Spleen

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  Subject Areas on Research

  • (3H)norepinephrine binding: unrelated to catechol-O-methyl transferase. 
  • 64Cu-MM-302 Positron Emission Tomography Quantifies Variability of Enhanced Permeability and Retention of Nanoparticles in Relation to Treatment Response in Patients with Metastatic Breast Cancer. 
  • A Misdiagnosed Atypical Case of Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma Diagnosed by Computed Tomography Guided Spleen Biopsy. 
  • A Rare Case of Isolated Congenital Asplenia Presenting in Septic Shock: Howell-Jolly Bodies a Clue to Early Diagnosis. 
  • A Ras1-Cdc24 signal transduction pathway mediates thermotolerance in the fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • A comparison of murine T-cell-depleted adult bone marrow and full-term fetal blood cells in hematopoietic engraftment and immune reconstitution. 
  • A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of ruxolitinib for myelofibrosis. 
  • A fixative for use in muscle histochemistry. 
  • A mouse model for hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) type 2. 
  • A neutralizing epitope of the superantigen SEA has agonist activity on T cells. 
  • A pattern-oriented approach to splenic imaging in infants and children. 
  • A pilot study of hydroxyurea to prevent chronic organ damage in young children with sickle cell anemia. 
  • A regulatory B cell subset with a unique CD1dhiCD5+ phenotype controls T cell-dependent inflammatory responses. 
  • Abnormal B lymphocyte development, activation, and differentiation in mice that lack or overexpress the CD19 signal transduction molecule. 
  • Abrogation of baboon natural xenoantibody to pig splenocytes by DL-penicillamine. 
  • Accelerated induction of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in PL/J mice by a non-V beta 8-specific superantigen. 
  • Acquired functional asplenia. Association with spontaneous rupture of the spleen and fatal spontaneous rupture of the liver in amyloidosis. 
  • Activated B cells modified by electroporation of multiple mRNAs encoding immune stimulatory molecules are comparable to mature dendritic cells in inducing in vitro antigen-specific T-cell responses. 
  • Activation of interleukin 4- and interleukin 6-secreting cells by HIV-specific synthetic peptides. 
  • Acute and chronic B cell depletion disrupts CD4+ and CD8+ T cell homeostasis and expansion during acute viral infection in mice. 
  • Acute ethanol administration downregulates human immunodeficiency virus-1 glycoprotein 120-induced KC and RANTES production by murine Kupffer cells and splenocytes. 
  • Acute mycotoxicosis in sheep: field cases. 
  • Adoption of Splenic Enhancement to Time and Trigger the Late Hepatic Arterial Phase During MDCT of the Liver: Proof of Concept and Clinical Feasibility. 
  • Adoptively transferred ex vivo expanded gammadelta-T cells mediate in vivo antitumor activity in preclinical mouse models of breast cancer. 
  • Akt1 and Akt2 are required for alphabeta thymocyte survival and differentiation. 
  • Allogeneic marrow transplantation in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in the chronic phase: a randomized trial of two irradiation regimens. 
  • Allogeneic splenocyte transfer and lipopolysaccharide inhalations induce differential T cell expansion and lung injury: a novel model of pulmonary graft-versus-host disease. 
  • Alpha-fetoprotein-specific genetic immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma. 
  • Alpha7 cholinergic-agonist prevents systemic inflammation and improves survival during resuscitation. 
  • Altered immune responses in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. 
  • Altered lymphocyte responses and cytokine production in mice deficient in the X-linked lymphoproliferative disease gene SH2D1A/DSHP/SAP. 
  • Alternative pathways for the selection of antigen-specific peripheral T cells. 
  • Amelioration of thrombocytopenia with concomitant ornithine in sarcoma-bearing rats receiving high dose difluoromethylornithine. 
  • An essential role for c-FLIP in the efficient development of mature T lymphocytes. 
  • An index based on deep learning-measured spleen volume on CT for the assessment of high-risk varix in B-viral compensated cirrhosis. 
  • Anatomical and clinical implications of vagal modulation of the spleen. 
  • Angiotensin II blockade followed by growth hormone as adjunctive therapy after experimental myocardial infarction. 
  • Angiotensin II mobilizes spleen monocytes to promote the development of abdominal aortic aneurysm in Apoe-/- mice. 
  • Anti-Sm autoantibodies in MRL mice: analysis of precursor frequency. 
  • Anti-receptor antibody-induced suppression of murine H-Y-specific delayed-type hypersensitivity responses. 
  • Antibody response to a T-dependent antigen requires B cell expression of complement receptors. 
  • Antigen delivery by alpha(2)-macroglobulin enhances the cytotoxic T lymphocyte response. 
  • Antigen drives very low affinity B cells to become plasmacytes and enter germinal centers. 
  • Antigen-specific NK cell memory in rhesus macaques. 
  • Antiseptic-Mediated Colloid Labeling as a Potential Source of Abnormal Liver and Spleen Uptake with 99mTc-Dimercaptosuccinic Acid. 
  • Applications of a rat multiple tissue gene expression data set. 
  • Assessing a role for enhancer-blocking activity in gene regulation within the murine T-cell receptor alpha/delta locus. 
  • Association of chronic thromboxane inhibition with reduced in situ cytotoxic T cell activity in rejecting rat renal allografts. 
  • Atlas-based automated segmentation of spleen and liver using adaptive enhancement estimation. 
  • Autophagy enhances NFκB activity in specific tissue macrophages by sequestering A20 to boost antifungal immunity. 
  • Autoreactivity in an HIV-1 broadly reactive neutralizing antibody variable region heavy chain induces immunologic tolerance. 
  • Avirulent Toxoplasma gondii generates therapeutic antitumor immunity by reversing immunosuppression in the ovarian cancer microenvironment. 
  • Balance of Irgm protein activities determines IFN-gamma-induced host defense. 
  • Baroreflex stimulation attenuates central but not peripheral inflammation in conscious endotoxemic rats. 
  • Biliary atresia-polysplenia syndrome: surgical and clinical relevance in liver transplantation. 
  • Biochemical and toxicopathic biomarkers assessed in smallmouth bass recovered from a polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated river. 
