Phylogeny

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  Subject Areas on Research

  • "Giant" tamarin from the Miocene of Colombia. 
  • . Loss of sexual recombination and segregation is associated with increased diversification in evening primroses. 
  • 100 years of primate paleontology. 
  • 137 ancient human genomes from across the Eurasian steppes. 
  • 17^th Century Variola Virus Reveals the Recent History of Smallpox. 
  • 29 mammalian genomes reveal novel exaptations of mobile elements for likely regulatory functions in the human genome. 
  • A Fringe-modified Notch signal affects specification of mesoderm and endoderm in the sea urchin embryo. 
  • A High-Resolution Time Series Reveals Distinct Seasonal Patterns of Planktonic Fungi at a Temperate Coastal Ocean Site (Beaufort, North Carolina, USA). 
  • A Rapidly Evolving Polybasic Motif Modulates Bacterial Detection by Guanylate Binding Proteins. 
  • A Systematic Analysis of Mosquito-Microbiome Biosynthetic Gene Clusters Reveals Antimalarial Siderophores that Reduce Mosquito Reproduction Capacity. 
  • A TOMM40 variable-length polymorphism predicts the age of late-onset Alzheimer's disease. 
  • A calcaneus attributable to the primitive late Eocene anthropoid Proteopithecus sylviae: phenetic affinities and phylogenetic implications. 
  • A catalog of neutral and deleterious polymorphism in yeast. 
  • A class of viral inducer of degradation of the necroptosis adaptor RIPK3 regulates virus-induced inflammation. 
  • A closely-related clade of globally distributed bloom-forming cyanobacteria within the Nostocales. 
  • A cluster of HIV type 1 subtype C sequences from Ethiopia, observed in full genome analysis, is not sustained in subgenomic regions. 
  • A comparative analysis of temporomandibular joint morphology in the African apes. 
  • A comparative study of leukocyte counts and disease risk in primates. 
  • A comparative study of white blood cell counts and disease risk in carnivores. 
  • A comparison of major histocompatibility complex SNPs in Han Chinese residing in Taiwan and Caucasians. 
  • A comparison of sequencing platforms and bioinformatics pipelines for compositional analysis of the gut microbiome. 
  • A comparison of the community diversity of foliar fungal endophytes between seedling and adult loblolly pines (Pinus taeda). 
  • A comparison of the genes coding for canonical TRP channels and their M, V and P relatives. 
  • A comprehensive panel of near-full-length clones and reference sequences for non-subtype B isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. 
  • A conserved acidic patch in the Myb domain is required for activation of an endogenous target gene and for chromatin binding. 
  • A critique of homology as a morphological concept. 
  • A digital collection of rare and endangered lemurs and other primates from the Duke Lemur Center. 
  • A dimensionless number for understanding the evolutionary dynamics of antigenically variable RNA viruses 
  • A distal enhancer and an ultraconserved exon are derived from a novel retroposon. 
  • A eukaryote-like cardiolipin synthase is present in Streptomyces coelicolor and in most actinobacteria. 
  • A first complete phylogenomic hypothesis for diploid blueberries (Vaccinium section Cyanococcus). 
  • A five-gene phylogeny of Pezizomycotina. 
  • A fossil primate of uncertain affinities from the earliest late Eocene of Egypt. 
  • A framework phylogeny of the American oak clade based on sequenced RAD data. 
  • A gain-of-function mutation in IAA16 confers reduced responses to auxin and abscisic acid and impedes plant growth and fertility. 
  • A gain-of-function mutation in a plant disease resistance gene leads to constitutive activation of downstream signal transduction pathways in the snc1 mutant 
  • A generalized least-squares estimate for the origin of sporophytic self-incompatibility. 
  • A genetic legacy of introgression confounds phylogeny and biogeography in oaks. 
  • A genome-wide survey of copy number variations in Han Chinese residing in Taiwan. 
  • A genome-wide survey of the evolutionarily conserved Wnt pathways in the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. 
  • A genomic catalog of Earth's microbiomes. 
  • A global meta-analysis of Tuber ITS rDNA sequences: species diversity, host associations and long-distance dispersal. 
  • A glucan synthase FKS1 homolog in cryptococcus neoformans is single copy and encodes an essential function. 
  • A high-resolution map of human evolutionary constraint using 29 mammals. 
  • A higher-level phylogenetic classification of the Fungi 
  • A hot-vent gastropod with iron sulfide dermal sclerites. 
  • A kinesin family tree. 
  • A molecular phylogeny of the fern family Pteridaceae: assessing overall relationships and the affinities of previously unsampled genera 
  • A molecular phylogeny of the flagellated fungi (Chytridiomycota) and description of a new phylum (Blastocladiomycota). 
  • A multi-locus molecular phylogeny of the Lepidoziaceae: laying the foundations for a stable classification. 
  • A multifactor analysis of fungal and bacterial community structure in the root microbiome of mature Populus deltoides trees. 
  • A multigene phylogenetic synthesis for the class Lecanoromycetes (Ascomycota): 1307 fungi representing 1139 infrageneric taxa, 317 genera and 66 families. 
  • A multimodal cell census and atlas of the mammalian primary motor cortex. 
  • A new circulating recombinant form, CRF15_01B, reinforces the linkage between IDU and heterosexual epidemics in Thailand. 
  • A new emu genome illuminates the evolution of genome configuration and nuclear architecture of avian chromosomes. 
  • A new fully automated approach for aligning and comparing shapes. 
  • A new kinesin tree. 
  • A new lineage in Pucciniomycotina: class Tritirachiomycetes, order Tritirachiales, family Tritirachiaceae. 
  • A new perspective on lower metazoan relationships from 18S rDNA sequences. 
  • A new phylogenetic data standard for computable clade definitions: the Phyloreference Exchange Format (Phyx). 
  • A new pitheciin primate from the middle Miocene of Argentina. 
  • A non-lens member of the beta gamma-crystallin superfamily in a vertebrate, the amphibian Cynops. 
  • A note on RNA polymerase phylogeny. 
  • A novel experimental system using the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha and its fungal endophytes reveals diverse and context-dependent effects. 
  • A novel method for comparative analysis of retinal specialization traits from topographic maps. 
  • A novel murine protein with no effect on iron homoeostasis is homologous with transferrin and is the putative inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase. 
  • A novel thermostable branching enzyme from an extremely thermophilic bacterial species, Rhodothermus obamensis. 
  • A phylogeny of Adelanthaceae (Jungermanniales, Marchantiophyta) based on nuclear and chloroplast DNA markers, with comments on classification, cryptic speciation and biogeography. 
  • A phylogeny of the northern temperate leafy liverwort genus Scapania (Scapaniaceae, Jungermanniales). 
  • A phylogeographically distinct and deep divergence in the widespread Neotropical turnip-tailed gecko, Thecadactylus rapicauda. 
  • A phylotranscriptomic analysis of gene family expansion and evolution in the largest order of pleurocarpous mosses (Hypnales, Bryophyta). 
  • A phylum-level phylogenetic classification of zygomycete fungi based on genome-scale data. 
  • A preliminary analysis of correlated evolution in Mammalian chewing motor patterns. 
  • A preliminary analysis of correlations between chewing motor patterns and mandibular morphology across mammals. 
  • A re-evaluation of 12S ribosomal RNA variability in Drosophila pseudoobscura. 
  • A recent outbreak of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in southern China was initiated by two highly homogeneous, geographically separated strains, circulating recombinant form AE and a novel BC recombinant. 
  • A refined model of the genomic basis for phenotypic variation in vertebrate hemostasis. 
  • A review of electroencephalographic features of normal sleep. 
  • A role for a lithium-inhibited Golgi nucleotidase in skeletal development and sulfation. 
  • A signature in HIV-1 envelope leader peptide associated with transition from acute to chronic infection impacts envelope processing and infectivity. 
  • A simulation test of Smith's "Degrees of freedom" correction for comparative studies. 
  • A stochastic evolutionary model for protein structure alignment and phylogeny. 
  • A suppressor/enhancer screen in Drosophila reveals a role for wnt-mediated lipid metabolism in primordial germ cell migration. 
  • A survey of plant and algal genomes and transcriptomes reveals new insights into the evolution and function of the cellulose synthase superfamily. 
  • A taxonomic monograph of Ipomoea integrated across phylogenetic scales. 
  • A time and a place for everything: phylogenetic history and geography as joint predictors of oak plastome phylogeny. 
  • A voltage-gated calcium-selective channel encoded by a sodium channel-like gene. 
  • A(r)Ray of hope in analysis of the function and diversity of microbial communities. 
  • Abrupt deceleration of molecular evolution linked to the origin of arborescence in ferns. 
  • Absolute brain size predicts dog breed differences in executive function. 
  • Abundance and diversity of Schizophyllum commune spore clouds in the Caribbean detected by selective sampling. 
  • Adaptive Transcriptome Profiling of Subterranean Zokor, Myospalax baileyi, to High- Altitude Stresses in Tibet. 
  • Adaptive evolution drives the diversification of zinc-finger binding domains. 
  • African origin of the malaria parasite Plasmodium vivax. 
  • African strains of hepatitis E virus that are distinct from Asian strains. 
  • Aging in the natural world: comparative data reveal similar mortality patterns across primates. 
  • Align or not to align? Resolving species complexes within the Caloplaca saxicola group as a case study. 
  • Allelic diversity and gene genealogy at the self-incompatibility locus in the Solanaceae. 
  • Allelic diversity in the TGFB1 regulatory region: characterization of novel functional single nucleotide polymorphisms. 
  • Alu Insertion Polymorphisms as Evidence for Population Structure in Baboons. 
  • Amt2 permease is required to induce ammonium-responsive invasive growth and mating in Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • An alignment-free method to identify candidate orthologous enhancers in multiple Drosophila genomes. 
  • An examination of the monophyly of morning glory taxa using Bayesian phylogenetic inference. 
  • An improved germline genome assembly for the sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus illuminates the evolution of germline-specific chromosomes. 
  • An in-depth investigation of cryptic taxonomic diversity in the rare endemic mustard Draba maguirei. 
  • An isolate of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 originally classified as subtype I represents a complex mosaic comprising three different group M subtypes (A, G, and I). 
  • Analyses of transcriptome sequences reveal multiple ancient large-scale duplication events in the ancestor of Sphagnopsida (Bryophyta). 
  • Analysis of Dengue Serotype 4 in Sri Lanka during the 2012-2013 Dengue Epidemic. 
  • Analysis of genes coding for small-subunit rRNA sequences in studying phylogenetics of dematiaceous fungal pathogens. 
  • Analysis of genes coding for small-subunit rRNA sequences in studying phylogenetics of dematiaceous fungal pathogens. 
  • Analysis of partial pol and env sequences indicates a high prevalence of HIV type 1 recombinant strains circulating in Gabon. 
  • Analysis of synaptic gene expression in the neocortex of primates reveals evolutionary changes in glutamatergic neurotransmission. 
  • Analysis of the mouse transcriptome for genes involved in the function of the nervous system. 
  • Ancestral and consensus envelope immunogens for HIV-1 subtype C. 
  • Ancestral population genomics: the coalescent hidden Markov model approach. 
  • Ancient DNA from Megaladapis edwardsi. 
  • Ancient DNA from giant extinct lemurs confirms single origin of Malagasy primates. 
  • Ancient Gene Duplications, Rather Than Polyploidization, Facilitate Diversification of Petal Pigmentation Patterns in Clarkia gracilis (Onagraceae). 
  • Ancient West African foragers in the context of African population history. 
  • Ancient and recent patterns of geographic speciation in the oyster mushroom Pleurotus revealed by phylogenetic analysis of ribosomal DNA sequences. 
  • Ancient and recent positive selection transformed opioid cis-regulation in humans. 
  • Ancient bacterial endosymbionts of insects: Genomes as sources of insight and springboards for inquiry. 
  • Ancient co-speciation of simian foamy viruses and primates. 
  • Ancient polymorphism and functional variation in the primate MHC-DQA1 5' cis-regulatory region. 
  • Ancient single origin for Malagasy primates. 
  • Annual Partitioning Patterns of Labyrinthulomycetes Protists Reveal Their Multifaceted Role in Marine Microbial Food Webs. 
  • Anthropoid origins. 
  • Anthropology. New World monkey origins. 
  • Antibody light-chain-restricted recognition of the site of immune pressure in the RV144 HIV-1 vaccine trial is phylogenetically conserved. 
  • Application and accuracy of molecular phylogenies. 
  • Aquacultured rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) possess a large core intestinal microbiota that is resistant to variation in diet and rearing density. 
  • Aquaporins in Saccharomyces. Genetic and functional distinctions between laboratory and wild-type strains. 
  • Arabidopsis CAND1, an unmodified CUL1-interacting protein, is involved in multiple developmental pathways controlled by ubiquitin/proteasome-mediated protein Degradation. 
  • Are neuromotor systems conserved in evolution? 
  • Aridity drove the evolution of extreme embolism resistance and the radiation of conifer genus Callitris. 
  • Arthropod relationships revealed by phylogenomic analysis of nuclear protein-coding sequences. 
  • Asexual organisms, identity and vertical gene transfer. 
  • Assessing Bayesian Phylogenetic Information Content of Morphological Data Using Knowledge From Anatomy Ontologies. 
  • Assessing population structure and host specialization in lichenized cyanobacteria. 
  • Assessing reproductive isolation in highly diverse communities of the lichen-forming fungal genus peltigera. 
  • Assignment of the agent of Tyzzer's disease to Clostridium piliforme comb. nov. on the basis of 16S rRNA sequence analysis. 
  • Association Between Breast Milk Bacterial Communities and Establishment and Development of the Infant Gut Microbiome. 
  • Association between 16S-23S internal transcribed spacer sequence groups of Mycobacterium avium complex and pulmonary disease. 
  • Association of mtDNA haplogroup F with healthy longevity in the female Chuang population, China. 
  • Astragalar morphology of Afradapis, a large adapiform primate from the earliest late Eocene of Egypt. 
  • Avian Binocularity and Adaptation to Nocturnal Environments: Genomic Insights from a Highly Derived Visual Phenotype. 
  • Avian genomes. A flock of genomes. Introduction. 
  • Bacterial community responses to a gradient of alkaline mountaintop mine drainage in Central Appalachian streams. 
  • Bacteriophage flux in endosymbionts (Wolbachia): infection frequency, lateral transfer, and recombination rates. 
  • Bamboo Specialists from Two Mammalian Orders (Primates, Carnivora) Share a High Number of Low-Abundance Gut Microbes. 
  • Bayes or bootstrap? A simulation study comparing the performance of Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling and bootstrapping in assessing phylogenetic confidence. 
  • Beyond MRI: on the scientific value of combining non-human primate neuroimaging with metadata. 
  • Beyond bacteria: a study of the enteric microbial consortium in extremely low birth weight infants. 
  • Biochemical, cell biological and immunological issues surrounding the endoplasmic reticulum chaperone GRP94/gp96. 
  • Biodiversity and Topographic Complexity: Modern and Geohistorical Perspectives. 
  • Biogeography in deep time - What do phylogenetics, geology, and paleoclimate tell us about early platyrrhine evolution? 
  • Biomechanics of running indicates endothermy in bipedal dinosaurs. 
  • Birdsong neuroscience and the evolutionary substrates of learned vocalization. 
  • Blurring the edges in vertebrate sex determination. 
