Repressor Proteins

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  Subject Areas on Research

  • 450K epigenome-wide scan identifies differential DNA methylation in newborns related to maternal smoking during pregnancy. 
  • 4D MRI of polycystic kidneys from rapamycin-treated Glis3-deficient mice. 
  • A Drosophila CREB/CREM homolog encodes multiple isoforms, including a cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase-responsive transcriptional activator and antagonist. 
  • A Molecular Switch Regulating Cell Fate Choice between Muscle Progenitor Cells and Brown Adipocytes. 
  • A Recurrent De Novo Variant in NACC1 Causes a Syndrome Characterized by Infantile Epilepsy, Cataracts, and Profound Developmental Delay. 
  • A Screen for Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase-Primed Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 Substrates Identifies the p53 Inhibitor iASPP. 
  • A combination of independent transcriptional regulators shapes bacterial virulence gene expression during infection. 
  • A combination of two antioxidants (an SOD mimic and ascorbate) produces a pro-oxidative effect forcing Escherichia coli to adapt via induction of oxyR regulon. 
  • A comprehensive structure-function analysis of Arabidopsis SNI1 defines essential regions and transcriptional repressor activity. 
  • A conserved G₁ regulatory circuit promotes asynchronous behavior of nuclei sharing a common cytoplasm. 
  • A critical role of two positively charged amino acids in the Jas motif of Arabidopsis JAZ proteins in mediating coronatine- and jasmonoyl isoleucine-dependent interactions with the COI1 F-box protein. 
  • A de novo frame-shift mutation in the tuberin gene. 
  • A direct link between carbohydrate utilization and virulence in the major human pathogen group A Streptococcus. 
  • A mechanism for Rb/p130-mediated transcription repression involving recruitment of the CtBP corepressor. 
  • A mechanism of COOH-terminal binding protein-mediated repression. 
  • A negative coregulator for the human ER. 
  • A non-oncogenic HPV 16 E6/E7 vaccine enhances treatment of HPV expressing tumors. 
  • A novel splice site mutation (156 + 1G-->A) in the TSC2 gene. 
  • A quantitative, high-throughput screen for protein stability. 
  • A sensitized mutagenesis screen identifies Gli3 as a modifier of Sox10 neurocristopathy. 
  • A single acidic residue can guide binding site selection but does not govern QacR cationic-drug affinity. 
  • A single amino acid difference in the host APOBEC3G protein controls the primate species specificity of HIV type 1 virion infectivity factor. 
  • A three-dimensional ParF meshwork assembles through the nucleoid to mediate plasmid segregation. 
  • A threshold for central T cell tolerance to an inducible serum protein. 
  • A toll-like receptor 2 pathway regulates the Ppargc1a/b metabolic co-activators in mice with Staphylococcal aureus sepsis. 
  • A transcription network of interlocking positive feedback loops maintains intracellular iron balance in archaea. 
  • A transcriptional repressor of osteopontin expression in the 4T1 murine breast cancer cell line. 
  • ASXL1 mutations identify a high-risk subgroup of older patients with primary cytogenetically normal AML within the ELN Favorable genetic category. 
  • Abnormal cone ERGs in a family with congenital nystagmus and photophobia harboring a p.X423Lfs mutation in the PAX6 gene. 
  • Abrogation of P53 function by transfection of HPV16 E6 gene does not enhance resistance of human tumour cells to ionizing radiation. 
  • Abrogation of p53 function by HPV16 E6 gene delays apoptosis and enhances mutagenesis but does not alter radiosensitivity in TK6 human lymphoblast cells. 
  • Activation of TLX3 and NKX2-5 in t(5;14)(q35;q32) T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia by remote 3'-BCL11B enhancers and coregulation by PU.1 and HMGA1. 
  • Activation of src-family tyrosine kinases by LPS regulates cytokine production in dendritic cells by controlling AP-1 formation. 
  • Activity and cellular functions of the deubiquitinating enzyme and polyglutamine disease protein ataxin-3 are regulated by ubiquitination at lysine 117. 
  • Activity of androgen receptor antagonist bicalutamide in prostate cancer cells is independent of NCoR and SMRT corepressors. 
  • Acute myeloid leukemia ontogeny is defined by distinct somatic mutations. 
  • Alternative Splicing of Rice WRKY62 and WRKY76 Transcription Factor Genes in Pathogen Defense. 
  • An Ectopic CTCF Binding Element Inhibits Tcrd Rearrangement by Limiting Contact between Vδ and Dδ Gene Segments. 
  • An essential role for Mad homology domain 1 in the association of Smad3 with histone deacetylase activity*. 
  • An intron facilitates activation of the calspermin gene by the testis-specific transcription factor CREM tau. 
  • Analysis of the Rab GTPase Interactome in Dendritic Cells Reveals Anti-microbial Functions of the Rab32 Complex in Bacterial Containment. 
  • Armadillo coactivates transcription driven by the product of the Drosophila segment polarity gene dTCF. 
  • Aromatic hydrocarbon receptor interaction with the retinoblastoma protein potentiates repression of E2F-dependent transcription and cell cycle arrest. 
  • Arresting a transient receptor potential (TRP) channel: beta-arrestin 1 mediates ubiquitination and functional down-regulation of TRPV4. 
  • Avicinylation (thioesterification): a protein modification that can regulate the response to oxidative and nitrosative stress. 
  • Axin and GSK3- control Smad3 protein stability and modulate TGF- signaling. 
  • BMP4 is essential for lens induction in the mouse embryo. 
  • BP1, a homeodomain-containing isoform of DLX4, represses the beta-globin gene. 
  • Backbone dynamics of the monomeric lambda repressor denatured state ensemble under nondenaturing conditions. 
  • Bacterial effector activates jasmonate signaling by directly targeting JAZ transcriptional repressors. 
  • Beta-arrestin 2 regulates zebrafish development through the hedgehog signaling pathway. 
  • Binary Fate Choice between Closely Related Interneuronal Types Is Determined by a Fezf1-Dependent Postmitotic Transcriptional Switch. 
  • Binding of MetJ repressor to specific and nonspecific DNA and effect of S-adenosylmethionine on these interactions. 
  • Bmp and Fgf signaling are essential for liver specification in zebrafish. 
