Research Design

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  Subject Areas on Research

  • "It's medically proven!": Assessing the dissemination of religion and health research. 
  • "Opinions differ significantly": Early experiences with meta-analysis and the people who made it possible. 
  • #EBUSTwitter: Novel Use of Social Media for Conception, Coordination, and Completion of an International, Multicenter Pathology Study. 
  • 2013 ACCF/AHA key data elements and definitions for measuring the clinical management and outcomes of patients with acute coronary syndromes and coronary artery disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Data Standards (Writing Committee to Develop Acute Coronary Syndromes and Coronary Artery Disease Clinical Data Standards). 
  • 2014 ACC/AHA Key Data Elements and Definitions for Cardiovascular Endpoint Events in Clinical Trials: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Data Standards (Writing Committee to Develop Cardiovascular Endpoints Data Standards). 
  • 2017 Version of LI-RADS for CT and MR Imaging: An Update. 
  • 7 questions to ask when evaluating a noninferiority trial. 
  • A Bayesian approach to subgroup identification. 
  • A Bayesian method for synthesizing evidence. The Confidence Profile Method. 
  • A Coaching by Telephone Intervention for Veterans and Care Team Engagement (ACTIVATE): A study protocol for a Hybrid Type I effectiveness-implementation randomized controlled trial. 
  • A Crossover Design for Comparative Efficacy: A 36-Week Randomized Trial of Bevacizumab and Ranibizumab for Diabetic Macular Edema. 
  • A Guide to Measuring and Interpreting Attribute Importance. 
  • A Guide to Reproducibility in Preclinical Research. 
  • A Meta-Analytic Review of Hypodescent Patterns in Categorizing Multiracial and Racially Ambiguous Targets. 
  • A Multilevel Approach to Stakeholder Engagement in the Formulation of a Clinical Data Research Network. 
  • A Novel Method to Estimate Long-Term Chronological Changes From Fragmented Observations in Disease Progression. 
  • A Primer for Managed Care Residents: How to Conduct Research Using Live Medical and Pharmacy Claims Data. 
  • A Prospective Longitudinal Study of Caregivers of Community Dwelling Persons with Severe Dementia (PISCES): Study Protocol. 
  • A Protocol to Assess Feasibility, Acceptability, and Usability of Mobile Technology for Symptom Management in Pediatric Transplant Patients. 
  • A Public Health Strategy for the Opioid Crisis. 
  • A Systematic Review of Discrete Choice Experiments and Conjoint Analysis on Genetic Testing. 
  • A Visual Tool to Help Develop a Statistical Analysis Plan for Randomized Trials in Palliative Care. 
  • A call for a global 'bigger' data approach to Alzheimer disease. 
  • A call for fuller reporting of toxicity test data 
  • A combined pulmonary-radiology workshop for visual evaluation of COPD: study design, chest CT findings and concordance with quantitative evaluation. 
  • A comparison of dabigatran etexilate with warfarin in patients with mechanical heart valves: THE Randomized, phase II study to evaluate the safety and pharmacokinetics of oral dabigatran etexilate in patients after heart valve replacement (RE-ALIGN). 
  • A comparison of dermatologists' and primary care physicians' accuracy in diagnosing melanoma: a systematic review. 
  • A comparison of randomized concurrent control groups with matched historical control groups: are historical controls valid? 
  • A computer assisted method for nuclear cataract grading from slit-lamp images using ranking. 
  • A cost analysis of the impact of a new intravenous antihypertensive in managing perioperative blood pressure during cardiac surgery. 
  • A counterview on data quality and the systematic review process for occupational injury interventions: are we missing the forest for the trees? 
  • A critical assessment of the quality of reporting of randomized, controlled trials in the urology literature. 
  • A cross-sectional analysis of HIV and hepatitis C clinical trials 2007 to 2010: the relationship between industry sponsorship and randomized study design. 
  • A decade of reversal: an analysis of 146 contradicted medical practices. 
  • A design alternative for two-stage, phase II, multicenter cancer clinical trials. 
  • A dialectical behavior therapy skills intervention for women with suicidal behaviors in rural Nepal: A single-case experimental design series. 
  • A distributed research network model for post-marketing safety studies: the Meningococcal Vaccine Study. 
  • A divide-and-conquer method for sparse risk prediction and evaluation. 
  • A framework for widespread replication of a highly spatially resolved childhood lead exposure risk model. 
  • A general formulation for a one-sided group sequential design. 
  • A general method for calculating power for GEE analysis of complete and incomplete stepped wedge cluster randomized trials. 
  • A global logrank test for adaptive treatment strategies based on observational studies. 
  • A global rank end point for clinical trials in acute heart failure. 
  • A guide for performing germ cell mutagenesis assays using Drosophila melanogaster. 
  • A hybrid Bayesian adaptive design for dose response trials. 
  • A longitudinal study of the impact of chronic psychological stress on health-related quality of life and clinical biomarkers: Protocol for the Australian Healthy Aging of Women Study 
  • A marginalized two-part model with heterogeneous variance for semicontinuous data. 
  • A multi-site randomized clinical trial to reduce suicidal ideation in suicidal adult outpatients with Major Depressive Disorder: Development of a methodology to enhance safety. 
  • A multicenter randomised, 1-year comparative effectiveness, parallel-group trial protocol of a physical therapy approach compared to corticosteroid injection on pain and function related to knee osteoarthritis (PTA Trial). 
  • A new design for randomized trials. 
  • A new trial design to accelerate tuberculosis drug development: the Phase IIC Selection Trial with Extended Post-treatment follow-up (STEP). 
  • A note on sample size calculation based on propensity analysis in nonrandomized trials. 
  • A note on sample size calculation for mean comparisons based on noncentral t-statistics. 
  • A note on special articles on adaptive clinical trial designs. 
  • A novel test to compare two treatments based on endpoints involving both nonfatal and fatal events. 
  • A panel assessment of glaucoma management: modification of existing RAND-like methodology for consensus in ophthalmology. Part I: Methodology and design. 
  • A phase II trial for minimally invasive esophagectomy. 
  • A population study of clinical trial accrual for women and minorities in neuro-oncology following the NIH Revitalization Act. 
  • A problem-solving intervention for cardiovascular disease risk reduction in veterans: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial. 
  • A proposal for a coordinated effort for the determination of brainwide neuroanatomical connectivity in model organisms at a mesoscopic scale. 
  • A proposed approach may help systematic reviews retain needed expertise while minimizing bias from nonfinancial conflicts of interest. 
  • A protocol to evaluate the efficacy, perceptions, and cost of a cholesterol packaging approach to improve medication adherence. 
  • A quantitatively controlled method to study prospectively interstitial cystitis and demonstrate the efficacy of pentosanpolysulfate. 
  • A randomized study would answer the question. 
  • A randomized trial of colpopexy and urinary reduction efforts (CARE): design and methods. 
  • A randomized trial of diet in men with early stage prostate cancer on active surveillance: rationale and design of the Men's Eating and Living (MEAL) Study (CALGB 70807 [Alliance]). 
  • A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter study to evaluate the cardioprotective effects of MC-1 in patients undergoing high-risk coronary artery bypass graft surgery: MC-1 to Eliminate Necrosis and Damage in Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery Trial (MEND-CABG) II--study design and rationale. 
  • A rationale for conducting parallel mechanistic studies in clinical trials of pharmacotherapy. 
  • A reasonably large review of operationalization in child maltreatment research: Assessment approaches and sources of information in youth samples. 
  • A repeated measures model for analysis of continuous outcomes in sequential parallel comparison design studies. 
  • A research agenda to support the development and implementation of genomics-based clinical informatics tools and resources. 
  • A response adaptive randomization platform trial for efficient evaluation of Ebola virus treatments: A model for pandemic response. 
  • A review of measurement practice in studies of clinical decision support systems 1998-2017. 
  • A review of racial differences in geriatric depression: implications for care and clinical research. 
  • A rose by any other name is still a rose: assessing journal quality 
  • A scoping review on the nurse scientist role within healthcare systems. 
  • A simulation based technique to estimate intracluster correlation for a binary variable. 
  • A structured review of randomized controlled trials of weight loss showed little improvement in health-related quality of life. 
  • A study design to assess the safety and efficacy of on-pump versus off-pump coronary bypass grafting: the ROOBY trial. 
  • A suggested research agenda on treatment-outcome research for female victims of violence. 
  • A survey of national and multi-national registries and cohort studies in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: challenges and opportunities. 
  • A systematic review and consensus definitions for standardised end-points in perioperative medicine: pulmonary complications. 
  • A systematic review of research on religion in four major psychiatric journals: 1991-1995. 
  • A systematic review of treatments for refractory depression in older people. 
  • A tale of two trials: a comparison of the post-acute coronary syndrome lipid-lowering trials A to Z and PROVE IT-TIMI 22. 
  • A telephonic mindfulness-based intervention for persons with sickle cell disease: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. 
  • A tutorial on Bayesian multi-model linear regression with BAS and JASP. 
  • AHRQ series on complex intervention systematic reviews-paper 5: advanced analytic methods. 
  • AMBITION-cm: intermittent high dose AmBisome on a high dose fluconazole backbone for cryptococcal meningitis induction therapy in sub-Saharan Africa: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. 
  • ATTRACT. 
  • Abstinence Reinforcement Therapy (ART) for rural veterans: Methodology for an mHealth smoking cessation intervention. 
  • Accounting for Preference Heterogeneity in Discrete-Choice Experiments: An ISPOR Special Interest Group Report. 
  • Accounting for linkage in family-based tests of association with missing parental genotypes. 
  • Accounting for quality improvement during the conduct of embedded pragmatic clinical trials within healthcare systems: NIH Collaboratory case studies. 
  • Achieving sufficient accrual to address the primary endpoint in phase III clinical trials from U.S. Cooperative Oncology Groups. 
  • Achieving the Full "PROMISE" of Imaging Outcomes Research. 
  • Acute Catheterization and Urgent Intervention Triage strategY (ACUITY) trial: study design and rationale. 
  • Acute ischemic heart disease. 
  • Acute response and chronic adaptation to exercise in women. 
  • Adaptation and Implementation of a Family Caregiver Skills Training Program: From Single Site RCT to Multisite Pragmatic Intervention. 
  • Adapting clinical trial design to maintain meaningful outcomes during a multicenter asthma trial in the precision medicine era. 
  • Adaptive Designs for Clinical Trials: Application to Healthcare Epidemiology Research. 
  • Adaptive Global Innovative Learning Environment for Glioblastoma: GBM AGILE. 
  • Adaptive Platform Trials to Transform Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Therapy Development. 
  • Adaptive clinical trial design. 
  • Adaptive design in clinical research: issues, opportunities, and recommendations. 
  • Adaptive design methods in clinical trials - a review. 
  • Adaptive group sequential test for clinical trials with changing patient population. 
  • Adaptive trial designs for spinal cord injury clinical trials directed to the central nervous system. 
  • Addressing guideline and policy changes during pragmatic clinical trials. 
  • Addressing the unit of analysis in medical care studies: a systematic review. 
  • Adherence-adjustment in placebo-controlled randomized trials: An application to the candesartan in heart failure randomized trial. 
  • Adjudicating Mild Cognitive Impairment Due to Alzheimer's Disease as a Novel Endpoint Event in the TOMMORROW Prevention Clinical Trial. 
  • Administrative data and long-term trends in child maltreatment: the prospects and pitfalls. 
  • Admissible two-stage designs for phase II cancer clinical trials. 
  • Adult asthma disease management: an analysis of studies, approaches, outcomes, and methods. 
  • Advances in data analytic methods for evaluating treatment outcome and mechanisms of change: introduction to the special issue. 
  • Advancing Diagnostics to Address Antibacterial Resistance: The Diagnostics and Devices Committee of the Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group. 
  • Advantages of Bayesian monitoring methods in deciding whether and when to stop a clinical trial: an example of a neonatal cooling trial. 
  • Adverse outcome pathways during early fish development: a conceptual framework for identification of chemical screening and prioritization strategies. 
  • Age validation of Han Chinese centenarians. 
  • Age-related characteristics of depression: a preliminary STAR*D report. 
  • Aggressive hydraTion in patients with ST-Elevation Myocardial infarction undergoing Primary percutaneous coronary intervention to prevenT contrast-induced nephropathy (ATTEMPT): Study design and protocol for the randomized, controlled trial, the ATTEMPT, RESCIND 1 (First study for REduction of contraSt-induCed nephropathy followINg carDiac catheterization) trial. 
  • Alopecia areata investigational assessment guidelines. National Alopecia Areata Foundation. 
  • Alternate analysis strategies for retrospective assessment of outcomes with a male donor-only plasma policy. 
  • Alternate statistical tools and limitations in genetic marker association studies in single-arm drug cancer trials. 
  • Alternative approaches to research in physical therapy: positivism and phenomenology. 
  • Alternative pay-for-performance scoring methods: implications for quality improvement and patient outcomes. 
  • An Introduction to Research Work, Scholarship, and Paving a Way to a Career in Academic Medicine. 
  • An additional recommendation on reporting depression [comment] 
  • An evaluation of constrained randomization for the design and analysis of group-randomized trials with binary outcomes. 
  • An evaluation of constrained randomization for the design and analysis of group-randomized trials. 
  • An expert-driven literature review of "negative" chemicals for developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) in vitro assay evaluation. 
  • An exploratory analysis of the impact of family functioning on treatment for depression in adolescents. 
  • An extension of the sign test for replicated measurements. 
  • An improved method for bivariate meta-analysis when within-study correlations are unknown. 
  • An international systematic mapping review of fieldwork education in occupational therapy. 
  • An introduction to a Bayesian method for meta-analysis: The confidence profile method. 
  • An observation unit may help improve an institution's Press Ganey satisfaction score. 
  • An opportunity to refine our understanding of "response shift" and to educate researchers on designing quality research studies: response to Ubel, Peeters, and Smith. 
  • An overview of the clinical rationale for advancing gender-related psychopharmacology and drug abuse research. 
  • An overview of variance inflation factors for sample-size calculation. 
  • An update on the IMProved reduction of outcomes: Vytorin Efficacy International Trial (IMPROVE-IT) design. 
  • Anaemia of CKD--the CHOIR study revisited. 
  • Analysis of Common Eligibility Criteria of Randomized Controlled Trials in Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma Patients and Extrapolating Outcomes. 
  • Analysis of clinical data with breached blindness. 
  • Analysis of combined data from heterogeneous study designs: an applied example from the patient navigation research program. 
  • Analysis of sequential treatment protocols for endometriosis-associated infertility. 
  • Analysis strategies for adaptive designs with multiple endpoints. 
  • Analyzing phase III studies in hospice/palliative care. a solution that sits between intention-to-treat and per protocol analyses: the palliative-modified ITT analysis. 
  • Anesthetic neuroprotection: antecedents and an appraisal of preclinical and clinical data quality. 
  • Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers for treatment of ischemic heart disease: Future research needs prioritization. 
  • Anterior cruciate ligament revision reconstruction: two-year results from the MOON cohort. 
  • Anticonvulsants for behavioral and psychological symptoms in dementia: protocol for a systematic review. 
  • Antidepressant pharmacotherapy in the treatment of depression in the very old: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. 
  • Antimicrobial stewardship: a matter of process or outcome? 
  • Antiplatelet therapy with aspirin, clopidogrel, and dipyridamole versus clopidogrel alone or aspirin and dipyridamole in patients with acute cerebral ischaemia (TARDIS): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 superiority trial. 
  • Antithrombotic drug development for atrial fibrillation: proceedings, Washington, DC, July 25-27, 2005. 
  • Apixaban for reduction in stroke and other ThromboemboLic events in atrial fibrillation (ARISTOTLE) trial: design and rationale. 
  • Apolipoprotein E and neuromuscular disease: a critical review of the literature. 
  • Application of Heterogeneity of Treatment-Effects Methods: Exploratory Analyses of a Trial of Exercise-Based Interventions for Knee Osteoarthritis. 
  • Application of a new multinomial phase II stopping rule using response and early progression. 
  • Application of a sequential multiple assignment randomized trial (SMART) design in older patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. 
  • Application of antimicrobial stewardship to optimise management of community acquired pneumonia. 
  • Application of combined omics platforms to accelerate biomedical discovery in diabesity. 
  • Applying patient-reported outcome methodology to capture patient-reported health data: Report from an NIH Collaboratory roundtable. 
  • Applying the PRECIS criteria to describe three effectiveness trials of weight loss in obese patients with comorbid conditions. 
  • Approach for reporting master protocol study designs on ClinicalTrials.gov: qualitative analysis. 
  • Approaches for informing optimal dose of behavioral interventions. 
  • Approaches to gathering evidence for educational practices in nursing. 
  • Approaching a consensus cognitive battery for clinical trials in schizophrenia: the NIMH-MATRICS conference to select cognitive domains and test criteria. 
  • Are Efficient Designs Used in Discrete Choice Experiments Too Difficult for Some Respondents? A Case Study Eliciting Preferences for End-of-Life Care. 
  • Are current clinical trials in diabetes addressing important issues in diabetes care? 
  • Are fluoxetine plasma levels related to outcome in obsessive-compulsive disorder? 
  • Are we victims of our own success in cardiovascular therapeutics? 
  • Asian age-related macular degeneration phenotyping study: rationale, design and protocol of a prospective cohort study. 
  • Aspirin for the chemoprevention of colorectal adenomas: meta-analysis of the randomized trials. 
  • Aspirin for the prevention of cognitive decline in the elderly: rationale and design of a neuro-vascular imaging study (ENVIS-ion). 
  • Assessing applicability when comparing medical interventions: AHRQ and the Effective Health Care Program. 
  • Assessing bioequivalence and drug interchangeability. 
  • Assessing changes in the quality of quantitative health educations research: a perspective from communities of practice. 
  • Assessing departments of family medicine. 
  • Assessing departure from dose linearity under a repeated measures incomplete block design. 
  • Assessing exertional dyspnea in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. 
  • Assessing heterogeneity of treatment effect analyses in health-related cluster randomized trials: A systematic review. 
  • Assessing sensitivity and similarity in bridging studies. 
  • Assessing the clinical effectiveness of preventive maneuvers: analytic principles and systematic methods in reviewing evidence and developing clinical practice recommendations. A report by the Canadian Task Force on the Periodic Health Examination. 
  • Assessing the effect of Measurement-Based Care depression treatment on HIV medication adherence and health outcomes: rationale and design of the SLAM DUNC Study. 
  • Assessment of Pexelizumab in Acute Myocardial Infarction (APEX AMI): a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled study of pexelizumab in patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention. 
  • Assessment of bioequivalence using a multiplicative model. 
  • Assessment of pain in herpes zoster: lessons learned from antiviral trials. 
  • Assessment of the Perceived Acceptability of an Early Enrollment Strategy Using Advance Consent in Health Care-Associated Pneumonia. 
  • Association Between a Prolonged PR Interval and Outcomes of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy: A Report From the National Cardiovascular Data Registry. 
  • Association between the Medicare Modernization Act of 2003 and patient wait times and travel distance for chemotherapy. 
  • Association of a cancer diagnosis with vulnerability and frailty in older Medicare beneficiaries. 
  • Association of military life experiences and health indicators among military spouses. 
  • Associations between published quality ratings of skilled nursing facilities and outcomes of medicare beneficiaries with heart failure. 
  • Associations, populations, and the truth: recommendations for genetic association studies in Arthritis & Rheumatism. 
  • Atrial fibrillation and acute myocardial infarction: antithrombotic therapy and outcomes. 
  • Attribute dimensions that distinguish master and novice physical therapy clinicians in orthopedic settings. 
  • Attributions and depression: why is the literature so inconsistent? 
  • Back to the future: building on the past 
  • Banff 2011 Meeting report: new concepts in antibody-mediated rejection. 
  • Baseline Parameters in Clinical Trials for Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis: Recommendations From the Liver Forum. 
  • Baseline Visual Field Findings in the RUSH2A Study: Associated Factors and Correlation With Other Measures of Disease Severity. 
  • Bayesian data analysis in observational comparative effectiveness research: rationale and examples. 
  • Bayesian inference in two-phase prevalence studies. 
  • Behavioral headache treatment: history, review of the empirical literature, and methodological critique. 
  • Benefits, challenges and obstacles of adaptive clinical trial designs. 
  • Best (but oft-forgotten) practices: sample size and power calculation for a dietary intervention trial with episodically consumed foods. 
  • Better reporting, better research: guidelines and guidance in PLoS Medicine. 
  • Between Scylla and Charybdis: The choice of inotropic agent for decompensated heart failure. 
  • Between-arm comparisons in randomized Phase II trials. 