  • Bocavirus episome in infected human tissue contains non-identical termini. 
  • Bone-associated gene evolution and the origin of flight in birds. 
  • Broadening primate genomics: new insights into the ecology and evolution of primate gene regulation. 
  • Broadly neutralizing human antibody that recognizes the receptor-binding pocket of influenza virus hemagglutinin. 
  • Bryophyte diversity and evolution: windows into the early evolution of land plants. 
  • Caenorhabditis elegans generates biologically relevant levels of genotoxic metabolites from aflatoxin B1 but not benzo[a]pyrene in vivo 
  • Can three incongruence tests predict when data should be combined? 
  • Captivity humanizes the primate microbiome. 
  • Cardiac xenografts between primate species provide evidence for the importance of the alpha-galactosyl determinant in hyperacute rejection. 
  • Catarrhine hallucal metatarsals from the early Miocene site of Songhor, Kenya. 
  • Changes in gene expression associated with reproductive maturation in wild female baboons. 
  • Characterization of Mycobacterium montefiorense sp. nov., a novel pathogenic Mycobacterium from moray eels that is related to Mycobacterium triplex. 
  • Characterization of a new family of protein kinases from Arabidopsis containing phosphoinositide 3/4-kinase and ubiquitin-like domains. 
  • Characterization of the Transmitted Virus in an Ongoing HIV-1 Epidemic Driven by Injecting Drug Use. 
  • Characterization of the interleukin 1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4)-encoding gene in salmonid fish: the functional copy is rearranged in Oncorhynchus mykiss and that factor can impair TLR signaling in mammalian cells. 
  • Characterization of the rRNA genes of Ehrlichia chaffeensis and Anaplasma phagocytophila. 
  • Characterization of turkey inducible nitric oxide synthase and identification of its expression in the intestinal epithelium following astrovirus infection. 
  • Characterizing the phylogenetic specialism-generalism spectrum of mammal parasites. 
  • Chemical characterization of oligosaccharides in the milk of six species of New and Old World monkeys. 
  • Chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 5-using envelopes predominate in dual/mixed-tropic HIV from the plasma of drug-naive individuals. 
  • Chicken perinatal troponin Ts are generated by a combination of novel and phylogenetically conserved alternative splicing pathways. 
  • Chimpanzees return favors at a personal cost. 
  • Chordin is required for neural but not axial development in sea urchin embryos. 
  • Cladistic analysis and anthropoid origins. 
  • Class-level relationships in the phylum Cnidaria: evidence from mitochondrial genome structure. 
  • Class-level relationships in the phylum Cnidaria: molecular and morphological evidence. 
  • Classification tree methods provide a multifactorial approach to predicting insular body size evolution in rodents. 
  • Clinical and environmental isolates of Cryptococcus gattii from Australia that retain sexual fecundity. 
  • Clinical implications of discordant viral and immune outcomes following protease inhibitor containing antiretroviral therapy for HIV-infected children. 
  • Clonal amplification and maternal-infant transmission of nevirapine-resistant HIV-1 variants in breast milk following single-dose nevirapine prophylaxis. 
  • Clonal analysis of human anti-V3 monoclonal antibodies selected by a V3 tetramer. 
  • Clonal and spontaneous origins of fluconazole resistance in Candida albicans. 
  • Clonal sequences recovered from plasma from patients with residual HIV-1 viremia and on intensified antiretroviral therapy are identical to replicating viral RNAs recovered from circulating resting CD4+ T cells. 
  • Clonality and recombination in genetically differentiated subgroups of Cryptococcus gattii. 
  • Cluster of oseltamivir-resistant 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus infections on a hospital ward among immunocompromised patients--North Carolina, 2009. 
  • Co-evolution of a broadly neutralizing HIV-1 antibody and founder virus. 
  • Coculturing of Mosquito-Microbiome Bacteria Promotes Heme Degradation in Elizabethkingia anophelis. 
  • Colistin Resistance in Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae: Laboratory Detection and Impact on Mortality. 
  • Combination therapy with anti-HIV-1 antibodies maintains viral suppression. 
  • Combinatorial expression of TRPV channel proteins defines their sensory functions and subcellular localization in C. elegans neurons. 
  • Combining and comparing morphometric shape descriptors with a molecular phylogeny: the case of fruit type evolution in Bornean Lithocarpus (Fagaceae) 
  • Combining expression and comparative evolutionary analysis. The COBRA gene family. 
  • Comment on "Grasping primate origins". 
  • Community analysis reveals close affinities between endophytic and endolichenic fungi in mosses and lichens 
  • Compact organization of rRNA genes in the filamentous fungus Ashbya gossypii. 
  • Comparative Developmental Transcriptomics Reveals Rewiring of a Highly Conserved Gene Regulatory Network during a Major Life History Switch in the Sea Urchin Genus Heliocidaris. 
  • Comparative RNA sequencing reveals substantial genetic variation in endangered primates. 
  • Comparative anatomy and phylogenetic distribution of the mammalian cecal appendix. 
  • Comparative and functional genomics provide insights into the pathogenicity of dermatophytic fungi. 
  • Comparative and population mitogenomic analyses of Madagascar's extinct, giant 'subfossil' lemurs. 
  • Comparative cellular analysis of motor cortex in human, marmoset and mouse. 
  • Comparative evolutionary analysis of chalcone synthase and alcohol dehydrogenase loci in Arabidopsis, Arabis, and related genera (Brassicaceae). 
  • Comparative functional morphology of the primate peroneal process. 
  • Comparative gene genealogical analyses of strains of serotype AD identify recombination in populations of serotypes A and D in the human pathogenic yeast Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Comparative genetic mapping in Boechera stricta, a close relative of Arabidopsis. 
  • Comparative genomic analysis of fungal genomes reveals intron-rich ancestors. 
  • Comparative genomics and regulatory evolution: conservation and function of the Chs and Apetala3 promoters. 
  • Comparative genomics applied to Mucor species with different lifestyles. 
  • Comparative genomics in the Brassicaceae: a family-wide perspective. 
  • Comparative genomics of Mortierella elongata and its bacterial endosymbiont Mycoavidus cysteinexigens. 
  • Comparative genomics of mammalian hibernators using gene networks. 
  • Comparative genomics reveals insights into avian genome evolution and adaptation. 
  • Comparative phylogeography of unglaciated eastern North America. 
  • Comparative population structure of two deep-sea hydrothermal-vent-associated decapods (Chorocaris sp. 2 and Munidopsis lauensis) from southwestern Pacific back-arc basins. 
  • Comparative tests of evolutionary trade-offs in a palinurid lobster acoustic system. 
  • Comparative tests of parasite species richness in primates. 
  • Comparing levels of homoplasy in the primate skeleton. 
  • Comparing ontogenetic trajectories using growth process data. 
  • Comparison of 5.8S ribosomal DNA sequences among the basidiomycetous yeast genera Cystofilobasidium, Filobasidium and Filobasidiella. 
  • Comparison of fecal biota from specific pathogen free and feral mice. 
  • Comparison of likelihood and Bayesian methods for estimating divergence times using multiple gene Loci and calibration points, with application to a radiation of cute-looking mouse lemur species. 
  • Comparison of ribosomal DNA ITS regions among geographic isolates of Cenococcum geophilum. 
  • Comparison of the evolutionary dynamics of symbiotic and housekeeping loci: a case for the genetic coherence of rhizobial lineages. 
  • Comparison of viral Env proteins from acute and chronic infections with subtype C human immunodeficiency virus type 1 identifies differences in glycosylation and CCR5 utilization and suggests a new strategy for immunogen design. 
  • Competition for hummingbird pollination shapes flower color variation in Andean solanaceae. 
  • Complete genome analysis of one of the earliest SIVcpzPtt strains from Gabon (SIVcpzGAB2). 
  • Complete genome sequencing and analysis of six enterovirus 71 strains with different clinical phenotypes. 
  • Complex evolutionary trajectories of sex chromosomes across bird taxa. 
  • Complexities associated with the molecular and proteomic identification of Paecilomyces species in the clinical mycology laboratory. 
  • Concatenation and concordance in the reconstruction of mouse lemur phylogeny: an empirical demonstration of the effect of allele sampling in phylogenetics. 
  • Consensus and ancestral state HIV vaccines. 
  • Conservation and diversification of SCARECROW in maize. 
  • Conservation genomic analysis reveals ancient introgression and declining levels of genetic diversity in Madagascar's hibernating dwarf lemurs. 
  • Conservation of Y-linked genes during human evolution revealed by comparative sequencing in chimpanzee. 
  • Conservation of the chitin utilization pathway in the Vibrionaceae. 
  • Conservation, duplication, and loss of the Tor signaling pathway in the fungal kingdom. 
  • Conserved genomic collinearity as a source of broadly applicable, fast evolving, markers to resolve species complexes: A case study using the lichen-forming genus Peltigera section Polydactylon. 
  • Construction and phenotypic characterization of HIV type 1 functional envelope clones of subtypes G and F. 
  • Contrasting quaternary histories in an ecologically divergent sister pair of low-dispersing intertidal fish (Xiphister) revealed by multilocus DNA analysis. 
  • Contribution of RPB2 to multilocus phylogenetic studies of the euascomycetes (Pezizomycotina, Fungi) with special emphasis on the lichen-forming Acarosporaceae and evolution of polyspory. 
  • Contribution of aerobic photoheterotrophic bacteria to the carbon cycle in the ocean. 
  • Contribution of horizontal gene transfer to the evolution of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 
  • Contribution of neutral processes to the assembly of gut microbial communities in the zebrafish over host development. 
  • Contributions of North American endophytes to the phylogeny, ecology, and taxonomy of Xylariaceae (Sordariomycetes, Ascomycota). 
  • Convergent differential regulation of parvalbumin in the brains of vocal learners. 
  • Convergent evolution of a complex fruit structure in the tribe Brassiceae (Brassicaceae). 
  • Convergent evolution of anthropoid-like adaptations in Eocene adapiform primates. 
  • Convergent evolution of bacterial ceramide synthesis. 
  • Convergent evolution of chromosomal sex-determining regions in the animal and fungal kingdoms. 
  • Convergent evolution of escape from hepaciviral antagonism in primates. 
  • Convergent evolution of linked mating-type loci in basidiomycete fungi. 
  • Coordinated genome-wide modifications within proximal promoter cis-regulatory elements during vertebrate evolution 
  • Cordon-bleu is an actin nucleation factor and controls neuronal morphology. 
  • Cospeciation between bacterial endosymbionts (Buchnera) and a recent radiation of aphids (Uroleucon) and pitfalls of testing for phylogenetic congruence. 
  • Cospeciation of gut microbiota with hominids. 
  • Craniodental and humeral morphology of a new species of Masrasector (Teratodontinae, Hyaenodonta, Placentalia) from the late Eocene of Egypt and locomotor diversity in hyaenodonts. 
  • Cross-Reactive Immunity Among Flaviviruses. 
  • Cross-clade human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses in HIV-infected Zambians. 
  • Cryptic Patterns of Speciation in Cryptic Primates: Microendemic Mouse Lemurs and the Multispecies Coalescent. 
  • Cryptococcus gattii VGIII isolates causing infections in HIV/AIDS patients in Southern California: identification of the local environmental source as arboreal. 
  • Cryptococcus neoformans Recovered From Olive Trees (Olea europaea) in Turkey Reveal Allopatry With African and South American Lineages. 
  • Cryptococcus neoformans shows a remarkable genotypic diversity in Brazil. 
  • Culture-based study of endophytes associated with rubber trees in Peru reveals a new class of Pezizomycotina: Xylonomycetes. 
  • Cyanobacterial Blooms Are Not a Result of Positive Selection by Freshwater Eutrophication. 
  • Cyanobacterial ribosomal RNA genes with multiple, endonuclease-encoding group I introns 
  • Cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunits have divergent roles in virulence factor production in two varieties of the fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Darwinian genomics and diversity in the tree of life. 
  • Darwinius masillae is a strepsirrhine--a reply to Franzen et al. (2009). 
  • Dating branches on the tree of life using DNA. 
  • Deciding among green plants for whole genome studies. 
  • Deciphering human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmission and early envelope diversification by single-genome amplification and sequencing. 
  • Deep divergence and rapid evolutionary rates in gut-associated Acetobacteraceae of ants. 
  • Defining spatial and temporal patterns of phylogeographic structure in Madagascar's iguanid lizards (genus Oplurus). 
  • Delimiting species without nuclear monophyly in Madagascar's mouse lemurs. 
  • Dental formulae and dental eruption patterns in Parapithecidae (Primates, Anthropoidea). 
  • Dental topography of platyrrhines and prosimians: convergence and contrasts. 
  • Dependence of the cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus on hydrogen peroxide scavenging microbes for growth at the ocean's surface. 
  • Detection of diverse variants of human immunodeficiency virus-1 groups M, N, and O and simian immunodeficiency viruses from chimpanzees by using generic pol and env primer pairs. 
  • Development and application of a phylogenomic toolkit: resolving the evolutionary history of Madagascar's lemurs. 
  • Development of CRISPR as an Antiviral Strategy to Combat SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza. 
  • Development of Patient-specific AAV Vectors After Neutralizing Antibody Selection for Enhanced Muscle Gene Transfer. 
  • Development of a tier 1 R5 clade C simian-human immunodeficiency virus as a tool to test neutralizing antibody-based immunoprophylaxis. 
  • Development of an env gp41-based heteroduplex mobility assay for rapid human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtyping. 
  • Development of resistance mutations in women receiving standard antiretroviral therapy who received intrapartum nevirapine to prevent perinatal human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmission: a substudy of pediatric AIDS clinical trials group protocol 316. 
  • Developmental regulatory genes and echinoderm evolution. 
  • Developmental roles of pufferfish Hox clusters and genome evolution in ray-fin fish. 
  • Dietary inference from upper and lower molar morphology in platyrrhine primates. 
  • Dietary quality and encephalization in platyrrhine primates. 
  • Different evolutionary pathways of HIV-1 between fetus and mother perinatal transmission pairs indicate unique immune selection in fetuses. 
  • Different models, different trees: the geographic origin of PTLV-I. 
  • Differential expression of glutamate receptors in avian neural pathways for learned vocalization. 
  • Differential patterns of male and female mtDNA exchange across the Atlantic Ocean in the blue mussel, Mytilus edulis. 
  • Diploids in the Cryptococcus neoformans serotype A population homozygous for the alpha mating type originate via unisexual mating. 
  • Discovery of prosimian and afrotherian foamy viruses and potential cross species transmissions amidst stable and ancient mammalian co-evolution. 
  • Disentangling the Collema-Leptogium complex through a molecular phylogenetic study of the Collemataceae (Peltigerales, lichen-forming Ascomycota). 
  • Distribution and diversity of planktonic fungi in the West Pacific Warm Pool. 
  • Distribution and phylogenetic significance of the 71-kb inversion in the plastid genome in Funariidae (Bryophyta). 
  • Divergence dates for Malagasy lemurs estimated from multiple gene loci: geological and evolutionary context. 
  • Divergence in problem-solving skills is associated with differential expression of glutamate receptors in wild finches. 
  • Divergence of protein kinase A catalytic subunits in Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii illustrates evolutionary reconfiguration of a signaling cascade. 
  • Diversification and the evolution of dispersal ability in the tribe Brassiceae (Brassicaceae). 
  • Diversification before the most recent glaciation in Balanus glandula. 