  • Bone marrow dendritic cell-mediated regulation of TLR and B cell receptor signaling in B cells. 
  • Bone marrow-derived lymphoid cells (B cells): functional depletion with cobra factor and fresh serum. 
  • Brain cancer induces systemic immunosuppression through release of non-steroid soluble mediators. 
  • Brucellosis. Indications for splenectomy. 
  • Bulletproof heart: Gunshot wound to the ventricular septum without pericardial effusion or hemodynamic collapse. 
  • CD11c(+)B220(+)Gr-1(+) cells in mouse lymph nodes and spleen display characteristics of plasmacytoid dendritic cells. 
  • CD19 amplification of B lymphocyte Ca2+ responses: a role for Lyn sequestration in extinguishing negative regulation. 
  • CD19 expression in B cells is important for suppression of contact hypersensitivity. 
  • CD19 expression in B cells regulates atopic dermatitis in a mouse model. 
  • CD28 is required for germinal center formation. 
  • CD7 and CD28 are required for murine CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cell homeostasis and prevention of thyroiditis. 
  • Calmodulin-dependent kinase IV links Toll-like receptor 4 signaling with survival pathway of activated dendritic cells. 
  • Case report: splenic infarction and acute splenic sequestration in adults with hemoglobin SC disease. 
  • Cellular immune response to cryptic epitopes during therapeutic gene transfer. 
  • Characterization of chemotactic activity produced in vivo by a cell-mediated immune reaction in the guinea pig. 
  • Characterization of cytotoxic cells generated from in vitro cultures of murine bone marrow cells. 
  • Characterization of human CD7 transgenic mice. 
  • Characterization of intraocular immunopathology following intracameral inoculation with alloantigen. 
  • Characterization of tumor-specific cytotoxic effector cells with a novel CD3-/Thy-1+ phenotype. 
  • Chemokines and B-cell homing to follicles. 
  • Cholinergic stimulation with pyridostigmine modulates a heart-spleen axis after acute myocardial infarction in spontaneous hypertensive rats. 
  • Chronic dietary exposure to polystyrene microplastics in maturing Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes). 
  • Class I restricted CTL recognition of a soluble protein delivered by liposomes containing lipophilic polylysines. 
  • Clinical and hematologic benefits of partial splenectomy for congenital hemolytic anemias in children. 
  • Clinical and serologic manifestations of autoimmune disease in MRL-lpr/lpr mice lacking nitric oxide synthase type 2. 
  • Cloning of B cells from autoimmune MRL-lpr/lpr and MRL.xid mice. 
  • Cloning of mitogen- and antigen-reactive B lymphocytes on filter paper discs. I. A description of the technique and of methods for the analysis of colonies. 
  • Cloning of mitogen- and antigen-reactive B lymphocytes on filter paper disks: phenotypic and genotypic analysis of B cell colonies. 
  • Cloning of murine splenic T lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells on filter paper discs: detection of a novel NK/T phenotype. 
  • Coil embolization of the splenic artery: impact on splenic volume. 
  • Combined immunodeficiency disease associated with adenosine deaminase deficiency. Report on a workshop held in Albany, New York, October 1, 1973. 
  • Comparative effectiveness of treatment strategies for severe splenic trauma in the pediatric population. 
  • Comparison of placebo and best available therapy for the treatment of myelofibrosis in the phase 3 COMFORT studies. 
  • Comparison of the effects of IL-1 alpha and TNF-alpha on phagocyte accumulation and murine antibacterial immunity. 
  • Comparison of tumor and normal tissue oxygen tension measurements using OxyLite or microelectrodes in rodents. 
  • Complement C4 inhibits systemic autoimmunity through a mechanism independent of complement receptors CR1 and CR2. 
  • Computed tomography of splenic trauma. 
  • Concentration of Tc-99m methylenediphosphonate in hepatic metastases from squamous cell carcinoma. 
  • Conditions for an in vitro culture of murine mixed hematopoietic colonies and their putative cellular origin. 
  • Contrast-enhanced CT of the liver and spleen: comparison of ionic and nonionic contrast agents. 
  • Contrasting effects of centromedial and basolateral amygdaloid lesions on stress-related responses in the rat. 
  • Corticosteroid-induced lymphocytopenia in man: absence of splenic influence and effect of recipient serum. 
  • Creation and properties of histocompatibility antigen-cell conjugates. I. Preparation and immunological properties of rat histocompatibility antigens. 
  • Creation and properties of histocompatibility antigen-cell conjugates. II. Antibody tolerance after treatment with donor histocompatibility antigen chemically coupled to recipient spleen cells. 
  • Cryptococcus neoformans {alpha} strains preferentially disseminate to the central nervous system during coinfection. 
  • Cutting edge: Rapamycin augments pathogen-specific but not graft-reactive CD8+ T cell responses. 
  • Cutting edge: Role of osteopontin and integrin αv in T cell-mediated anti-inflammatory responses in endotoxemia. 
  • Cytogenetic engineering in vivo: restoration of biologic complement activity to C5-deficient mice by intravenous inoculation of hybrid cells. 
  • DNA CpG methylation inhibits binding of NF-kappa B proteins to the HIV-1 long terminal repeat cognate DNA motifs. 
  • Debridement and replantation of the spleen with microsurgical restoration of blood flow. 
  • Deep Learning Algorithm for Automated Segmentation and Volume Measurement of the Liver and Spleen Using Portal Venous Phase Computed Tomography Images. 
  • Deep-tissue anatomical imaging of mice using carbon nanotube fluorophores in the second near-infrared window. 
  • Deficiency of heme-regulated eIF2alpha kinase decreases hepcidin expression and splenic iron in HFE-/- mice. 
  • Dendritic cells with TGF-beta1 differentiate naive CD4+CD25- T cells into islet-protective Foxp3+ regulatory T cells. 
  • Dependence of germinal center B cells on expression of CD21/CD35 for survival. 
  • Detection of mouse cytomegalovirus nucleic acid in latently infected mice by in vitro enzymatic amplification. 
  • Detection of murine cytomegalovirus immediate early 1 transcripts in the spleens of latently infected mice. 