  • Calspermin gene transcription is regulated by two cyclic AMP response elements contained in an alternative promoter in the calmodulin kinase IV gene. 
  • Carcinogenicity of a nephrotoxic metabolite of the "nongenotoxic" carcinogen hydroquinone. 
  • Casein kinase I phosphorylates and destabilizes the beta-catenin degradation complex. 
  • Caspase-3 cleavage links delta-catenin to the novel nuclear protein ZIFCAT. 
  • Cdc34 and the F-box protein Met30 are required for degradation of the Cdk-inhibitory kinase Swe1. 
  • Cell biology: How to combat stress. 
  • Cell cycle progression in G1 and S phases is CCR4 dependent following ionizing radiation or replication stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 
  • Cell proliferation is insufficient, but loss of tuberin is necessary, for chemically induced nephrocarcinogenicity. 
  • Characterization of the DNA- and metal-binding properties of Vibrio anguillarum fur reveals conservation of a structural Zn(2+) ion. 
  • Characterization of the mouse FTZ-F1 gene, which encodes a key regulator of steroid hydroxylase gene expression. 
  • Characterization of the multiple transferable resistance repressor, MtrR, from Neisseria gonorrhoeae. 
  • Chromatin architecture, CCCTC-binding factor, and V(D)J recombination: managing long-distance relationships at antigen receptor loci. 
  • Chromatin of the Barr body: histone and non-histone proteins associated with or excluded from the inactive X chromosome. 
  • Chromatin-associated HMG-17 is a major regulator of homeodomain transcription factor activity modulated by Wnt/beta-catenin signaling. 
  • Chromatin-bound p53 anchors activated Smads and the mSin3A corepressor to confer transforming-growth-factor-beta-mediated transcription repression. 
  • Cic Loss Promotes Gliomagenesis via Aberrant Neural Stem Cell Proliferation and Differentiation. 
  • Cohesin, CTCF and lymphocyte antigen receptor locus rearrangement. 
  • Commensal Bacteria Regulate Gene Expression and Differentiation in Vertebrate Olfactory Systems Through Transcription Factor REST. 
  • Comment on 'A PAX6 gene polymorphism is associated with genetic predisposition to extreme myopia'. 
  • Common genetic variation in the 3'-BCL11B gene desert is associated with carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity and excess cardiovascular disease risk: the AortaGen Consortium. 
  • Complexity of CNC transcription factors as revealed by gene targeting of the Nrf3 locus. 
  • Conformational changes of purine repressor DNA-binding domain upon complexation with DNA. 
  • Conserved thermodynamic contributions of backbone hydrogen bonds in a protein fold. 
  • Contribution of a buried hydrogen bond to lambda repressor folding kinetics. 
  • Coregulators in nuclear estrogen receptor action: from concept to therapeutic targeting. 
  • Correlates of Prenatal and Early-Life Tobacco Smoke Exposure and Frequency of Common Gene Deletions in Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. 
  • Crystal structure of LacI member, PurR, bound to DNA: minor groove binding by alpha helices. 
  • Crystal structure of the Bacillus subtilis anti-alpha, global transcriptional regulator, Spx, in complex with the alpha C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase. 
  • Crystal structure of the lactose operon repressor and its complexes with DNA and inducer. 
  • Crystal structures of QacR-diamidine complexes reveal additional multidrug-binding modes and a novel mechanism of drug charge neutralization. 
  • Crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of an Escherichia coli purine repressor-hypoxanthine-DNA complex. 
  • Crystallization and preliminary X-ray studies on the co-repressor binding domain of the Escherichia coli purine repressor. 
  • Crystallization of a complex of cro repressor with a 17 base-pair operator. 
  • Crystallization of the bifunctional biotin operon repressor. 
  • Cyclin D1 inhibits peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma-mediated adipogenesis through histone deacetylase recruitment. 
  • Cyclophilin A and Ess1 interact with and regulate silencing by the Sin3-Rpd3 histone deacetylase. 
  • Cyclophilin A is localized to the nucleus and controls meiosis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 
  • DAF-16/FOXO regulates transcription of cki-1/Cip/Kip and repression of lin-4 during C. elegans L1 arrest. 
  • DEPDC1/LET-99 participates in an evolutionarily conserved pathway for anti-tubulin drug-induced apoptosis. 
  • DISC1-ATF4 transcriptional repression complex: dual regulation of the cAMP-PDE4 cascade by DISC1. 
  • DNA Methylation of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Repressor Associations With Cigarette Smoking and Subclinical Atherosclerosis. 
  • DNA repair proteins are directly involved in regulation of gene expression during plant immune response. 
  • Daily humidity oscillation regulates the circadian clock to influence plant physiology. 
  • Daughter-specific transcription factors regulate cell size control in budding yeast. 
  • De Novo Truncating Variants in ASXL2 Are Associated with a Unique and Recognizable Clinical Phenotype. 
  • Deciphering the molecular basis of multidrug recognition: crystal structures of the Staphylococcus aureus multidrug binding transcription regulator QacR. 
  • Definition of the critical cellular components which distinguish between hormone and antihormone activated progesterone receptor. 
  • Deletion of Siah-interacting protein gene in Drosophila causes cardiomyopathy. 
  • Dependence of the regulation of telomere length on the type of subtelomeric repeat in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 
  • Derepression of BDNF transcription involves calcium-dependent phosphorylation of MeCP2. 
  • Determinants of Swe1p degradation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 
  • Differential DNA methylation with age displays both common and dynamic features across human tissues that are influenced by CpG landscape. 
  • Differential contribution of cis-regulatory elements to higher order chromatin structure and expression of the CFTR locus. 
  • Differential effect of B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein (Blimp-1) expression on cell fate during B cell development. 
  • Diploid strains of the pathogenic basidiomycete Cryptococcus neoformans are thermally dimorphic. 
  • Direct analysis of backbone-backbone hydrogen bond formation in protein folding transition states. 
  • Direct interactions between corepressors and coactivators permit the integration of nuclear receptor-mediated repression and activation. 
  • Disruption of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Signaling in Sim1 Neurons Reduces Physiological and Behavioral Reactivity to Acute and Chronic Stress. 