  • Diversity and phylogenetic affinities of foliar fungal endophytes in loblolly pine inferred by culturing and environmental PCR. 
  • Diversity considerations in HIV-1 vaccine selection. 
  • Diversity in the weapons of sexual selection: horn evolution in the beetle genus Onthophagus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). 
  • Dmrt1 induces the male pathway in a turtle species with temperature-dependent sex determination. 
  • Do animals living in larger groups experience greater parasitism? A meta-analysis. 
  • Do asexual polyploid lineages lead short evolutionary lives? A case study from the fern genus Astrolepis 
  • Do forelimb shape and peak forces co-vary in strepsirrhines? 
  • Do threatened hosts have fewer parasites? A comparative study in primates. 
  • Does sleep play a role in memory consolidation? A comparative test. 
  • Donor-Derived Mycoplasma hominis and an Apparent Cluster of M. hominis Cases in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients. 
  • Draft genome of the fungicidal biological control agent Burkholderia anthina strain XXVI. 
  • Dramatic mitochondrial gene rearrangements in the hermit crab Pagurus longicarpus (Crustacea, anomura). 
  • Drosophila p120catenin plays a supporting role in cell adhesion but is not an essential adherens junction component. 
  • Drosophila stretchin-MLCK is a novel member of the Titin/Myosin light chain kinase family. 
  • Drug resistance and HCV coinfection in former blood donors infected with HIV type 1 in China. 
  • Dynamic evolution of base composition: causes and consequences in avian phylogenomics. 
  • Dynamic evolution of the alpha (α) and beta (β) keratins has accompanied integument diversification and the adaptation of birds into novel lifestyles. 
  • Earliest record of Platychoerops (Primates, Plesiadapidae), a new species from Mouras Quarry, Mont de Berru, France. 
  • Early specialization of the superfast myosin in extraocular and laryngeal muscles. 
  • EchinoDB, an application for comparative transcriptomics of deeply-sampled clades of echinoderms. 
  • Ecology and morphology of mouse lemurs (Microcebus spp.) in a hotspot of microendemism in northeastern Madagascar, with the description of a new species. 
  • Ecology drives a global network of gene exchange connecting the human microbiome. 
  • Ectomycorrhizal fungal community in a tropical forest dominated by the Neotropical Dipterocarp, Pakaraimea dipterocarpaceae 
  • Ectomycorrhizal fungal diversity and community structure on three co-occurring leguminous canopy tree species in a Neotropical rainforest 
  • Ectomycorrhizal fungal diversity in orchards of cultivated pecan (Carya illinoinensis; Juglandaceae). 
  • Ectopic Expression of OsJAZs Alters Plant Defense and Development. 
  • Effects of host extinction and vector preferences on vector-borne disease risk in phylogenetically structured host-hector communities. 
  • Effects of the distribution of female primates on the number of males. 
  • Embryonic expression of zebrafish MiT family genes tfe3b, tfeb, and tfec. 
  • Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 through recombination and strong purifying selection. 
  • Emerging HIV infections with distinct subtypes of HIV-1 infection among injection drug users from geographically separate locations in Guangxi Province, China. 
  • Enfumafungin synthase represents a novel lineage of fungal triterpene cyclases. 
  • Enhanced use of phylogenetic data to inform public health approaches to HIV among men who have sex with men. 
  • Environmental and anthropogenic controls over bacterial communities in wetland soils. 
  • Epidemiological investigation of vaginal Saccharomyces cerevisiae isolates by a genotypic method. 
  • Escape from adaptive conflict after duplication in an anthocyanin pathway gene. 
  • Estimating the normal background rate of species extinction. 
  • Estimation of primate speciation dates using local molecular clocks. 
  • Eulemur, me lemur: the evolution of scent-signal complexity in a primate clade. 
  • Eurotiomycetes: Eurotiomycetidae and Chaetothyriomycetidae. 
  • Evaluation of 23S rRNA PCR primers for use in phylogenetic studies of bacterial diversity. 
  • Evidence for GC-biased gene conversion as a driver of between-lineage differences in avian base composition. 
  • Evidence for a Cenozoic radiation of ferns in an angiosperm-dominated canopy 
  • Evidence for a grooming claw in a North American adapiform primate: implications for anthropoid origins. 
  • Evidence for a single loss of mineralized teeth in the common avian ancestor. 
  • Evidence for reciprocal origins in Polypodium hesperium (Polypodiaceae): A fern model system for investigating how multiple origins shape allopolyploid genomes 
  • Evidence from opsin genes rejects nocturnality in ancestral primates. 
  • Evidence of two distinct subsubtypes within the HIV-1 subtype A radiation. 
  • Evidence of viral adaptation to HLA class I-restricted immune pressure in chronic hepatitis C virus infection. 
  • Evidence that the human pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii may have evolved in Africa. 
  • Evolution and allometry of calcaneal elongation in living and extinct primates. 
  • Evolution and biogeography of deep-sea vent and seep invertebrates. 
  • Evolution and diversity in human herpes simplex virus genomes. 
  • Evolution and probable transmission of intersubtype recombinant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in a Zambian couple. 
  • Evolution of Pleopsidium (lichenized Ascomycota) S943 group I introns and the phylogeography of an intron-encoded putative homing endonuclease. 
  • Evolution of budding yeast prion-determinant sequences across diverse fungi. 
  • Evolution of calcium-carbonate skeletons in the Hydractiniidae. 
  • Evolution of complex symbiotic relationships in a morphologically derived family of lichen-forming fungi. 
  • Evolution of fungal sexual reproduction. 
  • Evolution of genes and genomes on the Drosophila phylogeny. 
  • Evolution of graded refractive index in squid lenses. 
  • Evolution of king crabs from hermit crab ancestors. 
  • Evolution of leaf form in marsileaceous ferns: evidence for heterochrony 
  • Evolution of multiple paralogous adenosine kinase genes in the moss genus Hygroamblystegium: phylogenetic implications. 
  • Evolution of niche preference in Sphagnum peat mosses. 
  • Evolution of osmosensing OSCA1 Ca²⁺ channel family coincident with plant transition from water to land. 
  • Evolution of pneumococcal serotype epidemiology in Botswana following introduction of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. 
  • Evolution of postural diversity in primates as reflected by the size and shape of the medial tibial facet of the talus. 
  • Evolution of sexual systems, dispersal strategies and habitat selection in the liverwort genus Radula. 
  • Evolution of the 12 kDa FK506-binding protein gene. 
  • Evolution of the MHC class I genes of a New World primate from ancestral homologues of human non-classical genes. 
  • Evolution of the Wnt pathways. 
  • Evolution of the gene encoding mitochondrial intermediate peptidase and its cosegregation with the A mating-type locus of mushroom fungi. 
  • Evolution of the gene network underlying wing polyphenism in ants. 
  • Evolution of the mating type locus: insights gained from the dimorphic primary fungal pathogens Histoplasma capsulatum, Coccidioides immitis, and Coccidioides posadasii. 
  • Evolution of the sex-related locus and genomic features shared in microsporidia and fungi. 
  • Evolution of the tenascin family--implications for function of the C-terminal fibrinogen-like domain. 
  • Evolution of the trnF(GAA) gene in Arabidopsis relatives and the brassicaceae family: monophyletic origin and subsequent diversification of a plastidic pseudogene. 
  • Evolution. Fossils versus clocks. 
  • Evolution: spot on (and off). 
  • Evolutionary and phylogenetic insights from a nuclear genome sequence of the extinct, giant, "subfossil" koala lemur Megaladapis edwardsi. 
  • Evolutionary bottlenecks in the agents of tuberculosis, leprosy, and paratuberculosis. 
  • Evolutionary disequilibrium and activity period in primates: a bayesian phylogenetic approach. 
  • Evolutionary diversity is associated with wood productivity in Amazonian forests. 
  • Evolutionary dynamics of sexual size dimorphism in non-volant mammals following their independent colonization of Madagascar. 
  • Evolutionary genomics and adaptive evolution of the Hedgehog gene family (Shh, Ihh and Dhh) in vertebrates. 
  • Evolutionary history of microsatellites in the obscura group of Drosophila. 
  • Evolutionary origin of the latitudinal diversity gradient in liverworts. 
  • Evolutionary rate variation in anthocyanin pathway genes. 
  • Evolutionary relationships of endemic/epidemic and sylvatic dengue viruses. 
  • Evolutionary relationships within the Neotropical, eusporangiate fern genus Danaea (Marattiaceae) 
  • Evolutionary relationships within the fungi: analyses of nuclear small subunit rRNA sequences. 
  • Expansion of the Stictidaceae by the addition of the saxicolous lichen-forming genus Ingvariella. 
  • Expert consensus statement on the science of HIV in the context of criminal law. 
  • Exploring syntenic conservation across genomes for phylogenetic studies of organisms subjected to horizontal gene transfers: A case study with Cyanobacteria and cyanolichens. 
  • Exploring the Untapped Biosynthetic Potential of Apicomplexan Parasites. 
  • Expression and functional analysis of Gm114, a putative mammalian ortholog of Drosophila bam. 
  • Expression and trans-specific polymorphism of self-incompatibility RNases in coffea (Rubiaceae). 
  • Expression of genes involved in symbiotic carbon and nitrogen transport in Pinus taeda mycorrhizal roots exposed to CO2 enrichment and nitrogen fertilization. 
  • Expression of nifH genes in natural microbial assemblages in Lake George, New York, detected by reverse transcriptase PCR. 
  • Extended ORF8 Gene Region Is Valuable in the Epidemiological Investigation of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Similar Coronavirus. 
  • Extensive DNA sequence conservation throughout the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. 
  • Extensive Genome-Wide Phylogenetic Discordance Is Due to Incomplete Lineage Sorting and Not Ongoing Introgression in a Rapidly Radiated Bryophyte Genus. 
  • Extensive chloroplast haplotype variation indicates Pleistocene hybridization and radiation of North American Arabis drummondii, A. x divaricarpa, and A. holboellii (Brassicaceae). 
  • FOS-1 promotes basement-membrane removal during anchor-cell invasion in C. elegans. 
  • Failure of the ILD to determine data combinability for slow loris phylogeny. 
  • Fast Dissemination of New HIV-1 CRF02/A1 Recombinants in Pakistan. 
  • Fatal respiratory infection due to ST308 VIM-1-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a lung transplant recipient: case report and review of the literature. 
  • Feather development genes and associated regulatory innovation predate the origin of Dinosauria. 
  • Features of Recently Transmitted HIV-1 Clade C Viruses that Impact Antibody Recognition: Implications for Active and Passive Immunization. 
  • Fern genomes elucidate land plant evolution and cyanobacterial symbioses 
  • Ferns diversified in the shadow of angiosperms. 
  • Fine-scale phylogenetic architecture of a complex bacterial community. 
  • Flavivirus serocomplex cross-reactive immunity is protective by activating heterologous memory CD4 T cells. 
  • Form and function of the tongue in agamid lizards with comments on its phylogenetic significance. 
  • Formalizing morphologically cryptic biological entities: new insights from DNA taxonomy, hybridization, and biogeography in the leafy liverwort Porella platyphylla (Jungermanniopsida, Porellales). 
  • Fossil lemurs from Egypt and Kenya suggest an African origin for Madagascar's aye-aye. 
  • Frizzled5/8 is required in secondary mesenchyme cells to initiate archenteron invagination during sea urchin development. 
  • From offshore to onshore: multiple origins of shallow-water corals from deep-sea ancestors. 
  • Functional and evolutionary aspects of axial stability in euarchontans and other mammals. 
  • Functional associations between support use and forelimb shape in strepsirrhines and their relevance to inferring locomotor behavior in early primates. 
  • Functional coordination between leaf gas exchange and vulnerability to xylem cavitation in temperate forest trees. 
  • Functional evolution of an anthocyanin pathway enzyme during a flower color transition. 
  • Functional evolution of mammalian odorant receptors. 
  • Functional trait evolution in Sphagnum peat mosses and its relationship to niche construction. 
  • Functionality of the TOL plasmid under varying environmental conditions following conjugal transfer. 
  • Fungal community analysis by large-scale sequencing of environmental samples. 
  • Fungi that Infect Humans. 
  • G protein-coupled receptor Gpr4 senses amino acids and activates the cAMP-PKA pathway in Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Gene Expression Profiling in the Hibernating Primate, Cheirogaleus Medius. 
  • Gene Ontology annotations and resources. 
  • Gene duplication in the diversification of secondary metabolism: tandem 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases control glucosinolate biosynthesis in Arabidopsis. 
  • Gene expression and larval evolution: changing roles of distal-less and orthodenticle in echinoderm larvae. 
  • Gene expression divergence recapitulates the developmental hourglass model. 
  • Gene loss, adaptive evolution and the co-evolution of plumage coloration genes with opsins in birds. 
  • Generation of high curvature membranes mediated by direct endophilin bilayer interactions. 
  • Generation of infectious molecular clones of simian immunodeficiency virus from fecal consensus sequences of wild chimpanzees. 
  • Genes translocated into the plastid inverted repeat show decelerated substitution rates and elevated GC content 
  • Genetic Characterization of a Panel of Diverse HIV-1 Isolates at Seven International Sites. 
  • Genetic Dissection of Sexual Reproduction in a Primary Homothallic Basidiomycete. 
  • Genetic Evidence of Importation of Drug-Resistant Plasmodium falciparum to Guatemala from the Democratic Republic of the Congo. 
  • Genetic and Genomic Analyses Reveal Boundaries between Species Closely Related to Cryptococcus Pathogens. 
  • Genetic and genomic evolution of sexual reproduction: echoes from LECA to the fungal kingdom. 
  • Genetic and neutralization properties of subtype C human immunodeficiency virus type 1 molecular env clones from acute and early heterosexually acquired infections in Southern Africa. 
  • Genetic and phenotypic changes accompanying the emergence of epizootic subtype IC Venezuelan equine encephalitis viruses from an enzootic subtype ID progenitor. 
  • Genetic aspects of behavioral neurotoxicology. 
  • Genetic bioaugmentation as an effective method for in situ bioremediation: functionality of catabolic plasmids following conjugal transfers. 
  • Genetic changes associated with floral adaptation restrict future evolutionary potential. 
  • Genetic changes contributing to the parallel evolution of red floral pigmentation among Ipomoea species. 
  • Genetic comparisons yield insight into the evolution of enamel thickness during human evolution. 
  • Genetic determinants in HIV-1 Gag and Env V3 are related to viral response to combination antiretroviral therapy with a protease inhibitor. 
  • Genetic diversity among Mycobacterium avium complex strains recovered from children with and without human immunodeficiency virus infection. 
  • Genetic diversity of human immunodeficiency virus type 2: evidence for distinct sequence subtypes with differences in virus biology. 
  • Genetic diversity of the Cryptococcus species complex suggests that Cryptococcus gattii deserves to have varieties. 
  • Genetic identity, biological phenotype, and evolutionary pathways of transmitted/founder viruses in acute and early HIV-1 infection. 
  • Genetic relationships and evolution of genotypes of yellow fever virus and other members of the yellow fever virus group within the Flavivirus genus based on the 3' noncoding region. 
  • Genetic signatures in the envelope glycoproteins of HIV-1 that associate with broadly neutralizing antibodies. 
  • Genetic structure and genealogy in the Sphagnum subsecundum complex (Sphagnaceae: Bryophyta). 