  • Determination of the functional status of alloreactive T cells by interferon-gamma kinetics. 
  • Development and use of SIV-based Integrase defective lentiviral vector for immunization. 
  • Developmental allometry and paediatric malaria. 
  • Developmental exposure to noninherited maternal antigens induces CD4+ T regulatory cells: relevance to mechanism of heart allograft tolerance. 
  • Developmental regulation of alpha beta T cell antigen receptor expression results from differential stability of nascent TCR alpha proteins within the endoplasmic reticulum of immature and mature T cells. 
  • Diacylglycerol kinase zeta positively controls the development of iNKT-17 cells. 
  • Differential requirement of RasGRP1 for γδ T cell development and activation. 
  • Distribution of proteasomes and of the five proteolytic activities in rat tissues. 
  • Dopaminergic Control of Inflammation and Glycemia in Sepsis and Diabetes. 
  • Dual contrast enhancement of both T1- and T2-weighted sequences using ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide. 
  • Dynamic helical CT of the abdomen: prospective comparison of pre- and postprandial contrast enhancement. 
  • Dysfunction of inflammation-resolving pathways is associated with exaggerated postoperative cognitive decline in a rat model of the metabolic syndrome. 
  • EBV latent membrane protein 2A induces autoreactive B cell activation and TLR hypersensitivity. 
  • ECDI-fixed allogeneic splenocytes induce donor-specific tolerance for long-term survival of islet transplants via two distinct mechanisms. 
  • EL-4 metastases in spleen and bone marrow suppress the NK activity generated in these organs. 
  • ELAV protein HuA (HuR) can redistribute between nucleus and cytoplasm and is upregulated during serum stimulation and T cell activation. 
  • Early B-cell activation after West Nile virus infection requires alpha/beta interferon but not antigen receptor signaling. 
  • Effect of a metalloporphyrin antioxidant (MnTE-2-PyP) on the response of a mouse prostate cancer model to radiation. 
  • Effect of adriamycin and Corynebacterium parvum in tumor-bearing mice: modulation of response to sheep red blood cells. 
  • Effect of dihydrostreptomycin on tissue lipid of guinea-pigs. 
  • Effect of intraocular gamma-interferon on immunoregulatory properties of iris and ciliary body cells. 
  • Effect of intravenous alpha-difluoromethylornithine on the polyamine levels of normal tissue and a transplantable fibrosarcoma. 
  • Effect of organ enhancement and habitus on estimation of unenhanced attenuation at contrast-enhanced dual-energy MDCT: concepts for individualized and organ-specific spectral iodine subtraction strategies. 
  • Effect of surrogate tolerogenesis on the vascular rejection of pig heart xenografts. 
  • Effect of whole body gamma irradiation on tissue lipids of rats & the effect of S-beta-aminoethylisothiouronium bromide hydrobromide. 
  • Effects of Combined Tristetraprolin/Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Deficiency on the Splenic Transcriptome. 
  • Effects of cytokines on porcine granulosa cell steroidogenesis in vitro. 
  • Effects of donor splenocytes treated with mitomycin C on rat hepatic, cardiac, and intestinal allografts. 
  • Effects of murine cytomegalovirus infection on the immune response to a tumor allograft. 
  • Effects of zinc deficiency on lead toxicity in rats. 
  • Efficacy, safety, and survival with ruxolitinib in patients with myelofibrosis: results of a median 3-year follow-up of COMFORT-I. 
  • Electron transport complex I is required for CD8+ T cell function. 
  • Eliglustat maintains long-term clinical stability in patients with Gaucher disease type 1 stabilized on enzyme therapy. 
  • Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy of the intrapancreatic accessory spleen: a report of 2 cases. 
  • Endothelial antigen presentation: stimulation of previously activated but not naïve TCR-transgenic mouse T cells. 
  • Endotoxin (LPS) stimulates in vitro migration of macrophages from LPS-resistant mice but not from LPS-sensitive mice. 
  • Enhanced antibody responses to an HIV-1 membrane-proximal external region antigen in mice reconstituted with cultured lymphocytes. 
  • Enhanced differentiation of splenic plasma cells but diminished long-lived high-affinity bone marrow plasma cells in aged mice. 
  • Enhancement effects of a hepatocyte receptor-specific MR contrast agent in an animal model. 
  • Epidermal growth factor receptor VIII peptide vaccination is efficacious against established intracerebral tumors. 
  • Ethyl pyruvate improves survival in awake hemorrhage. 
  • Ethylenecarbodiimide-fixed donor splenocyte infusions differentially target direct and indirect pathways of allorecognition for induction of transplant tolerance. 
  • Ethylenecarbodiimide-treated splenocytes carrying male CD4 epitopes confer histocompatibility Y chromosome antigen transplant protection by inhibiting CD154 upregulation. 
  • Exogenous pyruvate prevents stress-evoked suppression of mitogen-stimulated proliferation. 
  • Expression of a murine cytomegalovirus early-late protein in "latently" infected mice. 
  • Expression of cytokine mRNA in murine splenic dendritic cells and better induction of T cell-derived cytokines by dendritic cells than by macrophages during in vitro costimulation assay using specific antigens. 
  • Expression of the human leukocyte adhesion molecule, LAM1. Identity with the TQ1 and Leu-8 differentiation antigens. 
  • From the yolk sac to the spleen: New roles for Notch in regulating hematopoiesis. 
  • Functional and anatomic correlation of splenic regeneration following embolization. 
  • Functional redundancy of the Nur77 and Nor-1 orphan steroid receptors in T-cell apoptosis. 
  • Functional, non-clonal IgMa-restricted B cell receptor interactions with the HIV-1 envelope gp41 membrane proximal external region. 
  • Gammaherpesvirus modulation of mouse adenovirus type 1 pathogenesis. 
  • Gene dose-dependent control of hematopoiesis and hematologic tumor suppression by CBP. 
  • General immunocompetence of rats bearing avian sarcoma virus-induced intracranial tumors. 
  • Genetic analysis of MRL-lpr mice: relationship of the Fas apoptosis gene to disease manifestations and renal disease-modifying loci. 
  • Genetic analysis of susceptibility to Chlamydia trachomatis in mouse. 
