X-Ray Diffraction

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  Subject Areas on Research

  • "Active" conformation of an inactive semi-synthetic ribonuclease-S. 
  • A chiton uses aragonite lenses to form images. 
  • A composite kidney stone phantom with mechanical properties controllable over the range of human kidney stones. 
  • A high resolution structure of an inhibitor complex of the extracellular nuclease of Staphylococcus aureus. I. Experimental procedures and chain tracing. 
  • A new generation of crystallographic validation tools for the protein data bank. 
  • A new model to simulate the elastic properties of mineralized collagen fibril. 
  • A new monofluorinated phosphatidylcholine forms interdigitated bilayers. 
  • A simple route towards CuO nanowires and nanorods. 
  • A subtransition in a phospholipid with a net charge, dipalmitoylphosphatidylglycerol. 
  • A-band mass exceeds mass of its filament components by 30-45%. 
  • Adhesion between cerebroside bilayers. 
  • Advances in the determination of nucleic acid conformational ensembles. 
  • Alamethicin-induced changes in lipid bilayer morphology. 
  • Alpha-carbon coordinates for bovine Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase. 
  • Amiodarone-liposome interaction: a multinuclear NMR and X-ray diffraction study. 
  • Amphiphilic four-helix bundle peptides designed for light-induced electron transfer across a soft interface. 
  • Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and structural defects in Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase. 
  • An x-ray study of the condensed and separated states of sciatic nerve myelin. 
  • An x-ray study of the effect of enzymes on frog sciatic nerve myelin. 
  • Anti-aids agents, 6. Salaspermic acid, an anti-HIV principle from Tripterygium wilfordii, and the structure-activity correlation with its related compounds. 
  • Antitumor agents, 135. Structure and stereochemistry of polacandrin, a new cytotoxic triterpene from Polanisia dodecandra. 
  • Antitumor agents, 79. Cytotoxic antileukemic alkaloids from Brucea antidysenterica. 
  • Antitumor agents. 139. Synthesis and biological evaluation of thiocolchicine analogs 5,6-dihydro-6(S)-(acyloxy)- and 5,6-dihydro-6(S)-[(aroyloxy)methyl]-1,2,3-trimethoxy-9-(methylthio)-8H- cyclohepta[a]naphthalen-8-ones as novel cytotoxic and antimitotic agents. 
  • Application of singular value decomposition to the analysis of time-resolved macromolecular x-ray data. 
  • Area per molecule and distribution of water in fully hydrated dilauroylphosphatidylethanolamine bilayers. 
  • Assembly of microtubules from preformed, ring-shaped protofilaments and 6-S tubulin. 
  • Away from the edge II: in-house Se-SAS phasing with chromium radiation. 
  • Bilayer interfacial properties modulate the binding of amphipathic peptides. 
  • Binding of myosin subfragment 1 to glycerinated insect flight muscle in the rigor state. 
  • Block-selected molecular recognition and formation of polypseudorotaxanes between poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide) triblock copolymers and alpha-cyclodextrin. 
  • Calcium measurements with electron probe X-ray and electron energy loss analysis. 
  • Calmodulin structure refined at 1.7 A resolution. 
  • Cardiotonic agents. 8. Selective inhibitors of adenosine 3',5'-cyclic phosphate phosphodiesterase III. Elaboration of a five-point model for positive inotropic activity. 
  • Charge-reversal amphiphiles for gene delivery. 
  • Cholesterol modifies the short-range repulsive interactions between phosphatidylcholine membranes. 
  • Co-ordinated electron microscopy and X-ray studies of glycerinated insect flight muscle. I. X-ray diffraction monitoring during preparation for electron microscopy of muscle fibres fixed in rigor, in ATP and in AMPPNP. 
  • Co-ordinated electron microscopy and X-ray studies of glycerinated insect flight muscle. II. Electron microscopy and image reconstruction of muscle fibres fixed in rigor, in ATP and in AMPPNP. 
  • Cocrystal structure of an editing complex of Klenow fragment with DNA. 
  • Conformation of xylocholine. 
