Pain Measurement

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  Subject Areas on Research

  • 3D Printed Total Talus Replacement for Avascular Necrosis of the Talus. 
  • A Dyadic Investigation of Depressed Affect and Interspousal Behavior in Couples With Chronic Back Pain. 
  • A Longitudinal Comparison of Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System to Legacy Scales in Knee and Shoulder Arthroscopy Patients. 
  • A PROMIS Measure of Neuropathic Pain Quality. 
  • A Pilot Study of a Mobile Health Pain Coping Skills Training Protocol for Patients With Persistent Cancer Pain. 
  • A Primary Care-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Intervention for Long-Term Opioid Users With Chronic Pain : A Randomized Pragmatic Trial. 
  • A Prospective Emergency Department Quality Improvement Project to Improve the Treatment of Vaso-Occlusive Crisis in Sickle Cell Disease: Lessons Learned. 
  • A comparative evaluation of intrapleural and thoracic epidural analgesia for postoperative pain relief after minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass surgery. 
  • A comparison of Depodur, a novel, single-dose extended-release epidural morphine, with standard epidural morphine for pain relief after lower abdominal surgery. 
  • A comparison of analgesic management for emergency department patients with sickle cell disease and renal colic. 
  • A comparison of débridement with and without anconeus muscle flap for treatment of refractory lateral epicondylitis. 
  • A comparison of fear-avoidance beliefs in patients with lumbar spine pain and cervical spine pain. 
  • A comparison of laboratory measures of escape and avoidance behavior. 
  • A comparison of subvastus and midvastus approaches in minimally invasive total knee arthroplasty. 
  • A descriptive analysis of the pediatric pain management research 
  • A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of paroxetine controlled-release in irritable bowel syndrome. 
  • A double-masked randomized trial of postoperative local anesthetic for pain control in pediatric strabismus surgery. 
  • A multi-center evaluation of the McGill Pain Questionnaire: results from more than 1700 chronic pain patients. 
  • A multicenter randomised, 1-year comparative effectiveness, parallel-group trial protocol of a physical therapy approach compared to corticosteroid injection on pain and function related to knee osteoarthritis (PTA Trial). 
  • A new outcome measure for LUTS: Symptoms of Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction Research Network Symptom Index-29 (LURN SI-29) questionnaire. 
  • A peripheral cannabinoid mechanism suppresses spinal fos protein expression and pain behavior in a rat model of inflammation. 
  • A phase III randomized three-arm trial of physical therapist delivered pain coping skills training for patients with total knee arthroplasty: the KASTPain protocol. 
  • A physiotherapist-delivered integrated exercise and pain coping skills training intervention for individuals with knee osteoarthritis: a randomised controlled trial protocol. 
  • A physiotherapist-delivered, combined exercise and pain coping skills training intervention for individuals with knee osteoarthritis: a pilot study. 
  • A pilot study of a chiropractic intervention for management of chronic myofascial temporomandibular disorder. 
  • A posterior labral cyst associated with an anterior labral tear of the hip. 
  • A preliminary investigation of remifentanil as a labor analgesic. 
  • A prospective study of ED pain management practices and the patient's perspective. 
  • A prospective study of the herpes zoster severity of illness. 
  • A prospective, multi-institutional comparative effectiveness study of lumbar spine surgery in morbidly obese patients: does minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion result in superior outcomes? 
  • A qualitative study of patient and provider perspectives on using web-based pain coping skills training to treat persistent cancer pain. 
  • A randomized controlled comparison of electro-acupoint stimulation or ondansetron versus placebo for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting. 
  • A randomized controlled trial comparing two vaso-occlusive episode (VOE) protocols in sickle cell disease (SCD). 
  • A randomized controlled trial of paroxetine for noncardiac chest pain. 
  • A randomized sham-controlled trial of a neurodynamic technique in the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome. 
  • A randomized trial of behavioral physical therapy interventions for acute and sub-acute low back pain (NCT00373867). 
  • A randomized, controlled, trial of controlled release paroxetine in fibromyalgia. 
  • A randomized, double-blind, crossover clinical trial of diclofenac plus misoprostol versus acetaminophen in patients with osteoarthritis of the hip or knee. 
  • A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of eszopiclone for the treatment of insomnia in patients with chronic low back pain. 
  • A review of dyspnea in acute heart failure syndromes. 
  • A review of the literature on the multiple dimensions of chronic pain in adults with sickle cell disease 
  • A study of the effectiveness of a pain management education booklet for parents of children having cardiac surgery 
  • A supplemental report to a randomized cluster trial of a 20-week Sun-style Tai Chi for osteoarthritic knee pain in elders with cognitive impairment. 
  • A systematic review of patient-reported nasal obstruction scores: defining normative and symptomatic ranges in surgical patients. 
  • A telephonic mindfulness-based intervention for persons with sickle cell disease: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. 
  • A template for physical resilience research in older adults: Methods of the PRIME-KNEE study. 
  • A value proposition for early physical therapist management of neck pain: a retrospective cohort analysis. 
  • Aberrant origin of the long head of the biceps: a case series. 
  • Abstract Animations for the Communication and Assessment of Pain in Adults: Cross-Sectional Feasibility Study. 
  • Acceptability and Feasibility of a Mindfulness-Based Intervention for Pain Catastrophizing among Persons with Sickle Cell Disease. 
  • Acceptance and change in the context of chronic pain. 
  • Acceptance-based interoceptive exposure for young children with functional abdominal pain. 
  • Achieving the goals of effective, safe, and individualized cancer care. 
  • Activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase in the anterior cingulate cortex contributes to the induction and expression of affective pain. 
  • Activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in spinal microglia contributes to incision-induced mechanical allodynia. 
  • Acute Rupture Open Repair Techniques. 
  • Acute post-surgical pain management: a critical appraisal of current practice, December 2-4, 2005. 
  • Adding Physical Impairment to Risk Stratification Improved Outcome Prediction in Low Back Pain. 
  • Adding chiropractic manipulative therapy to standard medical care for patients with acute low back pain: results of a pragmatic randomized comparative effectiveness study. 
  • Adenosine as a non-opioid analgesic in the perioperative setting. 
  • Adherence to hydroxyurea therapy in children with sickle cell anemia. 
  • Administration of Oral Acetaminophen to Reduce Costs for the Hysterectomy Patient at a Community Hospital. 
  • Adult cancer pain. 
  • Adult emergency department patients with sickle cell pain crisis: a learning collaborative model to improve analgesic management. 
  • Adult emergency department patients with sickle cell pain crisis: results from a quality improvement learning collaborative model to improve analgesic management. 
  • Advancing Psychologically Informed Practice for Patients With Persistent Musculoskeletal Pain: Promise, Pitfalls, and Solutions. 
  • Age Group Comparisons of TENS Response Among Individuals With Chronic Axial Low Back Pain. 
  • Aggressive surgical treatment and early return to sports in athletes with grade III syndesmosis sprains. 
  • Allograft reconstruction of peroneal tendons: operative technique and clinical outcomes. 
  • Ambivalence over emotional expression in patients with gastrointestinal cancer and their caregivers: associations with patient pain and quality of life. 
  • An analysis from the Quality Outcomes Database, Part 1. Disability, quality of life, and pain outcomes following lumbar spine surgery: predicting likely individual patient outcomes for shared decision-making. 
  • An analysis from the Quality Outcomes Database, Part 2. Predictive model for return to work after elective surgery for lumbar degenerative disease. 
  • An evaluation of remifentanil propofol response surfaces for loss of responsiveness, loss of response to surrogates of painful stimuli and laryngoscopy in patients undergoing elective surgery. 
  • An evaluation of remifentanil-sevoflurane response surface models in patients emerging from anesthesia: model improvement using effect-site sevoflurane concentrations. 
  • An evaluation of the measurement of pain catastrophizing by the coping strategies questionnaire. 
  • An evaluation of the professional, social and demographic profile and quality of life of physicians working at the Prehospital Emergency Medical System (SAMU) in Brazil. 
  • An exploration of clinical variables that enhance therapeutic alliance in patients seeking care for musculoskeletal pain: A mixed methods approach. 
  • An implantable restorative-neurostimulator for refractory mechanical chronic low back pain: a randomized sham-controlled clinical trial. 
  • An interdisciplinary expert consensus statement on assessment of pain in older persons. 
  • An introduction to the Biennial Review of Pain. 
  • An item response theory-based pain item bank can enhance measurement precision. 
  • An outcome study for ulnar neuropathy at the elbow: a multicenter study by the surgery for ulnar nerve (SUN) study group. 
  • Analgesia in the surgical intensive care unit. 
  • Analgesic Effects of a Novel Combination of Regional Anesthesia After Pediatric Cardiac Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study. 
  • Analysis of shortened versions of the tampa scale for kinesiophobia and pain catastrophizing scale for patients after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. 
  • Analysis of the complications of palmar plating versus external fixation for fractures of the distal radius. 
  • Analyzing pain in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Pain coping strategies in patients who have had knee replacement surgery. 
  • Anesthesia-based pain services improve the quality of postoperative pain management. 
  • Anesthetizing the phantom: peripheral nerve stimulation of a nonexistent extremity. 
  • Anger arousal and behavioral anger regulation in everyday life among patients with chronic low back pain: Relationships to patient pain and function. 
  • Angina pectoris in type A and type B cardiac patients. 
  • Anti-nociceptive roles of the glia-specific metabolic inhibitor fluorocitrate in paclitaxel-evoked neuropathic pain. 
  • Antinociceptive activity of Syzygium jambos leaves extract on rats. 
  • Anxiolytic effects of smoking associated with four stressors. 
  • Application of continuous incisional infusion of local anesthetic after major pediatric urological surgery: prospective randomized controlled trial. 
  • Applying centrality of event to persistent pain: a preliminary view. 
  • Aprepitant: a novel neurokinin-1 receptor/substance P antagonist as antipruritic therapy in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. 
  • Are Psychosocial Factors Associated With Patient-reported Outcome Measures in Patients With Rotator Cuff Tears? A Systematic Review. 
  • Are coping strategies and locus of control orientation associated with health-related quality of life in older adults with and without depression? 
  • Arthroscopic brostrom technique. 
  • Arthroscopic management of partial scapholunate and lunotriquetral injuries of the wrist. 
  • Arthroscopic treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus: microfracture and drilling versus debridement. 
  • Assessing patient utilities for varying degrees of low back pain. 
  • Assessment of chiropractic care on strength, balance, and endurance in active-duty U.S. military personnel with low back pain: a protocol for a randomized controlled trial. 
  • Assessment of pain in herpes zoster: lessons learned from antiviral trials. 
  • Association between physical activity and pain processing in adults with chronic low back pain compared to pain-free controls. 
  • Association of bone scintigraphic abnormalities with knee malalignment and pain. 
  • Association of obesity with patient-reported outcomes in patients with axial spondyloarthritis: a cross-sectional study in an urban Asian population. 
  • Associations between pressure-pain threshold, symptoms, and radiographic knee and hip osteoarthritis. 
  • Associations of coping strategies with diary based pain variables among Caucasian and African American patients with osteoarthritis. 
  • Astrocytic CX43 hemichannels and gap junctions play a crucial role in development of chronic neuropathic pain following spinal cord injury. 
  • Attenuation of the preoperative stress response with midazolam: effects on postoperative outcomes. 
  • Audio-recorded guided imagery treatment reduces functional abdominal pain in children: a pilot study. 
  • Auricular acupuncture in the treatment of acute pain syndromes: A pilot study. 
  • Auriculotherapy for pain management: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. 
  • Automated Internet-based pain coping skills training to manage osteoarthritis pain: a randomized controlled trial. 
  • B1 and TRPV-1 receptor genes and their relationship to hyperalgesia following spinal cord injury. 
  • Basal and carrageenan-induced pain behavior in Sprague-Dawley, Lewis and Fischer rats. 
  • Behavior of patients with lung cancer: description and associations with oncologic and pain variables. 
  • Behavioral and cognitive-behavioral approaches to chronic pain: recent advances and future directions. 
  • Behavioral assessment of chronic orofacial pain. 
  • Behavioral assessment of low back pain: identification of pain behavior subgroups. 
  • Benefits of the Restorative Exercise and Strength Training for Operational Resilience and Excellence Yoga Program for Chronic Low Back Pain in Service Members: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. 
  • Better Knee, Better Me™: effectiveness of two scalable health care interventions supporting self-management for knee osteoarthritis - protocol for a randomized controlled trial. 
  • Biopsychosocial Influence on Shoulder Pain: Influence of Genetic and Psychological Combinations on Twelve-Month Postoperative Pain and Disability Outcomes. 
  • Biopsychosocial Influences on Shoulder Pain: Analyzing the Temporal Ordering of Postoperative Recovery. 
  • Biopsychosocial influence on exercise-induced delayed onset muscle soreness at the shoulder: pain catastrophizing and catechol-o-methyltransferase (COMT) diplotype predict pain ratings. 
  • Biopsychosocial influence on exercise-induced injury: genetic and psychological combinations are predictive of shoulder pain phenotypes. 
  • Biopsychosocial influence on shoulder pain: Rationale and protocol for a pre-clinical trial. 
  • Biopsychosocial influence on shoulder pain: risk subgroups translated across preclinical and clinical prospective cohorts. 
  • Botulinum toxin type B: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, safety and efficacy study in cervical dystonia. 
  • Bradykinin enhances AMPA and NMDA receptor activity in spinal cord dorsal horn neurons by activating multiple kinases to produce pain hypersensitivity. 
  • Brain mechanisms supporting the modulation of pain by mindfulness meditation. 
  • Brief educational video plus telecare to enhance recovery for older emergency department patients with acute musculoskeletal pain: study protocol for the BETTER randomized controlled trial. 
  • Buprenorphine metabolites, buprenorphine-3-glucuronide and norbuprenorphine-3-glucuronide, are biologically active. 
  • Bupropion in chronic low back pain. 
  • Buscopan for the treatment of pain after laparoscopic sterilisation. 
  • CACNG2 polymorphisms associate with chronic pain after mastectomy. 