  • Genetic mosaics reveal both cell-autonomous and cell-nonautonomous function of murine p27Kip1. 
  • Genotypic analysis of B cell colonies by in situ hybridization. Stoichiometric expression of three VH families in adult C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice. 
  • Germinal center formation, immunoglobulin class switching, and autoantibody production driven by "non alpha/beta" T cells. 
  • Graft-versus-host disease prevention by rapamycin: cellular mechanisms. 
  • Hairy cell leukemia: cellular characteristics including surface immunoglobulin dynamics and biosynthesis. 
  • Helper T cell subsets for immunoglobulin A responses: oral immunization with tetanus toxoid and cholera toxin as adjuvant selectively induces Th2 cells in mucosa associated tissues. 
  • Heterogeneous splenic enhancement patterns on spiral CT images in children: minimizing misinterpretation. 
  • Human spleen contains phenotypic subsets of macrophages and dendritic cells that occupy discrete microanatomic locations. 
  • Human splenic sinusoidal lining cells express antigens associated with monocytes, macrophages, endothelial cells, and T lymphocytes. 
  • Human visceral leishmaniasis: decrease in serum cholesterol as a function of splenic parasite load. 
  • Hypermutation in T cells questioned. 
  • IFN-gamma production in response to neuropathogenic Cas-Br-M murine leukemia virus infection. 
  • IL-10-producing regulatory B10 cells inhibit intestinal injury in a mouse model. 
  • IL-15 regulates homeostasis and terminal maturation of NKT cells. 
  • IL-17 Production of Neutrophils Enhances Antibacteria Ability but Promotes Arthritis Development During Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection. 
  • Identification of a tissue-specific, C/EBPβ-dependent pathway of differentiation for murine peritoneal macrophages. 
  • Identification of the subunit structure of rat pineal adrenergic receptors by photoaffinity labeling. 
  • Identifying regulatory B cells (B10 cells) that produce IL-10 in mice. 
  • Ig VH hypermutation is absent in the germinal centers of aged mice. 
  • Imaging-guided percutaneous biopsy of focal splenic lesions: update on safety and effectiveness. 
  • Immune mechanisms responsible for vaccination against and clearance of mucosal and lymphatic norovirus infection. 
  • Immune responses during administration of adriamycin and Corynebacterium parvum. 
  • Immune responses to coiled coil supramolecular biomaterials. 
  • Immunization of rabbits with highly purified, soluble, trimeric human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope glycoprotein induces a vigorous B cell response and broadly cross-reactive neutralization. 
  • Immunologic and hematopoietic alterations by 2,450-MHz electromagnetic radiation. 
  • Immunologic characterization of CD7-deficient mice. 
  • Immunologic consequences of acute ethanol ingestion in rats. 
  • Immunostimulatory properties of genomic DNA from different bacterial species. 
  • Immunotherapeutic potential of tumor antigen-pulsed and unpulsed dendritic cells generated from murine bone marrow. 
  • Impaired lymphocyte transformation in Hodgkin's disease. Evidence for depletion of circulating t-lymphocytes. 
  • Impaired macrophage function underscores susceptibility to Salmonella in mice lacking Irgm1 (LRG-47). 
  • Improved SPECT quantification using compensation for scattered photons. 
  • In situ and systemic cellular immunity associated with orthotopic rat liver allograft acceptance or rejection. 
  • In situ studies of the germinal center reaction. 
  • In situ studies of the primary immune response to (4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)acetyl. I. The architecture and dynamics of responding cell populations. 
  • In situ studies of the primary immune response to (4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)acetyl. III. The kinetics of V region mutation and selection in germinal center B cells. 
  • In situ studies of the primary immune response to (4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)acetyl. IV. Affinity-dependent, antigen-driven B cell apoptosis in germinal centers as a mechanism for maintaining self-tolerance. 
  • In vitro inhibition of murine IFN gamma production by phosphorothioate deoxyguanosine oligomers. 
  • Inducers of Friend leukaemic cell differentiation in vitro--effects of in vivo administration. 
  • Inducible expression of the alpha2-macroglobulin signaling receptor in response to antigenic stimulation: a study of second messenger generation. 
  • Induction in vitro of primary cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses with DNA encoding herpes simplex virus proteins. 
  • Induction of immune activation by a novel immunomodulatory oligonucleotide without thymocyte apoptosis. 
  • Inflammasomes Coordinate Pyroptosis and Natural Killer Cell Cytotoxicity to Clear Infection by a Ubiquitous Environmental Bacterium. 
  • Influence of backbone chemistry on immune activation by synthetic oligonucleotides. 
  • Influence of splanchnic intravascular volume changes on cardiac output during muscarinic receptor stimulation in the anaesthetized dog. 
  • Inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation by a synthetic peptide homologous to retroviral envelope proteins. 
  • Innate and adaptive immunity cooperate flexibly to maintain host-microbiota mutualism. 
  • Interaction of platelet-activating factor, spleen and atrial natriuretic peptide in plasma volume regulation during endotoxaemia in rats. 
  • Interferon production in mixed cultures of murine leukocytes and syngeneic L1210 leukemia cells. 
  • Interleukin-7 receptor alpha is essential for the development of gamma delta + T cells, but not natural killer cells. 
  • International Union of Pharmacology. X. Recommendation for nomenclature of alpha 1-adrenoceptors: consensus update. 
  • Intragraft CD11b(+) IDO(+) cells mediate cardiac allograft tolerance by ECDI-fixed donor splenocyte infusions. 
  • Intraperitoneal immunity and pneumoperitoneum. 
  • Intrathecal morphine suppresses immune function in rats with inflammatory-induced pain. 
  • Intrathymic injection of donor alloantigens induces donor-specific vascularized allograft tolerance without immunosuppression. 
  • Intratumoral consumption of indium-111 labeled platelets in a patient with hemangiomatosis and intravascular coagulation (Kasabach-Merritt syndrome). 
  • Intravascular coagulation--a source of possible error in carbon-clearance determinations. 
  • Intravital imaging of Ca(2+) signals in lymphocytes of Ca(2+) biosensor transgenic mice: indication of autoimmune diseases before the pathological onset. 