  • Genetic structure of typical and atypical populations of Candida albicans from Africa. 
  • Genetic typing of HIV-2 from a Senegalese/German heterosexual transmission. 
  • Genetic variation at a single locus and age of onset for Alzheimer's disease. 
  • Genetic variation in horizontally transmitted fungal endophytes of pine needles reveals population structure in cryptic species. 
  • Genetic variation in the 3' non-coding region of dengue viruses. 
  • Genetic variation in yellow fever virus: duplication in the 3' noncoding region of strains from Africa. 
  • Genetic variation of HIV type 1 in four World Health Organization-sponsored vaccine evaluation sites: generation of functional envelope (glycoprotein 160) clones representative of sequence subtypes A, B, C, and E. WHO Network for HIV Isolation and Characterization. 
  • Genome divergence in two Prochlorococcus ecotypes reflects oceanic niche differentiation. 
  • Genome evolution in an insect cell: distinct features of an ant-bacterial partnership. 
  • Genome evolution in bacterial endosymbionts of insects. 
  • Genome sequencing and comparative analysis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain YJM789. 
  • Genome variation in Cryptococcus gattii, an emerging pathogen of immunocompetent hosts. 
  • Genome-based identification of spliceosomal proteins in the silk moth Bombyx mori. 
  • Genome-scale transcriptomic insights into early-stage fruit development in woodland strawberry Fragaria vesca. 
  • Genome-wide survey and expression analysis of the OSCA gene family in rice. 
  • Genomic Characterisation of UFJF_PfDIW6: A Novel Lytic Pseudomonas fluorescens-Phage with Potential for Biocontrol in the Dairy Industry. 
  • Genomic analysis of the origins and evolution of multicentric diffuse lower-grade gliomas. 
  • Genomic erosion and extensive horizontal gene transfer in gut-associated Acetobacteraceae. 
  • Genomic landscape of the global oak phylogeny. 
  • Genomic structure and embryonic expression of estrogen receptor beta a (ERbetaa) in zebrafish (Danio rerio). 
  • Genotypic and Phenotypic Diversity among Human Isolates of Akkermansia muciniphila. 
  • Genotypic diversity of anaerobic isolates from bloodstream infections. 
  • Genotypic diversity of coagulase-negative staphylococci causing endocarditis: a global perspective. 
  • Genus-Wide Comparative Genomics of Malassezia Delineates Its Phylogeny, Physiology, and Niche Adaptation on Human Skin. 
  • Geogenetic patterns in mouse lemurs (genus Microcebus) reveal the ghosts of Madagascar's forests past. 
  • Geographic and evolutionary diversification of glucosinolates among near relatives of Arabidopsis thaliana (Brassicaceae). 
  • Geographic variation in algal partners of Cladonia subtenuis (Cladoniaceae) highlights the dynamic nature of a lichen symbiosis. 
  • Germline sequences of V(H)7183 gene family members in C57BL/6 mice demonstrate natural selection of particular sequences during recent evolution. 
  • Giant deep-sea protist produces bilaterian-like traces. 
  • Gill-specific transcriptional regulation of Na+/K+ -ATPase alpha-subunit in the euryhaline shore crab Pachygrapsus marmoratus: sequence variants and promoter structure. 
  • Global distribution, diversity hot spots and niche transitions of an astaxanthin-producing eukaryotic microbe. 
  • Global panel of HIV-1 Env reference strains for standardized assessments of vaccine-elicited neutralizing antibodies. 
  • Global patterns in peatmoss biodiversity. 
  • Grasping primate origins. 
  • Great ape genetic diversity and population history. 
  • Great ranging associated with greater reproductive investment in mammals. 
  • Gross intestinal morphometry and allometry in primates. 
  • Gross intestinal morphometry and allometry in ruminants. 
  • HBV whole-genome mutation profile in HIV-1/HBV coinfected patients in a long-term follow-up study. 
  • HGT in the human and skin commensal Malassezia: A bacterially derived flavohemoglobin is required for NO resistance and host interaction. 
  • HIV Transmission Patterns Among Immigrant Latinos Illuminated by the Integration of Phylogenetic and Migration Data. 
  • HIV drug resistance in a cohort of HIV-infected MSM in the United States. 
  • HIV evolution in early infection: selection pressures, patterns of insertion and deletion, and the impact of APOBEC. 
  • HIV type 1 subtypes in Malaysia, determined with serologic assays: 1992-1996. 
  • HIV-1 did not contribute to the 2019-nCoV genome. 
  • HIV-1 diversity and compartmentalization in urine, semen, and blood. 
  • HIV-1 sequence subtype D in the United States. 
  • HIV-1 superinfection despite broad CD8+ T-cell responses containing replication of the primary virus. 
  • Hemagglutinin stalk-based universal vaccine constructs protect against group 2 influenza A viruses. 
  • Heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate susceptibility phenotype in bloodstream methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from an international cohort of patients with infective endocarditis: prevalence, genotype, and clinical significance. 
  • Heterothallic mating in Mucor irregularis and first isolate of the species outside of Asia. 
  • High diversity and widespread occurrence of mitotic spore mats in ectomycorrhizal Pezizales. 
  • High phylogenetic diversity and abundance pattern of Labyrinthulomycete protists in the coastal waters of the Bohai Sea. 
  • High-density microarray of small-subunit ribosomal DNA probes. 
  • Highly complex neutralization determinants on a monophyletic lineage of newly transmitted subtype C HIV-1 Env clones from India. 
  • Historical biogeography and diversification of truffles in the Tuberaceae and their newly identified Southern hemisphere sister lineage 
  • History and evolution of alpine plants endemic to the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau: Aconitum gymnandrum (Ranunculaceae). 
  • Homo naledi, a new species of the genus Homo from the Dinaledi Chamber, South Africa. 
  • Horizontal transfer of an adaptive chimeric photoreceptor from bryophytes to ferns 
  • Horsetails and ferns are a monophyletic group and the closest living relatives to seed plants. 
  • Host availability drives distributions of fungal endophytes in the imperilled boreal realm. 
  • Host density drives the postglacial migration of the tree parasite, Epifagus virginiana. 
  • Host lifestyle affects human microbiota on daily timescales. 
  • Host longevity and parasite species richness in mammals. 
  • Host physiological phenotype explains pathogen reservoir potential. 
  • Host-symbiont stability and fast evolutionary rates in an ant-bacterium association: cospeciation of camponotus species and their endosymbionts, candidatus blochmannia. 
  • How does cognition evolve? Phylogenetic comparative psychology. 
  • How petals change their spots: cis-regulatory re-wiring in Clarkia (Onagraceae). 
  • How quickly do brains catch up with bodies? A comparative method for detecting evolutionary lag. 
  • Human Blastomycosis in South Africa Caused by Blastomyces percursus and Blastomyces emzantsi sp. nov., 1967 to 2014. 
  • Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-1 Transmission Among Persons With Acute HIV-1 Infection in Malawi: Demographic, Behavioral, and Phylogenetic Relationships. 
  • Human colonic biota studied by ribosomal DNA sequence analysis. 
  • Human gamma-satellite DNA maintains open chromatin structure and protects a transgene from epigenetic silencing. 
  • Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease genotype predicts immune and viral responses to combination therapy with protease inhibitors (PIs) in PI-naive patients. 
  • Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype B ancestral envelope protein is functional and elicits neutralizing antibodies in rabbits similar to those elicited by a circulating subtype B envelope. 
  • Human infection by genetically diverse SIVSM-related HIV-2 in west Africa. 
  • Humeral head shape as an indicator of locomotor behavior in extant strepsirhines and Eocene adapids. 
  • Hybrid origin of SIV in chimpanzees. 
  • Hydrothermal vent fields and chemosynthetic biota on the world's deepest seafloor spreading centre. 
  • Ice-age survival of Atlantic cod: agreement between palaeoecology models and genetics. 
  • Identification and characterization of transmitted and early founder virus envelopes in primary HIV-1 infection. 
  • Identification and localization of a sea urchin Notch homologue: insights into vegetal plate regionalization and Notch receptor regulation. 
  • Identification of CRF34_01B, a second circulating recombinant form unrelated to and more complex than CRF15_01B, among injecting drug users in northern Thailand. 
  • Identification of asteroid genera with species capable of larval cloning. 
  • Identification of autoantigens recognized by the 2F5 and 4E10 broadly neutralizing HIV-1 antibodies. 
  • Identification of fungi associated with municipal compost using DNA-based techniques. 
  • Identification of new mamu-DRB alleles using DGGE and direct sequencing. 
  • Identification of novel cellular targets in biliary tract cancers using global gene expression technology. 
  • Identification of pathogenic yeasts of the imperfect genus Candida by polymerase chain reaction fingerprinting. 
  • Identification of the sex genes in an early diverged fungus. 
  • Identifying multiple origins of polyploid taxa: a multilocus study of the hybrid cloak fern (Astrolepis integerrima; Pteridaceae). 
  • Immunization with recombinant canarypox vectors expressing membrane-anchored glycoprotein 120 followed by glycoprotein 160 boosting fails to generate antibodies that neutralize R5 primary isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. 
  • Immunological and virological mechanisms of vaccine-mediated protection against SIV and HIV. 
  • Impact of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection on Chimpanzee Population Dynamics. 
  • Impact of ammonium permeases mepA, mepB, and mepC on nitrogen-regulated secondary metabolism in Fusarium fujikuroi. 
  • Implementing a cumulative supermatrix approach for a comprehensive phylogenetic study of the Teloschistales (Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota). 
  • Importance sampling for the infinite sites model. 
  • Imprinting evolution and the price of silence. 
  • Improved resolution of major clades within Tuber and taxonomy of species within the Tuber gibbosum complex. 
  • In it for the long haul: evolutionary consequences of persistent endosymbiosis. 
  • Incoherent phylogeographic inference. 
  • Incongruence between genetic and morphological diversity in Microcebus griseorufus of Beza Mahafaly. 
  • Incongruence between primary sequence data and the distribution of a mitochondrial atp1 group II intron among ferns and horsetails 
  • Incorporation of a horizontally transferred gene into an operon during cnidarian evolution. 
  • Increased diversification rates follow shifts to bisexuality in liverworts. 
  • Increased predominance of HIV-1 CRF01_AE and its recombinants in the Philippines. 
  • Increased replication of non-syncytium-inducing HIV type 1 isolates in monocyte-derived macrophages is linked to advanced disease in infected children. 
  • Independent ancient polyploidy events in the sister families Brassicaceae and Cleomaceae. 
  • Independent contrasts succeed where ancestor reconstruction fails in a known bacteriophage phylogeny. 
  • Infection of monkeys by simian-human immunodeficiency viruses with transmitted/founder clade C HIV-1 envelopes. 
  • Infectious disease, behavioural flexibility and the evolution of culture in primates. 
  • Inference of the HIV-1 VRC01 Antibody Lineage Unmutated Common Ancestor Reveals Alternative Pathways to Overcome a Key Glycan Barrier. 
  • Influence of M. tuberculosis lineage variability within a clinical trial for pulmonary tuberculosis. 
  • Infraspecific diversification of the star cloak fern (Notholaena standleyi) in the deserts of the United States and Mexico 
  • Initial antibodies binding to HIV-1 gp41 in acutely infected subjects are polyreactive and highly mutated. 
  • Inner ear evolution in primates through the Cenozoic: implications for the evolution of hearing. 
  • Insensitivity of Diverse and Temporally Variable Particle-Associated Microbial Communities to Bulk Seawater Environmental Parameters. 
  • Insights from macroevolutionary modelling and ancestral state reconstruction into the radiation and historical dietary ecology of Lemuriformes (Primates, Mammalia). 
  • Insights into evolution of multicellular fungi from the assembled chromosomes of the mushroom Coprinopsis cinerea (Coprinus cinereus). 
  • Integrating ambiguously aligned regions of DNA sequences in phylogenetic analyses without violating positional homology. 
  • Integrating statistical genetic and geospatial methods brings new power to phylogeography. 
  • Integration of Contact Tracing and Phylogenetics in an Investigation of Acute HIV Infection. 
  • Integrative approaches to the study of primate infectious disease: implications for biodiversity conservation and global health. 
  • Interaction type influences ecological network structure more than local abiotic conditions: evidence from endophytic and endolichenic fungi at a continental scale. 
  • Interactions between gut microbiota and metabolites modulate cytokine network imbalances in women with unexplained miscarriage. 
  • Internal carotid arterial canal size and scaling in Euarchonta: Re-assessing implications for arterial patency and phylogenetic relationships in early fossil primates. 
  • Interspecific scaling patterns of talar articular surfaces within primates and their closest living relatives. 
  • Intraspecific phylogenetic congruence among multiple symbiont genomes. 
  • Intraspecific variation in symbiont genomes: bottlenecks and the aphid-buchnera association. 
  • Introduced Species, Disease Ecology, and Biodiversity-Disease Relationships. 
  • Invertebrate biomechanics. 
  • Investigating deep phylogenetic relationships among cyanobacteria and plastids by small subunit rRNA sequence analysis. 
  • Is congruence between data partitions a reliable predictor of phylogenetic accuracy? Empirically testing an iterative procedure for choosing among phylogenetic methods. 
  • Isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans from infected animals reveal genetic exchange in unisexual, alpha mating type populations. 
  • Isolation and characterization of a novel Helicobacter species, Helicobacter jaachi sp. nov., from common marmosets (Callithrix jaachus). 
  • Isolation of novel EGFR-specific VHH domains. 
  • Jaw muscles of New World squirrels. 
  • Jaw-muscle electromyography during chewing in Belanger's treeshrews (Tupaia belangeri). 
  • KIR genotypic diversity can track ancestries in heterogeneous populations: a potential confounder for disease association studies. 
  • Kinesin proteins: a phylum of motors for microtubule-based motility. 
  • Known mutator alleles do not markedly increase mutation rate in clinical Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains. 
  • Landscape position influences microbial composition and function via redistribution of soil water across a watershed. 
  • Large-scale genome sequencing of mycorrhizal fungi provides insights into the early evolution of symbiotic traits. 
  • Leptotrichia sanguinegens sp. nov., a new agent of postpartum and neonatal bacteremia. 
  • Leveraging Phylogenetics to Understand HIV Transmission and Partner Notification Networks. 
  • Levers and linkages: mechanical trade-offs in a power-amplified system. 
  • Life history profiles for 27 strepsirrhine primate taxa generated using captive data from the Duke Lemur Center. 
  • Lineage-specific expansions provide genomic complexity among sea urchin GTPases. 
  • Linking patterns of net community production and marine microbial community structure in the western North Atlantic. 
  • Local adaptation and species segregation in two mussel (Mytilus edulis x Mytilus trossulus) hybrid zones. 
  • Local habitat, not phylogenetic relatedness, predicts gut microbiota better within folivorous than frugivorous lemur lineages. 
  • Local mobile gene pools rapidly cross species boundaries to create endemicity within global Vibrio cholerae populations. 
  • Longitudinal urinary microbiome characteristics in women with urgency urinary incontinence undergoing sacral neuromodulation. 
  • Low frequency of paleoviral infiltration across the avian phylogeny. 
  • Low genetic variation and no detectable population structure in aspergillus fumigatus compared to closely related Neosartorya species. 
  • Low-copy nuclear sequence data confirm complex patterns of farina evolution in notholaenid ferns (Pteridaceae) 
  • Lower molar shape and size in prosimian and platyrrhine primates. 
