Virus Replication

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  Subject Areas on Research

  • 2',3'-dideoxy-beta-L-5-fluorocytidine inhibits duck hepatitis B virus reverse transcription and suppresses viral DNA synthesis in hepatocytes, both in vitro and in vivo. 
  • 4-oxatetradecanoic acid is fungicidal for Cryptococcus neoformans and inhibits replication of human immunodeficiency virus I. 
  • A Computational Model of Inhibition of HIV-1 by Interferon-Alpha. 
  • A Lysine Residue Essential for Geminivirus Replication Also Controls Nuclear Localization of the Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus Rep Protein. 
  • A Novel Mycovirus Evokes Transcriptional Rewiring in the Fungus Malassezia and Stimulates Beta Interferon Production in Macrophages. 
  • A Possible Sterilizing Cure of HIV-1 Infection Without Stem Cell Transplantation. 
  • A class of viral inducer of degradation of the necroptosis adaptor RIPK3 regulates virus-induced inflammation. 
  • A conserved region at the COOH terminus of human immunodeficiency virus gp120 envelope protein contains an immunodominant epitope. 
  • A defective phage system reveals bacteriophage T4 replication origins that coincide with recombination hot spots. 
  • A feline immunodeficiency virus vif-deletion mutant remains attenuated upon infection of newborn kittens. 
  • A functional antigenomic promoter for the paramyxovirus simian virus 5 requires proper spacing between an essential internal segment and the 3' terminus. 
  • A kinome RNAi screen identified AMPK as promoting poxvirus entry through the control of actin dynamics. 
  • A model for assembly of type-c oncornaviruses. 
  • A novel conditionally replicating "armed" adenovirus selectively targeting gastrointestinal tumors with aberrant wnt signaling. 
  • A novel immunocompetent murine tumor model for the evaluation of RCAd-enhanced RDAd transduction efficacy. 
  • A phase I/II study of the protease inhibitor indinavir in children with HIV infection. 
  • A physical interaction network of dengue virus and human proteins. 
  • A pseudoknot-like structure required for efficient self-cleavage of hepatitis delta virus RNA. 
  • A replication-competent adenovirus-human immunodeficiency virus (Ad-HIV) tat and Ad-HIV env priming/Tat and envelope protein boosting regimen elicits enhanced protective efficacy against simian/human immunodeficiency virus SHIV89.6P challenge in rhesus macaques. 
  • A selective inhibitor of eIF2alpha dephosphorylation protects cells from ER stress. 
  • A small yeast RNA blocks hepatitis C virus internal ribosome entry site (HCV IRES)-mediated translation and inhibits replication of a chimeric poliovirus under translational control of the HCV IRES element. 
  • A soluble factor(s) secreted from CD8(+) T lymphocytes inhibits human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication through STAT1 activation. 
  • A soluble inhibitor of T lymphocyte function induced by HIV-1 infection of CD4+ T cells: characterization of a cellular protein and its relationship to p15E. 
  • A strongly selected mutation in the HIV-1 genome is independent of T cell responses and neutralizing antibodies. 
  • A synthetic peptide inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus replication: correlation between solution structure and viral inhibition. 
  • A vaccine against CCR5 protects a subset of macaques upon intravaginal challenge with simian immunodeficiency virus SIVmac251. 
  • ADAP2 Is an Interferon Stimulated Gene That Restricts RNA Virus Entry. 
  • ADCC-mediating non-neutralizing antibodies can exert immune pressure in early HIV-1 infection. 
  • AZT inhibits HIV-1 replication in monocytes. 
  • Abortive and productive infections of human mononuclear phagocytes by type I herpes simplex virus. 
  • Accumulated mutations by 6 months of infection collectively render transmitted/founder HIV-1 significantly less fit. 
  • Accumulation of human immunodeficiency virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes away from the predominant site of virus replication during primary infection. 
  • Adaptation of an R5 Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Virus Encoding an HIV Clade A Envelope with or without Ablation of Adaptive Host Immunity: Differential Selection of Viral Mutants. 
  • Addition of m6A to SV40 late mRNAs enhances viral structural gene expression and replication. 
  • Administration of 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine, an inhibitor of HTLV-III/LAV replication, to patients with AIDS or AIDS-related complex. 
  • African and Asian strains of Zika virus differ in their ability to infect and lyse primitive human placental trophoblast. 
  • Age-Dependent Effects of Immunoproteasome Deficiency on Mouse Adenovirus Type 1 Pathogenesis. 
  • Allogeneic leukocytes but not therapeutic blood elements induce reactivation and dissemination of latent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection: implications for transfusion support of infected patients. 
  • Alterations of the B-cell response by HIV-1 replication. 
  • Altered balance between Th17 and Th1 cells at mucosal sites predicts AIDS progression in simian immunodeficiency virus-infected macaques. 
  • Altered m6A Modification of Specific Cellular Transcripts Affects Flaviviridae Infection. 
  • Amplification and spread of viruses in a growing plaque. 
  • An antitumor drug-induced topoisomerase cleavage complex blocks a bacteriophage T4 replication fork in vivo. 
  • An automated HIV-1 Env-pseudotyped virus production for global HIV vaccine trials. 
  • An env gene derived from a primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolate confers high in vivo replicative capacity to a chimeric simian/human immunodeficiency virus in rhesus monkeys. 
  • An inducible heat shock protein 70 small molecule inhibitor demonstrates anti-dengue virus activity, validating Hsp70 as a host antiviral target. 
  • An ultrastructural study of C-type virion assembly in mouse cells. 
  • Analysis of Epstein-Barr virus-regulated host gene expression changes through primary B-cell outgrowth reveals delayed kinetics of latent membrane protein 1-mediated NF-κB activation. 
  • Analysis of trans-acting response decoy RNA-mediated inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transactivation. 
  • Analytical Treatment Interruption after Short-Term Antiretroviral Therapy in a Postnatally Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Infant Rhesus Macaque Model. 
  • Anti-AIDS agents 81. Design, synthesis, and structure-activity relationship study of betulinic acid and moronic acid derivatives as potent HIV maturation inhibitors. 
  • Anti-AIDS agents 87. New bio-isosteric dicamphanoyl-dihydropyranochromone (DCP) and dicamphanoyl-khellactone (DCK) analogues with potent anti-HIV activity. 
  • Anti-AIDS agents 90. novel C-28 modified bevirimat analogues as potent HIV maturation inhibitors. 
  • Anti-AIDS agents. 15. Synthesis and anti-HIV activity of dihydroseselins and related analogs. 
  • Anti-AIDS agents. 34. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of betulin derivatives as anti-HIV agents. 
  • Anti-AIDS agents. 42. Synthesis and anti-HIV activity of disubstituted (3'R,4'R)-3',4'-di-O-(S)-camphanoyl-(+)-cis-khellactone analogues. 
  • Anti-HIV Potential of Beesioside I Derivatives as Maturation Inhibitors: Synthesis, 3D-QSAR, Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulations. 
  • Anti-inflammatory and Anti-HIV Compounds from Swertia bimaculata. 
  • Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity (ADCC)-Mediating Antibodies Constrain Neutralizing Antibody Escape Pathway. 
  • Antibody-mediated enhancement aggravates chikungunya virus infection and disease severity. 
  • Antiretroviral monotherapy in early stage human immunodeficiency virus disease has no detectable effect on virus load in peripheral blood and lymph nodes. 
