Perfusion

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  Subject Areas on Research

  • "Functional characteristics of a new perfusion balloon: comparison with the Flowtrack 40 in a closed chest swine". 
  • A model of giant vacuole dynamics in human Schlemm's canal endothelial cells. 
  • A novel Schlemm's Canal scaffold increases outflow facility in a human anterior segment perfusion model. 
  • A novel flow-perfusion bioreactor supports 3D dynamic cell culture. 
  • A perfusion chamber for the study of CNS physiology and pharmacology in vitro. 
  • A technique to perfuse cadavers that extends the useful life of fresh tissues: the Duke experience. 
  • Absence of tubuloglomerular feedback responses in AT1A receptor-deficient mice. 
  • Absorption of paraquat and diquat from the airways of the perfused rat lung. 
  • Accuracy of digital angiography for quantitation of normal coronary luminal segments in excised, perfused hearts. 
  • Activation of EGF receptors mediates pulmonary vasoconstriction induced by residual oil fly ash. 
  • Acute kidney injury after ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP). 
  • Acute stroke imaging research roadmap. 
  • Adenosine nucleotides in bile. 
  • Adenosine-induced flow arrest to facilitate intracranial aneurysm clip ligation does not worsen neurologic outcome. 
  • Adenovirus-mediated gene transfer into rat cardiac allografts. Comparison of direct injection and perfusion. 
  • Albumin influences sulfobromophthalein transport by hepatocytes of each acinar zone. 
  • An assessment of the calcium content of rat liver mitochondria in vivo. 
  • An inexpensive, reproducible tissue simulator for teaching thoracoscopic lobectomy. 
  • An isolated perfused rat lung preparation. 
  • Analysis of injury in complex organ preservation. 
  • Analysis of pulmonary and systemic vascular responses to platelet-activating factor in the cat. 
  • Analysis of responses to sarafotoxin 6a and sarafotoxin 6c in the pulmonary vascular bed of the cat. 
  • Analytical and biological methods for probing the blood-brain barrier. 
  • Anesthesia for Lung Transplantation. 
  • Antegrade versus retrograde cerebral perfusion for hemiarch replacement with deep hypothermic circulatory arrest: does it matter? A propensity-matched analysis. 
  • Anti-inflammatory signaling during ex vivo liver perfusion improves the preservation of pig liver grafts before transplantation. 
  • Atrioventricular node ablation in Langendorff-perfused porcine hearts using carbon ion particle therapy: methods and an in vivo feasibility investigation for catheter-free ablation of cardiac arrhythmias. 
  • Bile acids in xenogeneic ex-vivo liver perfusion: function of xenoperfused livers and compatibility with human bile salts and porcine livers. 
  • Biliary secretion of extracorporeal porcine livers with single and dual vessel perfusion. 
  • Binding and uptake of [3H]adrenaline by perfused rat liver. 
  • Biomechanics of Schlemm's canal endothelium and intraocular pressure reduction. 
  • Blebbistatin, a novel inhibitor of myosin II ATPase activity, increases aqueous humor outflow facility in perfused enucleated porcine eyes. 
  • Brief report: treatment of hepatic failure with ex vivo pig-liver perfusion followed by liver transplantation. 
  • CCK and other peptides modulate hypothalamic norepinephrine release in the rat: dependence on hunger or satiety. 
  • CT perfusion-derived mean transit time predicts early mortality and delayed vasospasm after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage. 
  • CT perfusion-guided versus time-guided mechanical recanalization in acute ischemic stroke patients. 
  • Calcium ion fluxes induced by the action of alpha-adrenergic agonists in perfused rat liver. 
  • Carbon monoxide-cytochrome interactions in the brain of the fluorocarbon-perfused rat. 
  • Cardiac phenotype and angiotensin II levels in AT1a, AT1b, and AT2 receptor single, double, and triple knockouts. 
  • Catabolic pathways for streptokinase, plasmin, and streptokinase activator complex in mice. In vivo reaction of plasminogen activator with alpha 2-macroglobulin. 
  • Catabolism of (2E)-4-hydroxy-2-nonenal via ω- and ω-1-oxidation stimulated by ketogenic diet. 
  • Cerebral perfusion imaging in vasospasm. 