  • Disruption of PAX6 function in mice homozygous for the Pax6Sey-1Neu mutation produces abnormalities in the early development and regionalization of the diencephalon. 
  • Dissecting the genetics of human high myopia: a molecular biologic approach. 
  • Distinct Epigenetic Effects of Tobacco Smoking in Whole Blood and among Leukocyte Subtypes. 
  • Distinct single amino acid replacements in the control of virulence regulator protein differentially impact streptococcal pathogenesis. 
  • Division of labor: subsets of dorsal-appendage-forming cells control the shape of the entire tube. 
  • Drosophila Tcf and Groucho interact to repress Wingless signalling activity. 
  • E1A-mediated inhibition of myogenesis correlates with a direct physical interaction of E1A12S and basic helix-loop-helix proteins. 
  • ELF3 is a repressor of androgen receptor action in prostate cancer cells. 
  • EZH2 regulates the transcription of estrogen-responsive genes through association with REA, an estrogen receptor corepressor. 
  • Early de novo DNA methylation and prolonged demethylation in the muscle lineage. 
  • Effect of isopropyl-beta-D-thiogalactopyranosid induction of the lac operon on the specificity of spontaneous and doxorubicin-induced mutations in Escherichia coli. 
  • Effects of the su(Hw) insulator protein on the expression of the divergently transcribed Drosophila yolk protein genes. 
  • Endogenous protein S-Nitrosylation in E. coli: regulation by OxyR. 
  • Enhancer blocking by the Drosophila gypsy insulator depends upon insulator anatomy and enhancer strength. 
  • Epidermal growth factor receptor signaling promotes metastatic prostate cancer through microRNA-96-mediated downregulation of the tumor suppressor ETV6. 
  • Escherichia coli biotin holoenzyme synthetase/bio repressor crystal structure delineates the biotin- and DNA-binding domains. 
  • Escherichia coli purine repressor: key residues for the allosteric transition between active and inactive conformations and for interdomain signaling. 
  • Establishment of Expression in the SHORTROOT-SCARECROW Transcriptional Cascade through Opposing Activities of Both Activators and Repressors. 
  • Estrogen treatment enhances hereditary renal tumor development in Eker rats. 
  • Evaluation of Primary Angle-Closure Glaucoma Susceptibility Loci in Patients with Early Stages of Angle-Closure Disease. 
  • Evidence for the involvement of the Gli gene family in embryonic mouse lung development. 
  • Excision and transposition of Tn5 as an SOS activity in Escherichia coli. 
  • Explicit equilibrium modeling of transcription-factor binding and gene regulation. 
  • Expression and hormonal regulation of coactivator and corepressor genes. 
  • Expression of P120 catenin, Kaiso, and metastasis tumor antigen-2 in thymomas. 
  • FKF1 F-box protein mediates cyclic degradation of a repressor of CONSTANS in Arabidopsis 
  • Fetal hemoglobin in sickle cell anemia: genome-wide association studies suggest a regulatory region in the 5' olfactory receptor gene cluster. 
  • First evidence that γ-tocotrienol inhibits the growth of human gastric cancer and chemosensitizes it to capecitabine in a xenograft mouse model through the modulation of NF-κB pathway. 
  • Foamy virus Bet proteins function as novel inhibitors of the APOBEC3 family of innate antiretroviral defense factors. 
  • Folding kinetics of a fluorescent variant of monomeric lambda repressor. 
  • FoxP2 expression in avian vocal learners and non-learners. 
  • Foxp1 Is Indispensable for Ductal Morphogenesis and Controls the Exit of Mammary Stem Cells from Quiescence. 
  • Frequent ATRX, CIC, FUBP1 and IDH1 mutations refine the classification of malignant gliomas. 
  • Frequent IGF2/H19 domain epigenetic alterations and elevated IGF2 expression in epithelial ovarian cancer. 
  • Functional analysis of SPINDLY in gibberellin signaling in Arabidopsis. 
  • Functional analysis of Wingless reveals a link between intercellular ligand transport and dorsal-cell-specific signaling. 
  • Functional dissection of the HIV-1 Rev trans-activator--derivation of a trans-dominant repressor of Rev function. 
  • Functional genomics identifies specific vulnerabilities in PTEN-deficient breast cancer. 
  • Further investigation of simian immunodeficiency virus Vif function in human cells. 
  • G Protein-coupled receptor kinases phosphorylate LRP6 in the Wnt pathway. 
  • Generalized dead-end elimination algorithms make large-scale protein side-chain structure prediction tractable: implications for protein design and structural genomics. 
  • Genetic characterization and functional analysis of the GID1 gibberellin receptors in Arabidopsis. 
  • Genetic contribution to variation in DNA methylation at maternal smoking-sensitive loci in exposed neonates. 
  • Genome-Wide Association Meta-Analysis Reveals Novel Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Susceptibility Loci. 
  • Genome-wide association analyses identify three new susceptibility loci for primary angle closure glaucoma. 
  • Genome-wide association study identifies ZFHX1B as a susceptibility locus for severe myopia. 
  • Genome-wide association study of retinopathy in individuals without diabetes. 
  • Genomic structure and chromosomal localization of the novel ETS factor, PE-2 (ERF). 
  • Germline genetic variation in ETV6 and risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: a systematic genetic study. 
  • Gfi-1B controls human erythroid and megakaryocytic differentiation by regulating TGF-beta signaling at the bipotent erythro-megakaryocytic progenitor stage. 
  • Gibberellin signaling: biosynthesis, catabolism, and response pathways. 
  • Gibberellins and the Green Revolution. 
  • Global analysis of della direct targets in early gibberellin signaling in Arabidopsis. 
  • Global epigenomic analysis of primary human pancreatic islets provides insights into type 2 diabetes susceptibility loci. 
  • GlpR Is a Direct Transcriptional Repressor of Fructose Metabolic Genes in Haloferax volcanii. 
  • Growth factor modulation of p53-mediated growth arrest versus apoptosis. 
  • HES factors regulate specific aspects of chondrogenesis and chondrocyte hypertrophy during cartilage development. 
  • HIV-1 Vif: counteracting innate antiretroviral defenses. 
  • Haploinsufficient phenotypes in Bmp4 heterozygous null mice and modification by mutations in Gli3 and Alx4. 
