HIV Envelope Protein gp41

• 

  Subject Areas on Research

  • A comparative immunogenicity study of HIV-1 virus-like particles bearing various forms of envelope proteins, particles bearing no envelope and soluble monomeric gp120. 
  • A fusion intermediate gp41 immunogen elicits neutralizing antibodies to HIV-1. 
  • A molecular clasp in the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 TM protein determines the anti-HIV activity of gp41 derivatives: implication for viral fusion. 
  • A prospective clinical and pathological examination of injection site reactions with the HIV-1 fusion inhibitor enfuvirtide. 
  • Affinity maturation and characterization of a human monoclonal antibody against HIV-1 gp41. 
  • Aiming to induce broadly reactive neutralizing antibody responses with HIV-1 vaccine candidates. 
  • Amino Acid Changes in the HIV-1 gp41 Membrane Proximal Region Control Virus Neutralization Sensitivity. 
  • An inducible HIV type 1 gp41 HR-2 peptide-binding site on HIV type 1 envelope gp120. 
  • Assessment of antibody responses against gp41 in HIV-1-infected patients using soluble gp41 fusion proteins and peptides derived from M group consensus envelope. 
  • Augmentation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 neutralizing antibody by priming with gp160 recombinant vaccinia and boosting with rgp160 in vaccinia-naive adults. The NIAID AIDS Vaccine Clinical Trials Network. 
  • Broad and potent HIV-1 neutralization by a human antibody that binds the gp41-gp120 interface. 
  • Broad and potent neutralization of HIV-1 by a gp41-specific human antibody. 
  • Cardiolipin polyspecific autoreactivity in two broadly neutralizing HIV-1 antibodies. 
  • Characteristics of the specific cell-mediated immune response in human immunodeficiency virus infection. 
  • Characterization of a trimeric MPER containing HIV-1 gp41 antigen. 
  • Cocrystal Structures of Antibody N60-i3 and Antibody JR4 in Complex with gp120 Define More Cluster A Epitopes Involved in Effective Antibody-Dependent Effector Function against HIV-1. 
  • Common tolerance mechanisms, but distinct cross-reactivities associated with gp41 and lipids, limit production of HIV-1 broad neutralizing antibodies 2F5 and 4E10. 
  • Comparison of anti-HIV-1 ADCC reactivities in infected humans and chimpanzees. 
  • Construction and phenotypic characterization of HIV type 1 functional envelope clones of subtypes G and F. 
  • Conversion of an immunogenic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) envelope synthetic peptide to a tolerogen in chimpanzees by the fusogenic domain of HIV gp41 envelope protein. 
  • Cross-reactive human immunodeficiency virus type 1-neutralizing human monoclonal antibody that recognizes a novel conformational epitope on gp41 and lacks reactivity against self-antigens. 
  • Crystal structure of a non-neutralizing antibody to the HIV-1 gp41 membrane-proximal external region. 
  • Derivation of non-infectious envelope proteins from virions isolated from plasma negative for HIV antibodies. 
  • Design of helical, oligomeric HIV-1 fusion inhibitor peptides with potent activity against enfuvirtide-resistant virus. 
  • Design, expression, and immunogenicity of a soluble HIV trimeric envelope fragment adopting a prefusion gp41 configuration. 
  • Development of an env gp41-based heteroduplex mobility assay for rapid human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtyping. 
  • Developmental Pathway of the MPER-Directed HIV-1-Neutralizing Antibody 10E8. 
  • Differential reactivity of germ line allelic variants of a broadly neutralizing HIV-1 antibody to a gp41 fusion intermediate conformation. 
  • Dual-Affinity Re-Targeting proteins direct T cell-mediated cytolysis of latently HIV-infected cells. 
  • Durable efficacy of tipranavir-ritonavir in combination with an optimised background regimen of antiretroviral drugs for treatment-experienced HIV-1-infected patients at 48 weeks in the Randomized Evaluation of Strategic Intervention in multi-drug reSistant patients with Tipranavir (RESIST) studies: an analysis of combined data from two randomised open-label trials. 
  • Dynamic antibody specificities and virion concentrations in circulating immune complexes in acute to chronic HIV-1 infection. 
  • Effect of synthetic peptides belonging to E2 envelope protein of GB virus C on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. 
  • Electron tomography of the contact between T cells and SIV/HIV-1: implications for viral entry. 
  • Enfuvirtide: the first therapy to inhibit the entry of HIV-1 into host CD4 lymphocytes. 
  • Enhanced antibody responses to an HIV-1 membrane-proximal external region antigen in mice reconstituted with cultured lymphocytes. 
  • Envelope deglycosylation enhances antigenicity of HIV-1 gp41 epitopes for both broad neutralizing antibodies and their unmutated ancestor antibodies. 
  • Epitope specificity of human immunodeficiency virus-1 antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity [ADCC] responses. 
  • Estimating the probability of polyreactive antibodies 4E10 and 2F5 disabling a gp41 trimer after T cell-HIV adhesion. 
  • Evidence that mannosyl residues are involved in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) pathogenesis. 