  • CAMPATH-1H in rheumatoid arthritis--an intravenous dose-ranging study. 
  • COMParative Early Treatment Effectiveness between physical therapy and usual care for low back pain (COMPETE): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. 
  • Can a within/between-session change in pain during reassessment predict outcome using a manual therapy intervention in patients with mechanical low back pain? 
  • Can physical therapists deliver a pain coping skills program? An examination of training processes and outcomes. 
  • Can subjective pain be inferred from objective physiological data? Evidence from patients with sickle cell disease. 
  • Can tantalum cones provide fixation in complex revision knee arthroplasty? 
  • Car8 dorsal root ganglion expression and genetic regulation of analgesic responses are associated with a cis-eQTL in mice. 
  • Caregiver-assisted coping skills training for lung cancer: results of a randomized clinical trial. 
  • Carrier testing in the fragile X syndrome: attitudes and opinions of obligate carriers. 
  • Catastrophizing and pain coping: moving forward. 
  • Catastrophizing, depression and the sensory, affective and evaluative aspects of chronic pain. 
  • Catechol O-methyltransferase haplotype predicts immediate musculoskeletal neck pain and psychological symptoms after motor vehicle collision. 
  • Catechol-O-methyltransferase genotype predicts pain severity in hospitalized burn patients. 
  • Changes in coping, pain, and activity after cognitive-behavioral training: a randomized clinical trial for pediatric sickle cell disease using smartphones. 
  • Changes in pain sensitivity following spinal manipulation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 
  • Characteristics of Ocular Pain Complaints in Patients With Idiopathic Dry Eye Symptoms. 
  • Characterization and Surgical Management of Achilles Tendon Sleeve Avulsions. 
  • Chest pain self-management training for patients with coronary artery disease. 
  • Chest wall volume receiving >30 Gy predicts risk of severe pain and/or rib fracture after lung stereotactic body radiotherapy. 
  • Childrens' and adolescents' use of diaries for sickle cell pain 
  • Chiropractic Integrated Care Pathway for Low Back Pain in Veterans: Results of a Delphi Consensus Process. 
  • Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain is a Nervous System Disorder… Now What? 
  • Chronic morphine induces downregulation of spinal glutamate transporters: implications in morphine tolerance and abnormal pain sensitivity. 
  • Chronic pain and analgesic use in CKD: implications for patient safety. 
  • Chronic pain assessment using heat beam dolorimetry. 
  • Chronic pain in adolescents is associated with suicidal thoughts and behaviors. 
  • Chronic pain-associated behaviors in the nursing home: resident versus caregiver perceptions. 
  • Chronic widespread pain after motor vehicle collision typically occurs through immediate development and nonrecovery: results of an emergency department-based cohort study. 
  • Circulating Omentin-1 and Chronic Painful Temporomandibular Disorders. 
  • Classification of older adults who underwent lumbar-related surgery using pre-operative biopsychosocial predictors and relationships with surgical recovery: An observational study conducted in the United States. 
  • Clinical endpoints for drug development in prostate cancer. 
  • Clinical hip tests and a functional squat test in patients with knee osteoarthritis: reliability, prevalence of positive test findings, and short-term response to hip mobilization. 
  • Clinical observation of patients with Fabry disease after switching from agalsidase beta (Fabrazyme) to agalsidase alfa (Replagal). 
  • Clinical orofacial characteristics associated with risk of first-onset TMD: the OPPERA prospective cohort study. 
  • Clinical outcomes for patients classified by fear-avoidance beliefs and centralization phenomenon. 
  • Clinical outcomes of extreme lateral interbody fusion in the treatment of adult degenerative scoliosis. 
  • Clinical practice guideline: acute otitis externa. 
  • Clinical rating systems for the ankle-hindfoot, midfoot, hallux, and lesser toes. 
  • Cluster analyses of pain patients' responses to the SCL-90R. 
  • Cluster subgroups based on overall pressure pain sensitivity and psychosocial factors in chronic musculoskeletal pain: Differences in clinical outcomes. 
  • Cognitive behavioral therapy for chronic pain is effective, but for whom? 
  • Cognitive-behavioral therapy increases prefrontal cortex gray matter in patients with chronic pain. 
  • Cognitive-behavioral treatment for comorbid insomnia and osteoarthritis pain in primary care: the lifestyles randomized controlled trial. 
  • Colchicine effectiveness in symptom and inflammation modification in knee osteoarthritis (COLKOA): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. 
  • Cold Water Pressor Test Differentially Modulates Functional Network Connectivity in Fibromyalgia Patients Compared with Healthy Controls. 
  • Commercial features of placebo and therapeutic efficacy. 
  • Community-based aquatic exercise and quality of life in persons with osteoarthritis. 
  • Comparative Associations of Working Memory and Pain Catastrophizing With Chronic Low Back Pain Intensity. 
  • Comparative effectiveness of advanced wound dressings for patients with chronic venous leg ulcers: a systematic review. 
  • Comparison of 2 Lumbar Manual Therapies on Temporal Summation of Pain in Healthy Volunteers. 
  • Comparison of controlled-release and immediate-release oxycodone tablets in patients with cancer pain. 
  • Comparison of graded exercise and graded exposure clinical outcomes for patients with chronic low back pain. 
  • Comparison of pain measures among patients with osteoarthritis. 
  • Comparison of postoperative pain outcomes after vertical or Pfannenstiel incision for major gynecologic surgery. 
  • Comparison of the Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire, Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire, and PROMIS Instruments in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome. 
  • Comparison of the immunogenicity and safety of a split-virion, inactivated, trivalent influenza vaccine (Fluzone®) administered by intradermal and intramuscular route in healthy adults. 
  • Complex multilocus effects of catechol-O-methyltransferase haplotypes predict pain and pain interference 6 weeks after motor vehicle collision. 
  • Complication rates associated with open versus percutaneous pedicle screw instrumentation among patients undergoing minimally invasive interbody fusion for adult spinal deformity. 
  • Complications of 50 consecutive limited wrist fusions by a single surgeon. 
  • Composite measures of physical activity and pain associate better with functional assessments than pain alone in knee osteoarthritis. 
  • Comprehensive study of back and leg pain improvements after adult spinal deformity surgery: analysis of 421 patients with 2-year follow-up and of the impact of the surgery on treatment satisfaction. 
  • Computer Face Scale for measuring pediatric pain and mood. 
  • Concealed degloving injury (the Morel-Lavallée lesion) in childhood sports: a case report. 
  • Concurrent validity of a low-cost and time-efficient clinical sensory test battery to evaluate somatosensory dysfunction. 
  • Conflict about expressing emotions and chronic low back pain: associations with pain and anger. 
  • Construct Validity and Item Response Theory Analysis of the PROMIS-29 v2.0 in Recipients of Lumbar Spine Surgery. 
  • Construct validity and reliability of a real-time multidimensional smartphone app to assess pain in children and adolescents with cancer. 
  • Continuous paravertebral catheter and outpatient infusion for breast surgery. 
  • Continuous peripheral nerve block for ambulatory surgery. 
  • Contrasting effects of centromedial and basolateral amygdaloid lesions on stress-related responses in the rat. 
  • Conversion of Tibiotalar Arthrodesis to Total Ankle Arthroplasty. 
  • Coping strategies of patients with lung cancer-related pain. 
  • Core Outcome Measures for Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain Research: Recommendations from a Veterans Health Administration Work Group. 
  • Corrective osteotomy for isolated malunion of the palmar lunate facet in distal radius fractures. 
  • Correlation between changes in regional cerebral blood flow and pain relief in complex regional pain syndrome type 1. 
  • Correlations between preprocedure mood and clinical outcome in patients undergoing coronary angioplasty. 
  • Cost effectiveness, quality-adjusted life-years and supportive care. Recombinant human erythropoietin as a treatment of cancer-associated anaemia. 
  • Cost-utility analysis of the cochlear implant in children. 
  • Creating computable algorithms for symptom management in an outpatient thoracic oncology setting. 
  • Criterion and convergent validity for 4 measures of pain in a pediatric sickle cell disease population. 
  • Criterion validation and interpretability of the Single Assessment Numerical Evaluation (SANE) of self-reported recovery in patients with neck pain. 
  • Critically appraised paper: Intensive patient education is no more effective than placebo education for reducing pain intensity in patients with acute low back pain [commentary]. 
  • Cyclosporine-inhibitable cerebral drug transport does not influence clinical methadone pharmacodynamics. 
  • Cytokine biomarkers and chronic pain: association of genes, transcription, and circulating proteins with temporomandibular disorders and widespread palpation tenderness. 
  • Daily pain and symptoms in children with polyarticular arthritis. 
  • Daily pain variations among patients with hand, hip, and knee osteoarthritis. 
  • Daily sleep quality and mood as predictors of pain in children with juvenile polyarticular arthritis. 
  • Daily spousal influence on physical activity in knee osteoarthritis. 
  • Daily verbal and nonverbal expression of osteoarthritis pain and spouse responses. 
  • Deconstructing Chronic Low Back Pain in the Older Adult-Step by Step Evidence and Expert-Based Recommendations for Evaluation and Treatment: Part II: Myofascial Pain. 
  • Deconstructing chronic low back pain in the older adult--Step by step evidence and expert-based recommendations for evaluation and treatment part III: Fibromyalgia syndrome. 
  • Decreasing procedural pain over time of left prefrontal rTMS for depression: initial results from the open-label phase of a multi-site trial (OPT-TMS). 
  • Defining the minimum clinically important difference for grade I degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis: insights from the Quality Outcomes Database. 
  • Delivery strategies to optimize resource utilization and performance status for patients with advanced life-limiting illness: results from the "palliative care trial" [ISRCTN 81117481]. 
  • Demographic and Clinical Factors Associated With Nonsurgical Osteoarthritis Treatment Among Patients in Outpatient Clinics. 
  • Depression and Pain Interference Correlate With Physical Function in Patients Recovering From Hand Surgery. 
  • Depression and chronic low back pain: establishing priorities in treatment. 
  • Derivation of a clinical decision guide in the diagnosis of cervical facet joint pain. 
  • Dermal tissue allograft for the repair of massive irreparable rotator cuff tears. 
  • Description of Common Clinical Presentations and Associated Short-Term Physical Therapy Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Neck Pain. 
  • Detection of silent myocardial ischemia in diabetes mellitus. 
  • Determination of Pain Phenotypes in Knee Osteoarthritis Using Latent Profile Analysis. 
  • Determination of the effective therapeutic dose of intrathecal sufentanil for extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. 
  • Determining Brain Mechanisms that Underpin Analgesia Induced by the Use of Pain Coping Skills. 
  • Development and Evaluation of the Boston University Osteoarthritis Functional Pain Short Form (BU-OA-FPS). 
  • Development and longitudinal validation of the overall benefit of analgesia score: a simple multi-dimensional quality assessment instrument. 
  • Development and psychometric analysis of the PROMIS pain behavior item bank. 
  • Development and testing of a multidimensional iPhone pain assessment application for adolescents with cancer. 
  • Development and validation of a new self-report measure of pain behaviors. 
  • Development of a Yellow Flag Assessment Tool for Orthopaedic Physical Therapists: Results From the Optimal Screening for Prediction of Referral and Outcome (OSPRO) Cohort. 
  • Development of a measure of the burden of pain due to herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia for prevention trials: adaptation of the brief pain inventory. 
  • Development of a self-report measure of fearful activities for patients with low back pain: the fear of daily activities questionnaire. 
  • Development of an attention-touch control for manual cervical distraction: a pilot randomized clinical trial for patients with neck pain. 
  • Development of validated disease activity and damage indices for the juvenile idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: I. Physician, parent, and patient global assessments. Juvenile Dermatomyositis Disease Activity Collaborative Study Group. 
  • Dexmedetomidine pharmacodynamics: Part II: Crossover comparison of the analgesic effect of dexmedetomidine and remifentanil in healthy volunteers. 
  • Diagnosis and assessment of pain associated with herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia. 
  • Differences in comorbidities on low back pain and low back related leg pain. 
  • Differences in effectiveness of the active living every day program for older adults with arthritis. 
  • Differences in osteoarthritis self-management support intervention outcomes according to race and health literacy. 
  • Differences in the Antinociceptive Effects and Binding Properties of Propranolol and Bupranolol Enantiomers. 
  • Differential diagnosis and treatment for a patient with lower extremity symptoms. 
  • Differential effects of experimental central sensitization on the time-course and magnitude of offset analgesia. 
  • Differential expression of systemic inflammatory mediators in amputees with chronic residual limb pain. 
  • Differential mechanisms of morphine antinociceptive tolerance revealed in (beta)arrestin-2 knock-out mice. 
  • Discrete and Dynamic Postoperative Pain Catastrophizing Trajectories Across 6 Months: A Prospective Observational Study. 
  • Disease severity and domain-specific arthritis self-efficacy: relationships to pain and functioning in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. 
  • Disentangling trait versus state characteristics of the Pain Catastrophizing Scale and the PHQ-8 Depression Scale. 
  • Disruption of ErbB receptor signaling in adult non-myelinating Schwann cells causes progressive sensory loss. 
  • Distal mean nocturnal baseline impedance on pH-impedance monitoring predicts reflux burden and symptomatic outcome in gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. 
  • Distal radius fractures in the elderly. 
  • Distinct brain mechanisms support spatial vs temporal filtering of nociceptive information. 
  • Distinguishing patient satisfaction with treatment delivery from treatment effect: a preliminary investigation of patient satisfaction with symptoms after physical therapy treatment of low back pain. 
  • Do Short-Term Effects Predict Long-Term Improvements in Women Who Receive Manual Therapy or Surgery for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome? A Bayesian Network Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial. 
  • Do obese patients have worse outcomes after direct lateral interbody fusion compared to non-obese patients? 
  • Do prognostic variables predict a set of outcomes for patients with chronic low back pain: a long-term follow-up secondary analysis of a randomized control trial. 
  • Does a positive response to spermatic cord block predict response to microdenervation of the spermatic cord for chronic scrotal content pain? 
