Viremia

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  Subject Areas on Research

  • A Natural Impact: NK Cells at the Intersection of Cancer and HIV Disease. 
  • A Possible Sterilizing Cure of HIV-1 Infection Without Stem Cell Transplantation. 
  • A Prime/Boost Vaccine Regimen Alters the Rectal Microbiome and Impacts Immune Responses and Viremia Control Post-Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Male and Female Rhesus Macaques. 
  • A longitudinal molecular surveillance study of human polyomavirus viremia in heart, kidney, liver, and pancreas transplant patients. 
  • A novel method for detection and ex vivo expansion of HIV type 1-specific cytolytic T lymphocytes. 
  • A phase I trial of an antisense inhibitor of hepatitis C virus (ISIS 14803), administered to chronic hepatitis C patients. 
  • A randomized study of antiviral medication switch at lower- versus higher-switch thresholds: AIDS Clinical Trials Group Study A5115. 
  • Acute-phase CD8 T cell responses that select for escape variants are needed to control live attenuated simian immunodeficiency virus. 
  • Administration of vorinostat disrupts HIV-1 latency in patients on antiretroviral therapy. 
  • Age matters: older age as a risk factor for CMV reactivation in the CMV serostatus-positive kidney transplant recipient. 
  • Anti-HIV antibody development up to 1 year after antiretroviral therapy initiation in acute HIV infection. 
  • Antibody to the gp120 V1/V2 loops and CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses in protection from SIVmac251 vaginal acquisition and persistent viremia. 
  • Antiretroviral intensification and valproic acid lack sustained effect on residual HIV-1 viremia or resting CD4+ cell infection. 
  • Association of plasma levels of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA and oropharyngeal Candida colonization. 
  • Breadth and magnitude of antigen-specific antibody responses in the control of plasma viremia in simian immunodeficiency virus infected macaques. 
  • Brincidofovir (CMX001) Toxicity Associated With Epithelial Apoptosis and Crypt Drop Out in a Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Patient: Challenges in Distinguishing Drug Toxicity From GVHD. 
  • Brincidofovir for Asymptomatic Adenovirus Viremia in Pediatric and Adult Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Recipients: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Phase II Trial. 
  • Caring for the suffering: meeting the Ebola crisis responsibly. 
  • Changing antiretroviral therapy in the setting of virologic relapse: review of the current literature. 
  • Cocrystal Structures of Antibody N60-i3 and Antibody JR4 in Complex with gp120 Define More Cluster A Epitopes Involved in Effective Antibody-Dependent Effector Function against HIV-1. 
  • Codelivery of Envelope Protein in Alum with MVA Vaccine Induces CXCR3-Biased CXCR5+ and CXCR5- CD4 T Cell Responses in Rhesus Macaques. 
  • Combination therapy with anti-HIV-1 antibodies maintains viral suppression. 
  • Comparison of cytomegalovirus polymerase chain reaction and serology for screening umbilical cord blood components. 
  • Containment of simian immunodeficiency virus infection in vaccinated macaques: correlation with the magnitude of virus-specific pre- and postchallenge CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses. 
  • Control of simian/human immunodeficiency virus viremia and disease progression after IL-2-augmented DNA-modified vaccinia virus Ankara nasal vaccination in nonhuman primates. 
  • Control of viremia and maintenance of intestinal CD4(+) memory T cells in SHIV(162P3) infected macaques after pathogenic SIV(MAC251) challenge. 
  • Control of viremia and prevention of clinical AIDS in rhesus monkeys by cytokine-augmented DNA vaccination. 
  • Control of viremia in simian immunodeficiency virus infection by CD8+ lymphocytes. 
  • Correlation between env V1/V2 region diversification and neutralizing antibodies during primary infection by simian immunodeficiency virus sm in rhesus macaques. 
  • Correlation of vaccine-elicited systemic and mucosal nonneutralizing antibody activities with reduced acute viremia following intrarectal simian immunodeficiency virus SIVmac251 challenge of rhesus macaques. 
  • Cytomegalovirus Infection Management in Multivisceral and Intestinal Transplant: A Dual Institution Study. 
  • DNA and virus particle vaccination protects against acquisition and confers control of viremia upon heterologous simian immunodeficiency virus challenge. 
