers to participation in weight-loss programs in low-income women. 
  • Reinforcer devaluation abolishes conditioned cue preference: evidence for stimulus-stimulus associations. 
  • Rejection of unfair offers can be driven by negative emotions, evidence from modified ultimatum games with anonymity. 
  • Relations between self-generated positive and negative expected smoking outcomes and smoking behavior: an exploratory study among adolescents. 
  • Relationships among spousal communication, self-efficacy, and motivation among expectant Latino fathers who smoke. 
  • Religious belief as compensatory control. 
  • Remitted major depression is characterized by reduced prefrontal cortex reactivity to reward loss. 
  • Remitted major depression is characterized by reward network hyperactivation during reward anticipation and hypoactivation during reward outcomes. 
  • Research With Children Exposed to Partner Violence: Perspectives of Service-Mandated, CPS- and Court-Involved Survivors on Research With Their Children. 
  • Research versus quality improvement: distinct or a distinction without a difference? A case study comparison of two studies. 
  • Response rates to a mailed survey targeting childhood cancer survivors: a comparison of conditional versus unconditional incentives. 
  • Resting on laurels: the effects of discrete progress markers as subgoals on task performance and preferences. 
  • Reward circuitry function in autism during face anticipation and outcomes. 
  • Reward circuitry function in autism spectrum disorders. 
  • Reward-motivated learning: mesolimbic activation precedes memory formation. 
  • Risk perception measures' associations with behavior intentions, affect, and cognition following colon cancer screening messages. 
  • Risperidone decreases craving and relapses in individuals with schizophrenia and cocaine dependence. 
  • SafeTalk, a multicomponent, motivational interviewing-based, safer sex counseling program for people living with HIV/AIDS: a qualitative assessment of patients' views. 
  • Safety, incentives, and the reporting of work-related injuries among union carpenters: "you're pretty much screwed if you get hurt at work". 
  • Salaries, recruitment, and retention for CRNA faculty--Part 1. 
  • Sazetidine-A, a selective alpha4beta2 nicotinic receptor desensitizing agent and partial agonist, reduces nicotine self-administration in rats. 
  • Schema therapy, motivational interviewing, and collaborative-mapping as treatment for depression among low income, second generation Latinas. 
  • Scientific misconduct from the perspective of research coordinators: a national survey. 
  • Seeking structure in social organization: compensatory control and the psychological advantages of hierarchy. 
  • Selective inhibition of alcohol intake in diverse alcohol-preferring rat strains by the 5-HT2A antagonists amperozide and FG 5974. 
  • Selectively reduced responses to smoking cues in amygdala following extinction-based smoking cessation: results of a preliminary functional magnetic resonance imaging study. 
  • Selectivity in Postencoding Connectivity with High-Level Visual Cortex Is Associated with Reward-Motivated Memory. 
  • Self-compassionate reactions to health threats. 
  • Self-guides, autobiographical memory, and anxiety and dysphoria: toward a cognitive model of vulnerability to emotional distress. 
  • Self-monitoring without awareness: using mimicry as a nonconscious affiliation strategy. 
  • Self-presentation in everyday interactions: effects of target familiarity and gender composition. 
  • Self-regulation, rumination, and vulnerability to depression in adolescent girls. 
  • Self-report benefits of Tai Chi practice by older adults. 
  • Sex-specific effects of cigarette mentholation on brain nicotine accumulation and smoking behavior. 
  • Sexual orientation differences in HIV testing motivation among college men. 
  • Signing at the beginning makes ethics salient and decreases dishonest self-reports in comparison to signing at the end. 
  • Smoking automaticity and tolerance moderate brain activation during explore-exploit behavior. 
  • Smoking in Vietnam combat veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder. 
  • Smoking motivation in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder using the Wisconsin inventory of smoking dependence motives. 
  • Smoking-induced affect modulation in nonwithdrawn smokers with posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, and in those with no psychiatric disorder. 
