Soil

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  Subject Areas on Research

  • 'One physical system': Tansley's ecosystem as Earth's critical zone. 
  • A continental view of pine-associated ectomycorrhizal fungal spore banks: a quiescent functional guild with a strong biogeographic pattern. 
  • A dynamic yet vulnerable pipeline: Integration and coordination of hydraulic traits across whole plants. 
  • A global meta-analysis of soil exchangeable cations, pH, carbon, and nitrogen with afforestation. 
  • A global meta-analysis of soil phosphorus dynamics after afforestation. 
  • A new framework for approaching precision bioremediation of PAH contaminated soils. 
  • A spatially explicit investigation of phosphorus sorption and related soil properties in two riparian wetlands. 
  • A synthesis of the effects of atmospheric carbon dioxide enrichment on plant hydraulics: implications for whole-plant water use efficiency and resistance to drought. 
  • A trade-off between plant and soil carbon storage under elevated CO₂ . 
  • A urine-fuelled soil-based bioregenerative life support system for long-term and long-distance manned space missions. 
  • Accounting for landscape heterogeneity improves spatial predictions of tree vulnerability to drought. 
  • Adjustments in hydraulic architecture of Pinus palustris maintain similar stomatal conductance in xeric and mesic habitats. 
  • Adsorption capacity of multiple DNA sources to clay minerals and environmental soil matrices less than previously estimated. 
  • Afforestation alters the composition of functional genes in soil and biogeochemical processes in South American grasslands. 
  • Agricultural acceleration of soil carbonate weathering. 
  • Alterations of endophytic microbial community function in Spartina alterniflora as a result of crude oil exposure. 
  • Amazon forests capture high levels of atmospheric mercury pollution from artisanal gold mining. 
  • Amino acid abundance and proteolytic potential in North American soils. 
  • Analysis of engineered nanomaterials in complex matrices (environment and biota): general considerations and conceptual case studies. 
  • Annual carbon sequestration and loss rates under altered hydrology and fire regimes in southeastern USA pocosin peatlands. 
  • Application of the theory of optimal experiments to adaptive electromagnetic-induction sensing of buried targets. 
  • Atmospheric CO2 enrichment facilitates cation release from soil. 
  • Beyond carbon flux partitioning: Carbon allocation and nonstructural carbon dynamics inferred from continuous fluxes. 
  • Bioavailability of slowly cycling soil phosphorus: major restructuring of soil P fractions over four decades in an aggrading forest. 
  • Biomass responses to elevated CO2, soil heterogeneity and diversity: an experimental assessment with grassland assemblages 
  • Biotic and abiotic factors act in coordination to amplify hydraulic redistribution and lift. 
  • CO₂ enrichment and soil type additively regulate grassland productivity. 
  • Carbon and water fluxes from ponderosa pine forests disturbed by wildfire and thinning. 
  • Catastrophic hydraulic failure and tipping points in plants. 
  • Causality and persistence in ecological systems: a nonparametric spectral granger causality approach. 
  • Challenges and opportunities for managing aquatic mercury pollution in altered landscapes. 
  • Changes in stable isotopic signatures of soil nitrogen and carbon during 40 years of forest development. 
  • Chemical constituents of ambient fine particulate matter and obesity among school-aged children: A representative national study in China. 
  • Chemistry of surface water, precipitation, throughfall, leaves, sediment, soil, and air near a gold mining region in Peru. 
  • Co-limitation towards lower latitudes shapes global forest diversity gradients. 
  • Combined effects of short term rainfall patterns and soil texture on soil nitrogen cycling - a modeling analysis. 
  • Comment on "A reservoir of nitrate beneath desert soils". 
  • Common bacterial responses in six ecosystems exposed to 10 years of elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide. 
  • Community dynamics of soil-borne fungal communities along elevation gradients in neotropical and palaeotropical forests. 
  • Consumption of biogenic nitric oxide in hydrated soil. 
  • Contingency in ecosystem but not plant community response to multiple global change factors 
  • Conventional functional classification schemes underestimate the relationship with ecosystem functioning. 
  • Coupling diurnal cytosolic Ca2+ oscillations to the CAS-IP3 pathway in Arabidopsis. 
  • Crystal lattice defects in nanocrystalline metacinnabar in contaminated streambank soils suggest a role for biogenic sulfides in the formation of mercury sulfide phases. 
  • Curbing the U.S. carbon deficit. 