  • Conformational analysis and molecular modeling of 1-phenyl-, 4-phenyl-, and 1-benzyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines as D1 dopamine receptor ligands. 
  • Contributions of hydration and steric (entropic) pressures to the interactions between phosphatidylcholine bilayers: experiments with the subgel phase. 
  • Control of the orientational order and nonlinear optical response of the "push-pull" chromophore RuPZn via specific incorporation into densely packed monolayer ensembles of an amphiphilic 4-helix bundle peptide: second harmonic generation at high chromophore densities. 
  • Control of the orientational order and nonlinear optical response of the "push-pull" chromophore RuPZn via specific incorporation into densely packed monolayer ensembles of an amphiphilic four-helix bundle peptide: characterization of the peptide-chromophore complexes. 
  • Correlated x-ray diffraction and freeze-fracture studies on membrane model systems. Perturbations induced by freeze-fracture preparative procedures. 
  • Correlating nanoscale titania structure with toxicity: a cytotoxicity and inflammatory response study with human dermal fibroblasts and human lung epithelial cells. 
  • Crossbridges in the complete unit cell of rigor insect flight muscle imaged by three-dimensional reconstruction from oblique sections. 
  • Crystal structure of bovine Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase at 3 A resolution: chain tracing and metal ligands. 
  • Crystal structure of deoxygenated Limulus polyphemus subunit II hemocyanin at 2.18 A resolution: clues for a mechanism for allosteric regulation. 
  • Crystal structure of ferrioxamine B: a comparative analysis and implications for molecular recognition. 
  • Crystal structure of the major histocompatibility complex class I H-2Kb molecule containing a single viral peptide: implications for peptide binding and T-cell receptor recognition. 
  • Crystal structure of the promutagen O4-methylthymidine: importance of the anti conformation of the O(4) methoxy group and possible mispairing of O4-methylthymidine with guanine. 
  • Crystalline arrays of the Escherichia coli sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase, an integral membrane protein. 
  • Crystalline foreign particulate material in hernia sacs. 
  • Crystallization and preliminary X-ray crystallographic studies of glutaredoxin 2 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae in different oxidation states. 
  • Crystallization and preliminary X-ray investigation of calmodulin. 
  • Crystallization and preliminary X-ray studies on the co-repressor binding domain of the Escherichia coli purine repressor. 
  • Crystallization of a complex of cro repressor with a 17 base-pair operator. 
  • Crystallization of the purine salvage enzyme adenine phosphoribosyltransferase. 
  • Crystallographic studies of calmodulin. 
  • Depth of water penetration into lipid bilayers. 
  • Describing patterns of protein tertiary structure. 
  • Determination of the depth of bromine atoms in bilayers formed from bromolipid probes. 
  • Differences in hydrocarbon chain tilt between hydrated phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine bilayers. A molecular packing model. 
  • Direct determination of the electron density profile of nerve myelin. 
  • Direct determination of the lamellar structure of peripheral nerve myelin at low resolution (17 A). 
  • Direct determination of the lamellar structure of peripheral nerve myelin at moderate resolution (7A). 
  • Direct structure determination of multilayered membrane-type systems which contain fluid layers. 
  • Discussion paper: asbestos fiber exposures in a hard rock gold mine. 
  • Distribution of gap junctions and square array junctions in the mammalian lens. 
  • Editorial overview: Nucleic acids and their protein complexes: Progress in nucleic acid structural biology: new technologies and discoveries. 
  • Effect of benzyl alcohol on lipid bilayers. A comparisons of bilayer systems. 
  • Effect of heme and non-heme ligands on subunit dissociation of normal and carboxypeptidase-digested hemoglobin. Gel filtration and flash photolysis studies. 
  • Effects of natural and enantiomeric cholesterol on the thermotropic phase behavior and structure of egg sphingomyelin bilayer membranes. 
  • Effects of phenylamide herbicides on the physical properties of phosphatidylcholine membranes. 
  • Electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction evidence for two Z-band structural states. 
