Phosphoprotein Phosphatases

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  Subject Areas on Research

  • A cell cycle checkpoint monitors cell morphogenesis in budding yeast. 
  • A conserved domain for glycogen binding in protein phosphatase-1 targeting subunits. 
  • A network of substrates of the E3 ubiquitin ligases MDM2 and HUWE1 control apoptosis independently of p53. 
  • A pH-gated conformational switch regulates the phosphatase activity of bifunctional HisKA-family histidine kinases. 
  • A phosphatase controls the fate of receptor-regulated Smads. 
  • A prospective view on phosphatases and replicative senescence. 
  • A role for Cdc2- and PP2A-mediated regulation of Emi2 in the maintenance of CSF arrest. 
  • A role for PP1 in the Cdc2/Cyclin B-mediated positive feedback activation of Cdc25. 
  • A role for the Ppz Ser/Thr protein phosphatases in the regulation of translation elongation factor 1Balpha. 
  • A selective inhibitor of eIF2alpha dephosphorylation protects cells from ER stress. 
  • A signaling complex of Ca2+-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV and protein phosphatase 2A. 
  • A signalling pathway controlling c-Myc degradation that impacts oncogenic transformation of human cells. 
  • ATM-dependent suppression of stress signaling reduces vascular disease in metabolic syndrome. 
  • Abscisic acid activation of plasma membrane Ca(2+) channels in guard cells requires cytosolic NAD(P)H and is differentially disrupted upstream and downstream of reactive oxygen species production in abi1-1 and abi2-1 protein phosphatase 2C mutants. 
  • Actin-associated neurabin-protein phosphatase-1 complex regulates hippocampal plasticity. 
  • Activation of SV40 DNA replication in vitro by cellular protein phosphatase 2A. 
  • Activation of the sphingomyelin cycle by brefeldin A: effects of brefeldin A on differentiation and implications for a role for ceramide in regulation of protein trafficking. 
  • Affinity chromatography of regulatory subunits of protein phosphatase-1. 
  • Altered Twist1 and Hand2 dimerization is associated with Saethre-Chotzen syndrome and limb abnormalities. 
  • An Akt/beta-arrestin 2/PP2A signaling complex mediates dopaminergic neurotransmission and behavior. 
  • An heregulin-EGFR-HER3 autocrine signaling axis can mediate acquired lapatinib resistance in HER2+ breast cancer models. 
  • Analysis of protein phosphatases: toolbox for unraveling cell signaling networks. 
  • Analysis of sites phosphorylated on acetyl-CoA carboxylase in response to insulin in isolated adipocytes. Comparison with sites phosphorylated by casein kinase-2 and the calmodulin-dependent multiprotein kinase. 
  • Angiotensin II type 2 receptor mediates programmed cell death. 
  • Angiotensin type 2 receptor dephosphorylates Bcl-2 by activating mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 and induces apoptosis. 
  • Antifungal effects of cyclosporine and FK 506 are mediated via immunophilin-dependent calcineurin inhibition. 
  • Assignment of human protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit genes b56alpha, b56beta, b56gamma, b56delta, and b56epsilon (PPP2R5A-PPP2R5E), highly expressed in muscle and brain, to chromosome regions 1q41, 11q12, 3p21, 6p21.1, and 7p11.2 --> p12. 
  • Autoinhibition of casein kinase I epsilon (CKI epsilon) is relieved by protein phosphatases and limited proteolysis. 
  • B56-associated protein phosphatase 2A is required for survival and protects from apoptosis in Drosophila melanogaster. 
  • Bepridil and cetiedil. Vasodilators which inhibit Ca2+-dependent calmodulin interactions with erythrocyte membranes. 
  • Both phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of ASF/SF2 are required for pre-mRNA splicing in vitro. 
  • Cadmium is a potent inhibitor of PPM phosphatases and targets the M1 binding site. 
  • Calcineurin is essential in cyclosporin A- and FK506-sensitive yeast strains. 
  • Calcineurin is required for virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Calcineurin mutants render T lymphocytes resistant to cyclosporin A. 
  • Casein kinase I phosphorylates and destabilizes the beta-catenin degradation complex. 