  • Does classification of persons with fibromyalgia into Multidimensional Pain Inventory subgroups detect differences in outcome after a standard chronic pain management program? 
  • Does clinical improvement of symptomatic degenerative lumbar disease impact obesity? 
  • Domain specific self-efficacy mediates the impact of pain catastrophizing on pain and disability in overweight and obese osteoarthritis patients. 
  • Dorsal Fracture-Dislocations of the Proximal Interphalangeal Joint. 
  • Dry needling in addition to standard physical therapy treatment for sub-acromial pain syndrome: a randomized controlled trial protocol. 
  • Durability of High-Frequency 10-kHz Spinal Cord Stimulation for Patients With Painful Diabetic Neuropathy Refractory to Conventional Treatments: 12-Month Results From a Randomized Controlled Trial. 
  • Dynamic, but not static, pain sensitivity predicts exercise-induced muscle pain: covariation of temporal sensory summation and pain intensity. 
  • Dyspnoea and worsening heart failure in patients with acute heart failure: results from the Pre-RELAX-AHF study. 
  • Early Initiation of Sub-Anesthetic Ketamine Infusion in Adults with Vaso-Occlusive Crises Is Associated with Greater Reduction in Sickle Cell Pain Intensity: A Single Center's Experience. 
  • Early Self-directed Home Exercise Program After Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: A Pilot Study. 
  • Early experience with mesh excision for adverse outcomes after transvaginal mesh placement using prolapse kits. 
  • Early report of a randomized comparative clinical trial of Strattice™ reconstructive tissue matrix to lightweight synthetic mesh in the repair of inguinal hernias. 
  • Early to mid-term results of fixed-bearing total ankle arthroplasty with a modular intramedullary tibial component. 
  • Early use of thrust manipulation versus non-thrust manipulation: a randomized clinical trial. 
  • Effect of High-frequency (10-kHz) Spinal Cord Stimulation in Patients With Painful Diabetic Neuropathy: A Randomized Clinical Trial. 
  • Effect of Pregnenolone vs Placebo on Self-reported Chronic Low Back Pain Among US Military Veterans: A Randomized Clinical Trial. 
  • Effect of Restorative Neurostimulation on Major Drivers of Chronic Low Back Pain Economic Impact. 
  • Effect of Usual Medical Care Plus Chiropractic Care vs Usual Medical Care Alone on Pain and Disability Among US Service Members With Low Back Pain: A Comparative Effectiveness Clinical Trial. 
  • Effect of a zoster vaccine on herpes zoster-related interference with functional status and health-related quality-of-life measures in older adults. 
  • Effect of admission oral diuretic dose on response to continuous versus bolus intravenous diuretics in acute heart failure: an analysis from diuretic optimization strategies in acute heart failure. 
  • Effect of an Early Palliative Care Telehealth Intervention vs Usual Care on Patients With Heart Failure: The ENABLE CHF-PC Randomized Clinical Trial. 
  • Effect of epidural compared to patient-controlled intravenous analgesia on outcomes for patients undergoing liver resection for neoplastic disease. 
  • Effect of pain location and duration on life function in the year after motor vehicle collision. 
  • Effect of spinal manipulation on sensorimotor functions in back pain patients: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. 
  • Effect of zoledronic acid on pain associated with bone metastasis in patients with prostate cancer. 
  • Effectiveness of an Internet-Delivered Exercise and Pain-Coping Skills Training Intervention for Persons With Chronic Knee Pain: A Randomized Trial. 
  • Effectiveness of spinal fusion versus structured rehabilitation in chronic low back pain patients with and without isthmic spondylolisthesis: a systematic review. 
  • Effects of a brief coping skills training intervention on nociceptive flexion reflex threshold in patients having osteoarthritic knee pain: a preliminary laboratory study of sex differences. 
  • Effects of brief pain education on hospitalized cancer patients with moderate to severe pain. 
  • Effects of cabozantinib on pain and narcotic use in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer: results from a phase 2 nonrandomized expansion cohort. 
  • Effects of coping skills training and sertraline in patients with non-cardiac chest pain: a randomized controlled study. 
  • Effects of external qigong therapy on osteoarthritis of the knee. A randomized controlled trial. 
  • Effects of neurotoxic destruction of descending noradrenergic pathways on cannabinoid antinociception in models of acute and tonic nociception. 
  • Effects of nociceptin (13-17) in pain modulation at supraspinal level in mice. 
  • Effects of pregabalin on heart rate variability in patients with painful diabetic neuropathy. 
  • Effects of spinal manipulation on sensorimotor function in low back pain patients--A randomised controlled trial. 
  • Effects of spinal manipulation on trunk proprioception in subjects with chronic low back pain during symptom remission. 
  • Effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on pain, pain sensitivity, and function in people with knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial. 
  • Effects of upper extremity neural mobilization on thermal pain sensitivity: a sham-controlled study in asymptomatic participants. 
  • Efficacy and Safety of Massage for Osteoarthritis of the Knee: a Randomized Clinical Trial. 
  • Efficacy of PROMIS Pain Interference and Likert Pain Scores to Assess Physical Function. 
  • Efficacy of primary microvascular decompression versus subsequent microvascular decompression for trigeminal neuralgia. 
  • Efficacy of single-dose, multilevel paravertebral nerve blockade for analgesia after thoracoscopic procedures. 
  • Electroacupuncture reduces rectal distension-induced blood pressure changes in conscious dogs. 
  • Electromyographic (EMG) biofeedback in the comprehensive treatment of central pain and ataxic tremor following thalamic stroke. 
  • Embedding pain neuroscience education in the physical therapy management of patients with chronic plantar fasciitis: a prospective case series. 
  • Emergency department management of acute pain episodes in sickle cell disease. 
  • Emotion regulation predicts pain and functioning in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: an electronic diary study. 
  • Emotional reactions to pain predict psychological distress in adult patients with Sickle Cell Disease (SCD). 
  • Empathy is not empathy is not empathy in the management of chronic pain. 
  • Empirically derived back pain subgroups differentiated walking performance, pain, and disability. 
  • Energy recovery in individuals with knee osteoarthritis. 
  • Engaging Pain Management Nurses in Research and Evidence-Based Practice. 
  • Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) for Spine Surgery: A Systematic Review. 
  • Enhanced central thermal nociception in mildly depressed nonpatients and transiently sad healthy subjects. 
  • Enhanced morphine analgesia in mice lacking beta-arrestin 2. 
  • Enthesitis-related arthritis is associated with higher pain intensity and poorer health status in comparison with other categories of juvenile idiopathic arthritis: the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance Registry. 
  • Establishing cutoff scores on assessments of surgical skills to determine surgical competence. 
  • Establishment of reference intervals for osteoarthritis-related soluble biomarkers: the FNIH/OARSI OA Biomarkers Consortium. 
  • Estimation of the contribution of norketamine to ketamine-induced acute pain relief and neurocognitive impairment in healthy volunteers. 
  • Evaluating Associations between Average Pain Intensity and Genetic Variation in People with Sickle Cell Disease: An Exploratory Study. 
  • Evaluating persistent pain in long term care residents: what role for pain maps? 
  • Evaluating the Implementation of a Preemptive, Multimodal Analgesia Protocol in a Plastic Surgery Office. 
  • Evaluation of Novel Metrics of Symptom Relief in Acute Heart Failure: The Worst Symptom Score. 
  • Evaluation of Opioid Use in Acute Pancreatitis in Absence of Chronic Pancreatitis: Absence of Opioid Dependence an Important Feature. 
  • Evaluation of a Quality Improvement Intervention That Eliminated Routine Use of Opioids After Cesarean Delivery. 
  • Evidence for a biopsychosocial influence on shoulder pain: pain catastrophizing and catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) diplotype predict clinical pain ratings. 
  • Evidence that Dry Eye Represents a Chronic Overlapping Pain Condition. 
  • Evolution of basal joint arthroplasty and technology in hand surgery. 
  • Exercise-induced pain intensity predicted by pre-exercise fear of pain and pain sensitivity. 
  • Expectancy Reduces Symptoms but not Functional Impairment Following Exercise-induced Musculoskeletal Injury. 
  • Experimental Pain and Auditory Sensitivity in Overactive Bladder Syndrome: A Symptoms of the Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction Research Network (LURN) Study. 
  • Experimental and model-based analysis of differences in perception of cutaneous electrical stimulation across the sole of the foot. 
  • Experimental pain responses support peripheral and central sensitization in patients with unilateral shoulder pain. 
  • Explanatory multivariate modeling for disability, pain, and claims in patients with spine pain via a physical therapy direct access model of care. 
  • Exploration of specialty certification for nurse anesthetists: nonsurgical pain management as a test case. 
  • Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis of the PROMIS pain quality item bank. 
  • Exploring Emergency Department Provider Experiences With and Perceptions of Weight-Based Versus Individualized Vaso-Occlusive Treatment Protocols in Sickle Cell Disease. 
  • External Validation of a Prognostic Model for Predicting Nonresponse Following Knee Arthroplasty. 
  • Eye pain after vitreoretinal surgery: a prospective study of 185 patients. 
  • Factors affecting pain scores during female urethral catheterization. 
  • Factors affecting procedural pain in children during and immediately after intramuscular botulinum toxin injections for spasticity. 
  • Family pain history predicts child health status in children with chronic rheumatic disease. 
  • Fascia Iliaca Blockade With the Addition of Liposomal Bupivacaine Versus Plain Bupivacaine for Perioperative Pain Management During Hip Arthroscopy: A Double-Blinded Prospective Randomized Control Trial. 
  • Fascia iliaca blockade with the addition of liposomal bupivacaine vs. plain bupivacaine for perioperative pain management following hip arthroscopy. 
  • Fatigue in Children With Sickle Cell Disease: Association With Neurocognitive and Social-Emotional Functioning and Quality of Life. 
  • Fear of Movement and Associated Factors Among Adults With Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis. 
  • Fear of movement (kinesiophobia), pain, and psychopathology in patients with sickle cell disease. 
  • Fear of pain influences outcomes after exercise-induced delayed onset muscle soreness at the shoulder. 
  • Fear of pain, not pain catastrophizing, predicts acute pain intensity, but neither factor predicts tolerance or blood pressure reactivity: an experimental investigation in pain-free individuals. 
  • Fear of pain, pain catastrophizing, and acute pain perception: relative prediction and timing of assessment. 
  • Fear-avoidance beliefs and clinical outcomes for patients seeking outpatient physical therapy for musculoskeletal pain conditions. 
  • Fear-avoidance beliefs and temporal summation of evoked thermal pain influence self-report of disability in patients with chronic low back pain. 
  • Fear-avoidance beliefs as measured by the fear-avoidance beliefs questionnaire: change in fear-avoidance beliefs questionnaire is predictive of change in self-report of disability and pain intensity for patients with acute low back pain. 
  • Feasibility of a dyadic intervention for management of osteoarthritis: a pilot study with older patients and their spousal caregivers. 
  • Femoral artery block (FAB) attenuates thigh tourniquet-induced hypertension: a prospective randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. 
  • Fibroid interventions: reducing symptoms today and tomorrow: extending generalizability by using a comprehensive cohort design with a randomized controlled trial. 
  • Fibromyalgia symptoms and medication requirements respond to parathyroidectomy. 
  • Fifteen-year survival and osteolysis associated with a modular posterior stabilized knee replacement. A concise follow-up of a previous report. 
  • Focus article report of the NIH task force on research standards for chronic low back pain. 
  • Focus article: report of the NIH Task Force on Research Standards for Chronic Low Back Pain. 
  • Forced versus minimal intravenous hydration in the management of acute renal colic: a randomized trial. 
  • Four Variables Were Sufficient for Low Back Pain: Determining Which Patient-Reported Tools Pain and Disability Improvements. 
  • Functional outcome with scaphotrapeziotrapezoid arthrodesis in the treatment of Kienböck's disease stage III. 
  • Future directions in painful knee osteoarthritis: harnessing complexity in a heterogeneous population. 
  • G-protein receptor kinase 3 (GRK3) influences opioid analgesic tolerance but not opioid withdrawal. 
  • Gabapentin attenuates morphine tolerance through interleukin-10. 
  • Gabapentin for Perioperative Pain Management for Uterine Aspiration: A Randomized Controlled Trial. 
  • Gender differences in acute and chronic pain in the emergency department: results of the 2014 Academic Emergency Medicine consensus conference pain section. 
  • Genetic and nongenetic covariates of pain severity in patients with adenocarcinoma of the pancreas: assessing the influence of cytokine genes. 
  • Genetic pathway analysis reveals a major role for extracellular matrix organization in inflammatory and neuropathic pain. 
  • Genetic risk factors for perception of symptoms in GERD: an observational cohort study. 
  • Genetically determined P2X7 receptor pore formation regulates variability in chronic pain sensitivity. 
  • Graded chronic pain scale revised: mild, bothersome, and high-impact chronic pain. 
  • Grading the severity of chronic pain. 
  • Graduated compression stockings to treat acute leg pain associated with proximal DVT. A randomised controlled trial. 
  • Greater Pain Severity Is Associated with Worse Outcomes in Patients with Heart Failure. 
  • Group interventions for co-morbid insomnia and osteoarthritis pain in primary care: the lifestyles cluster randomized trial design. 
  • HI-TENS reduces moderate-to-severe pain associated with most wound care procedures: a pilot study. 
  • Health-related quality of life in older depressed psychogeriatric patients: one year follow-up. 
  • Heightened pain sensitivity in individuals with signs and symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome and the relationship to clinical outcomes following a manual therapy intervention. 
  • Hemostasis using a bipolar sealer in primary unilateral total knee arthroplasty. 
  • Heterogeneity of pain-related psychological distress in patients seeking care for shoulder pathology. 
  • Higher daily pain severity after emergency department visits is associated with lower return-to-work rates. 
  • Hindfoot Arthritis Progression and Arthrodesis Risk After Total Ankle Replacement. 
  • Hindfoot Arthrodesis Screw Position and Trajectory Effect on Talus Subsidence When Performed With Total Ankle Arthroplasty. 
  • Hip arthroplasty after failed free vascularized fibular grafting for osteonecrosis in young patients. 