  • Antiviral Effects of ABMA against Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 In Vitro and In Vivo. 
  • Antiviral activity of human OASL protein is mediated by enhancing signaling of the RIG-I RNA sensor. 
  • Antiviral activity of mismatched double-stranded RNA against human immunodeficiency virus in vitro. 
  • Antiviral antibodies are necessary for control of simian immunodeficiency virus replication. 
  • Antiviral therapy for human immunodeficiency virus infection in children. 
  • Assembly of type C oncornaviruses: a model. 
  • Association of the viral reverse transcriptase with an enzyme degrading the RNA moiety of RNA-DNA hybrids. 
  • Attenuation of herpes simplex virus neurovirulence with picornavirus cis-acting genetic elements. 
  • BK virus and SV40 co-infection in polyomavirus nephropathy. 
  • BPIFB3 Regulates Endoplasmic Reticulum Morphology To Facilitate Flavivirus Replication. 
  • BPIFB3 interacts with ARFGAP1 and TMED9 to regulate non-canonical autophagy and RNA virus infection. 
  • BPIFB3 regulates autophagy and coxsackievirus B replication through a noncanonical pathway independent of the core initiation machinery. 
  • BPIFB6 Regulates Secretory Pathway Trafficking and Enterovirus Replication. 
  • Bacteriophage T4 UvsW protein is a helicase involved in recombination, repair and the regulation of DNA replication origins. 
  • Bacteriophage T4 helicase loader protein gp59 functions as gatekeeper in origin-dependent replication in vivo. 
  • Bacteriophage T4 initiates bidirectional DNA replication through a two-step process. 
  • Base mutations in the terminal noncoding regions of the genome of vesicular stomatitis virus isolated from persistent infections of L cells. 
  • Betulinic acid and dihydrobetulinic acid derivatives as potent anti-HIV agents. 
  • Betulinic acid derivatives as HIV-1 antivirals. 
  • Bifunctional anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 small molecules with two novel mechanisms of action. 
  • Biological, molecular, and structural analysis of a cytopathic variant from a molecularly cloned simian immunodeficiency virus. 
  • Blocking HIV-1 entry by a gp120 surface binding inhibitor. 
  • CD8+ T lymphocyte-mediated inhibition of HIV-1 long terminal repeat transcription: a novel antiviral mechanism. 
  • CD8+ cell lines isolated from HIV-1-infected children have potent soluble HIV-1 inhibitory activity that differs from beta-chemokines. 
  • Can the thymus win the battle against drug-resistant HIV? 
  • Carbazole Alkaloids from Clausena anisum-olens: Isolation, Characterization, and Anti-HIV Evaluation. 
  • Cell biology. Propelling progeny. 
  • Cell lines producing human T-cell lymphoma virus show altered HLA expression. 
  • Cellular fatty acid synthase is required for late stages of HIV-1 replication. 
  • Characterization of a defective phage system for the analysis of bacteriophage T4 DNA replication origins. 
  • Characterization of a thymus-tropic HIV-1 isolate from a rapid progressor: role of the envelope. 
  • Chikungunya virus nsP3 & nsP4 interacts with HSP-90 to promote virus replication: HSP-90 inhibitors reduce CHIKV infection and inflammation in vivo. 
  • Chimeric alphavirus vaccine candidates for chikungunya. 
  • Chimeric spike mRNA vaccines protect against sarbecovirus challenge in mice 
  • Chlamydia trachomatis Infection of Endocervical Epithelial Cells Enhances Early HIV Transmission Events. 
  • Clinical implications of discordant viral and immune outcomes following protease inhibitor containing antiretroviral therapy for HIV-infected children. 
  • Clinical isolates of measles virus use CD46 as a cellular receptor. 
  • Clinical utility of total HCV core antigen quantification: a new indirect marker of HCV replication. 
  • Comparative analysis of the genome sequences and replication profiles of chikungunya virus isolates within the East, Central and South African (ECSA) lineage. 
  • Comparing influenza and RSV viral and disease dynamics in experimentally infected adults predicts clinical effectiveness of RSV antivirals. 
  • Comparison of systemic and mucosal vaccination: impact on intravenous and rectal SIV challenge. 
  • Comparison of viral Env proteins from acute and chronic infections with subtype C human immunodeficiency virus type 1 identifies differences in glycosylation and CCR5 utilization and suggests a new strategy for immunogen design. 
  • Complement-mediated, antibody-dependent enhancement of HIV-1 infection in vitro is characterized by increased protein and RNA syntheses and infectious virus release. 
  • Complex determinants in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope gp120 mediate CXCR4-dependent infection of macrophages. 
  • Conditionally replicating lentiviral-hybrid episomal vectors for suicide gene therapy. 
  • Conserved Structural Motif Identified in Peptides That Bind to Geminivirus Replication Protein Rep. 
  • Consistent production of transgenic chickens using replication-deficient retroviral vectors and high-throughput screening procedures. 
  • Construction and characterization of infectious cDNA clones of enterovirus 71 (EV71). 
  • Continuous improvement in the immune system of HIV-infected children on prolonged antiretroviral therapy. 
  • Contribution of 3CD Region to the Virulence of Enterovirus 71. 
  • Contributions of CD8 T cells to the pathogenesis of mouse adenovirus type 1 respiratory infection. 
  • Contributions of E1A to mouse adenovirus type 1 pathogenesis following intranasal inoculation. 
  • Control of viremia and prevention of clinical AIDS in rhesus monkeys by cytokine-augmented DNA vaccination. 
  • Control of viremia in simian immunodeficiency virus infection by CD8+ lymphocytes. 
  • Convergent evolution of escape from hepaciviral antagonism in primates. 
  • Cooperation between the Hepatitis C Virus p7 and NS5B Proteins Enhances Virion Infectivity. 
  • Copy number variation of KIR genes influences HIV-1 control. 
  • Correlates of nontransmission in US women at high risk of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection through sexual exposure. 
  • Cowpox virus genome encodes a second soluble homologue of cellular TNF receptors, distinct from CrmB, that binds TNF but not LT alpha. 
  • Cross-clade inhibition of HIV-1 replication and cytopathology by using RNase P-associated external guide sequences. 
  • Crosstalk in competing endogenous RNA networks reveals new circular RNAs involved in the pathogenesis of early HIV infection. 
  • Cutaneous herpes simplex virus infection of guinea pigs as a model for antiviral chemotherapy. 
  • Cutting edge: RIPK1 Kinase inactive mice are viable and protected from TNF-induced necroptosis in vivo. 
  • Cyclocreatine (1-carboxymethyl-2-iminoimidazolidine) inhibits the replication of human herpes viruses. 
  • Cyclophilin B escorts the hepatitis C virus RNA polymerase: a viral achilles heel? 
  • DNA fragments from F9 PyEC mutants increase expression of heterologous genes in transfected F9 cells. 
  • DNA mismatch repair is required for the host innate response and controls cellular fate after influenza virus infection. 
  • DNA polymerases versus HIV reverse transcriptase in AIDS therapy. 
  • Dam-Infant Rhesus Macaque Pairs to Dissect Age-Dependent Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Infection. 
  • Daphneodorins A-C, Anti-HIV Gnidimacrin Related Macrocyclic Daphnane Orthoesters from Daphne odora. 