  • Cellular mechanisms regulating protein phosphatase-1. A key functional interaction between inhibitor-2 and the type 1 protein phosphatase catalytic subunit. 
  • Characterization of neuronal protein phosphatases in Aplysia californica. 
  • Chiral action at a distance: remote substituent effects on the optical activity of calyculins A and B. 
  • Control of cell function by reversible protein phosphorylation. 
  • Control of cholecystokinin receptor dephosphorylation in pancreatic acinar cells. 
  • Control of simian virus 40 DNA replication by the HeLa cell nuclear kinase casein kinase I. 
  • Conversion of protein phosphatase 1 catalytic subunit to a Mn(2+)-dependent enzyme impairs its regulation by inhibitor 1. 
  • Deactylase inhibitors disrupt cellular complexes containing protein phosphatases and deacetylases. 
  • Dephosphorylation of ezrin as an early event in renal microvillar breakdown and anoxic injury. 
  • Dephosphorylation of the beta 2-adrenergic receptor and rhodopsin by latent phosphatase 2. 
  • Derangements of hippocampal calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II in a mouse model for Angelman mental retardation syndrome. 
  • Detection of phosphorylation by enzymatic techniques. 
  • Different oligomeric forms of protein phosphatase 2A activate and inhibit simian virus 40 DNA replication. 
  • Differential expression of the B'beta regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 2A modulates tyrosine hydroxylase phosphorylation and catecholamine synthesis. 
  • Distinctive regulatory and metabolic properties of glycogen-targeting subunits of protein phosphatase-1 (PTG, GL, GM/RGl) expressed in hepatocytes. 
  • Domain II of calmodulin is involved in activation of calcineurin. 
  • Dopamine D2 receptor relies upon PPM/PP2C protein phosphatases to dephosphorylate huntingtin protein. 
  • Dual Ser and Thr phosphorylation of CPI-17, an inhibitor of myosin phosphatase, by MYPT-associated kinase. 
  • Effects of cyclic adenosine 3': 5'-monophosphate on phosphoprotein kinase and phosphatase fractions prepared from rat liver nuclei. 
  • Effects of tacrolimus (FK506) on human insulin gene expression, insulin mRNA levels, and insulin secretion in HIT-T15 cells. 
  • Effects of the tumour promoter okadaic acid on intracellular protein phosphorylation and metabolism. 
  • Enhanced activity and level of protein kinase A in the spinal cord supernatant of diisopropyl phosphorofluoridate (DFP)-treated hens. Distribution of protein kinases and phosphatases in spinal cord subcellular fractions. 
  • Evidence that activation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase by insulin in adipocytes is mediated by a low-Mr effector and not by increased phosphorylation. 
  • Exome sequencing identifies somatic gain-of-function PPM1D mutations in brainstem gliomas. 
  • Expression and glycogenic effect of glycogen-targeting protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit GL in cultured human muscle. 
  • Expression of a peptide inhibitor of protein phosphatase 1 increases phosphorylation and activity of CREB in NIH 3T3 fibroblasts. 
  • Expression of human protein phosphatase-1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae highlights the role of phosphatase isoforms in regulating eukaryotic functions. 
  • From promiscuity to precision: protein phosphatases get a makeover. 
  • Gating of CaMKII by cAMP-regulated protein phosphatase activity during LTP. 
  • Gene disruption by biolistic transformation in serotype D strains of Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Glucocorticoid-induced osteogenesis is negatively regulated by Runx2/Cbfa1 serine phosphorylation. 
  • Glycogen-targeting subunits and glucokinase differentially affect pathways of glycogen metabolism and their regulation in hepatocytes. 
  • Growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD34 assembles a novel signaling complex containing protein phosphatase 1 and inhibitor 1. 
  • Growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD34 targets protein phosphatase 1 alpha to the endoplasmic reticulum and promotes dephosphorylation of the alpha subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2. 
  • Hepatic expression of a targeting subunit of protein phosphatase-1 in streptozotocin-diabetic rats reverses hyperglycemia and hyperphagia despite depressed glucokinase expression. 