  • Heat and cold denatured states of monomeric lambda repressor are thermodynamically and conformationally equivalent. 
  • Helix lap-joints as ion-binding sites: DNA-binding motifs and Ca-binding "EF hands" are related by charge and sequence reversal. 
  • Heme proteins and nitric oxide (NO): the neglected, eloquent chemistry in NO redox signaling and regulation. 
  • Hepatocyte nuclear factor-4alpha mediates redox sensitivity of inducible nitric-oxide synthase gene transcription. 
  • Hereditary renal cell carcinoma in the Eker rat: a unique animal model for the study of cancer susceptibility. 
  • Heritable individual-specific and allele-specific chromatin signatures in humans. 
  • Herpes simplex virus proteins ICP27 and UL47 associate with polyadenylate-binding protein and control its subcellular distribution. 
  • High incidence of HPV-associated head and neck cancers in FA deficient mice is associated with E7's induction of DNA damage through its inactivation of pocket proteins. 
  • High incidence of T-cell tumors in E2A-null mice and E2A/Id1 double-knockout mice. 
  • High incidence of female reproductive tract cancers in FA-deficient HPV16-transgenic mice correlates with E7's induction of DNA damage response, an activity mediated by E7's inactivation of pocket proteins. 
  • Highly specific epigenome editing by CRISPR-Cas9 repressors for silencing of distal regulatory elements. 
  • Histone deacetylase 3 binds to and regulates the GCMa transcription factor. 
  • Hos2p/Set3p deacetylase complex signals secretory stress through the Mpk1p cell integrity pathway. 
  • HspR is a global negative regulator of heat shock gene expression in Deinococcus radiodurans. 
  • Human Bcl-2 cannot directly inhibit the Caenorhabditis elegans Apaf-1 homologue CED-4, but can interact with EGL-1. 
  • Human MafG is a functional partner for p45 NF-E2 in activating globin gene expression. 
  • Human gamma-satellite DNA maintains open chromatin structure and protects a transgene from epigenetic silencing. 
  • Human papillomavirus 16 E6 expression disrupts the p53-mediated cellular response to DNA damage. 
  • Human papillomavirus type 16 infection and squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck in never-smokers: a matched pair analysis. 
  • Hypervirulent group A Streptococcus emergence in an acaspular background is associated with marked remodeling of the bacterial cell surface. 
  • Id1 and Id3 are required for neurogenesis, angiogenesis and vascularization of tumour xenografts. 
  • Identification and characterization of cell type-specific and ubiquitous chromatin regulatory structures in the human genome. 
  • Identification of MeCP2 mutations in a series of females with autistic disorder. 
  • Identification of Tgf beta1i4 as a downstream target of Foxc1. 
  • Identification of a negative regulatory surface within estrogen receptor alpha provides evidence in support of a role for corepressors in regulating cellular responses to agonists and antagonists. 
  • Identification of a novel epigenetic regulatory region within the pluripotency associated microRNA cluster, EEmiRC. 
  • Identification of a novel repressive element that contributes to neuron-specific gene expression. 
  • Identification of mZnf8, a mouse Krüppel-like transcriptional repressor, as a novel nuclear interaction partner of Smad1. 
  • Identification of phosphorylation sites in the translational regulator, PHAS-I, that are controlled by insulin and rapamycin in rat adipocytes. 
  • Identification of prohibitin and prohibiton as novel factors binding to the p53 induced gene 3 (PIG3) promoter (TGYCC)(15) motif. 
  • Identifying Synaptic Proteins by In Vivo BioID from Mouse Brain. 
  • Idiopathic pancreatitis related to CFTR: complex inheritance and identification of a modifier gene. 
  • Improved excitation pulse bandwidths using shaped pulses, with application to heteronuclear half filters in macromolecular NMR. 
  • Inactivation of the human papillomavirus E6 or E7 gene in cervical carcinoma cells by using a bacterial CRISPR/Cas RNA-guided endonuclease. 
  • Induction of cytotoxic T lymphocytes with dendritic cells transfected with human papillomavirus E6 and E7 RNA: implications for cervical cancer immunotherapy. 
  • Inhibition of a yeast LTR retrotransposon by human APOBEC3 cytidine deaminases. 
  • Innate inhibition of adaptive immunity: Mycobacterium tuberculosis-induced IL-6 inhibits macrophage responses to IFN-gamma. 
  • Integrating genetic, transcriptional, and functional analyses to identify 5 novel genes for atrial fibrillation. 
  • Interaction between transcriptional activator protein LAC9 and negative regulatory protein GAL80. 
  • Interaction of YY1 with E2Fs, mediated by RYBP, provides a mechanism for specificity of E2F function. 
  • Interaction of the polyglutamine protein ataxin-3 with Rad23 regulates toxicity in Drosophila models of Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3. 
  • Interferon regulatory factor-1 up-regulates angiotensin II type 2 receptor and induces apoptosis. 
  • JAZ repressor proteins are targets of the SCF(COI1) complex during jasmonate signalling. 
  • Jasmonate perception by inositol-phosphate-potentiated COI1-JAZ co-receptor. 
  • Jun dimerization protein 2 functions as a progesterone receptor N-terminal domain coactivator. 
  • Kif7 promotes hedgehog signaling in growth plate chondrocytes by restricting the inhibitory function of Sufu. 
  • Kinetic role of helix caps in protein folding is context-dependent. 
  • Laboratory diagnosis of creatine deficiency syndromes: a technical standard and guideline of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics. 
  • Lack of coactivator interaction can be a mechanism for dominant negative activity by mutant thyroid hormone receptors. 
  • Large-scale GWAS identifies multiple loci for hand grip strength providing biological insights into muscular fitness. 
  • Laying the foundation for genomically-based risk assessment in chronic myeloid leukemia. 
  • Lineage-specific compaction of Tcrb requires a chromatin barrier to protect the function of a long-range tethering element. 
  • Long Noncoding RNA MANTIS Facilitates Endothelial Angiogenic Function. 
  • Loss of Dependence on Continued Expression of the Human Papillomavirus 16 E7 Oncogene in Cervical Cancers and Precancerous Lesions Arising in Fanconi Anemia Pathway-Deficient Mice. 