  • Electron tomography of fast frozen, stretched rigor fibers reveals elastic distortions in the myosin crossbridges. 
  • Electron-tunneling pathways in proteins. 
  • Electrostatic control of phospholipid polymorphism. 
  • Escherichia coli biotin holoenzyme synthetase/bio repressor crystal structure delineates the biotin- and DNA-binding domains. 
  • Evidence of yttrium silicate inclusions in YSZ-porcelain veneers. 
  • Experimental tests for protrusion and undulation pressures in phospholipid bilayers. 
  • Formation of an unusual steroidal oxetane and its transformation products. 
  • Fracture toughness improvements of dental ceramic through use of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) thin-film coatings. 
  • Fullerol cluster formation in aqueous solutions: implications for environmental release. 
  • Functional nanocomposites prepared by self-assembly and polymerization of diacetylene surfactants and silicic acid. 
  • Gelation of liposome interior. A novel method for drug encapsulation. 
  • Generalized dead-end elimination algorithms make large-scale protein side-chain structure prediction tractable: implications for protein design and structural genomics. 
  • Glucagon fibril polymorphism reflects differences in protofilament backbone structure. 
  • High-efficiency solar cell with Earth-abundant liquid-processed absorber. 
  • How the EcoRI endonuclease recognizes and cleaves DNA. 
  • Human breast cancer specimens: diffraction-enhanced imaging with histologic correlation--improved conspicuity of lesion detail compared with digital radiography. 
  • Hydration and steric pressures between phospholipid bilayers. 
  • Hydration force and bilayer deformation: a reevaluation. 
  • Hydrothermal vent fields and chemosynthetic biota on the world's deepest seafloor spreading centre. 
  • Incorporation of designed extended chromophores into amphiphilic 4-helix bundle peptides for nonlinear optical biomolecular materials. 
  • Induced changes in orientation of the cross-bridges of glycerinated insect flight muscle. 
  • Influence of cholesterol on water penetration into bilayers. 
  • Influence of lipid composition on physical properties and peg-mediated fusion of curved and uncurved model membrane vesicles: "nature's own" fusogenic lipid bilayer. 
  • Inhibition of thermolysin by phosphonamidate transition-state analogues: measurement of 31P-15N bond lengths and chemical shifts in two enzyme-inhibitor complexes by solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance. 
  • Initiating a structural study of 2-keto-3-deoxy-6-phosphogluconate aldolase from Escherichia coli. 
  • Injectable drug-delivery systems based on supramolecular hydrogels formed by poly(ethylene oxide)s and alpha-cyclodextrin. 
  • Insect crossbridges, relaxed by spin-labeled nucleotide, show well-ordered 90 degrees state by X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy, but spectra of electron paramagnetic resonance probes report disorder. 
  • Interaction of benzene with bilayers. Thermal and structural studies. 
  • Interbilayer interactions between sphingomyelin and sphingomyelin/cholesterol bilayers. 
  • Interdigitated hydrocarbon chain packing causes the biphasic transition behavior in lipid/alcohol suspensions. 
  • Interpretation of electron density maps. 
  • Involvement of the distal histidine in the low affinity exhibited by Hb Chico (Lys beta 66----Thr) and its isolated beta chains. 
  • Lamellar structure of bleached and unbleached rod photoreceptor membranes. 
  • Lipid bilayer ultrastructure. Electron density profiles and chain tilt angles as determined by X-ray diffraction. 
  • Lipopolysaccharide bilayer structure: effect of chemotype, core mutations, divalent cations, and temperature. 
  • Lipopolysaccharides in bacterial membranes act like cholesterol in eukaryotic plasma membranes in providing protection against melittin-induced bilayer lysis. 
  • Long- and short-range interactions between phospholipid/ganglioside GM1 bilayers. 
  • Manganese superoxide dismutases from Escherichia coli and from yeast mitochondria: preliminary x-ray crystallographic studies. 
  • Measuring the resolution of uncompressed plastic sections cut using an oscillating knife ultramicrotome. 
  • Mechanisms of photochemistry and reactive oxygen production by fullerene suspensions in water. 