  • Bevacizumab for retinopathy of prematurity. 
  • Bevacizumab in colorectal cancer. 
  • Biological and clinical aspects of hyperthermia in cancer therapy. 
  • Biological, clinical, and psychosocial correlates at the interface of cancer and aging research. 
  • Biomarker science: direction for the scientific community. 
  • Biomarkers and correlative endpoints for immunotherapy trials. 
  • Biopsychosocial influence on shoulder pain: Rationale and protocol for a pre-clinical trial. 
  • Bladder diary measurements in asymptomatic males: frequency, volume per void, and 24-hr volume. 
  • Blending Quality Improvement and Research Methods for Implementation Science, Part I: Design and Data Collection. 
  • Blending Quality Improvement and Research Methods for Implementation Science, Part II: Analysis of the Quality of Implementation. 
  • Blending Quality Improvement and Research Methods for Implementation Science, Part III: Analysis of the Effectiveness of Implementation. 
  • Blood pressure effects of vitamin C: what's the key question? 
  • Body weight and outcome of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. 
  • Borderline personality disorder and emotional responding: a review of the research literature. 
  • Breast cancer screening for women ages 50 to 69 years a systematic review of observational evidence. 
  • Bridging studies in clinical development. 
  • Bronchiolitis. 
  • Building capacity and competency in conducting health disparities research. 
  • CAMERA2 - combination antibiotic therapy for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. 
  • COMParative Early Treatment Effectiveness between physical therapy and usual care for low back pain (COMPETE): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. 
  • COVID-19 interventional trials: Analysis of data sharing intentions during a time of pandemic. 
  • COVID-19 trials: declarations of data sharing intentions at trial registration and at publication. 
  • Can Electronic Health Records Validly Estimate the Effects of Health System Interventions Aimed at Controlling Body Weight? 
  • Can a nonequivalent choice of dosing regimen bias the results of flexible dose double blind trials? The CATIE schizophrenia trial. 
  • Can caregivers report their care recipients' post-stroke hospitalizations and outpatient visits accurately? Findings of an Asian prospective stroke cohort. 
  • Can complementary medicine be evidence-based? 
  • Can continuous quality improvement be assessed using randomized trials? [see comment]. 
  • Can state and trait variables be disentangled? A methodological framework for psychiatric disorders. 
  • Can underpowered clinical trials be justified? 
  • Can we eliminate placebo in ALS clinical trials? 
  • Canadian study of health and aging: study methods and prevalence of dementia. 
  • Candesartan in heart failure--assessment of reduction in mortality and morbidity (CHARM): rationale and design. Charm-Programme Investigators. 
  • Carbon monoxide poisoning: interpretation of randomized clinical trials and unresolved treatment issues. 
  • Cardiac resynchronization therapy in chronic heart failure with moderately reduced left ventricular ejection fraction: Lessons from the Multicenter InSync Randomized Clinical Evaluation MIRACLE EF study. 
  • Cardiovascular Metabolomics. 
  • Cardiovascular reactivity assessment: effects of choice of difficulty on laboratory task responses. 
  • Care Optimization Through Patient and Hospital Engagement Clinical Trial for Heart Failure: Rationale and design of CONNECT-HF. 
  • Caregiver-assisted coping skills training for patients with COPD: background, design, and methodological issues for the INSPIRE-II study. 
  • Caregiver-guided pain coping skills training for patients with advanced cancer: Background, design, and challenges for the CaringPals study. 
  • Case study research: the view from complexity science. 
  • Categorical data analysis in primary care research: log-linear models. 
  • Caveat emptor: the combined effects of multiplicity and selective reporting. 
  • Central Adjudication Identified Additional and Prognostically Important Myocardial Infarctions in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. 
  • Challenges in Peripheral Artery Disease Clinical Trial Implementation and Design. 
  • Challenges in Preparation of Cumulative Antibiogram Reports for Community Hospitals. 
  • Challenges in enrollment of minority, pediatric, and geriatric patients in emergency and acute care clinical research. 
  • Challenges to accrual predictions to phase III cancer clinical trials: a survey of study chairs and lead statisticians of 248 NCI-sponsored trials. 
  • Challenges with Novel Clinical Trial Designs: Master Protocols. 
  • Chapter 5: assessing risk of bias as a domain of quality in medical test studies. 
  • Characteristics of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Research Design Programs in Institutions With Clinical and Translational Science Awards. 
  • Characteristics of Clinical Studies Used for US Food and Drug Administration Supplemental Indication Approvals of Drugs and Biologics, 2017 to 2019. 
  • Characteristics of clinical trials registered in ClinicalTrials.gov, 2007-2010. 
  • Characteristics of cluster randomized trials: are they living up to the randomized trial? 
  • Characteristics of depression remission and its relation with cardiovascular outcome among patients with chronic heart failure (from the SADHART-CHF Study). 
  • Characteristics of schizophrenic and depressed patients excluded from clinical research. 
  • Charting a path forward for clinical research in artificial intelligence and gastroenterology. 
  • Charting a roadmap for heart failure biomarker studies. 
  • Chinese Stroke Center Alliance: a national effort to improve healthcare quality for acute stroke and transient ischaemic attack: rationale, design and preliminary findings. 
  • Chiropractic Integrated Care Pathway for Low Back Pain in Veterans: Results of a Delphi Consensus Process. 
  • Choice Experiments to Quantify Preferences for Health and Healthcare: State of the Practice. 
  • Choosing Estimands in Clinical Trials: Putting the ICH E9(R1) Into Practice. 
  • Chronic Stroke Outcome Measures for Motor Function Intervention Trials: Expert Panel Recommendations. 
  • Chronic pain in later life women: issues and challenges from the research literature. 
  • Chronic stress and adaptation. 
  • Citation analysis of the maternal/child nursing literature. 
  • Citizen Science as a New Tool in Dog Cognition Research 
  • Clarifying selection bias in cluster randomized trials. 
  • Clinical Trial Design Principles and Endpoint Definitions for Transcatheter Mitral Valve Repair and Replacement: Part 1: Clinical Trial Design Principles: A Consensus Document From the Mitral Valve Academic Research Consortium. 
  • Clinical Utility of SMBG: Recommendations on the Use and Reporting of SMBG in Clinical Research. 
  • Clinical and regulatory landscape for cardiogenic shock: A report from the Cardiac Safety Research Consortium ThinkTank on cardiogenic shock. 
  • Clinical and translational science awards and community engagement: now is the time to mainstream prevention into the nation's health research agenda. 
  • Clinical characteristics and referral pattern of patients with left ventricular dysfunction and significant coronary artery disease undergoing radionuclide imaging. 
  • Clinical characteristics useful in screening for renovascular disease. 
  • Clinical data bases. Accomplishments and unrealized potential. 
  • Clinical end points and response criteria in mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome: a consensus statement of the International Society for Cutaneous Lymphomas, the United States Cutaneous Lymphoma Consortium, and the Cutaneous Lymphoma Task Force of the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer. 
  • Clinical judgment and therapeutic decision making. 
  • Clinical nursing research: you can do it! 
  • Clinical presentation of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in preschool children: the Preschoolers with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Treatment Study (PATS). 
  • Clinical research and statistical methods in the urology literature. 
  • Clinical studies of angiogenesis inhibitors: the University of Texas MD Anderson Center Trial of Human Endostatin. 
  • Clinical trial design in neonatal pharmacology: effect of center differences, with lessons from the Pediatric Oncology Cooperative Research experience. 
  • Clinical trial recruitment challenges with older adults with cancer. 
  • Clinical trial registration in physical therapy journals: Recommendations from the International Society of Physiotherapy Journal Editors. 
  • Clinical trial registration in physiotherapy journals: recommendations from the International Society of Physiotherapy Journal Editors. 
  • Clinical trial testing in-home multidisciplinary care management for older adults with cognitive vulnerability: Rationale and study design. 
  • Clinical trials data collection: when less is more. 
  • Clinical trials in acute myocardial infarction: should we adjust for baseline characteristics? 
  • Clinical trials in children with Down syndrome: issues from a cognitive research perspective. 
  • Clinical trials in hospitalized heart failure patients: targeting interventions to optimal phenotypic subpopulations. 
  • Clinical trials in peripheral vascular disease: pipeline and trial designs: an evaluation of the ClinicalTrials.gov database. 
  • Clinical trials of pharmacological therapies in acute heart failure syndromes: lessons learned and directions forward. 
  • Clinical trials treating focal segmental glomerulosclerosis should measure patient quality of life. 
  • Clinical trials. How should they be designed? 
  • Clinical trials:randomization before consent. 
  • Clinician engagement in the ADAPTABLE (Aspirin Dosing: A Patient-centric Trial Assessing Benefits and Long-Term Effectiveness) trial. 
  • Cognitive behavioral treatment for young children with obsessive-compulsive disorder. 
  • Cohort profile for the Nurture Observational Study examining associations of multiple caregivers on infant growth in the Southeastern USA. 
  • Colchicine effectiveness in symptom and inflammation modification in knee osteoarthritis (COLKOA): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. 
  • Collaborative Molecular Epidemiology Study of Metabolic Dysregulation, DNA Methylation, and Breast Cancer Risk Among Nigerian Women: MEND Study Objectives and Design. 
  • Combining multiple features for error detection and its application in brain-computer interface. 
  • Comment on 'A PAX6 gene polymorphism is associated with genetic predisposition to extreme myopia'. 
  • Commentary on "Health care organizations as complex systems: new perspectives on design and management" by Reuben R. McDaniel, Dean J. Driebe, and Holly Jordan Lanham. 
  • Commentary: rectal cancer an evolution of treatment. 
  • Commentary: sickle cell disease. 
  • Comments on 'Cytogenetic effects in children treated with methylphenidate' by El-Zein et al. 
  • Comments on 'Estimands in clinical trials - broadening the perspective'. 
  • Comments on the FDA draft guidance on biosimilar products. 
  • Committee on High-quality Alzheimer's Disease Studies (CHADS) consensus report. 
  • Common design elements of the Girls health Enrichment Multi-site Studies (GEMS). 
  • Common methodological terms in health services research and their synonyms [correction of symptoms]. 
  • Common scientific and statistical errors in obesity research. 
  • Communicating health information and improving coordination with primary care (CHIIP): Rationale and design of a randomized cardiovascular health promotion trial for adult survivors of childhood cancer. 
  • Community impact of anticoagulation services: rationale and design of the Managing Anticoagulation Services Trial (MAST). 
  • Community-based voluntary counseling and testing services in rural communities of Chiang Mai Province, Northern Thailand. 
  • Comparative Effectiveness Trials of Imaging-Guided Strategies in Stable Ischemic Heart Disease. 
  • Comparative effectiveness clinical trials to advance treatment of myasthenia gravis. 
  • Comparative effectiveness research in lung diseases and sleep disorders: recommendations from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute workshop. 
  • Comparing focused ultrasound and uterine artery embolization for uterine fibroids-rationale and design of the Fibroid Interventions: reducing symptoms today and tomorrow (FIRSTT) trial. 
  • Comparing the effectiveness of selective laser trabeculoplasty with topical medication as initial treatment (the Glaucoma Initial Treatment Study): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. 
  • Comparison of LCD and CRT displays based on efficacy for digital mammography. 
  • Comparison of Perioperative Outcomes Between Retroperitoneal Single-Port and Multiport Robot-Assisted Partial Nephrectomies. 
  • Comparison of composite measure methodologies for rewarding quality of care: an analysis from the American Heart Association's Get With The Guidelines program. 
  • Comparison of futility monitoring guidelines using completed phase III oncology trials. 
  • Comparison of methods for analyzing longitudinal binary outcomes: cognitive status as an example. 
  • Comparison of one-year outcomes...ESPRIT. Enhanced Suppression of the Platelet IIb/IIIa Receptor With Integrilin Therapy. 
  • Competing risk analysis in a large cardiovascular clinical trial: An APEX substudy. 
  • Completeness of reporting and risks of overstating impact in cluster randomised trials: a systematic review. 
  • Compliance and noncompliance in cancer patients. 
  • Composite End Points in Acute Heart Failure Research: Data Simulations Illustrate the Limitations. 
  • Comprehensive versus matched psychosocial treatment in the MTA study: conceptual and empirical issues. 
  • Conceptual and methodological issues in designing a randomized, controlled treatment trial for geriatric bipolar disorder: GERI-BD. 
  • Conceptual and relational advances of the PARIHS and i-PARIHS frameworks over the last decade: a critical interpretive synthesis. 
  • Conceptualization and rationale for consensus definitions of terms in major depressive disorder. Remission, recovery, relapse, and recurrence. 
  • Conclusions inconsistent with results with amphetamines and divalproex. 
  • Concomitant use of a positive inotropic agent to create a bridge to the successful initiation of beta-blocker therapy in patients with heart failure: a proposal for a trial. 
  • Conduct of multisite clinical studies by professional organizations 
  • Conducting clinical trials in heart failure during (and after) the COVID-19 pandemic: an Expert Consensus Position Paper from the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). 
  • Conducting economic evaluations alongside multinational clinical trials: toward a research consensus. 
  • Conducting empirical research on informed consent: challenges and questions 
  • Conducting multisite research studies in nursing education: brief practice of CPR skills as an exemplar. 
  • Conducting research in psoriatic arthritis: the emerging role of patient research partners. 
  • Conducting research with racial/ethnic minorities: methodological lessons from the NIDA Clinical Trials Network. 
  • Confirmatory factor analysis: an introduction for psychosomatic medicine researchers. 
  • Conflict of interest disclosure in off-label oncology clinical trials. 
  • Congenital Uterine Malformation by Experts (CUME): diagnostic criteria for T-shaped uterus. 
  • Conjoint analysis applications in health--a checklist: a report of the ISPOR Good Research Practices for Conjoint Analysis Task Force. 
  • Conscientiousness in life course context: a commentary. 
  • Consensus guidelines on plasma cell myeloma minimal residual disease analysis and reporting. 
  • Consensus on postnatal deficits: comparability of human and animal findings. 
  • Considerations for Clinical Trials of Staphylococcus aureus Bloodstream Infection in Adults. 
  • Considering patient diet preference to optimize weight loss: design considerations of a randomized trial investigating the impact of choice. 
  • Consistency between trials presented at conferences, their subsequent publications and press releases. 
  • Constrained randomization and statistical inference for multi-arm parallel cluster randomized controlled trials. 
  • Constraint-Induced Aphasia Therapy for Treatment of Chronic Post-Stroke Aphasia: A Randomized, Blinded, Controlled Pilot Trial. 
  • Constructing experimental designs for discrete-choice experiments: report of the ISPOR Conjoint Analysis Experimental Design Good Research Practices Task Force. 
  • Construction and Use of Body Weight Measures from Administrative Data in a Large National Health System: A Systematic Review. 
  • Construction of low-variability litters of preweaning mice. 
  • Contemporary trends in global mortality of sepsis among young infants less than 90 days old: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. 
  • Control Outcomes and Exposures for Improving Internal Validity of Nonrandomized Studies. 
  • Control arms in exercise training studies: transitioning from an era of intervention efficacy to one of comparative clinical effectiveness research. 
  • Controversies in acupuncture research: selection of controls and outcome measures in acupuncture clinical trials. 
  • Conversation in cardiology: Is there a need for clinical trials for the nonhyperemic pressure ratios? 
  • Cooperative studies in health services research in the Department of Veterans Affairs. 
  • Coordinated series of studies to evaluate characteristics and mechanisms of acute coronary syndromes in high-risk patients randomly assigned to enoxaparin or unfractionated heparin: design and rationale of the SYNERGY Library. 
  • Coping effectively with heart failure (COPE-HF): design and rationale of a telephone-based coping skills intervention. 
  • Cord Blood Connect: The International Congress for Cord Blood and Perinatal Tissue Research 2020. 
  • Core outcome measures for clinical effectiveness trials of nutritional and metabolic interventions in critical illness: an international modified Delphi consensus study evaluation (CONCISE). 
  • Core outcomes set for research on the treatment of opioid use disorder (COS-OUD): the National Institute on Drug Abuse Clinical Trials Network protocol for an e-Delphi consensus study. 
  • Coronary artery bypass surgery compared with percutaneous coronary interventions for multivessel disease: a collaborative analysis of individual patient data from ten randomised trials. 
  • Coronary heart disease in black Americans: suggestions for research on psychosocial factors. 
  • Correlation of left ventricular diastolic filling characteristics with right ventricular overload and pulmonary artery pressure in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. 
  • Correspondence re: E. Hawk, et al., Male pattern baldness and clinical prostate cancer in the epidemiologic follow-up of the First National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Cancer Epidemiol.Biomark. Prev., 9: 523-527, 2000. 
  • Cost-effectiveness as an outcome in randomized clinical trials. 
  • Cost-effectiveness of second-generation antipsychotics and perphenazine in a randomized trial of treatment for chronic schizophrenia. 
  • Covariate adjustment in subgroup analyses of randomized clinical trials: A propensity score approach. 
  • Cranial electrostimulation for headache: meta-analysis. 
  • Craniosacral therapy for migraine: protocol development for an exploratory controlled clinical trial. 
  • Creating Clinical Research Protocols in Advanced Practice: Part I, Identifying the Fit and the Aim. 
  • Creating Clinical Research Protocols in Advanced Practice: Part II, Operational Steps to Improve Project Feasibility. 
  • Creating Clinical Research Protocols in Advanced Practice: Part III, Building Blocks of Study Design. 
  • Creating Clinical Research Protocols in Advanced Practice: Part IV, Designing Research to Fit Practice. 
  • Credibility of low-strength static magnet therapy as an attention control intervention for a randomized controlled study of CranioSacral therapy for migraine headaches. 
  • Criteria and Process for Initiating and Developing an ISPOR Good Practices Task Force Report. 
  • Critical Appraisal of Contemporary Clinical Endpoint Definitions in Coronary Intervention Trials: A Guidance Document. 
  • Critical care cardiology research: a call to action. 
  • Critical pathway for administering high-dose chemotherapy followed by peripheral blood stem cell rescue in the outpatient setting. 
  • Cross-linguistic studies of directionality in first language acquisition: the Japanese data--a response to O'Grady, Suzuki-Wei & Cho 1986. 
  • Culture and epidemiology special issue: towards an integrated study of culture and population health. 
  • Culture, status and context in community health worker pay: pitfalls and opportunities for policy research. A commentary on Glenton et al. (2010). 
  • Current concepts of Harm-Benefit Analysis of Animal Experiments - Report from the AALAS-FELASA Working Group on Harm-Benefit Analysis - Part 1. 
  • Current trends in health coaching for chronic conditions: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. 
  • DNA vaccines and immunity to herpes simplex virus. 
  • Daily process methodology for measuring earlier antidepressant response. 
  • Daniel G. Brinton's success on the road to obscurity, 1890-99. 
  • Data and safety monitoring boards: academic credit where credit is due? 
  • Data linkage in pharmacoepidemiology: A call for rigorous evaluation and reporting. 
  • Data monitoring and interim analyses in the pharmaceutical industry: ethical and logistical considerations. 
  • Data quality in the American Heart Association Get With The Guidelines-Stroke (GWTG-Stroke): results from a national data validation audit. 
  • Dataset for the reporting of carcinoma of the esophagus in resection specimens: recommendations from the International Collaboration on Cancer Reporting. 
  • Debate on late luteal phase dysphoric disorder. 
  • Decompression illness diagnosis and decompression study design. 
  • Deconvolution of event-related fMRI responses in fast-rate experimental designs: tracking amplitude variations. 
  • Defining Efficacy Estimands in Clinical Trials: Examples Illustrating ICH E9(R1) Guidelines. 
  • Defining Staged Procedures for Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Trials: A Guidance Document. 
  • Defining best supportive care. 
  • Defining heart failure end points in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction trials: integrating past experiences to chart a path forward. 
  • Defining optimal research study design for cardiovascular imaging using computed tomography angiography as a model. 
  • Demographic Imbalances Resulting From the Bring-Your-Own-Device Study Design. 
  • Depression and medical illness in late life: report of a symposium. 
  • Depression as risk factor for mortality after coronary artery bypass surgery. 
  • Depression outcome in inpatients with congestive heart failure. 
  • Deriving Real-World Insights From Real-World Data: Biostatistics to the Rescue. 
  • Design Elements and Enrollment Patterns of Contemporary Trials in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Systematic Review. 
  • Design and Analysis of Biosimilar Switching Studies. 
  • Design and Evaluation of an Interdisciplinary Health Disparities Research Curriculum. 
  • Design and Implementation of the International Genetics and Translational Research in Transplantation Network. 
  • Design and Rationale of the Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma (MaRCC) Registry: A Prospective Academic and Community-Based Study of Patients With Metastatic Renal Cell Cancer. 