  • Isolated innominate artery in asplenia syndrome with aortic atresia: newly recognized cardiovascular complex. 
  • Isolation and biological characterization of rat histocompatibility antigens. 
  • Isolation and characterization of C4-synthesizing cells from guinea-pig spleen. 
  • Isolation of human splenic macrophages and lymphocytes by countercurrent centrifugal elutriation. 
  • Kappa editing rescues autoreactive B cells destined for deletion in mice transgenic for a dual specific anti-laminin Ig. 
  • LMP2 expression and proteasome activity in NOD mice. 
  • Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG treatment improves intestinal permeability and modulates inflammatory response and homeostasis of spleen and colon in experimental model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia. 
  • Laparoscopic Splenectomy for Benign Hematological Disorders in Adults: A Systematic Review. 
  • Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy with splenic preservation. 
  • Late Infection-Related Mortality in Asplenic Survivors of Childhood Cancer: A Report From the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study. 
  • Left upper quadrant pain and intermittent bacteremia. 
  • Leukemic ascites complicating acute myelomonoblastic leukemia. 
  • Linker for activation of T cells (LAT), a novel immunohistochemical marker for T cells, NK cells, mast cells, and megakaryocytes: evaluation in normal and pathological conditions. 
  • Liver MR imaging: comparison of respiratory triggered fast spin echo with T2-weighted spin-echo and inversion recovery. 
  • Liver-to-Spleen Volume Ratio Automatically Measured on CT Predicts Decompensation in Patients with B Viral Compensated Cirrhosis. 
  • Localization of functionally different guinea-pig spleen cells in albumin gradients. 
  • Localization of mRNA for three distinct alpha 1-adrenergic receptor subtypes in human tissues: implications for human alpha-adrenergic physiology. 
  • Locus-specific somatic hypermutation in germinal centre T cells. 
  • Long-term in vivo imaging of multiple organs at the single cell level. 
  • Loss of Bcl-6-Expressing T Follicular Helper Cells and Germinal Centers in COVID-19. 
  • Loss of tolerance of anti-dsDNA B cells in mice overexpressing CD19. 
  • Lung, heart, kidney and spleen lipids in experimental tuberculosis in chicken. 
  • Lupus-specific antiribonucleoprotein B cell tolerance in nonautoimmune mice is maintained by differentiation to B-1 and governed by B cell receptor signaling thresholds. 
  • Lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, and altered immunoglobulin production in BCL3 transgenic mice. 
  • Lymphocyte accumulation in the spleen of retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor gamma-deficient mice. 
  • Lymphocyte activation, cell-mediated cytotoxicity and their relationship to dietary fat-enhanced mammary tumorigenesis in C3H/OUJ mice. 
  • Lymphocyte responses to purified ragweed allergens in vitro. I. Proliferative responses in normal, newborn, agammaglobulinemic, and atopic subjects. 
  • Lymphocyte xenoantigens recognized by preformed antibodies. 
  • Lymphopenic immunologic deficiency in identical twins: lymphocyte allografting and graft-versus-host disease following treatment with albumin-gradient-separated paternal bone marrow cells. 
  • Lymphotoxin alpha/beta and tumor necrosis factor are required for stromal cell expression of homing chemokines in B and T cell areas of the spleen. 
  • M-HIFU inhibits tumor growth, suppresses STAT3 activity and enhances tumor specific immunity in a transplant tumor model of prostate cancer. 
  • Magnetic resonance imaging after arterial portography with manganese dipyridoxal diphosphate. 
  • Magnetic resonance imaging in hemochromatosis: extrahepatic iron deposition. 
  • Mammalian C-type oncornaviruses: relationships between viral structural and cell-surface antigens and their possible significance in immunological defense mechanisms. 
  • Management of blunt hepatic and splenic trauma in a Greek level I trauma centre. 
  • Marrow transplantation for patients in accelerated phase of chronic myeloid leukemia. 
  • Melatonin enhancement of splenocyte proliferation is attenuated by luzindole, a melatonin receptor antagonist. 
  • Metastatic lesions arising in a Riedel's lobe. Findings from a sulfur colloid liver-spleen scan. 
  • Mice lacking expression of secondary lymphoid organ chemokine have defects in lymphocyte homing and dendritic cell localization. 
  • Mice lacking the p53-effector gene Gadd45a develop a lupus-like syndrome. 
  • Modulation of lymphocyte functions by group A streptococcal membrane. 
  • Molecular form of adenosine deaminase in severe combined immunodeficiency. 
  • Monoclonal antibodies to T-helper/inducer and T-suppressor/cytotoxic lymphocyte subsets recognize antigens on splenic sinusoidal lining cells. 
  • Monoclonal antibodies to tissue-specific cell surface antigens. I. Characterization of an antibody to a prostate tissue antigen. 
  • Mononuclear phagocyte accumulation in visceral tissue in HIV encephalitis: evidence for increased monocyte/macrophage trafficking and altered differentiation. 
  • Mouse cytomegalovirus reactivation in severe combined immune deficient mice after implantation of latently infected salivary gland. 
  • Multiple phenotypic changes in mice after knockout of the B3gnt5 gene, encoding Lc3 synthase--a key enzyme in lacto-neolacto ganglioside synthesis. 
  • Multivalent cross-linking of membrane Ig sensitizes murine B cells to a broader spectrum of CpG-containing oligodeoxynucleotide motifs, including their methylated counterparts, for stimulation of proliferation and Ig secretion. 
  • Murine CD7 shares antigenic cross-reactivity with HSP-60. 
  • Murine cytomegalovirus infection: hematological, morphological, and functional study of lymphoid cells. 
  • Murine cytomegalovirus retinitis during MAIDS: Susceptibility correlates with elevated intraocular levels of interleukin-4 mRNA. 
  • Murine in vitro antigenic modification of tumor cells: effect on susceptibility to natural cell-mediated cytotoxicity. 
  • Murine model of pulmonary anthrax: kinetics of dissemination, histopathology, and mouse strain susceptibility. 
  • Mutational fingerprints of aging. 