  • Membrane fusion promoters and inhibitors have contrasting effects on lipid bilayer structure and undulations. 
  • Membrane specializations in mammalian lens fiber cells: distribution of square arrays. 
  • Microtubule structure at 18 A resolution. 
  • Modulation of poly(ethylene glycol)-induced fusion by membrane hydration: importance of interbilayer separation. 
  • Modulation of the interbilayer hydration pressure by the addition of dipoles at the hydrocarbon/water interface. 
  • Molecular conformation of erabutoxin b; atomic coordinates at 2.5 A resolution. 
  • Molecular mechanism by which the nucleoid occlusion factor, SlmA, keeps cytokinesis in check. 
  • Morphology of the intermediate stages in the lamellar to hexagonal lipid phase transition. 
  • Myosin filament structure and myosin crossbridge dynamics in fish and insect muscles. 
  • Naturally-occurring cholesterol analogues in lipid nanoparticles induce polymorphic shape and enhance intracellular delivery of mRNA. 
  • Neutron and X-ray diffraction structural analysis of phosphatidylinositol bilayers. 
  • New structural model for mixed-chain phosphatidylcholine bilayers. 
  • New techniques for imaging and analyzing lung tissue. 
  • Non-viral charge reversal vectors for pDNA delivery. 
  • Novel 17 alpha-chloro-17 beta-sulfinyl steroids as specific inhibitors of sebaceous gland activity: potential antiacne agents. 
  • O-Alkyl dioleoylphosphatidylcholinium compounds: the effect of varying alkyl chain length on their physical properties and in vitro DNA transfection activity. 
  • On the localization of ubiquinone in phosphatidylcholine bilayers. 
  • On the structural organization of isolated bovine lens fiber junctions. 
  • One-step in situ biosynthesis of graphene oxide-bacterial cellulose nanocomposite hydrogels. 
  • Order parameter fluctuations at a buried quantum critical point. 
  • Organization of skin stratum corneum extracellular lamellae: diffraction evidence for asymmetric distribution of cholesterol. 
  • PLGA and PHBV microsphere formulations and solid-state characterization: possible implications for local delivery of fusidic acid for the treatment and prevention of orthopaedic infections. 
  • Packing and viscoelasticity of polyunsaturated omega-3 and omega-6 lipid bilayers as seen by (2)H NMR and X-ray diffraction. 
  • Phonon localization drives polar nanoregions in a relaxor ferroelectric. 
  • Phospholipid-protein adducts of lipid peroxidation: synthesis and study of new biotinylated phosphatidylcholines. 
  • Physical properties of cholesteryl esters having 20 carbons or more. 
  • Physical properties of cholesteryl esters. 
  • Preliminary X-ray diffraction studies of acyl carrier protein from Escherichia coli. 
  • Preliminary X-ray diffraction studies on the hemoprotein subunit of Escherichia coli sulfite reductase. 
  • Preliminary crystallographic investigations of two phycobiliproteins. 
  • Preliminary x-ray diffraction studies of EcoRI restriction endonuclease-DNA complex. 
  • Preparation and characterization of fouling-resistant photocatalytic metal membrane embedded with self-organized TiO₂ nano tube. 
  • Preparation and characterization of polypseudorotaxanes based on block-selected inclusion complexation between poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide) triblock copolymers and alpha-cyclodextrin. 
  • Probing the ethanol-induced chain interdigitations in gel-state bilayers of mixed-chain phosphatidylcholines. 
  • Prostate. III--A structural feature characteristic of the rat prostate 5 alpha-reductase active site. 
  • Protein amyloidose misfolding: mechanisms, detection, and pathological implications. 
  • Protein-DNA conformational changes in the crystal structure of a lambda Cro-operator complex. 
  • Proteoglycans contain a 4.6 A repeat in muscular dystrophy corneas: x-ray diffraction evidence. 
  • Proteoglycans contain a 4.6-A repeat in corneas with macular dystrophy: II. Histochemical evidence. 
  • Pulmonary fibrosis, carcinoma, and ferruginous body counts in amosite asbestos workers. A study of six cases. 
  • Purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction studies of a complex between G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 and Gbeta1gamma2. 
  • Quantitative analysis of particulate burden in lung tissue. 
  • Rabbit and human liver contain a novel pentacyclic triterpene ester with acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase inhibitory activity. 
  • Range and magnitude of the steric pressure between bilayers containing phospholipids with covalently attached poly(ethylene glycol). 
  • Range of the solvation pressure between lipid membranes: dependence on the packing density of solvent molecules. 
  • Rapid preparation and characterization of uniform, large, spherical Ag particles through a simple wet-chemical route. 
  • Regulation and action of the bacterial enhancer-binding protein AAA+ domains. 
  • Relation between the redox state of iron-based nanoparticles and their cytotoxicity toward Escherichia coli. 
  • Repulsive interactions and mechanical stability of polymer-grafted lipid membranes. 
  • Rigor crossbridge structure in tilted single filament layers and flared-X formations from insect flight muscle. 
  • Role of water in short-range repulsive and attractive interactions between macromolecules and bilayers. 
  • Self-assembled supramolecular hydrogels formed by biodegradable PEO-PHB-PEO triblock copolymers and alpha-cyclodextrin for controlled drug delivery. 
  • Shape and size control of ZnO nanostructures via a simple solution route. 
  • Short-range interactions between lipid bilayers measured by X-ray diffraction. 
  • Size-controlled dissolution of organic-coated silver nanoparticles. 
  • Stream transport of iron and phosphorus by authigenic nanoparticles in the Southern Piedmont of the U.S. 
  • Structural analysis of the purine repressor, an Escherichia coli DNA-binding protein. 
  • Structural and dynamic analysis of residual dipolar coupling data for proteins. 
  • Structural and functional studies of hemoglobin Suresnes (arg 141 alpha 2 replaced by His beta 2). Consequences of disrupting an oxygen-linked anion-binding site. 
  • Structural and thermodynamic characterization of a cytoplasmic dynein light chain-intermediate chain complex. 
  • Structural basis for the 3'-5' exonuclease activity of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I: a two metal ion mechanism. 
  • Structural studies of amphiphilic 4-helix bundle peptides incorporating designed extended chromophores for nonlinear optical biomolecular materials. 
  • Structure and cohesive properties of sphingomyelin/cholesterol bilayers. 
  • Structure and interactive properties of highly fluorinated phospholipid bilayers. 
  • Structure and phase behavior of lipid suspensions containing phospholipids with covalently attached poly(ethylene glycol). 
  • Structure of a fibronectin type III domain from tenascin phased by MAD analysis of the selenomethionyl protein. 
  • Structure of gamma-chymotrypsin in the range pH 2.0 to pH 10.5 suggests that gamma-chymotrypsin is a covalent acyl-enzyme adduct at low pH. 
  • Structure of microtubules with reduced hydration. Comparison of results from X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy. 
  • Structure of supported bilayers composed of lipopolysaccharides and bacterial phospholipids: raft formation and implications for bacterial resistance. 
  • Structure of the crystalline bilayer in the subgel phase of dipalmitoylphosphatidylglycerol. 
  • Structure, composition, and peptide binding properties of detergent soluble bilayers and detergent resistant rafts. 
  • Surfactant-assisted synthesis of Keggin-type polyoxometalates nanorods. 
  • Synthesis and characterization of carbohydrate-based phospholipids. 
  • Synthesis, structure, and thermal properties of 1,2-dipalmitoylgalloylglycerol (DPGG), a novel self-adhering lipid. 
  • Temperature dependence of the repulsive pressure between phosphatidylcholine bilayers. 
  • The MotA protein from bacteriophage T4 contains two domains. Preliminary structural analysis by X-ray diffraction and nuclear magnetic resonance. 
  • The choice between the positive and negative structures for nerve myelin. 
  • The crystal structure of bovine Cu2+,Zn2+ superoxide dismutase at 5.5-A resolution. 
  • The effect of cholesterol on the structure of phosphatidylcholine bilayers. 