  • Design and analysis of biomarker-integrated clinical trials with adaptive threshold detection and flexible patient enrichment. 
  • Design and conduct of occupational epidemiology studies: I. Design aspects of cohort studies. 
  • Design and conduct of occupational epidemiology studies: II. Analysis of cohort data. 
  • Design and conduct of occupational epidemiology studies: III. Design aspects of case-control studies. 
  • Design and conduct of occupational epidemiology studies: IV. The analysis of case-control data. 
  • Design and conduct of the CALERIE study: comprehensive assessment of the long-term effects of reducing intake of energy. 
  • Design and end points of clinical trials for patients with progressive prostate cancer and castrate levels of testosterone: recommendations of the Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials Working Group. 
  • Design and implementation of a study evaluating extinction processes to food cues in obese children: the Intervention for Regulations of Cues Trial (iROC). 
  • Design and methodology of the ESPRIT trial: evaluating a novel dosing regimen of eptifibatide in percutaneous coronary intervention. 
  • Design and methodology of the Occluded Artery Trial (OAT). 
  • Design and phenomenology of the FEBSTAT study. 
  • Design and preliminary observations of National Cooperative Diethylstilbestrol Adenosis (DESAD) Project. 
  • Design and rationale for RE-VERSE AD: A phase 3 study of idarucizumab, a specific reversal agent for dabigatran. 
  • Design and rationale for the life after stopping tyrosine kinase inhibitors (LAST) study, a prospective, single-group longitudinal study in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. 
  • Design and rationale of a multi-center, pragmatic, open-label randomized trial of antimicrobial therapy - the study of clinical efficacy of antimicrobial therapy strategy using pragmatic design in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (CleanUP-IPF) clinical trial. 
  • Design and rationale of a retrospective clinical effectiveness study of aldosterone antagonist therapy in patients with heart failure. 
  • Design and rationale of the Evaluation of M118 IN pErcutaNeous Coronary intErvention (EMINENCE) trial. 
  • Design and update of a classification system: the UCSD map of science. 
  • Design considerations and rationale of a multi-center trial to sustain weight loss: the Weight Loss Maintenance Trial. 
  • Design issues in randomized phase II/III trials. 
  • Design of FRESH START: a randomized trial of exercise and diet among cancer survivors. 
  • Design of Randomized, double-blind, Evaluation in secondary Stroke Prevention comparing the EfficaCy and safety of the oral Thrombin inhibitor dabigatran etexilate vs. acetylsalicylic acid in patients with Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source (RE-SPECT ESUS). 
  • Design of a randomized clinical trial of a colorectal cancer screening decision aid to promote appropriate screening in community-dwelling older adults. 
  • Design of aerosolized amphotericin b formulations for prophylaxis trials among lung transplant recipients. 
  • Design of the Dialysis Access Consortium (DAC) Aggrenox Prevention Of Access Stenosis Trial. 
  • Design of the Dialysis Access Consortium (DAC) Clopidogrel Prevention of Early AV Fistula Thrombosis Trial. 
  • Design of the NIDA clinical trials network validation study of tobacco, alcohol, prescription medications, and substance use/misuse (TAPS) tool. 
  • Design of the Nephrotic Syndrome Study Network (NEPTUNE) to evaluate primary glomerular nephropathy by a multidisciplinary approach. 
  • Design of the North Carolina Prostate Cancer Comparative Effectiveness and Survivorship Study (NC ProCESS). 
  • Design of the Reduction of Events with Darbepoetin alfa in Heart Failure (RED-HF): a Phase III, anaemia correction, morbidity-mortality trial. 
  • Design of the SHock Inhibition Evaluation with Azimilide (SHIELD) study: a novel method to assess antiarrhythmic drug effect in patients with an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator. 
  • Design of the Trial to Assess Chelation Therapy (TACT). 
  • Design of the Value of Urodynamic Evaluation (ValUE) trial: A non-inferiority randomized trial of preoperative urodynamic investigations. 
  • Design of the blockade of the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor to avoid vascular occlusion (BRAVO) trial. 
  • Design of the silent cerebral infarct transfusion (SIT) trial. 
  • Design, methodological issues and participation in a multiple sclerosis case-control study. 
  • Design, progress and challenges of a double-blind trial of warfarin versus aspirin for symptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis. 
  • Designing a biomechanics investigation: choosing the right model. 
  • Designing and implementing sample and data collection for an international genetics study: the Type 1 Diabetes Genetics Consortium (T1DGC). 
  • Designing clinical trials for paroxysmal atrial tachycardia and other paroxysmal arrhythmias. 
  • Designing pharmaceutical trials for sarcopenia in frail older adults: EU/US Task Force recommendations. 
  • Designing phase II studies in cancer with time-to-event endpoints. 
  • Designing research studies on psychosocial interventions in autism. 
  • Designing the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT). 
  • Designing, Conducting, Monitoring, and Analyzing Data from Pragmatic Randomized Clinical Trials: Proceedings from a Multi-stakeholder Think Tank Meeting. 
  • Designs for randomized phase II clinical trials with two treatment arms. 
  • Designs in partially controlled studies: messages from a review. 
  • Desirability of Outcome Ranking (DOOR) and Response Adjusted for Duration of Antibiotic Risk (RADAR). 
  • Detailed methods of two home-based vegetable gardening intervention trials to improve diet, physical activity, and quality of life in two different populations of cancer survivors. 
  • Determinants of a subject's decision to participate in clinical anesthesia research. 
  • Determination of fasiglifam-induced liver toxicity: Insights from the data monitoring committee of the fasiglifam clinical trials program. 
  • Determining Sample Size in Improvement Science Study Designs. 
  • Developing a National Trauma Research Action Plan: Results from the geriatric research gap Delphi survey. 
  • Developing a national research agenda to reduce consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and increase safe water access and consumption among 0- to 5-year-olds: a mixed methods approach. 
  • Developing a research program on fatigue in children and adolescents diagnosed with cancer. 
  • Developing a risk-based composite neurologic outcome for a trial of hydroxyurea in young children with sickle cell disease. 
  • Developing the evidence base for palliative care: formation of the Palliative Care Research Cooperative and its first trial. 
  • Developing the evidence for evidence-based practice. 
  • Development and application of basic research techniques in bladder cancer research. 
  • Development and pilot testing of an mHealth behavioral cancer pain protocol for medically underserved communities. 
  • Development of a core outcome set for basal cell carcinoma. 
  • Development of a manualized protocol of massage therapy for clinical trials in osteoarthritis. 
  • Development of a new adapted QuinteT Recruitment Intervention (QRI-Two) for rapid application to RCTs underway with enrolment shortfalls-to identify previously hidden barriers and improve recruitment. 
  • Dexamethasone, blood glucose and CONSORT guidelines - a reply. 
  • Diabetic nephropathy: a national dialogue. 
  • Dialectical behavior therapy: current status, recent developments, and future directions. 
  • Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension: rationale, design, and methods. DASH Collaborative Research Group. 
  • Difference between mitochondrial RNase P and nuclear RNase P. 
  • Differences in Liver Imaging and Reporting Data System Categorization Between MRI and CT. 
  • Differences in afterdischarge threshold determination methods: implications for experimental designs. 
  • Different interventions, same outcomes? Here are four good reasons. 
  • Differential treatment benefit of platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibition with percutaneous coronary intervention versus medical therapy for acute coronary syndromes: exploration of methods. 
  • Dipsticks and diagnostic algorithms in urinary tract infection: development and validation, randomised trial, economic analysis, observational cohort and qualitative study. 
  • Discharge information and support for veterans Receiving Outpatient Care in the Emergency Department: study design and methods. 
  • Discordance of databases designed for claims payment versus clinical information systems. Implications for outcomes research. 
  • Discovering the obvious, damaging the defenseless. 
  • Discussion on experimental design; a survey of types of experimental designs. 
  • Dissemination of research in clinical nursing journals. 
  • Distinct roles of specific fatty acids in cellular processes: implications for interpreting and reporting experiments. 
  • Distinguishing Intrapsychic From Interpersonal Motives in Psychological Theory and Research. 
  • Distress persists in long-term brain tumor survivors with glioblastoma multiforme. 
  • Diuretics and sudden cardiac death. 
  • Do Women and Men Respond Similarly to Therapies in Contemporary Heart Failure Clinical Trials? 
  • Do clinical decision-support reminders for medical providers improve isoniazid preventative therapy prescription rates among HIV-positive adults? Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. 
  • Do physicians within the same practice setting manage osteoporosis patients similarly? Implications for implementation research. 
  • Do we need to adjudicate major clinical events? 
  • Do we really need more trials about the efficacy of commonly used treatments for bronchiolitis? 
  • Does participatory decision making improve hypertension self-care behaviors and outcomes? 
  • Donepezil treatment of older adults with cognitive impairment and depression (DOTCODE study): clinical rationale and design. 
  • Dose comparisons of clopidogrel and aspirin in acute coronary syndromes. 
  • Dose-response research in digital health interventions: Concepts, considerations, and challenges. 
  • Dosing in neonates: special considerations in physiology and trial design. 
  • Drug Development in Kidney Disease: Proceedings From a Multistakeholder Conference. 
  • Dynamic nature of the placebo response. 
  • EMK: a novel program for family-based allelic and genotypic association tests on quantitative traits. 
  • ESPACOMP Medication Adherence Reporting Guideline (EMERGE). 
  • Early and late changes in left ventricular systolic performance after percutaneous aortic balloon valvuloplasty. 
  • Early versus delayed stabilization of femoral fractures. 
  • Early, goal-directed mobilisation in the surgical intensive care unit: a randomised controlled trial. 
  • Early-phase study of a telephone-based intervention to reduce weight regain among bariatric surgery patients. 
  • Eating, Sleeping, Consoling for Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal (ESC-NOW): a Function-Based Assessment and Management Approach study protocol for a multi-center, stepped-wedge randomized controlled trial. 
  • Ebola clinical trials: Five lessons learned and a way forward. 
  • Economic analysis of randomized, controlled trials. 
  • Editorial Comment. 
  • Education research: neurology continuity clinic. Improving the timing of the experience. 
  • Effect of a tailored assistive technology intervention on older adults and their family caregiver: a pragmatic study protocol. 
  • Effect of exercise training on ventricular function, dyssynchrony, resting myocardial perfusion, and clinical outcomes in patients with heart failure: a nuclear ancillary study of Heart Failure and A Controlled Trial Investigating Outcomes of Exercise TraiNing (HF-ACTION); design and rationale. 
  • Effect of genetic testing for risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus on health behaviors and outcomes: study rationale, development and design. 
  • Effect of spinal manipulation on sensorimotor functions in back pain patients: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. 
  • Effective weight loss for overweight children: a meta-analysis of intervention studies 
  • Effectiveness of involuntary outpatient commitment. 
  • Effects of Adding an Internet-Based Pain Coping Skills Training Protocol to a Standardized Education and Exercise Program for People With Persistent Hip Pain (HOPE Trial): Randomized Controlled Trial Protocol. 
  • Effects of aerobic exercise on cognitive and psychosocial functioning in patients with mild hypertension. 
  • Effects of amino acid supplementation on left ventricular remodeling in patients with chronic heart failure with decreased systolic function and diabetes mellitus: rationale and design of a magnetic resonance imaging study. 
  • Effects of combination lipid therapy on coronary stenosis progression and clinical cardiovascular events in coronary disease patients with metabolic syndrome: a combined analysis of the Familial Atherosclerosis Treatment Study (FATS), the HDL-Atherosclerosis Treatment Study (HATS), and the Armed Forces Regression Study (AFREGS). 
  • Effects of functional taping compared with sham taping and minimal intervention on pain intensity and static postural control for patients with non-specific chronic low back pain: a randomised clinical trial protocol. 
  • Effects of military experience on mental health problems and work behavior. 
  • Effects of online repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on cognitive processing: A meta-analysis and recommendations for future studies. 
  • Effects of physical activity calorie expenditure (PACE) labeling: study design and baseline sample characteristics. 
  • Effects of pulse width and electrode placement on the efficacy and cognitive effects of electroconvulsive therapy. 
  • Effects of varenicline and cognitive bias modification on neural response to smoking-related cues: study protocol for a randomized controlled study. 
  • Efficacy and effectiveness approaches in behavioral treatment trials. 
  • Efficacy and safety of nighttime dosing of antihypertensives: review of the literature and design of a pragmatic clinical trial. 
  • Efficacy of intranasal corticosteroids for acute sinusitis. 
  • Efficacy of newer medications for treating depression in primary care patients. 
  • Electronic health records to facilitate clinical research. 
  • Elevated serum cardiac markers predict coronary artery disease in patients with a history of heart failure who present with chest pain: insights from the i*trACS registry. 
  • Embedding clinical interventions into observational studies. 
  • Emerging ideas: prevention of posttraumatic arthritis through interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibition. 
  • Emory Angioplasty Versus Surgery Trial (EAST): design, recruitment, and baseline description of patients. 
  • End of study transition from study drug to open-label vitamin K antagonist therapy: the ROCKET AF experience. 
  • End points and trial design in geriatric oncology research: a joint European organisation for research and treatment of cancer--Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology--International Society Of Geriatric Oncology position article. 
  • Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease (ENRICHD) study intervention: rationale and design. 
  • Enhancing recovery in coronary heart disease patients (ENRICHD): study design and methods. The ENRICHD investigators. 
  • Enhancing standard cardiac rehabilitation with stress management training: background, methods, and design for the enhanced study. 
  • Enhancing the value of clinical trials: the role of data sharing. 
  • Epicardial adipose tissue and carotid artery disease: Protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. 
  • Epicardial adipose tissue and metabolic syndrome: An update protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. 
  • Epidemiology / vaccine efficacy trials. "HIV Incidence in Adults in Northern Thailand". 
  • Epithelial-mesenchymal transition in cancer progression. 
  • Epoetin treatment of anemia associated with cancer therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials. 
  • Errors in the lab and in publications. 
  • Erythropoietin: high profile, high scrutiny. 
  • Essential Ingredients and Innovations in the Design and Analysis of Group-Randomized Trials. 
  • Establishing an electronic health record-supported approach for outreach to and recruitment of persons at high risk of type 2 diabetes in clinical trials: The vitamin D and type 2 diabetes (D2d) study experience. 
  • Establishing an international computer network for research and teaching in public health and epidemiology. 
  • Establishing reporting standards for metabolomic and metabonomic studies: a call for participation. 
  • Estimand framework: Are we asking the right questions? A case study in the solid tumor setting. 
  • Estimands and inference in cluster-randomized vaccine trials. 
  • Estimating Preferences for Complex Health Technologies: Lessons Learned and Implications for Personalized Medicine. 
  • Estimating between- and within-individual variation in cortisol levels using multilevel models. 
  • Estimating common parameters of lognormally distributed environmental and biomonitoring data: harmonizing disparate statistics from publications. 
  • Estimating live birth rates after ovulation induction in polycystic ovary syndrome: sample size calculations for the pregnancy in polycystic ovary syndrome trial. 
  • Estimating vaccine efficacy over time after a randomized study is unblinded. 
  • Ethical Challenges in Promoting the Implementation of Preventive Interventions: Report of the SPR Task Force. 
  • Ethical and epistemic issues in the design and conduct of pragmatic stepped-wedge cluster randomized clinical trials. 
  • Ethical and regulatory issues of pragmatic cluster randomized trials in contemporary health systems. 
  • Ethical responsibilities toward indirect and collateral participants in pragmatic clinical trials. 
  • Ethics and Collateral Findings in Pragmatic Clinical Trials. 
  • Ethics and equipoise: rationale for a placebo-controlled study design of platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibition in coronary intervention. 
  • Evaluating diabetes health policies using natural experiments: the natural experiments for translation in diabetes study. 
  • Evaluating fitness-for-use of electronic health records in pragmatic clinical trials: reported practices and recommendations. 
  • Evaluating long-term care demonstrations in real time with study design and plan performance interactions. 
  • Evaluating measurement models in clinical research: covariance structure analysis of latent variable models of self-conception. 
  • Evaluating the generalizability of a large streamlined cardiovascular trial: comparing hospitals and patients in the dual antiplatelet therapy study versus the National Cardiovascular Data Registry. 
  • Evaluation Study of Congestive Heart Failure and Pulmonary Artery Catheterization Effectiveness (ESCAPE): design and rationale. 
  • Evaluation and use of epidemiological evidence for environmental health risk assessment: WHO guideline document. 
  • Evaluation metrics for biostatistical and epidemiological collaborations. 
  • Evaluation of CRUSADE and ACUITY-HORIZONS Scores for Predicting Long-term Out-of-Hospital Bleeding after Percutaneous Coronary Interventions. 
  • Evaluation of cluster-randomized trials on maternal and child health research in developing countries. 
  • Evaluation of the Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of BI 409306, a Novel Phosphodiesterase 9 Inhibitor, in Cognitive Impairment in Schizophrenia: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase II Trial. 
  • Evaluative Outcomes in Direct Extraction and Use of EHR Data in Clinical Trials. 
  • Even better data on solitary confinement are needed. 
  • Evidence from Pragmatic Trials during Routine Care - Slouching toward a Learning Health System. 
  • Evidence-based guidelines for pediatric clinical trials: focus on StaR Child Health. 
  • Examining the evidence on the causal effect of HAART on transmission of HIV using the Bradford Hill criteria. 
  • Examining the impact of genetic testing for type 2 diabetes on health behaviors: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. 
  • Exercise and atherosclerotic heart disease in women. 
  • Exercise training for diabetes: the "strength" of the evidence. 
  • Expanding Clinical Trials Designs to Extend Equitable Hearing Care. 
  • Experiential Sampling in the Study of Multiple Personality Disorder 
  • Experimental research on the relation between food price changes and food-purchasing patterns: a targeted review. 
  • Expert Consensus Regarding Core Outcomes for Enhanced Recovery after Cesarean Delivery Studies: A Delphi Study. 
  • Exposure to concentrated ambient particles (CAPs): a review. 
  • Extending principles learned in model systems to clinical trials design. 
  • FDA-Catalyst-Using FDA's Sentinel Initiative for large-scale pragmatic randomized trials: Approach and lessons learned during the planning phase of the first trial. 
  • Facilitated percutaneous coronary intervention versus primary percutaneous coronary intervention: design and rationale of the Facilitated Intervention with Enhanced Reperfusion Speed to Stop Events (FINESSE) trial. 
  • Factors Associated With Attrition in Randomized Controlled Trials of Vocal Rehabilitation: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. 
  • Factors associated with biomedical research participation within community-based samples across 3 National Cancer Institute-designated cancer centers. 
  • Factors associated with recruitment and screening in the Treatment for Adolescents With Depression Study (TADS). 
  • Family nursing research: precepts from paragons and peccadilloes. 
  • Family-based obesity prevention for infants: Design of the "Mothers & Others" randomized trial. 
  • Feasibility of Combining Common Data Elements Across Studies to Test a Hypothesis. 
  • Feasibility randomised multicentre, double-blind, double-dummy controlled trial of anakinra, an interleukin-1 receptor antagonist versus intramuscular methylprednisolone for acute gout attacks in patients with chronic kidney disease (ASGARD): protocol study. 
  • Fibrous glass and cancer. 
  • Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome. 
  • First-line options for systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis treatment: an observational study of Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance Consensus Treatment Plans. 
  • Five analytic challenges in working with electronic health records data to support clinical trials with some solutions. 
  • Five good reasons to be disappointed with randomized trials. 
  • Five hundred patients with Merkel cell carcinoma evaluated at a single institution. 
  • Flexible treatment strategies in chronic disease: clinical and research implications. 
  • Focus article report of the NIH task force on research standards for chronic low back pain. 
  • Focus article: report of the NIH Task Force on Research Standards for Chronic Low Back Pain. 
  • Focus on rural health. Preface. 
  • Formative research in clinical trial development: attitudes of patients with arthritis in enhancing prevention trials. 
  • Formulating clinical research hypotheses as structural equation models: a conceptual overview. 
  • Formulating the researchable question. 
  • Fragility Index in Cardiovascular Randomized Controlled Trials. 
  • Framework for patient safety research and improvement. 
  • Frequency, Regional Variation, and Predictors of Undetermined Cause of Death in Cardiometabolic Clinical Trials: A Pooled Analysis of 9259 Deaths in 9 Trials. 
  • Frequency, nature, effects, and correlates of conflicts of interest in published clinical cancer research. 
  • From Protocols to Publications: A Study in Selective Reporting of Outcomes in Randomized Trials in Oncology. 
  • Functional aging in health and heart failure: the COmPLETE Study. 