  • Mycophenolate mofetil suppresses autoimmunity and mortality in the female NZB x NZW F1 mouse model of systemic lupus erythematosus. 
  • Nasal peptide vaccination elicits CD8 responses and reduces viral burden after challenge with virulent murine cytomegalovirus. 
  • Nicotinic stimulation of splenic T cells is protective in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography-induced acute pancreatitis in mice. 
  • Noninvasive Predictors of High-Risk Varices in Patients with Non-Cirrhotic Portal Hypertension. 
  • Nonoperative Management Is as Effective as Immediate Splenectomy for Adult Patients with High-Grade Blunt Splenic Injury. 
  • Observations of tissue response to acoustic radiation force: opportunities for imaging. 
  • Oncolytic virus-derived type I interferon restricts CAR T cell therapy. 
  • Optimal pressure of abdominal gas insufflation for bleeding control in a severe swine splenic injury model. 
  • Oral administration of an Enoki mushroom protein FVE activates innate and adaptive immunity and induces anti-tumor activity against murine hepatocellular carcinoma. 
  • Organ distribution of Corynebacterium parvum labeled with iodine-125. 
  • Organ iron accumulation in chronically transfused children with sickle cell anaemia: baseline results from the TWiTCH trial. 
  • PG27, an extract of Tripterygium wilfordii hook f, induces antigen-specific tolerance in bone marrow transplantation in mice. 
  • PLG scaffold delivered antigen-specific regulatory T cells induce systemic tolerance in autoimmune diabetes. 
  • Parasympathetic stimulation via the vagus nerve prevents systemic organ dysfunction by abrogating gut injury and lymph toxicity in trauma and hemorrhagic shock. 
  • Partial splenectomy for hereditary spherocytosis: a multi-institutional review. 
  • Pathogen-specific loss of host resistance in mice lacking the IFN-gamma-inducible gene IGTP. 
  • Pathogenesis of NOD diabetes is initiated by reactivity to the insulin B chain 9-23 epitope and involves functional epitope spreading. 
  • Patterns of fluid accumulation in splenic trauma: demonstration by CT. 
  • Peptide hormone "receptors": specific binding of 3 H-FSH to testis. 
  • Permanent protection of PLG scaffold transplanted allogeneic islet grafts in diabetic mice treated with ECDI-fixed donor splenocyte infusions. 
  • Persistent nuclear factor-kappa B activation in Ucp2-/- mice leads to enhanced nitric oxide and inflammatory cytokine production. 
  • Persistent thrombocytopaenia in a young man with splenomegaly, rebound thrombocytosis after splenectomy and subsequent pulmonary embolism: splenic littoral cell angioma and associated events. 
  • Perturbations in S-adenosylhomocysteine and S-adenosylmethionine metabolism: effects on transmethylation. 
  • Pharmacodynamics of basic fibroblast growth factor: route of administration determines myocardial and systemic distribution. 
  • Phenotypic subpopulations of macrophages and dendritic cells in human spleen. 
  • Photoaffinity labeling of mammalian alpha 1-adrenergic receptors. Identification of the ligand binding subunit with a high affinity radioiodinated probe. 
  • Photoinitiated destruction of composite porphyrin-protein polymersomes. 
  • Photoperiodic adjustments in immune function protect Siberian hamsters from lethal endotoxemia. 
  • Physiological receptors as physicochemical entities. 
  • Plexin-B2 negatively regulates macrophage motility, Rac, and Cdc42 activation. 
  • Polysplenia with pulmonary arteriovenous malformations. 
  • Population-based and Personalized Reference Intervals for Liver and Spleen Volumes in Healthy Individuals and Those with Viral Hepatitis. 
  • Postmitotic expression of ankyrinR and beta R-spectrin in discrete neuronal populations of the rat brain. 
  • Preemptive Tolerogenic Delivery of Donor Antigens for Permanent Allogeneic Islet Graft Protection. 
  • Preemptive donor apoptotic cell infusions induce IFN-γ-producing myeloid-derived suppressor cells for cardiac allograft protection. 
  • Preparation and preliminary evaluation of 4-[211At]astato-N-piperidinoethyl benzamide. 
  • Prevention of graft-versus-host disease by peptides binding to class II major histocompatibility complex molecules. 
  • Production of progestin-stimulatory factor(s) by enriched populations of rat T and B lymphocytes. 
  • Proinflammatory actions of thromboxane receptors to enhance cellular immune responses. 
  • Properties of mouse leukemia viruses. XIII. Serum therapy of virus-induced murine leukemias. 
  • Protease-activated receptor-2 signaling triggers dendritic cell development. 
  • Protein farnesyltransferase in embryogenesis, adult homeostasis, and tumor development. 
  • Race and glomerulonephritis in patients with and without hepatosplenic Schistosomiasis mansoni. 
  • Radiation and a metalloporphyrin radioprotectant in a mouse prostate tumor model. 
  • Rapid translocation of bacteria in small bowel transplantation. 
  • Real-world effectiveness of eliglustat in treatment-naïve and switch patients enrolled in the International Collaborative Gaucher Group Gaucher Registry. 
  • Reciprocal expansions of idiotypic and anti-idiotypic clones following antigen stimulation. 
  • Recombinant Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guerin elicits human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope-specific T lymphocytes at mucosal sites. 
  • Reculturing of cells from primary CFU-C colonies. 
  • Reduced virulence of an extensively drug-resistant outbreak strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a murine model. 
  • Reexamination of the chromium-51-labeled posttransfusion red blood cell recovery method. 
  • Regulation of T cell function by microRNA-720. 
  • Regulation of steady-state neutrophil homeostasis by macrophages. 
  • Regulation of the B cell response to T-dependent antigens by classical pathway complement. 
  • Regulation of the immune response. I. Regulatory cell equilibrium in the "virgin" state. 
  • Regulation of the immune response. II. Concomitant idiotope-specific enhancement and suppression can result in a phenotypically normal response. 
  • Regulatory B cells inhibit EAE initiation in mice while other B cells promote disease progression. 
  • Regulatory B cells suppress imiquimod-induced, psoriasis-like skin inflammation. 
  • Regulatory B10 cell development and function. 