  • Human protein phosphatase PP6 regulatory subunits provide Sit4-dependent and rapamycin-sensitive sap function in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 
  • Hyperphosphorylation of heat shock transcription factor 1 is correlated with transcriptional competence and slow dissociation of active factor trimers. 
  • Identification of a new family of protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunits. 
  • Identification of cellular protein phosphatase-1 regulators. 
  • Identification of protein phosphatase-1-binding proteins by microcystin-biotin affinity chromatography. 
  • Identification, characterization, and functional correlation of calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase in sperm. 
  • Identification, cloning, and expression of a cytosolic megakaryocyte protein-tyrosine-phosphatase with sequence homology to cytoskeletal protein 4.1. 
  • Identifying protein phosphatase 2A interacting proteins using the yeast two-hybrid method. 
  • Immunological approach to the study of hormone action: regulation of the phosphorylation state of protein phosphatase inhibitor-1 by hormones. 
  • Immunophilins interact with calcineurin in the absence of exogenous immunosuppressive ligands. 
  • Immunosuppressant target protein FKBP12 is required for P-glycoprotein function in yeast. 
  • Importance of a surface hydrophobic pocket on protein phosphatase-1 catalytic subunit in recognizing cellular regulators. 
  • Importance of the beta12-beta13 loop in protein phosphatase-1 catalytic subunit for inhibition by toxins and mammalian protein inhibitors. 
  • Increase in liver protein phosphatase-1 in spontaneously diabetic Chinese hamsters. 
  • Increased activity of phosphatase PP2A in the presence of the PlA2 polymorphism of alphaIIbbeta3. 
  • Inhibitor-1 interaction domain that mediates the inhibition of protein phosphatase-1. 
  • Inhibitor-1, a regulator of protein phosphatase 1 function. 
  • Insulin activates a novel adipocyte mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase that shows rapid phasic kinetics and is distinct from c-Raf. 
  • Integrated genomic profiling of chronic lymphocytic leukemia identifies subtypes of deletion 13q14. 
  • Interleukin-3-induced activation of the JAK/STAT pathway is prolonged by proteasome inhibitors. 
  • Involvement of a calcineurin/inhibitor-1 phosphatase cascade in hippocampal long-term depression. 
  • Isolation of an active fragment of protein phosphatase inhibitor-I from rabbit skeletal muscle. 
  • Kinase and phosphatase activities intimately associated with a reconstituted calcium-dependent potassium channel. 
  • Kinetic analysis of the catalytic domain of human cdc25B. 
  • Long-term potentiation induced by theta frequency stimulation is regulated by a protein phosphatase-1-operated gate. 
  • Maintenance of G2 arrest in the Xenopus oocyte: a role for 14-3-3-mediated inhibition of Cdc25 nuclear import. 
  • Mechanism of activation of simian virus 40 DNA replication by protein phosphatase 2A. 
  • Mechanisms of beta-adrenergic receptor desensitization and resensitization. 
  • Meeting report: targeting protein phosphatases-medicines for the new millenium. 
  • Microcystin-LR, a potent protein phosphatase inhibitor, prolongs the serotonin- and cAMP-induced currents in sensory neurons of Aplysia californica. 
  • Mitotic phosphatase activity is required for MCC maintenance during the spindle checkpoint. 
  • Modulation of calcium-activated potassium channels from rat brain by protein kinase A and phosphatase 2A. 
  • Molecular cloning and functional expression of a recombinant 72.5 kDa fragment of the 110 kDa regulatory subunit of smooth muscle protein phosphatase 1M. 
  • Molecular determinants of nuclear protein phosphatase-1 regulation by NIPP-1. 
  • Molecular mechanisms of immunosuppression by cyclosporine, FK506, and rapamycin. 
  • Multiple interactions within the AKAP220 signaling complex contribute to protein phosphatase 1 regulation. 
  • Multiple structural elements define the specificity of recombinant human inhibitor-1 as a protein phosphatase-1 inhibitor. 
  • Mutational analysis of the coding regions of the genes encoding protein kinase B-alpha and -beta, phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1, phosphatase targeting to glycogen, protein phosphatase inhibitor-1, and glycogenin: lessons from a search for genetic variability of the insulin-stimulated glycogen synthesis pathway of skeletal muscle in NIDDM patients. 