  • Deletion analysis of bacteriophage T4 tertiary origins. A promoter sequence is required for a rifampicin-resistant replication origin. 
  • Dengue Virus Selectively Annexes Endoplasmic Reticulum-Associated Translation Machinery as a Strategy for Co-opting Host Cell Protein Synthesis. 
  • Dengue Virus Targets Nrf2 for NS2B3-Mediated Degradation Leading to Enhanced Oxidative Stress and Viral Replication. 
  • Dengue virus and autophagy. 
  • Dengue virus nonstructural protein 3 redistributes fatty acid synthase to sites of viral replication and increases cellular fatty acid synthesis. 
  • Dengue virus-induced autophagy regulates lipid metabolism. 
  • Derivation and Characterization of a CD4-Independent, Non-CD4-Tropic Simian Immunodeficiency Virus. 
  • Derivation of a biologically contained replication system for human immunodeficiency virus type 1. 
  • Design and synthesis of human immunodeficiency virus entry inhibitors: sulfonamide as an isostere for the alpha-ketoamide group. 
  • Design, Synthesis, and Mechanism Study of Benzenesulfonamide-Containing Phenylalanine Derivatives as Novel HIV-1 Capsid Inhibitors with Improved Antiviral Activities. 
  • Design, synthesis and structure relationships of new N,N',N",N"'-tetrakis (omega-amino alkyl) tetraazamacrocycles. 
  • Design, synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 4-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole phenylalanine derivatives as novel HIV-1 capsid inhibitors with promising antiviral activities. 
  • Design, synthesis, and antiviral activity of phenylalanine derivatives as HIV-1 capsid inhibitors. 
  • Design, synthesis, and preclinical evaluations of novel 4-substituted 1,5-diarylanilines as potent HIV-1 non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) drug candidates. 
  • Detection of the major glycoproteins of Friend leukemia virus (gp71) and the murine mammary tumor virus (gp52) on the surface of mouse cells. 
  • Development and characterization of an Fv-1-sensitive retrovirus-packaging system: single-hit titration kinetics observed in restrictive cells. 
  • Developmental regulation of P-glycoprotein activity within thymocytes results in increased anti-HIV protease inhibitor activity. 
  • Differential role for TLR3 in respiratory syncytial virus-induced chemokine expression. 
  • Direct RNA sequencing reveals m6A modifications on adenovirus RNA are necessary for efficient splicing. 
  • Direct vaccination with tumor cells killed with ICP4-deficient HSVd120 elicits effective antitumor immunity. 
  • Discovery and synthesis of novel beesioside I derivatives with potent anti-HIV activity. 
  • Discovery of selective bioactive small molecules by targeting an RNA dynamic ensemble. 
  • Dissecting the roles of E1A and E1B in adenoviral replication and RCAd-enhanced RDAd transduction efficacy on tumor cells. 
  • Distinct effects in primary macrophages and lymphocytes of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 accessory genes vpr, vpu, and nef: mutational analysis of a primary HIV-1 isolate. 
  • Diversity of Antiviral IgG Effector Activities Observed in HIV-Infected and Vaccinated Subjects. 
  • Drug-associated changes in amino acid residues in Gag p2, p7(NC), and p6(Gag)/p6(Pol) in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) display a dominant effect on replicative fitness and drug response. 
  • Drug-like property-driven optimization of 4-substituted 1,5-diarylanilines as potent HIV-1 non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors against rilpivirine-resistant mutant virus. 
  • Dual tropism of HIV-1 envelopes derived from renal tubular epithelial cells of patients with HIV-associated nephropathy. 
  • Early low-titer neutralizing antibodies impede HIV-1 replication and select for virus escape. 
  • Effect of B-cell depletion on viral replication and clinical outcome of simian immunodeficiency virus infection in a natural host. 
  • Effect of CD8+ lymphocyte depletion on virus containment after simian immunodeficiency virus SIVmac251 challenge of live attenuated SIVmac239delta3-vaccinated rhesus macaques. 
  • Effect of complement consumption by cobra venom factor on the course of primary infection with simian immunodeficiency virus in rhesus monkeys. 
  • Effect of influenza virus vaccine on the expression of human immunodeficiency virus co-receptor CCR5. 
  • Effect of interferon on murine leukemia virus infection. II. Synthesis of viral components in exogenous infection. 
  • Effect of sofosbuvir and ribavirin treatment on peripheral and hepatic lipid metabolism in chronic hepatitis C virus, genotype 1-infected patients. 
  • Effects of human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus antigen insertion in two 3' proximal genome positions of bovine/human parainfluenza virus type 3 on virus replication and immunogenicity. 
  • Effects of liver growth factors on hepadnavirus replication in chronically infected duck hepatocytes. 
  • Effects of tumor necrosis factor on viral replication and pulmonary inflammation during acute mouse adenovirus type 1 respiratory infection. 
  • Elite Control, Gut CD4 T Cell Sparing, and Enhanced Mucosal T Cell Responses in Macaca nemestrina Infected by a Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Lacking a gp41 Trafficking Motif. 
  • Emergence of simian immunodeficiency virus-specific cytotoxic CD4+ T cells and increased humoral responses correlate with control of rebounding viremia in CD8-depleted macaques infected with Rev-independent live-attenuated simian immunodeficiency virus. 
  • Emerging antiviral therapeutics for human adenovirus infection: Recent developments and novel strategies. 
  • Endogenous opioids and HIV infection. 
  • Enhanced SIV replication and accelerated progression to AIDS in macaques primed to mount a CD4 T cell response to the SIV envelope protein. 
  • Enhanced duck hepatitis B virus gene expression following aflatoxin B1 exposure. 
  • Enhanced pancreatic cancer gene therapy by combination of adenoviral vector expressing c-erb-B2 (Her-2/neu)-targeted immunotoxin with a replication-competent adenovirus or etoposide. 
  • Enterovirus Replication and Dissemination Are Differentially Controlled by Type I and III Interferons in the Gastrointestinal Tract. 
  • Envelope residue 375 substitutions in simian-human immunodeficiency viruses enhance CD4 binding and replication in rhesus macaques. 
  • Epigenetic activation of unintegrated HIV-1 genomes by gut-associated short chain fatty acids and its implications for HIV infection. 
  • Epigenetic regulation of CD8(+) T-lymphocyte mediated suppression of HIV-1 replication. 
  • Epitranscriptomic Addition of m5C to HIV-1 Transcripts Regulates Viral Gene Expression. 
  • Epitranscriptomic Enhancement of Influenza A Virus Gene Expression and Replication. 
  • Epstein-Barr virus induces global changes in cellular mRNA isoform usage that are important for the maintenance of latency. 
  • Eradication of solid human breast tumors in nude mice with an intravenously injected light-emitting oncolytic vaccinia virus. 
  • Evaluation of synergy between carbovir and 3'-azido-2',3'-deoxythymidine for inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. 
  • Eventual AIDS vaccine failure in a rhesus monkey by viral escape from cytotoxic T lymphocytes. 
  • Evidence for immune-mediated reduction of viral replication in Macaca nemestrina mucosally immunized with inactivated SHIV(89.6). 
  • Evolutionary design on a budget: robustness and optimality of bacteriophage T7. 
  • Examining the evidence on the causal effect of HAART on transmission of HIV using the Bradford Hill criteria. 
  • Exosome-Mediated Delivery of Inducible miR-423-5p Enhances Resistance of MRC-5 Cells to Rabies Virus Infection. 