  • Relative expression of aromatase cytochrome P450 in human fetal tissues as determined by competitive polymerase chain reaction amplification. 
  • Relaxed negative selection in germinal centers and impaired affinity maturation in bcl-xL transgenic mice. 
  • Resistance of an adenosine kinase-deficient human lymphoblastoid cell line to effects of deoxyadenosine on growth, S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase inactivation, and dATP accumulation. 
  • Retinoic acid modulation of alpha(1-->2) fucosyltransferase activity and sensitivity of tumor cells to LAK-mediated cytotoxicity. 
  • Retinoid-related orphan receptor gamma (RORgamma) is essential for lymphoid organogenesis and controls apoptosis during thymopoiesis. 
  • Retrovirus-elicited interleukin-12 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha as inducers of interferon-gamma-mediated pathology in mouse AIDS. 
  • Rhipicephalus sanguineus: vector of a new spotted fever group rickettsia in the United States. 
  • Risks and Realities of Delayed Splenic Bleeding. 
  • Role of the heat shock protein 90 in immune response stimulation by bacterial DNA and synthetic oligonucleotides. 
  • Role of tumor suppressor TSC1 in regulating antigen-specific primary and memory CD8 T cell responses to bacterial infection. 
  • Selective immunoglobulin deficiency associated with thymic alymphoplasia. 
  • Self-antigen-presenting cells expressing diabetes-associated autoantigens exist in both thymus and peripheral lymphoid organs. 
  • Sequence complexity of nuclear RNAs in adult rat tissues. 
  • Sequential activation of splenic nuclear RNA polymerases by erythropoietin. 
  • Sequestration of T cells in bone marrow in the setting of glioblastoma and other intracranial tumors. 
  • Severely blunted allergen-induced pulmonary Th2 cell response and lung hyperresponsiveness in type 1 transient receptor potential channel-deficient mice. 
  • Short-term outcomes of splenectomy avoidance in trauma patients. 
  • Sites of B-cell activation in vivo. 
  • Specific interaction of 3H-FSH with rat testis binding sites. 
  • Spectral diffusion: an algorithm for robust material decomposition of spectral CT data. 
  • Spleen lipids: effect of whole body gamma irradiation and radioprotective chemicals. 
  • Splenic Irradiation for the Treatment of Severe Antibody-Mediated Rejection. 
  • Splenic contraction: a new member of the hypovolemic shock complex. 
  • Splenic magnetic resonance imaging using particulate agents. 
  • Splenorenal shunt with underlying cirrhosis of the liver. 
  • Splenorrhaphy: CT appearance. 
  • Spontaneous formation of germinal centers in autoimmune mice. 
  • Spontaneous necrosis and hemorrhage in an enlarged accessory spleen: CT demonstration. 
  • Spores as infectious propagules of Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Statin--a novel marker of nonproliferation. Expression in nonneoplastic lymphoid tissues and follicular lymphomas. 
  • Stimulation of in vitro murine lymphocyte proliferation by bacterial DNA. 
  • Stochastic pairing of heavy-chain and kappa light-chain variable gene families occurs in polyclonally activated B cells. 
  • Stoichiometry of the T cell antigen receptor (TCR) complex: each TCR/CD3 complex contains one TCR alpha, one TCR beta, and two CD3 epsilon chains. 
  • Studies on the mechanism and specificity of the effect of the synthetic random copolymer GLAT on graft-versus-host disease. 
  • Subcutaneous vaccination with irradiated, cytokine-producing tumor cells stimulates CD8+ cell-mediated immunity against tumors located in the "immunologically privileged" central nervous system. 
  • Suppression of Glut1 and Glucose Metabolism by Decreased Akt/mTORC1 Signaling Drives T Cell Impairment in B Cell Leukemia. 
  • Suppression of hepatic allograft rejection in the rat by mitomycin C-treated donor splenocytes: analysis of the immune status. 
  • Suppression of renal disease and mortality in the female NZB x NZW F1 mouse model of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) by chenodeoxycholic acid. 
  • Synergistic effect of influenza a virus on endotoxin-induced mortality in rat pups: a potential model for sudden infant death syndrome. 
  • Systemic vector leakage and transgene expression by intratumorally injected recombinant adenovirus vectors. 
  • T-independent activation-induced cytidine deaminase expression, class-switch recombination, and antibody production by immature/transitional 1 B cells. 
  • TSC1 Promotes B Cell Maturation but Is Dispensable for Germinal Center Formation. 
  • Targeting T-cell oxidative metabolism to improve influenza survival in a mouse model of obesity. 
  • Targeting molecular and cellular inhibitory mechanisms for improvement of antitumor memory responses reactivated by tumor cell vaccine. 
  • The BET-Bromodomain Inhibitor JQ1 Reduces Inflammation and Tau Phosphorylation at Ser396 in the Brain of the 3xTg Model of Alzheimer's Disease. 
  • The CD19 signal transduction molecule is a response regulator of B-lymphocyte differentiation. 
  • The Impact of Race and Socioeconomic Status on Treatment and Outcomes of Blunt Splenic Injury. 
  • The association of enhancement of renal allograft survival by donor-specific blood transfusion with host MHC-linked inhibition of IgG anti-donor class I alloantibody responses. 
  • The clinical benefit of ruxolitinib across patient subgroups: analysis of a placebo-controlled, Phase III study in patients with myelofibrosis. 
  • The combined functions of proapoptotic Bcl-2 family members bak and bax are essential for normal development of multiple tissues. 
  • The common mucosal immune system: from basic principles to enteric vaccines with relevance for the female reproductive tract. 
  • The effect of anticoagulation on outcomes after liver and spleen injuries: A research consortium of New England centers for trauma (ReCONECT) study. 
  • The effect of unilateral limb shielding on the haemopoietic response of the guinea-pig to gamma irradiation (150 r.). 
  • The effector component of the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response has a biphasic pattern after burn injury. 
  • The effects of donor-specific blood transfusion enhancement of rat renal allografts on cytotoxic activity and phenotypes of peripheral blood lymphocytes, splenocytes, and graft-infiltrating cells. 
  • The effects of hepatic cryosurgery on tumor growth in the liver. 