  • Social disadvantage and the self-regulatory function of justice beliefs. 
  • Social influences on the amount of food eaten by Norway rats. 
  • Social information-processing mechanisms in reactive and proactive aggression. 
  • Social motivation affecting individuals' actions in Japan during World War II: historical review. 
  • Social versus individual motivation: implications for normative definitions of religious orientation. 
  • Solution aversion: On the relation between ideology and motivated disbelief. 
  • Spatial working and reference memory in rats bred for autonomic sensitivity to cholinergic stimulation: acquisition, accuracy, speed, and effects of cholinergic drugs. 
  • Spontaneous triadic engagement in bonobos (Pan paniscus) and chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). 
  • Start Talking About Risks: development of a Motivational Interviewing-based safer sex program for people living with HIV. 
  • Start me up: ways to encourage sharing of genomic information with research participants. 
  • State scholarship, loan forgiveness, and related programs: the unheralded safety net. 
  • Stated Uptake of Physical Activity Rewards Programmes Among Active and Insufficiently Active Full-Time Employees. 
  • Stimulant prescription cautions: addressing misuse, diversion and malingering. 
  • Strategies for using assigned reading in nursing courses. 
  • Stresses and challenges for new graduates in hospitals. 
  • Study of the media's potential influence on prospective research participants' understanding of and motivations for participation in a high-profile phase I trial. 
  • Study on Incentives for Glaucoma Medication Adherence (SIGMA): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial to increase glaucoma medication adherence using value pricing. 
  • Study protocol for Log2Lose: A feasibility randomized controlled trial to evaluate financial incentives for dietary self-monitoring and interim weight loss in adults with obesity. 
  • Subjective value representations during effort, probability and time discounting across adulthood. 
  • Support and rewards for scholarly activity in family medicine: a national survey. 
  • Survivor profiles predict health behavior intent: the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study. 
  • Survivor typologies predict medical surveillance participation: the childhood cancer survivor study. 
  • Symptoms of depression among community-dwelling elderly African-American and white older adults. 
  • System justification and the defense of committed relationship ideology. 
  • Tales from the trenches: physician assistants' perspectives about precepting students. 
  • Teaching Physicians Motivational Interviewing for Discussing Weight With Overweight Adolescents. 
  • Teen CHAT: Development and utilization of a web-based intervention to improve physician communication with adolescents about healthy weight. 
  • Temporal control on interval schedules: what determines the postreinforcement pause? 
  • Testing a social-cognitive model of HIV transmission risk behaviors in HIV-infected MSM with and without depression. 
  • Texting Motivational Interviewing: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Motivational Interviewing Text Messages Designed to Augment Childhood Obesity Treatment. 
  • The "Hassle Factor": what motivates physicians to manipulate reimbursement rules? 
  • The Commercial Market For Priority Review Vouchers. 
  • The Early Emergence of Guilt-Motivated Prosocial Behavior. 
  • The Effects of Choice on Intrinsic Motivation and Related Outcomes: A Meta-Analysis of Research Findings 
  • The Evolving Payment Reform Landscape: New Opportunities for Gastroenterology Leadership. 
  • The Extravert Advantage: How and When Extraverts Build Rapport With Other People. 
  • The Latino Health Project: pilot testing a culturally adapted behavioral weight loss intervention in obese and overweight Latino adults. 
  • The Manhattan effect: when relationship commitment fails to promote support for partners' interests. 
  • The Valjean effect: Visceral states and cheating. 
  • The academic lives of neglected, rejected, popular, and controversial children 
  • The antecedents and consequences of human behavioral mimicry. 
  • The applicability of inescapable shock as a source of animal depression. 
  • The awakening of the attention: Evidence for a link between the monitoring of mind wandering and prospective goals. 
  • The behavioral economics of choice and interval timing. 
  • The cost of self-protection: threat response and performance as a function of autonomous and controlled motivations. 
  • The course of psychological distress following threatened and actual conjugal bereavement. 