  • Functional outcomes for clinical trials in frail older persons: time to be moving. 
  • Future directions in the developmental science of addictions. 
  • Future orientation in the self-system: possible selves, self-regulation, and behavior. 
  • G-CSF for fever and neutropenia induced by chemotherapy. 
  • GRADE guidelines: 21 part 1. Study design, risk of bias, and indirectness in rating the certainty across a body of evidence for test accuracy. 
  • GRADE guidelines: 21 part 2. Test accuracy: inconsistency, imprecision, publication bias, and other domains for rating the certainty of evidence and presenting it in evidence profiles and summary of findings tables. 
  • Gabapentin in the treatment of mental illness: the echo chamber of the case series. 
  • Gaps and opportunities in refractory status epilepticus research in children: a multi-center approach by the Pediatric Status Epilepticus Research Group (pSERG). 
  • Gene-ontology enrichment analysis in two independent family-based samples highlights biologically plausible processes for autism spectrum disorders. 
  • Genetic and environmental influences on antisocial behaviors: evidence from behavioral-genetic research. 
  • Genetic association studies; the good, the bad, and the ugly. 
  • Genotype tailored treatment of mild symptomatic acid reflux in children with uncontrolled asthma (GenARA): Rationale and methods. 
  • Getting over testosterone: postulating a fresh start for etiologic studies of prostate cancer. 
  • Getting the most out of intensive longitudinal data: a methodological review of workload-injury studies. 
  • Giving Patients a Meaningful Voice in European Health Technology Assessments: The Role of Health Preference Research. 
  • Glioblastoma Clinical Trials: Current Landscape and Opportunities for Improvement. 
  • Global utilization of streptokinase and tPA for occluded arteries (GUSTO) ECG-monitoring substudy. Study design and technical considerations. 
  • Glocal clinical registries: pacemaker registry design and implementation for global and local integration--methodology and case study. 
  • Good Clinical Practice Guidance and Pragmatic Clinical Trials: Balancing the Best of Both Worlds. 
  • Good research practices for cost-effectiveness analysis alongside clinical trials: the ISPOR RCT-CEA Task Force report. 
  • Grading quality of evidence and strength of recommendations for diagnostic tests and strategies. 
  • Graphical search for two-stage designs for phase II clinical trials. 
  • Graphics for dissemination of meta-analyses to staff nurses. 
  • Grey literature in meta-analyses. 
  • Group comparisons: imaging the aging brain. 
  • Group interventions for co-morbid insomnia and osteoarthritis pain in primary care: the lifestyles cluster randomized trial design. 
  • Group sequential methods for interim monitoring of randomized clinical trials with time-lagged outcome. 
  • Group sequential testing for cluster randomized trials with time-to-event endpoint. 
  • Group-sequential logrank methods for trial designs using bivariate non-competing event-time outcomes. 
  • Guidelines for perioperative blood transfusion and conservation in cardiac surgery: lessons and challenges. 
  • Guidelines for quality assurance in multicenter trials: a position paper. 
  • Guidelines for trials of behavioral treatments for recurrent headache, first edition: American Headache Society Behavioral Clinical Trials Workgroup. 
  • HIV-1 vaccines and adaptive trial designs. 
  • Haplotype and genotypes of the VDR gene and cutaneous melanoma risk in non-Hispanic whites in Texas: a case-control study. 
  • Harmonisation in study design and outcomes in paediatric antibiotic clinical trials: a systematic review. 
  • Harms, benefits, and the nature of interventions in pragmatic clinical trials. 
  • Has behavior therapy drifted from its experimental roots? A survey of publication trends in mainstream behavioral journals. 
  • Have randomized controlled trials of neuroprotective drugs been underpowered? An illustration of three statistical principles. 
  • Healing prayer outcomes studies: consensus recommendations. 
  • Health Preference Research in Europe: A Review of Its Use in Marketing Authorization, Reimbursement, and Pricing Decisions-Report of the ISPOR Stated Preference Research Special Interest Group. 
  • Health Preference Research: An Overview. 
  • Health and function of participants in the Long Life Family Study: A comparison with other cohorts. 
  • Health and subjective well-being: a replicated secondary data analysis. 
  • Health metrics priorities: a perspective from young researchers. 
  • Health policy and outcomes research 2004. 
  • Health values of the seriously ill. 
  • Health-related quality of life in dermatology: introduction and overview. 
  • Heart Failure Strategically Focused Research Network: Summary of Results and Future Directions. 
  • Heart Failure in Women. 
  • Heart failure and a controlled trial investigating outcomes of exercise training (HF-ACTION): design and rationale. 
  • Heart failure with preserved left ventricular systolic function among patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes. 
  • Helping Invested Families Improve Veterans' Experiences Study (HI-FIVES): study design and methodology. 
  • Heuristic and logistic principles of ST-segment interpretation in the time domain. Evolution in the context of the TAMI 7 trial design. 
  • Hierarchical modeling: its time has come. 
  • High Dimensional Variable Selection with Error Control. 
  • High-dose influenza vaccine to reduce clinical outcomes in high-risk cardiovascular patients: Rationale and design of the INVESTED trial. 
  • Hip fracture rehabilitation. 
  • Hit the Web to help guide your practice. 
  • Hitting the target: why existing measures of "religiousness" are really reverse-scored measures of "secularism". 
  • Holding GUSTO up to the light. Global Utilization of Streptokinase and Tissue Plasminogen Activator for Occluded Coronary Arteries. 
  • Holding back the sea: the role for maintenance chemotherapy in metastatic breast cancer. 
  • Home blood pressure management and improved blood pressure control: results from a randomized controlled trial. 
  • Home health and skilled nursing facility use: 1982-90. 
  • Hospital versus random digit dialing controls in the elderly. Observations from two case-control studies. 
  • Hospitals as interpretation systems. 
  • Household and living arrangement projections at the subnational level: an extended cohort-component approach. 
  • How Bayesian statistics may help answer some of the controversial questions in clinical research on Alzheimer's disease. 
  • How Reliable are Patient-Reported Rehospitalizations? Implications for the Design of Future Practical Clinical Studies. 
  • How does cost matter in health-care discrete-choice experiments? 
  • How should the minimum important difference for a health-related quality-of-life instrument be estimated? 
  • Human biospecimen research: experimental protocol and quality control tools. 
  • Human immunodeficiency virus vaccine development in developing countries: are efficacy trials feasible? 
  • Hyperbaric for carbon monoxide poisoning. 
  • Hyperbaric oxygen for carbon monoxide poisoning. 
  • Hypertension Improvement Project (HIP): study protocol and implementation challenges. 
  • Hypertension Intervention Nurse Telemedicine Study (HINTS): testing a multifactorial tailored behavioral/educational and a medication management intervention for blood pressure control. 
  • Hypo-egoic self-regulation: exercising self-control by diminishing the influence of the self. 
  • I RBH - First Brazilian Hypertension Registry. 
  • I-CARE randomized clinical trial integrating depression and acute coronary syndrome care in low-resource hospitals in China: Design and rationale. 
  • ICECREAM: randomised phase II study of cetuximab alone or in combination with irinotecan in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer with either KRAS, NRAS, BRAF and PI3KCA wild type, or G13D mutated tumours. 
  • ICF core sets: how to specify impairment and function in systemic lupus erythematosus. 
  • ICH-E9 reflections and considerations. 
  • IMPROVE trial: a randomized controlled trial of patient-controlled analgesia for sickle cell painful episodes: rationale, design challenges, initial experience, and recommendations for future studies. 
  • ISCHEMIA: Establishing the Primary End Point. 
  • ISOQOL recommends minimum standards for patient-reported outcome measures used in patient-centered outcomes and comparative effectiveness research. 
  • Identification and characterization of cell type-specific and ubiquitous chromatin regulatory structures in the human genome. 
  • Identification and management of pragmatic clinical trial collateral findings: A current understanding and directions for future research. 
  • Identification of dementia: agreement among national survey data, medicare claims, and death certificates. 
  • Identifying Barriers and Practical Solutions to Conducting Site-Based Research in North America: Exploring Acute Heart Failure Trials As a Case Study. 
  • Identifying research needs for improving health care. 
  • Imaging biomarker roadmap for cancer studies. 
  • Immunotherapy for primary brain tumors: no longer a matter of privilege. 
  • Impact of COVID-19 on Heart Failure Clinical Trials: Insights From the Heart Failure Collaboratory. 
  • Impact of advance care planning on the care of patients with heart failure: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. 
  • Impact of bioinformatic procedures in the development and translation of high-throughput molecular classifiers in oncology. 
  • Impact of emerging health insurance arrangements on diabetes outcomes and disparities: rationale and study design. 
  • Impact of percutaneous coronary intervention performance reporting on cardiac resuscitation centers: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. 
  • Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Cardiovascular Science: Anticipating Problems and Potential Solutions: A Presidential Advisory From the American Heart Association. 
  • Impact of unequal cluster sizes for GEE analyses of stepped wedge cluster randomized trials with binary outcomes. 
  • Impact of weighted composite compared to traditional composite endpoints for the design of randomized controlled trials. 
  • Implementation and evaluation of the VA DPP clinical demonstration: protocol for a multi-site non-randomized hybrid effectiveness-implementation type III trial. 
  • Implementation considerations for multisite clinical trials with cognitive neuroscience tasks. 
  • Implementation of a clinical study of a pain management program for pediatric oncology patients 
  • Implementing a pediatric oncology nursing multisite trial. 
  • Implementing core outcomes in kidney disease: report of the Standardized Outcomes in Nephrology (SONG) implementation workshop. 
  • Implementing patient-reported outcomes assessment in clinical practice: a review of the options and considerations. 
  • Implications of complex adaptive systems theory for the design of research on health care organizations. 
  • Importance of patient engagement in the conduct of pragmatic multicenter randomized controlled trials: The ADAPTABLE experience. 
  • Improving Cardiovascular Drug and Device Development and Evidence Through Patient-Centered Research and Clinical Trials: A Call to Action From the Value in Healthcare Initiative's Partnering With Regulators Learning Collaborative. 
  • Improving Medication Adherence Research Reporting: European Society for Patient Adherence, Compliance and Persistence Medication Adherence Reporting Guideline. 
  • Improving health engagement and lifestyle management for breast cancer survivors with diabetes. 
  • Improving survival in neuro-oncology is a struggle; we cannot allow ourselves to also struggle with issues of diversity. 
  • Improving the Design of Future PCI Trials for Stable Coronary Artery Disease: JACC State-of-the-Art Review. 
  • Improving the Evidence Base for Treating Older Adults With Cancer: American Society of Clinical Oncology Statement. 
  • Improving the Validity of Stated-Preference Data in Health Research: The Potential of the Time-to-Think Approach. 
  • Improving the quality of rural nursing care. 
  • Improving the quality of survivorship for older adults with cancer. 
  • Improving the use of evidence-based heart failure therapies in the outpatient setting: the IMPROVE HF performance improvement registry. 
  • Improving urban African Americans' blood pressure control through multi-level interventions in the Achieving Blood Pressure Control Together (ACT) study: a randomized clinical trial. 
  • In a mailed physician survey, questionnaire length had a threshold effect on response rate. 
  • In or out? Methodological considerations for including and excluding findings from a meta-analysis of predictors of antiretroviral adherence in HIV-positive women. 
  • In vitro fertilization and acupuncture: clinical efficacy and mechanistic basis. 
  • In vivo dendritic cell tracking using fluorescence lifetime imaging and near-infrared-emissive polymersomes. 
  • In vivo gene transfer and gene modulation in hypertension research. 
  • In-Home Passive Sensor Data Collection and Its Implications for Social Media Research: Perspectives of Community Women in Rural South Africa. 
  • Incentives and payments in pragmatic clinical trials: Scientific, ethical, and policy considerations. 
  • Incentives for children in research 
  • Incorporating patient preferences into clinical trial design: results of the opinions of patients on treatment implications of new studies (OPTIONS) project. 
  • Incorporating primary and secondary prevention approaches to address childhood obesity prevention and treatment in a low-income, ethnically diverse population: study design and demographic data from the Texas Childhood Obesity Research Demonstration (TX CORD) study. 
  • Increasing proportion of clinical trials using noninferiority end points. 
  • Independent data monitoring committees: an update and overview. 
  • Individual bioequivalence testing under 2x3 designs. 
  • Individual progression of carotid intima media thickness as a surrogate for vascular risk (PROG-IMT): Rationale and design of a meta-analysis project. 
  • Inference for clinical trials with some protocol amendments. 
  • Influence of food companies' brand mascots and entertainment companies' cartoon media characters on children's diet and health: a systematic review and research needs. 
  • Informed consent in a clinical trial of a novel treatment for rheumatoid arthritis. 
  • Infrastructure to Support Accrual of Older Adults to National Cancer Institute Clinical Trials. 
  • Initial report of the cancer Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) sexual function committee: review of sexual function measures and domains used in oncology. 
  • Innovations in infertility: a comprehensive analysis of the ClinicalTrials.gov database. 
  • Innovative Design and Analysis for PK/PD Biosimilar Bridging Studies with Multiple References. 
  • Innovative Study Designs Optimizing Clinical Pharmacology Research in Infants and Children. 
  • Innovative design and analysis for rare disease drug development. 
  • Innovative public-private partnership to target subsidised antimalarials: a study protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial to evaluate a community intervention in Western Kenya. 
  • Insights into pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma research: Challenges and goals. 
  • Insights into the change in brain natriuretic peptide after ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI): why should it be better than baseline? 
  • Institutional ethnography - a primer. 
  • Instruments for use in nursing education research 
  • Insulin resistance and altered systemic glucose metabolism in mice lacking Nur77. 
  • Integrated genetic and genomic approach in the SingaporeTranslational and Clinical Research in Psychosis Study: an overview. 
  • Integrating ancillary studies in a large clinical trial: the design and rationale of the APEX library. 
  • Integrating multiple data sources (MUDS) for meta-analysis to improve patient-centered outcomes research: a protocol. 
  • Integrating smoking cessation into mental health care for post-traumatic stress disorder. 
  • Integrating tDCS into routine inpatient rehabilitation practice to boost post-stroke recovery. 
  • Integrating technology into palliative care research. 
  • Intellectual Equipoise and Challenges: Accruing Patients With Advanced Cancer to a Trial Randomizing to Surgical or Nonsurgical Management (SWOG S1316). 
  • Intensive treatment of dysarthria in two adults with Down syndrome. 
  • Intent of reporting standards: Reply to Rossiter (2018). 
  • Interim analysis of binary outcome data in clinical trials: a comparison of five estimators. 
  • Intermediate outcomes: diagnostic and therapeutic impact. 
  • Internal versus external tocodynamometry in labor. 
  • International Study to Predict Optimized Treatment for Depression (iSPOT-D), a randomized clinical trial: rationale and protocol. 
  • International consensus definitions of clinical trial outcomes for kidney failure: 2020. 
  • Internet-based vestibular rehabilitation for adults aged 50 years and over: a protocol for a randomised controlled trial. 
  • Internet-mediated physiotherapy and pain coping skills training for people with persistent knee pain (IMPACT - knee pain): a randomised controlled trial protocol. 
  • Interpreting mutual adjustment for multiple indicators of socioeconomic position without committing mutual adjustment fallacies. 
  • Interpreting the clinical importance of treatment outcomes in chronic pain clinical trials: IMMPACT recommendations. 
  • Intersociety Council on Radiation Oncology essay on the introduction of new medical treatments into practice. 
  • Intervention Fidelity in Pain Pragmatic Trials for Nonpharmacologic Pain Management: Nuanced Considerations for Determining PRECIS-2 Flexibility in Delivery and Adherence. 
  • Intervention delivery for embedded pragmatic clinical trials: Development of a tool to measure complexity. 
  • Interventions designed to increase the uptake of lung cancer screening and implications for priority populations: a scoping review protocol. 
  • Interventions to improve transitional care between nursing homes and hospitals: a systematic review. 
  • Intra-aortic balloon pump trials: questions, answers, and unresolved issues. 
  • Intra-cluster correlations from the CLustered OUtcome Dataset bank to inform the design of longitudinal cluster trials. 
  • Intracluster correlation adjustments to maintain power in cluster trials for binary outcomes. 
  • Intrathecal enzyme replacement for cognitive decline in mucopolysaccharidosis type I, a randomized, open-label, controlled pilot study. 
  • Introduction to the special section: structural equation modeling in clinical research. 
  • Investigating the impact of observation errors on the statistical performance of network-based diffusion analysis. 
  • Investigative guidelines for alopecia areata. 
  • Involving communities in the design of clinical trial protocols: the BAN Study in Lilongwe, Malawi. 
  • Issues affecting minority participation in research studies of Alzheimer disease. 
  • Issues in the design of multisite clinical trials of psychotherapy: VA Cooperative Study No. 494 as an example. 
  • JCL roundtable: Coronary artery calcium scoring and other vascular imaging for risk assessment. 
  • Journal article reporting standards for quantitative research in psychology: The APA Publications and Communications Board task force report. 
  • Jump starting shared medical appointments for diabetes with weight management: Rationale and design of a randomized controlled trial. 
  • Key methodological choices determine the results of randomized trials in cardiac surgery: Every trial is perfectly designed to get the results it gets. 
  • L-arginine augments endothelium-dependent vasodilation in cholesterol-fed rabbits. 
  • L-glucosylceramide: synthesis, properties, and resistance to catabolism by glucocerebrosidase in vitro. 
  • Laboratory animal science issues in the design and conduct of studies with endocrine-active compounds. 
  • Lack of utility of cigarettes per day cutoffs for clinical and laboratory smoking research. 
  • Landscape of coronavirus disease 2019 clinical trials: New frontiers and challenges. 
  • Latent inhibition in the conditioned electrodermal response. 
  • Launching Effectiveness Research to Guide Practice in Neurosurgery: A National Institute Neurological Disorders and Stroke Workshop Report. 
  • Leading the Way in Exercise and Diet (Project LEAD): intervening to improve function among older breast and prostate cancer survivors. 
  • Lessons learned from a Parkinson's disease caregiver intervention pilot study. 
  • Lessons learned from a clinical trial: Design, rationale, and insights from The Cardiovascular Improvements with Minute Ventilation-targeted Adaptive Sero-Ventilation (ASV) Therapy in Heart Failure (CAT-HF) Study. 
  • Leveraging Patient Preference Information in Medical Device Clinical Trial Design. 
  • Leveraging electronic health record data for pragmatic randomized trials. 
  • Leveraging external data in the design and analysis of clinical trials in neuro-oncology. 
  • Life After PICOT: Taking the Next Step in a Clinical Inquiry Project. 
  • Linking electronic health data in pharmacoepidemiology: Appropriateness and feasibility. 
  • Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) v2018: diagnostic value of ancillary features favoring malignancy in hypervascular observations ≥ 10 mm at intermediate (LR-3) and high probability (LR-4) for hepatocellular carcinoma. 
  • Living laboratory: whole-genome sequencing as a learning healthcare enterprise. 
  • Logistical challenges and design considerations for studies using acute anterior cruciate ligament injury as a potential model for early posttraumatic osteoarthritis. 
  • Long-term oral platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonism with sibrafiban after acute coronary syndromes: study design of the sibrafiban versus aspirin to yield maximum protection from ischemic heart events post-acute coronary syndromes (SYMPHONY) trial. Symphony Steering Committee. 
  • Long-term results of tacrolimus in cyclosporine- and prednisone-dependent myasthenia gravis. 
  • Low-level exertions of the neck musculature: a study of research methods. 
  • Lunasin does not slow ALS progression: results of an open-label, single-center, hybrid-virtual 12-month trial. 
  • Magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities and psychiatric illness. 
  • Making AIDS prevention a national priority. 
  • Making evidence-based practice improvement more than a comforting sentiment. 
  • Making genomic medicine evidence-based and patient-centered: a structured review and landscape analysis of comparative effectiveness research. 
  • Malaria vaccine trial endpoints - bridging the gaps between trial design, public health and the next generation of vaccines. 
  • Management and outcomes of gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low, middle and high income countries: protocol for a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study. 
  • Management of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a summary and appraisal of published evidence. 
  • Management of preterm labor. 
  • Managing accrual in cooperative group clinical trials. 
  • Mapping depression rating scale phenotypes onto research domain criteria (RDoC) to inform biological research in mood disorders. 
  • Marginal modeling of cluster-period means and intraclass correlations in stepped wedge designs with binary outcomes. 
  • Mark McClellan. Interview by Asher Mullard. 
  • Matching with time-dependent treatments: A review and look forward. 
  • Maternal immune activation: reporting guidelines to improve the rigor, reproducibility, and transparency of the model. 