  • Changes in cerebral and somatic oxygenation during stage 1 palliation of hypoplastic left heart syndrome using continuous regional cerebral perfusion. 
  • Characterization of human anti-porcine "natural antibodies" recovered from ex vivo perfused hearts--predominance of IgM and IgG2. 
  • Characterization of the cerebral blood flow response to balloon deflation after temporary internal carotid artery test occlusion. 
  • Clinical results of a novel wide beam reconstruction method for shortening scan time of Tc-99m cardiac SPECT perfusion studies. 
  • Cold machine perfusion or static cold storage of kidneys: why the debate continues. 
  • Comparison of responses to pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptides 38 and 27 in the pulmonary vascular bed of the cat. 
  • Comparison of various methods for delivering radiolabeled monoclonal antibody to normal rat brain. 
  • Complement-mediated vasoconstriction and graft rejection. 
  • Compressibility of perfused passive myocardium. 
  • Coronary angioplasty performed with gradual and prolonged inflation using a perfusion balloon catheter: procedural success and restenosis rate. 
  • Decellularized tissue-engineered blood vessel as an arterial conduit. 
  • Defective glucose-stimulated insulin release from perifused islets of C57BL/6J mice. 
  • Delayed autotransplantation of a solitary kidney facilitated by pump perfusion preservation. 
  • Delayed graft function in the kidney transplant. 
  • Delivery of endothelial cells to balloon-dilated rabbit arteries with use of a local delivery catheter. 
  • Developmental expression of neurokinin A and functional neurokinin-2 receptors in lung. 
  • Dexamethasone-induced ocular hypertension in perfusion-cultured human eyes. 
  • Diagnosis of pulmonary embolism by radioactive ventilation scanning. 
  • Differential effects of trabecular meshwork stiffness on outflow facility in normal human and porcine eyes. 
  • Discretizing large traceable vessels and using DE-MRI perfusion maps yields numerical temperature contours that match the MR noninvasive measurements. 
  • Distinction between metabolic and myogenic mechanisms of coronary hyperemic response to brief diastolic occlusion. 
  • Distribution of bronchoconstrictor responses in isolated-perfused rat lung. 
  • Distribution of ocular perfusion pressure and its relationship with open-angle glaucoma: the singapore malay eye study. 
  • Effect of apolipoproteins on the induction of hepatic steatosis in rats. 
  • Effect of left ventricular hypertrophy on myocardial capillary perfusion. 
  • Effect of magnesium on dopamine-induced postischemic injury in the isolated rat heart. 
  • Effect of perfusion pressure upon uptake and biosynthesis of arterial lipids. 
  • Effect of somatostatin-28 on dynamics of insulin secretion in perfused rat pancreas. 
  • Effects of cyclic intraocular pressure on conventional outflow facility. 
  • Effects of delay in administration of potassium cardioplegia to the isolated rat heart. 
  • Effects of intravoxel incoherent motions (IVIM) in steady-state free precession (SSFP) imaging: application to molecular diffusion imaging. 
  • Effects of moderate versus deep hypothermic circulatory arrest and selective cerebral perfusion on cerebrospinal fluid proteomic profiles in a piglet model of cardiopulmonary bypass. 
  • Effects of pulsatile perfusion on human saphenous vein vasoreactivity: a preliminary report. 
  • Effects of specific activity on meta-[(131)I]iodobenzylguanidine kinetics in isolated rat heart. 
  • Efficacy of hyperthermic isolated limb perfusion for extremity-confined recurrent melanoma. 
  • Electroporation and shock-induced transmembrane potential in a cardiac fiber during defibrillation strength shocks. 
  • Enhanced cardiac preservation with oxygenated University of Wisconsin solution. 
  • Erythropoietin receptor expression in adult rat cardiomyocytes is associated with an acute cardioprotective effect for recombinant erythropoietin during ischemia-reperfusion injury. 
  • Evaluation of mechanical dyssynchrony and myocardial perfusion using phase analysis of gated SPECT imaging in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. 
  • Evaluation of the Heat Sink Effect After Transarterial Embolization When Performed in Combination with Thermal Ablation of the Liver in a Rabbit Model. 