  • Functional and molecular characterization of human monoclonal antibody reactive with the immunodominant region of HIV type 1 glycoprotein 41. 
  • Functional, non-clonal IgMa-restricted B cell receptor interactions with the HIV-1 envelope gp41 membrane proximal external region. 
  • Fusion peptide of HIV-1 as a site of vulnerability to neutralizing antibody. 
  • Gamete interactions in Xenopus laevis: identification of sperm binding glycoproteins in the egg vitelline envelope. 
  • Genetic signatures in the envelope glycoproteins of HIV-1 that associate with broadly neutralizing antibodies. 
  • Glycoengineering HIV-1 Env creates 'supercharged' and 'hybrid' glycans to increase neutralizing antibody potency, breadth and saturation. 
  • Glycosylation Benchmark Profile for HIV-1 Envelope Glycoprotein Production Based on Eleven Env Trimers. 
  • Glycosylation site-specific analysis of clade C HIV-1 envelope proteins. 
  • HIV DNA-Adenovirus Multiclade Envelope Vaccine Induces gp41 Antibody Immunodominance in Rhesus Macaques. 
  • HIV entry inhibitors: progress in development and application. 
  • HIV fusion and its inhibition. 
  • HIV vaccines. Magic of the occult? 
  • HIV-1 Envelope Mimicry of Host Enzyme Kynureninase Does Not Disrupt Tryptophan Metabolism. 
  • HIV-1 VACCINES. Diversion of HIV-1 vaccine-induced immunity by gp41-microbiota cross-reactive antibodies. 
  • HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein trimers display open quaternary conformation when bound to the gp41 membrane-proximal external-region-directed broadly neutralizing antibody Z13e1. 
  • HIV-1 envelope gp41 antibodies can originate from terminal ileum B cells that share cross-reactivity with commensal bacteria. 
  • HIV-1 envelope gp41 broadly neutralizing antibodies: hurdles for vaccine development. 
  • HIV-1 gp140 epitope recognition is influenced by immunoglobulin DH gene segment sequence. 
  • HIV-1 gp41 envelope IgA is frequently elicited after transmission but has an initial short response half-life. 
  • HIV-1 resistance to CCR5 antagonists associated with highly efficient use of CCR5 and altered tropism on primary CD4+ T cells. 
  • Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp41 antibodies that mask membrane proximal region epitopes: antibody binding kinetics, induction, and potential for regulation in acute infection. 
  • Identification of autoantigens recognized by the 2F5 and 4E10 broadly neutralizing HIV-1 antibodies. 
  • Identification of sites within gp41 that serve as targets for antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity by using human monoclonal antibodies. 
  • Immunogenicity of Stabilized HIV-1 Envelope Trimers with Reduced Exposure of Non-neutralizing Epitopes. 
  • Immunogenicity of membrane-bound HIV-1 gp41 membrane-proximal external region (MPER) segments is dominated by residue accessibility and modulated by stereochemistry. 
  • Immunogenicity of recombinant human immunodeficiency virus type 1-like particles expressing gp41 derivatives in a pre-fusion state. 
  • Immunogens Modeling a Fusion-Intermediate Conformation of gp41 Elicit Antibodies to the Membrane Proximal External Region of the HIV Envelope Glycoprotein. 
  • Immunologic NO synthase: elevation in severe AIDS dementia and induction by HIV-1 gp41. 
  • In vivo gp41 antibodies targeting the 2F5 monoclonal antibody epitope mediate human immunodeficiency virus type 1 neutralization breadth. 
  • Increased envelope spike density and stability are not required for the neutralization resistance of primary human immunodeficiency viruses. 
  • Induction of HIV-1 broad neutralizing antibodies in 2F5 knock-in mice: selection against membrane proximal external region-associated autoreactivity limits T-dependent responses. 
  • Induction of HIVMN neutralizing antibodies in primates using a prime-boost regimen of hybrid synthetic gp120 envelope peptides. 
  • Induction of a nonproductive conformational change in gp120 by a small molecule HIV type 1 entry inhibitor. 
  • Induction of antibodies in rhesus macaques that recognize a fusion-intermediate conformation of HIV-1 gp41. 
  • Initial B-cell responses to transmitted human immunodeficiency virus type 1: virion-binding immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG antibodies followed by plasma anti-gp41 antibodies with ineffective control of initial viremia. 
  • Initial antibodies binding to HIV-1 gp41 in acutely infected subjects are polyreactive and highly mutated. 
  • Initiation of immune tolerance-controlled HIV gp41 neutralizing B cell lineages. 
  • Isolation of a human anti-HIV gp41 membrane proximal region neutralizing antibody by antigen-specific single B cell sorting. 
  • Long term tolerability and safety of enfuvirtide for human immunodeficiency virus 1-infected children. 
  • Mechanisms and structural determinants of HIV-1 coat protein, gp41-induced neurotoxicity. 
  • Modulation of nonneutralizing HIV-1 gp41 responses by an MHC-restricted TH epitope overlapping those of membrane proximal external region broadly neutralizing antibodies. 
  • Molecular cloning and analysis of functional envelope genes from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 sequence subtypes A through G. The WHO and NIAID Networks for HIV Isolation and Characterization. 
  • Molecular surveillance of HIV-1 field strains in Nigeria in preparation for vaccine trials. 