  • Loss of PRDM1/BLIMP-1 function contributes to poor prognosis of activated B-cell-like diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. 
  • LvGroucho and nuclear beta-catenin functionally compete for Tcf binding to influence activation of the endomesoderm gene regulatory network in the sea urchin embryo. 
  • MYC Disrupts the Circadian Clock and Metabolism in Cancer Cells. 
  • Mammalian homologs of Drosophila ELAV localized to a neuronal subset can bind in vitro to the 3' UTR of mRNA encoding the Id transcriptional repressor. 
  • Mammary analog secretory carcinoma of salivary gland origin with the ETV6 gene rearrangement by FISH: expanded morphologic and immunohistochemical spectrum of a recently described entity. 
  • Mapping and characterization of the functional domains responsible for the differential activity of the A and B isoforms of the human progesterone receptor. 
  • Mechanism of corepressor-mediated specific DNA binding by the purine repressor. 
  • MetJ repressor interactions with DNA probed by in-cell NMR. 
  • Meta-analysis of 2040 sickle cell anemia patients: BCL11A and HBS1L-MYB are the major modifiers of HbF in African Americans. 
  • Meta-analysis of GWAS of over 16,000 individuals with autism spectrum disorder highlights a novel locus at 10q24.32 and a significant overlap with schizophrenia. 
  • Metabolomics Identifies a Biomarker Revealing In Vivo Loss of Functional β-Cell Mass Before Diabetes Onset. 
  • Methed-up FOXOs can't in-Akt-ivate. 
  • Methionine oxidation of monomeric lambda repressor: the denatured state ensemble under nondenaturing conditions. 
  • Methylthioadenosine Suppresses Salmonella Virulence. 
  • Microsecond protein folding through a compact transition state. 
  • Modulatory function of CREB.CREM alpha heterodimers depends upon CREM alpha phosphorylation. 
  • Molecular characterization and localization of the human MAFG gene. 
  • Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel histone deacetylase HDAC10. 
  • Molecular staging of pathologically negative sentinel lymph nodes from melanoma patients using multimarker, quantitative real-time rt-PCR. 
  • Multidrug-binding transcription factor QacR binds the bivalent aromatic diamidines DB75 and DB359 in multiple positions. 
  • Multiple mechanisms control phosphorylation of PHAS-I in five (S/T)P sites that govern translational repression. 
  • Multiple proteins interact with the nuclear inhibitory protein repressor element in the human interleukin-3 promoter. 
  • Mutagenicity and carcinogenicity of biological reactive intermediate's derived from a "non-genotoxic" carcinogen. 
  • Mutant huntingtin impairs PNKP and ATXN3, disrupting DNA repair and transcription. 
  • Mutation analysis of the TSC2 gene in an African-American family. 
  • Mutation and polymorphism analysis in the tuberous sclerosis 2 (TSC2) gene. 
  • Mutations in CIC and FUBP1 contribute to human oligodendroglioma. 
  • Nedd4 mediates agonist-dependent ubiquitination, lysosomal targeting, and degradation of the beta2-adrenergic receptor. 
  • Negative feedback control of jasmonate signaling by an alternative splice variant of JAZ10. 
  • Negative regulation of CD4 gene expression by a HES-1-c-Myb complex. 
  • Negative regulation of TSHalpha target gene by thyroid hormone involves histone acetylation and corepressor complex dissociation. 
  • New bedfellows in the mammalian sex-determination affair. 
  • Niche-specific contribution to streptococcal virulence of a MalR-regulated carbohydrate binding protein. 
  • Nitrosative stress: activation of the transcription factor OxyR. 
  • Nomenclature: vertebrate mediators of TGFbeta family signals. 
  • Not-so-pseudo a substrate: Acm1-mediated inhibition of the APC. 
  • Novel human bronchial epithelial cell lines for cystic fibrosis research. 
  • Novel repression of Kcc2 transcription by REST-RE-1 controls developmental switch in neuronal chloride. 
  • Nuclear Localized O-Fucosyltransferase SPY Facilitates PRR5 Proteolysis to Fine-Tune the Pace of Arabidopsis Circadian Clock. 
  • Nuclear translocation of Gln3 in response to nutrient signals requires Golgi-to-endosome trafficking in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 
  • Open chromatin defined by DNaseI and FAIRE identifies regulatory elements that shape cell-type identity. 
  • Opposing effects of cancer-type-specific SPOP mutants on BET protein degradation and sensitivity to BET inhibitors. 
  • Optimal sequence selection in proteins of known structure by simulated evolution. 
  • Overexpression of the Notch target genes Hes in vivo induces lymphoid and myeloid alterations. 
  • OxyR: a molecular code for redox-related signaling. 
  • PIL5, a phytochrome-interacting bHLH protein, regulates gibberellin responsiveness by binding directly to the GAI and RGA promoters in Arabidopsis seeds. 
  • Pan-cancer Alterations of the MYC Oncogene and Its Proximal Network across the Cancer Genome Atlas. 
  • Partial agonist activity of the progesterone receptor antagonist RU486 mediated by an amino-terminal domain coactivator and phosphorylation of serine400. 
  • Phase I trial of MK-0752 in children with refractory CNS malignancies: a pediatric brain tumor consortium study. 
  • Phosphoprotein Crh-Ser46-P displays altered binding to CcpA to effect carbon catabolite regulation. 
  • Physiological notch signaling maintains bone homeostasis via RBPjk and Hey upstream of NFATc1. 
  • Plant hormone jasmonate prioritizes defense over growth by interfering with gibberellin signaling cascade. 
  • Pleiotropic Associations of Allelic Variants in a 2q22 Region with Risks of Major Human Diseases and Mortality. 
  • Poly(A)-binding protein modulates mRNA susceptibility to cap-dependent miRNA-mediated repression. 
  • Polycystic kidney disease as a result of loss of the tuberous sclerosis 2 tumor suppressor gene during development. 
  • Positive feedback of G1 cyclins ensures coherent cell cycle entry. 
  • Post-transcriptional regulation of MTA family by microRNAs in the context of cancer. 
  • Primary testicular diffuse large B-cell lymphoma displays distinct clinical and biological features for treatment failure in rituximab era: a report from the International PTL Consortium. 
  • Probing the DNA sequence specificity of Escherichia coli RECA protein. 