  • History of depressive and/or anxiety disorders as a predictor of treatment response: a post hoc analysis of a 12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of paroxetine controlled release in patients with fibromyalgia. 
  • History of early abuse as a predictor of treatment response in patients with fibromyalgia: a post-hoc analysis of a 12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of paroxetine controlled release. 
  • Hope against the cold: individual differences in trait hope and acute pain tolerance on the cold pressor task. 
  • How Many Steps Per Day During the Early Postoperative Period are Associated With Patient-Reported Outcomes of Disability, Pain, and Opioid Use After Lumbar Spine Surgery? 
  • How central is central poststroke pain? The role of afferent input in poststroke neuropathic pain: a prospective, open-label pilot study. 
  • Hypertension and intracerebral hemorrhage recurrence among white, black, and Hispanic individuals. 
  • IMPROVE trial: a randomized controlled trial of patient-controlled analgesia for sickle cell painful episodes: rationale, design challenges, initial experience, and recommendations for future studies. 
  • Identification and functional characterization of a stable, centrally active derivative of the neurotensin (8-13) fragment as a potential first-in-class analgesic. 
  • Identification of cut-points in commonly used hip osteoarthritis-related outcome measures that define the patient acceptable symptom state (PASS). 
  • Identifying Components Necessary for an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Pathway for Elective Intracranial Surgery: An Improvement Project Using the Quality of Recovery-15 Score. 
  • Identifying Treatment Effect Modifiers in the STarT Back Trial: A Secondary Analysis. 
  • Identifying genetic determinants of inflammatory pain in mice using a large-scale gene-targeted screen. 
  • Identifying patient fear-avoidance beliefs by physical therapists managing patients with low back pain. 
  • Identifying psychosocial variables in patients with acute work-related low back pain: the importance of fear-avoidance beliefs. 
  • Identifying risk factors for first-episode neck pain: A systematic review. 
  • Illness behavior as a predictor of pain and overt behavior patterns in chronic low back pain patients. 
  • Image-guided percutaneous thermal ablation for the palliative treatment of chest wall masses. 
  • Imaging-Guided Core-Needle Breast Biopsy: Impact of Meditation and Music Interventions on Patient Anxiety, Pain, and Fatigue. 
  • Immediate Effects of a Continuous Peripheral Nerve Block on Postamputation Phantom and Residual Limb Pain: Secondary Outcomes From a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. 
  • Immediate changes after manual therapy in resting-state functional connectivity as measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging in participants with induced low back pain. 
  • Immediate effects of spinal manipulation on thermal pain sensitivity: an experimental study. 
  • Immediate reduction in temporal sensory summation after thoracic spinal manipulation. 
  • Impact of Cigarette Smoking Status on Pain Intensity Among Veterans With and Without Hepatitis C. 
  • Impact of Diabetes on Outcome of Total Ankle Replacement. 
  • Impact of Smoking Cessation on Subsequent Pain Intensity Among Chronically Ill Veterans Enrolled in a Smoking Cessation Trial. 
  • Impact of Sodium Bicarbonate-Buffered Lidocaine on Patient Pain During Image-Guided Breast Biopsy. 
  • Impact of an Opioid Safety Initiative on Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Time Series Analysis. 
  • Impact of human CA8 on thermal antinociception in relation to morphine equivalence in mice. 
  • Impact of intravenous lidocaine infusion on postoperative analgesia and recovery from surgery: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. 
  • Impact of perioperative dexamethasone on postoperative analgesia and side-effects: systematic review and meta-analysis. 
  • Impact of physician and patient gender on pain management in the emergency department--a multicenter study. 
  • Impact of predominant symptom location among patients undergoing cervical spine surgery on 12-month outcomes: an analysis from the Quality Outcomes Database. 
  • Impact of psychosocial factors, pain, and functional limitations on throwing athletes who return to sport following elbow injuries: a case series. 
  • Implementation of a Hydrotherapy Protocol to Improve Postpartum Pain Management. 
  • Implementation of a group physical therapy program for Veterans with knee osteoarthritis. 
  • Improvement of back pain with operative and nonoperative treatment in adults with scoliosis. 
  • Incidence and risk factors for surgical intervention after uterine artery embolization. 
  • Incidence of opioid-managed pelvic pain after hysteroscopic sterilization versus laparoscopic sterilization, US 2005-2012. 
  • Incidence, patient satisfaction, and perceptions of post-surgical pain: results from a US national survey. 
  • Increased interleukin-1β gene expression in peripheral blood leukocytes is associated with increased pain and predicts risk for progression of symptomatic knee osteoarthritis. 
  • Individual differences in the day-to-day variability of pain, fatigue, and well-being in patients with rheumatic disease: associations with psychological variables. 
  • Influence and stability of pain scale anchors for an investigation of cold pressor pain tolerance. 
  • Influence of nociception and stress-induced antinociception on genetic variation in isoflurane anesthetic potency among mouse strains. 
  • Influence of obesity on surgical regional anesthesia in the ambulatory setting: an analysis of 9,038 blocks. 
  • Influence of perioperative complication severity on 1- and 2-year outcomes of low back surgery. 
  • Influence of psychological factors on risk of temporomandibular disorders. 
  • Initial Content Validation and Roadmap for a New Patient-Reported Outcome Measure of Pain Intensity. 
  • Intensity, location, and quality of pain in Spanish-speaking children with cancer. 
  • Interdisciplinary team-based care for patients with chronic pain on long-term opioid treatment in primary care (PPACT) - Protocol for a pragmatic cluster randomized trial. 
  • International variations in the clinical, diagnostic, and treatment characteristics of emergency department patients with acute heart failure syndromes. 
  • Internet-mediated physiotherapy and pain coping skills training for people with persistent knee pain (IMPACT - knee pain): a randomised controlled trial protocol. 
  • Interpreting the clinical importance of treatment outcomes in chronic pain clinical trials: IMMPACT recommendations. 
  • Interrater reliability and diagnostic accuracy of pelvic girdle pain classification. 
  • Interscalene block with liposomal bupivacaine versus continuous interscalene catheter in primary total shoulder arthroplasty. 
  • Interscalene brachial plexus block with a continuous catheter insertion system and a disposable infusion pump. 
  • Interscalene brachial plexus block with continuous intraarticular infusion of ropivacaine. 
  • Intranasal Ketamine as an Adjunct to Fentanyl for the Prehospital Treatment of Acute Traumatic Pain: Design and Rationale of a Randomized Controlled Trial. 
  • Intraoperative Low-frequency Electroacupuncture under General Anesthesia Improves Postoperative Recovery in a Randomized Trial. 
  • Intraoperative Methadone for the Prevention of Postoperative Pain: A Randomized, Double-blinded Clinical Trial in Cardiac Surgical Patients. 
  • Intraoperative Methadone in Same-Day Ambulatory Surgery: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Dose-Finding Pilot Study. 
  • Intraoperative bupivacaine for reduction of post-tonsillectomy pain: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study of 26 patients. 
  • Intraoperative ketorolac and eye pain after viteoretinal surgery: a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled study. 
  • Intrathecal administration of antisense oligonucleotide against p38α but not p38β MAP kinase isoform reduces neuropathic and postoperative pain and TLR4-induced pain in male mice. 
  • Intrathecal morphine for analgesia after postpartum bilateral tubal ligation. 
  • Intrathecal morphine suppresses immune function in rats with inflammatory-induced pain. 
  • Intrauterine anesthesia for gynecologic procedures: a systematic review. 
  • Intravenous Acetaminophen Does Not Decrease Persistent Surgical Pain After Cardiac Surgery. 
  • Intravenous acetaminophen analgesia after cardiac surgery: A randomized, blinded, controlled superiority trial. 
  • Intravenous and Topical Tranexamic Acid Alone Are Superior to Tourniquet Use for Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Prospective, Randomized Controlled Trial. 
  • Intravenous micronutrient therapy (Myers' Cocktail) for fibromyalgia: a placebo-controlled pilot study. 
  • Introducing the Biennial Review of Pain. 
  • Invertebrate nociception: behaviors, neurons and molecules. 
  • Investigating dynamic pain sensitivity in the context of the fear-avoidance model. 
  • Investigating patient characteristics on pain assessment using virtual human technology. 
  • Investigating the hypoalgesic effects of spinal manipulative therapy using hidden pain conditioning and positive expectation in patients with chronic low back pain: protocol for a randomised controlled trial. 
  • Investigation of central pain processing in postoperative shoulder pain and disability. 
  • Investigation of central pain processing in shoulder pain: converging results from 2 musculoskeletal pain models. 
  • Ionotropic and metabotropic receptors, protein kinase A, protein kinase C, and Src contribute to C-fiber-induced ERK activation and cAMP response element-binding protein phosphorylation in dorsal horn neurons, leading to central sensitization. 
  • Is endogenous D-serine in the rostral anterior cingulate cortex necessary for pain-related negative affect? 
  • Isolated ulnar shortening osteotomy for the treatment of extra-articular distal radius malunion. 
  • J. Leonard Goldner Award 2011: changes in pain, function, and gait mechanics two years following total ankle arthroplasty performed with two modern fixed-bearing prostheses. 
  • Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis: benefits from massage therapy. 
  • KAST Study: The Kiva System As a Vertebral Augmentation Treatment-A Safety and Effectiveness Trial: A Randomized, Noninferiority Trial Comparing the Kiva System With Balloon Kyphoplasty in Treatment of Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures. 
  • Knee osteoarthritis radiographic progression and associations with pain and function prior to knee arthroplasty: a multicenter comparative cohort study. 
  • Laboratory pain perception and clinical pain in post-menopausal women and age-matched men with osteoarthritis: relationship to pain coping and hormonal status. 
  • Lack of evidence for ectopic sprouting of genetically labeled Aβ touch afferents in inflammatory and neuropathic trigeminal pain. 
  • Laminoplasty versus laminectomy with posterior spinal fusion for multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy: influence of cervical alignment on outcomes. 
  • Lateral Thoracolumbar Listhesis as an Independent Predictor of Disability in Adult Scoliosis Patients: Multivariable Assessment Before and After Surgical Realignment. 
  • Letter to the editor: preoperative pain and function profiles reflect consistent TKA patient selection among US surgeons. 
  • Lidocaine patch for acute pain management: a meta-analysis of prospective controlled trials. 
  • Lidocaine patch for postoperative analgesia after radical retropubic prostatectomy. 
  • Lidocaine-Prilocaine Cream Compared With Injected Lidocaine for Vulvar Biopsy: A Randomized Controlled Trial. 
  • Liposomal Bupivacaine Versus Continuous Popliteal Sciatic Nerve Block in Total Ankle Arthroplasty. 
  • Liposomal bupivacaine in forefoot surgery. 
  • Local anesthetics and mode of delivery: bupivacaine versus ropivacaine versus levobupivacaine. 
  • Long-Term Outcomes of Restorative Neurostimulation in Patients With Refractory Chronic Low Back Pain Secondary to Multifidus Dysfunction: Two-Year Results of the ReActiv8-B Pivotal Trial. 
  • Long-lasting delayed hyperalgesia after subchronic swim stress. 
  • Long-term administration of controlled-release oxycodone tablets for the treatment of cancer pain. 
  • Long-term results after Russe bone-grafting: the effect of malunion of the scaphoid. 
  • Long-term results of debridement and primary repair of peroneal tendon tears. 
  • Longer Delay From Chronic Pain to Spinal Cord Stimulation Results in Higher Healthcare Resource Utilization. 
  • Longitudinal Monitoring of Pain Associated Distress With the Optimal Screening for Prediction of Referral and Outcome Yellow Flag Tool: Predicting Reduction in Pain Intensity and Disability. 
  • Longitudinal changes in psychosocial factors and their association with knee pain and function after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. 
  • Longitudinal study of the carrier testing process for fragile X syndrome: perceptions and coping. 
  • Loving-kindness meditation for chronic low back pain: results from a pilot trial. 
  • Low Risk for Persistent Back Pain Disability Is Characterized by Lower Pain Sensitivity and Higher Physical Performance. 
  • Low back pain as perceived by the pain specialist. 
  • Low back pain subgroups using fear-avoidance model measures: results of a cluster analysis. 
  • Low interscalene block provides reliable anesthesia for surgery at or about the elbow. 
  • Lower Satisfaction After Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery in Japan Than in the United States Despite Similar SRS-22 Pain and Function Scores: A Propensity-Score Matched Analysis. 
  • Macrophage Toll-like Receptor 9 Contributes to Chemotherapy-Induced Neuropathic Pain in Male Mice. 
  • Macrophage proresolving mediator maresin 1 stimulates tissue regeneration and controls pain. 
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging Characterization and Clinical Outcomes After NeoCart Surgical Therapy as a Primary Reparative Treatment for Knee Cartilage Injuries. 
  • Magnitude of spinal muscle damage is not statistically associated with exercise-induced low back pain intensity. 
  • Man With Sharp Periumbilical Pain. 
  • Management of peripheral triangular fibrocartilage complex tears in the ulnar positive patient: arthroscopic repair versus ulnar shortening osteotomy. 
  • Management of the symptomatic wrist following distal ulna resection. 
  • Manual therapy provided by physical therapists in a hospital-based setting: a retrospective analysis. 
  • Massage Therapy and Quality of Life in Osteoarthritis of the Knee: A Qualitative Study. 
  • Massage therapy for osteoarthritis of the knee: a randomized controlled trial. 
  • Massage therapy for osteoarthritis of the knee: a randomized dose-finding trial. 
  • Measurement Properties of the Oswestry Disability Index in Recipients of Lumbar Spine Surgery. 
  • Measurement of affective and activity pain interference using the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI): Cancer and Leukemia Group B 70903. 
  • Measurement of behavioral response to pain 
  • Measurement of pain: self-report strategies 
  • Measurement of synovial fluid volume using urea. 
  • Measures of arch height and their relationship to pain and dysfunction in people with lower limb impairments. 
  • Measuring shoulder function with the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index. 
  • Mechanical sensation and pain thresholds in patients with chronic arthropathies. 