  • The expression of plasma nucleosomes in mice undergoing in vivo apoptosis. 
  • The function of heme-regulated eIF2alpha kinase in murine iron homeostasis and macrophage maturation. 
  • The germinal center reaction. 
  • The importance of LAT in the activation, homeostasis, and regulatory function of T cells. 
  • The in vivo balance between B cell clonal expansion and elimination is regulated by CD95 both on B cells and in their micro-environment. 
  • The induction of tolerance and suppression in autoimmune MRL mice using hapten-modified self. 
  • The influence of base sequence on the immunological properties of defined oligonucleotides. 
  • The innate mononuclear phagocyte network depletes B lymphocytes through Fc receptor-dependent mechanisms during anti-CD20 antibody immunotherapy. 
  • The intragraft CD8+ T cell response in renal allograft rejection in the mouse. 
  • The prolyl isomerase Pin1 modulates development of CD8+ cDC in mice. 
  • The role of ACAID and CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells on CTL function against MHC alloantigens. 
  • The role of LAT-PLCγ1 interaction in γδ T cell development and homeostasis. 
  • The role of bone marrow and thymic elements in the initiation and spread of virus production in the AKR thymus. 
  • The role of class I major histocompatibility complex antigens in prolonging the survival of hepatic allografts in the rat. 
  • The role of the macrophage scavenger receptor in immune stimulation by bacterial DNA and synthetic oligonucleotides. 
  • The use of enzyme therapy to regulate the metabolic and phenotypic consequences of adenosine deaminase deficiency in mice. Differential impact on pulmonary and immunologic abnormalities. 
  • The use of ultrasound to enhance the diagnostic utility of the equivocal liver scintigraph. 
  • Thymic requirement for cyclical idiotypic and reciprocal anti-idiotypic immune responses to a T-independent antigen. 
  • Time course and mechanism of alterations in proton relaxation during liver regeneration in the rat. 
  • Tissue relaxation time: in vivo field dependence. 
  • Tissue-specific expression of the human CD19 gene in transgenic mice inhibits antigen-independent B-lymphocyte development. 
  • Tissue-specific inactivation of murine M6P/IGF2R. 
  • Tolerance induced by apoptotic antigen-coupled leukocytes is induced by PD-L1+ and IL-10-producing splenic macrophages and maintained by T regulatory cells. 
  • Tracing Self-Reactive B Cells in Normal Mice. 
  • Transfer of CD8+ T cell memory using Bcl-2 as a marker. 
  • Transformation of hairy cell leukemia to EBV genome-containing aggressive B cell lymphoma. 
  • Transient B-cell depletion combined with apoptotic donor splenocytes induces xeno-specific T- and B-cell tolerance to islet xenografts. 
  • Transplantation and in vivo imaging of multilineage engraftment in zebrafish bloodless mutants. 
  • Tumor resistance in rats immunized to fetal tissues. 
  • Tumor-dendritic cell fusion as a basis for cancer immunotherapy. 
  • Tumour-dormant states established with L5178Y lymphoma cells in immunised syngeneic murine hosts. 
  • Two distinct forms of soluble MHC class I molecules synthesized by different mechanisms in normal rat cells in vitro. 
  • Two-second MR images: comparison with spin-echo images in 29 patients. 
  • Ultra-low dose of Mycobacterium tuberculosis aerosol creates partial infection in mice. 
  • Ultraviolet light exposure suppresses contact hypersensitivity by abrogating endothelial intercellular adhesion molecule-1 up-regulation at the elicitation site. 
  • Ultraviolet-light-inactivated Cas-Br-M murine leukemia virus induces a protective CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte response in newborn mice. 
  • Upper gastrointestinal bleeding from gastric submucosal arterial collaterals secondary to splenic artery occlusion: treatment by splenectomy and partial gastric devascularization. 
  • Vaccination after spleen embolization: A practice management guideline from the Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma. 
  • Variable allograft responses to pretreatment with donor splenocytes treated with mitomycin C in the rat. 
  • Viral infection-homograft interactions in a murine model. 
  • Viral regulatory region effects on vertical transmission of polyomavirus SV40 in hamsters. 
  • Virus binding to a plasma membrane receptor triggers interleukin-1 alpha-mediated proinflammatory macrophage response in vivo. 
  • Wasting and macrophage production of tumor necrosis factor/cachectin and interleukin 1 in experimental visceral leishmaniasis. 
  • XVIII. Effective treatment of AKR leukemia with antibody to gp7 1 eliminates the neonatal burst of ecotropic AKR virus producing cells. 
  • Xenoreactivity of fetal and neonatal baboon intracellular antibody against the pig. 
  • Zebra pattern: a diagnostically challenging hepatic parenchymal enhancement pattern at CT arterial portography. 
  • [Lymphocyte subpopulations in spleen and blood after early wound debridement and acute/chronic treatment with hyperbaric oxygen]. 
  • α7-cholinergic receptor mediates vagal induction of splenic norepinephrine. 
• 

  Keywords of People

  • Bradford, William Dalton, Professor of Pathology, Pathology
  • Chen, Jun, Professor of Medicine, Duke Cancer Institute
  • Cianciolo, George James, Associate Professor Emeritus of Pathology, Pathology
  • Gunn, Michael Dee, Professor of Medicine, Integrative Immunobiology
  • Kelsoe, Garnett H., James B. Duke Distinguished Professor of Immunology, Integrative Immunobiology
  • Kim, Charles Yoon, Professor of Radiology, Radiology, Interventional Radiology
  • Krangel, Michael S., George Barth Geller Distinguished Professor of Immunology, Integrative Immunobiology
  • Pitt, Geoffrey Stuart, Adjunct Professor in the Department of Medicine, Medicine, Cardiology
  • Sampson, John Howard, Robert H., M.D. and Gloria Wilkins Professor of Neurosurgery, in the School of Medicine, Biomedical Engineering
  • Shinohara, Mari L., Professor of Integrative Immunobiology, Cell Biology
  • Sullivan, Daniel Carl, Professor Emeritus of Radiology, Radiology
  • Zhong, Xiaoping, Professor of Pediatrics, Integrative Immunobiology