  • Progesterone receptor interacting coregulatory proteins and cross talk with cell signaling pathways. 
  • Prokaryotic transcription regulators: more than just the helix-turn-helix motif. 
  • Promoter methylation and silencing of the tissue factor pathway inhibitor-2 (TFPI-2), a gene encoding an inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases in human glioma cells. 
  • Prostate cancer-associated SPOP mutations confer resistance to BET inhibitors through stabilization of BRD4. 
  • Protein acetylation and histone deacetylase expression associated with malignant breast cancer progression. 
  • Protein folding dynamics: quantitative comparison between theory and experiment. 
  • Protein kinase C-mediated modulation of FIH-1 expression by the homeodomain protein CDP/Cut/Cux. 
  • Protein nanotechnology: the new frontier in biosciences. 
  • Protein phosphatase 1 regulates assembly and function of the beta-catenin degradation complex. 
  • Protein phosphatase 2A and its B56 regulatory subunit inhibit Wnt signaling in Xenopus. 
  • Protein-DNA conformational changes in the crystal structure of a lambda Cro-operator complex. 
  • QacR-cation recognition is mediated by a redundancy of residues capable of charge neutralization. 
  • Quantitative genetics of CTCF binding reveal local sequence effects and different modes of X-chromosome association. 
  • RNA-dependent stabilization of SUV39H1 at constitutive heterochromatin. 
  • RacGap50C negatively regulates wingless pathway activity during Drosophila embryonic development. 
  • Real-time quantitative PCR demonstrates low prevalence of human papillomavirus type 16 in premalignant and malignant lesions of the oral cavity. 
  • Redox-mediated upregulation of hepatocyte iNOS transcription requires coactivator PC4. 
  • Regulation of MEF2 by histone deacetylase 4- and SIRT1 deacetylase-mediated lysine modifications. 
  • Regulation of a cyclin-CDK-CDK inhibitor complex by inositol pyrophosphates. 
  • Regulation of iron transport related genes by boron in the marine bacterium Marinobacter algicola DG893. 
  • Regulation of systemic acquired resistance by NPR1 and its partners. 
  • Regulation of the TSC pathway by LKB1: evidence of a molecular link between tuberous sclerosis complex and Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. 
  • Regulation of the amino-terminal transcription activation domain of progesterone receptor by a cofactor-induced protein folding mechanism. 
  • Regulation of transcription of the repA1 gene in the replication control region of IncFII plasmid NR1 by gene dosage of the repA2 transcription repressor protein. 
  • Relationship between expression of coactivators and corepressors of hormone receptors and resistance of ovarian cancers to growth regulation by steroid hormones. 
  • Repressing a repressor: gibberellin-induced rapid reduction of the RGA protein in Arabidopsis. 
  • Repression of the human papillomavirus E6 gene initiates p53-dependent, telomerase-independent senescence and apoptosis in HeLa cervical carcinoma cells. 
  • Retention of replication fidelity by a DNA polymerase functioning in a distantly related environment. 
  • Retrospective family study of childhood medulloblastoma. 
  • Role of PUF60 gene in Verheij syndrome: a case report of the first Chinese Han patient with a de novo pathogenic variant and review of the literature. 
  • Role of residue 147 in the gene regulatory function of the Escherichia coli purine repressor. 
  • RsaL, a novel repressor of virulence gene expression in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 
  • SMRT repression of nuclear receptors controls the adipogenic set point and metabolic homeostasis. 
  • SMRTER, a Drosophila nuclear receptor coregulator, reveals that EcR-mediated repression is critical for development. 
  • SOCS36E, a novel Drosophila SOCS protein, suppresses JAK/STAT and EGF-R signalling in the imaginal wing disc. 
  • SPOP Promotes Nanog Destruction to Suppress Stem Cell Traits and Prostate Cancer Progression. 
  • Segrosome structure revealed by a complex of ParR with centromere DNA. 
  • Selective inhibition of Alu retrotransposition by APOBEC3G. 
  • Sequence variants in the transforming growth beta-induced factor (TGIF) gene are not associated with high myopia. 
  • Serotonin- and training-induced dynamic regulation of CREB2 in Aplysia. 
  • Signatures of protein-DNA recognition in free DNA binding sites. 
  • Site-specific silencing of regulatory elements as a mechanism of X inactivation. 
  • Sok2 regulates yeast pseudohyphal differentiation via a transcription factor cascade that regulates cell-cell adhesion. 
  • Somatic mutations in the transcriptional corepressor gene BCORL1 in adult acute myelogenous leukemia. 
  • Spartin activates atrophin-1-interacting protein 4 (AIP4) E3 ubiquitin ligase and promotes ubiquitination of adipophilin on lipid droplets. 
  • Specific packaging of APOBEC3G into HIV-1 virions is mediated by the nucleocapsid domain of the gag polyprotein precursor. 
  • Steroidogenic factor 1 and Dax-1 colocalize in multiple cell lineages: potential links in endocrine development. 
  • Structural analysis of the purine repressor, an Escherichia coli DNA-binding protein. 
  • Structural basis for allosteric control of the transcription regulator CcpA by the phosphoprotein HPr-Ser46-P. 
  • Structural basis for cooperative DNA binding by two dimers of the multidrug-binding protein QacR. 
  • Structural basis for the differential regulation of DNA by the methionine repressor MetJ. 
  • Structural basis for the metal-selective activation of the manganese transport regulator of Bacillus subtilis. 
  • Structural basis of JAZ repression of MYC transcription factors in jasmonate signalling. 
  • Structural comparison of the free and DNA-bound forms of the purine repressor DNA-binding domain. 
  • Structural insights into alternative splicing-mediated desensitization of jasmonate signaling. 
  • Structural mechanism for the fine-tuning of CcpA function by the small molecule effectors glucose 6-phosphate and fructose 1,6-bisphosphate. 
  • Structural mechanism of organic hydroperoxide induction of the transcription regulator OhrR. 
  • Structural mechanism of the simultaneous binding of two drugs to a multidrug-binding protein. 
  • Structural mechanism of transcription regulation of the Staphylococcus aureus multidrug efflux operon mepRA by the MarR family repressor MepR. 
  • Structural mechanisms of QacR induction and multidrug recognition. 
