Orientation

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  Subject Areas on Research

  • A diffusion model analysis of adult age differences in episodic and semantic long-term memory retrieval. 
  • A feasibility study of a new method for electrically producing seizures in man: focal electrically administered seizure therapy [FEAST]. 
  • A geriatric orientation. 
  • A morphological basis for orientation tuning in primary visual cortex. 
  • A pen-and-paper human analogue of a monkey prefrontal cortex activation task: spatial working memory in patients with schizophrenia. 
  • A role for top-down attentional orienting during interference between global and local aspects of hierarchical stimuli. 
  • A self-agency bias in preschoolers\textquotesingle causal inferences. 
  • Age-related differences in the processing of redundant visual dimensions. 
  • Aging and attentional guidance during visual search: functional neuroanatomy by positron emission tomography. 
  • Animal navigation: a noisy magnetic sense? 
  • Asymmetrical hand use in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) in tactually and visually regulated tasks. 
  • Attention bias toward threat in pediatric anxiety disorders. 
  • Attentional cueing by cross-modal congruency produces both facilitation and inhibition on short-term visual recognition. 
  • Attentional processes and meditation. 
  • Binding personal and peripersonal space: evidence from tactile extinction. 
  • Body orientation and face orientation: two factors controlling apes' behavior from humans. 
  • Central acoustic tract in an echolocating bat: an extralemniscal auditory pathway to the thalamus. 
  • Characterization of the cognitive effects of combined muscarinic and nicotinic blockade. 
  • Children with autism fail to orient to naturally occurring social stimuli. 
  • Cholinergic-dopaminergic interactions in cognitive performance. 
  • Chronic nicotine and withdrawal effects on radial-arm maze performance in rats. 
  • Classifying intergral stimuli. 
  • Colorful success: preschoolers' use of perceptual color cues to solve a spatial reasoning problem. 
  • Comparison of seizure duration, ictal EEG, and cognitive effects of ketamine and methohexital anesthesia with ECT. 
  • Comprehension of novel communicative signs by apes and human children. 
  • Conditional probability versus spatial contiguity in causal learning: Preschoolers use new contingency evidence to overcome prior spatial assumptions. 
  • Conditioned changes in appetitive and consummatory responses to flavors paired with oral or nutrient reinforcement among adult rats. 
  • Consistent mapping of orientation preference across irregular functional domains in ferret visual cortex. 
  • Contrast amplification in global texture orientation discrimination. 
  • Control networks and hemispheric asymmetries in parietal cortex during attentional orienting in different spatial reference frames. 
  • Cue-invariant networks for figure and background processing in human visual cortex. 
  • Cuttlefish Sepia officinalis Preferentially Respond to Bottom Rather than Side Stimuli When Not Allowed Adjacent to Tank Walls. 
  • Deoxyglucose mapping of the orientation column system in the striate cortex of the tree shrew, Tupaia glis. 
  • Developmental change in unilateral olfactory habituation is mediated by anterior commissure maturation. 
  • Differential effects of ethanol on memory in adolescent and adult rats. 
  • Differential effects of high-dose magnetic seizure therapy and electroconvulsive shock on cognitive function. 
  • Directional organization of eye movement and visual signals in the floccular lobe of the monkey cerebellum. 
  • Discriminating imagined from perceived information engages brain areas implicated in schizophrenia. 
  • Disengagement of visual attention in infancy is associated with emerging autism in toddlerhood. 
  • Distinguishing intentional from accidental actions in orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus), chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), and human children (Homo sapiens). 
  • Early social attention impairments in autism: social orienting, joint attention, and attention to distress. 
  • Echo intensity compensation by echolocating bats. 
  • Effects of combined muscarinic and nicotinic blockade on choice accuracy in the radial-arm maze. 
  • Effects of neurochemicals upon a dinoflagellate photoresponse. 
  • Effects of the nicotinic receptor blocker mecamylamine on radial-arm maze performance in rats. 
  • Electrophysiological measures of time processing in infant and adult brains: Weber's Law holds. 
  • Equivalence of two screens of cognitive functioning: the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire and the Orientation-Memory-Concentration test. 
  • Estimating the validity of the clinical Dementia Rating Scale: the CERAD experience. Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease. 
  • Evidence for an Evolutionarily Conserved Memory Coding Scheme in the Mammalian Hippocampus. 
  • Externality as a function of obesity in children: pervasive style or eating-specific attribute? 
  • Extraocular sensitivity to polarized light in an echinoderm. 