  • Current status, uncertainty and future needs in soil organic carbon monitoring. 
  • Decadal changes in fire frequencies shift tree communities and functional traits. 
  • Decoupling the influence of leaf and root hydraulic conductances on stomatal conductance and its sensitivity to vapour pressure deficit as soil dries in a drained loblolly pine plantation. 
  • Deforestation Due to Artisanal and Small-Scale Gold Mining Exacerbates Soil and Mercury Mobilization in Madre de Dios, Peru. 
  • Development and deployment of a field-portable soil O2 and CO2 gas analyzer and sampler. 
  • Differential nutrient limitation of soil microbial biomass and metabolic quotients (qCO2): is there a biological stoichiometry of soil microbes? 
  • Differential responses of Picea asperata and Betula albosinensis to nitrogen supply imposed by water availability. 
  • Diurnal and seasonal variation in root xylem embolism in neotropical savanna woody species: impact on stomatal control of plant water status. 
  • Drivers of secondary succession rates across temperate latitudes of the Eastern USA: climate, soils, and species pools. 
  • Drought, snails, and large-scale die-off of southern U.S. salt marshes. 
  • Dynamics of soil CO₂ efflux under varying atmospheric CO₂ concentrations reveal dominance of slow processes. 
  • Ecophysiological variation of transpiration of pine forests: synthesis of new and published results. 
  • Ecosystem carbon loss with woody plant invasion of grasslands. 
  • Effect of sewage sludge amendment on heavy metal uptake and yield of ryegrass seedling in a mudflat soil. 
  • Effects of Silver Nanoparticle Exposure on Germination and Early Growth of Eleven Wetland Plants 
  • Effects of calcium on seed germination, seedling growth and photosynthesis of six forest tree species under simulated acid rain. 
  • Effects of fire frequency on litter decomposition as mediated by changes to litter chemistry and soil environmental conditions. 
  • Effects of nutrition and soil water availability on water use in a Norway spruce stand. 
  • Effects of potassium and sodium supply on drought-adaptive mechanisms in Eucalyptus grandis plantations. 
  • Employee exposure to (222)Rn and (220)Rn in three fish culture stations in Pennsylvania. 
  • Enhanced root exudation induces microbial feedbacks to N cycling in a pine forest under long-term CO2 fumigation. 
  • Environmental and anthropogenic controls over bacterial communities in wetland soils. 
  • Environmental conditions influence the plant functional diversity effect on potential denitrification. 
  • Estimation of in-canopy ammonia sources and sinks in a fertilized Zea mays field 
  • Estimations of historical atmospheric mercury concentrations from mercury refining and present-day soil concentrations of total mercury in Huancavelica, Peru. 
  • Evaluation and Integration of Geochemical Indicators for Detecting Trace Levels of Coal Fly Ash in Soils. 
  • Evapotranspiration and water yield of a pine-broadleaf forest are not altered by long-term atmospheric [CO₂ ] enrichment under native or enhanced soil fertility. 
  • Evidence for distinct isotopic compositions of sap and tissue water in tree stems: consequences for plant water source identification. 
  • Fire cycles in North American interior grasslands and their relation to prairie drought. 
  • Fire frequency drives decadal changes in soil carbon and nitrogen and ecosystem productivity. 
  • Flowering in grassland predicted by CO2 and resource effects on species aboveground biomass. 
  • Four-decade responses of soil trace elements to an aggrading old-field forest: B, Mn, Zn, Cu, and Fe. 
  • Functional trait evolution in Sphagnum peat mosses and its relationship to niche construction. 
  • Fungal pathogens. 
  • Genes, geology and germs: gut microbiota across a primate hybrid zone are explained by site soil properties, not host species. 
  • Genetic and physiological basis of adaptive salt tolerance divergence between coastal and inland Mimulus guttatus. 
  • Global and regional drivers of land-use emissions in 1961-2017. 
  • Global desertification: building a science for dryland development. 
  • Global soil nitrous oxide emissions since the preindustrial era estimated by an ensemble of terrestrial biosphere models: Magnitude, attribution, and uncertainty. 
  • Global stocks and capacity of mineral-associated soil organic carbon. 
  • Greenhouse gas fluxes in southeastern U.S. coastal plain wetlands under contrasting land uses. 
  • Guiding the design space for nanotechnology to advance sustainable crop production. 