  • Structural, Biochemical, and In Vivo Characterization of MtrR-Mediated Resistance to Innate Antimicrobials by the Human Pathogen Neisseria gonorrhoeae. 
  • Structure and functional properties of the Bacillus subtilis transcriptional repressor Rex. 
  • Structure and stability of monomeric lambda repressor: NMR evidence for two-state folding. 
  • Structure of an OhrR-ohrA operator complex reveals the DNA binding mechanism of the MarR family. 
  • Structure of the manganese-bound manganese transport regulator of Bacillus subtilis. 
  • Structure-based redesign of corepressor specificity of the Escherichia coli purine repressor by substitution of residue 190. 
  • Structure-function analyses of the HTLV-I Rex and HIV-1 Rev RNA response elements: insights into the mechanism of Rex and Rev action. 
  • Structures of regulatory machinery reveal novel molecular mechanisms controlling B. subtilis nitrogen homeostasis. 
  • Structures of the Escherichia coli transcription activator and regulator of diauxie, XylR: an AraC DNA-binding family member with a LacI/GalR ligand-binding domain. 
  • Studies on the repression of basal transcription (silencing) by artificial and natural human thyroid hormone receptor-beta mutants. 
  • Submillisecond folding of monomeric lambda repressor. 
  • Suppressor of fused (Sufu) mediates the effect of parathyroid hormone-like hormone (Pthlh) on chondrocyte differentiation in the growth plate. 
  • Suppressor of fused negatively regulates beta-catenin signaling. 
  • Survivin DNA vaccine generated specific antitumor effects in pancreatic carcinoma and lymphoma mouse models. 
  • Synergistic derepression of gibberellin signaling by removing RGA and GAI function in Arabidopsis thaliana. 
  • Synergistic induction of AHR regulated genes in developmental toxicity from co-exposure to two model PAHs in zebrafish. 
  • TSC2: filling the GAP in the mTOR signaling pathway. 
  • Targeting miR-23a in CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes prevents tumor-dependent immunosuppression. 
  • Tcra gene recombination is supported by a Tcra enhancer- and CTCF-dependent chromatin hub. 
  • The A and B isoforms of the human progesterone receptor operate through distinct signaling pathways within target cells. 
  • The Arabidopsis O-fucosyltransferase SPINDLY activates nuclear growth repressor DELLA. 
  • The Arabidopsis RGA gene encodes a transcriptional regulator repressing the gibberellin signal transduction pathway. 
  • The DNA repair protein, O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase is a proteolytic target for the E6 human papillomavirus oncoprotein. 
  • The DNA-binding homeo domain of the Oct-2 protein. 
  • The Development of TALE Nucleases for Biotechnology. 
  • The ERF11 Transcription Factor Promotes Internode Elongation by Activating Gibberellin Biosynthesis and Signaling. 
  • The HMG-box transcription factor SoxNeuro acts with Tcf to control Wg/Wnt signaling activity. 
  • The Krüppel-like factor KLF15 regulates the insulin-sensitive glucose transporter GLUT4. 
  • The MerR-like protein BldC binds DNA direct repeats as cooperative multimers to regulate Streptomyces development. 
  • The MetJ regulon in gammaproteobacteria determined by comparative genomics methods. 
  • The RNA-binding protein DND1 acts sequentially as a negative regulator of pluripotency and a positive regulator of epigenetic modifiers required for germ cell reprogramming. 
  • The SV40 core sequence functions as a repressor element in yeast. 
  • The Smads: transcriptional regulation and mouse models. 
  • The Snail repressor is required for PMC ingression in the sea urchin embryo. 
  • The Streptomyces master regulator BldD binds c-di-GMP sequentially to create a functional BldD2-(c-di-GMP)4 complex. 
  • The TOR signal transduction cascade controls cellular differentiation in response to nutrients. 
  • The TetR family of transcriptional repressors. 
  • The X-ray structure of the PurR-guanine-purF operator complex reveals the contributions of complementary electrostatic surfaces and a water-mediated hydrogen bond to corepressor specificity and binding affinity. 
  • The activity of a highly promiscuous AP-1 element can be confined to neurons by a tissue-selective repressive element. 
  • The androgen receptor recruits nuclear receptor CoRepressor (N-CoR) in the presence of mifepristone via its N and C termini revealing a novel molecular mechanism for androgen receptor antagonists. 
  • The cell-cycle transcriptional network generates and transmits a pulse of transcription once each cell cycle. 
  • The crystal structure of the TetR family transcriptional repressor SimR bound to DNA and the role of a flexible N-terminal extension in minor groove binding. 
  • The deacetylase HDAC4 controls myocyte enhancing factor-2-dependent structural gene expression in response to neural activity. 
  • The deubiquitinating enzyme ataxin-3, a polyglutamine disease protein, edits Lys63 linkages in mixed linkage ubiquitin chains. 
  • The effects of molecular noise and size control on variability in the budding yeast cell cycle. 
  • The energetic contribution of backbone--backbone hydrogen bonds to the thermodynamic stability of a hyperstable P22 Arc repressor mutant. 
  • The energy landscape of a fast-folding protein mapped by Ala-->Gly substitutions. 
  • The exon junction complex component Magoh controls brain size by regulating neural stem cell division. 
  • The gamma2 late glycoprotein K promoter of equine herpesvirus 1 is differentially regulated by the IE and EICP0 proteins. 
  • The genomic landscape of mantle cell lymphoma is related to the epigenetically determined chromatin state of normal B cells. 
  • The growth-dependent expression of angiotensin II type 2 receptor is regulated by transcription factors interferon regulatory factor-1 and -2. 
  • The human progesterone receptor A-form functions as a transcriptional modulator of mineralocorticoid receptor transcriptional activity. 
  • The intrinsic antiretroviral factor APOBEC3B contains two enzymatically active cytidine deaminase domains. 
  • The kelch proteins Gpb1 and Gpb2 inhibit Ras activity via association with the yeast RasGAP neurofibromin homologs Ira1 and Ira2. 
  • The modular nature of histone deacetylase HDAC4 confers phosphorylation-dependent intracellular trafficking. 
  • The molecular mechanisms of allosteric mutations impairing MepR repressor function in multidrug-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus. 