  • Evaluation of the accuracy of radionuclide measurement of regional pulmonary perfusion. 
  • Ex vivo characterization of human anti-porcine hyperacute cardiac rejection. 
  • Ex-vivo liver perfusion for organ preservation: Recent advances in the field. 
  • Exchange transfusion utilizing an arteriovenous shunt and the Sarns roller pump. 
  • Exogenously administered growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-I alter intracellular Ca2+ handling and enhance cardiac performance. In vitro evaluation in the isolated isovolumic buffer-perfused rat heart. 
  • Expanding the Donor Pool With Normothermic Ex Vivo Liver Perfusion: The Future Is Now. 
  • Experimental evaluation of microsurgical techniques in small artery anastomoses. 
  • Extracellular potentials related to intracellular action potentials during impulse conduction in anisotropic canine cardiac muscle. 
  • Extracorporeal liver perfusion using human and pig livers for acute liver failure. 
  • Feedback regulation by trypsin: evidence for intraluminal CCK-releasing peptide. 
  • Flow perfusion maintains ex vivo bone viability: a novel model for bone biology research. 
  • Functional improvement of jeopardized myocardium following intracoronary streptokinase infusion in acute myocardial infarction. 
  • Galactose and glucose metabolism in the isolated perfused suckling and adult rat liver. 
  • Gene transfer of dominant-negative RhoA increases outflow facility in perfused human anterior segment cultures. 
  • Generalized dual-energy-window scatter compensation in spatially varying media for SPECT. 
  • Genesis of the monophasic action potential: role of interstitial resistance and boundary gradients. 
  • Glutathione-mediated preservation and enhancement of isolated perifused islet function. 
  • Heterogeneity in the distal nephron of the salamander (Ambystoma tigrinum): a correlated structure function study of isolated tubule segments. 
  • High vascular pressure-induced lung injury requires P450 epoxygenase-dependent activation of TRPV4. 
  • Human complement regulatory proteins protect swine lungs from xenogeneic injury. 
  • Human placenta makes extracellular glutathione peroxidase and secretes it into maternal circulation. 
  • Hydrostatic isolated limb perfusion with adeno-associated virus vectors enhances correction of skeletal muscle in Pompe disease. 
  • Hyperthermia: an overview of current progress and problems. 
  • Immunopathology of porcine livers perfused with blood of humans with fulminant hepatic failure. 
  • Improved tolerance to ischemia in hypertrophied myocardium by preischemic enhancement of adenosine triphosphate. 
  • In vivo MR imaging of pulmonary perfusion and gas exchange in rats via continuous extracorporeal infusion of hyperpolarized 129Xe. 
  • Incomplete relaxation between beats after myocardial hypoxia and ischemia. 
  • Induction of TGF-beta1 in the trabecular meshwork under cyclic mechanical stress. 
  • Induction of an Inflammatory Response in Primary Hepatocyte Cultures from Mice. 
  • Influence of buffers on dV/dtmax recovery kinetics with lidocaine in myocardium. 
  • Influence of lemakalim on the pulmonary vascular bed of the cat. 
  • Inhibition of adenosine-1 receptor-mediated preglomerular vasoconstriction in AT1A receptor-deficient mice. 
  • Insulin or glucagon choleresis in the isolated perfused guinea pig liver. 
  • Interaction of signals influencing renin release. 
  • Interdependence of bronchial circulation and clearance of 99mTc-DTPA from the airway surface. 
  • Intermittent perfusion protects the brain during deep hypothermic circulatory arrest. 
  • Interstitial hydraulic conductivity in a fibrosarcoma. 
  • Intraocular pressure effects on optic nerve-head oxidative metabolism measured in vivo. 
  • Intraoperative angiography using laser-assisted indocyanine green imaging to map perfusion of forehead flaps. 
  • Intraoperative perfusion echocardiography. 
  • Intraoperative perfusion techniques can accurately predict mastectomy skin flap necrosis in breast reconstruction: results of a prospective trial. 
  • Intravital microscopy evaluation of angiogenesis and its effects on glucose sensor performance. 
  • Invited Commentary. 
  • Isolated perfused lung--substrate utilization. 
  • Isotopomer enrichment assay for very short chain fatty acids and its metabolic applications. 