  • The design and conduct of Keep It Off: An online randomized trial of financial incentives for weight-loss maintenance. 
  • The early presence of food-oriented appetitive behavior in developing rats. 
  • The economics of alcohol abuse and alcohol-control policies. 
  • The economics of obesity. 
  • The effect of pre- or postnatal lead exposure on Hamilton Search Task in monkeys. 
  • The effects of a tailored cardiac rehabilitation program on depressive symptoms in women: A randomized clinical trial. 
  • The effects of averaging subjective probability estimates between and within judges. 
  • The effects of cigarette smoking on script-driven imagery in smokers with and without posttraumatic stress disorder. 
  • The effects of providing lung age and respiratory symptoms feedback on community college smokers' perceived smoking-related health risks, worries and desire to quit. 
  • The egoism and altruism of intergenerational behavior. 
  • The ethical and social implications of exploring African American genealogies. 
  • The food industry and self-regulation: standards to promote success and to avoid public health failures. 
  • The fulfillment of others' needs elevates children's body posture. 
  • The goal of ape pointing. 
  • The impact of perceived racism: psychological symptoms among African American boys. 
  • The impact of physician weight discussion on weight loss in US adults. 
  • The impact of weight stigma on caloric consumption. 
  • The impact of work rewards on radiographers' organizational commitment. 
  • The inhibited power motive, type A behavior, and patterns of cardiovascular response during the structured interview and Thematic Apperception Test. 
  • The meanings associated with medicines in heart failure patients. 
  • The misuse and diversion of prescribed ADHD medications by college students. 
  • The motivational looking glass: how significant others implicitly affect goal appraisals. 
  • The need to belong: desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation. 
  • The psychological advantage of unfalsifiability: the appeal of untestable religious and political ideologies. 
  • The relationship between depression level and smoking motives in college smokers. 
  • The relationship between self-monitoring, outcome expectancies, difficulties with eating and exercise, and physical activity and weight loss treatment outcomes. 
  • The relationships between dimensions of hostility and cardiovascular reactivity as a function of task characteristics. 
  • The role of cognitive costs, attitudes about aging, and intrinsic motivation in predicting engagement in everyday activities. 
  • The role of parental involvement in youth sport participation and performance. 
  • The role of readiness to change in response to treatment of adolescent depression. 
  • The specificity of reciprocity: Young children reciprocate more generously to those who intentionally benefit them. 
  • The use of Internet cancer support groups by ethnic minorities. 
  • The use of flavor in cigarette substitutes. 
  • The use of mind-body medicine and prayer among adult patients with chronic hepatitis C. 
  • Theoretical integration in motivational science: System justification as one of many "autonomous motivational structures". 
  • Therapeutic misconception in early phase gene transfer trials. 
  • Thought-control difficulty motivates structure seeking. 
  • Threat of punishment motivates memory encoding via amygdala, not midbrain, interactions with the medial temporal lobe. 
  • Three Principles to REVISE People's Unethical Behavior. 
  • Thyrotropin releasing hormone analog TA-0910 suppresses alcohol intake in alcohol drinking African green monkeys. 
  • Thyrotropin-releasing hormone analog TA-0910 reduces voluntary alcohol intake of P rats subchronically in a limited scheduled access paradigm. 
  • To die, to sleep: US physicians' religious and other objections to physician-assisted suicide, terminal sedation, and withdrawal of life support. 
  • To err on humans is not benign. Incentives for adoption of medical error-reporting systems. 
  • Touching beliefs: Using touchscreen technology to elicit subjective expectations in survey research. 
  • Translational science in action: hostile attributional style and the development of aggressive behavior problems. 
  • Trauma exposure and cigarette smoking: the impact of negative affect and affect-regulatory smoking motives. 
  • Trial to Incentivise Adherence for Diabetes (TRIAD): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. 
  • Trust in managed care organizations. 