  • Melanocortin-1 receptor gene variants affect pain and mu-opioid analgesia in mice and humans. 
  • Meta-analysis of pain and function placebo responses in pharmacological osteoarthritis trials. 
  • Methodological Considerations for the Temporal Summation of Second Pain. 
  • Mice deficient in endothelin-converting enzyme-2 exhibit abnormal responses to morphine and altered peptide levels in the spinal cord. 
  • Microvascular decompression for glossopharyngeal neuralgia: long-term effectiveness and complication avoidance. 
  • Midterm Outcomes of a Fixed-Bearing Total Ankle Arthroplasty With Deformity Analysis. 
  • Minimal Clinically Important Differences for PROMIS Physical Function, Upper Extremity, and Pain Interference in Carpal Tunnel Release Using Region- and Condition-Specific PROM Tools. 
  • Minimum effective dose of spinal ropivacaine with and without fentanyl for postpartum tubal ligation. 
  • Minocycline can delay the development of morphine tolerance, but cannot reverse existing tolerance in the maintenance period of neuropathic pain in rats. 
  • Mispredictions and misrecollections: challenges for subjective outcome measurement. 
  • Model-based pain and function outcome trajectory types for patients undergoing knee arthroplasty: a secondary analysis from a randomized clinical trial. 
  • Moderate chronic pain, weight and dietary intake in African-American adult patients with sickle cell disease. 
  • Modified bone block distraction arthrodesis of the hallux metatarsophalangeal joint. 
  • Modulation of activity and conduction in single dorsal column axons by kilohertz-frequency spinal cord stimulation. 
  • Molecular genetic mechanisms of allelic specific regulation of murine Comt expression. 
  • Morbidity of DSM-IV Axis I disorders in patients with noncardiac chest pain: Psychiatric morbidity linked with increased pain and health care utilization. 
  • More educated emergency department patients are less likely to receive opioids for acute pain. 
  • Motion versus fixed distraction of the joint in the treatment of ankle osteoarthritis: a prospective randomized controlled trial. 
  • Mouse model of OPRM1 (A118G) polymorphism has sex-specific effects on drug-mediated behavior. 
  • Movement-evoked pain: transforming the way we understand and measure pain. 
  • Multicolumn spinal cord stimulation for predominant back pain in failed back surgery syndrome patients: a multicenter randomized controlled trial. 
  • Multidimensional Pain Inventory-Screening Chinese version (MPI-sC): psychometric testing in terminal cancer patients in Taiwan. 
  • Multidimensional Perioperative Recovery Trajectories in a Mixed Surgical Cohort: A Longitudinal Cluster Analysis Utilizing National Institutes of Health Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System Measures. 
  • Multidisciplinary management of cancer pain: a longitudinal retrospective study on a cohort of end-stage cancer patients. 
  • Multifactorial assessment of measurement errors affecting intraoral quantitative sensory testing reliability. 
  • Multimodal Pain Management for Major Joint Replacement Surgery. 
  • Multisystem dysregulation in painful temporomandibular disorders. 
  • Muscarinic supersensitivity and impaired receptor desensitization in G protein-coupled receptor kinase 5-deficient mice. 
  • Musculocutaneous nerve entrapment revisited. 
  • National dissemination of cognitive-behavioral therapy for chronic pain in veterans: therapist and patient-level outcomes. 
  • Natural history of paclitaxel-associated acute pain syndrome: prospective cohort study NCCTG N08C1. 
  • Needle preference in patients receiving cosmetic botulinum toxin type A. 
  • Nerve conduction blockade in the sciatic nerve prevents but does not reverse the activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in spinal microglia in the rat spared nerve injury model. 
  • Neuroimaging of Pain: Human Evidence and Clinical Relevance of Central Nervous System Processes and Modulation. 
  • Neurological symptoms and deficits in adults with scoliosis who present to a surgical clinic: incidence and association with the choice of operative versus nonoperative management. 
  • Neuronal apoptosis associated with morphine tolerance: evidence for an opioid-induced neurotoxic mechanism. 
  • Neuropathic Ocular Pain due to Dry Eye is Associated with Multiple Comorbid Chronic Pain Syndromes. 
  • Neuropathic pain phenotyping by international consensus (NeuroPPIC) for genetic studies: a NeuPSIG systematic review, Delphi survey, and expert panel recommendations. 
  • Neurosteroids and self-reported pain in veterans who served in the U.S. Military after September 11, 2001. 
  • New developments in the treatment of acute pain after thoracic surgery. 
  • New directions in research on pain and ethnicity: a comment on Riley, Wade, Myers, Sheffield, Pappas, and Price (2002). 
  • Nicotine for postoperative analgesia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 
  • No man is an island: living in a disadvantaged neighborhood influences chronic pain development after motor vehicle collision. 
  • Nociceptive-specific activation of ERK in spinal neurons contributes to pain hypersensitivity. 
  • Non-verbal cues to osteoarthritic knee and/or hip pain in elders. 
  • Nonsurgical Management of Midsubstance Achilles Tendinopathy. 
  • Novel adamantyl cannabinoids as CB1 receptor probes. 
  • Nuclear factor-kappa B regulates pain and COMT expression in a rodent model of inflammation. 
  • Nurse practitioners can effectively deliver pain coping skills training to osteoarthritis patients with chronic pain: A randomized, controlled trial. 
  • OA phenotypes, rather than disease stage, drive structural progression--identification of structural progressors from 2 phase III randomized clinical studies with symptomatic knee OA. 
  • Obese Patients Benefit, but do not Fare as Well as Nonobese Patients, Following Lumbar Spondylolisthesis Surgery: An Analysis of the Quality Outcomes Database. 
  • Objective assessment of vaginal surgical skills. 
  • Older Age as a Prognostic Factor of Attenuated Pain Recovery After Shoulder Arthroscopy. 
  • Older US emergency department patients are less likely to receive pain medication than younger patients: results from a national survey. 
  • Older spouses' perceptions of partners' chronic arthritis pain: implications for spousal responses, support provision, and caregiving experiences. 
  • One size does not fit all-mobility device type affects speed, collisions, fatigue, and pain. 
  • One- and two-item measures of pain beliefs and coping strategies. 
  • Operative versus nonoperative treatment of leg pain in adults with scoliosis: a retrospective review of a prospective multicenter database with two-year follow-up. 
  • Opioid management and dependency among adult patients with sickle cell disease. 
  • Opioid-volatile anesthetic synergy: a response surface model with remifentanil and sevoflurane as prototypes. 
  • Optimal Screening for Prediction of Referral and Outcome (OSPRO) for Musculoskeletal Pain Conditions: Results From the Validation Cohort. 
  • Optimal interval for hot water immersion tail-flick test in rats. 
  • Optimism Moderates the Influence of Pain Catastrophizing on Shoulder Pain Outcome: A Longitudinal Analysis. 
  • Optimizing and Accelerating the Development of Precision Pain Treatments for Chronic Pain: IMMPACT Review and Recommendations. 
  • Optimizing delivery of a behavioral pain intervention in cancer patients using a sequential multiple assignment randomized trial SMART. 
  • Optimizing treatment protocols for spinal manipulative therapy: study protocol for a randomized trial. 
  • Oral Multimodal Analgesia for Total Joint Arthroplasty. 
  • Orthotopic liver transplant patients require less postoperative morphine than do patients undergoing hepatic resection. 
  • Osteoarthritis physical activity care pathway (OA-PCP): results of a feasibility trial. 
  • Osteocel Plus cellular allograft in anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: evaluation of clinical and radiographic outcomes from a prospective multicenter study. 
  • Outcome measurement in behavioral headache research: headache parameters and psychosocial outcomes. 
  • Outcome of posterior ankle arthroscopy for hindfoot impingement. 
  • Overlapping Chronic Pain Conditions: Implications for Diagnosis and Classification. 
  • P-glycoprotein is a major determinant of norbuprenorphine brain exposure and antinociception. 
  • PROMIS measures of pain, fatigue, negative affect, physical function, and social function demonstrated clinical validity across a range of chronic conditions. 
  • PTSD Symptoms and Acute Pain in the Emergency Department: The Roles of Vulnerability and Resilience Factors Among Low-income, Inner-city Women. 
  • Pain Control in Breast Surgery: Survey of Current Practice and Recommendations for Optimizing Management-American Society of Breast Surgeons Opioid/Pain Control Workgroup. 
  • Pain Coping Skills Training for Patients Who Catastrophize About Pain Prior to Knee Arthroplasty: A Multisite Randomized Clinical Trial. 
  • Pain Intensity and Pain Interference in Patients With Lung Cancer: A Pilot Study of Biopsychosocial Predictors. 
  • Pain Management for Orthopedic Injuries. 
  • Pain Management in Patients With Hidradenitis Suppurativa Requiring Surgery. 
  • Pain Phenotypes and Associated Clinical Risk Factors Following Traumatic Amputation: Results from Veterans Integrated Pain Evaluation Research (VIPER). 
  • Pain Sensitivity and Pain Catastrophizing Are Associated With Persistent Pain and Disability After Lumbar Spine Surgery. 
  • Pain after percutaneous nephrolithotomy: impact of nephrostomy tube size. 
  • Pain and activity after vaginal reconstructive surgery for pelvic organ prolapse and stress urinary incontinence. 
  • Pain and disability determine treatment modality for older patients with adult scoliosis, while deformity guides treatment for younger patients. 
  • Pain and itch outcome trajectories differ among European American and African American survivors of major thermal burn injury. 
  • Pain and other non-neurological adverse events in children with sickle cell anemia and previous stroke who received hydroxyurea and phlebotomy or chronic transfusions and chelation: results from the SWiTCH clinical trial. 
  • Pain as an indication for rib fixation: a bi-institutional pilot study. 
  • Pain assessment and treatment decisions for virtual human patients. 
  • Pain assessment and treatment disparities: a virtual human technology investigation. 
  • Pain behavior in rheumatoid arthritis patients: identification of pain behavior subgroups. 
  • Pain beliefs and the use of cognitive-behavioral coping strategies. 
  • Pain catastrophizing in borderline morbidly obese and morbidly obese individuals with osteoarthritic knee pain. 
  • Pain catastrophizing predicts pain intensity during a neurodynamic test for the median nerve in healthy participants. 
  • Pain communication in the context of osteoarthritis: patient and partner self-efficacy for pain communication and holding back from discussion of pain and arthritis-related concerns. 
  • Pain coping in Latino populations. 
  • Pain coping skills training for African Americans with osteoarthritis (STAART): study protocol of a randomized controlled trial. 
  • Pain coping skills training for African Americans with osteoarthritis study: baseline participant characteristics and comparison to prior studies. 
  • Pain coping skills training for African Americans with osteoarthritis: results of a randomized controlled trial. 
  • Pain diaries. For providers, nuanced data; for patients, a sense of control. 
  • Pain during mammography: characteristics and relationship to demographic and medical variables. 
  • Pain in children: progress and challenges 
  • Pain in depression: STAR*D study findings. 
  • Pain in nursing home residents: an exploration of prevalence, staff perspectives, and practical aspects of measurement. 
  • Pain in the emergency department: results of the pain and emergency medicine initiative (PEMI) multicenter study. 
  • Pain in young adults: I. Relationship to gender and family pain history. 
  • Pain measurement in elders with chronic low back pain: traditional and alternative approaches. 
  • Pain medication management in nursing homes and nursing scope of practice. 
  • Pain perception with cervical tenaculum placement during intrauterine device insertion: a randomised controlled trial. 
  • Pain prediction by serum biomarkers of bone turnover in people with knee osteoarthritis: an observational study of TRAcP5b and cathepsin K in OA. 
  • Pain predicts overall survival in men with metastatic castration-refractory prostate cancer. 
  • Pain quality of life as measured by utilities. 
  • Pain sensitivity and autonomic factors associated with development of TMD: the OPPERA prospective cohort study. 
  • Pain sensitivity and saccharin intake in alcohol-preferring and -nonpreferring rat strains. 
  • Pain sensitivity and vasopressin analgesia are mediated by a gene-sex-environment interaction. 
  • Pain sensitivity subgroups in individuals with spine pain: potential relevance to short-term clinical outcome. 
  • Pain, functional disability, and their Association in Juvenile Fibromyalgia Compared to other pediatric rheumatic diseases. 
  • Pain, physical functioning, and overeating in obese rheumatoid arthritis patients: do thoughts about pain and eating matter? 
  • Pain, quality of life, and spinal accessory nerve status after neck dissection. 
  • Painful Temporomandibular Disorder: Decade of Discovery from OPPERA Studies. 
  • Painful physical symptoms and treatment outcome in major depressive disorder: a STAR*D (Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression) report. 
  • Paradigm Shift in Geriatric Low Back Pain Management: Integrating Influences, Experiences, and Consequences. 
  • Paravertebral Block for Inguinal Herniorrhaphy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. 
  • Paravertebral block anesthesia for inguinal hernia repair. 
  • Paravertebral somatic nerve block compared with peripheral nerve blocks for outpatient inguinal herniorrhaphy. 
  • Paravertebral somatic nerve blocks for breast surgery in a patient with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy. 
  • Parental Perceptions of Pediatric Pain and POTS-Related Disability. 
  • Partner-delivered reflexology: effects on cancer pain and anxiety. 
  • Patient Characteristics, Treatment, and Presenting PROMIS Scores Associated with Number of Office Visits for Traumatic Hand and Wrist Conditions. 
  • Patient Satisfaction After Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery Does Not Strongly Correlate With Health-Related Quality of Life Scores, Radiographic Parameters, or Occurrence of Complications. 
  • Patient controlled analgesia: the relation of psychological factors to pain and analgesic use in adolescents with postoperative pain. 
  • Patient preferences of cosmesis for abdominal incisions in gynecologic surgery. 
  • Patient-Reported Chronic Pain Intensity: More Than Meets the Eye. 
  • Patient-Reported Outcomes after Laparoscopic Ventral Hernia Repair. 
  • Patient-Reported Outcomes, Function, and Gait Mechanics After Fixed and Mobile-Bearing Total Ankle Replacement. 
  • Patient-centered outcomes for frequent headaches. 