  • Kinetic measurements of the release of prostaglandins from perfused rat lungs. 
  • Laser Doppler flowmetry assessment of peristernal perfusion after cardiac surgery: beneficial effect of negative pressure therapy. 
  • Limits of detection of regional differences in vasodilated flow in viable myocardium by first-pass magnetic resonance perfusion imaging. 
  • Lineage restriction of human hepatic stem cells to mature fates is made efficient by tissue-specific biomatrix scaffolds. 
  • Local 42 degrees C hyperthermia improves vascular conductance of the R3230Ac rat mammary adenocarcinoma during sodium nitroprusside infusion. 
  • MRI quantitative myocardial perfusion with compartmental analysis: a rest and stress study. 
  • Management of recurrent melanoma of the extremity. 
  • Measuring diffusion limitation with a perfusion-limited gas--hyperpolarized 129Xe gas-transfer spectroscopy in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. 
  • Mechanisms of injury in porcine livers perfused with blood of patients with fulminant hepatic failure. 
  • Metabolism of levulinate in perfused rat livers and live rats: conversion to the drug of abuse 4-hydroxypentanoate. 
  • Metabolism of γ-hydroxybutyrate in perfused rat livers. 
  • Microvascular studies on the origins of perfusion-limited hypoxia. 
  • Mitochondrial adaptations to obesity-related oxidant stress. 
  • Mitochondrial metabolism sets the maximal limit of fuel-stimulated insulin secretion in a model pancreatic beta cell: a survey of four fuel secretagogues. 
  • Modulation of vasoactive intestinal peptide pulmonary relaxation by NO in tracheally superfused guinea pig lungs. 
  • Morphological and functional characterization of beta TC-6 cells--an insulin-secreting cell line derived from transgenic mice. 
  • Morphology of the trabecular meshwork and inner-wall endothelium after cationized ferritin perfusion in the monkey eye. 
  • Mortality risk associated with ejection fraction differs across resting nuclear perfusion findings. 
  • Mouse liver cell culture. I. Hepatocyte isolation. 
  • Multiple etiologies of tumor hypoxia require multifaceted solutions. 
  • Near infrared spectroscopy: in situ studies of skeletal and cardiac muscle. 
  • Netarsudil Increases Outflow Facility in Human Eyes Through Multiple Mechanisms. 
  • New double-lumen polyethylene cannula for push-pull perfusion of brain tissue in vivo. 
  • Nifedipine enhances the cardiac toxicity of magnesium sulfate in the isolated perfused Sprague-Dawley rat heart. 
  • Nitric oxide in glutamate-induced compound action potential threshold shifts. 
  • Nitric oxide synthase inhibition irreversibly decreases perfusion in the R3230Ac rat mammary adenocarcinoma. 
  • Noninvasive detection of coronary artery patency using continuous ST-segment monitoring. 
  • Normothermic and subnormothermic ex-vivo liver perfusion in liver transplantation. 
  • Novel cell-free strategy for therapeutic angiogenesis: in vitro generated conditioned medium can replace progenitor cell transplantation. 
  • P2X7 receptor agonists pre- and postcondition the heart against ischemia-reperfusion injury by opening pannexin-1/P2X₇ channels. 
  • Pathophysiology of experimental renovascular hypertension. 
  • Perfusion MR imaging of brain neoplasms. 
  • Perfusion and function assessment by nuclear cardiology techniques. 
  • Perfusion balloon catheter. 
  • Perfusion of single tumor microvessels: application to vascular permeability measurement. 
  • Permeability criteria for effective function of passive countercurrent multiplier. 
  • Phosphorus 31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy of perifused human placental villi under varying oxygen concentrations. 
  • Pitfalls in quantitative contrast echocardiography: the steps to quantitation of perfusion. 
  • Platelets induce sinusoidal endothelial cell apoptosis upon reperfusion of the cold ischemic rat liver. 
  • Poor adoption of hemodynamic optimization during major surgery: are we practicing substandard care? 
  • Porcine endothelial cell membrane antigens recognized by human and baboon xenoreactive antibodies during organ perfusion. 
  • Porcine hepatic phospholipid efflux during reperfusion after cold ischemia. 