  • Exposure of an occluded hemagglutinin epitope drives selection of a class of cross-protective influenza antibodies. 
  • Expression of chimeric tRNA-driven antisense transcripts renders NIH 3T3 cells highly resistant to Moloney murine leukemia virus replication. 
  • Expression of latent HIV induced by the potent HDAC inhibitor suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid. 
  • Expression of the vaccinia virus A2.5L redox protein is required for virion morphogenesis. 
  • Extensive Epitranscriptomic Methylation of A and C Residues on Murine Leukemia Virus Transcripts Enhances Viral Gene Expression. 
  • Fitness costs and diversity of the cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response determine the rate of CTL escape during acute and chronic phases of HIV infection. 
  • Flavivirus RNA transactions from viral entry to genome replication. 
  • Fluorinated betulinic acid derivatives and evaluation of their anti-HIV activity. 
  • From crystal structure to clinic: highlights of the Tenth International Parvovirus Workshop. 
  • Functional analysis of the simian immunodeficiency virus Vpx protein: identification of packaging determinants and a novel nuclear targeting domain. 
  • Functional cure of SIVagm infection in rhesus macaques results in complete recovery of CD4+ T cells and is reverted by CD8+ cell depletion. 
  • Functional genomics approach for the identification of human host factors supporting dengue viral propagation. 
  • Further investigation of simian immunodeficiency virus Vif function in human cells. 
  • Gene delivery systems in surgery. 
  • Gene therapy for prostate cancer: where are we now? 
  • Generation of infectious molecular clones of simian immunodeficiency virus from fecal consensus sequences of wild chimpanzees. 
  • Generation of transmitted/founder HIV-1 infectious molecular clones and characterization of their replication capacity in CD4 T lymphocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages. 
  • Genetic adaptation to untranslated region-mediated enterovirus growth deficits by mutations in the nonstructural proteins 3AB and 3CD. 
  • Genetic determinants of cell type-specific poliovirus propagation in HEK 293 cells. 
  • Genetic identity, biological phenotype, and evolutionary pathways of transmitted/founder viruses in acute and early HIV-1 infection. 
  • Genetic recombination of poliovirus in a cell-free system. 
  • Genetically and epidemiologically related "non-syncytium-inducing" isolates of HIV-1 display heterogeneous growth patterns in macrophages. 
  • Glycoprotein B of human herpesvirus 8 is a component of the virion in a cleaved form composed of amino- and carboxyl-terminal fragments. 
  • Gonococcal lipooligosaccharide suppresses HIV infection in human primary macrophages through induction of innate immunity. 
  • HIV-1 Infection Primes Macrophages Through STAT Signaling to Promote Enhanced Inflammation and Viral Replication. 
  • HIV-1 extrachromosomal 2-LTR circular DNA is long-lived in human macrophages. 
  • HIV-1 infection in the lymphoid organs. 
  • HIV-1 sensitivity to zidovudine and clinical outcome in children. 
  • HIV-1 superinfection despite broad CD8+ T-cell responses containing replication of the primary virus. 
  • HIV-1 viral protein r induces ERK and caspase-8-dependent apoptosis in renal tubular epithelial cells. 
  • HIV-1-negative female sex workers sustain high cervical IFNɛ, low immune activation, and low expression of HIV-1-required host genes. 
  • HIV/HCV-coinfected natural viral suppressors have better virologic responses to PEG-IFN and ribavirin than ARV-treated HIV/HCV patients. 
  • HLA class II-Restricted CD8+ T cells in HIV-1 Virus Controllers. 
  • HLA-A2-restricted human CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses to a novel epitope in vaccinia virus that is conserved among orthopox viruses. 
  • Hepatic arterial infusion of a replication-selective oncolytic adenovirus (dl1520): phase II viral, immunologic, and clinical endpoints. 
  • Hepatitis C Virus Infection Is Inhibited by a Noncanonical Antiviral Signaling Pathway Targeted by NS3-NS4A. 
  • Hepatitis C-induced hepatic allograft injury is associated with a pretransplantation elevated viral replication rate. 
  • Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Infection of Tree Shrews Differs from That of Mice in the Severity of Acute Infection and Viral Transcription in the Peripheral Nervous System. 
  • Herpetic keratitis in experimental vitamin A deficiency. 
  • Heterobiaryl human immunodeficiency virus entry inhibitors. 
  • Heterogeneity of Antiviral Responses in the Upper Respiratory Tract Mediates Differential Non-lytic Clearance of Influenza Viruses. 
  • Heterologous prime/boost immunization of rhesus monkeys by using diverse poxvirus vectors. 
  • High-Frequency Illegitimate Strand Transfers of Nascent DNA Fragments During Reverse Transcription Result in Defective Retrovirus Genomes. 
  • Host protein kinases required for SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid phosphorylation and viral replication. 
  • Human Lung Stem Cell-Based Alveolospheres Provide Insights into SARS-CoV-2-Mediated Interferon Responses and Pneumocyte Dysfunction. 
  • Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected human blood monocytes and peritoneal macrophages have reduced anticryptococcal activity whereas HIV-infected alveolar macrophages retain normal activity. 
  • Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection of human monocytes and macrophages does not alter their ability to generate an oxidative burst. 
  • Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 resistance to the small molecule maturation inhibitor 3-O-(3',3'-dimethylsuccinyl)-betulinic acid is conferred by a variety of single amino acid substitutions at the CA-SP1 cleavage site in Gag. 
  • Human lung organoids as a model for respiratory virus replication and countermeasure performance in human hosts. 
  • Humans have antibodies capable of recognizing oncoviral glycoproteins: demonstration that these antibodies are formed in response to cellular modification of glycoproteins rather than as consequence of exposure to virus. 
  • Hunting coronavirus by transmission electron microscopy - a guide to SARS-CoV-2-associated ultrastructural pathology in COVID-19 tissues. 
  • IFN-gamma production in response to neuropathogenic Cas-Br-M murine leukemia virus infection. 
  • IL-17 contributes to neutrophil recruitment but not to control of viral replication during acute mouse adenovirus type 1 respiratory infection. 
  • IRES-targeting small molecule inhibits enterovirus 71 replication via allosteric stabilization of a ternary complex. 
  • Identification and comparative analysis of hepatitis C virus-host cell protein interactions. 
  • Identification of Proteins Bound to Dengue Viral RNA In Vivo Reveals New Host Proteins Important for Virus Replication. 
  • Identification of a Novel Inhibitor of Human Rhinovirus Replication and Inflammation in Airway Epithelial Cells. 
  • Identification of personal lubricants that can cause rectal epithelial cell damage and enhance HIV type 1 replication in vitro. 
  • Identification, structural modification, and dichotomous effects on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication of ingenane esters from Euphorbia kansui. 
  • Identifying local and descending inputs for primary sensory neurons. 
  • Imaging-Based Reporter Systems to Define CVB-Induced Membrane Remodeling in Living Cells. 
  • Immune correlates of protection by mRNA-1273 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 in nonhuman primates. 
  • Immunofluorescent analysis of expression of the RNA tumor virus major glycoprotein, gp71, on surfaces of virus-producing murine and other mammalian species cell lines. 
  • Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of oligomeric human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp140. 
  • Immunologic and virologic analyses of an acutely HIV type 1-infected patient with extremely rapid disease progression. 