  • Mutations of the serine phosphorylated in the protein phosphatase-1-binding motif in the skeletal muscle glycogen-targeting subunit. 
  • Mutations that perturb cyclophilin A ligand binding pocket confer cyclosporin A resistance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 
  • Neurabin/protein phosphatase-1 complex regulates dendritic spine morphogenesis and maturation. 
  • Neurabins recruit protein phosphatase-1 and inhibitor-2 to the actin cytoskeleton. 
  • Neurofilament-L is a protein phosphatase-1-binding protein associated with neuronal plasma membrane and post-synaptic density. 
  • Nucleo-cytoplasmic interactions that control nuclear envelope breakdown and entry into mitosis in the sea urchin zygote. 
  • Okadaic acid induces both augmentation and inhibition of beta 2-adrenergic stimulation of cAMP accumulation in S49 lymphoma cells. 
  • Okadaic acid mimics the action of insulin in stimulating protein kinase activity in isolated adipocytes. The role of protein phosphatase 2a in attenuation of the signal. 
  • Oncogenic properties of PPM1D located within a breast cancer amplification epicenter at 17q23. 
  • Organizing glucose disposal: emerging roles of the glycogen targeting subunits of protein phosphatase-1. 
  • Overexpression of protein phosphatase 4 correlates with poor prognosis in patients with stage II pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. 
  • Overview of protein phosphorylation. 
  • PITK, a PP1 targeting subunit that modulates the phosphorylation of the transcriptional regulator hnRNP K. 
  • PKA, PKC, and the protein phosphatase 2A influence HAND factor function: a mechanism for tissue-specific transcriptional regulation. 
  • PP1 control of M phase entry exerted through 14-3-3-regulated Cdc25 dephosphorylation. 
  • PP6 controls T cell development and homeostasis by negatively regulating distal TCR signaling. 
  • PR48, a novel regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 2A, interacts with Cdc6 and modulates DNA replication in human cells. 
  • Phosphatase WIP1 regulates adult neurogenesis and WNT signaling during aging. 
  • Phosphatases driving mitosis: pushing the gas and lifting the brakes. 
  • Phosphoproteome analysis in yeast. 
  • Phosphorylation of the mammalian beta-adrenergic receptor by cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase. Regulation of the rate of receptor phosphorylation and dephosphorylation by agonist occupancy and effects on coupling of the receptor to the stimulatory guanine nucleotide regulatory protein. 
  • Phosphorylation of the myosin phosphatase target subunit by integrin-linked kinase. 
  • Phosphorylation/dephosphorylation of the beta-adrenergic receptor regulates its functional coupling to adenylate cyclase and subcellular distribution. 
  • Phosphotyrosine and phosphoprotein phosphatase activity of alkaline phosphatase in mineralizing cartilage. 
  • Physiologic importance of protein phosphatase inhibitors. 
  • Polyamine stimulation of protein phosphatase-2A from rat liver using a non-protein phosphoester substrate. 
  • Post-translational Regulation of FNIP1 Creates a Rheostat for the Molecular Chaperone Hsp90. 
  • Postreceptor signal transduction by cyclic adenosine monophosphate and the Ca2+-calmodulin complex. 
  • Potentiation of progesterone receptor-mediated transcription by the immunosuppressant FK506. 
  • Protein (serine and threonine) phosphate phosphatases. 
  • Protein Serine/Threonine Phosphatases: Keys to Unlocking Regulators and Substrates. 
  • Protein phosphatase 1 regulates assembly and function of the beta-catenin degradation complex. 
  • Protein phosphatase 1 regulates the stability of the circadian protein PER2. 
  • Protein phosphatase 1 regulation by inhibitors and targeting subunits. 
  • Protein phosphatase 2A activates the proapoptotic function of BAD in interleukin- 3-dependent lymphoid cells by a mechanism requiring 14-3-3 dissociation. 
  • Protein phosphatase 2A and its B56 regulatory subunit inhibit Wnt signaling in Xenopus. 
  • Protein phosphatase 2A dephosphorylates simian virus 40 large T antigen specifically at residues involved in regulation of DNA-binding activity. 