  • LvGroucho and nuclear beta-catenin functionally compete for Tcf binding to influence activation of the endomesoderm gene regulatory network in the sea urchin embryo. 
  • LvNumb works synergistically with Notch signaling to specify non-skeletal mesoderm cells in the sea urchin embryo. 
  • LvTbx2/3, a T-box Family Transcription Factor Involved in Formation of the Oral/Aboral Axis of the Sea Urchin Embryo 
  • Lymph node metastases develop through a wider evolutionary bottleneck than distant metastases. 
  • Macroevolution of Specificity in Cyanolichens of the Genus Peltigera Section Polydactylon (Lecanoromycetes, Ascomycota). 
  • Macronuclear genome sequence of the ciliate Tetrahymena thermophila, a model eukaryote. 
  • Major clades of Agaricales: a multilocus phylogenetic overview. 
  • Major fungal lineages are derived from lichen symbiotic ancestors. 
  • Malassezia fungi are specialized to live on skin and associated with dandruff, eczema, and other skin diseases. 
  • Male tolerance and male-male bonds in a multilevel primate society. 
  • Mammalian intestinal allometry, phylogeny, trophic level and climate. 
  • Many globally isolated AD hybrid strains of Cryptococcus neoformans originated in Africa. 
  • Mapping human genetic diversity in Asia. 
  • Mapping of ionomic traits in Mimulus guttatus reveals Mo and Cd QTLs that colocalize with MOT1 homologues. 
  • Mapping the Structural Determinants Required for AAVrh.10 Transport across the Blood-Brain Barrier. 
  • Megaphages infect Prevotella and variants are widespread in gut microbiomes. 
  • Membranomyces species are common ectomycorrhizal symbionts in Northern Hemisphere forests 
  • Metabarcoding of eukaryotic parasite communities describes diverse parasite assemblages spanning the primate phylogeny. 
  • Metapopulation structure of Vibrionaceae among coastal marine invertebrates. 
  • Microbe Profile: Cryptococcus neoformans species complex. 
  • Microbiome reduction and endosymbiont gain from a switch in sea urchin life history. 
  • Mining the antibodyome for HIV-1-neutralizing antibodies with next-generation sequencing and phylogenetic pairing of heavy/light chains. 
  • Mitochondrial FtsZ in a chromophyte alga 
  • Mitochondrial gene rearrangements confirm the parallel evolution of the crab-like form. 
  • Modeling the evolution of regulatory elements by simultaneous detection and alignment with phylogenetic pair HMMs. 
  • Modularity and rates of evolutionary change in a power-amplified prey capture system. 
  • Molecular Biology and Evolution of Cancer: From Discovery to Action. 
  • Molecular Clocks without Rocks: New Solutions for Old Problems. 
  • Molecular Detection and Typing of Pathogenic Leptospira in Febrile Patients and Phylogenetic Comparison with Leptospira Detected among Animals in Tanzania. 
  • Molecular and clinical epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales in the USA (CRACKLE-2): a prospective cohort study. 
  • Molecular and functional characterization of a novel sodium channel TipE-like auxiliary subunit from the American cockroach Periplaneta americana. 
  • Molecular and genetic evidence for a tetrapolar mating system in the basidiomycetous yeast Kwoniella mangrovensis and two novel sibling species. 
  • Molecular basis of a novel adaptation to hypoxic-hypercapnia in a strictly fossorial mole. 
  • Molecular biology as a tool for taxonomy. 
  • Molecular characterization of DSC1 orthologs in invertebrate species. 
  • Molecular characterization of a highly divergent HIV type 1 isolate obtained early in the AIDS epidemic from the Democratic Republic of Congo. 
  • Molecular characterization of mucosal adherent bacteria and associations with colorectal adenomas. 
  • Molecular characterization of nontuberculous mycobacteria isolated from human cases of disseminated disease in the USA, Thailand, Malawi, and Tanzania. 
  • Molecular characterization of the spatial diversity and novel lineages of mycoplankton in Hawaiian coastal waters. 
  • Molecular cloning and analysis of functional envelope genes from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 sequence subtypes A through G. The WHO and NIAID Networks for HIV Isolation and Characterization. 
  • Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel histone deacetylase HDAC10. 
  • Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of a cDNA coding for the mouse alpha-like embryonic globin chain x. 
  • Molecular cloning of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) eggshell zona radiata protein complementary DNA: mRNA expression in 17beta-estradiol- and nonylphenol-treated fish. 
  • Molecular cloning of the first metazoan beta-1,3 glucanase from eggs of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. 
  • Molecular detection and analysis of spotted fever group Rickettsia in patients with fever and rash at a tertiary care centre in Tamil Nadu, India. 
  • Molecular ecology and natural history of simian foamy virus infection in wild-living chimpanzees. 
  • Molecular epidemiologic evaluation of endocarditis due to Oerskovia turbata and CDC group A-3 associated with contaminated homograft valves. 
  • Molecular epidemiology of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmission in a heterosexual cohort of discordant couples in Zambia. 
  • Molecular evolution of X-linked accessory gland proteins in Drosophila pseudoobscura. 
  • Molecular evolution of a Drosophila homolog of human BRCA2. 
  • Molecular evolution of the junctophilin gene family. 
  • Molecular evolutionary and structural analysis of the cytosolic DNA sensor cGAS and STING. 
  • Molecular evolutionary characterization of a V1R subfamily unique to strepsirrhine primates. 
  • Molecular evolutionary dynamics of cytochrome b in strepsirrhine primates: the phylogenetic significance of third-position transversions. 
  • Molecular insights into the phylogeny and subgeneric classification of Frullania Raddi (Frullaniaceae, Porellales). 
  • Molecular phylogenetic analysis of the Papionina using concatenation and species tree methods. 
  • Molecular phylogenetic evidence for the independent evolutionary origin of an arthropod compound eye. 
  • Molecular phylogenetic study at the generic boundary between the lichen-forming fungi Caloplaca and Xanthoria (Ascomycota, Teloschistaceae). 
  • Molecular phylogeny and systematics of Polyblastia (Verrucariaceae, Eurotiomycetes) and allied genera. 
  • Molecular phylogeny of Heteroplacidium, Placidium, and related catapyrenioid genera (Verrucariaceae, lichen-forming Ascomycota). 
  • Molecular phylogeny of naidid worms (Annelida: Clitellata) based on cytochrome oxidase I. 
  • Molecular phylogeny of the Blastocladiomycota (Fungi) based on nuclear ribosomal DNA. 
  • Molecular phylogeny of the Entomophthoromycota: 
  • Molecular phylogeny of the Mycobacterium avium complex demonstrates clinically meaningful divisions. 
  • Molecular phylogeny of the kinesin family of microtubule motor proteins. 
  • Molecular phylogeny, biogeography and speciation of the mushroom species Pleurotus cystidiosus and allied taxa. 
  • Molecular phylogeography and cryptic speciation in the mosses, Mielichhoferia elongata and M. mielichhoferiana (Bryaceae). 
  • Molecular surveillance of HIV-1 field strains in Nigeria in preparation for vaccine trials. 
  • Morphological and genomic characterization of Filobasidiella depauperata: a homothallic sibling species of the pathogenic cryptococcus species complex. 
  • Motor proteins 1: kinesins. 
  • Motor proteins. 1: kinesins. 
  • Multi-ancestry sleep-by-SNP interaction analysis in 126,926 individuals reveals lipid loci stratified by sleep duration. 
  • Multilocus coalescent analyses reveal the demographic history and speciation patterns of mouse lemur sister species. 
  • Multilocus phylogenetic and geospatial analyses illuminate diversification patterns and the biogeographic history of Malagasy endemic plated lizards (Gerrhosauridae: Zonosaurinae). 
  • Multilocus sequence typing reveals three genetic subpopulations of Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii (serotype A), including a unique population in Botswana. 
  • Multilocus test for introgression between the cactophilic species Drosophila mojavensis and Drosophila arizonae. 
  • Multiple Pathways to Homothallism in Closely Related Yeast Lineages in the Basidiomycota. 
  • Multiple activities of the plant pathogen type III effector proteins WtsE and AvrE require WxxxE motifs. 
  • Multiple colonisations of the western Indian Ocean by Pteropus fruit bats (Megachiroptera: Pteropodidae): the furthest islands were colonised first. 
  • Multiple facets of Arabidopsis seedling development require indole-3-butyric acid-derived auxin. 
  • Multiple gene genealogies reveal recent dispersion and hybridization in the human pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Multiple horizontal gene transfers of ammonium transporters/ammonia permeases from prokaryotes to eukaryotes: toward a new functional and evolutionary classification. 
  • Multiple hybrid formation in natural populations: concerted evolution of the internal transcribed spacer of nuclear ribosomal DNA (ITS) in North American Arabis divaricarpa (Brassicaceae). 
  • Multiple nuclear loci reveal patterns of incomplete lineage sorting and complex species history within western mouse lemurs (Microcebus). 
  • Multiple origins of high reciprocal symbiotic specificity at an intercontinental spatial scale among gelatinous lichens (Collemataceae, Lecanoromycetes). 
  • Multiple origins of hybrid strains of Cryptococcus neoformans with serotype AD. 
  • Multiplexed shotgun genotyping resolves species relationships within the North American genus Penstemon. 
  • Multiregional Radiogenomic Assessment of Prostate Microenvironments with Multiparametric MR Imaging and DNA Whole-Exome Sequencing of Prostate Glands with Adenocarcinoma. 
  • Murine noroviruses comprising a single genogroup exhibit biological diversity despite limited sequence divergence. 
  • Mutations that confer resistance to broadly-neutralizing antibodies define HIV-1 variants of transmitting mothers from that of non-transmitting mothers. 
  • Mutualism or parasitism? Using a phylogenetic approach to characterize the oxpecker-ungulate relationship. 
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing family: analysis of the epidemiological and clinical factors associated with an emerging lineage in the urban area of Milan. 
  • Mycoplasma-related endobacteria within Mortierellomycotina fungi: diversity, distribution and functional insights into their lifestyle. 
  • N6-methyladenosine alters RNA structure to regulate binding of a low-complexity protein. 
  • Natural hybridization between genera that diverged from each other approximately 60 million years ago 
  • Natural infection of a household pet red-capped mangabey (Cercocebus torquatus torquatus) with a new simian immunodeficiency virus. 
  • Natural selection on a carbon cycling trait drives ecosystem engineering by Sphagnum (peat moss). 
  • Natural variation in HIV-1 protease, Gag p7 and p6, and protease cleavage sites within gag/pol polyproteins: amino acid substitutions in the absence of protease inhibitors in mothers and children infected by human immunodeficiency virus type 1. 
  • Nature of the 3'-terminal sequences of the plus and minus strands of the S1 gene of reovirus serotypes 1, 2 and 3. 
  • NeXML: rich, extensible, and verifiable representation of comparative data and metadata. 
  • Near full-length clones and reference sequences for subtype C isolates of HIV type 1 from three different continents. 
  • Nearshore fish (Pholis gunnellus) persists across the North Atlantic through multiple glacial episodes. 
  • Neuronal cell shape and neurite initiation are regulated by the Ndr kinase SAX-1, a member of the Orb6/COT-1/warts serine/threonine kinase family. 
  • Neutral evolution of the nonbinding region of the anthocyanin regulatory gene Ipmyb1 in Ipomoea. 
  • Neutralization-sensitive R5-tropic simian-human immunodeficiency virus SHIV-2873Nip, which carries env isolated from an infant with a recent HIV clade C infection. 
  • New Genetic Approaches to AD: Lessons from APOE-TOMM40 Phylogenetics. 
  • New North American truffles (Tuber spp.) and their ectomycorrhizal associations. 
  • New Paleocene skeletons and the relationship of plesiadapiforms to crown-clade primates. 
  • New adapiform primate of Old World affinities from the Devil's Graveyard Formation of Texas. 
  • New craniodental material of Pronothodectes gaoi Fox (Mammalia, "Plesiadapiformes") and relationships among members of Plesiadapidae. 
  • New early eocene anaptomorphine primate (Omomyidae) from the Washakie Basin, Wyoming, with comments on the phylogeny and paleobiology of anaptomorphines. 
  • New estimates of blood flow rates in the vertebral artery of euarchontans and their implications for encephalic blood flow scaling: A response to Seymour and Snelling (2018). 
  • New fossils of the oldest North American euprimate Teilhardina brandti (Omomyidae) from the paleocene-eocene thermal maximum. 
  • New insights into classification and evolution of the Lecanoromycetes (Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota) from phylogenetic analyses of three ribosomal RNA- and two protein-coding genes. 
  • New insights into the phylogenetic distribution and evolutionary origins of the septins. 
  • New nitrogen-fixing microorganisms detected in oligotrophic oceans by amplification of Nitrogenase (nifH) genes. 
  • New perspectives on anthropoid origins. 
  • New platyrrhine monkeys from the Solimões Formation (late Miocene, Acre State, Brazil). 
  • New postcrania of Deccanolestes from the Late Cretaceous of India and their bearing on the evolutionary and biogeographic history of euarchontan mammals. 
  • New primate first metatarsals from the Paleogene of Egypt and the origin of the anthropoid big toe. 
  • New simian immunodeficiency virus infecting De Brazza's monkeys (Cercopithecus neglectus): evidence for a cercopithecus monkey virus clade. 
  • New species and distribution records for Clavulina (Cantharellales, Basidiomycota) from the Guiana Shield, with a key to the lowland neotropical taxa. 
  • New species of Clavulina (Cantharellales, Basidiomycota) with resupinate and effused basidiomata from the Guiana Shield. 
  • Next generation multilocus sequence typing (NGMLST) and the analytical software program MLSTEZ enable efficient, cost-effective, high-throughput, multilocus sequencing typing. 
  • Next-generation genotyping of hypervariable loci in many individuals of a non-model species: technical and theoretical implications. 
  • Next‐generation polyploid phylogenetics: Rapid resolution of hybrid polyploid complexes using PacBio single‐molecule sequencing 
  • Niche partitioning among Prochlorococcus ecotypes along ocean-scale environmental gradients. 
  • Niche partitioning and biogeography of high light adapted Prochlorococcus across taxonomic ranks in the North Pacific. 
  • Night and day: the comparative study of strepsirrhine primates reveals socioecological and phylogenetic patterns in olfactory signals. 
  • North American origin and recent European establishments of the amphi-Atlantic peat moss Sphagnum angermanicum. 
  • Notes on Agaricus section Duploannulati using molecular and morphological data. 
  • Notochordal Signals Establish Phylogenetic Identity of the Teleost Spine. 
  • Novel Insights into Chromosome Evolution in Birds, Archosaurs, and Reptiles. 
  • Novel circular DNA viruses in stool samples of wild-living chimpanzees. 
  • Novel forms of structural integration between microbes and a hydrothermal vent gastropod from the Indian Ocean. 
  • Novel retrotransposed imprinted locus identified at human 6p25. 
  • Novel taxa of thermally dimorphic systemic pathogens in the Ajellomycetaceae (Onygenales). 
  • Nuciruptor rubricae, a new pitheciin seed predator from the Miocene of Colombia. 
  • Nuclear ribosomal DNA sequence variation and evolution of spotted marsh-orchids (Dactylorhiza maculata group) 
  • Obtaining mtDNA genomes from next-generation transcriptome sequencing: a case study on the basal Passerida (Aves: Passeriformes) phylogeny. 