  • Impact of HLA in mother and child on disease progression of pediatric human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. 
  • Impact of immune escape mutations on HIV-1 fitness in the context of the cognate transmitted/founder genome. 
  • Impact on genetic networks in human macrophages by a CCR5 strain of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. 
  • Improved EBV shuttle vectors. 
  • Improved adenoviral vectors for gene therapy of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. 
  • Improved protection of rhesus macaques against intrarectal simian immunodeficiency virus SIV(mac251) challenge by a replication-competent Ad5hr-SIVenv/rev and Ad5hr-SIVgag recombinant priming/gp120 boosting regimen. 
  • In vitro chick embryo cell response to strain MC29 avian leukosis virus. 
  • In vitro selection and characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 with decreased susceptibility to lopinavir. 
  • In vitro studies on the bacteriophage P2 terminase system. 
  • In vivo attenuation of simian immunodeficiency virus by disruption of a tyrosine-dependent sorting signal in the envelope glycoprotein cytoplasmic tail. 
  • Incorporation of Privileged Structures into Bevirimat Can Improve Activity against Wild-Type and Bevirimat-Resistant HIV-1. 
  • Increased envelope spike density and stability are not required for the neutralization resistance of primary human immunodeficiency viruses. 
  • Increased loss of CCR5+ CD45RA- CD4+ T cells in CD8+ lymphocyte-depleted Simian immunodeficiency virus-infected rhesus monkeys. 
  • Increased replication of non-syncytium-inducing HIV type 1 isolates in monocyte-derived macrophages is linked to advanced disease in infected children. 
  • Induction of Tier 1 HIV Neutralizing Antibodies by Envelope Trimers Incorporated into a Replication Competent Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Vector. 
  • Infection of the HTLV-II-bearing T-cell line C3 with HTLV-III/LAV is highly permissive and lytic. 
  • Influence of prothymosin-alpha on HIV-1 target cells. 
  • Influenza viruses that require 10 genomic segments as antiviral therapeutics. 
  • Inhibition of HIV-1 maturation via drug association with the viral Gag protein in immature HIV-1 particles. 
  • Inhibition of Human Adenovirus Replication by the Importin α/β1 Nuclear Import Inhibitor Ivermectin. 
  • Inhibition of Rev activity and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication by antisense oligodeoxynucleotide phosphorothioate analogs directed against the Rev-responsive element. 
  • Inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 entry by a binding domain of Porphyromonas gingivalis gingipain. 
  • Inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication and cytopathicity by synthetic soluble catecholamine melanins in vitro. 
  • Inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transcription by chemical cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors. 
  • Inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis increases mortality in Sindbis virus encephalitis. 
  • Inhibition of poxvirus growth by Terameprocol, a methylated derivative of nordihydroguaiaretic acid. 
  • Inhibition of productive human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection by cobalamins. 
  • Inhibitory effect of 2'-fluoro-5-methyl-beta-L-arabinofuranosyl-uracil on duck hepatitis B virus replication. 
  • Initial HIV-1 antigen-specific CD8+ T cells in acute HIV-1 infection inhibit transmitted/founder virus replication. 
  • Initial amplification of duck hepatitis B virus covalently closed circular DNA after in vitro infection of embryonic duck hepatocytes is increased by cell cycle progression. 
  • Initiation of bacteriophage T4 DNA replication and replication fork dynamics: a review in the Virology Journal series on bacteriophage T4 and its relatives. 
  • Interactions of 1263W94 with other antiviral agents in inhibition of human cytomegalovirus replication. 
  • Interferon lambda protects the female reproductive tract against Zika virus infection. 
  • Intergeneric poliovirus recombinants for the treatment of malignant glioma. 
  • Interplay between DNA tumor viruses and the host DNA damage response. 
  • Intra-arterial administration of a replication-selective adenovirus (dl1520) in patients with colorectal carcinoma metastatic to the liver: a phase I trial. 
  • Intrinsic Antiviral Activity of Optineurin Prevents Hyperproliferation of a Primary Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Infection. 
  • In vitro and in vivo functions of SARS-CoV-2 infection-enhancing and neutralizing antibodies. 
  • Isolation of cowpox virus A-type inclusions and characterization of their major protein component. 
  • Kinetics of hepatitis C virus reinfection after liver transplantation. 
  • Kinetics of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) DNA and RNA synthesis during primary HIV-1 infection. 
  • Kinetics of poliovirus uncoating in HeLa cells in a nonacidic environment. 
  • Lack of evidence for VPg priming of poliovirus RNA synthesis in the host factor-dependent in vitro replicase reaction. 
  • Lack of infection in HIV-exposed individuals is associated with a strong CD8(+) cell noncytotoxic anti-HIV response. 
  • Limited ability of humoral immune responses in control of viremia during infection with SIVsmmD215 strain. 
  • Lipidomics identifies a requirement for peroxisomal function during influenza virus replication. 
  • Lipids at the interface of virus-host interactions. 
  • Longitudinal assessment of immune response and viral characteristics in HIV-infected patients with prolonged CD4(+)/viral load discordance. 
  • Loss of DNAM-1 contributes to CD8+ T-cell exhaustion in chronic HIV-1 infection. 
  • Loss of TLR3 aggravates CHIKV replication and pathology due to an altered virus-specific neutralizing antibody response. 
  • Low-abundance HIV drug-resistant viral variants in treatment-experienced persons correlate with historical antiretroviral use. 
  • Low-dose mucosal simian immunodeficiency virus infection restricts early replication kinetics and transmitted virus variants in rhesus monkeys. 
  • Lymph node T cell responses predict the efficacy of live attenuated SIV vaccines. 
  • MAPK signal-integrating kinase controls cap-independent translation and cell type-specific cytotoxicity of an oncolytic poliovirus. 
  • MDM2-dependent inhibition of p53 is required for Epstein-Barr virus B-cell growth transformation and infected-cell survival. 
  • Masitinib is a broad coronavirus 3CL inhibitor that blocks replication of SARS-CoV-2. 
  • Mechanism by which T7 bacteriophage protein Gp1.2 inhibits Escherichia coli dGTPase. 
  • Mechanism of action and resistant profile of anti-HIV-1 coumarin derivatives. 
  • Membrane localization and topology of a viral assembly protein. 
  • Microbial translocation induces persistent macrophage activation unrelated to HIV-1 levels or T-cell activation following therapy. 
  • Mismatched double-stranded RNA (ampligen) reduces concentration of zidovudine (azidothymidine) required for in-vitro inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus. 
  • Mitosis is required for production of murine leukemia virus and structural proteins during de novo infection. 
  • Modified vaccinia virus Ankara can activate NF-kappaB transcription factors through a double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase (PKR)-dependent pathway during the early phase of virus replication. 
  • Modulation of murine herpes simplex virus type 1 retinitis in the uninoculated eye by CD4+ T lymphocytes. 
  • Molecular identification, cloning and characterization of transmitted/founder HIV-1 subtype A, D and A/D infectious molecular clones. 
  • Mouse adenovirus type 1 infection of adipose tissue. 
  • Mouse strain differences in the chemokine response to acute lung infection with a murine gammaherpesvirus. 
  • Mucosally-administered human-simian immunodeficiency virus DNA and fowlpoxvirus-based recombinant vaccines reduce acute phase viral replication in macaques following vaginal challenge with CCR5-tropic SHIVSF162P3. 