  • Heavy metal distribution and uptake by maize in a mudflat soil amended by vermicompost derived from sewage sludge. 
  • Historical effects on beta diversity and community assembly in Amazonian trees. 
  • Host genotype and age shape the leaf and root microbiomes of a wild perennial plant 
  • How does infiltration behavior modify the composition of ambient PM2.5 in indoor spaces? An analysis of RIOPA data. 
  • Hydraulic lift and tolerance to salinity of semiarid species: consequences for species interactions. 
  • Hydraulic redistribution in a Douglas-fir forest: lessons from system manipulations. 
  • Hydraulic redistribution of soil water by roots affects whole-stand evapotranspiration and net ecosystem carbon exchange. 
  • Hydraulic redistribution of soil water in two old-growth coniferous forests: quantifying patterns and controls. 
  • Hydraulic time constants for transpiration of loblolly pine at a free-air carbon dioxide enrichment site 
  • Hydro-Climatological Influences on Long-Term Dissolved Organic Carbon in a Mountain Stream of the Southeastern United States. 
  • Hydrologic regulation of plant rooting depth. 
  • Hyposensitive canopy conductance renders ecosystems vulnerable to meteorological droughts. 
  • Identification of fungi associated with municipal compost using DNA-based techniques. 
  • Identifying linkages between land use, geomorphology, and aquatic habitat in a mixed-use watershed. 
  • Impact of ZnO and ZnS nanoparticles in sewage sludge-amended soil on bacteria, plant and invertebrates. 
  • Impact of organic amendments on the bioavailability of heavy metals in mudflat soil and their uptake by maize. 
  • Improved speciation of dissolved organic nitrogen in natural waters: amide hydrolysis with fluorescence derivatization. 
  • Increased belowground biomass and soil CO2 fluxes after a decade of carbon dioxide enrichment in a warm-temperate forest. 
  • Increased resin flow in mature pine trees growing under elevated CO2 and moderate soil fertility. 
  • Increasing atmospheric humidity and CO₂ concentration alleviate forest mortality risk. 
  • Invasive species' leaf traits and dissimilarity from natives shape their impact on nitrogen cycling: a meta-analysis. 
  • Irreconcilable differences: fine-root life spans and soil carbon persistence. 
  • Joint effects of nutrient addition and enemy exclusion on exotic plant success. 
  • Landscape-level validation of allometric relationships for carbon stock estimation reveals bias driven by soil type. 
  • Legacy of anthropogenic lead in urban soils: Co-occurrence with metal(loids) and fallout radionuclides, isotopic fingerprinting, and in vitro bioaccessibility. 
  • Legacy source of mercury in an urban stream-wetland ecosystem in central North Carolina, USA. 
  • Limited hybridization across an edaphic disjunction between the gabbro-endemic shrub Ceanothus roderickii (Rhamnaceae) and the soil-generalist Ceanothus cuneatus. 
  • Long-Term Effects of Copper Nanopesticides on Soil and Sediment Community Diversity in Two Outdoor Mesocosm Experiments. 
  • Long-Term Transformation and Fate of Manufactured Ag Nanoparticles in a Simulated Large Scale Freshwater Emergent Wetland. 
  • Low-intensity frequent fires in coniferous forests transform soil organic matter in ways that may offset ecosystem carbon losses. 
  • Low-severity fire as a mechanism of organic matter protection in global peatlands: Thermal alteration slows decomposition. 
  • Lysinibacillus macroides-mediated control of cellulose-producing morphotype of Salmonella. 
  • Major QTL controls adaptation to serpentine soils in Mimulus guttatus. 
  • Maple and hickory leaf litter fungal communities reflect pre-senescent leaf communities. 
  • Measuring environmental change in forest ecosystems by repeated soil sampling: a north american perspective. 
  • Mechanism and function of root circumnutation. 
  • Mechanistic Insights from Discrete Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Pesticide-Nanoparticle Interactions. 
  • Mobility of Four Common Mercury Species in Model and Natural Unsaturated Soils. 
  • Modeled production, oxidation, and transport processes of wetland methane emissions in temperate, boreal, and Arctic regions. 
  • Modifying the ‘pulse-reserve’ paradigm for deserts of North America: precipitation pulses, soil water and plant responses 
  • Molybdenum threshold for ecosystem scale alternative vanadium nitrogenase activity in boreal forests. 