  • Oldest known euarchontan tarsals and affinities of Paleocene Purgatorius to Primates. 
  • Olfactory Receptor Subgenomes Linked with Broad Ecological Adaptations in Sauropsida. 
  • Olfactory fossa of Tremacebus harringtoni (platyrrhini, early Miocene, Sacanana, Argentina): implications for activity pattern. 
  • Once more unto the breach, dear friends: Resolving the origins and relationships of the Pellaea wrightiana hybrid complex. 
  • One hundred and seventeen clades of euagarics. 
  • One nutritional symbiosis begat another: phylogenetic evidence that the ant tribe Camponotini acquired Blochmannia by tending sap-feeding insects. 
  • One species or at least eight? Delimitation and distribution of Frullania tamarisci (L.) Dumort. s. l. (Jungermanniopsida, Porellales) inferred from nuclear and chloroplast DNA markers. 
  • One thousand plant transcriptomes and the phylogenomics of green plants. 
  • Ongoing electrical activity of superior cervical ganglion cells in mammals of different size. 
  • Ontogenetic Differences in Dietary Fat Influence Microbiota Assembly in the Zebrafish Gut. 
  • Ontogenetic and phylogenetic transformations of the ear ossicles in marsupial mammals. 
  • Open Questions: We don't really know anything, do we? Open questions in sensory biology. 
  • Oral microbiome diversity in chimpanzees from Gombe National Park. 
  • Organellar phylogenomics of an emerging model system: Sphagnum (peatmoss). 
  • Organellomic data sets confirm a cryptic consensus on (unrooted) land-plant relationships and provide new insights into bryophyte molecular evolution. 
  • Organization and evolutionary trajectory of the mating type (MAT) locus in dermatophyte and dimorphic fungal pathogens. 
  • Origin and evolution of HIV-1 in breast milk determined by single-genome amplification and sequencing. 
  • Origin of HIV-1 in the chimpanzee Pan troglodytes troglodytes. 
  • Origins and evolution of AIDS viruses. 
  • Origins and evolution of AIDS viruses: estimating the time-scale. 
  • Origins, genetic structure, and systematics of the narrow endemic peatmosses (Sphagnum): S. guwassanense and S. triseriporum (Sphagnaceae). 
  • Outbreak of Invasive Wound Mucormycosis in a Burn Unit Due to Multiple Strains of Mucor circinelloides f. circinelloides Resolved by Whole-Genome Sequencing. 
  • Overcoming deep roots, fast rates, and short internodes to resolve the ancient rapid radiation of eupolypod II ferns. 
  • Overexpression of a Brassica rapa NGATHA gene in Arabidopsis thaliana negatively affects cell proliferation during lateral organ and root growth. 
  • Overview of FEED, the feeding experiments end-user database. 
  • Oxygen affinity and amino acid sequence of myoglobins from endothermic and ectothermic fish. 
  • PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analyses reveal both extensive clonality and local genetic differences in Candida albicans. 
  • PR48, a novel regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 2A, interacts with Cdc6 and modulates DNA replication in human cells. 
  • PSGR, a novel prostate-specific gene with homology to a G protein-coupled receptor, is overexpressed in prostate cancer. 
  • Paleo-demography of the Drosophila melanogaster subgroup: application of the maximum likelihood method. 
  • Parallel acceleration of evolutionary rates in symbiont genes underlying host nutrition. 
  • Parallel evolution of drug resistance in HIV: failure of nonsynonymous/synonymous substitution rate ratio to detect selection. 
  • Parallel molecular evolution of deletions and nonsense mutations in bacteriophage T7. 
  • Paralogous VDRs in teleosts:transition of nuclear receptor function 
  • Parasite-mediated evolution of the functional part of the MHC in primates. 
  • Parasites and the evolutionary diversification of primate clades. 
  • Partial shotgun sequencing of the Boechera stricta genome reveals extensive microsynteny and promoter conservation with Arabidopsis. 
  • Parvimico materdei gen. et sp. nov.: A new platyrrhine from the Early Miocene of the Amazon Basin, Peru. 
  • Patterns of astragalar fibular facet orientation in extant and fossil primates and their evolutionary implications. 
  • Patterns of gut bacterial colonization in three primate species. 
  • Patterns of host specificity and transmission among parasites of wild primates. 
  • Patterns of nucleotide diversity in two species of Mimulus are affected by mating system and asymmetric introgression. 
  • Patterns of nucleotide variation and reproductive isolation between a Mimulus allotetraploid and its progenitor species. 
  • Patterns of variation within self-incompatibility loci. 
  • Peatmoss (Sphagnum) diversification associated with Miocene Northern Hemisphere climatic cooling? 
  • Pedigree-based and phylogenetic methods support surprising patterns of mutation rate and spectrum in the gray mouse lemur. 
  • Peering ahead (cautiously). 
  • Pentavalent HIV-1 vaccine protects against simian-human immunodeficiency virus challenge. 
  • Persistence of multiple maternal genotypes of human immunodeficiency virus type I in infants infected by vertical transmission. 
  • Perspectives from the Avian Phylogenomics Project: Questions that Can Be Answered with Sequencing All Genomes of a Vertebrate Class. 
  • Pervasive Effects of Aging on Gene Expression in Wild Wolves. 
  • Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 from patients with AIDS in northern Thailand. 
  • Photoautotrophic symbiont and geography are major factors affecting highly structured and diverse bacterial communities in the lichen microbiome. 
  • Phycomyces MADB interacts with MADA to form the primary photoreceptor complex for fungal phototropism. 
  • PhyloOncology: Understanding cancer through phylogenetic analysis. 
  • Phylodynamics of HIV-1 in lymphoid and non-lymphoid tissues reveals a central role for the thymus in emergence of CXCR4-using quasispecies. 
  • Phylogenetic affiliations of members of the heterogeneous lichen-forming fungi of the genus Lecidea sensu Zahlbruckner (Lecanoromycetes, Ascomycota). 
  • Phylogenetic analyses of eurotiomycetous endophytes reveal their close affinities to Chaetothyriales, Eurotiales, and a new order - Phaeomoniellales. 
  • Phylogenetic analyses of morphological evolution in the gametophyte and sporophyte generations of the moss order Hookeriales (Bryopsida). 
  • Phylogenetic analyses suggest reverse splicing spread of group I introns in fungal ribosomal DNA. 
  • Phylogenetic analysis of anthropoid relationships. 
  • Phylogenetic analysis of phenotypically characterized Cryptococcus laurentii isolates reveals high frequency of cryptic species. 
  • Phylogenetic analysis of protease and transmembrane region of HIV type 1 group O. 
  • Phylogenetic analysis of the ecology and evolution of mammalian sleep. 
  • Phylogenetic analysis of vertebrate lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) multigene families. 
  • Phylogenetic analysis of viridans group streptococci causing endocarditis. 
  • Phylogenetic and Phylogenomic Definition of Rhizopus Species. 
  • Phylogenetic and biogeographic relationships of eastern Asian and eastern North American disjunct Suillus species (fungi) as inferred from nuclear ribosomal RNA ITS sequences. 
  • Phylogenetic classification of the world's tropical forests. 
  • Phylogenetic comparison of protein-coding versus ribosomal RNA-coding sequence data: a case study of the Lecanoromycetes (Ascomycota). 
  • Phylogenetic comparisons implicate sex hormone-binding globulin in "masculinization" of the female spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta). 
  • Phylogenetic conservatism of mycoparasitism and its contribution to pathogen antagonism. 
  • Phylogenetic distribution of the bacteriocin repertoire of lactic acid bacteria species associated with artisanal cheese. 
  • Phylogenetic diversity of 200+ isolates of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Cenococcum geophilum associated with Populus trichocarpa soils in the Pacific Northwest, USA and comparison to globally distributed representatives. 
  • Phylogenetic evidence for the transfer of Pseudomonas cocovenenans (van Damme et al. 1960) to the genus Burkholderia as Burkholderia cocovenenans (van Damme et al. 1960) comb. nov. 
  • Phylogenetic evidence of a rapid radiation of pleurocarpous mosses (Bryophyta). 
  • Phylogenetic footprint analysis of IGF2 in extant mammals. 
  • Phylogenetic host specificity and understanding parasite sharing in primates. 
  • Phylogenetic implications of the superfast myosin in extraocular muscles. 
  • Phylogenetic placement of community members of human colonic biota. 
  • Phylogenetic rate shifts in feeding time during the evolution of Homo. 
  • Phylogenetic reassessment of the Teloschistaceae (lichen-forming Ascomycota, Lecanoromycetes). 
  • Phylogenetic relationships in the mushroom genus Coprinus and dark-spored allies based on sequence data from the nuclear gene coding for the large ribosomal subunit RNA: divergent domains, outgroups, and monophyly. 
  • Phylogenetic relationships of Rhizoctonia fungi within the Cantharellales. 
  • Phylogenetic relationships of agaric fungi based on nuclear large subunit ribosomal DNA sequences. 
  • Phylogenetic relationships of the liverworts (Hepaticae), a basal embryophyte lineage, inferred from nucleotide sequence data of the chloroplast gene rbcL. 
  • Phylogenetic relationships, host affinity, and geographic structure of boreal and arctic endophytes from three major plant lineages. 
  • Phylogenetic relationships, morphological incongruence, and geographic speciation in the fontinalaceae (Bryophyta). 
  • Phylogenetic simulation of promoter evolution: estimation and modeling of binding site turnover events and assessment of their impact on alignment tools. 
  • Phylogenetic structure in the Sphagnum recurvum complex (Bryophyta) in relation to taxonomy and geography. 
  • Phylogenetic study of Catapyrenium s. str. (Verrucariaceae, lichen-forming Ascomycota) and related genus Placidiopsis. 
  • Phylogenetic targeting of research effort in evolutionary biology. 
  • Phylogenetic utility of indels within ribosomal DNA and beta-tubulin sequences from fungi in the Rhizoctonia solani species complex. 
  • Phylogenetic, genomic, and biogeographic characterization of a novel and ubiquitous marine invertebrate-associated Rickettsiales parasite, Candidatus Aquarickettsia rohweri, gen. nov., sp. nov. 
  • Phylogenomic analyses data of the avian phylogenomics project. 
  • Phylogenomic analyses highlight innovation and introgression in the continental radiations of Fagaceae across the Northern Hemisphere. 
  • Phylogenomic analysis of non-ribosomal peptide synthetases in the genus Aspergillus. 
  • Phylogenomic inferences from reference-mapped and de novo assembled short-read sequence data using RADseq sequencing of California white oaks (Quercus section Quercus). 
  • Phylogenomics reveals a complex evolutionary history of lobed-leaf white oaks in western North America. 
  • Phylogenomics reveals convergent evolution of red-violet coloration in land plants and the origins of the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway. 
  • Phylogeny and biogeography of East Asian evergreen oaks (Quercus section Cyclobalanopsis; Fagaceae): Insights into the Cenozoic history of evergreen broad-leaved forests in subtropical Asia. 
  • Phylogeny and biogeography of the American live oaks (Quercus subsection Virentes): a genomic and population genetics approach. 
  • Phylogeny and evolution of Malagasy plated lizards. 
  • Phylogeny and evolution of aldehyde dehydrogenase-homologous folate enzymes. 
  • Phylogeny and evolution of medical species of Candida and related taxa: a multigenic analysis. 
  • Phylogeny and morphological evolution of the amblystegiaceae (Bryopsida). 
  • Phylogeny and phenotypic characterization of pathogenic Cryptococcus species and closely related saprobic taxa in the Tremellales. 
  • Phylogeny and taxonomy of the family Arthrodermataceae (dermatophytes) using sequence analysis of the ribosomal ITS region. 
  • Phylogeny of Toll-like receptor signaling: adapting the innate response. 
  • Phylogeny of Wolbachia pipientis based on gltA, groEL and ftsZ gene sequences: clustering of arthropod and nematode symbionts in the F supergroup, and evidence for further diversity in the Wolbachia tree. 
  • Phylogeny of extant and extinct Juglandaceae inferred from the integration of molecular and morphological data sets 
  • Phylogeny of lichen- and non-lichen-forming omphalinoid mushrooms and the utility of testing for combinability among multiple data sets. 
  • Phylogeny of the Gyalectales and Ostropales (Ascomycota, Fungi): among and within order relationships based on nuclear ribosomal RNA small and large subunits. 
  • Phylogeny of the Whipple's-disease-associated bacterium. 
  • Phylogeny of the leafy liverwort Ptilidium: cryptic speciation and shared haplotypes between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. 
  • Phylogeny, biogeography, and processes of molecular differentiation in Quercus subgenus Quercus (Fagaceae). 
  • Phylogeny, scaling, and the generation of extreme forces in trap-jaw ants. 
  • Phylogeographic structure and cryptic speciation in the trans-Antarctic moss Pyrrhobryum mnioides. 
  • Phylogeography and historical ecology of the North Atlantic intertidal. 
  • Phylogeography of a Morphologically Cryptic Golden Mole Assemblage from South-Eastern Africa. 
  • Phylogeography of the Solanaceae-infecting Basidiomycota fungus Rhizoctonia solani AG-3 based on sequence analysis of two nuclear DNA loci. 
  • Phylogeography of the arid-adapted Malagasy bullfrog, Laliostoma labrosum, influenced by past connectivity and habitat stability. 
  • Phylogeography's past, present, and future: 10 years after Avise, 2000. 
  • Phylotastic! Making tree-of-life knowledge accessible, reusable and convenient. 
  • Phylotranscriptomic analysis of the origin and early diversification of land plants. 
  • Plant evolutionary genomics. 
  • Plant sex and the evolution of plant defenses against herbivores. 
  • Platypus and echidna genomes reveal mammalian biology and evolution. 
  • Pleiotropic roles of the Msi1-like protein Msl1 in Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Podocan, a novel small leucine-rich repeat protein expressed in the sclerotic glomerular lesion of experimental HIV-associated nephropathy. 
  • Polymorphism at the ribosomal DNA spacers and its relation to breeding structure of the widespread mushroom Schizophyllum commune. 
  • Polymorphisms and evolutionary history of retrotransposon insertions in rice promoters. 
  • Polyphasic characterization of four soil-derived phenanthrene-degrading Acidovorax strains and proposal of Acidovorax carolinensis sp. nov. 
  • Polyporales genomes reveal the genetic architecture underlying tetrapolar and bipolar mating systems. 
  • Poor Immunogenicity, Not Vaccine Strain Egg Adaptation, May Explain the Low H3N2 Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness in 2012-2013. 
  • Population genetic analyses reveal the African origin and strain variation of Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii. 
  • Population genetic and phylogenetic evidence for positive selection on regulatory mutations at the factor VII locus in humans. 
  • Population genetic differentiation of the hydrothermal vent crab Austinograea alayseae (Crustacea: Bythograeidae) in the Southwest Pacific Ocean. 
  • Population genetics of a polyploid: is there hybridization between lineages of Hyla versicolor? 
  • Population genetics of a trochid gastropod broadens picture of Caribbean Sea connectivity. 
  • Population-genomic inference of the strength and timing of selection against gene flow. 
  • Positive selection driving diversification in plant secondary metabolism. 
  • Positive selection on MMP3 regulation has shaped heart disease risk. 
  • Positive selection on a human-specific transcription factor binding site regulating IL4 expression. 
  • Post-Austronesian migrational wave of West Polynesians to Micronesia. 