  • Multifaceted roles for lipids in viral infection. 
  • Multispecific vaccine-induced mucosal cytotoxic T lymphocytes reduce acute-phase viral replication but fail in long-term control of simian immunodeficiency virus SIVmac239. 
  • Murine CMV induces type 1 IFN that impairs differentiation of MDSCs critical for transplantation tolerance. 
  • Mutation near the polyoma DNA replication origin permits productive infection of F9 embryonal carcinoma cells. 
  • N6-Methyladenosine in Flaviviridae Viral RNA Genomes Regulates Infection. 
  • NF-kappaB cis-acting motifs of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) long terminal repeat regulate HIV transcription in human macrophages. 
  • Natural Killer Cells Regulate Acute SIV Replication, Dissemination, and Inflammation, but Do Not Impact Independent Transmission Events. 
  • Naturally occurring amino acid polymorphisms in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Gag p7(NC) and the C-cleavage site impact Gag-Pol processing by HIV-1 protease. 
  • Necroptosis in anti-viral inflammation. 
  • Nef expressed from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 extrachromosomal DNA downregulates CD4 on primary CD4+ T lymphocytes: implications for integrase inhibitors. 
  • Neutralization-sensitive R5-tropic simian-human immunodeficiency virus SHIV-2873Nip, which carries env isolated from an infant with a recent HIV clade C infection. 
  • New betulinic acid derivatives for bevirimat-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type-1. 
  • New phorbol ester derivatives as potent anti-HIV agents. 
  • Non-AIDS-defining events among HIV-1-infected adults receiving combination antiretroviral therapy in resource-replete versus resource-limited urban setting. 
  • Noncytolytic CD8 T cell-mediated suppression of HIV replication. 
  • Nonrespiratory sites of influenza-associated disease: mechanisms and experimental systems for continued study. 
  • Novel Strategy To Adapt Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Virus E1 Carrying env from an RV144 Volunteer to Rhesus Macaques: Coreceptor Switch and Final Recovery of a Pathogenic Virus with Exclusive R5 Tropism. 
  • Novel adeno-associated virus vector vaccine restricts replication of simian immunodeficiency virus in macaques. 
  • Novel function of prothymosin alpha as a potent inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gene expression in primary macrophages. 
  • Nucleotide sequence homology at the 3' termini of RNA from vesicular stomatitis virus and its defective interfering particles. 
  • OPTN is a host intrinsic restriction factor against neuroinvasive HSV-1 infection. 
  • Oncogenic and immunogenic potential of cloned HIX virus in mice and cats. 
  • Oncolytic adenovirus delivering herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase suicide gene reduces the growth of human retinoblastoma in an in vivo mouse model. 
  • Oncolytic viruses for cancer therapy I. Cell-external factors: virus entry and receptor interaction. 
  • Oncolytic viruses for cancer therapy II. Cell-internal factors for conditional growth in neoplastic cells. 
  • Open conformers of HLA-F are high-affinity ligands of the activating NK-cell receptor KIR3DS1. 
  • Origins and evolution of AIDS viruses: estimating the time-scale. 
  • Orthogonal genome-wide screens of bat cells identify MTHFD1 as a target of broad antiviral therapy. 
  • Osteopontin is up-regulated in chronic hepatitis C and is associated with cellular permissiveness for hepatitis C virus replication. 
  • Overexpression of RRE-derived sequences inhibits HIV-1 replication in CEM cells. 
  • Overexpression of TAR sequences renders cells resistant to human immunodeficiency virus replication. 
  • PKC alpha regulates Sendai virus-mediated interferon induction through HDAC6 and β-catenin. 
  • Partial resistance to infection by R5X4 primary HIV type 1 isolates in an exposed-uninfected individual homozygous for CCR5 32-base pair deletion. 
  • Patterns of viral replication correlate with outcome in simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected macaques: effect of prior immunization with a trivalent SIV vaccine in modified vaccinia virus Ankara. 
  • Persistence of herpes simplex virus type-2 genome in a human leukemic cell line. 
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulates human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication following viral entry in primary CD4+ T lymphocytes and macrophages. 
  • Phosphorylation of 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine and selective interaction of the 5'-triphosphate with human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase. 
  • Phosphorylation of DHBV pre-S: identification of the major site of phosphorylation and effects of mutations on the virus life cycle. 
  • Picornavirus genome replication. Identification of the surface of the poliovirus (PV) 3C dimer that interacts with PV 3Dpol during VPg uridylylation and construction of a structural model for the PV 3C2-3Dpol complex. 
  • Polyoma mutants that productively infect F9 embryonal carcinoma cells do not rescue wild-type polyoma in F9 cells. 
  • Polypeptides of endogenous avian C-type viruses: their detection in the plasma membrane of normal and infected cells. 
  • Post-transcriptional regulation of antiviral gene expression by N6-methyladenosine. 
  • Posttranscriptional m(6)A Editing of HIV-1 mRNAs Enhances Viral Gene Expression. 
  • Potent inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication by inducible expression of HIV-1 PR multimers. 
  • Potent suppression of HIV-1 replication in humans by T-20, a peptide inhibitor of gp41-mediated virus entry. 
  • Potential Antiviral Strategy Exploiting Dependence of SARS-CoV-2 Replication on Lysosome-Based Pathway. 
  • Potential drug targets on the HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins, gp120 and gp41. 
  • Potential mechanisms for increased HIV-1 transmission across the endocervical epithelium during C. trachomatis infection. 
  • Preexisting compensatory amino acids compromise fitness costs of a HIV-1 T cell escape mutation. 
  • Preexisting vaccinia virus immunity decreases SIV-specific cellular immunity but does not diminish humoral immunity and efficacy of a DNA/MVA vaccine. 
  • Preserved CD4+ central memory T cells and survival in vaccinated SIV-challenged monkeys. 
  • Pretreatment of epithelial cells with live Streptococcus pneumoniae has no detectable effect on influenza A virus replication in vitro. 
  • Priming with a Potent HIV-1 DNA Vaccine Frames the Quality of Immune Responses prior to a Poxvirus and Protein Boost. 
  • Proinflammatory effects of interferon gamma in mouse adenovirus 1 myocarditis. 
  • Proliferation of HIV-infected renal epithelial cells following virus acquisition from infected macrophages. 
  • Prolonged CD4+ cell/virus load discordance during treatment with protease inhibitor-based highly active antiretroviral therapy: immune response and viral control. 
  • Prolonged tenofovir treatment of macaques infected with K65R reverse transcriptase mutants of SIV results in the development of antiviral immune responses that control virus replication after drug withdrawal. 
  • Propensity for a leucine zipper-like domain of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp41 to form oligomers correlates with a role in virus-induced fusion rather than assembly of the glycoprotein complex. 
  • Prostaglandin E2 induction during mouse adenovirus type 1 respiratory infection regulates inflammatory mediator generation but does not affect viral pathogenesis. 
  • Protein synthesis-dependent potentiation by thyroxine of antiviral activity of interferon-gamma. 
  • Proteins of purified Epstein-Barr virus. 
  • Proteomic analysis of mitochondrial-associated ER membranes (MAM) during RNA virus infection reveals dynamic changes in protein and organelle trafficking. 
  • Prothymosin-alpha inhibits HIV-1 via Toll-like receptor 4-mediated type I interferon induction. 