  • Monoclonal antibodies that bind to the core of fusion-active glycoprotein 41. 
  • Newer treatments for HIV in children. 
  • Nonneutralizing HIV-1 gp41 envelope cluster II human monoclonal antibodies show polyreactivity for binding to phospholipids and protein autoantigens. 
  • Passively transferred antibodies directed against conserved regions of SIV envelope protect macaques from SIV infection. 
  • Passively transmitted gp41 antibodies in babies born from HIV-1 subtype C-seropositive women: correlation between fine specificity and protection. 
  • Persistence of attenuated rev genes in a human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected asymptomatic individual. 
  • Phenotypic Correlates of HIV-1 Macrophage Tropism. 
  • Phylogenetic analysis of protease and transmembrane region of HIV type 1 group O. 
  • Plasma IgG to linear epitopes in the V2 and V3 regions of HIV-1 gp120 correlate with a reduced risk of infection in the RV144 vaccine efficacy trial. 
  • Polyclonal B cell responses to conserved neutralization epitopes in a subset of HIV-1-infected individuals. 
  • Population pharmacokinetics of enfuvirtide in pediatric patients with human immunodeficiency virus: searching for exposure-response relationships. 
  • Potent suppression of HIV-1 replication in humans by T-20, a peptide inhibitor of gp41-mediated virus entry. 
  • Potential drug targets on the HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins, gp120 and gp41. 
  • Prefusion structure of trimeric HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein determined by cryo-electron microscopy. 
  • Presence of diverse human immunodeficiency virus type 1 viral variants in Cameroon. 
  • Profiling the specificity of neutralizing antibodies in a large panel of plasmas from patients chronically infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtypes B and C. 
  • Prolonged exposure of the HIV-1 gp41 membrane proximal region with L669S substitution. 
  • Propensity for a leucine zipper-like domain of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp41 to form oligomers correlates with a role in virus-induced fusion rather than assembly of the glycoprotein complex. 
  • Protection of neonatal macaques against experimental SHIV infection by human neutralizing monoclonal antibodies. 
  • Rational design of membrane proximal external region lipopeptides containing chemical modifications for HIV-1 vaccination. 
  • Relationships between CD4 independence, neutralization sensitivity, and exposure of a CD4-induced epitope in a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope protein. 
  • Restricted isotype, distinct variable gene usage, and high rate of gp120 specificity of HIV-1 envelope-specific B cells in colostrum compared with those in blood of HIV-1-infected, lactating African women. 
  • Role of HIV membrane in neutralization by two broadly neutralizing antibodies. 
  • Role of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 envelope in the anti-HIV activity of the betulinic acid derivative IC9564. 
  • Safety and efficacy of enfuvirtide for 48 weeks as part of an optimized antiretroviral regimen in pediatric human immunodeficiency virus 1-infected patients. 
  • Screening the interactions between HIV-1 neutralizing antibodies and model lipid surfaces. 
  • Short-term safety and antiretroviral activity of T-1249, a second-generation fusion inhibitor of HIV. 
  • Stable docking of neutralizing human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp41 membrane-proximal external region monoclonal antibodies 2F5 and 4E10 is dependent on the membrane immersion depth of their epitope regions. 
  • Structural and functional features of the HIV envelope glycoprotein and considerations for vaccine development. 
  • Structural basis for HIV-1 neutralization by a gp41 fusion intermediate-directed antibody. 
  • Structural rearrangements in the transmembrane glycoprotein after receptor binding. 
  • Structure and immune recognition of trimeric pre-fusion HIV-1 Env. 
  • Structure of an HIV-1-neutralizing antibody target, the lipid-bound gp41 envelope membrane proximal region trimer. 
  • The role of antibody polyspecificity and lipid reactivity in binding of broadly neutralizing anti-HIV-1 envelope human monoclonal antibodies 2F5 and 4E10 to glycoprotein 41 membrane proximal envelope epitopes. 
  • Transcytosis-blocking abs elicited by an oligomeric immunogen based on the membrane proximal region of HIV-1 gp41 target non-neutralizing epitopes. 
  • Ultrastructural evidence of an interaction between Env and Gag proteins during assembly of HIV type 1. 
  • Utilization of immunoglobulin G Fc receptors by human immunodeficiency virus type 1: a specific role for antibodies against the membrane-proximal external region of gp41. 
  • Vaccination with peptide mimetics of the gp41 prehairpin fusion intermediate yields neutralizing antisera against HIV-1 isolates. 
• 

  Keywords of People

  • Ferrari, Guido, Associate Professor of Surgery, Molecular Genetics and Microbiology
  • Luftig, Micah Alan, Associate Professor of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Immunology
  • Weinhold, Kent James, Joseph W. and Dorothy W. Beard Professor of Experimental Surgery, in the School of Medicine, Immunology