  • The new RGA locus encodes a negative regulator of gibberellin response in Arabidopsis thaliana. 
  • The nuclear corepressor, NCoR, regulates thyroid hormone action in vivo. 
  • The nuclear corepressors NCoR and SMRT are key regulators of both ligand- and 8-bromo-cyclic AMP-dependent transcriptional activity of the human progesterone receptor. 
  • The opposing transcriptional activities of the two isoforms of the human progesterone receptor are due to differential cofactor binding. 
  • The presence of human papillomavirus-16/-18 E6, p53, and Bcl-2 protein in cervicovaginal smears from patients with invasive cervical cancer. 
  • The promoter of human T-cell leukemia virus type-I is repressed by the immediate-early gene region of human cytomegalovirus in primary blood lymphocytes. 
  • The protein kinase Tor1 regulates adhesin gene expression in Candida albicans. 
  • The proximity-labeling technique BioID identifies sorting nexin 6 as a member of the insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1)-IGF1 receptor pathway. 
  • The regulator of G protein signaling domain of axin selectively interacts with Galpha12 but not Galpha13. 
  • The role of cDermo-1 and cTwist in the avian embryo. 
  • The role of lysine 55 in determining the specificity of the purine repressor for its operators through minor groove interactions. 
  • The secretory pathway in control of endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis. 
  • The staphylococcal QacR multidrug regulator binds a correctly spaced operator as a pair of dimers. 
  • The structural distribution of cooperative interactions in proteins: analysis of the native state ensemble. 
  • The structure of PurR mutant L54M shows an alternative route to DNA kinking. 
  • The thyroid hormone receptor recruits NCoR via widely spaced receptor-interacting domains. 
  • The transcription elongation factor CA150 interacts with RNA polymerase II and the pre-mRNA splicing factor SF1. 
  • The transcription factor B-Myb is maintained in an inhibited state in target cells through its interaction with the nuclear corepressors N-CoR and SMRT. 
  • The ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E2) Ube2w ubiquitinates the N terminus of substrates. 
  • The winged-helix/forkhead protein myocyte nuclear factor beta (MNF-beta) forms a co-repressor complex with mammalian sin3B. 
  • The yeast Rab GTPase Ypt1 modulates unfolded protein response dynamics by regulating the stability of HAC1 RNA. 
  • Thermodynamic characterization of the binding interaction between the histone demethylase LSD1/KDM1 and CoREST. 
  • Thermodynamic evaluation of binding interactions in the methionine repressor system of Escherichia coli using isothermal titration calorimetry. 
  • Thermodynamic stability measurements on multimeric proteins using a new H/D exchange- and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry-based method. 
  • Transcription factor Nrg1 mediates capsule formation, stress response, and pathogenesis in Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Transcription factor-dependent nuclear localization of a transcriptional repressor in jasmonate hormone signaling. 
  • Transcription profiling of estrogen target genes in young and old mouse uterus. 
  • Transcription-associated mutation of lasR in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 
  • Transgenic targeting of a dominant negative corepressor to liver and analyses by cDNA microarray. 
  • Transgenic targeting of a dominant negative corepressor to liver blocks basal repression by thyroid hormone receptor and increases cell proliferation. 
  • Transient requirement for ganglion cells during assembly of retinal synaptic layers. 
  • Tuberin-dependent membrane localization of polycystin-1: a functional link between polycystic kidney disease and the TSC2 tumor suppressor gene. 
  • Two-stage genome-wide association study identifies a novel susceptibility locus associated with melanoma. 
  • Ube2w and ataxin-3 coordinately regulate the ubiquitin ligase CHIP. 
  • Ubiquitin-binding site 2 of ataxin-3 prevents its proteasomal degradation by interacting with Rad23. 
  • Ubiquitination directly enhances activity of the deubiquitinating enzyme ataxin-3. 
  • Update on late relapse of germ cell tumor: a clinical and molecular analysis. 
  • Vascular endothelial growth factor impairs the functional ability of dendritic cells through Id pathways. 
  • Vitamin D receptors repress basal transcription and exert dominant negative activity on triiodothyronine-mediated transcriptional activity. 
  • WT1 and DAX-1 inhibit aromatase P450 expression in human endometrial and endometriotic stromal cells. 
  • WT1 and DAX-1 regulate SF-1-mediated human P450arom gene expression in gonadal cells. 
  • Yeast Cdc42 functions at a late step in exocytosis, specifically during polarized growth of the emerging bud. 
  • c-Myc creates an activation loop by transcriptionally repressing its own functional inhibitor, hMad4, in young fibroblasts, a loop lost in replicatively senescent fibroblasts. 
  • c-Myc represses FOXO3a-mediated transcription of the gene encoding the p27(Kip1) cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor. 
  • cAMP-response element modulator tau is a positive regulator of testis angiotensin converting enzyme transcription. 
  • cis-acting DNA from fission yeast centromeres mediates histone H3 methylation and recruitment of silencing factors and cohesin to an ectopic site. 
  • hnRNP H and hnRNP F complex with Fox2 to silence fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 exon IIIc. 
  • miR-27b shapes the presynaptic transcriptome and influences neurotransmission by silencing the polycomb group protein Bmi1. 
  • microRNA-214 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis in lung adenocarcinoma by targeting the suppressor-of-fused protein (Sufu). 
  • p53-dependent G1 arrest involves pRB-related proteins and is disrupted by the human papillomavirus 16 E7 oncoprotein. 
• 

  Keywords of People

  • Bejsovec, Amy, Associate Professor of Biology, Biology
  • Berchuck, Andrew, James M. Ingram Distinguished Professor of Gynecologic Oncology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gynecologic Oncology
  • Hogan, Brigid L. M., George Barth Geller Distinguished Professor for Research in Molecular Biology, Cell Biology
  • Krangel, Michael S., George Barth Geller Distinguished Professor of Immunology, Immunology
  • McDonnell, Donald Patrick, Glaxo-Wellcome Distinguished Professor of Molecular Cancer Biology, in the School of Medicine, Duke Innovation & Entrepreneurship
  • McLendon, Roger Edwin, Professor of Pathology, Pathology
  • Yan, Hai, Henry S. Friedman Distinguished Professor of Neuro-Oncology in the School of Medicine, Pathology