  • Practical aspects of in situ 16O (gamma,n) 15O activation using a conventional medical accelerator for the purpose of perfusion imaging. 
  • Predicting radiotherapy-induced cardiac perfusion defects. 
  • Preservation of the cadaveric kidney for transplantation. 
  • Probabilistic pharmacokinetic models of decompression sickness in humans: Part 2, coupled perfusion-diffusion models. 
  • Procurement, preservation, and transport of cadaver kidneys. 
  • Prognostic estimation of coronary artery disease risk with resting perfusion abnormalities and stress ischemia on myocardial perfusion SPECT. 
  • Prolonged myocardial nucleotide depletion after brief ischemia in the open-chest dog. 
  • Protection of perfused lung from oxidant injury by inhibitors of anion exchange. 
  • Quantification of regional myocardial dysfunction after acute ischemic injury. 
  • Radioactive ventilation scanning in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. 
  • Redistribution of canine left ventricular myocardial blood flow in unloaded systole. 
  • Reduced oxygen extraction during reperfusion: a consequence of global ischemic arrest. 
  • Regulation of blood pressure by the type 1A angiotensin II receptor gene. 
  • Regulation of connective tissue growth factor expression in the aqueous humor outflow pathway. 
  • Relation between reversal of diastolic creep and recovery of systolic function after ischemic myocardial injury in conscious dogs. 
  • Relationship between of blood flow, glucose metabolism, protein synthesis, glucose and ATP content in experimentally-induced glioma (RG1 2.2) of rat brain. 
  • Relationship of LV compliance to coronary artery perfusion pressure in potassium-arrested canine heart during cardiopulmonary bypass. 
  • Repeatability and reproducibility of phase analysis of gated single-photon emission computed tomography myocardial perfusion imaging used to quantify cardiac dyssynchrony. 
  • Repetitive episodes of brief ischaemia (12 min) do not produce a cumulative depletion of high energy phosphate compounds. 
  • Requirements for T lymphocyte migration in explanted lymph nodes. 
  • Rescue thrombolysis: resolution of intraglomerular thrombi after donation after circulatory death. 
  • Retroperfusion studies of the aqueous outflow system. Part 2: Studies in human eyes. 
  • Retroperfusion studies of the aqueous outflow system. Part I: Evaluation of technique using N-ethyl maleimide. 
  • Ribose-enhanced myocardial recovery following ischemia in the isolated working rat heart. 
  • Role of calcium in monitor peptide-stimulated cholecystokinin release from perifused intestinal cells. 
  • Safety and technique of ferumoxytol administration for MRI. 
  • Scaffold-free, Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Tissue Engineered Blood Vessels. 
  • Schlemm's canal and primary open angle glaucoma: correlation between Schlemm's canal dimensions and outflow facility. 
  • Selective expression of stromal-derived factor-1 in the capillary vascular endothelium plays a role in Kaposi sarcoma pathogenesis. 
  • Serum obstruction of aqueous outflow in enucleated eyes. 
  • Shear flow-dependent integration of apical and subendothelial chemokines in T-cell transmigration: implications for locomotion and the multistep paradigm. 
  • Significance of diaphragmatic resections and thoracic chemoperfusion on outcomes of peritoneal surface disease treated with cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). 
  • Simultaneous measurement of cytochrome a3 reduction and chemoreceptor afferent activity in the carotid body. 
  • Sodium nuclear magnetic resonance imaging of myocardial tissue of dogs after coronary artery occlusion and reperfusion. 
  • Standardized management improves outcomes after the Norwood procedure. 
  • Stimulation by alpha-adrenergic agonists of Ca2+ fluxes, mitochondrial oxidation and gluconeogenesis in perfused rat liver. 
  • Studies of blood flow in aorta-to-coronary venous bypass grafts in man. 
  • Superoxide dismutase potentiates platelet-activating factor-induced injury in perfused lung. 
  • Targeted gene transfer to Schlemm's canal by retroperfusion. 
  • Temperatures achieved in human and canine neocortex during intraoperative passive or active focal cooling. 
  • Tetrahydropapaveroline and salsolinol alter 45Ca2+ efflux within perfused hippocampus of unrestrained rats. 