  • Patient-centered outcomes of high-velocity, low-amplitude spinal manipulation for low back pain: a systematic review. 
  • Patient-controlled analgesia in postoperative pain: the relation of psychological factors to pain and analgesic use. 
  • Patient-defined desired outcome, success criteria, and expectation in outpatient physical therapy: a longitudinal assessment. 
  • Pectoral Fascial (PECS) I and II Blocks as Rescue Analgesia in a Patient Undergoing Minimally Invasive Cardiac Surgery. 
  • Pediatric pain practices: a national survey of health professionals 
  • Performance of global assessments of hip, knee, and back symptom change. 
  • Perioperative Glucocorticoid Administration Improves Elbow Motion in Terrible Triad Injuries. 
  • Perioperative pharmacokinetics of methadone in adolescents. 
  • Peripheral axonal injury results in reduced mu opioid receptor pre- and post-synaptic action in the spinal cord. 
  • Peripheral noxious stimulation induces phosphorylation of the NMDA receptor NR1 subunit at the PKC-dependent site, serine-896, in spinal cord dorsal horn neurons. 
  • Persistent Breast Pain Among Women With Histories of Breast-conserving Surgery for Breast Cancer Compared With Women Without Histories of Breast Surgery or Cancer. 
  • Persistent Catechol-O-methyltransferase-dependent Pain Is Initiated by Peripheral β-Adrenergic Receptors. 
  • Persistent Opioid Use and High-Risk Prescribing in Body Contouring Patients. 
  • Persistent Pain Among Older Adults Discharged Home From the Emergency Department After Motor Vehicle Crash: A Prospective Cohort Study. 
  • Persistent smoking after a diagnosis of lung cancer is associated with higher reported pain levels. 
  • Phase 2, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-response trial of intravenous adenosine for perioperative analgesia. 
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activates ERK in primary sensory neurons and mediates inflammatory heat hyperalgesia through TRPV1 sensitization. 
  • Physical Performance Tests Provide Distinct Information in Both Predicting and Assessing Patient-Reported Outcomes Following Lumbar Spine Surgery. 
  • Physical Therapist-Delivered Pain Coping Skills Training and Exercise for Knee Osteoarthritis: Randomized Controlled Trial. 
  • Physical Therapy Use, Costs, and Value for Latent Classes of Good vs Poor Outcome in Patients Who Catastrophize About Their Pain Prior to Knee Arthroplasty. 
  • Physical Therapy versus Glucocorticoid Injection for Osteoarthritis of the Knee. 
  • Physical examination tests for assessing a torn meniscus in the knee: a systematic review with meta-analysis. 
  • Physical pain and musculoskeletal discomfort in vascular surgeons. 
  • Pilot study of massage in veterans with knee osteoarthritis. 
  • Pilot study of pain and coping among patients with osteoarthritis: a daily diary analysis. 
  • Polymorphisms in the glucocorticoid receptor co-chaperone FKBP5 predict persistent musculoskeletal pain after traumatic stress exposure. 
  • Positive outcomes with intra-articular glenohumeral injections are independent of accuracy. 
  • Post-Pancreaticoduodenectomy Outcomes and Epidural Analgesia: A 5-year Single-Institution Experience. 
  • Post-Thoracotomy Pain: Current Strategies for Prevention and Treatment. 
  • Posterolateral Knee Reconstruction Versus Repair. 
  • Postoperative Opioid Prescribing and the Pain Scores on Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems Survey. 
  • Postoperative Pain Management in Children of Hispanic Origin: A Descriptive Cohort Study. 
  • Postoperative pain after cesarean section: assessment and management in a tertiary hospital in a low-income country. 
  • Pragmatic Implementation of a Stratified Primary Care Model for Low Back Pain Management in Outpatient Physical Therapy Settings: Two-Phase, Sequential Preliminary Study. 
  • Precipitous Dehydroepiandrosterone Declines Reflect Decreased Physical Vitality and Function. 
  • Predicting Outcomes After Distal Radius Fracture: A 24-Center International Clinical Trial of Older Adults. 
  • Predicting Pain and Disability After Shoulder Arthroscopy: Rotator Cuff Tear Severity and Concomitant Arthroscopic Procedures. 
  • Predicting Severity of Acute Pain After Cesarean Delivery: A Narrative Review. 
  • Prediction of Persistent Musculoskeletal Pain at 12 Months: A Secondary Analysis of the Optimal Screening for Prediction of Referral and Outcome (OSPRO) Validation Cohort Study. 
  • Prediction of healthcare utilization following an episode of physical therapy for musculoskeletal pain. 
  • Prediction of survival following first-line chemotherapy in men with castration-resistant metastatic prostate cancer. 
  • Predictive Validity of Radiographic Trabecular Bone Texture in Knee Osteoarthritis: The Osteoarthritis Research Society International/Foundation for the National Institutes of Health Osteoarthritis Biomarkers Consortium. 
  • Predictive validity of biochemical biomarkers in knee osteoarthritis: data from the FNIH OA Biomarkers Consortium. 
  • Predictors and Outcomes of Crossover to Surgery from Physical Therapy for Meniscal Tear and Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Trial Comparing Physical Therapy and Surgery. 
  • Predictors of Post-Operative Pain Relief in Patients with Chronic Pancreatitis Undergoing the Frey or Whipple Procedure. 
  • Predictors of Superior Recovery Kinetics in Adult Cervical Deformity Correction: An Analysis Using a Novel Area Under the Curve Methodology. 
  • Predictors of occurrence and severity of first time low back pain episodes: findings from a military inception cohort. 
  • Predictors of pain and disability outcomes in one thousand, one hundred and eight patients who underwent lumbar discectomy surgery. 
  • Predictors of pain experienced by women during percutaneous imaging-guided breast biopsies. 
  • Predictors of pain self-report in nursing home residents. 
  • Predictors of postherpetic neuralgia among patients with herpes zoster: a prospective study. 
  • Predictors of postoperative movement and resting pain following total knee replacement. 
  • Predictors of response to pain management treatment. The role of family environment and changes in cognitive processes. 
  • Predictors of web-based follow-up response in the Prevention Of Low Back Pain In The Military Trial (POLM). 
  • Preemptive Oral Acetaminophen for Women Undergoing Total Laparoscopic Hysterectomy. 
  • Preference, expectation, and satisfaction in a clinical trial of behavioral interventions for acute and sub-acute low back pain. 
  • Preincisional intravenous pentoxifylline attenuating perioperative cytokine response, reducing morphine consumption, and improving recovery of bowel function in patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery. 
  • Preliminary Evaluation of a Modified STarT Back Screening Tool Across Different Musculoskeletal Pain Conditions. 
  • Premorbid and concurrent predictors of TMD onset and persistence. 
  • Preoperative lumbar epidural morphine improves postoperative analgesia and ventilatory function after transsternal thymectomy in patients with myasthenia gravis. 
  • Preoperative pain catastrophizing predicts pain outcome after knee arthroplasty. 
  • Preoperative pain level and patient expectation predict hospital length of stay after total hip arthroplasty. 
  • Prevalence, severity, and impact of foraminal and canal stenosis among adults with degenerative scoliosis. 
  • Preventing pain during office biopsy of the prostate: a single center, prospective, double-blind, 3-arm, parallel group, randomized clinical trial. 
  • Progressing toward, and recovering from, knee replacement surgery: a five-year cohort study. 
  • Prospective Evaluation of Structural Allograft Transplantation for Osteochondral Lesions of the Talar Shoulder. 
  • Prospective Mediation Models of Sleep, Pain, and Daily Function in Children With Arthritis Using Ecological Momentary Assessment. 
  • Prospective evaluation of pain medication requirements and recovery after radical perineal prostatectomy. 
  • Prospective, Observational Study of Opioid Use After Hip Arthroscopy for Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome. 
  • Prospective, Randomized, Controlled Comparison of Bupivacaine versus Liposomal Bupivacaine for Pain Management after Unilateral Delayed Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator Free Flap Reconstruction. 
  • Prostate-specific antigen and pain surrogacy analysis in metastatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer. 
  • Psychologic influence on experimental pain sensitivity and clinical pain intensity for patients with shoulder pain. 
  • Psychological Factors Are Related to Pain Intensity in Back-Healthy People Who Develop Clinically Relevant Pain During Prolonged Standing: A Preliminary Study. 
  • Psychological adjustment of adults with sickle cell anemia: stability over 20 months, correlates, and predictors. 
  • Psychological approaches to understanding and treating arthritis pain. 
  • Psychological determinants of problematic outcomes following Total Knee Arthroplasty. 
  • Psychological influences predict recovery following exercise induced shoulder pain. 
  • Psychological predictors of recovery from low back pain: a prospective study. 
  • Psychologically informed interventions for low back pain: an update for physical therapists. 
  • Psychometric Testing of the Defense and Veterans Pain Rating Scale (DVPRS): A New Pain Scale for Military Population. 
  • Psychometric examination of the Persian version of Osteoarthritis Knee and Hip Quality of Life questionnaire. 
  • Psychosocial assessment of pain in patients having rheumatic diseases. 
  • Psychosocial factors and surgical outcomes: are elderly depressed patients less satisfied with surgery? 
  • Psychosocial factors in low back pain: letting go of our misconceptions can help management. 
  • Pubic Bone Resection Provides Objective Pain Control in the Prostate Cancer Survivor With Pubic Bone Osteomyelitis With an Associated Urinary Tract to Pubic Symphysis Fistula. 
  • Pulse Width Affects Scalp Sensation of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation. 
  • Quality improvement initiative for chronic pain assessment and management in the nursing home: a pilot study. 
  • Quality of life during treatment with haloperidol or olanzapine in the year following a first psychotic episode. 
  • Quantification of condylar resorption in temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis. 
  • Quantitative trait locus and computational mapping identifies Kcnj9 (GIRK3) as a candidate gene affecting analgesia from multiple drug classes. 
  • Racial Differences in Pain and Function Following Knee Arthroplasty: A Secondary Analysis From a Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial. 
  • Racial Differences in Performance-Based Function and Potential Explanatory Factors Among Individuals With Knee Osteoarthritis. 
  • Racial differences in analgesic/anti-inflammatory medication use and perceptions of efficacy. 
  • Racial differences in osteoarthritis pain and function: potential explanatory factors. 
  • Racial differences in self-reported pain and function among individuals with radiographic hip and knee osteoarthritis: the Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project. 
  • Racial variations in self-reported osteoarthritis symptom severity among veterans. 
  • Radiofrequency Ablation for the Palliative Treatment of Bone Metastases: Outcomes from the Multicenter OsteoCool Tumor Ablation Post-Market Study (OPuS One Study) in 100 Patients. 
  • Radiographical and Implant-Related Complications in Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery: Incidence, Patient Risk Factors, and Impact on Health-Related Quality of Life. 
  • Randomized controlled trial investigating the effect of transcervical papaverine and bupivacaine on postoperative analgesia following laparoscopic sterilization. 
  • Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of cisplatin and etoposide plus megestrol acetate/placebo in extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer: a North Central Cancer Treatment Group study. 
  • Randomized trial assessing the impact of a musculoskeletal intervention for pain before participating in a weight management program. 
  • Randomized trial of sertraline in patients with unexplained chest pain of noncardiac origin. 
  • Randomized trial of transversus abdominis plane block with liposomal bupivacaine after cesarean delivery with or without intrathecal morphine. 
  • Range of motion as a predictor of clinical shoulder pain during recovery from delayed-onset muscle soreness. 
  • Rationale, design, and protocol for the prevention of low back pain in the military (POLM) trial (NCT00373009). 
  • Re: Pietrobon R, Coeytaux RR, Carey TS, et al. Standard scales for measurement of functional outcome for cervical pain or dysfunction: a systematic review. Spine 2002;27:515-22. 
  • Recognizing pain as a component of the primary assessment: adding D for discomfort to the ABCs. 
  • Recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor-BB and beta-tricalcium phosphate (rhPDGF-BB/β-TCP): an alternative to autogenous bone graft. 
  • Reconstruction for chronic Achilles tendinopathy: comparison of flexor hallucis longus (FHL) transfer versus V-Y advancement. 
  • Reduced length of hospital stay in colorectal surgery after implementation of an enhanced recovery protocol. 
  • Reduction in Opioid Prescribing Through Evidence-Based Prescribing Guidelines. 
  • Relationship Between Pain Catastrophizing and 6-Month Outcomes Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction. 
  • Relationship between categorization with the STarT Back Screening Tool and prognosis for people receiving physical therapy for low back pain. 
  • Relationship between persistent pain and 5-year mortality: a population-based prospective cohort study. 
  • Relationship between temporomandibular disorders, widespread palpation tenderness, and multiple pain conditions: a case-control study. 
  • Relationship of ethnicity, gender, and ambulatory blood pressure to pain sensitivity: effects of individualized pain rating scales. 
  • Relationship of intersession variation in negative pain-related affect and responses to thermally-evoked pain. 
  • Relationship of laparoscopic findings to self-report of pelvic pain. 
  • Relationships Between Sleep Quality and Pain-Related Factors for People with Chronic Low Back Pain: Tests of Reciprocal and Time of Day Effects. 
  • Relationships between changes in patient-reported health status and functional capacity in outpatients with heart failure. 
  • Reliability and convergent validity of two outcome instruments for pemphigus. 
  • Reliability and relationship of the fear-avoidance beliefs questionnaire with the shoulder pain and disability index and numeric pain rating scale in patients with shoulder pain. 
  • Reliability of a preliminary 3-D pain mapping program. 
  • Religiosity/spirituality and pain in patients with sickle cell disease. 
  • Religious coping in the nursing home: a biopsychosocial model. 
  • Remifentanil for labor pain: is the drug or the method the problem? 
  • Reminders of cancer risk and pain catastrophizing: relationships with cancer worry and perceived risk in women with a first-degree relative with breast cancer. 
  • Repeat exposure to ciguatoxin leads to enhanced and sustained thermoregulatory, pain threshold and motor activity responses in mice: relationship to blood ciguatoxin concentrations. 
  • Report of the NIH Task Force on Research Standards for Chronic Low Back Pain. 