  • Native root xylem embolism and stomatal closure in stands of Douglas-fir and ponderosa pine: mitigation by hydraulic redistribution. 
  • Natural selection on a carbon cycling trait drives ecosystem engineering by Sphagnum (peat moss). 
  • Natural soil microbes alter flowering phenology and the intensity of selection on flowering time in a wild Arabidopsis relative. 
  • Network Analysis for Prioritizing Biodegradation Metabolites of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. 
  • Networking our science to characterize the state, vulnerabilities, and management opportunities of soil organic matter. 
  • Nitrate sink function of riparian zones induced by river stage fluctuations. 
  • Nitrogen and nature. 
  • Nitrogen fertilization has a stronger effect on soil nitrogen-fixing bacterial communities than elevated atmospheric CO2. 
  • Nitrogen-addition effects on leaf traits and photosynthetic carbon gain of boreal forest understory shrubs. 
  • Nonlinear grassland responses to past and future atmospheric CO(2). 
  • Nutrient availability and atmospheric CO2 partial pressure modulate the effects of nutrient heterogeneity on the size structure of populations in grassland species 
  • Nutrient profiles in the everglades: examination along the eutrophication gradient. 
  • On the complementary relationship between marginal nitrogen and water-use efficiencies among Pinus taeda leaves grown under ambient and CO2-enriched environments. 
  • Organic nitrogen enhances nitrogen nutrition and early growth of Pinus sylvestris seedlings. 
  • Pattern and process in Amazon tree turnover, 1976-2001. 
  • Peat-based gnotobiotic plant growth systems for Arabidopsis microbiome research. 
  • Peatmoss (Sphagnum) diversification associated with Miocene Northern Hemisphere climatic cooling? 
  • Phylogenetic diversity of 200+ isolates of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Cenococcum geophilum associated with Populus trichocarpa soils in the Pacific Northwest, USA and comparison to globally distributed representatives. 
  • Plant community change mediates the response of foliar δ(15)N to CO 2 enrichment in mesic grasslands. 
  • Plant host and soil origin influence fungal and bacterial assemblages in the roots of woody plants. 
  • Plant responses to precipitation in desert ecosystems: integrating functional types, pulses, thresholds, and delays 
  • Plant species' origin predicts dominance and response to nutrient enrichment and herbivores in global grasslands. 
  • Plant trait diversity buffers variability in denitrification potential over changes in season and soil conditions. 
  • Plant-Microbe Interactions Facing Environmental Challenge. 
  • Plant-soil feedbacks: a comparative study on the relative importance of soil feedbacks in the greenhouse versus the field. 
  • Potential nitrogen constraints on soil carbon sequestration under low and elevated atmospheric CO2. 
  • Predicting soil erosion for alternative land uses. 
  • Preparation of antibodies and development of an enzyme immunoassay for determination of atrazine in environmental samples. 
  • Progressive nitrogen limitation of ecosystem processes under elevated CO2 in a warm-temperate forest 
  • Protecting off-site populations and site workers from vapor discharges during shallow soil mixing at the North Carolina State University National Priorities List Site. 
  • Quantifying global soil carbon losses in response to warming. 
  • Quantifying ground water inputs along the Lower Jordan River. 
  • Reconstructing Holocene fire history in a southern Appalachian forest using soil charcoal. 
  • Recovery of soil Amebas from the nasal passages of children during the dusty harmattan period in Zaria. 
  • Regulation of plant root system architecture: implications for crop advancement. 
  • Relating atrazine degradation rate in soil to environmental conditions: implications for global fate modeling. 
  • Relationship between Atomic Force Microscopy and Centrifugation Measurements for Dust Fractions Implicated in Solar Panel Soiling. 
  • Responses of soil cellulolytic fungal communities to elevated atmospheric CO₂ are complex and variable across five ecosystems. 
  • Restoring diversity after cattail expansion: disturbance, resilience, and seasonality in a tropical dry wetland. 
  • Riparian buffers increase future baseflow and reduce peakflows in a developing watershed. 
  • Root water uptake and transport: using physiological processes in global predictions. 
  • Set-asides can be better climate investment than corn ethanol. 
  • Sewage sludge amendment improved soil properties and sweet sorghum yield and quality in a newly reclaimed mudflat land. 
  • Sewage sludge as an initial fertility driver for rapid improvement of mudflat salt-soils. 
  • Simulated effects of crop rotations and residue management on wind erosion in Wuchuan, west-central Inner Mongolia, China. 