  • DNA vaccination in rhesus macaques induces potent immune responses and decreases acute and chronic viremia after SIVmac251 challenge. 
  • DNA vaccines expressing different forms of simian immunodeficiency virus antigens decrease viremia upon SIVmac251 challenge. 
  • DNA-MVA vaccine protection after X4 SHIV challenge in macaques correlates with day-of-challenge antiviral CD4+ cell-mediated immunity levels and postchallenge preservation of CD4+ T cell memory. 
  • Decreased human immunodeficiency virus type 1 plasma viremia during antiretroviral therapy reflects downregulation of viral replication in lymphoid tissue. 
  • Decreasing CD4+ T-cell count during suppressed or low-level viraemia in patients with HIV infection. 
  • Differential CMV-specific CD8+ effector T cell responses in the lung allograft predominate over the blood during human primary infection. 
  • Disseminated Adenovirus Infection After Combined Liver-Kidney Transplantation. 
  • Distinct mechanisms of long-term virologic control in two HIV-infected individuals after treatment interruption of anti-retroviral therapy. 
  • Early clearance of Chikungunya virus in children is associated with a strong innate immune response. 
  • Ebola virus antibody decay-stimulation in a high proportion of survivors. 
  • Effect of humoral immune responses on controlling viremia during primary infection of rhesus monkeys with simian immunodeficiency virus. 
  • Elevation of intact and proteolytic fragments of acute phase proteins constitutes the earliest systemic antiviral response in HIV-1 infection. 
  • Elite Control, Gut CD4 T Cell Sparing, and Enhanced Mucosal T Cell Responses in Macaca nemestrina Infected by a Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Lacking a gp41 Trafficking Motif. 
  • Emergence of simian immunodeficiency virus-specific cytotoxic CD4+ T cells and increased humoral responses correlate with control of rebounding viremia in CD8-depleted macaques infected with Rev-independent live-attenuated simian immunodeficiency virus. 
  • Evaluation of CD8+ T-cell and antibody responses following transient increased viraemia in rhesus macaques infected with live, attenuated simian immunodeficiency virus. 
  • Evaluation of clinical outcomes of prophylactic versus preemptive cytomegalovirus strategy in liver transplant recipients. 
  • Evaluation of immune responses to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in pigs during early stage of infection under farm conditions. 
  • Expression levels of TLRs involved in viral recognition in PBMCs from HIV-1-infected patients failing antiretroviral therapy. 
  • Extended valganciclovir prophylaxis to prevent cytomegalovirus after lung transplantation: a randomized, controlled trial. 
  • Favorable and unfavorable HLA class I alleles and haplotypes in Zambians predominantly infected with clade C human immunodeficiency virus type 1. 
  • Functional impairment of HIV-specific CD8⁺ T cells precedes aborted spontaneous control of viremia. 
  • GM-CSF DNA: an adjuvant for higher avidity IgG, rectal IgA, and increased protection against the acute phase of a SHIV-89.6P challenge by a DNA/MVA immunodeficiency virus vaccine. 
  • HIV-1 diversity and compartmentalization in urine, semen, and blood. 
  • HIV-1 infection-induced apoptotic microparticles inhibit human DCs via CD44. 
  • HIV-1 superinfection despite broad CD8+ T-cell responses containing replication of the primary virus. 
  • HIV-1-specific CD4+ T lymphocyte turnover and activation increase upon viral rebound. 
  • Hepatic immunopathology during occult hepacivirus re-infection. 
  • Hepatitis B and C co-infection are independent predictors of progressive kidney disease in HIV-positive, antiretroviral-treated adults. 
  • Hepatitis C-induced hepatic allograft injury is associated with a pretransplantation elevated viral replication rate. 
  • High antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity responses are correlated with strong CD8 T cell viral suppressive activity but not with B57 status in HIV-1 elite controllers. 
  • High-level, lasting antiviral immunity induced by a bimodal AIDS vaccine and boosted by live-virus exposure: prevention of viremia. 
  • Immune-profiling of SARS-CoV-2 viremic patients reveals dysregulated innate immune responses. 
  • Immunogenicity of AGS-004 Dendritic Cell Therapy in Patients Treated During Acute HIV Infection. 