  • The effect of ethanol on the phase transition temperature and the phase structure of monounsaturated phosphatidylcholines. 
  • The effect of phloretin on the hydration of egg phosphatidylcholine multilayers. 
  • The electrical conductivity of phospholipid films as an iodine-sensing mechanism. 
  • The extracellular nuclease of Staphylococcus aureus: structures of the native enzyme and an enzyme-inhibitor complex at 4 A resolution. 
  • The heme and Fe4S4 cluster in the crystallographic structure of Escherichia coli sulfite reductase. 
  • The hydration pressure between lipid bilayers. Comparison of measurements using x-ray diffraction and calorimetry. 
  • The interaction of polyphenols with bilayers: conditions for increasing bilayer adhesion. 
  • The lamellar structure of nerve myelin after rehydration. 
  • The lipopolysaccharide barrier: correlation of antibiotic susceptibility with antibiotic permeability and fluorescent probe binding kinetics. 
  • The molecular organization of asymmetric lipid bilayers and lipid-peptide complexes. 
  • The myosin filament superlattice in the flight muscles of flies: A-band lattice optimisation for stretch-activation? 
  • The organization of n-alkanes in lipid bilayers. 
  • The resolution, isolation, and pharmacological characterization of the enantiomers of a benzamide containing a chiral sulfoxide. 
  • The role of stable α-synuclein oligomers in the molecular events underlying amyloid formation. 
  • The singly-wound parallel beta barrel: a proposed structure for 2-keto-3-deoxy-6-phosphogluconate aldolase. 
  • The structure and assembly of microtubules. 
  • The structure and function of pyruvate kinase. 
  • The structure of insect flight muscle in the presence of AMPPNP. 
  • The structure of junctions between lens fiber cells. 
  • The three-dimensional structure of H-2Db at 2.4 A resolution: implications for antigen-determinant selection. 
  • Thermomechanical and transition properties of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine/cholesterol bilayers. 
  • Three dimensional structure of erabutoxin b neurotoxic protein: inhibitor of acetylcholine receptor. 
  • Three-dimensional reconstruction of rigor insect flight muscle from tilted thin sections. 
  • Three-dimensional structures of C-phycocyanin and B-phycoerythrin at 5-A resolution. 
  • Thrombogenesis: effect of molecular motions, surface order, and hydrophobicity of the polymer interface. 
  • Tris buffer causes acyl chain interdigitation in phosphatidylglycerol. 
  • Tuning the field-emission properties of tungsten oxide nanorods. 
  • Two crystal forms of bovine superoxide dismutase. 
  • Ultra-rapid freezing of thin biological samples. 
  • X-ray crystal structure and conformation of a spin-labeled acetylcholine, DL-4-[N,N-dimethyl-n-(ethan-2'-olacetate)amino]-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyliodide. 
  • X-ray diffraction analysis of isolated skin lipids: reconstitution of intercellular lipid domains. 
  • X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy from Lethocerus flight muscle partially relaxed by adenylylimidodiphosphate and ethylene glycol. 
  • X-ray diffraction evidence for myosin-troponin connections and tropomyosin movement during stretch activation of insect flight muscle. 
  • X-ray diffraction indicates that active cross-bridges bind to actin target zones in insect flight muscle. 
  • X-ray diffraction observations of chemically skinned frog skeletal muscle processed by an improved method. 
  • X-ray diffraction studies of striated muscles. 
  • X-ray diffraction to determine the thickness of raft and nonraft bilayers. 
  • X-ray evidence that in contracting live frog muscles there exist two distinct populations of myosin heads. 
  • X-ray structure of cytidine-5'-O-dimethylphosphate. Novel stacking between the ribosyl O(2') hydroxyl oxygen atom and the base. 
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  Keywords of People

  • Erickson, Harold Paul, James B. Duke Distinguished Professor of Cell Biology, Cell Biology
  • Preminger, Glenn Michael, James F. Glenn, M.D. Distinguished Professor of Urology, Surgery
  • Richardson, David C., Professor of Biochemistry, Biochemistry