  • Ultrasonic vocalization behavior differs between lines of ethanol-preferring and nonpreferring rats. 
  • Understanding and preventing relapse. 
  • Understanding health behavior change among couples: an interdependence and communal coping approach. 
  • Understanding the potential of teachable moments: the case of smoking cessation. 
  • Unmet expectations of medications and care providers among patients with heart failure assessed to be poorly adherent: results from the Chronic Heart Failure Intervention to Improve MEdication Adherence (CHIME) study. 
  • Use of a non-monetary incentive to improve physician responses to a mail survey. 
  • Use of and attitudes toward tobacco and alcohol among adults in southern Sri Lanka. 
  • Using Motivational Interviewing to Impact Readiness of RNs to Return to the Classroom. 
  • Using pay for performance incentives (P4P) to improve management of suspected malaria fevers in rural Kenya: a cluster randomized controlled trial. 
  • Using technology to promote postpartum weight loss in urban, low-income mothers: a pilot randomized controlled trial. 
  • Wanting, liking, and preference construction. 
  • We are the future: revisioning the faculty culture. 
  • What influences medical students' choice of surgical careers. 
  • What is a free customer worth? Armchair calculations of nonpaying customers' value can lead to flawed strategies. 
  • What mothers say about why poor children fall behind on immunizations. A summary of focus groups in North Carolina. 
  • What motivates residents to teach? The Attitudes in Clinical Teaching study. 
  • What psychology and cognitive neuroscience know about the communicative function of memory. 
  • What to consider when choosing a graduate nursing program. 
  • What's in it for me? Self-regard precludes altruism and spite in chimpanzees. 
  • When opportunity knocks: bottom-up priming of goals by means and its effects on self-regulation. 
  • Who will enroll? Predicting participation in a phase II AIDS vaccine trial. 
  • Whole body donation for medical science: a population-based study. 
  • Why eat at fast-food restaurants: reported reasons among frequent consumers. 
  • Why pay for performance may be incompatible with quality improvement. 
  • Why some groups just feel better: the regulatory fit of group power. 
  • Willingness to provide support for a quit attempt: A study of partners of smokers. 
  • Women recovering from social rejection: The effect of the person and the situation on a hormonal mechanism of affiliation. 
  • Women who are motivated to eat and discount the future are more obese. 
  • Workplace wellness recognition for optimizing workplace health: a presidential advisory from the American Heart Association. 
  • fMRI of alterations in reward selection, anticipation, and feedback in major depressive disorder. 
• 

  Keywords of People

  • Chung, Richard Joonoh, Associate Professor of Pediatrics, Medicine, General Internal Medicine
  • Dickerson, Kathryn C, Assistant Professor in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Dodge, Kenneth A., Pritzker Professor of Early Learning Policy Studies, Duke Science & Society
  • Grambow, Steven C., Assistant Professor of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Biostatistics & Bioinformatics
  • Huettel, Scott, Professor in the Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke Science & Society
  • Jackson, Taylor, Student, Psychology and Neuroscience
  • Kranton, Rachel, James B. Duke Professor of Economics, Trinity College of Arts & Sciences
  • Larrick, Richard P., Hanes Corporation Foundation Professor of Business Administration, Duke University Energy Initiative
  • Mitchell, John T, Assistant Professor in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Addiction
  • Nieuwsma, Jason A, Associate Professor in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Social and Community Psychiatry
  • O'Connor, Christopher Michael, Richard Sean Stack, M.D. / Guidant Foundation Professor of Cardiology, Medicine, Clinical Pharmacology
  • Olson, Steven Arthur, Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedics
  • Samanez-Larkin, Gregory Russell, Assistant Professor of Psychology and Neuroscience, Center for Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Svetkey, Laura Pat, Professor of Medicine, Medicine
  • Yancy Jr., William Samuel, Associate Professor of Medicine, Medicine, General Internal Medicine
  • Zafar, Syed Yousuf, Associate Professor of Medicine, Medicine, Medical Oncology