  • Postcrania of the most primitive euprimate and implications for primate origins. 
  • Postepizootic persistence of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus, Venezuela. 
  • Postnatally-transmitted HIV-1 Envelope variants have similar neutralization-sensitivity and function to that of nontransmitted breast milk variants. 
  • Potential sources of the 1995 Venezuelan equine encephalitis subtype IC epidemic. 
  • Precise mapping of recombination breakpoints suggests a common parent of two BC recombinant HIV type 1 strains circulating in China. 
  • Predictability and irreversibility of genetic changes associated with flower color evolution in Penstemon barbatus. 
  • Predicting Vibrio cholerae Infection and Disease Severity Using Metagenomics in a Prospective Cohort Study. 
  • Predicting primate-parasite associations using exponential random graph models. 
  • Prediction of HIV Transmission Cluster Growth With Statewide Surveillance Data. 
  • Preliminary notes on a newly discovered skull of the extinct Hispaniolian monkey Antillothrix from Hispaniola and the origin of the Greater Antillean monkeys 
  • Presence of diverse human immunodeficiency virus type 1 viral variants in Cameroon. 
  • Prevalence of clinical isolates of Cryptococcus gattii serotype C among patients with AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa. 
  • Primate extinction risk and historical patterns of speciation and extinction in relation to body mass. 
  • Primate origins, human origins, and the end of higher taxa. 
  • Primate phageomes are structured by superhost phylogeny and environment. 
  • Probabilities of Unranked and Ranked Anomaly Zones under Birth-Death Models. 
  • Prochlorococcus: approved for export. 
  • Progressive island colonization and ancient origin of Hawaiian Metrosideros (Myrtaceae). 
  • Prolonged Adaptive Evolution of a Defensive Gene in the Solanaceae. 
  • Prophage Hunter: an integrative hunting tool for active prophages. 
  • Proteases of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus. 
  • Protection from nitrosative stress by yeast flavohemoglobin. 
  • Protein tyrosine and serine-threonine phosphatases in the sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus: identification and potential functions. 
  • Pseudomonas syringae: what it takes to be a pathogen. 
  • Quantification of homoplasy for nucleotide transitions and transversions and a reexamination of assumptions in weighted phylogenetic analysis. 
  • Quantification of the position and depth of the flexor hallucis longus groove in euarchontans, with implications for the evolution of primate positional behavior. 
  • Quantitating the multiplicity of infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype C reveals a non-poisson distribution of transmitted variants. 
  • Quantitative uniqueness of human brain evolution revealed through phylogenetic comparative analysis. 
  • R2R3-MYB genes control petal pigmentation patterning in Clarkia gracilis ssp. sonomensis (Onagraceae). 
  • RNAi function, diversity, and loss in the fungal kingdom. 
  • RNase 1 genes from the family Sciuridae define a novel rodent ribonuclease cluster. 
  • RTK and TGF-beta signaling pathways genes in the sea urchin genome. 
  • RTP family members induce functional expression of mammalian odorant receptors. 
  • Range change evolution of peat mosses (Sphagnum) within and between climate zones. 
  • Range size heritability and diversification patterns in the liverwort genus Radula. 
  • Ranging patterns and parasitism in primates. 
  • Rapamycin exerts antifungal activity in vitro and in vivo against Mucor circinelloides via FKBP12-dependent inhibition of Tor. 
  • Rapid changes in the gut microbiome during human evolution. 
  • Rapid evolution in plant chitinases: molecular targets of selection in plant-pathogen coevolution. 
  • Rapid evolution of a pollen-specific oleosin-like gene family from Arabidopsis thaliana and closely related species. 
  • Rapid evolutionary innovation during an Archaean genetic expansion. 
  • Rapid genetic identification and mapping of enzymatically amplified ribosomal DNA from several Cryptococcus species. 
  • Rare microbial taxa emerge when communities collide: freshwater and marine microbiome responses to experimental mixing. 
  • Recent divergence, intercontinental dispersal and shared polymorphism are shaping the genetic structure of amphi-Atlantic peatmoss populations. 
  • Reciprocal gut microbiota transplants from zebrafish and mice to germ-free recipients reveal host habitat selection. 
  • Recombination and the divergence of hybridizing species. 
  • Recombination-Aware Phylogenomics Reveals the Structured Genomic Landscape of Hybridizing Cat Species. 
  • Reconciling Conflicting Phylogenies in the Origin of Sweet Potato and Dispersal to Polynesia. 
  • Reconstructing genome evolution in historic samples of the Irish potato famine pathogen. 
  • Reconstructing the early evolution of the Fungi using a six-gene phylogeny 
  • Recurrent polyploid origins and chloroplast phylogeography in the Arabis holboellii complex (Brassicaceae). 
  • Reduced selective constraint in endosymbionts: elevation in radical amino acid replacements occurs genome-wide. 
  • Refugial isolation and range expansions drive the genetic structure of Oxyria sinensis (Polygonaceae) in the Himalaya-Hengduan Mountains. 
  • Regulation of plant arginase by wounding, jasmonate, and the phytotoxin coronatine. 
  • Relationship between abundance and specific activity of bacterioplankton in open ocean surface waters. 
  • Relative position of the Cheirogaleidae in strepsirhine phylogeny: a comparison of morphological and molecular methods and results. 
  • Relaxed constraint and evolutionary rate variation between basic helix-loop-helix floral anthocyanin regulators in Ipomoea. 
  • Relaxed selection among duplicate floral regulatory genes in Lamiales. 
  • Relief index of second mandibular molars is a correlate of diet among prosimian primates and other euarchontan mammals. 
  • Remarkable species diversity in Malagasy mouse lemurs (primates, Microcebus). 
  • Repeated phenotypic changes highlight molecular targets of convergent evolution. 
  • Repeated range expansion and glacial endurance of Potentilla glabra (Rosaceae) in the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau. 
  • Reproducibility of Vibrionaceae population structure in coastal bacterioplankton. 
  • Resolution of the ordinal phylogeny of mosses using targeted exons from organellar and nuclear genomes. 
  • Resolving Arthropod Phylogeny: Exploring Phylogenetic Signal within 41 kb of Protein-Coding Nuclear Gene Sequence 
  • Resource partitioning and sympatric differentiation among closely related bacterioplankton. 
  • Response to Comment on "Whole-genome analyses resolve early branches in the tree of life of modern birds". 
  • Retrotransposon insertion polymorphisms in six rice genes and their evolutionary history. 
  • Review of the systematic status of Sceloporus arenicolus Degenhardt and Jones, 1972 with an estimate of divergence time. 
  • Revisiting the distribution of oceanic N₂ fixation and estimating diazotrophic contribution to marine production. 
  • Revisiting the rDNA sequence diversity of a natural population of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Acaulospora colossica. 
  • Rhizobium gone native: unexpected plasmid stability of indigenous Rhizobium leguminosarum. 
  • Ribosomal DNA sequence analysis of mucosa-associated bacteria in Crohn's disease. 
  • Role of Arf-like proteins (Arl1 and Arl2) of Mucor circinelloides in virulence and antifungal susceptibility. 
  • Rudimentary substrates for vocal learning in a suboscine. 
  • S-allele sequence diversity in natural populations of Solanum carolinense (Horsenettle). 
  • SIRT1 and SIRT3 deacetylate homologous substrates: AceCS1,2 and HMGCS1,2. 
  • SIRT4 Is a Lysine Deacylase that Controls Leucine Metabolism and Insulin Secretion. 
  • Same-sex mating and the origin of the Vancouver Island Cryptococcus gattii outbreak. 
  • Sampling confidence envelopes of phylogenetic trees for combinability testing: a reply to Rodrigo. 
  • Scaling of bony canals for encephalic vessels in euarchontans: Implications for the role of the vertebral artery and brain metabolism. 
  • Scaling of the mandible in squirrels. 
  • Seasonal variation in body mass and locomotor kinetics of the fat-tailed dwarf lemur (Cheirogaleus medius). 
  • Seasonal variation of Microcystis in Lake Taihu and its relationships with environmental factors. 
  • Selection of HIV Envelope Strains for Standardized Assessments of Vaccine-Elicited Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity-Mediating Antibodies. 
  • Selective sweeps and intercontinental migration in the cosmopolitan moss Ceratodon purpureus (Hedw.) Brid. 
  • Sequence context of indel mutations and their effect on protein evolution in a bacterial endosymbiont. 
  • Sequence heterochrony and the evolution of development. 
  • Sequence-based differentiation of strains in the Mycobacterium avium complex. 
  • Sequences and phylogenetic analysis of the nef gene from Thai subjects harboring subtype E HIV-1. 
  • Sequencing the mouse Y chromosome reveals convergent gene acquisition and amplification on both sex chromosomes. 
  • Sequential utilization of hosts from different fly families by genetically distinct, sympatric populations within the Entomophthora muscae species complex. 
  • Sexual dimorphism in immunity across animals: a meta-analysis. 
  • Sexual dimorphism in primate aerobic capacity: a phylogenetic test. 
  • Simulating trait evolution for cross-cultural comparison. 
  • Simultaneous Bayesian estimation of alignment and phylogeny under a joint model of protein sequence and structure. 
  • Single origin and subsequent diversification of central Andean endemic Umbilicaria species. 
  • Single origin of Malagasy Carnivora from an African ancestor. 
  • Single-cell RNA-seq supports a developmental hierarchy in human oligodendroglioma. 
  • Six reference-quality genomes reveal evolution of bat adaptations. 
  • Size and shape dimorphism in great ape mandibles and implications for fossil species recognition. 
  • Size-abundance relationships in an Amazonian bird community: implications for the energetic equivalence rule. 
  • Slip-sliding away: serial changes and homoplasy in repeat number in the Drosophila yakuba homolog of human cancer susceptibility gene BRCA2. 
  • Spatial Genetic Structure of the Abundant and Widespread Peatmoss Sphagnum magellanicum Brid. 
  • Spatial pattern of nucleotide polymorphism indicates molecular adaptation in the bryophyte Sphagnum fimbriatum. 
  • Species and genotypic diversities and similarities of pathogenic yeasts colonizing women. 
  • Species delimitation and biogeography of a southern hemisphere liverwort clade, Frullania subgenus Microfrullania (Frullaniaceae, Marchantiophyta). 
  • Species delimitation in lemurs: multiple genetic loci reveal low levels of species diversity in the genus Cheirogaleus. 
  • Specific eukaryotic plankton are good predictors of net community production in the Western Antarctic Peninsula. 
  • Spectral sensitivity in ray-finned fishes: diversity, ecology and shared descent. 
  • Speeding in the slow lane: Phylogenetic comparative analyses reveal that not all human life history traits are exceptional. 
  • Sporangiospore size dimorphism is linked to virulence of Mucor circinelloides. 
  • Stable isotope analyses reveal previously unknown trophic mode diversity in the Hymenochaetales. 
  • Staged induction of HIV-1 glycan-dependent broadly neutralizing antibodies. 
  • Statistical methods for studying modularity: a reply to Mitteroecker and Bookstein. 
  • Stem members of Platyrrhini are distinct from catarrhines in at least one derived cranial feature. 
  • Streamlined Subpopulation, Subtype, and Recombination Analysis of HIV-1 Half-Genome Sequences Generated by High-Throughput Sequencing. 
  • Strong fungal specificity and selectivity for algal symbionts in Florida scrub Cladonia lichens. 
  • Strong specificity and network modularity at a very fine phylogenetic scale in the lichen genus Peltigera. 
  • Structural analysis and detection of biological inositol pyrophosphates reveal that the family of VIP/diphosphoinositol pentakisphosphate kinases are 1/3-kinases. 
  • Structural variants can be more informative for disease diagnostics, prognostics and translation than current SNP mapping and exon sequencing. 
  • Structure and function of CC-chemokine receptor 5 homologues derived from representative primate species and subspecies of the taxonomic suborders Prosimii and Anthropoidea. 
  • Structure, function, and phylogeny of the mating locus in the Rhizopus oryzae complex. 
  • Structure-based high-throughput epitope analysis of hexon proteins in B and C species human adenoviruses (HAdVs). 
  • Subspecific differentiation of Mycobacterium avium complex strains by automated sequencing of a region of the gene (hsp65) encoding a 65-kilodalton heat shock protein. 
  • Substantial multiclass transmitted drug resistance and drug-relevant polymorphisms among treatment-naïve behaviorally HIV-infected youth. 
  • Support for a monophyletic Lemuriformes: Overcoming incongruence between data partitions 
  • Supporting Spartina: Interdisciplinary perspective shows Spartina as a distinct solid genus. 
  • Survey of corticioid fungi in North American pinaceous forests reveals hyperdiversity, underpopulated sequence databases, and species that are potentially ectomycorrhizal. 
  • Sutterella wadsworthensis gen. nov., sp. nov., bile-resistant microaerophilic Campylobacter gracilis-like clinical isolates. 
  • Sympatric parallel diversification of major oak clades in the Americas and the origins of Mexican species diversity. 
  • Systematic Characterization of the OSCA Family Members in Soybean and Validation of Their Functions in Osmotic Stress. 
  • Systematics of the genus Chaetosphaeria and its allied genera: morphological and phylogenetic diversity in north temperate and neotropical taxa. 
  • T-BAS: Tree-Based Alignment Selector toolkit for phylogenetic-based placement, alignment downloads and metadata visualization: an example with the Pezizomycotina tree of life. 
  • Taking the first steps towards a standard for reporting on phylogenies: Minimum Information About a Phylogenetic Analysis (MIAPA). 
  • Target recognition by the archenteron during sea urchin gastrulation. 
  • Techniques for quantifying phytoplankton biodiversity. 
  • Tempo of trophic evolution and its impact on mammalian diversification. 
  • Temporal profile of replication of human chromosomes. 
  • Tenascin-C, tenascin-R and tenascin-X: a family of talented proteins in search of functions. 
  • Testing for divergent transmission histories among cultural characters: a study using Bayesian phylogenetic methods and Iranian tribal textile data. 
  • Testing morphological concepts of orders of pleurocarpous mosses (Bryophyta) using phylogenetic reconstructions based on TRNL-TRNF and RPS4 sequences. 
  • Testing the effects of four urbanization filters on forest plant taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity. 
  • The 100-genomes strains, an S. cerevisiae resource that illuminates its natural phenotypic and genotypic variation and emergence as an opportunistic pathogen. 
  • The Arabidopsis epithiospecifier protein promotes the hydrolysis of glucosinolates to nitriles and influences Trichoplusia ni herbivory. 
  • The Ascomycota tree of life: a phylum-wide phylogeny clarifies the origin and evolution of fundamental reproductive and ecological traits. 
  • The COBRA family of putative GPI-anchored proteins in Arabidopsis. A new fellowship in expansion. 
  • The Cryptococcus neoformans catalase gene family and its role in antioxidant defense. 
  • The Early-Acting Peroxin PEX19 Is Redundantly Encoded, Farnesylated, and Essential for Viability in Arabidopsis thaliana. 
  • The Evolution of Sex is Tempered by Costly Hybridization in Boechera (Rock Cress). 
  • The GRK4 subfamily of G protein-coupled receptor kinases. Alternative splicing, gene organization, and sequence conservation. 
  • The Independent Evolution Method Is Not a Viable Phylogenetic Comparative Method. 
  • The MetJ regulon in gammaproteobacteria determined by comparative genomics methods. 