  • Infection of monkeys by simian-human immunodeficiency viruses with transmitted/founder clade C HIV-1 envelopes. 
  • Infections after kidney transplantation. Does age matter? 
  • Inflammasome expression and cytomegalovirus viremia in critically ill patients with sepsis. 
  • Inhibition of adaptive immune responses leads to a fatal clinical outcome in SIV-infected pigtailed macaques but not vervet African green monkeys. 
  • Initial B-cell responses to transmitted human immunodeficiency virus type 1: virion-binding immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG antibodies followed by plasma anti-gp41 antibodies with ineffective control of initial viremia. 
  • Initial antibodies binding to HIV-1 gp41 in acutely infected subjects are polyreactive and highly mutated. 
  • Initiation of antiretroviral therapy during primary HIV-1 infection induces rapid stabilization of the T-cell receptor beta chain repertoire and reduces the level of T-cell oligoclonality. 
  • Interleukin-15 enhances the secretion of IFN-gamma and CC chemokines by natural killer cells from HIV viremic and aviremic patients. 
  • Kinetics of expansion of SIV Gag-specific CD8+ T lymphocytes following challenge of vaccinated macaques. 
  • Kinetics of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) DNA and RNA synthesis during primary HIV-1 infection. 
  • Learning to Be Elite: Lessons From HIV-1 Controllers and Animal Models on Trained Innate Immunity and Virus Suppression. 
  • Life-threatening Cache Valley virus infection. 
  • Limited ability of humoral immune responses in control of viremia during infection with SIVsmmD215 strain. 
  • Long-term control of simian immunodeficiency virus mac251 viremia to undetectable levels in half of infected female rhesus macaques nasally vaccinated with simian immunodeficiency virus DNA/recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara. 
  • Long-term vaccine protection from AIDS and clearance of viral DNA following SHIV89.6P challenge. 
  • Longitudinal assessment of immune response and viral characteristics in HIV-infected patients with prolonged CD4(+)/viral load discordance. 
  • Low-dose rectal inoculation of rhesus macaques by SIVsmE660 or SIVmac251 recapitulates human mucosal infection by HIV-1. 
  • Maribavir for Refractory Cytomegalovirus Infections With or Without Resistance Post-Transplant: Results From a Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial. 
  • Maximizing utilization of the donor pool by appropriate classification of hepatitis C antibody-positive donors. 
  • Modelling HIV immune response and validation with clinical data. 
  • Murine cytomegalovirus infection: hematological, morphological, and functional study of lymphoid cells. 
  • Natural Killer Cells Regulate Acute SIV Replication, Dissemination, and Inflammation, but Do Not Impact Independent Transmission Events. 
  • Neutralizing antibodies as a potential secondary protective mechanism during chronic SHIV infection in CD8+ T-cell-depleted macaques. 
  • Neutralizing antibodies associated with viremia control in a subset of individuals after treatment of acute human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. 
  • Neutralizing antibody responses to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in primary infection and long-term-nonprogressive infection. 
  • Novel Strategy To Adapt Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Virus E1 Carrying env from an RV144 Volunteer to Rhesus Macaques: Coreceptor Switch and Final Recovery of a Pathogenic Virus with Exclusive R5 Tropism. 
  • Oral Coadministration of an Intramuscular DNA/Modified Vaccinia Ankara Vaccine for Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Is Associated with Better Control of Infection in Orally Exposed Infant Macaques. 
  • Oral SIV, SHIV, and HIV type 1 infection. 
  • Partial efficacy of a broadly neutralizing antibody against cell-associated SHIV infection. 
  • Passive immunization of newborn rhesus macaques prevents oral simian immunodeficiency virus infection. 
  • Passive immunotherapy in simian immunodeficiency virus-infected macaques accelerates the development of neutralizing antibodies. 
  • Passive infusion of immune serum into simian immunodeficiency virus-infected rhesus macaques undergoing a rapid disease course has minimal effect on plasma viremia. 
  • Pathogenicity of simian-human immunodeficiency virus SHIV-89.6P and SIVmac is attenuated in cynomolgus macaques and associated with early T-lymphocyte responses. 
  • Persistent and Prolonged Parvovirus B19 Viremia in a Pediatric Patient With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. 