  • Purification of a terminal uridylyltransferase that acts as host factor in the in vitro poliovirus replicase reaction. 
  • Purification of replication protein C, a cellular protein involved in the initial stages of simian virus 40 DNA replication in vitro. 
  • RIP3 Regulates Autophagy and Promotes Coxsackievirus B3 Infection of Intestinal Epithelial Cells. 
  • RNA replication from the simian virus 5 antigenomic promoter requires three sequence-dependent elements separated by sequence-independent spacer regions. 
  • Rapid diagnosis of herpes simplex infection: amplification for electron-microscopy by short-term in vitro replication. 
  • Rationally Designed Influenza Virus Vaccines That Are Antigenically Stable during Growth in Eggs. 
  • Reactivation of latent murine cytomegalovirus from kidney. 
  • Reactivity of avian RNA tumor viruses with lectins. 
  • Rebound of plasma viremia following cessation of antiretroviral therapy despite profoundly low levels of HIV reservoir: implications for eradication. 
  • Recapitulation of HIV-1 Env-antibody coevolution in macaques leading to neutralization breadth. 
  • Recombinant vaccine-induced protection against the highly pathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus SIV(mac251): dependence on route of challenge exposure. 
  • Recombination-mediated escape from primary CD8+ T cells in acute HIV-1 infection. 
  • Recovery of interleukin-17 production from interleukin-15-stimulated CD4+ mononuclear cells in HIV-1-infected patients with sustained viral suppression. 
  • Regulation of Viral Infection by the RNA Modification N6-Methyladenosine. 
  • Regulation of human retroviral latency by the NF-kappa B/I kappa B family: inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus replication by I kappa B through a Rev-dependent mechanism. 
  • Relative resistance of HIV-1 founder viruses to control by interferon-alpha. 
  • Renal epithelial cells produce and spread HIV-1 via T-cell contact. 
  • Replicating adenovirus HIV/SIV recombinant priming alone or in combination with a gp140 protein boost results in significant control of viremia following a SHIV89.6P challenge in Mamu-A*01 negative rhesus macaques. 
  • Replicating rather than nonreplicating adenovirus-human immunodeficiency virus recombinant vaccines are better at eliciting potent cellular immunity and priming high-titer antibodies. 
  • Replication and compartmentalization of HIV-1 in kidney epithelium of patients with HIV-associated nephropathy. 
  • Replication of the murine cytomegalovirus genome: structure and role of the termini in the generation and cleavage of concatenates. 
  • Replication of the vesicular stomatitis virus genome in permissive and nonpermissive host cells. 
  • Replication of type I herpes simplex virus in primary cultures of hairy cell leukemic leukocytes. 
  • Replication-Competent Influenza B Reporter Viruses as Tools for Screening Antivirals and Antibodies. 
  • Replication-Competent NYVAC-KC Yields Improved Immunogenicity to HIV-1 Antigens in Rhesus Macaques Compared to Nonreplicating NYVAC. 
  • Replication-attenuated Human Adenoviral Type 4 vectors elicit capsid dependent enhanced innate immune responses that are partially dependent upon interactions with the complement system. 
  • Replication-incompetent adenoviral vaccine vector elicits effective anti-immunodeficiency-virus immunity. 
  • Reprogramming of cellular metabolic pathways by human oncogenic viruses. 
  • Residues critical for duck hepatitis B virus neutralization are involved in host cell interaction. 
  • Resistance to type 1 interferons is a major determinant of HIV-1 transmission fitness. 
  • Response of chick-embryo kidney cells in vitro to two avian tumor viruses. 
  • Reverse genetics with a full-length infectious cDNA of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus. 
  • Reversion and T cell escape mutations compensate the fitness loss of a CD8+ T cell escape mutant in their cognate transmitted/founder virus. 
  • Ribozyme activity in the genomic and antigenomic RNA strands of hepatitis delta virus. 
  • Role of complement and Fc receptors in the pathogenesis of HIV-1 infection. 
  • Role of lymphoid organs in the pathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. 
  • Role of macrophages in restricting herpes simplex virus type 1 growth after ocular infection. 
  • Roles for endocytic trafficking and phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase III alpha in hepatitis C virus replication. 
  • SARS-CoV-2 Reverse Genetics Reveals a Variable Infection Gradient in the Respiratory Tract. 
  • SENP3-mediated host defense response contains HBV replication and restores protein synthesis. 
  • SIV infection duration largely determines broadening of neutralizing antibody response in macaques. 
  • SMAC Mimetic Plus Triple-Combination Bispecific HIVxCD3 Retargeting Molecules in SHIV.C.CH505-Infected, Antiretroviral Therapy-Suppressed Rhesus Macaques. 
  • Secretion of MIP-1β and MIP-1α by CD8(+) T-lymphocytes correlates with HIV-1 inhibition independent of coreceptor usage. 
  • Seek and hide: the manipulating interplay of measles virus with the innate immune system. 
  • Selective antiviral activity of synthetic soluble L-tyrosine and L-dopa melanins against human immunodeficiency virus in vitro. 
  • Self-cleaving ribozymes of hepatitis delta virus RNA. 
  • Serum cholesterol and statin use predict virological response to peginterferon and ribavirin therapy. 
  • Short Communication: Potential Risk of Replication-Competent Virus in HIV-1 Env-Pseudotyped Virus Preparations. 
  • Single amino acid changes can influence titer, heparin binding, and tissue tropism in different adeno-associated virus serotypes. 
  • Sites of copy choice replication involved in generation of vesicular stomatitis virus defective-interfering particle RNAs. 
  • Small-molecule inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication by specific targeting of the final step of virion maturation. 
  • Specific inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication by antisense oligonucleotides: an in vitro model for treatment. 
  • Stable expression of transdominant Rev protein in human T cells inhibits human immunodeficiency virus replication. 
  • Stimulation of mutations suppressing the loss of replication control by small alcohols. 
  • Stochastic vs. deterministic modeling of intracellular viral kinetics. 
  • Structural components of rna tumor viruses. 
  • Structural rearrangements in the transmembrane glycoprotein after receptor binding. 
  • Structure and morphogenesis of type-C retroviruses. 
  • Structure-first identification of RNA elements that regulate dengue virus genome architecture and replication. 
  • Structured treatment interruptions with tenofovir monotherapy for simian immunodeficiency virus-infected newborn macaques. 
  • Studies on DNA replication in the bacteriophage T4 in vitro system. 
  • Sucrose Nonfermenting 1-Related Protein Kinase 1 Phosphorylates a Geminivirus Rep Protein to Impair Viral Replication and Infection. 
  • Suksdorfin: an anti-HIV principle from Lomatium suksdorfii, its structure-activity correlation with related coumarins, and synergistic effects with anti-AIDS nucleosides. 
  • Susceptibility to murine cytomegalovirus retinitis during progression of MAIDS: correlation with intraocular levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma. 
  • Synthesis and anti-HIV activity of 2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro-4'-C-ethynyl nucleoside analogs. 
  • Synthetic peptide in mineral oil adjuvant elicits simian immunodeficiency virus-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes in rhesus monkeys. 
  • T-antigen kinase inhibits simian virus 40 DNA replication by phosphorylation of intact T antigen on serines 120 and 123. 
  • TMEM41B is a host factor required for the replication of diverse coronaviruses including SARS-CoV-2. 