  • The Mutation Profile of SARS-CoV-2 Is Primarily Shaped by the Host Antiviral Defense. 
  • The Origin and Diversification of Birds. 
  • The Pleistocene history of the sheepshead minnow (Cyprinodon variegatus): Non-equilibrium evolutionary dynamics within a diversifying species complex. 
  • The Role of Brachyruy (T) During Gastrulations Movement in the Sea Urchin, Lytechinus variegatus 
  • The Snail repressor is required for PMC ingression in the sea urchin embryo. 
  • The Spatial Factor, Rather than Elevated CO(2), Controls the Soil Bacterial Community in a Temperate Forest Ecosystem 
  • The Sphagnome Project: enabling ecological and evolutionary insights through a genus-level sequencing project. 
  • The actin gene from Cryptococcus neoformans: structure and phylogenetic analysis. 
  • The adaptive radiation of lichen-forming Teloschistaceae is associated with sunscreening pigments and a bark-to-rock substrate shift. 
  • The anatomy of Dolichocebus gaimanensis, a stem platyrrhine monkey from Argentina. 
  • The aquaporins, blueprints for cellular plumbing systems. 
  • The cantharelloid clade: dealing with incongruent gene trees and phylogenetic reconstruction methods. 
  • The comparative genomics and complex population history of Papio baboons. 
  • The complete genome sequence of Roseobacter denitrificans reveals a mixotrophic rather than photosynthetic metabolism. 
  • The complete genome sequence, organization and affinities of carrot red leaf virus. 
  • The contribution of admixture to primate evolution. 
  • The core and accessory genomes of Burkholderia pseudomallei: implications for human melioidosis. 
  • The costal skeleton of Shanidar 3 and a reappraisal of Neandertal thoracic morphology. 
  • The draft genome of tropical fruit durian (Durio zibethinus). 
  • The ecology and epidemiology of malaria parasitism in wild chimpanzee reservoirs. 
  • The effects of Cenozoic global change on squirrel phylogeny. 
  • The effects of nucleotide substitution model assumptions on estimates of nonparametric bootstrap support. 
  • The effects of plant sex on range distribution and allocation to reproduction. 
  • The evolution and diversification of the red oaks of the California Floristic Province (Quercus section Lobatae, series Agrifoliae). 
  • The evolution of chloroplast genes and genomes in ferns 
  • The evolution of homing endonuclease genes and group I introns in nuclear rDNA. 
  • The evolution of larval morphology and swimming performance in ascidians. 
  • The evolution of seed dormancy: environmental cues, evolutionary hubs, and diversification of the seed plants. 
  • The evolution of self-control. 
  • The evolutionary history of ferns inferred from 25 low‐copy nuclear genes 
  • The evolutionary radiation of plesiadapiforms. 
  • The first hyaenodont from the late Oligocene Nsungwe Formation of Tanzania: Paleoecological insights into the Paleogene-Neogene carnivore transition. 
  • The founding of Mauritian endemic coffee trees by a synchronous long-distance dispersal event. 
  • The genetic basis of a plant-insect coevolutionary key innovation. 
  • The genetic bottleneck in vertical transmission of subtype C HIV-1 is not driven by selection of especially neutralization-resistant virus from the maternal viral population. 
  • The genetic structure and diversity of the A and B mating-type genes from the tropical oyster mushroom, Pleurotus djamor. 
  • The genome of a cave plant, Primulina huaijiensis, provides insights into adaptation to limestone karst habitats. 
  • The genome of the green anole lizard and a comparative analysis with birds and mammals. 
  • The genomic epidemiology of multi-drug resistant invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella in selected sub-Saharan African countries. 
  • The genomic underpinnings of apoptosis in Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. 
  • The gut microbiome of nonhuman primates: Lessons in ecology and evolution. 
  • The heterosexual human immunodeficiency virus type 1 epidemic in Thailand is caused by an intersubtype (A/E) recombinant of African origin. 
  • The human olfactory transcriptome. 
  • The importance of being connected. 
  • The importance of scale in comparative microbiome research: New insights from the gut and glands of captive and wild lemurs. 
  • The influence of natural diet composition, food intake level, and body size on ingesta passage in primates. 
  • The invertebrate deuterostomes: an introduction to their phylogeny, reproduction, development, and genomics. 
  • The junctophilin family of proteins: from bench to bedside. 
  • The lemur revolution starts now: the genomic coming of age for a non-model organism. 
  • The macrophage as an antineoplastic surveillance cell: biological perspectives. 
  • The moderately repetitive DNA sequences of Caenorhabditis elegans do not show short-period interspersion. 
  • The neurobiology of innate, volitional and learned vocalizations in mammals and birds. 
  • The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor gene family of the silkworm, Bombyx mori. 
  • The nonopisthokont septins: How many there are, how little we know about them, and how we might learn more. 
  • The oldest Asian record of Anthropoidea. 
  • The origin and evolution of animal appendages. 
  • The phylogeny of extant starfish (Asteroidea: Echinodermata) including Xyloplax, based on comparative transcriptomics. 
  • The phylogeography and incidence of multi-drug resistant typhoid fever in sub-Saharan Africa. 
  • The receptor kinase family: primary structure of rhodopsin kinase reveals similarities to the beta-adrenergic receptor kinase. 
  • The role of diversification in community assembly of the oaks (Quercus L.) across the continental U.S. 
  • The role of gut microbial community and metabolomic shifts in adaptive resistance of Atlantic killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. 
  • The role of viral introductions in sustaining community-based HIV epidemics in rural Uganda: evidence from spatial clustering, phylogenetics, and egocentric transmission models. 
  • The roles of positive and negative selection in the molecular evolution of insect endosymbionts. 
  • The sea urchin kinome: a first look. 
  • The search for the fungal tree of life. 
  • The tardigrade Hypsibius dujardini, a new model for studying the evolution of development. 
  • The utility of PacBio circular consensus sequencing for characterizing complex gene families in non-model organisms. 
  • The utility of the incongruence length difference test. 
  • The western painted turtle genome, a model for the evolution of extreme physiological adaptations in a slowly evolving lineage. 
  • Thermally adaptive tradeoffs in closely related marine bacterial strains. 
  • Thousands of small, novel genes predicted in global phage genomes. 
  • Three crocodilian genomes reveal ancestral patterns of evolution among archosaurs. 
  • Three periods of regulatory innovation during vertebrate evolution. 
  • Three phylogenetic groups have driven the recent population expansion of Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Three-Dimensional Geometric Morphometric Analysis of Treeshrew (Scandentia) Lower Molars: Insight into Dental Variation and Systematics. 
  • Time's arrow: heterochrony and the evolution of development. 
  • Timing of complementary feeding is associated with gut microbiota diversity and composition and short chain fatty acid concentrations over the first year of life. 
  • Timing the ancestor of the HIV-1 pandemic strains. 
  • Tissue distribution and thyroid hormone effects on mRNA abundance for membrane transporters Mct8, Mct10, and organic anion-transporting polypeptides (Oatps) in a teleost fish. 
  • Tissue-specific expression of Ran isoforms in the mouse. 
  • Tissue-specific expression patterns of Arabidopsis NF-Y transcription factors suggest potential for extensive combinatorial complexity. 
  • Total energy expenditure of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) of different ages. 
  • Toward an ecological classification of soil bacteria. 
  • Towards a new classification of the Arthoniales (Ascomycota) based on a three-gene phylogeny focussing on the genus Opegrapha. 
  • Tracing Genetic Exchange and Biogeography of Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii at the Global Population Level. 
  • Tracking Changes in SARS-CoV-2 Spike: Evidence that D614G Increases Infectivity of the COVID-19 Virus. 
  • Tracking HIV-1 recombination to resolve its contribution to HIV-1 evolution in natural infection. 
  • Transcriptome-mining for single-copy nuclear markers in ferns 
  • Transfer of photosynthesis genes to and from Prochlorococcus viruses. 
  • Transient compartmentalization of simian immunodeficiency virus variants in the breast milk of african green monkeys. 
  • Transmission of hepatitis B virus from an orthopedic surgeon with a high viral load. 
  • Transmitted/founder simian immunodeficiency virus envelope sequences in vesicular stomatitis and Semliki forest virus vector immunized rhesus macaques. 
  • Tree ferns: monophyletic groups and their relationships as revealed by four protein-coding plastid loci 
  • Treponema pallidum infection in the wild baboons of East Africa: distribution and genetic characterization of the strains responsible. 
  • Trimeric autotransporters: a distinct subfamily of autotransporter proteins. 
  • Trimorphic stepping stones pave the way to fungal virulence. 
  • TrmB Family Transcription Factor as a Thiol-Based Regulator of Oxidative Stress Response. 
  • Two distinct broadly neutralizing antibody specificities of different clonal lineages in a single HIV-1-infected donor: implications for vaccine design. 
  • Two forms of mitochondrial DNA ligase III are produced in Xenopus laevis oocytes. 
  • Two new endophytic Atractiellomycetes, Atractidochium hillariae and Proceropycnis hameedii. 
  • Two sniffing strategies in palinurid lobsters. 
  • Type III protein secretion mechanism in mammalian and plant pathogens. 
  • Uncovering the genomic signature of ancient introgression between white oak lineages (Quercus). 
  • Unique expression of a sporophytic character on the gametophytes of notholaenid ferns (Pteridaceae). 
  • Unique nasal turbinal morphology reveals Homunculus patagonicus functionally converged on modern platyrrhine olfactory sensitivity. 
  • Universal nomenclature for oxytocin-vasotocin ligand and receptor families. 
  • Unprecedented loss of ammonia assimilation capability in a urease-encoding bacterial mutualist. 
  • Use of 16S ribosomal RNA gene analyses to characterize the bacterial signature associated with poor oral health in West Virginia. 
  • Using BayesModelS to provide Bayesian- and phylogenetically-informed primate body mass predictions. 
  • Using Phylogenomic Data to Explore the Effects of Relaxed Clocks and Calibration Strategies on Divergence Time Estimation: Primates as a Test Case. 
  • Using a multigene phylogenetic analysis to assess generic delineation and character evolution in Verrucariaceae (Verrucariales, Ascomycota). 
  • Using comparative genomic data to test for fast-X evolution. 
  • Using secondary structure to identify ribosomal numts: cautionary examples from the human genome. 
  • VIAF, a conserved inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP)-interacting factor that modulates caspase activation. 
  • Vanilloid receptor-related osmotically activated channel (VR-OAC), a candidate vertebrate osmoreceptor. 
  • Variability on the dot chromosome in the Drosophila simulans clade. 
  • Variation in frequency of plastid RNA editing within Adiantum implies rapid evolution in fern plastomes. 
  • Variation in modes and rates of evolution in nuclear and mitochondrial ribosomal DNA in the mushroom genus Amanita (Agaricales, Basidiomycota): phylogenetic implications. 
  • Variation in rod spectral sensitivity of fishes is best predicted by habitat and depth. 
  • Varieties of altruism in children and chimpanzees. 
  • Vertical distribution and characterization of aerobic phototrophic bacteria at the Juan de Fuca Ridge in the Pacific Ocean. 
  • Vertical support use and primate origins. 
  • Vertical transmission of biosynthetic plasmids in aphid endosymbionts (Buchnera). 
  • Vibrio metoecus sp. nov., a close relative of Vibrio cholerae isolated from coastal brackish ponds and clinical specimens. 
  • Virologic failure in first-line human immunodeficiency virus therapy with a CCR5 entry inhibitor, aplaviroc, plus a fixed-dose combination of lamivudine-zidovudine: nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor resistance regardless of envelope tropism. 
  • Virome Analysis of Transfusion Recipients Reveals a Novel Human Virus That Shares Genomic Features with Hepaciviruses and Pegiviruses. 
  • Vironome of Kaposi sarcoma associated herpesvirus-inflammatory cytokine syndrome in an AIDS patient reveals co-infection of human herpesvirus 8 and human herpesvirus 6A. 
  • WASABI: an automated sequence processing system for multigene phylogenies. 
  • West Nile virus in Mexico: evidence of widespread circulation since July 2002. 
  • What we know and don't know about Earth's missing biodiversity. 
  • Whole genome sequencing identifies circulating Beijing-lineage Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains in Guatemala and an associated urban outbreak. 
  • Whole-Genome Analysis Illustrates Global Clonal Population Structure of the Ubiquitous Dermatophyte Pathogen Trichophyton rubrum. 
  • Whole-Genome Identification, Phylogeny, and Evolution of the Cytochrome P450 Family 2 (CYP2) Subfamilies in Birds. 
  • Whole-genome analyses resolve early branches in the tree of life of modern birds. 
  • Whole-genome sequencing of Staphylococcus epidermidis bloodstream isolates from a prospective clinical trial reveals that complicated bacteraemia is caused by a limited number of closely related sequence types. 
  • Why are some species more commonly afflicted by arthritis than others? A comparative study of spondyloarthropathy in primates and carnivores. 
  • Why sequence all eukaryotes? 
  • Widespread occurrence and phylogenetic placement of a soil clone group adds a prominent new branch to the fungal tree of life. 
  • Widespread occurrence of spliceosomal introns in the rDNA genes of ascomycetes. 
  • Wild Mandrillus sphinx are carriers of two types of lentivirus. 
  • Working at the interface of phylogenetics and population genetics: a biogeographical analysis of Triaenops spp. (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae). 
  • Zebrafish as a model for apolipoprotein biology: comprehensive expression analysis and a role for ApoA-IV in regulating food intake. 
  • Zebrafish sparse corresponds to an orthologue of c-kit and is required for the morphogenesis of a subpopulation of melanocytes, but is not essential for hematopoiesis or primordial germ cell development. 
  • alphaSU2, an epithelial integrin that binds laminin in the sea urchin embryo. 
  • apex: phylogenetics with multiple genes. 
• 

  Keywords of People

  • Alberts, Susan C., Robert F. Durden Distinguished Professor of Biology, Duke Science & Society
  • Erickson, Harold Paul, James B. Duke Distinguished Professor Emeritus, Cell Biology
  • Hunt, Dana E., Associate Professor of Microbial Ecology, Civil and Environmental Engineering
  • Kay, Richard Frederick, Professor of Evolutionary Anthropology, Earth and Climate Sciences
  • Kelsoe, Garnett H., James B. Duke Distinguished Professor of Immunology, Integrative Immunobiology
  • Patek, Sheila N, Mrs. Alexander Hehmeyer Professor, Biology
  • Patz Jr., Edward F., James and Alice Chen Distinguished Professor of Radiology, Pathology
  • Pimm, Stuart L., Doris Duke Distinguished Professor of Conservation Ecology in the Nicholas School of the Environment and Earth Sciences, Duke Science & Society
  • Pryer, Kathleen M., Professor of Biology, Duke Science & Society
  • Roth, V. Louise, Professor of Biology, Evolutionary Anthropology
  • Shinohara, Mari L., Professor of Integrative Immunobiology, Cell Biology
  • Wernegreen, Jennifer Jo, Lee Hill Snowdon Associate Professor, Environmental Sciences and Policy
  • Williams, Blythe A., Associate Professor of the Practice Emerita of Evolutionary Anthropology, Evolutionary Anthropology
  • Wray, Gregory Allan, Professor of Biology, Evolutionary Anthropology
  • Yoder, Anne Daphne, Braxton Craven Distinguished Professor of Evolutionary Biology, Duke Science & Society