  • Pharmacodynamics of oral ganciclovir and valganciclovir in solid organ transplant recipients. 
  • Polyclonal Broadly Neutralizing Antibody Activity Characterized by CD4 Binding Site and V3-Glycan Antibodies in a Subset of HIV-1 Virus Controllers. 
  • Polyfunctional T-Cell Signatures to Predict Protection from Cytomegalovirus after Lung Transplantation. 
  • Polyvalent DNA prime and envelope protein boost HIV-1 vaccine elicits humoral and cellular responses and controls plasma viremia in rhesus macaques following rectal challenge with an R5 SHIV isolate. 
  • Practice patterns and incidence of adenovirus infection in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant recipients: Multicenter survey of transplant centers in the United States. 
  • Preclinical studies of human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS vaccines: inverse correlation between avidity of anti-Env antibodies and peak postchallenge viremia. 
  • Preexisting vaccinia virus immunity decreases SIV-specific cellular immunity but does not diminish humoral immunity and efficacy of a DNA/MVA vaccine. 
  • Primary cytomegalovirus phosphoprotein 65-specific CD8+ T-cell responses and T-bet levels predict immune control during early chronic infection in lung transplant recipients. 
  • Prime-boost vaccination with heterologous live vectors encoding SIV gag and multimeric HIV-1 gp160 protein: efficacy against repeated mucosal R5 clade C SHIV challenges. 
  • Prolonged tenofovir treatment of macaques infected with K65R reverse transcriptase mutants of SIV results in the development of antiviral immune responses that control virus replication after drug withdrawal. 
  • Properties of mouse leukemia viruses. XVII. Factors required for successful treatment of spontaneous AKR leukemia by antibodies against gp71. 
  • Quantitation of hepatitis B viremia and emergence of YMDD variants in patients with chronic hepatitis B treated with lamivudine. 
  • Rapid SIV Env-specific mucosal and serum antibody induction augments cellular immunity in protecting immunized, elite-controller macaques against high dose heterologous SIV challenge. 
  • Rebound of plasma viremia following cessation of antiretroviral therapy despite profoundly low levels of HIV reservoir: implications for eradication. 
  • Reduction of peak viremia by an integration-defective SIV proviral DNA vaccine in rhesus macaques. 
  • Relationship Among Viremia/Viral Infection, Alloimmunity, and Nutritional Parameters in the First Year After Pediatric Kidney Transplantation. 
  • Replicating adenovirus HIV/SIV recombinant priming alone or in combination with a gp140 protein boost results in significant control of viremia following a SHIV89.6P challenge in Mamu-A*01 negative rhesus macaques. 
  • Replicating adenovirus-simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) recombinant priming and envelope protein boosting elicits localized, mucosal IgA immunity in rhesus macaques correlated with delayed acquisition following a repeated low-dose rectal SIV(mac251) challenge. 
  • Resistance to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro as a surrogate of vaccine-induced protective immunity. 
  • Resistance to infection, early and persistent suppression of simian immunodeficiency virus SIVmac251 viremia, and significant reduction of tissue viral burden after mucosal vaccination in female rhesus macaques. 
  • Rev-independent simian immunodeficiency virus strains are nonpathogenic in neonatal macaques. 
  • Risk factors for cytomegalovirus viremia and disease developing after prophylaxis in high-risk solid-organ transplant recipients. 
  • SARS-CoV-2 viral load is associated with increased disease severity and mortality. 
  • SMAC Mimetic Plus Triple-Combination Bispecific HIVxCD3 Retargeting Molecules in SHIV.C.CH505-Infected, Antiretroviral Therapy-Suppressed Rhesus Macaques. 
  • Safety and antiviral activity of combination HIV-1 broadly neutralizing antibodies in viremic individuals. 
  • Safety and antiviral activity of triple combination broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibody therapy against HIV-1: a phase 1 clinical trial. 
  • Sensitive detection of human cytomegalovirus in tumors and peripheral blood of patients diagnosed with glioblastoma. 
  • Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Viremia Is Associated With Coronavirus Disease 2019 Severity and Predicts Clinical Outcomes. 
  • Short communication: characteristics of effective immune control of simian/human immunodeficiency virus in pigtail macaques. 