  • Protein phosphatase 2A inhibitors, I(1)(PP2A) and I(2)(PP2A), associate with and modify the substrate specificity of protein phosphatase 1. 
  • Protein phosphatase 2A: a panoply of enzymes. 
  • Protein phosphatase 5 is required for ATR-mediated checkpoint activation. 
  • Protein phosphatase regulation by endogenous inhibitors. 
  • Protein phosphatase-1 regulates outward K+ currents in sensory neurons of Aplysia californica. 
  • Protein phosphatases mediate depotentiation induced by high-intensity theta-burst stimulation. 
  • Protein phosphatases: recent progress. 
  • Protein phosphorylation: hormones, drugs, and bioregulation. 
  • Protein serine/threonine phosphatases in neuronal plasticity and disorders of learning and memory. 
  • Protein serine/threonine phosphatases--new avenues for cell regulation. 
  • Protein serine/threonine phosphatases: life, death, and sleeping. 
  • Protein tyrosine and serine-threonine phosphatases in the sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus: identification and potential functions. 
  • Protein tyrosine kinase and protein phosphatase signaling pathways regulate volume-sensitive chloride currents in a nonpigmented ciliary epithelial cell line. 
  • Purification and characterization of the mammalian myosin light chain phosphatase holoenzyme. The differential effects of the holoenzyme and its subunits on smooth muscle. 
  • Purification of the AMP-activated protein kinase on ATP-gamma-sepharose and analysis of its subunit structure. 
  • RIPK1 and PGAM5 Control Leishmania Replication through Distinct Mechanisms. 
  • Rapid identification of protein phosphatase 1-binding proteins by mixed peptide sequencing and data base searching. Characterization of a novel holoenzymic form of protein phosphatase 1. 
  • Receptor interconversion model of hormone action. 2. Requirement of both kinase and phosphatase activities for conferring estrogen binding activity to the estrogen receptor. 
  • Reg1p targets protein phosphatase 1 to dephosphorylate hexokinase II in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: characterizing the effects of a phosphatase subunit on the yeast proteome. 
  • Regions of the 110-kDa regulatory subunit M110 required for regulation of myosin-light-chain-phosphatase activity in smooth muscle. 
  • Regulation and function of the calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV/protein serine/threonine phosphatase 2A signaling complex. 
  • Regulation and function of the muscle glycogen-targeting subunit of protein phosphatase 1 (GM) in human muscle cells depends on the COOH-terminal region and glycogen content. 
  • Regulation of BRCA1 phosphorylation by interaction with protein phosphatase 1alpha. 
  • Regulation of beta-catenin signaling by the B56 subunit of protein phosphatase 2A. 
  • Regulation of casein kinase I epsilon and casein kinase I delta by an in vivo futile phosphorylation cycle. 
  • Regulation of cell cycle progression and nuclear affinity of the retinoblastoma protein by protein phosphatases. 
  • Regulation of epithelial chloride channels by protein phosphatase. 
  • Regulation of mammalian autophagy by class II and III PI 3-kinases through PI3P synthesis. 
  • Regulation of myosin light chain phosphorylation in the trabecular meshwork: role in aqueous humour outflow facility. 
  • Regulation of synaptic strength by protein phosphatase 1. 
  • Regulation of the association of adducin with actin filaments by Rho-associated kinase (Rho-kinase) and myosin phosphatase. 
  • Regulation of thromboxane receptor (TP) phosphorylation by protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) and PP2A. 
  • Regulatory interactions between the Reg1-Glc7 protein phosphatase and the Snf1 protein kinase. 
  • Requirement of protein phosphatase 5 in DNA-damage-induced ATM activation. 
  • Reversal of diet-induced glucose intolerance by hepatic expression of a variant glycogen-targeting subunit of protein phosphatase-1. 
  • Reversible protein phosphorylation regulates circadian rhythms. 
  • Reversible protein phosphorylation. Preface. 
  • Role for the PP2A/B56delta phosphatase in regulating 14-3-3 release from Cdc25 to control mitosis. 
  • Role of calcium in T-lymphocyte activation. 
  • Role of farnesyltransferase in ABA regulation of guard cell anion channels and plant water loss. 