  • Eye Tracking Reveals Impaired Attentional Disengagement Associated with Sensory Response Patterns in Children with Autism. 
  • Feature expectation heightens visual sensitivity during fine orientation discrimination. 
  • Field evidence for polarized light sensitivity in the fish Zenarchopterus. 
  • Focal brain dysfunction in a 41-year old man with familial alternating hemiplegia. 
  • Frontal eye field neurons assess visual stability across saccades. 
  • Functional Clusters of Neurons in Layer 6 of Macaque V1. 
  • Functional organization of visual cortex in the prosimian bush baby revealed by optical imaging of intrinsic signals. 
  • Garner interference reveals dependencies between emotional expression and gaze in face perception. 
  • Genetic animal models of depression and ethanol preference provide support for cholinergic and serotonergic involvement in depression and alcoholism. 
  • Geotaxis by motile spermatozoa: Hydrodynamic reorientation. 
  • Global Motion Processing by Populations of Direction-Selective Retinal Ganglion Cells. 
  • Human noise blindness drives suboptimal cognitive inference. 
  • Illusory motion reversal in tune with motion detectors. 
  • Interactions between attention and perceptual grouping in human visual cortex. 
  • Latent inhibition in the conditioned electrodermal response. 
  • Light-dependent magnetoreception: quantum catches and opponency mechanisms of possible photosensitive molecules. 
  • Linking automatic evaluation to mood and information processing style: consequences for experienced affect, impression formation, and stereotyping. 
  • Long-term effects of developmental halothane exposure on radial arm maze performance in rats. 
  • Looking past the model species: diversity in gaze-following skills across primates. 
  • Modality representation in the lumbar and cervical fasciculus gracilis of squirrel monkeys. 
  • Mouse primary visual cortex is used to detect both orientation and contrast changes. 
  • Multisensory guidance of orienting behavior. 
  • Natural-scene geometry predicts the perception of angles and line orientation. 
  • Neural basis for motor learning in the vestibuloocular reflex of primates. I. Changes in the responses of brain stem neurons. 
  • Neural basis for motor learning in the vestibuloocular reflex of primates. II. Changes in the responses of horizontal gaze velocity Purkinje cells in the cerebellar flocculus and ventral paraflocculus. 
  • Neural basis for motor learning in the vestibuloocular reflex of primates. III. Computational and behavioral analysis of the sites of learning. 
  • Neural correlates of single-vessel haemodynamic responses in vivo. 
  • Neural processes underlying the orienting of attention without awareness. 
  • Neuropsychological aspects of disorientation. 
  • Neuropsychological indicators of preclinical Alzheimer's disease among depressed older adults. 
  • Night-time neuronal activation of Cluster N in a day- and night-migrating songbird. 
  • Noise correlations in cortical area MT and their potential impact on trial-by-trial variation in the direction and speed of smooth-pursuit eye movements. 
  • Organizational changes in cholinergic activity and enhanced visuospatial memory as a function of choline administered prenatally or postnatally or both. 
  • Organizational effects of early gonadal secretions on sexual differentiation in spatial memory. 
  • Orientation Selectivity from Very Sparse LGN Inputs in a Comprehensive Model of Macaque V1 Cortex. 
  • Orientation to Objects in the Sea Urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus depends on apparent and not actual object size. 
  • Orthogonal micro-organization of orientation and spatial frequency in primate primary visual cortex. 
  • Overlapping parietal activity in memory and perception: evidence for the attention to memory model. 
  • Overriding age differences in attentional capture with top-down processing. 
  • Paradoxical reactions in children associated with midazolam use during endoscopy. 
  • Pathway from the zona incerta to the superior colliculus in the rat. 
  • Perceptual learning as improved probabilistic inference in early sensory areas. 
  • Perspective-taking ability and its relationship to the social behavior of autistic children. 
  • Physical Salience and Value-Driven Salience Operate through Different Neural Mechanisms to Enhance Attentional Selection. 
  • Pre- and postnatal choline supplementation produces long-term facilitation of spatial memory. 
  • Psychopharmacological effects in the radial-arm maze. 
  • Pulse magnetization elicits differential gene expression in the central nervous system of the Caribbean spiny lobster, Panulirus argus. 
  • Quick recovery of orientation after magnetic seizure therapy for major depressive disorder. 
  • Recovery of function after brain damage: facilitation by the calcium entry blocker nimodipine. 
  • Reinforcer devaluation abolishes conditioned cue preference: evidence for stimulus-stimulus associations. 