  • Signature for long-term vaccine-mediated control of a Simian and human immunodeficiency virus 89.6P challenge: stable low-breadth and low-frequency T-cell response capable of coproducing gamma interferon and interleukin-2. 
  • Single-dose safety, pharmacology, and antiviral activity of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 entry inhibitor PRO 542 in HIV-infected adults. 
  • Stable Latent HIV Infection and Low-level Viremia Despite Treatment With the Broadly Neutralizing Antibody VRC07-523LS and the Latency Reversal Agent Vorinostat. 
  • Studies in subjects with long-term nonprogressive human immunodeficiency virus infection. 
  • Studies using a viral challenge and CD8 T cell depletions on the roles of cellular and humoral immunity in the control of an SHIV-89.6P challenge in DNA/MVA-vaccinated macaques. 
  • Suppression of adaptive immune responses during primary SIV infection of sabaeus African green monkeys delays partial containment of viremia but does not induce disease. 
  • Surface expression patterns of negative regulatory molecules identify determinants of virus-specific CD8+ T-cell exhaustion in HIV infection. 
  • Systemic immunization with an ALVAC-HIV-1/protein boost vaccine strategy protects rhesus macaques from CD4+ T-cell loss and reduces both systemic and mucosal simian-human immunodeficiency virus SHIVKU2 RNA levels. 
  • The Expression of Functional Vpx during Pathogenic SIVmac Infections of Rhesus Macaques Suppresses SAMHD1 in CD4+ Memory T Cells. 
  • The first T cell response to transmitted/founder virus contributes to the control of acute viremia in HIV-1 infection. 
  • The qualitative nature of the primary immune response to HIV infection is a prognosticator of disease progression independent of the initial level of plasma viremia. 
  • Time dependence of protective post-exposure prophylaxis with human monoclonal antibodies against pathogenic SHIV challenge in newborn macaques. 
  • Treatment of intracranial alphavirus infections in mice by a combination of specific antibodies and an interferon inducer. 
  • Vaccination against heterologous R5 clade C SHIV: prevention of infection and correlates of protection. 
  • Vaccination of macaques with long-standing SIVmac251 infection lowers the viral set point after cessation of antiretroviral therapy. 
  • Vaccination with Vaxfectin(®) adjuvanted SIV DNA induces long-lasting humoral immune responses able to reduce SIVmac251 Viremia. 
  • Vaccine-Induced, High-Magnitude HIV Env-Specific Antibodies with Fc-Mediated Effector Functions Are Insufficient to Protect Infant Rhesus Macaques against Oral SHIV Infection. 
  • Vaccine-elicited immune responses prevent clinical AIDS in SHIV(89.6P)-infected rhesus monkeys. 
  • Valproic acid without intensified antiviral therapy has limited impact on persistent HIV infection of resting CD4+ T cells. 
  • Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus transmission and effect on pathogenesis. 
  • Viral genetic evolution in macaques infected with molecularly cloned simian immunodeficiency virus correlates with the extent of persistent viremia. 
  • Viremia control despite escape from a rapid and potent autologous neutralizing antibody response after therapy cessation in an HIV-1-infected individual. 
  • Vironome of Kaposi sarcoma associated herpesvirus-inflammatory cytokine syndrome in an AIDS patient reveals co-infection of human herpesvirus 8 and human herpesvirus 6A. 
  • Virulence and viremia characteristics of 1992 epizootic subtype IC Venezuelan equine encephalitis viruses and closely related enzootic subtype ID strains. 
  • Virus-Like Particles Displaying Trimeric Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV) Envelope gp160 Enhance the Breadth of DNA/Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara SIV Vaccine-Induced Antibody Responses in Rhesus Macaques. 
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  Keywords of People

  • Ferrari, Guido, Professor in Surgery, Molecular Genetics and Microbiology
  • Kelsoe, Garnett H., James B. Duke Distinguished Professor of Immunology, Integrative Immunobiology
  • Sampson, John Howard, Robert H., M.D. and Gloria Wilkins Professor of Neurosurgery, in the School of Medicine, Biomedical Engineering
  • Weinhold, Kent James, Joseph W. and Dorothy W. Beard Distinguished Professor of Experimental Surgery, Integrative Immunobiology