  • Targeting Viral Proteostasis Limits Influenza Virus, HIV, and Dengue Virus Infection. 
  • Tat-SF1 is not required for Tat transactivation but does regulate the relative levels of unspliced and spliced HIV-1 RNAs. 
  • Temporal analyses of virus replication, immune responses, and efficacy in rhesus macaques immunized with a live, attenuated simian immunodeficiency virus vaccine. 
  • Terminal sequences of vesicular stomatitis virus RNA are both complementary and conserved. 
  • Terpenes from Euphorbia antiquorum and Their in Vitro Anti-HIV Activity. 
  • Tertiary initiation of replication in bacteriophage T4. Deletion of the overlapping uvsY promoter/replication origin from the phage genome. 
  • The Causes of HIV-Associated Cardiomyopathy: A Tale of Two Worlds. 
  • The Development and Use of Reporter Influenza B Viruses. 
  • The Influenza B Virus Hemagglutinin Head Domain Is Less Tolerant to Transposon Mutagenesis than That of the Influenza A Virus. 
  • The Nucleotide Sensor ZBP1 and Kinase RIPK3 Induce the Enzyme IRG1 to Promote an Antiviral Metabolic State in Neurons. 
  • The SATE pronucleotide approach applied to acyclovir: part II. Effects of bis(SATE)phosphotriester derivatives of acyclovir on duck hepatitis B virus replication in vitro and in vivo. 
  • The acidic domain of the hepatitis C virus NS4A protein is required for viral assembly and envelopment through interactions with the viral E1 glycoprotein. 
  • The complete sequence of a unique RNA species synthesized by a DI particle of VSV. 
  • The effects of HHV-8 vMIP-II on SIVmac251 infection and replication competent and incompetent SIVmac239Delta3 vectors. 
  • The eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E is not modified during the course of vaccinia virus replication. 
  • The face of future hepatitis C antiviral drug development: recent biological and virologic advances and their translation to drug development and clinical practice. 
  • The fine structure of intracranial neoplasms induced by the inoculation of avian sarcoma virus in neonatal and adult rats. 
  • The gene product Murr1 restricts HIV-1 replication in resting CD4+ lymphocytes. 
  • The immune response to HIV: implications for vaccine development. 
  • The leader RNA of vesicular stomatitis virus is bound by a cellular protein reactive with anti-La lupus antibodies. 
  • The mRNA Cap 2'-O-Methyltransferase CMTR1 Regulates the Expression of Certain Interferon-Stimulated Genes. 
  • The origins of defective interfering particles of the negative-strand RNA viruses. 
  • The phage T4 protein UvsW drives Holliday junction branch migration. 
  • The polypyrimidine tract binding protein is required for efficient picornavirus gene expression and propagation. 
  • The products of gene I and the overlapping in-frame gene XI are required for filamentous phage assembly. 
  • The role of bone marrow and thymic elements in the initiation and spread of virus production in the AKR thymus. 
  • The sequence of the CA-SP1 junction accounts for the differential sensitivity of HIV-1 and SIV to the small molecule maturation inhibitor 3-O-{3',3'-dimethylsuccinyl}-betulinic acid. 
  • The surface envelope protein gene region of equine infectious anemia virus is not an important determinant of tropism in vitro. 
  • Thymic microenvironment induces HIV expression. Physiologic secretion of IL-6 by thymic epithelial cells up-regulates virus expression in chronically infected cells. 
  • Toward an understanding of the correlates of protective immunity to HIV infection. 
  • Transactivation of BKV and SV40 early promoters by BKV and SV40 T-antigens. 
  • Transcriptional Circuit Fragility Influences HIV Proviral Fate. 
  • Transfer of HIV-1-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes to an AIDS patient leads to selection for mutant HIV variants and subsequent disease progression. 
  • Transferrin receptor 1 is a cellular receptor for New World haemorrhagic fever arenaviruses. 
  • Transmission of Multiple HIV-1 Subtype C Transmitted/founder Viruses into the Same Recipients Was not Determined by Modest Phenotypic Differences. 
  • Transmitted/founder and chronic subtype C HIV-1 use CD4 and CCR5 receptors with equal efficiency and are not inhibited by blocking the integrin α4β7. 
  • Two levels of restriction by mouse or cat cells of murine sarcoma virus coated by endogenous xenotropic oncornavirus. 
  • Two-dimensional gel analysis of rolling circle replication in the presence and absence of bacteriophage T4 primase. 
  • Two-year clinical and immune outcomes in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children who reconstitute CD4 T cells without control of viral replication after combination antiretroviral therapy. 
  • Up-regulation of Hedgehog pathway is associated with cellular permissiveness for hepatitis C virus replication. 
  • UvsW protein regulates bacteriophage T4 origin-dependent replication by unwinding R-loops. 
  • Vaccination of macaques with long-standing SIVmac251 infection lowers the viral set point after cessation of antiretroviral therapy. 
  • Vaccination of vaccinia-naive adults with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp160 recombinant vaccinia virus in a blinded, controlled, randomized clinical trial. The AIDS Vaccine Clinical Trials Network. 
  • Vaccine evaluation studies of replication-defective SIVsmB7. 
  • Variation in interferon sensitivity and induction among strains of eastern equine encephalitis virus. 
  • Vesicular stomatitis virus defective interfering particle containing a muted internal leader RNA gene. 
  • Viral Replication Complexes Are Targeted by LC3-Guided Interferon-Inducible GTPases. 
  • Viral cell death inhibitor MC159 enhances innate immunity against vaccinia virus infection. 
  • Viral dynamics of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection and applications to diagnostic and public health strategies. 
  • Viral glycoprotein synthesis under conditions of glucosamine block in cells transformed by avian sarcoma viruses. 
  • Viremia control despite escape from a rapid and potent autologous neutralizing antibody response after therapy cessation in an HIV-1-infected individual. 
  • Virological synapses allow HIV-1 uptake and gene expression in renal tubular epithelial cells. 
  • Viruses for the treatment of malignant glioma. 
  • Viruses in the treatment of brain tumors. 
  • Visualization of retroviral replication in living cells reveals budding into multivesicular bodies. 
  • Wood smoke particle exposure in mice reduces the severity of influenza infection. 
  • XRN1 stalling in the 5' UTR of Hepatitis C virus and Bovine Viral Diarrhea virus is associated with dysregulated host mRNA stability. 
  • [Chicken RNA tumor viruses: a model for virus-induced carcinogenesis]. 
  • [Morphogenesis and structure of RNA tumor viruses. Electron microscopy studies on C-type viruses]. 
  • alpha-Defensin inhibits influenza virus replication by cell-mediated mechanism(s). 
  • beta-Endorphin enhances the replication of neurotropic human immunodeficiency virus in fetal perivascular microglia. 
  • n-Butyrate, a cell cycle blocker, inhibits early amplification of duck hepatitis B virus covalently closed circular DNA after in vitro infection of duck hepatocytes. 
• 

  Keywords of People

  • Choi, Steven Sok, Associate Professor of Medicine, Medicine, Gastroenterology
  • Ferrari, Guido, Professor in Surgery, Molecular Genetics and Microbiology
  • Luftig, Micah Alan, Professor of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Cell Biology
  • Weinhold, Kent James, Joseph W. and Dorothy W. Beard Distinguished Professor of Experimental Surgery, Integrative Immunobiology