  • Selective activation and inhibition of calmodulin-dependent enzymes by a calmodulin-like protein found in human epithelial cells. 
  • Smooth muscle myosin phosphatase-associated kinase induces Ca2+ sensitization via myosin phosphatase inhibition. 
  • Smooth muscle phosphatase is regulated in vivo by exclusion of phosphorylation of threonine 696 of MYPT1 by phosphorylation of Serine 695 in response to cyclic nucleotides. 
  • Stimulation of thymocyte proliferation by phosphorothioate DNA oligonucleotides. 
  • Structural basis for allosteric control of the transcription regulator CcpA by the phosphoprotein HPr-Ser46-P. 
  • Synthesis and use of the protein phosphatase affinity matrices microcystin-sepharose and microcystin-biotin-sepharose. 
  • TOR controls transcriptional and translational programs via Sap-Sit4 protein phosphatase signaling effectors. 
  • Targeting phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor-2α to treat human disease. 
  • Targeting protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) to the actin cytoskeleton: the neurabin I/PP1 complex regulates cell morphology. 
  • Targets of immunophilin-immunosuppressant complexes are distinct highly conserved regions of calcineurin A. 
  • The B56 family of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) regulatory subunits encodes differentiation-induced phosphoproteins that target PP2A to both nucleus and cytoplasm. 
  • The CUL7/F-box and WD repeat domain containing 8 (CUL7/Fbxw8) ubiquitin ligase promotes degradation of hematopoietic progenitor kinase 1. 
  • The G-protein-coupled receptor phosphatase: a protein phosphatase type 2A with a distinct subcellular distribution and substrate specificity. 
  • The Mitochondrial Phosphatase PGAM5 Is Dispensable for Necroptosis but Promotes Inflammasome Activation in Macrophages. 
  • The TOR signal transduction cascade controls cellular differentiation in response to nutrients. 
  • The calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase catalytic subunit (calcineurin A) is an essential gene in Aspergillus nidulans. 
  • The calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase catalytic subunit (calcineurin A) is an essential gene in Aspergillus nidulans. 
  • The catalytic subunits of protein phosphatase-1 and protein phosphatase 2A are distinct gene products. 
  • The immunosuppressant FK506 and its nonimmunosuppressive analog L-685,818 are toxic to Cryptococcus neoformans by inhibition of a common target protein. 
  • The inhibitor-1 C terminus facilitates hormonal regulation of cellular protein phosphatase-1: functional implications for inhibitor-1 isoforms. 
  • The mitotic peptidyl-prolyl isomerase, Pin1, interacts with Cdc25 and Plx1. 
  • The neuronal actin-binding proteins, neurabin I and neurabin II, recruit specific isoforms of protein phosphatase-1 catalytic subunits. 
  • The protein phosphatases involved in cellular regulation. Antibody to protein phosphatase-2A as a probe of phosphatase structure and function. 
  • The role of calcium-independent phospholipase A2γ in modulation of aqueous humor drainage and Ca2+ sensitization of trabecular meshwork contraction. 
  • The role of protein phosphatases in synaptic transmission, plasticity and neuronal development. 
  • The role of protein phosphorylation in therapy resistance and disease progression in chronic myelogenous leukemia. 
  • The role of sequestration in G protein-coupled receptor resensitization. Regulation of beta2-adrenergic receptor dephosphorylation by vesicular acidification. 
  • Transcriptional attenuation following cAMP induction requires PP-1-mediated dephosphorylation of CREB. 
  • Translating protein phosphatase research into treatments for neurodegenerative diseases. 
  • Two conserved domains in regulatory B subunits mediate binding to the A subunit of protein phosphatase 2A. 
  • Use of okadaic acid to inhibit protein phosphatases in intact cells. 
  • Use of protein phosphatase inhibitors. 
  • Use of protein phosphatase inhibitors. 
  • YbiV from Escherichia coli K12 is a HAD phosphatase. 
  • cis-Proline-mediated Ser(P)5 dephosphorylation by the RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain phosphatase Ssu72. 
  • vph6 mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae require calcineurin for growth and are defective in vacuolar H(+)-ATPase assembly.