  • Maximizing retention in community-based clinical trials 
  • Meal-based enhancement of protein quality and quantity during weight loss in obese older adults with mobility limitations: rationale and design for the MEASUR-UP trial. 
  • Measurement of Exercise Tolerance before Surgery (METS) study: a protocol for an international multicentre prospective cohort study of cardiopulmonary exercise testing prior to major non-cardiac surgery. 
  • Measuring agreement between patient and proxy responses to multidimensional health-related quality-of-life measures in clinical trials. An application of psychometric profile analysis. 
  • Measuring cause-and-effect relationships without randomized clinical trials: Quasi-experimental methods for gynecologic oncology research. 
  • Measuring fatigue in people living with HIV/AIDS: psychometric characteristics of the HIV-related fatigue scale. 
  • Measuring macrodiffusion coefficients in microbicide hydrogels via postphotoactivation scanning. 
  • Measuring results of treatment of PTSD. 
  • Media coverage of medical journals: do the best articles make the news? 
  • Medicare prospective payment and posthospital transfers to subacute care. 
  • Medication treatment strategies in the MTA Study: relevance to clinicians and researchers. 
  • Mentoring physician-scientists: fear of the unknown and scientific opportunity. 
  • Meta-analysis of direct and indirect comparison of ticagrelor and prasugrel effects on platelet reactivity. 
  • Meta-analysis of multitreatment studies. 
  • Meta-analysis of phase II cooperative group trials in metastatic stage IV melanoma to determine progression-free and overall survival benchmarks for future phase II trials. 
  • Meta-analysis of the technical performance of an imaging procedure: guidelines and statistical methodology. 
  • Meta-analytic tools for medical decision making: a practical guide. 
  • Metabolites and microbial composition of stool of women with fecal incontinence: Study design and methods. 
  • Methodologic and statistical approaches to studying human fertility and environmental exposure. 
  • Methodological Research Priorities in Palliative Care and Hospice Quality Measurement. 
  • Methodological approaches and magnitude of the clinical unmet need associated with amotivation in mood disorders. 
  • Methodological challenges in constructing effective treatment sequences for chronic psychiatric disorders. 
  • Methodological challenges in the evaluation of prognostic factors in breast cancer. 
  • Methodological considerations in the design and implementation of clinical trials. 
  • Methodological guidelines for impedance cardiography. 
  • Methodological issues in developing new acute treatments for patients with bipolar illness. 
  • Methodological issues in negative symptom trials. 
  • Methodological issues in systematic reviews of headache trials: adapting historical diagnostic classifications and outcome measures to present-day standards. 
  • Methodological remarks concerning the recent meta-analysis on p53 codon 72 polymorphism and colorectal cancer risk. 
  • Methodological standardization for a multi-institutional in vivo trial of localized 31P MR spectroscopy in human cancer research. In vitro and normal volunteer studies. 
  • Methodologies used in nursing research designed to improve patient safety. 
  • Methodology for a vaginal and urinary microbiome study in women with mixed urinary incontinence. 
  • Methodology of a reevaluation of cardiovascular outcomes in the RECORD trial: study design and conduct. 
  • Methods for a multicenter randomized trial for mixed urinary incontinence: rationale and patient-centeredness of the ESTEEM trial. 
  • Methods for comparing durability of immune responses between vaccine regimens in early-phase trials. 
  • Methods for large-scale single mediator hypothesis testing: Possible choices and comparisons. 
  • Methods for national population forecasts: a review. 
  • Methods of testing feasibility for sequenced treatment alternatives to relieve depression (STAR*D). 
  • Methods to assess adverse health-related outcomes in cancer survivors. 
  • Methods to identify and characterize developmental neurotoxicity for human health risk assessment. III: pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic considerations. 
  • Methods, statistical features, and baseline results of a standardized, multicentered ophthalmologic surgical trial: the Silicone Study. 
  • Migraine therapeutics in adolescents: a systematic analysis and historic perspectives of triptan trials in adolescents. 
  • Mindful Yoga for women with metastatic breast cancer: design of a randomized controlled trial. 
  • Misestimation of peer tobacco use: understanding disparities in tobacco use. 
  • Missing data in the 2 x 2 table: patterns and likelihood-based analysis for cross-sectional studies with supplemental sampling. 
  • Missing in action: care by physician assistants and nurse practitioners in national health surveys. 
  • Misunderstandings, mischaracterizations, and the problematic choice of a specific instance in which the IE should never be applied. 
  • Misuse of analysis of covariance in aging research revisited. 
  • Mitchell W. Krucoff, MD. The MANTRA Study Project. Interview by Bonnie Horrigan. 
  • Mixed Methods Designs for Sports Medicine Research. 
  • Mixed noninferiority margin and statistical tests in active controlled trials. 
  • Modeling Semicontinuous Longitudinal Expenditures: A Practical Guide. 
  • Modeling bioterrorism and disaster preparedness: SMDM's recommendations for design and reporting. 
  • MolProbity: all-atom structure validation for macromolecular crystallography. 
  • Molecular Transducers of Physical Activity Consortium (MoTrPAC): Mapping the Dynamic Responses to Exercise. 
  • Monitoring nursing interventions and data collection in a randomized clinical trial. 
  • Monitoring the ACTIVE-W trial: some issues in monitoring a noninferiority trial. 
  • Monitoring the randomized trials of the Women's Health Initiative: the experience of the Data and Safety Monitoring Board. 
  • Monitoring versus interim analysis of clinical trials: a perspective from the pharmaceutical industry. 
  • Mortality rate and screening. 
  • Move over LOCF: principled methods for handling missing data in sleep disorder trials. 
  • Moving nursing beyond p < 0.05. 
  • Multicenter automatic defibrillator implantation trial-cardiac resynchronization therapy (MADIT-CRT): design and clinical protocol. 
  • Multicenter randomized controlled trial on Duration of Therapy for Thrombosis in Children and Young Adults (the Kids-DOTT trial): pilot/feasibility phase findings. 
  • Multicollinearity in hierarchical linear models. 
  • Multicomponent intervention versus usual care for management of hypertension in rural Bangladesh, Pakistan and Sri Lanka: study protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial. 
  • Multifactorial assessment of measurement errors affecting intraoral quantitative sensory testing reliability. 
  • Multiple imputation for harmonizing longitudinal non-commensurate measures in individual participant data meta-analysis. 
  • Multiple regression analyses in clinical child and adolescent psychology. 
  • Multiple tailored messages are effective in increasing fruit and vegetable consumption among callers to the Cancer Information Service. 
  • Multiple-particle tracking and two-point microrheology in cells. 
  • Multisite formative assessment for the Pathways study to prevent obesity in American Indian schoolchildren. 
  • Multisite randomized controlled trials in health services research: scientific challenges and operational issues. 
  • Multistage designs in the genomic era: providing balance in complex disease studies. 
  • Myocardial viability in ischemic left ventricular dysfunction. 
  • NIH electronic cigarette workshop: developing a research agenda. 
  • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute working group on emergency department management of acute heart failure: research challenges and opportunities. 
  • National Institute of Mental Health Collaborative Multimodal Treatment Study of Children with ADHD (the MTA). Design challenges and choices. 
  • National Institutes of Health Pathways to Prevention Workshop: the role of opioids in the treatment of chronic pain. 
  • National Lung Cancer Screening Trial American College of Radiology Imaging Network Specimen Biorepository originating from the Contemporary Screening for the Detection of Lung Cancer Trial (NLST, ACRIN 6654): design, intent, and availability of specimens for validation of lung cancer biomarkers. 
  • National working conference on smoking and body weight. Task Force 2: Methods of assessment, strategies for research. 
  • Natural history of human immunodeficiency virus disease in perinatally infected children: an analysis from the Pediatric Spectrum of Disease Project. 
  • Negative controls to detect uncontrolled confounding in observational studies of mammographic screening comparing participants and non-participants. 
  • Neoadjuvant hormonal therapy for ductal carcinoma in situ: trial design and preliminary results. 
  • Neural substrate for atrial fibrillation: implications for targeted parasympathetic blockade in the posterior left atrium. 
  • Neurocognitive impairment after neonatal sepsis: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. 
  • Neuroprotective therapy for acute ischaemic stroke: down, but not out. 
  • New designs for studies of the prophylaxis of bipolar disorder. 
  • New directions in research on involuntary outpatient commitment. 
  • New directions in research on pain and ethnicity: a comment on Riley, Wade, Myers, Sheffield, Pappas, and Price (2002). 
  • New drugs for old folks: the evidence-based argument for newer antidepressants. 
  • New-onset atrial fibrillation and warfarin initiation: high risk periods and implications for new antithrombotic drugs. 
  • No sex for science? Formative research on the acceptability and feasibility of a true contraceptive efficacy clinical trial. 
  • Non-surgical management of stress urinary incontinence: ambulatory treatments for leakage associated with stress (ATLAS) trial. 
  • Noncollagen Dermal Fillers: A Summary of the Clinical Trials Used for Their FDA Approval. 
  • Noninvasive measurement and screening techniques for spinal deformities. 
  • Nonparametric bayes testing of changes in a response distribution with an ordinal predictor. 
  • Nonpharmacologic, nonherbal management of menopause-associated vasomotor symptoms: an umbrella systematic review (protocol). 
  • Novel Methods for Reporting of Exercise Dose and Adherence: An Exploratory Analysis. 
  • Novel approaches to clinical trials: device-related infections. 
  • Novel method to collect medication adverse events in juvenile arthritis: results from the childhood arthritis and rheumatology research alliance enhanced drug safety surveillance project. 
  • Nursing patient safety research in rural health care settings. 
  • Nursing research and the prevention of infectious diseases among vulnerable populations. 
  • Objective performance goals of safety and blood pressure efficacy for clinical trials of renal artery bare metal stents in hypertensive patients with atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis. 
  • Observational studies and randomized trials. 
  • Observations and Observational Research. 
  • Obsessive and compulsive traits in athletes. 
  • Obstetrician-gynaecologists' opinions about conscientious refusal of a request for abortion: results from a national vignette experiment. 
  • Olanzapine on trial. 
  • On Bayesian Analysis and Hypothesis Testing in the Determination of Bioequivalence. 
  • On Enrichment Strategies for Biomarker Stratified Clinical Trials. 
  • On Two-stage Seamless Adaptive Design in Clinical Trials. 
  • On assessment of bioequivalence under a higher-order crossover design. 
  • On flexibility of adaptive designs and criteria for choosing a good one--a discussion of FDA draft guidance. 
  • On hybrid parallel-crossover designs for assessing drug interchangeability of biosimilar products. 
  • On likelihood distance for outliers detection. 
  • On non-inferiority margin and statistical tests in active control trials. 
  • On power and sample size calculation for QT studies with recording replicates at given time point. 
  • On sample size estimation and re-estimation adjusting for variability in confirmatory trials. 
  • On stability designs in drug shelf-life estimation. 
  • On statistical power for average bioequivalence testing under replicated crossover designs. 
  • On the design and the analysis of stratified biomarker trials in the presence of measurement error. 
  • On the establishment of equivalence acceptance criterion in analytical similarity assessment. 
  • On the estimation of the binomial probability in multistage clinical trials. 
  • On the evaluation of reliability, repeatability, and reproducibility of instrumental evaluation methods and measurement systems. 
  • On the independence of data monitoring committee in adaptive design clinical trials. 
  • One-Year Follow-Up of Vascular Intervention Trials Disrupted by the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Use-Case landscape. 
  • One-year clinical outcomes of depressed public sector outpatients: a benchmark for subsequent studies. 
  • Open-label randomized trial of titrated disease management for patients with hypertension: Study design and baseline sample characteristics. 
  • Operational Definitions Related to Pediatric Ventilator Liberation. 
  • Operations and pelvic muscle training in the management of apical support loss (OPTIMAL) trial: design and methods. 
  • Operative versus nonoperative treatment of knee dislocations: a meta-analysis. 
  • Optimal designs for phase II clinical trials with heterogeneous patient populations. 
  • Optimal surgical management of severe ischemic mitral regurgitation: to repair or to replace? 
  • Optimal two-stage log-rank test for randomized phase II clinical trials. 
  • Optimizing linkage and retention to hypertension care in rural Kenya (LARK hypertension study): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. 
  • Optimizing operational efficiencies in early phase trials: The Pediatric Trials Network experience. 
  • Optimizing the Impact of Pragmatic Clinical Trials for Veteran and Military Populations: Lessons From the Pain Management Collaboratory. 
  • Optimizing veteran-centered prostate cancer survivorship care: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. 
  • Oral Iron Therapy for Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction: Design and Rationale for Oral Iron Repletion Effects on Oxygen Uptake in Heart Failure. 
  • Oral antihypertensive trial design and analysis under the pediatric exclusivity provision. 
  • Oral cleft prevention program (OCPP). 
  • Ordered-subset analysis (OSA) for family-based association mapping of complex traits. 
  • Origin of body surface QRS and T wave potentials from epicardial potential distributions in the intact chimpanzee. 
  • Osteoporosis and depression: shedding more light upon a complex relationship. 
  • Our vision for the American Heart Journal. 
  • Out of the black box: expansion of a theory-based intervention to self-manage the uncertainty associated with active surveillance (AS) for prostate cancer. 
  • Outcome measurement in behavioral headache research: headache parameters and psychosocial outcomes. 
  • Outcome methods used in clinical studies of Chiari malformation Type I: a systematic review. 
  • Outcome of recruitment and report on participation rate in the New Mexico Elder Health Survey. 
  • Outcomes following vaginal prolapse repair and mid urethral sling (OPUS) trial--design and methods. 
  • Outcomes of Active Surveillance for Ductal Carcinoma in Situ: A Computational Risk Analysis. 
  • Outcomes research in cardiovascular imaging: report of a workshop sponsored by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. 
  • Outcomes research in cardiovascular imaging: report of a workshop sponsored by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. 
  • Outcomes-Based CV Imaging Research Endpoints and Trial Design: From Pixels to Patient Satisfaction. 
  • Ovarian cancer epidemiology in the era of collaborative team science. 
  • Overcoming Barriers to Using Patient-Reported Outcomes for Clinical Inquiry. 
  • Overcoming challenges in designing and implementing a phase II randomized controlled trial using a presurgical model to test a dietary intervention in prostate cancer. 
  • Overcoming obstacles in the design of cancer anorexia/weight loss trials. 
  • Overcoming underpowering: Trial simulations and a global rank end point to optimize clinical trials in children with heart disease. 
  • Overview of registered studies in orthodontics: Evaluation of the ClinicalTrials.gov registry. 
  • Overview of the Alliance for Cellular Signaling. 
  • P-value calculation for multistage phase II cancer clinical trials. 
  • PORTRAIT (Patient-Centered Outcomes Related to Treatment Practices in Peripheral Arterial Disease: Investigating Trajectories): Overview of Design and Rationale of an International Prospective Peripheral Arterial Disease Study. 
  • PRACT: a pragmatic randomized adaptive clinical trial protocol to investigate a culturally adapted brief negotiational intervention for alcohol use in the emergency department in Tanzania. 
  • PRImary care Streptococcal Management (PRISM) study: in vitro study, diagnostic cohorts and a pragmatic adaptive randomised controlled trial with nested qualitative study and cost-effectiveness study. 
  • PTSD and substance abuse. 
  • Pain and Disability Following Exercise-Induced Injury in Prognostic and Intervention Studies: The Why May Be More Important Than the How. 
  • Panel discussion 1. 
  • Participant-centered adaptations in caregiver trials: strategies for managing confounds. 
  • Pathology Study Design, Conduct, and Reporting to Achieve Rigor and Reproducibility in Translational Research Using Animal Models. 
  • Pathophysiology and Risk of Atrial Fibrillation Detected after Ischemic Stroke (PARADISE): A Translational, Integrated, and Transdisciplinary Approach. 
  • Pathophysiology and Treatment of Non-motor Dysfunction in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. 
  • Patient and provider interventions for managing osteoarthritis in primary care: protocols for two randomized controlled trials. 
  • Patient perspectives and involvement in precision medicine research. 
  • Patient reactions to confidentiality, liability, and financial aspects of informed consent in cardiology research. 
  • Patient safety-focused medication therapy management: challenges affecting future implementation. 
  • Patient-Centered Measures of Treatment Benefit. 
  • Patient-centered adherence intervention after acute coronary syndrome hospitalization. 
  • Patient-reported outcomes for peripheral vascular interventions in the vascular quality initiative. 
  • Patient-reported symptoms and quality of life 
in adults with acute leukemia: a systematic review. 
  • Patients with cancer and their spouse caregivers. Perceptions of the illness experience. 
  • Paying the Right Amount to Challenge Trial Participants - We Need to Use Behavioral Science Insights to Sell What's Right. 
  • Pediatric analgesic clinical trial designs, measures, and extrapolation: report of an FDA scientific workshop. 
  • Pelvic floor symptoms improve similarly after pessary and behavioral treatment for stress incontinence. 
  • Perceptions of African-American culture and implications for clinical trial design. 
  • Perioperative Neurocognitive Disorder: State of the Preclinical Science. 
  • Personality and self-regulation: trait and information-processing perspectives. 
  • Perspectives from the Society for Pediatric Research. Neonatal encephalopathy clinical trials: developing the future. 
  • Perspectives on depression, mild cognitive impairment, and cognitive decline. 
  • Perspectives on large-scale cardiovascular clinical trials for the new millennium. The Virtual Coordinating Center for Global Collaborative Cardiovascular Research (VIGOUR) Group. 
  • Pharmacokinetic studies in infants using minimal-risk study designs. 
  • Phase I clinical trial of cisplatin given i.v. with 5-fluorouracil and high-dose folinic acid. 
  • Phase I trial design: are new methodologies being put into practice? 
  • Phase II cancer clinical trials for biomarker-guided treatments. 
  • Phase II cancer clinical trials with heterogeneous patient populations. 
  • Phase II clinical trials with time-to-event endpoints: optimal two-stage designs with one-sample log-rank test. 
  • Phase II evaluations of cilengitide in asymptomatic patients with androgen-independent prostate cancer: scientific rationale and study design. 
  • Phase II trial of cetuximab, gemcitabine, and oxaliplatin followed by chemoradiation with cetuximab for locally advanced (T4) pancreatic adenocarcinoma: correlation of Smad4(Dpc4) immunostaining with pattern of disease progression. 
  • PhosphdiesteRasE-5 Inhibition to Improve CLinical Status and EXercise Capacity in Diastolic Heart Failure (RELAX) trial: rationale and design. 
  • Phosphorus binders and survival on hemodialysis. 
  • Physical therapy vs. internet-based exercise training (PATH-IN) for patients with knee osteoarthritis: study protocol of a randomized controlled trial. 
  • Physiological and psychological effects of testosterone during severe energy deficit and recovery: A study protocol for a randomized, placebo-controlled trial for Optimizing Performance for Soldiers (OPS). 
  • Placebo effect in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy: The PATH study and a systematic review. 
  • Placebo non-response measure in sequential parallel comparison design studies. 
  • Planning the size and duration of a clinical trial studying the time to some critical event. 
  • Point-of-care washing of allogeneic red blood cells for the prevention of transfusion-related respiratory complications (WAR-PRC): a protocol for a multicenter randomised clinical trial in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. 
  • Post-randomization bias. 
  • Power and sample size calculations for SNP association studies with censored time-to-event outcomes. 
  • Power calculations for large multi-arm placebo-controlled studies of dichotomous outcomes. 
  • Power considerations for generalized estimating equations analyses of four-level cluster randomized trials. 
  • Power considerations when a continuous outcome variable is dichotomized. 
  • Powered mobility for middle-aged and older adults: systematic review of outcomes and appraisal of published evidence. 
  • Powering Research through Innovative Methods for Mixtures in Epidemiology (PRIME) Program: Novel and Expanded Statistical Methods. 
  • Practical approach to determine sample size for building logistic prediction models using high-throughput data. 
  • Practical challenges in the conduct of pragmatic trials embedded in health plans: Lessons of IMPACT-AFib, an FDA-Catalyst trial. 
  • Practical steps for evidence-based practice: putting one foot in front of the other. 
  • Pragmatic (trial) informatics: a perspective from the NIH Health Care Systems Research Collaboratory. 
  • Pragmatic Trials in Long-Term Care: Research Challenges and Potential Solutions in Relation to Key Areas of Care. 
  • Pragmatic Trials in Long-Term Care: Research Challenges and Potential Solutions in Relation to Key Areas of Care. 
  • Pragmatic clinical trials embedded in healthcare systems: generalizable lessons from the NIH Collaboratory. 