  • Report of the NIH Task Force on research standards for chronic low back pain. 
  • Report of the NIH Task Force on research standards for chronic low back pain. 
  • Report of the NIH task force on research standards for chronic low back pain. 
  • Research design considerations for confirmatory chronic pain clinical trials: IMMPACT recommendations. 
  • Resection of the scaphoid distal pole for symptomatic scaphoid nonunion after failed previous surgical treatment. 
  • Residual limb pain is not a diagnosis: a proposed algorithm to classify postamputation pain. 
  • Resistance exercise, disability, and pain catastrophizing in obese adults with back pain. 
  • Resolving TRPV1- and TNF-α-mediated spinal cord synaptic plasticity and inflammatory pain with neuroprotectin D1. 
  • Responsiveness to Change in PROMIS(®) Measures among Children with Asthma: A Report from the PROMIS(®) Pediatric Asthma Study. 
  • Restricted activity and persistent pain following motor vehicle collision among older adults: a multicenter prospective cohort study. 
  • Results and complications of total hip arthroplasties in patients with sickle-cell hemoglobinopathies. Role of cementless components. 
  • Results of a pilot multicenter genotype-based randomized placebo-controlled trial of propranolol to reduce pain after major thermal burn injury. 
  • Results of surgical treatment of painful adult scoliosis. 
  • Retrospective review of eighteen patients who underwent transtibial amputation for intractable pain. 
  • Return to preinjury sports participation following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: contributions of demographic, knee impairment, and self-report measures. 
  • Revision lumbar surgery in elderly patients with symptomatic pseudarthrosis, adjacent-segment disease, or same-level recurrent stenosis. Part 2. A cost-effectiveness analysis: clinical article. 
  • Risk factors for infection and amputation following open, combat-related calcaneal fractures. 
  • Risk factors for severe acute pain and persistent pain after surgery for breast cancer: a prospective observational study. 
  • Rituximab in the treatment of refractory adult and juvenile dermatomyositis and adult polymyositis: a randomized, placebo-phase trial. 
  • Role of self-efficacy for pain management and pain catastrophizing in the relationship between pain severity and depressive symptoms in women with breast cancer and pain. 
  • Ropivacaine and Ketorolac Wound Infusion for Post-Cesarean Delivery Analgesia: A Randomized Controlled Trial. 
  • SRS-22R Minimum Clinically Important Difference and Substantial Clinical Benefit After Adult Lumbar Scoliosis Surgery. 
  • Sacroiliac joint radiofrequency ablation with a multilesion probe: a case series of 60 patients. 
  • Safety and efficacy of pregabalin in adolescents with fibromyalgia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial and a 6-month open-label extension study. 
  • Safety in Acute Pain Medicine-Pharmacologic Considerations and the Impact of Systems-Based Gaps. 
  • Salvage C2 ganglionectomy after C2 nerve root decompression provides similar pain relief as a single surgical procedure for intractable occipital neuralgia. 
  • Scaphoid nonunions treated with 2 headless compression screws and bone grafting. 
  • Screening for distress in patients with brain cancer using the NCCN's rapid screening measure. 
  • Screening for problematic low back pain: STarT. 
  • Second-generation proximally coated titanium femoral component: minimum 7-year results. 
  • Selective inhibition of JNK with a peptide inhibitor attenuates pain hypersensitivity and tumor growth in a mouse skin cancer pain model. 
  • Selective role for TRPV4 ion channels in visceral sensory pathways. 
  • Self-efficacy and pain behavior among subjects with fibromyalgia. 
  • Self-efficacy and pain catastrophizing in systemic lupus erythematosus: relationship to pain, stiffness, fatigue, and psychological distress. 
  • Self-efficacy for arthritis pain: relationship to perception of thermal laboratory pain stimuli. 
  • Self-reported pain and disability outcomes from an endogenous model of muscular back pain. 
  • Self-reported pain and disease symptoms persist in juvenile idiopathic arthritis despite treatment advances: an electronic diary study. 
  • Self-reports of pain intensity and direct observations of pain behavior: when are they correlated? 
  • Sensitization to Acute Procedural Pain in Pediatric Sickle Cell Disease: Modulation by Painful Vaso-occlusive Episodes, Age, and Endothelin-1 
  • Sertraline as a first-line treatment for cholestatic pruritus. 
  • Severity of appendicitis correlates with the pediatric appendicitis score. 
  • Sex and pain-related psychological variables are associated with thermal pain sensitivity for patients with chronic low back pain. 
  • Sex differences in experimental and clinical pain sensitivity for patients with shoulder pain. 
  • Sex differences in pain anchors revisited: further investigation of "most intense" and common pain events. 
  • Sex differences in pain drawing area for individuals with chronic musculoskeletal pain. 
  • Sex differences in the associations among psychological factors and pain report: a novel psychophysical study of patients with chronic low back pain. 
  • Sex-Dependent Glial Signaling in Pathological Pain: Distinct Roles of Spinal Microglia and Astrocytes. 
  • Sickle cell disease pain in children and adolescents: change in pain frequency and coping strategies over time. 
  • Significance of cold intolerance in upper extremity disorders. 
  • Similar Effects of Thrust and Nonthrust Spinal Manipulation Found in Adults With Subacute and Chronic Low Back Pain: A Controlled Trial With Adaptive Allocation. 
  • Single-center North American experience with wolf Piezolith 3000 in management of urinary calculi. 
  • Single-dose extended-release epidural morphine for pain following hip arthroplasty. 
  • Single-incision medial approach for double arthrodesis of hindfoot in posterior tibialis tendon dysfunction. 
  • Sleep disturbance and pain in an obese residential treatment-seeking population. 
  • Small-dose intrathecal lidocaine versus ropivacaine for anorectal surgery in an ambulatory setting. 
  • Social context of pain in children with Juvenile Primary Fibromyalgia Syndrome: parental pain history and family environment. 
  • Social modulation of pain as evidence for empathy in mice. 
  • Social support and experimental pain. 
  • Social support and pain behavior. 
  • Somatization in the conceptualization of sickle cell disease. 
  • Spillover Effect of Evidence-Based Postoperative Opioid Prescribing. 
  • Spinal manipulative therapy has an immediate effect on thermal pain sensitivity in people with low back pain: a randomized controlled trial. 
  • Spinal manipulative therapy-specific changes in pain sensitivity in individuals with low back pain (NCT01168999). 
  • Spondyloarthritis in a patient with unilateral buttock pain and history of Crohn disease. 
  • Spondylolysis of C-2 in 2 athletically active individuals. 
  • Spontaneous coping strategies to manage acute pain and anxiety during electrodiagnostic studies. 
  • Spouse criticism and hostility during marital interaction: effects on pain intensity and behaviors among individuals with chronic low back pain. 
  • Spouse-assisted training in pain coping skills and the outcome of multidisciplinary pain management for chronic low back pain treatment: a 1-year randomized controlled trial. 
  • Stability of conditioned pain modulation in two musculoskeletal pain models: investigating the influence of shoulder pain intensity and gender. 
  • Standard scales for measurement of functional outcome for cervical pain or dysfunction: a systematic review. 
  • Star-Shape Kinesio Taping Is Not Better Than a Minimal Intervention or Sham Kinesio Taping for Pain Intensity and Postural Control in Chronic Low Back Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial. 
  • Static and Dynamic Pain Sensitivity in Adults With Persistent Low Back Pain: Comparison to Healthy Controls and Associations With Movement-evoked Pain Versus Traditional Clinical Pain Measures. 
  • Stent placement for the diagnosis of upper tract obstruction. 
  • Stress fractures and stress reactions of the diaphyseal femur in collegiate athletes: an analysis of 25 cases. 
  • Stress-induced hyperalgesia is associated with a reduced and delayed GABA inhibitory control that enhances post-synaptic NMDA receptor activation in the spinal cord. 
  • Stress-induced muscle and cutaneous hyperalgesia: differential effect of milnacipran. 
  • Study in vitro and in vivo of nociceptin/orphanin FQ(1-13)NH2 analogues substituting N-Me-Gly for Gly2 or Gly3. 
  • Study on the relationship between backpack use and back and neck pain among adolescents. 
  • Subarachnoid meperidine (Pethidine) causes significant nausea and vomiting during labor. The Duke Women's Anesthesia Research Group. 
  • Subcutaneous bupivacaine infiltration and postoperative pain perception after percutaneous nephrolithotomy. 
  • Subgrouping for patients with low back pain: a multidimensional approach incorporating cluster analysis and the STarT Back Screening Tool. 
  • Substantial postoperative pain is common among children undergoing laparoscopic appendectomy. 
  • Suprathreshold heat pain response is associated with clinical pain intensity for patients with shoulder pain. 
  • Surgeon-Performed High-Dose Bupivacaine Periarticular Injection With Intra-Articular Saphenous Nerve Block Is Not Inferior to Adductor Canal Block in Total Knee Arthroplasty. 
  • Surgery versus physical therapy for a meniscal tear and osteoarthritis. 
  • Surgical Pain After Transobturator and Retropubic Midurethral Sling Placement. 
  • Surgical approaches for the correction of unstable thoracolumbar burst fractures: a retrospective analysis of treatment outcomes. 
  • Symptom Burden and Performance Status among Community-Dwelling Patients with Serious Illness. 
  • Synovial fluid pro-inflammatory profile differs according to the characteristics of knee pain. 
  • TRAF6 upregulation in spinal astrocytes maintains neuropathic pain by integrating TNF-α and IL-1β signaling. 
  • TRPM8 is the principal mediator of menthol-induced analgesia of acute and inflammatory pain. 
  • Tailoring cognitive-behavioral treatment for cancer pain. 
  • Taking ACTION to reduce pain: ACTION study rationale, design and protocol of a randomized trial of a proactive telephone-based coaching intervention for chronic musculoskeletal pain among African Americans. 
  • Tantalum components in difficult acetabular revisions. 
  • Targeted breast re-innervation (TBR) for post-mastectomy pain. 
  • Targeting of the orphan receptor GPR35 by pamoic acid: a potent activator of extracellular signal-regulated kinase and β-arrestin2 with antinociceptive activity. 
  • Technique for CT Fluoroscopy-Guided Lumbar Medial Branch Blocks and Radiofrequency Ablation. 
  • Temporal associations between spouse criticism/hostility and pain among patients with chronic pain: a within-couple daily diary study. 
  • Temporal summation of second pain: variability in responses to a fixed protocol. 
  • Testing Assumptions in Human Pain Models: Psychophysical Differences Between First and Second Pain. 
  • The ACTTION-APS-AAPM Pain Taxonomy (AAAPT) Diagnostic Criteria for Acute Pain Conditions: An Introduction. 
  • The ACTTION-APS-AAPM Pain Taxonomy (AAAPT) Multidimensional Approach to Classifying Acute Pain Conditions. 
  • The ACTTION-APS-AAPM Pain Taxonomy (AAAPT) Multidimensional Approach to Classifying Acute Pain Conditions. 
  • The Central Sensitization Inventory and Pain Sensitivity Questionnaire: An exploration of construct validity and associations with widespread pain sensitivity among individuals with shoulder pain. 
  • The Coping Strategies Questionnaire: a large sample, item level factor analysis. 
  • The Development of a Technology-Based Hierarchy to Assess Chronic Low Back Pain and Pain-Related Anxiety From a Fear-Avoidance Model. 
  • The Efficacy of Antivenin Latrodectus (Black Widow) Equine Immune F(ab')2 Versus Placebo in the Treatment of Latrodectism: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Clinical Trial. 
  • The Impact of Surgical Amputation and Valproic Acid on Pain and Functional Trajectory: Results from the Veterans Integrated Pain Evaluation Research (VIPER) Randomized, Double-Blinded Placebo-Controlled Trial. 
  • The Incidence of Spinal Cord Injury in Implantation of Percutaneous and Paddle Electrodes for Spinal Cord Stimulation. 
  • The James A. Rand Young Investigator's Award: Battling the Opioid Epidemic with Prospective Pain Threshold Measurement. 
  • The Limits of Cognitive Reappraisal: Changing Pain Valence, but not Persistence, during a Resistance Exercise Task. 
  • The Myositis Activities Profile -- initial validation for assessment of polymyositis/dermatomyositis in the USA. 
  • The Optimal Screening for Prediction of Referral and Outcome (OSPRO) in patients with musculoskeletal pain conditions: a longitudinal validation cohort from the USA. 
  • The Performance and Association Between Patient-reported and Performance-based Measures of Physical Functioning in Research on Individuals with Arthritis. 
  • The STarT back screening tool and individual psychological measures: evaluation of prognostic capabilities for low back pain clinical outcomes in outpatient physical therapy settings. 
  • The Use of Liposomal Bupivacaine Administered With Standard Bupivacaine in Ankle Fractures Requiring Open Reduction Internal Fixation: A Single-Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial. 
  • The Value of Motion: Patient-Reported Outcome Measures Are Correlated With Range of Motion in Total Ankle Replacement. 
  • The actometer: an evaluation of instrument applicability for chronic pain patients. 
  • The addition of cervical unilateral posterior-anterior mobilisation in the treatment of patients with shoulder impingement syndrome: a randomised clinical trial. 
  • The assessment of discomfort in elderly confused patients: a preliminary study. 
  • The assessment of pain behavior: implications for applied psychophysiology and future research directions. 
  • The assessment of pain in rheumatoid arthritis: disease differentiation and temporal stability of a behavioral observation method. 
  • The association of comorbid conditions with patient-reported outcomes in Veterans with hip and knee osteoarthritis. 
  • The beta3 subunit of the Na+,K+-ATPase mediates variable nociceptive sensitivity in the formalin test. 
  • The c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 (JNK1) in spinal astrocytes is required for the maintenance of bilateral mechanical allodynia under a persistent inflammatory pain condition. 
  • The calcium-activated chloride channel anoctamin 1 acts as a heat sensor in nociceptive neurons. 
  • The centralization phenomenon and fear-avoidance beliefs as prognostic factors for acute low back pain: a preliminary investigation involving patients classified for specific exercise. 