  • The action of alpha-adrenergic agonists on plasma-membrane calcium fluxes in perfused rat liver. 
  • The contribution of both extracellular and intracellular calcium to the action of alpha-adrenergic agonists in perfused rat liver. 
  • The coronary pressure-flow determinants left ventricular compliance in dogs. 
  • The effect of cell-free and erythrocyte-containing perfusion in rat livers. 
  • The effect of ionophore A23187 on calcium ion fluxes and alpha-adrenergic-agonist action in perfused rat liver. 
  • The effect of oxygen on corneal neovascularization. 
  • The effect of pretreatment with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin on the hepatic metabolism of 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetate (2,4,5-T) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetate (2,4,-D). 
  • The effects of intraocular lidocaine on the corneal endothelium. 
  • The hemodynamics of thrombus formation in arteries. 
  • The hepatic extraction of gastric inhibitory polypeptide and insulin. 
  • The humoral immune response in humans following cross-perfusion of porcine organs. 
  • The humoral immune response in humans following ex vivo perfusion of porcine livers. 
  • The impact of autoperfusion on quantitative electrocardiographic parameters of ischemia severity, extent, and "burden" during salvage of elective coronary angioplasty. 
  • The involvement of superoxide and iNOS-derived NO in cardiac dysfunction induced by pro-inflammatory cytokines. 
  • The isolated perfused frog eye: a useful preparation for the investigation of drug effects on retinal function. 
  • The perfusion of isolated whole organs. 
  • Thrombalexin: Use of a Cytotopic Anticoagulant to Reduce Thrombotic Microangiopathy in a Highly Sensitized Model of Kidney Transplantation. 
  • Tomographic digital subtraction angiography for lung perfusion estimation in rodents. 
  • Total respiratory support from swine lungs in primate recipients. 
  • Transient finite element analysis of thermal methods used to estimate SAR and blood flow in homogeneously and nonhomogeneously perfused tumour models. 
  • Transluminal catheter reperfusion: a new technique to reestablish blood flow after coronary occlusion during percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. 
  • Tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced lung injury and its modulation by synthetic polynucleotide: a physiologic-morphometric analysis. 
  • Two-photon molecular excitation imaging of Ca2+ transients in Langendorff-perfused mouse hearts. 
  • Tyrosine phosphorylation is a novel pathway for regulation of chloride secretion in shark rectal gland. 
  • Uptake mechanisms of meta-[123I]iodobenzylguanidine in isolated rat heart. 
  • Use of excitatory amino acids to make axon-sparing lesions of hypothalamus. 
  • Variation in Perfusion Strategies for Neonatal and Infant Aortic Arch Repair: Contemporary Practice in the STS Congenital Heart Surgery Database. 
  • Vascular Complications and Use of a Distal Perfusion Cannula in Femorally Cannulated Patients on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation. 
  • Vascular release of nonheme iron in perfused rabbit lungs. 
  • Vasoactive intestinal peptide, forskolin, and genistein increase apical CFTR trafficking in the rectal gland of the spiny dogfish, Squalus acanthias. Acute regulation of CFTR trafficking in an intact epithelium. 
  • beta-cell function in normal rats made chronically hyperleptinemic by adenovirus-leptin gene therapy. 
  • sCD44 overexpression increases intraocular pressure and aqueous outflow resistance. 
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  Keywords of People

  • Allori, Alexander C, Assistant Professor of Surgery, Surgery, Plastic, Maxillofacial, and Oral Surgery
  • Badea, Cristian Tudorel, Professor in Radiology, Biomedical Engineering
  • Craciunescu, Oana, Associate Professor of Radiation Oncology, Radiation Oncology
  • Driehuys, Bastiaan, Professor of Radiology, Physics
  • Johnson, G. Allan, Charles E. Putman University Professor of Radiology, Physics
  • MacFall, James R., Adjunct Professor in the Department of Radiology, Radiology
  • Muir, Kelly Walton, Associate Professor of Ophthalmology, Ophthalmology, Glaucoma
  • Nielsen, Karen Cristina, Associate Professor of Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology, Ambulatory
  • O'Connor, Christopher Michael, Richard Sean Stack, M.D. / Guidant Foundation Professor of Cardiology, Medicine, Clinical Pharmacology