  • Pragmatic clinical trials offer unique opportunities for disseminating, implementing, and sustaining evidence-based practices into clinical care: Proceedings of a workshop. 
  • Pragmatic trials in long-term care: Research challenges and potential solutions in relation to key areas of care. 
  • Predicting suicidal risk in schizophrenic and schizoaffective patients in a prospective two-year trial. 
  • Predicting the outcome of treatment. 
  • Predictors of longevity: evidence from the oldest old in China. 
  • Preface to theme issue on pragmatic and virtual trials: Progress and challenges. 
  • Preliminary evaluation of factors associated with premature trial closure and feasibility of accrual benchmarks in phase III oncology trials. 
  • Preliminary report on the use of high-fidelity simulation in the training of study coordinators conducting a clinical research protocol. 
  • Prenatal Opioid Exposure: Neurodevelopmental Consequences and Future Research Priorities. 
  • Prenatal gene tranfer: scientific, medical, and ethical issues: a report of the Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee. 
  • Presenting research to clinicians: strategies for writing about research findings. 
  • Pressor hyperreactivity is a predictor of the future development of essential hypertension. 
  • Prevalence of anxiety disorders in men and women with established coronary heart disease. 
  • Prices, infrastructure, household characteristics and child height. 
  • Primary anterior dislocation of the shoulder in young patients. A ten-year prospective study. 
  • Primordial prevention of cardiovascular disease among African-Americans: a social epidemiological perspective. 
  • Prioritization of research addressing antipsychotics for adolescents and young adults with bipolar disorder. 
  • Prioritization of research addressing management strategies for ductal carcinoma in situ. 
  • Problems with the randomized discontinuation design. 
  • Proceedings from the Society of Interventional Radiology research consensus panel on critical limb ischemia. 
  • Processes to activate phase III clinical trials in a Cooperative Oncology Group: the Case of Cancer and Leukemia Group B. 
  • Program for the epidemiological evaluation of stroke in Tandil, Argentina (PREVISTA) study: rationale and design. 
  • Project LIFE--Learning to Improve Fitness and Function in Elders: methods, design, and baseline characteristics of randomized trial. 
  • Prolactin response to electroconvulsive therapy. 
  • Promises and pitfalls of data sharing in qualitative research. 
  • Promoting cognitive health: a formative research collaboration of the healthy aging research network. 
  • Propensity score weighting for causal subgroup analysis. 
  • Propensity score weighting for covariate adjustment in randomized clinical trials. 
  • Proposals of statistical consideration to evaluation of results for a specific region in multi-regional trials--Asian perspective. 
  • Proposed Standardized Neurological Endpoints for Cardiovascular Clinical Trials: An Academic Research Consortium Initiative. 
  • Proposed study designs for approval based on a surrogate endpoint and a post-marketing confirmatory study under FDA's accelerated approval regulations for disease modifying osteoarthritis drugs. 
  • Prostate Cancer Foundation Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer Biomarker Working Group Meeting Summary. 
  • Prostate brachytherapy: a descriptive analysis from CaPSURE. 
  • Protocol for the "Implementation, adoption, and utility of family history in diverse care settings" study. 
  • Psychiatric disorders in adult children of alcoholics: data from the Epidemiologic Catchment Area project. 
  • Psychosocial interventions for disruptive behavioural problems in children living in low- and middle-income countries: study protocol of a systematic review. 
  • Psychosocial treatment strategies in the MTA study: rationale, methods, and critical issues in design and implementation. 
  • Publication Rates of Heart Failure Clinical Trials Remain Low. 
  • Publication trends among internal medicine residents and graduates. 
  • Qualitative analysis of the interdisciplinary interaction between data analysis specialists and novice clinical researchers. 
  • Qualitative evaluation of South Carolina's Postpartum/Infant Home Visit program. 
  • Quality of care by classification of myocardial infarction: treatment patterns for ST-segment elevation vs non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. 
  • Quality of clinical reports on behavioral interventions for hypertension. 
  • Quality of family history collection with use of a patient facing family history assessment tool. 
  • Quality of life after prostate cancer treatment. 
  • Quality of stepped-wedge trial reporting can be reliably assessed using an updated CONSORT: crowd-sourcing systematic review. 
  • Quantification of the contractile response to injury: assessment of the work-length relationship in the intact heart. 
  • Quantifying data quality for clinical trials using electronic data capture. 
  • Quantitative angiogenesis assays: progress and problems. 
  • Quantitative imaging biomarkers: a review of statistical methods for computer algorithm comparisons. 
  • Quantitative imaging biomarkers: a review of statistical methods for technical performance assessment. 
  • Quantitative label-free phosphoproteomics strategy for multifaceted experimental designs. 
  • REPORT-HF: the unique blend of global heart failure registry and longitudinal cohort study. 
  • RSNA Clinical Trials Methodology Workshop. 
  • Racial differences in two self-management hypertension interventions. 
  • Radcliffe ARFID Workgroup: Toward operationalization of research diagnostic criteria and directions for the field. 
  • Radiation Therapy Oncology Group. Research Plan 2002-2006. Cancer Prevention and Control Committee. 
  • Radiation Therapy Oncology Group. Research Plan 2002-2006. Gastrointestinal Cancer Committee. 
  • Radiation Therapy Oncology Group. Research Plan 2002-2006. Genitourinary Cancer Committee. 
  • Radiation Therapy Oncology Group. Research Plan 2002-2006. Outcomes Committee. 
  • Radical radiotherapy versus abdominoperineal resection. 
  • Randomization by cluster. 
  • Randomization procedures for multicomponent behavioral intervention factorial trials in the multiphase optimization strategy framework: challenges and recommendations. 
  • Randomization versus Real-World Evidence. 
  • Randomized Evaluation of the Effects of Anacetrapib through Lipid-modification (REVEAL)-A large-scale, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of the clinical effects of anacetrapib among people with established vascular disease: Trial design, recruitment, and baseline characteristics. 
  • Randomized Trials in Cardiovascular Imaging: Where to Next? 
  • Randomized clinical trial design for assessing noninferiority when superiority is expected. 
  • Randomized phase II trials with a prospective control. 
  • Randomized trial of personal genomics for preventive cardiology: design and challenges. 
  • Rationale and Design for a GRADE Substudy of Continuous Glucose Monitoring. 
  • Rationale and Design of the Lung Cancer Screening Implementation. Evaluation of Patient-Centered Care Study. 
  • Rationale and Design of the VITALITY-HFpEF Trial. 
  • Rationale and design for a cluster randomized quality-improvement trial to increase the uptake of evidence-based therapies for patients at high cardiovascular risk: The BRIDGE-Cardiovascular Prevention trial. 
  • Rationale and design of AXAFA-AFNET 5: an investigator-initiated, randomized, open, blinded outcome assessment, multi-centre trial to comparing continuous apixaban to vitamin K antagonists in patients undergoing atrial fibrillation catheter ablation. 
  • Rationale and design of Apo-I Event Reduction in Ischemic Syndromes I (AEGIS-I): A phase 2b, randomized, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging trial to investigate the safety and tolerability of CSL112, a reconstituted, infusible, human apoA-I, after acute myocardial infarction. 
  • Rationale and design of Patient-centered Retrospective Observation of Guideline-Recommended Execution for Stroke Sufferers in China: China PROGRESS. 
  • Rationale and design of a randomized clinical trial of beta-blocker therapy (atenolol) versus angiotensin II receptor blocker therapy (losartan) in individuals with Marfan syndrome. 
  • Rationale and design of a randomized clinical trial to assess the safety and efficacy of cardiac resynchronization therapy in patients with advanced heart failure: the Multicenter InSync Randomized Clinical Evaluation (MIRACLE). 
  • Rationale and design of a randomized controlled trial of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells in patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy. 
  • Rationale and design of the Acute Study of Clinical Effectiveness of Nesiritide in Decompensated Heart Failure Trial (ASCEND-HF). 
  • Rationale and design of the CONFIRM (COronary CT Angiography EvaluatioN For Clinical Outcomes: An InteRnational Multicenter) Registry. 
  • Rationale and design of the Children's Oncology Group (COG) study ALTE1621: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial to determine if low-dose carvedilol can prevent anthracycline-related left ventricular remodeling in childhood cancer survivors at high risk for developing heart failure. 
  • Rationale and design of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension trial (DASH). A multicenter controlled-feeding study of dietary patterns to lower blood pressure. 
  • Rationale and design of the Duke Electrophysiology Genetic and Genomic Studies (EPGEN) biorepository. 
  • Rationale and design of the Exercise Intensity Trial (EXCITE): A randomized trial comparing the effects of moderate versus moderate to high-intensity aerobic training in women with operable breast cancer. 
  • Rationale and design of the First Brazilian Cardiovascular Registry of Atrial Fibrillation: The RECALL study. 
  • Rationale and design of the GRACE (Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events) Project: a multinational registry of patients hospitalized with acute coronary syndromes. 
  • Rationale and design of the Japan-USA harmonized assessment by randomized, multicenter study of OrbusNEich's combo StEnt (Japan-USA HARMONEE): Assessment of a novel DES platform for percutaneous coronary revascularization in patients with ischemic coronary disease and non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome. 
  • Rationale and design of the MASS COMM trial: A randomized trial to compare percutaneous coronary intervention between MASSachusetts hospitals with cardiac surgery on-site and COMMunity hospitals without cardiac surgery on-site. 
  • Rationale and design of the STeroids to REduce Systemic inflammation after infant heart Surgery (STRESS) trial. 
  • Rationale and design of the Transformative Research in Diabetic Nephropathy (TRIDENT) Study. 
  • Rationale and design of the Vitamin D and Type 2 Diabetes (D2d) study: a diabetes prevention trial. 
  • Rationale and design of the allogeneiC human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) in patients with aging fRAilTy via intravenoUS delivery (CRATUS) study: A phase I/II, randomized, blinded and placebo controlled trial to evaluate the safety and potential efficacy of allogeneic human mesenchymal stem cell infusion in patients with aging frailty. 
  • Rationale and design of the multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the Efficacy of Vasopressin antagonism in Heart Failure: Outcome Study with Tolvaptan (EVEREST). 
  • Rationale and study design for a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the effects of tolvaptan on the acute and chronic outcomes of patients hospitalized with worsening congestive heart failure. 
  • Rationale for use of an exercise end point and design for the ADVANCE (A Dose evaluation of a Vasopressin ANtagonist in CHF patients undergoing Exercise) trial. 
  • Rationale, design and goals of the HeartFlow assessing diagnostic value of non-invasive FFRCT in Coronary Care (ADVANCE) registry. 
  • Rationale, design, and baseline characteristics in Evaluation of LIXisenatide in Acute Coronary Syndrome, a long-term cardiovascular end point trial of lixisenatide versus placebo. 
  • Rationale, design, and baseline characteristics of the CArdiovascular safety and Renal Microvascular outcomE study with LINAgliptin (CARMELINA®): a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial in patients with type 2 diabetes and high cardio-renal risk. 
  • Rationale, design, and methods of the Preschool ADHD Treatment Study (PATS). 
  • Rationale, design, and organization of a randomized, controlled Trial Evaluating Cardiovascular Outcomes with Sitagliptin (TECOS) in patients with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease. 
  • Rationale, design, and protocol for the prevention of low back pain in the military (POLM) trial (NCT00373009). 
  • Rationale, design, methodology, and baseline data of a population-based study in rural China: the Handan Eye Study. 
  • Rationale, objectives and design of the Direct Analysis of Nonvertebral Fracture in the Community Experience (DANCE) study. 
  • Rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. 
  • Re: Kapp editorial IJROBP 35:189-194; 1996. 
  • Real-World Data for Planning Eligibility Criteria and Enhancing Recruitment: Recommendations from the Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative. 
  • Real-World Evidence for Regulatory Decision-Making: Guidance From Around the World. 
  • Reassessing Phase II Heart Failure Clinical Trials: Consensus Recommendations. 
  • Reassessing the Role of Surrogate End Points in Drug Development for Heart Failure. 
  • Recent developments in therapeutic cancer vaccines. 
  • Reclassification of cardiovascular risk using integrated clinical and molecular biosignatures: Design of and rationale for the Measurement to Understand the Reclassification of Disease of Cabarrus and Kannapolis (MURDOCK) Horizon 1 Cardiovascular Disease Study. 
  • Recommendations for Reporting Machine Learning Analyses in Clinical Research. 
  • Recommendations for a Standardized Pulmonary Function Report. An Official American Thoracic Society Technical Statement. 
  • Recommendations for data monitoring committees from the Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative. 
  • Recommendations for depression publications. 
  • Recommendations for depression publications. 
  • Recommendations for depression publications. 
  • Recommendations for high-priority research on cancer-related fatigue in children and adults. 
  • Recommendations for incorporating patient-reported outcomes into clinical comparative effectiveness research in adult oncology. 
  • Recommendations for minimum information for publication of experimental pathology data: MINPEPA guidelines. 
  • Recommendations for myasthenia gravis clinical trials. 
  • Recommendations for scientific reports on depression. 
  • Recommendations for the conduct of economic evaluations in osteoporosis: outcomes of an experts' consensus meeting organized by the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) and the US branch of the International Osteoporosis Foundation. 
  • Recommendations for the nomenclature of cognitive change associated with anaesthesia and surgery-2018. 
  • Recommendations for the registration of agents for prevention and treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis: an update from the Group for the Respect of Ethics and Excellence in Science. 
  • Recommendations from overweight youth regarding school-based weight control programs. 
  • Reconsidering somatic presentation of generalized anxiety disorder in Nepal. 
  • Recruiting young adults into a weight loss trial: report of protocol development and recruitment results. 
  • Recruitment of African American women to a walking program: eligibility, ineligibility, and attrition during screening. 
  • Recruitment of Patients With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis for Clinical Trials and Epidemiological Studies: Descriptive Study of the National ALS Registry's Research Notification Mechanism. 
  • Recruitment of rural and cognitively impaired older adults for dental research. 
  • Reducing patient eligibility criteria in cancer clinical trials. 
  • Reducing the costs of phase III cardiovascular clinical trials. 
  • Reducing the global burden of Preterm Birth through knowledge transfer and exchange: a research agenda for engaging effectively with policymakers. 
  • Refining Prognosis in Lung Cancer: A Report on the Quality and Relevance of Clinical Prognostic Tools. 
  • Refining a checklist for reporting patient populations and service characteristics in hospice and palliative care research. 
  • Reflections 1 year into the 21-Center National Institutes of Health--funded WRIST study: a primer on conducting a multicenter clinical trial. 
  • Regional systems of care demonstration project: Mission: Lifeline STEMI Systems Accelerator: design and methodology. 
  • Registry-based randomized clinical trials--a new clinical trial paradigm. 
  • Registry-based trials: a potential model for cost savings? 
  • Regression to the Mean: A Commonly Overlooked and Misunderstood Factor Leading to Unjustified Conclusions in Pediatric Obesity Research. 
  • Rejoinder. 
  • Relapse of depression after electroconvulsive therapy. 
  • Relationship of Indoor, Outdoor and Personal Air (RIOPA) study: study design, methods and quality assurance/control results. 
  • Religion, spirituality, and medicine: how are they related and what does it mean? 
  • Religious perspectives of doctors, nurses, patients, and families. 
  • Repeated ketamine infusions for antidepressant-resistant PTSD: Methods of a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. 
  • Reperfusion of acute myocardial infarction in North Carolina emergency departments (RACE): study design. 
  • Replicating rather than nonreplicating adenovirus-human immunodeficiency virus recombinant vaccines are better at eliciting potent cellular immunity and priming high-titer antibodies. 
  • Reply to "Critical Review of the Literature on Chest CT and Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): Data Adjustment". 
  • Reply to L.K. Mell et al. 
  • Reply to Phillips, Morris, and Walker. 
  • Reply: To PMID 22581550. 
  • Report by the ACNP Task Force on response and remission in major depressive disorder. 
  • Report from the working group conference on multisite trial design for cognitive remediation in schizophrenia. 
  • Report of the 16th International Symposium of the Foundation for Promotion of Cancer Research: Recent advances in pancreatic cancer. 
  • Report of the NIH Task Force on Research Standards for Chronic Low Back Pain. 
  • Report of the NIH Task Force on research standards for chronic low back pain. 
  • Report of the NIH Task Force on research standards for chronic low back pain. 
  • Report of the NIH Task Force on research standards for chronic low back pain. 
  • Report of the NIH task force on research standards for chronic low back pain. 
  • Report of the national institute on aging task force on comorbidity. 
  • Reporting Standards for Research in Psychology: Why Do We Need Them? What Might They Be? 
  • Reporting and Guidelines in Propensity Score Analysis: A Systematic Review of Cancer and Cancer Surgical Studies. 
  • Reporting and representation of race/ethnicity in published randomized trials. 
  • Reporting of harm in randomized controlled trials published in the urological literature. 
  • Research Methods in Healthcare Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Stewardship-Mathematical Modeling. 
  • Research Priorities in the Secondary Prevention of Atrial Fibrillation: A National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Virtual Workshop Report. 
  • Research Techniques Made Simple: Developing and Validating QOL Outcome Measures for Skin Diseases. 
  • Research challenges for electronic health records. 
  • Research design considerations for chronic pain prevention clinical trials: IMMPACT recommendations. 
  • Research design considerations for confirmatory chronic pain clinical trials: IMMPACT recommendations. 
  • Research design features and patient characteristics associated with the outcome of antidepressant clinical trials. 
  • Research design in end-of-life research: state of science. 
  • Research in nursing education and the institutional review board/ethics committee. 
  • Research issues in psychological studies of chronic dialysis. 
  • Research issues in the study of difficult-to-treat depression. 
  • Research needs in antibiotic stewardship. 
  • Research on vaccines during pregnancy: protocol design and assessment of safety. 
  • Research participants' high expectations of benefit in early-phase oncology trials: are we asking the right question? 
  • Research priorities in adolescent psychiatry: report of the committee on research of the American Society for Adolescent Psychiatry. 
  • Research priorities in cancer cachexia: The University of Rochester Cancer Center NCI Community Oncology Research Program Research Base Symposium on Cancer Cachexia and Sarcopenia. 
  • Research review: DSM-V conduct disorder: research needs for an evidence base. 
  • Research training program: Duke University and Brazilian Society of Cardiology. 
  • Research with spanish-speaking populations in the United States: lost in the translation. A commentary and a plea. 
  • Researching Litigation: The Medical Malpractice Example 
  • Responding to signals of mental and behavioral health risk in pragmatic clinical trials: Ethical obligations in a healthcare ecosystem. 
  • Response rates to a mailed survey targeting childhood cancer survivors: a comparison of conditional versus unconditional incentives. 
  • Response to "The need for logical application-based extensions in sickle cell disease research findings to changing lives in the ethnic context". 
  • Responses of mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia to escitalopram treatment: background, design, and method for the Responses of Mental Stress Induced Myocardial Ischemia to Escitalopram Treatment trial. 
  • Results of a reevaluation of cardiovascular outcomes in the RECORD trial. 
  • Rethinking randomized clinical trials for comparative effectiveness research: the need for transformational change. 
  • Review of Recent Methodological Developments in Group-Randomized Trials: Part 1-Design. 
  • Review of Recent Methodological Developments in Group-Randomized Trials: Part 2-Analysis. 
  • Review of comparative effectiveness of treatments to prevent fractures. 
  • Revisiting the Quality of Reporting Randomized Controlled Trials in Nursing Literature. 
  • Revisiting the four core functions (4Cs) of primary care: operational definitions and complexities. 
  • Rigor and reproducibility in research with transcranial electrical stimulation: An NIMH-sponsored workshop. 
  • Riluzole for the treatment of acute traumatic spinal cord injury: rationale for and design of the NACTN Phase I clinical trial. 
  • Risk stratification in acute heart failure: rationale and design of the STRATIFY and DECIDE studies. 
  • Rivaroxaban-once daily, oral, direct factor Xa inhibition compared with vitamin K antagonism for prevention of stroke and Embolism Trial in Atrial Fibrillation: rationale and design of the ROCKET AF study. 
  • Robust statistical inference for matched win statistics. 
  • Role orientation and community pharmacists' participation in a project to improve patient care. 
  • Round Trip: An Automated Pipeline for Experimental Design, Execution, and Analysis. 
  • SCORE Study report 3: study design and baseline characteristics. 
  • SGO guidance document for clinical trial designs in ovarian cancer: a changing paradigm. 
  • SMARTer discontinuation trial designs for developing an adaptive treatment strategy. 
  • SMBE proposal to the government of Japan. 
  • SQUIRE Guidelines for reporting improvement studies in healthcare: implications for nursing publications. 
  • STAR*D: what have we learned? 