  • Relationship between adapted neural population responses in MT and motion adaptation in speed and direction of smooth-pursuit eye movements. 
  • Relationship between eye acceleration and retinal image velocity during foveal smooth pursuit in man and monkey. 
  • Reliability of the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure in use with memory-impaired patients. 
  • Representation of perceptually invisible image motion in extrastriate visual area MT of macaque monkeys. 
  • Responses during eye movements of brain stem neurons that receive monosynaptic inhibition from the flocculus and ventral paraflocculus in monkeys. 
  • Responses of neurons in the medial superior temporal visual area to apparent motion stimuli in macaque monkeys. 
  • Responses to conspecific chemical stimuli in the treatment snail Achatina fulica (Pulmonata: Sigmurethra). 
  • Resting on laurels: the effects of discrete progress markers as subgoals on task performance and preferences. 
  • Retention of VOR gain following short-term VOR adaptation. 
  • Reward action in the initiation of smooth pursuit eye movements. 
  • Role of plasticity at different sites across the time course of cerebellar motor learning. 
  • Saccades to somatosensory targets. II. motor convergence in primate superior colliculus. 
  • Saccades to somatosensory targets. III. eye-position-dependent somatosensory activity in primate superior colliculus. 
  • Scopolamine interactions with D1 and D2 antagonists on radial-arm maze performance in rats. 
  • Selective attention and visual search: revision of an allocation model and application to age differences. 
  • Serial linkage of target selection for orienting and tracking eye movements. 
  • Simple spike responses of gaze velocity Purkinje cells in the floccular lobe of the monkey during the onset and offset of pursuit eye movements. 
  • Spatial coding of position and orientation in primary visual cortex. 
  • Spatial vision in the echinoid genus Echinometra. 
  • Spatial vision in the purple sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus (Echinoidea). 
  • Spatial working and reference memory in rats bred for autonomic sensitivity to cholinergic stimulation: acquisition, accuracy, speed, and effects of cholinergic drugs. 
  • Strain gauge measurement of mesokinetic movement in the lizard Varanus exanthematicus. 
  • Subitizing and counting depend on different attentional mechanisms: evidence from visual enumeration in afterimages. 
  • Superior colliculus of the tree shrew: a structural and functional subdivision into superficial and deep layers. 
  • Tactile/kinesthetic stimulation effects on preterm neonates. 
  • The BOLD fMRI refractory effect is specific to stimulus attributes: evidence from a visual motion paradigm. 
  • The Müller-Lyer illusion explained by the statistics of image-source relationships. 
  • The contribution of sensory experience to the maturation of orientation selectivity in ferret visual cortex. 
  • The contribution of vertical and horizontal connections to the receptive field center and surround in V1. 
  • The counterfeit self: the deceptive costs of faking it. 
  • The development of direction selectivity in ferret visual cortex requires early visual experience. 
  • The distribution of oriented contours in the real world. 
  • The process of recurrent choice. 
  • The prototype effect in face recognition: extension and limits. 
  • The representation of S-cone signals in primary visual cortex. 
  • The role of the input on the development of the LC bias: a crosslinguistic comparison. 
  • Timing of nicotine effects on learning in zebrafish. 
  • Toy story: why do monkey and human males prefer trucks? Comment on "Sex differences in rhesus monkey toy preferences parallel those of children" by Hassett, Siebert and Wallen. 
  • Transcranial magnetic stimulation differentially affects speed and direction judgments. 
  • Twelve-month-olds communicate helpfully and appropriately for knowledgeable and ignorant partners. 
  • Twelve-month-olds point to share attention and interest. 
  • Two-year-old children but not domestic dogs understand communicative intentions without language, gestures, or gaze. 
  • Unequal representation of cardinal and oblique contours in ferret visual cortex. 
  • Uranyl acetate-induced sensorimotor deficit and increased nitric oxide generation in the central nervous system in rats. 
  • Visual physiology underlying orientation and diel behavior in the sand beach amphipod Talorchestia longicornis. 
  • Visuospatial working memory in schizotypal personality disorder patients. 
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  Keywords of People

  • Johnson, Elizabeth, Adjunct Assistant Professor in the Department of Neurobiology, Neurobiology
  • Staddon, John E. R., James B. Duke Distinguished Professor Emeritus of Psychology and Neuroscience, Psychology & Neuroscience
  • White, Leonard Edward, Associate Professor in Neurology, Psychology & Neuroscience