  • Soil C and N changes with afforestation of grasslands across gradients of precipitation and plantation age. 
  • Soil acidity reconstruction based on tree ring information of a dominant species Abies fabri in the subalpine forest ecosystems in southwest China. 
  • Soil carbon losses due to higher pH offset vegetation gains due to calcium enrichment in an acid mitigation experiment. 
  • Soil variation among natural habitats alters glucosinolate content in a wild perennial mustard. 
  • Soil-plant-atmosphere conditions regulating convective cloud formation above southeastern US pine plantations. 
  • Soil-transmitted helminth eggs assessment in wastewater in an urban area in India. 
  • Spatial-temporal association of soil Pb and children's blood Pb in the Detroit Tri-County Area of Michigan (USA). 
  • Spatiotemporal variation of crown-scale stomatal conductance in an arid Vitis vinifera L. cv. Merlot vineyard: direct effects of hydraulic properties and indirect effects of canopy leaf area. 
  • Speciation Matters: Bioavailability of Silver and Silver Sulfide Nanoparticles to Alfalfa (Medicago sativa). 
  • Sphagnum physiology in the context of changing climate: emergent influences of genomics, modelling and host-microbiome interactions on understanding ecosystem function. 
  • Stomatal sensitivity to vapor pressure deficit and its relationship to hydraulic conductance in Pinus palustris. 
  • Succession, regression and loss: does evidence of saltwater exposure explain recent changes in the tree communities of North Carolina's Coastal Plain? 
  • Surficial gains and subsoil losses of soil carbon and nitrogen during secondary forest development. 
  • Sustained effects of atmospheric [CO2] and nitrogen availability on forest soil CO2 efflux. 
  • Sustained effects of one-time sewage sludge addition on rice yield and heavy metals accumulation in salt-affected mudflat soil. 
  • Temporal variability in (13)C of respired CO(2) in a pine and a hardwood forest subject to similar climatic conditions. 
  • The Lagrangian stochastic model for estimating footprint and water vapor fluxes over inhomogeneous surfaces. 
  • The effect of hydraulic lift on organic matter decomposition, soil nitrogen cycling, and nitrogen acquisition by a grass species. 
  • The effect of plant water storage on water fluxes within the coupled soil-plant system. 
  • The effects of biochar and redox conditions on soil Pb bioaccessibility to people and waterfowl. 
  • The effects of elevated CO2 and nitrogen fertilization on stomatal conductance estimated from 11 years of scaled sap flux measurements at Duke FACE 
  • The environmental price tag on a ton of mountaintop removal coal. 
  • The response of coarse root biomass to long-term CO₂ enrichment and nitrogen application in a maturing Pinus taeda stand with a large broadleaved component. 
  • The restoration potential of the Mesopotamian marshes of Iraq. 
  • Thermal adaptation of soil microbial respiration to elevated temperature 
  • Time Horizons in Cost Analyses-Reply. 
  • Trade-offs in water and carbon ecosystem services with land-use changes in grasslands. 
  • Trading water for carbon with biological carbon sequestration. 
  • Transcriptome, genetic editing, and microRNA divergence substantiate sympatric speciation of blind mole rat, Spalax. 
  • Urban-Soil Pedogenesis Drives Contrasting Legacies of Lead from Paint and Gasoline in City Soil. 
  • Variability in net ecosystem exchange from hourly to inter-annual time scales at adjacent pine and hardwood forests: a wavelet analysis 
  • Vertebrate herbivory impacts seedling recruitment more than niche partitioning or density-dependent mortality. 
  • Warming reverses top-down effects of predators on belowground ecosystem function in Arctic tundra. 
  • Water subsidies from mountains to deserts: their role in sustaining groundwater-fed oases in a sandy landscape. 
  • Water uptake and hydraulic redistribution across large woody root systems to 20 m depth. 
  • X-Ray Computed Tomography Reveals the Response of Root System Architecture to Soil Texture. 
  • Xylem functioning, dysfunction and repair: a physical perspective and implications for phloem transport. 
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  Keywords of People

  • Hsu-Kim, Heileen, Professor in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Civil and Environmental Engineering
  • Richter, Daniel D., Professor in the Division of Earth and Climate Science, Environmental Sciences and Policy
  • Vengosh, Avner, Nicholas Distinguished Professor of Environmental Quality, Nicholas Institute-Energy Initiative