  • STrengthening the REporting of Genetic Association studies (STREGA): an extension of the STROBE Statement. 
  • SYNTAX Score and Long-Term Outcomes: The BARI-2D Trial. 
  • Safety and efficacy of sertraline for depression in patients with CHF (SADHART-CHF): a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of sertraline for major depression with congestive heart failure. 
  • Safety, dosing, and pharmaceutical quality for studies that evaluate medicinal products (including biological products) in neonates. 
  • Sample size calculation for cluster randomization trials with a time-to-event endpoint. 
  • Sample size calculation for clustered survival data under subunit randomization. 
  • Sample size calculation for microarray experiments with blocked one-way design. 
  • Sample size calculation for simulation-based multiple-testing procedures. 
  • Sample size calculation for weighted rank tests comparing survival distributions under cluster randomization: a simulation method. 
  • Sample size calculations for the design of cluster randomized trials: A summary of methodology. 
  • Sample size considerations of prediction-validation methods in high-dimensional data for survival outcomes. 
  • Sample size determination for GEE analyses of stepped wedge cluster randomized trials. 
  • Sample size determination for comparing several survival curves with unequal allocations. 
  • Sample size estimation based on event data for a two-stage survival adaptive trial with different durations. 
  • Sample size estimation for GEE method for comparing slopes in repeated measurements data. 
  • Sample size estimation of multiregional clinical trials with heterogeneous variability across regions. 
  • Sample size for biomarker studies: more subjects or more measurements per subject? 
  • Sample size for comparing correlated concordance rates. 
  • Sample size re-estimation in clinical trials. 
  • Sample size requirement in analytical studies for similarity assessment. 
  • Sample size requirements and length of study for testing interaction in a 2 x k factorial design when time-to-failure is the outcome [corrected]. 
  • Sample size requirements for detecting treatment effect heterogeneity in cluster randomized trials. 
  • Sarcopenia: designing phase IIB trials. 
  • Scaling-Up Stage 4 Pediatric Obesity Clinics: Identifying Barriers and Future Directions Using Implementation Science. 
  • Science of Improvement Versus Science of Implementation: Integrating Both Into Clinical Inquiry. 
  • Scientific considerations for evaluating cancer bioassays conducted by the Ramazzini Institute. 
  • Scientific factors and current issues in biosimilar studies. 
  • Score and deviance residuals based on the full likelihood approach in survival analysis. 
  • Score-based adjustment for confounding by population stratification in genetic association studies. 
  • Scoring Interpersonal Violence Measures: Methodological Considerations. 
  • Scrutinizing enrollment in ALS clinical trials: room for improvement? 
  • Seamless Phase IIa/IIb and enhanced dose-finding adaptive design. 
  • Secondary analysis of case-control association studies: Insights on weighting-based inference motivate a new specification test. 
  • Secondary prevention risk interventions via telemedicine and tailored patient education (SPRITE): a randomized trial to improve postmyocardial infarction management. 
  • Selecting methodologies for the evaluation of differences in time to response between antidepressants. 
  • Selective decontamination of digestive tract in intensive care. 
  • Self-management of fibromyalgia: the role of formal coping skills training and physical exercise training programs. 
  • Semiparametric tests for identifying differentially methylated loci with case-control designs using Illumina arrays. 
  • Sensible approaches for reducing clinical trial costs. 
  • Sequenced treatment alternatives to relieve depression (STAR*D): rationale and design. 
  • Sequential clinical trials in cancer research. 
  • Sequential psychological and pharmacological therapies for comorbid and primary insomnia: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. 
  • Sequential, Multiple-Assignment, Randomized Trials for COMparing Personalized Antibiotic StrategieS (SMART-COMPASS). 
  • Serial dilution curve: a new method for analysis of reverse phase protein array data. 
  • Sertraline and the Cheshire cat in geriatric depression. 
  • Seven unconfirmed ideas to improve future ICU practice. 
  • Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2, COVID-19, and the Renin-Angiotensin System: Pressing Needs and Best Research Practices. 
  • Severe coronary artery disease: is there a place for percutaneous coronary intervention? 
  • Severity of symptoms in chronically institutionalized geriatric schizophrenic patients. 
  • Sex and gender in psychoneuroimmunology research: past, present and future. 
  • Sexual function in women with urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse. 
  • Sexual functioning along the cancer continuum: focus group results from the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS®). 
  • Sham Surgery Studies in Orthopaedic Surgery May Just Be a Sham: A Systematic Review of Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trials. 
  • Shared decision-making in end-stage renal disease: a protocol for a multi-center study of a communication intervention to improve end-of-life care for dialysis patients. 
  • Short-course androgen ablation combined with external-beam radiation therapy and low-dose-rate permanent brachytherapy in early-stage prostate cancer: a matched subset analysis. 
  • Should academic medical centers conduct clinical trials of the efficacy of intercessory prayer? 
  • Should age-period-cohort studies return to the methodologies of the 1970s? 
  • Should structural interventions be evaluated using RCTs? The case of HIV prevention. 
  • Simulating natural conditions in the laboratory: a re-examination of sexual isolation between sympatric and allopatric populations of Drosophila pseudoobscura and D. persimilis. 
  • Singapore Malay Eye Study: rationale and methodology of 6-year follow-up study (SiMES-2). 
  • Site Variability in Regulatory Oversight for an International Study of Pediatric Sepsis. 
  • Site selection in global clinical trials in patients hospitalized for heart failure: perceived problems and potential solutions. 
  • Siyaphambili protocol: An evaluation of randomized, nurse-led adaptive HIV treatment interventions for cisgender female sex workers living with HIV in Durban, South Africa. 
  • Smartphone ECG for evaluation of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI): Design of the ST LEUIS International Multicenter Study. 
  • Social support in social interaction: a moderator of cardiovascular reactivity. 
  • Society of Interventional Radiology Reporting Standards for Thoracic Central Vein Obstruction: Endorsed by the American Society of Diagnostic and Interventional Nephrology (ASDIN), British Society of Interventional Radiology (BSIR), Canadian Interventional Radiology Association (CIRA), Heart Rhythm Society (HRS), Indian Society of Vascular and Interventional Radiology (ISVIR), Vascular Access Society of the Americas (VASA), and Vascular Access Society of Britain and Ireland (VASBI). 
  • Socioeconomic influences on coronary heart disease in black populations. 
  • Source of parental reports of child height and weight during phone interviews and influence on obesity prevalence estimates among children aged 3-17 years. 
  • Special care unit research: ethical issues. 
  • Stage III lung cancer: two or three modalities? The continued role of thoracic radiotherapy. 
  • Stakeholder Engagement in Pragmatic Clinical Trials: Emphasizing Relationships to Improve Pain Management Delivery and Outcomes. 
  • Stakeholder views on returning research results. 
  • Standardization of the single-breath diffusing capacity in a multicenter clinical trial. 
  • Standardized reporting criteria for studies evaluating suspected acute heart failure syndromes in the emergency department. 
  • Standardized reporting of bleeding complications for clinical investigations in acute coronary syndromes: a proposal from the academic bleeding consensus (ABC) multidisciplinary working group. 
  • Standards for the function of an academic 12-lead electrocardiographic core laboratory. 
  • Statins in adult patients with HIV: Protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis. 
  • Statistical Considerations for Subgroup Analyses. 
  • Statistical Evaluation of Clinical Trials Under COVID-19 Pandemic. 
  • Statistical Issues in Testing Conformance with the Quantitative Imaging Biomarker Alliance (QIBA) Profile Claims. 
  • Statistical analysis for two-stage seamless design with different study endpoints. 
  • Statistical aspect of translational and correlative studies in clinical trials. 
  • Statistical assessment of QT/QTc prolongation based on maximum of correlated normal random variables. 
  • Statistical challenges in preprocessing in microarray experiments in cancer. 
  • Statistical consideration of adaptive methods in clinical development. 
  • Statistical evaluation of the scaled criterion for drug interchangeability. 
  • Statistical inference for clinical trials with binary responses when there is a shift in patient population. 
  • Statistical interpretation of the RV144 HIV vaccine efficacy trial in Thailand: a case study for statistical issues in efficacy trials. 
  • Statistical issues and advances in cancer precision medicine research. 
  • Statistical issues for design and analysis of single-arm multi-stage phase II cancer clinical trials. 
  • Statistical issues in quality-of-life assessment. 
  • Statistical issues in the comparison of quantitative imaging biomarker algorithms using pulmonary nodule volume as an example. 
  • Statistical issues in translational cancer research. 
  • Statistical lessons learned for designing cluster randomized pragmatic clinical trials from the NIH Health Care Systems Collaboratory Biostatistics and Design Core. 
  • Statistical methods for bridging studies. 
  • Statistical methods for two-sequence three-period cross-over designs with incomplete data. 
  • Statistical methods in translational medicine. 
  • Statistical quality control process for traditional Chinese medicine. 
  • Statistical tests for one-way/two-way translation in translational medicine. 
  • Stimulant reduction intervention using dosed exercise (STRIDE) - CTN 0037: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. 
  • Stochastic variation in network epidemic models: implications for the design of community level HIV prevention trials. 
  • Stop Hypertension with the Acupuncture Research Program (SHARP): clinical trial design and screening results. 
  • Strategic science for eating disorders research and policy impact. 
  • Strategies for research participant engagement: A synthetic review and conceptual framework. 
  • Strategies for supporting intervention fidelity in the rehabilitation therapy in older acute heart failure patients (REHAB-HF) trial. 
  • Strategy for investigating interactions between measured genes and measured environments. 
  • Streamlining the institutional review board process in pragmatic randomized clinical trials: challenges and lessons learned from the Aspirin Dosing: A Patient-centric Trial Assessing Benefits and Long-Term Effectiveness (ADAPTABLE) trial. 
  • Strength and safety in numbers: considering the social implications of regulatory focus. 
  • Strengthening Referral Networks for Management of Hypertension Across the Health System (STRENGTHS) in western Kenya: a study protocol of a cluster randomized trial. 
  • Structural and reliability analysis of a patient satisfaction with cancer-related care measure: a multisite patient navigation research program study. 
  • Study Design and Rationale for the Phase 3 Clinical Development Program of Enobosarm, a Selective Androgen Receptor Modulator, for the Prevention and Treatment of Muscle Wasting in Cancer Patients (POWER Trials). 
  • Study Design and Rationale: A Multicenter, Prospective Trial of Electromagnetic Bronchoscopic and Electromagnetic Transthoracic Navigational Approaches for the Biopsy of Peripheral Pulmonary Nodules (ALL IN ONE Trial). 
  • Study design and protocol for a theory-based behavioral intervention focusing on maintenance of weight loss: the Maintenance After Initiation of Nutrition TrAINing (MAINTAIN) study. 
  • Study design elements for rigorous quasi-experimental comparative effectiveness research. 
  • Study design for genetic analysis in the Jackson Heart Study. 
  • Study designs and analytic strategies for environmental and policy research on obesity, physical activity, and diet: recommendations from a meeting of experts. 
  • Study of the media's potential influence on prospective research participants' understanding of and motivations for participation in a high-profile phase I trial. 
  • Study on Incentives for Glaucoma Medication Adherence (SIGMA): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial to increase glaucoma medication adherence using value pricing. 
  • Study protocol for a cohort study of patients with advanced heart failure in Singapore. 
  • Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial of cognitive processing therapy for post-traumatic stress disorder among Japanese patients: the Safety, Power, Intimacy, Esteem, Trust (SPINET) study. 
  • Study protocol: Couples Partnering for Lipid Enhancing Strategies (CouPLES) - a randomized, controlled trial. 
  • Study protocol: the Adherence and Intensification of Medications (AIM) study--a cluster randomized controlled effectiveness study. 
  • Studying human fertility and environmental exposures. 
  • Studying surgical innovations: challenges of the randomized controlled trial. 
  • Subgroup balancing propensity score. 
  • Suggested guidelines for reporting results of Web-based surveys in the Archives. 
  • Summary of FDA antibody-mediated rejection workshop. 
  • Summary: present and future challenges for stem cell research. 
  • Surgery. Translating trials to clinical practice in cardiac surgery. 
  • Surrogates, substudies, and real clinical end points in trials of drug-eluting stents. 
  • Survey methodology for the uninitiated. 
  • Survival-related Selection Bias in Studies of Racial Health Disparities: The Importance of the Target Population and Study Design. 
  • Sustainability and performance of the National Cancer Institute's Community Clinical Oncology Program. 
  • Symptom experiences of children and adolescents with cancer. 
  • Synthesising evidence regarding hospital to home transitions supported by volunteers of third sector organisations: a scoping review protocol. 
  • Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised, Other-than-Placebo Controlled, Trials of Individualised Homeopathic Treatment. 
  • Systematic Review and Meta-analysis: An Empirical Approach to Defining Treatment Response and Remission in Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. 
  • Systematic literature review: quality of life associated with insulin pump use in Type 1 diabetes. 
  • Systematic review and consensus definitions for the Standardised Endpoints in Perioperative Medicine (StEP) initiative: patient comfort. 
  • Systematic review and consensus definitions for the Standardized Endpoints in Perioperative Medicine (StEP) initiative: cardiovascular outcomes. 
  • Systematic reviews of workplace injury interventions: what are we missing? 
  • Systemic immunization with an ALVAC-HIV-1/protein boost vaccine strategy protects rhesus macaques from CD4+ T-cell loss and reduces both systemic and mucosal simian-human immunodeficiency virus SHIVKU2 RNA levels. 
  • TRIal to slow the Progression Of Diabetes (TRIPOD): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial using wireless technology and incentives. 
  • Tailoring nutrition therapy to illness and recovery. 
  • Taking ACTION to reduce pain: ACTION study rationale, design and protocol of a randomized trial of a proactive telephone-based coaching intervention for chronic musculoskeletal pain among African Americans. 
  • Targeting the kidney in acute heart failure: can old drugs provide new benefit? Renal Optimization Strategies Evaluation in Acute Heart Failure (ROSE AHF) trial. 
  • Task Force on Strategic Research Direction: Basic Science Subgroup key science topics report. 
  • Task force 2: Investigator participation in clinical research. 
  • Team Science Approach to Developing Consensus on Research Good Practices for Practice-Based Research Networks: A Case Study. 
  • Technology-Enabled Clinical Trials: Transforming Medical Evidence Generation. 
  • Telephone-based goal management training for adults with mild traumatic brain injury: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. 
  • Tension-free inguinal hernia repair: the design of a trial to compare open and laparoscopic surgical techniques. 
  • Testing Robustness of Child STEPs Effects with Children and Adolescents: A Randomized Controlled Effectiveness Trial. 
  • Testing a test: a report card for DWI in acute stroke. 
  • Testing efficacy with detection controlled estimation: an application to telemedicine. 
  • Testing fine motor coordination via telehealth: Effects of video characteristics on reliability and validity. 
  • Testing small study effects in multivariate meta-analysis. 
  • Tests for inter-subject and total variabilities under crossover designs. 
  • Texas Medication Algorithm Project, phase 3 (TMAP-3): rationale and study design. 
  • Texas Medication Algorithm Project: definitions, rationale, and methods to develop medication algorithms. 
  • Tezosentan in patients with acute heart failure: design of the Value of Endothelin Receptor Inhibition with Tezosentan in Acute heart failure Study (VERITAS). 
  • The 2009 Feinberg lecture: the continuum of stroke research and policy. 
  • The A-to-Z Trial: Methods and rationale for a single trial investigating combined use of low-molecular-weight heparin with the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor tirofiban and defining the efficacy of early aggressive simvastatin therapy. 
  • The ADAPTABLE Trial and Aspirin Dosing in Secondary Prevention for Patients with Coronary Artery Disease. 
  • The AGING Initiative experience: a call for sustained support for team science networks. 
  • The Added Value of Analyzing Pooled Health-Related Quality of Life Data: A Review of the EORTC PROBE Initiative. 
  • The Adherence eValuation After Ischemic Stroke Longitudinal (AVAIL) registry: design, rationale, and baseline patient characteristics. 
  • The Aging, Demographics, and Memory Study: study design and methods. 
  • The American College of Rheumatology response criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus clinical trials: measures of overall disease activity. 
  • The American Heart Association's principles for comparative effectiveness research: a policy statement from the American Heart Association. 
  • The Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia: reliability, sensitivity, and comparison with a standard neurocognitive battery. 
  • The Carotid Occlusion Surgery Study. 
  • The Cholesterol, Hypertension, and Glucose Education (CHANGE) study for African Americans with diabetes: study design and methodology. 
  • The Congenital Heart Technical Skill Study: Rationale and Design. 
  • The DASH Diet, Sodium Intake and Blood Pressure Trial (DASH-sodium): rationale and design. DASH-Sodium Collaborative Research Group. 
  • The Design of a Randomized Trial of Vaginal Surgery for Uterovaginal Prolapse: Vaginal Hysterectomy With Native Tissue Vault Suspension Versus Mesh Hysteropexy Suspension (The Study of Uterine Prolapse Procedures Randomized Trial). 
  • The ECG Belt for CRT response trial: Design and clinical protocol. 
  • The ERP omitted stimulus response to "no-stim" events and its implications for fast-rate event-related fMRI designs. 
  • The FDA-NIMH-MATRICS guidelines for clinical trial design of cognitive-enhancing drugs: what do we know 5 years later? 
  • The Genomic Medicine Integrative Research Framework: A Conceptual Framework for Conducting Genomic Medicine Research. 
  • The Georgia Centenarian Study: comments from friends. 
  • The Geriatric Emergency Care Applied Research (GEAR) network approach: a protocol to advance stakeholder consensus and research priorities in geriatrics and dementia care in the emergency department. 
  • The Global Spine Care Initiative: methodology, contributors, and disclosures. 
  • The Harmonizing Outcomes with RevasculariZatiON and Stents in Acute Myocardial Infarction (HORIZONS-AMI) Trial: study design and rationale. 
  • The Healthy Home Offerings via the Mealtime Environment (HOME) Plus study: design and methods. 
  • The Impact of a Rigorous Quality Program on 3D Echocardiography Data Quality in an International Multisite Randomized Trial. 
  • The Initiation Management Predischarge Process for Assessment of Carvedilol Therapy for Heart Failure (IMPACT-HF) Study: design and implications. 
  • The Landscape of Cardiovascular Clinical Trials in the United States Initiated Before and During COVID-19. 
  • The MedSeq Project: a randomized trial of integrating whole genome sequencing into clinical medicine. 
  • The NCI Biomedical Imaging Program: five-year progress report. 
  • The NEIGHBOR consortium primary open-angle glaucoma genome-wide association study: rationale, study design, and clinical variables. 
  • The NIMH Epidemiologic Catchment Area program. Historical context, major objectives, and study population characteristics. 
  • The National Lung Screening Trial: overview and study design. 
  • The National MDS Natural History Study: design of an integrated data and sample biorepository to promote research studies in myelodysplastic syndromes. 
  • The Ocular Hypertension Treatment Study: design and baseline description of the participants. 
  • The PARACHUTE IV trial design and rationale: percutaneous ventricular restoration using the parachute device in patients with ischemic heart failure and dilated left ventricles. 
  • The PLATO trial reveals further opportunities to improve outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Editorial on Serebruany. "Viewpoint: Paradoxical excess mortality in the PLATO trial should be independently verified" (Thromb Haemost 2011; 105.5). 
  • The PROTEUS-Trials Consortium: Optimizing the use of patient-reported outcomes in clinical trials. 
  • The PRoject of Ex-vivo Vein graft ENgineering via Transfection IV (PREVENT IV) trial: study rationale, design, and baseline patient characteristics. 
  • The Population Burden of Chronic Symptoms that Substantially Predate the Diagnosis of a Life-Limiting Illness. 
  • The Pragmatic-Explanatory Continuum Indicator Summary (PRECIS) instrument was useful for refining a randomized trial design: experiences from an investigative team. 
  • The Prospective Pediatric Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (ppCRRT) Registry: design, development and data assessed. 
  • The Prostate cancer Intervention Versus Observation Trial:VA/NCI/AHRQ Cooperative Studies Program #407 (PIVOT): design and baseline results of a randomized controlled trial comparing radical prostatectomy to watchful waiting for men with clinically localized prostate cancer. 
  • The REduction of Atherothrombosis for Continued Health (REACH) Registry: an international, prospective, observational investigation in subjects at risk for atherothrombotic events-study design. 
  • The Refractory Overactive Bladder: Sacral NEuromodulation vs. BoTulinum Toxin Assessment: ROSETTA trial. 
  • The STARD statement for reporting diagnostic accuracy studies: application to the history and physical examination. 
  • The Schizophrenia Cognition Rating Scale: an interview-based assessment and its relationship to cognition, real-world functioning, and functional capacity. 