  • The comparative effectiveness of quadratus lumborum blocks and paravertebral blocks in radical cystectomy patients. 
  • The costs and benefits of nonoperative management for adult scoliosis. 
  • The difficulties of ambulatory interscalene and intra-articular infusions for rotator cuff surgery: a preliminary report. 
  • The effect of a fear-avoidance-based physical therapy intervention for patients with acute low back pain: results of a randomized clinical trial. 
  • The effect of acute tryptophan depletion on emotional distraction and subsequent memory. 
  • The effect of chiropractic treatment on the reaction and response times of special operation forces military personnel: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. 
  • The effect of epidural clonidine on perioperative cytokine response, postoperative pain, and bowel function in patients undergoing colorectal surgery. 
  • The effect of intrathecal administration of glial activation inhibitors on dorsal horn BDNF overexpression and hind paw mechanical allodynia in spinal nerve ligated rats. 
  • The effect of neuroticism on the recall of persistent low-back pain and perceived activity interference. 
  • The effect of noise-cancelling headphones or music on pain perception and anxiety in men undergoing transrectal prostate biopsy. 
  • The effect of second-stage pushing and body mass index on postdural puncture headache. 
  • The effect of standard care, ibuprofen, and music on pain relief and patient satisfaction in adults with musculoskeletal trauma. 
  • The effect of stimulating versus conventional perineural catheters on postoperative analgesia following ultrasound-guided femoral nerve localization. 
  • The effects of childbirth self-efficacy and anxiety during pregnancy on prehospitalization labor 
  • The effects of cultural background on patient-perceived impact of psoriatic arthritis - a qualitative study conducted in Brazil and France. 
  • The efficacy of continuous cryotherapy on the postoperative shoulder: a prospective, randomized investigation. 
  • The efficacy of femoral nerve block in pain reduction for outpatient hamstring anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a double-blind, prospective, randomized trial. 
  • The evolution and practice of acute pain medicine. 
  • The heritability of antinociception: common pharmacogenetic mediation of five neurochemically distinct analgesics. 
  • The impact of acute herpes zoster pain and discomfort on functional status and quality of life in older adults. 
  • The impact of axial spondyloarthritis on quality of life (QoL): a comparison with the impact of moderate to end-stage chronic kidney disease on QoL. 
  • The impact of herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia on health-related quality of life: a prospective study. 
  • The impact of patients' gender, race, and age on health care professionals' pain management decisions: an online survey using virtual human technology. 
  • The influence of lockout intervals and drug selection on patient-controlled analgesia following gynecological surgery. 
  • The influence of manual therapy dosing on outcomes in patients with hip osteoarthritis: a systematic review. 
  • The influence of triage systems and triage scores on timeliness of ED analgesic administration. 
  • The inter-rater reliability and diagnostic accuracy of patellar mobility tests in patients with anterior knee pain. 
  • The interaction effect of perioperative cotreatment with dextromethorphan and intravenous lidocaine on pain relief and recovery of bowel function after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. 
  • The intra-articular component of the subscapularis tendon: anatomic and histological correlation in reference to surgical release in patients with frozen-shoulder syndrome. 
  • The management of persistent pain in older persons. 
  • The mechanisms of manual therapy in the treatment of musculoskeletal pain: a comprehensive model. 
  • The mediating role of pain and function in the association between stiffness and quality of life in patients with axial spondyloarthritis. 
  • The metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 negative allosteric modulator fenobam: pharmacokinetics, side effects, and analgesic effects in healthy human subjects. 
  • The metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 antagonist fenobam is analgesic and has improved in vivo selectivity compared with the prototypical antagonist 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)-pyridine. 
  • The pain provocation-based straight leg raise test for diagnosis of lumbar disc herniation, lumbar radiculopathy, and/or sciatica: a systematic review of clinical utility. 
  • The painfulness of active, but not sham, transcranial magnetic stimulation decreases rapidly over time: results from the double-blind phase of the OPT-TMS Trial. 
  • The relationship between chief complaint and comparable sign in patients with spinal pain: An exploratory study. 
  • The relationship between cigarette smoking and chronic low back pain. 
  • The relationship of gender to pain, pain behavior, and disability in osteoarthritis patients: the role of catastrophizing. 
  • The relationship of pain intensity, physical impairment, and pain-related fear to function in patients with shoulder pathology. 
  • The relationship of self-reported pain and functional impairment to gait mechanics in overweight and obese persons with knee osteoarthritis. 
  • The relative analgesic value of a femoral nerve block versus adductor canal block following total knee arthroplasty: a randomized, controlled, double-blinded study. 
  • The relative potency of oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate compared with intravenous morphine in the treatment of moderate to severe postoperative pain. 
  • The role of anger in psychosocial subgrouping for patients with low back pain. 
  • The role of gabapentinoids in acute and chronic pain after surgery. 
  • The self-efficacy of family caregivers for helping cancer patients manage pain at end-of-life. 
  • The social context of gastrointestinal cancer pain: a preliminary study examining the relation of patient pain catastrophizing to patient perceptions of social support and caregiver stress and negative responses. 
  • The symptoms of osteoarthritis and the genesis of pain. 
  • The symptoms of osteoarthritis and the genesis of pain. 
  • The use of an intrathecal pump to manage intractable cancer pain in a pediatric patient: a case report. 
  • The use of distraction and imagery with children during painful procedures 
  • The use of the Artelon CMC Spacer for osteoarthritis of the basal joint of the thumb. 
  • The use of topical anesthesia during intravenous catheter insertion in adults: a comparison of pain scores using LMX-4 versus placebo. 
  • The utility of the Beck Depression Inventory in a bariatric surgery population. 
  • The value of measuring variability in osteoarthritis pain. 
  • The value of somatosensory evoked potential monitoring during scapulothoracic arthrodesis: case report and review of literature. 
  • Therapeutic efficacy of microtube-embedded chondroitinase ABC in a canine clinical model of spinal cord injury. 
  • Thermal and pressure pain sensitivity in patients with unilateral shoulder pain: comparison of involved and uninvolved sides. 
  • Thoracic paravertebral block for breast surgery. 
  • Thrombospondin-4 contributes to spinal sensitization and neuropathic pain states. 
  • Through the Looking Glass: Specialty Influence on SCS Outcomes. 
  • Thrust and nonthrust manipulation for older adults with low back pain: an evaluation of pain and disability. 
  • Tides of inflammation: impact of biologics. 
  • Toll-like receptor 7 mediates pruritus. 
  • Topical anesthesia with EMLA reduces pain during endomyocardial biopsy: a randomized trial. 
  • Total pancreatectomy and autologous islet cell transplantation as a means to treat severe chronic pancreatitis. 
  • Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation treatment of sickle cell pain crises. 
  • Transversus abdominis plane block for analgesia after Cesarean delivery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 
  • Traumatic valgus instability of the elbow: pathoanatomy and results of direct repair. Surgical technique. 
  • Treating Persistent Pain: A Nurse Co-Led, Interdisciplinary Model for Primary Care. 
  • Treatment effect modifiers for individuals with acute low back pain: secondary analysis of the TARGET trial. 
  • Treatment of Chronic Abdominal Pain With 10-kHz Spinal Cord Stimulation: Safety and Efficacy Results From a 12-Month Prospective, Multicenter, Feasibility Study. 
  • Treatment of Zone 1 Fractures of the Proximal Fifth Metatarsal With CAM-Walker Boot vs Hard-Soled Shoes. 
  • Trial design of comparing patient-specific versus weight-based protocols to treat vaso-occlusive episodes in sickle cell disease (COMPARE-VOE). 
  • Triangular fibrocartilage complex tears associated with symptomatic ulnar styloid nonunions. 
  • Two-year incidence and predictors of future knee arthroplasty in persons with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis: preliminary analysis of longitudinal data from the osteoarthritis initiative. 
  • Ultrasound-Guided Microwave Ablation for the Management of Inguinal Neuralgia: A Preliminary Study with 1-Year Follow-up. 
  • Understanding patterns and correlates of daily pain using the Sickle cell disease Mobile Application to Record Symptoms via Technology (SMART). 
  • Unilateral groin surgery in children: will the addition of an ultrasound-guided ilioinguinal nerve block enhance the duration of analgesia of a single-shot caudal block? 
  • Unique Contributions of Body Diagram Scores and Psychosocial Factors to Pain Intensity and Disability in Patients With Musculoskeletal Pain. 
  • Unlearning chronic pain: A randomized controlled trial to investigate changes in intrinsic brain connectivity following Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. 
  • Update on Lateral Ankle Instability. 
  • Usability and Feasibility of an mHealth Intervention for Monitoring and Managing Pain Symptoms in Sickle Cell Disease: The Sickle Cell Disease Mobile Application to Record Symptoms via Technology (SMART). 
  • Use of Handheld Wireless Technology For a Home-based Sickle Cell Pain Management Protocol 
  • Use of Mobile Health Apps and Wearable Technology to Assess Changes and Predict Pain During Treatment of Acute Pain in Sickle Cell Disease: Feasibility Study. 
  • Use of patient-controlled analgesia to compare the efficacy of epidural to intravenous fentanyl administration. 
  • Use of sensory descriptors in assessing chronic pain patients. 
  • Using an internet intervention to support self-management of low back pain in primary care: protocol for a randomised controlled feasibility trial (SupportBack). 
  • Using surgical appropriateness criteria to examine outcomes of total knee arthroplasty in a United States sample. 
  • Using the value-based care paradigm to compare physical therapy access to care models in cervical spine radiculopathy: a case report. 
  • Utility of catastrophizing, body symptom diagram score and history of opioid use to predict future health care utilization after a primary care visit for musculoskeletal pain. 
  • Utility of multilevel lateral interbody fusion of the thoracolumbar coronal curve apex in adult deformity surgery in combination with open posterior instrumentation and L5-S1 interbody fusion: a case-matched evaluation of 32 patients. 
  • Validating pain communication: current state of the science. 
  • Validation of the Patient Care Monitor (Version 2.0): a review of system assessment instrument for cancer patients. 
  • Validation of the surgical pain scales in women undergoing pelvic reconstructive surgery. 
  • Validity and factor structure of the AUSCAN Osteoarthritis Hand Index in a community-based sample. 
  • Validity of a Paradigm for Low Back Pain Symptom Development During Prolonged Standing. 
  • Validity of an observation method for assessing pain behavior in individuals with multiple sclerosis. 
  • Validity of pain behaviors in persons with mild to moderate cognitive impairment. 
  • Validity, factor structure, and clinical relevance of the AUSCAN Osteoarthritis Hand Index. 
  • Variability in negative emotions among individuals with chronic low back pain: relationships with pain and function. 
  • Variable sensitivity to noxious heat is mediated by differential expression of the CGRP gene. 
  • Variables Describing Individuals With Improved Pain and Function With a Primary Complaint of Low Back Pain: A Secondary Analysis. 
  • Variations in pain, sleep, and activity during hospitalization in children with cancer. 
  • Virtual Reality Analgesia in Labor: The VRAIL Pilot Study-A Preliminary Randomized Controlled Trial Suggesting Benefit of Immersive Virtual Reality Analgesia in Unmedicated Laboring Women. 
  • Vitamin D insufficiency increases risk of chronic pain among African Americans experiencing motor vehicle collision. 
  • What Are the Tradeoffs in Outcomes after Casting Versus Surgery for Closed Extraarticular Distal Radius Fractures in Older Patients? A Statistical Learning Model. 
  • What General and Pain-associated Psychological Distress Phenotypes Exist Among Patients with Hip and Knee Osteoarthritis? 
  • Which preoperative factors, including bone bruise, are associated with knee pain/symptoms at index anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR)? A Multicenter Orthopaedic Outcomes Network (MOON) ACLR Cohort Study. 
  • Within-day rhythms of pain and cognitive function in people with and without fibromyalgia: synchronous or syncopated? 
  • Women fare best following surgery for degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis: a comparison of the most and least satisfied patients utilizing data from the Quality Outcomes Database. 
  • Yoga for persistent pain: new findings and directions for an ancient practice. 
  • [Analgesic effect of intrathecal injection of Herpes simplex virus type I amplicon vector-mediated human preproenkephalin gene on chronic neuropathic pain: experiment with rats]. 
  • [Effect of intrathecal pumping morphine on immunological function in rats with formalin pain]. 
  • [Effect of intrathecal pumping tramadol on the immune function in rats with formalin pain]. 
  • [Extracorporeal shockwave therapy in symptomatic heel spurs. An overview]. 
  • [Pain in reports. A fragmented mosaic]. 
  • [The Zung's autoscale for depression as predictor of sensorial and autonomic alterations to pain]. 
  • p38 MAPK, microglial signaling, and neuropathic pain. 
  • p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase is activated after a spinal nerve ligation in spinal cord microglia and dorsal root ganglion neurons and contributes to the generation of neuropathic pain. 
  • μ-Opioid Receptor Gene A118 G Variants and Persistent Pain Symptoms Among Men and Women Experiencing Motor Vehicle Collision. 
• 

  Keywords of People

  • Clewley, Derek James, Assistant Professor in Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Surgery, Physical Therapy
  • Keefe, Francis Joseph, Professor in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Psychology & Neuroscience
  • McConnell, Eleanor Schildwachter, Associate Professor in the School of Nursing, School of Nursing
  • Nackley, Andrea Gail, Associate Professor in Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Cancer Biology
  • O'Connor, Christopher Michael, Adjunct Professor in the Department of Medicine, Medicine, Clinical Pharmacology
  • Preminger, Glenn Michael, James F. Glenn, M.D. Distinguished Professor of Urology, Surgery, Urology
  • Routh, Jonathan Charles, Paul H. Sherman, M.D. Distinguished Associate Professor of Surgery, Pediatrics
  • Sampson, John Howard, Robert H., M.D. and Gloria Wilkins Professor of Neurosurgery, in the School of Medicine, Biomedical Engineering
  • Uronis, Hope Elizabeth, Associate Professor of Medicine, Medicine, Medical Oncology
  • Zafar, Syed Yousuf, Adjunct Professor in the Department of Medicine, Duke Science & Society