  • The Self-Management of OsteoArthritis in Veterans (SeMOA) Study: design and methodology. 
  • The Stanley Foundation Bipolar Network. I. Rationale and methods. 
  • The Stanley Foundation Bipolar Treatment Outcome Network. I. Longitudinal methodology. 
  • The Study of Neurocognitive Outcomes, Radiological and Retinal Effects of Aspirin in Sleep Apnoea- rationale and methodology of the SNORE-ASA study. 
  • The Study of the Effects of Diet on Metabolism and Nutrition (STEDMAN) weight loss project: Rationale and design. 
  • The TALKS study to improve communication, logistical, and financial barriers to live donor kidney transplantation in African Americans: protocol of a randomized clinical trial. 
  • The Take Control of Your Blood pressure (TCYB) study: study design and methodology. 
  • The Tuskegee Legacy Project: history, preliminary scientific findings, and unanticipated societal benefits. 
  • The Warfarin and Antiplatelet Therapy in Heart Failure trial (WATCH): rationale, design, and baseline patient characteristics. 
  • The age at onset of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. 
  • The association of marital/partner status with patient-reported health outcomes following acute myocardial infarction or stroke: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. 
  • The atrial FibriLlatiOn real World management registry in the Middle East and Africa: design and rationale. 
  • The bias against integrated thoracic surgery residency applicants during general surgery interviews. 
  • The bias busters. 
  • The case for practical clinical trials in psychiatry. 
  • The challenge of systematic reviews of diagnostic and staging studies in cancer. 
  • The challenges of data safety monitoring for a pragmatic study: Lessons from the ADAPTABLE study. 
  • The clinician as investigator: participating in clinical trials in the practice setting: Appendix 1: fundamentals of study design. 
  • The clinician as investigator: participating in clinical trials in the practice setting: Appendix 2: statistical concepts in study design and analysis. 
  • The contributions of Jeanne Altmann. 
  • The control group dilemma in clinical research: applications for psychosocial and behavioral medicine trials. 
  • The critical use of population-based medical databases for prostate cancer research. 
  • The design and evaluation of HIV-1 vaccines. 
  • The design of an industry-sponsored randomized controlled trial to compare synthetic mesh versus biologic mesh for inguinal hernia repair. 
  • The development of children's ideal and ought self-guides: parenting, temperament, and individual differences in guide strength. 
  • The double-blind in danger: untoward consequences of informed consent. 
  • The early glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibition in non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (EARLY ACS) trial: a randomized placebo-controlled trial evaluating the clinical benefits of early front-loaded eptifibatide in the treatment of patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome--study design and rationale. 
  • The economic returns of pediatric clinical trials of antihypertensive drugs. 
  • The effect of chiropractic treatment on the reaction and response times of special operation forces military personnel: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. 
  • The effectiveness of mental health consultation and referral in ambulatory primary care: a research lacuna. 
  • The effectiveness of the peer delivered Thinking Healthy Plus (THPP+) Programme for maternal depression and child socio-emotional development in Pakistan: study protocol for a three-year cluster randomized controlled trial. 
  • The effects of cardioplegic potassium concentration and myocardial temperature on electrical activity in the heart during elective cardioplegic arrest. 
  • The exclusion of women from clinical trials of thrombolytic therapy: implications for developing the thrombolytic predictive instrument database. 
  • The family as a unit of analysis: strategies for the nurse researcher. 
  • The feasibility of a randomised, placebo-controlled clinical trial of homeopathic treatment of depression in general practice. 
  • The first step to integrating the child's voice in adverse event reporting in oncology trials: a content validation study among pediatric oncology clinicians. 
  • The future of clinical trials in secondary prevention after acute coronary syndromes. 
  • The happiness syndrome: methodological and substantive issues in the study of social-psychological well-being in adulthood. 
  • The healthy men study: design and recruitment considerations for environmental epidemiologic studies in male reproductive health. 
  • The hind- and midfoot alignment computed after a medializing calcaneal osteotomy using a 3D weightbearing CT. 
  • The impact of dermatology in premier medicine journals. 
  • The impact of sharing results of a randomized breast cancer clinical trial with study participants. 
  • The impact of the CONSORT statement on reporting of randomized clinical trials in psychiatry. 
  • The importance of defining light parameters in chronobiological studies. 
  • The importance of identifying and validating prognostic factors in oncology. 
  • The importance of studying history: lessons learnt from a trial of tacrolimus in myasthenia gravis. 
  • The infant aphakia treatment study: design and clinical measures at enrollment. 
  • The international suicide prevention trial (interSePT): rationale and design of a trial comparing the relative ability of clozapine and olanzapine to reduce suicidal behavior in schizophrenia and schizoaffective patients. 
  • The keys to healthy family child care homes intervention: study design and rationale. 
  • The mechanisms of manual therapy in the treatment of musculoskeletal pain: a comprehensive model. 
  • The opioid use disorder core outcomes set (OUD-COS) for treatment research: findings from a Delphi consensus study. 
  • The pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder treatment study: rationale, design, and methods. 
  • The process of bringing new drug-eluting stents to market will they see the light of day? 
  • The promise of the state space approach to time series analysis for nursing research. 
  • The providing resources to enhance African American patients' readiness to make decisions about kidney disease (PREPARED) study: protocol of a randomized controlled trial. 
  • The quality imperative for palliative care. 
  • The randomized placebo-phase design for clinical trials. 
  • The rationale and design of the AASK cohort study. 
  • The rationale and design of the Surgical Treatment for Ischemic Heart Failure (STICH) trial. 
  • The results of a randomized controlled trial of hydrocortisone in acute exacerbation of COPD. 
  • The review process fails to require appropriate statistical analysis of a group-randomized trial. 
  • The role of frontal lobe functioning in the development of infant self-regulatory behavior. 
  • The strengths and limitations of meta-analyses based on aggregate data. 
  • The study of LoSmapimod treatment on inflammation and InfarCtSizE (SOLSTICE): design and rationale. 
  • The study of nevi in British twins: study design and description of the data set. 
  • The top clinical trial opportunities in therapeutic apheresis and neurology. 
  • The touch that heals: the uses and meanings of touch in the clinical encounter. 
  • The treatment of chronic depression, part 1: study design and rationale for evaluating the comparative efficacy of sertraline and imipramine as acute, crossover, continuation, and maintenance phase therapies. 
  • The trials and tribulations of enrolling couples in a randomized, controlled trial: a self-management program for hyperlipidemia as a model. 
  • The tube versus trabeculectomy study: design and baseline characteristics of study patients. 
  • The uncertainty principle and industry-sponsored research. 
  • The use of high-fidelity human patient simulation as an evaluative tool in the development of clinical research protocols and procedures. 
  • The use of mental health measures in nursing home research. 
  • The use of patient-reported outcomes (PRO) within comparative effectiveness research: implications for clinical practice and health care policy. 
  • The use of the case-crossover design in studying illicit drug use. 
  • The value of statistical analysis plans in observational research: defining high-quality research from the start. 
  • Theory and methods in cultural neuroscience. 
  • Thoughtful selection and use of scientific terms in clinical research: the case of 'pragmatic' trials. 
  • Throwing out the baby with the bathwater?: Comparing 2 approaches to implausible values of change in body size. 
  • Thymectomy for myasthenia gravis: evaluation requires controlled prospective studies. 
  • Ticagrelor versus clopidogrel after fibrinolytic therapy in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction: Rationale and design of the ticagrelor in patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction treated with thrombolysis (TREAT) trial. 
  • Time to discontinuation of atypical versus typical antipsychotics in the naturalistic treatment of schizophrenia. 
  • Time-dependent analysis in CHF follow-up. 
  • Timing of surgery and radiotherapy in the management of metastatic spine disease: a systematic review. 
  • Timing, delays and pathways to diagnosis of endometriosis: a scoping review protocol. 
  • Tolerability of the Oscar 2 ambulatory blood pressure monitor among research participants: a cross-sectional repeated measures study. 
  • Tool for evaluating research implementation challenges: a sense-making protocol for addressing implementation challenges in complex research settings. 
  • Topological Data Analysis Approaches to Uncovering the Timing of Ring Structure Onset in Filamentous Networks 
  • Towards establishing indicative values for metabolites of organophosphate ester contaminants in human urine. 
  • Towards prevention of post-traumatic osteoarthritis: report from an international expert working group on considerations for the design and conduct of interventional studies following acute knee injury. 
  • Transoral resection of pharyngeal cancer: summary of a National Cancer Institute Head and Neck Cancer Steering Committee Clinical Trials Planning Meeting, November 6-7, 2011, Arlington, Virginia. 
  • Transparency and reproducibility in evolutionary research. 
  • Transparent and accurate reporting increases reliability, utility, and impact of your research: reporting guidelines and the EQUATOR Network. 
  • Trauma-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder in three-through six year-old children: a randomized clinical trial. 
  • Treatment approaches to juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) across North America: The Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance (CARRA) JDM Treatment Survey. 
  • Treatment for Adolescents With Depression Study (TADS): rationale, design, and methods. 
  • Treatment of bacterial prostatitis. Comparison of cephalexin and minocycline. 
  • Treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in children: TONIC trial design. 
  • Treatment of patients with pineoblastoma with high dose cyclophosphamide. 
  • Treatment of post-stroke depression with antidepressants. 
  • Treatment with adenosine diphosphate receptor inhibitors-longitudinal assessment of treatment patterns and events after acute coronary syndrome (TRANSLATE-ACS) study design: expanding the paradigm of longitudinal observational research. 
  • Trial Design and Objectives for Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: Updated Recommendations From the Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials Working Group 3. 
  • Triangulating differential nonresponse by race in a telephone survey. 
  • Trust in Community-Engaged Research Partnerships: A Methodological Overview of Designing a Multisite Clinical and Translational Science Awards (CTSA) Initiative. 
  • Two Questions About the Design of Cluster Randomized Trials: A Tutorial. 
  • Unanticipated Insights into Biomedicine from the Study of Acupuncture. 
  • Uncertainty-Aware Variational-Recurrent Imputation Network for Clinical Time Series. 
  • Understanding Research Methods and the Readers' Toolbox: A New Article Type. 
  • Understanding heart failure through the HF-ACTION baseline characteristics. 
  • Understanding on the association between informal caregiver characteristics and cognitive function of adults with cancer: a scoping review protocol. 
  • Undertaking positive control studies as part of developmental neurotoxicity testing: a report from the ILSI Research Foundation/Risk Science Institute expert working group on neurodevelopmental endpoints. 
  • University of Pennsylvania 11th annual conference on statistical issues in clinical trials: Estimands, missing data and sensitivity analysis (morning panel session). 
  • Unjustified restrictions on letters to the editor. 
  • Unlocking the barriers to improved functional capacity in the elderly: rationale and design for the "Fit for Life trial". 
  • Unmet Needs and Challenges in Clinical Research of Intracerebral Hemorrhage. 
  • Unraveling the Mechanisms of Manual Therapy: Modeling an Approach. 
  • Update to the Vitamin C, Thiamine and Steroids in Sepsis (VICTAS) protocol: statistical analysis plan for a prospective, multicenter, double-blind, adaptive sample size, randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial. 
  • Updated Standardized Definitions for Efficacy End Points (STEEP) in Adjuvant Breast Cancer Clinical Trials: STEEP Version 2.0. 
  • Use of Novel Strategies to Develop Guidelines for Management of Pyogenic Osteomyelitis in Adults: A WikiGuidelines Group Consensus Statement. 
  • Use of a physiologic scoring system during interhospital transport of pediatric patients. 
  • Use of altered informed consent in pragmatic clinical research. 
  • Use of twin cohorts for research in Alzheimer's disease. 
  • Users' guides to the medical literature. II. How to use an article about therapy or prevention. A. Are the results of the study valid? Evidence-Based Medicine Working Group. 
  • Using Cognitive Interviews to Enhance Measurement in Empirical Bioethics: Developing a Measure of the Preventive Misconception in Biomedical HIV Prevention Trials. 
  • Using Health System Data for Improvement Science: Getting Started. 
  • Using a health information technology survey to explore the availability of addiction treatment data in the electronic health records: A National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network study. 
  • Using decision analysis to determine optimal experimental design for monitoring sewer exfiltration with tracers. 
  • Using health web sites for patient education. 
  • Using item banks to construct measures of patient reported outcomes in clinical trials: investigator perceptions. 
  • Using observational data to estimate prognosis: an example using a coronary artery disease registry. 
  • Using qualitative methods to explore key questions in palliative care. 
  • Using the Implementation Research Logic Model as a Lens to View Experiences of Implementing HIV Prevention and Care Interventions with Adolescent Sexual Minority Men-A Global Perspective. 
  • Using theory of change frameworks to develop evaluation strategies for research engagement: results of a pre-pilot study. 
  • Validating the meta-analytical results on MDM2, CASP8, XRCC3 polymorphisms and breast cancer risk: examination of Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium. 
  • Validation of a cross-cultural instrument for child behavior problems: the Disruptive Behavior International Scale - Nepal version. 
  • Validation of the Simple Shoulder Test in a Portuguese-Brazilian population. Is the latent variable structure and validation of the Simple Shoulder Test Stable across cultures? 
  • Validity of the type A construct: a reprise. 
  • Value-Based Care for Musculoskeletal Pain: Are Physical Therapists Ready to Deliver? 
  • Variable selection for covariate-adjusted semiparametric inference in randomized clinical trials. 
  • Vijana Vijiweni II: a cluster-randomized trial to evaluate the efficacy of a microfinance and peer health leadership intervention for HIV and intimate partner violence prevention among social networks of young men in Dar es Salaam. 
  • Vitamin D levels in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury: a protocol for a prospective cohort study (VID-AKI). 
  • Vitamin E treatment of tardive dyskinesia. 
  • Voices: The Future of Metabolism. 
  • Voluntary control of the human vestibulo-ocular reflex. 
  • Waste not, want not. 
  • Watch me grow: a garden-based pilot intervention to increase vegetable and fruit intake in preschoolers. 
  • Ways of knowing in precision health. 
  • We need better randomized comparison trials of prostate cancer. 
  • We need further studies for the development of "optimized antiplatelet therapy" based on ethnicity. 
  • What Constitutes a Well-Designed Pilot Study? 
  • What can we learn from a decade of database audits? The Duke Clinical Research Institute experience, 1997--2006. 
  • What do "we" want and need to know about prayer and healing? 
  • What is evidence? 
  • What is sufficient evidence for the reliability and validity of patient-reported outcome measures? 
  • What should work, may not. 
  • What we know and what we still need to learn 
  • What will it take to implement genomics in practice? Lessons from the IGNITE Network. 
  • What you see may not be what you get: a brief, nontechnical introduction to overfitting in regression-type models. 
  • When Are Treatment Blinding and Treatment Standardization Necessary in Real-World Clinical Trials? 
  • When Can We Rely on Real-World Evidence to Evaluate New Medical Treatments? 
  • When Can We Trust Real-World Data To Evaluate New Medical Treatments? 
  • When is alcohol just another drug? Some thoughts on research and policy. 
  • Where the rubber meets the road in pharmacogenetics: assessment of gene-environment interactions. 
  • Where there's smoke, is there fire? 
  • White paper: recommendations on the conduct of superiority and organism-specific clinical trials of antibacterial agents for the treatment of infections caused by drug-resistant bacterial pathogens. 
  • Who to Enroll in Parkinson Disease Prevention Trials? The Case for Genetically At-Risk Cohorts. 
  • Why Bayesian analysis hasn't caught on in healthcare decision making. 
  • Why are you calling me? How study introductions change response patterns. 
  • Why does the worldwide prevalence of childhood attention deficit hyperactivity disorder matter? 
  • Women's health issues with fibromyalgia syndrome. 
  • Working With Statisticians in Clinical Research. 
  • Working group on noncoronary cardiovascular disease and exercise in women. 
  • Writing research reports for clinical audiences. 
  • Xanthine oxidase inhibition for hyperuricemic heart failure patients: design and rationale of the EXACT-HF study. 
  • You cannot improve what you do not measure. 
  • Zoledronate, fractures, and mortality after hip fracture. 
  • [International collaborative research via computer communication]. 
  • [Intraportal injection of specific monoclonal antibody in nude mice with liver metastasis]. 
  • {I}ndependent but coordinated trials: insights from the practice-based {O}pportunities for {W}eight {R}eduction {T}rials {C}ollaborative {R}esearch {G}roup 
• 

  Keywords of People

  • Alberts, Susan C., Robert F. Durden Distinguished Professor of Biology, Duke Science & Society
  • Alexander, John Hunter Peel, Professor of Medicine, Medicine, Cardiology
  • Anderson, Ruth A., Professor Emerita in the School of Nursing, School of Nursing
  • Berger, Miles, Associate Professor of Anesthesiology, Duke Science & Society
  • Bradford, William Dalton, Professor of Pathology, Pathology
  • Charles, Hal Cecil, Adjunct Associate Professor in the Department of Radiology, Radiology
  • Cohen-Wolkowiez, Michael, Kiser-Arena Distinguished Professor, Pediatrics, Infectious Diseases
  • Curtis, Lesley H., Professor in Population Health Sciences, Medicine, General Internal Medicine
  • DeLong, Elizabeth Ray, Professor Emeritus of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Biostatistics & Bioinformatics
  • Dement, John McCray, Professor Emeritus in Family Medicine and Community Health, Family Medicine & Community Health,Occupational & Environmental Medicine
  • Grambow, Steven C., Associate Professor of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Biostatistics & Bioinformatics
  • Green, Eric P, Associate Professor of the Practice of Global Health, Duke Global Health Institute
  • Gwyer, Janet Lynn, Professor Emeritus of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Surgery, Physical Therapy
  • Halabi, Susan, Professor of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Biostatistics & Bioinformatics
  • Katz, David F., Nello L. Teer, Jr. Distinguished Professor of Biomedical Engineering, in the Edmund T. Pratt, Jr. School of Engineering, Biomedical Engineering
  • Li, Yi-Ju, Professor of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Biostatistics & Bioinformatics
  • Limkakeng Jr., Alexander Tan, Professor of Emergency Medicine, Emergency Medicine
  • Liu, Yutao, Adjunct Assistant Professor in the Department of Medicine, Medicine, Medical Genetics
  • McConnell, Eleanor Schildwachter, Associate Professor in the School of Nursing, School of Nursing
  • McLendon, Roger Edwin, Professor of Pathology, Pathology
  • Mentz, Robert John, Associate Professor of Medicine, Medicine, Cardiology
  • Middleton, John Paul, Professor of Medicine, Medicine, Nephrology
  • Morgan, Perri Anne, Professor in Family Medicine and Community Health, Family Medicine and Community Health, Physician Assistant Program
  • Muhlbaier, Lawrence H., Associate Professor Emeritus of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Biostatistics & Bioinformatics
  • Muir, Kelly Walton, Associate Professor of Ophthalmology, Ophthalmology, Glaucoma
  • Myers, Evan Robert, Walter L. Thomas Distinguished Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology in the School of Medicine, Duke Cancer Institute
  • O'Connor, Christopher Michael, Adjunct Professor in the Department of Medicine, Medicine, Clinical Pharmacology
  • Olsen, Maren Karine, Professor of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Biostatistics & Bioinformatics
  • Olson, Steven Arthur, Goldner Jones Distinguished Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Surgery
  • Ostbye, Truls, Professor of Family Medicine and Community Health, Family Medicine and Community Health
  • Pang, Herbert, Adjunct Assistant Professor in the Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Biostatistics & Bioinformatics
  • Patz Jr., Edward F., James and Alice Chen Distinguished Professor of Radiology, Pathology
  • Preminger, Glenn Michael, James F. Glenn, M.D. Distinguished Professor of Urology, Surgery, Urology
  • Reed, Shelby Derene, Professor in Population Health Sciences, Duke Science & Society
  • Stinnett, Sandra Sue, Associate Professor of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Biostatistics & Bioinformatics
  • Sullivan, Daniel Carl, Professor Emeritus of Radiology, Radiology
  • Taekman, Jeffrey Marc, Professor Emeritus of Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology, Neuroanesthesia
  • Tsalik, Ephraim, Adjunct Associate Professor in the Department of Medicine, Medicine, Infectious Diseases
  • Wharam, J. Franklin, Professor of Medicine, Medicine, General Internal Medicine
  • Wu, Li-Tzy, Professor in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medicine, General Internal Medicine
  • Yancy Jr., William Samuel, Professor of Medicine, Medicine, General Internal Medicine
  • Zafar, Syed Yousuf, Adjunct Professor in the Department of Medicine, Duke Science & Society