Polymerase Chain Reaction

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  Subject Areas on Research

  • 2.6 Mb YAC contig of the human X inactivation center region in Xq13: physical linkage of the RPS4X, PHKA1, XIST and DXS128E genes. 
  • A 4-Mb high-density single nucleotide polymorphism-based map around human APOE. 
  • A Common Variant in MIR182 Is Associated With Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma in the NEIGHBORHOOD Consortium. 
  • A Comparative Study of Serum Exosome Isolation Using Differential Ultracentrifugation and Three Commercial Reagents. 
  • A PCR-RFLP typing method for adhesion molecule gene polymorphisms and allele frequencies in a normal UK population. 
  • A PCR-based strategy to generate integrative targeting alleles with large regions of homology. 
  • A StuI polymorphism on chromosome 3p14.1-14.2 (D3S622) defined by two polymorphic StuI sites 2.4 kb apart. 
  • A Xenopus homologue of aml-1 reveals unexpected patterning mechanisms leading to the formation of embryonic blood. 
  • A candidate gene for congenital bilateral isolated ptosis identified by molecular analysis of a de novo balanced translocation. 
  • A chromosome 19 CA-dinucleotide repeat polymorphism. 
  • A comparative study of asymmetric migration events across a marine biogeographic boundary. 
  • A comparison of a new rapid real-time polymerase chain reaction system to traditional culture in determining group B streptococcus colonization. 
  • A comparison of methods for RNA extraction from lymphocytes for RT-PCR. 
  • A comprehensive survey of polymorphisms conferring anti-malarial resistance in Plasmodium falciparum across Pakistan. 
  • A conserved alternative splice in the von Recklinghausen neurofibromatosis (NF1) gene produces two neurofibromin isoforms, both of which have GTPase-activating protein activity. 
  • A conserved domain of the viviparous-1 gene product enhances the DNA binding activity of the bZIP protein EmBP-1 and other transcription factors. 
  • A cross-sectional survey of Plasmodium falciparum pfcrt mutant haplotypes in the Democratic Republic of Congo. 
  • A cyclin B homolog in S. cerevisiae: chronic activation of the Cdc28 protein kinase by cyclin prevents exit from mitosis. 
  • A dinucleotide repeat polymorphism in the human Na+,K+ ATPase, alpha subunit (ATP1A3) gene. 
  • A distinct pattern of cytokine gene expression by human CD83+ blood dendritic cells. 
  • A fast neutron deletion mutagenesis-based reverse genetics system for plants. 
  • A gene expression signature of confinement in peripheral blood of red wolves (Canis rufus). 
  • A gene therapy strategy using a transcription factor decoy of the E2F binding site inhibits smooth muscle proliferation in vivo. 
  • A genetic linkage map of the laboratory rat, Rattus norvegicus. 
  • A genetic map in the Mimulus guttatus species complex reveals transmission ratio distortion due to heterospecific interactions. 
  • A glucan synthase FKS1 homolog in cryptococcus neoformans is single copy and encodes an essential function. 
  • A high association of oncogenic human papillomaviruses with carcinomas of the female urethra: polymerase chain reaction-based analysis of multiple histological types. 
  • A high-resolution integrated physical, cytogenetic, and genetic map of human chromosome 11: distal p13 to proximal p15.1. 
  • A highly conserved tyrosine residue in G protein-coupled receptors is required for agonist-mediated beta 2-adrenergic receptor sequestration. 
  • A highly polymorphic dinucleotide repeat on the proximal short arm of the human X chromosome: linkage mapping of the synapsin I/A-raf-1 genes. 
  • A human recombinant Fab identifies a human immunodeficiency virus type 1-induced conformational change in cell surface-expressed CD4. 
  • A link between breast cancer and local estrogen biosynthesis suggested by quantification of breast adipose tissue aromatase cytochrome P450 transcripts using competitive polymerase chain reaction after reverse transcription. 
  • A linking function for the cellulose-binding protein SP85 in the spore coat of Dictyostelium discoideum. 
  • A low mutation rate for chloroplast microsatellites. 
  • A male linkage map of the cattle (Bos taurus) genome. 
  • A map of 75 human ribosomal protein genes. 
  • A method for linking VL and VH region genes that allows bulk transfer between vectors for use in generating polyclonal IgG libraries. 
  • A missense mutation in exon 4 of the human adenosine deaminase gene causes severe combined immunodeficiency. 
  • A molecular genetic study of factor XI deficiency. 
  • A multi-locus assessment of connectivity and historical demography in the bluehead wrasse (Thalassoma bifasciatum). 
  • A multimember kinesin gene family in Drosophila. 
  • A new T-cell receptor transgenic model of the CD4+ direct pathway: level of priming determines acute versus chronic rejection. 
  • A nonsense mutation due to a single base insertion in the 3'-coding region of glycogen debranching enzyme gene associated with a severe phenotype in a patient with glycogen storage disease type IIIa. 
  • A novel Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase and a male germ cell-specific calmodulin-binding protein are derived from the same gene. 
  • A novel DRB1*0801 haplotype carrying DRB3*0202 found in a German pedigree. 
  • A novel approach for the analysis of T-cell reconstitution by using a T-cell receptor beta-based oligonucleotide microarray in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. 
  • A novel beta-globin mutation, beta Durham-NC [beta 114 Leu-->Pro], produces a dominant thalassemia-like phenotype. 
  • A novel chromosomal inversion at 11q23 in infant acute myeloid leukemia fuses MLL to CALM, a gene that encodes a clathrin assembly protein. 
  • A novel fibrotic disorder associated with increased dermal fibroblast proliferation and downregulation of genes of the microfibrillar network. 
  • A novel functional polymorphism C1797G in the MDM2 promoter is associated with risk of bladder cancer in a Chinese population. 
  • A novel modifier gene for plasma von Willebrand factor level maps to distal mouse chromosome 11. 
  • A novel mutation in the cystic fibrosis gene in patients with pulmonary disease but normal sweat chloride concentrations. 
  • A novel mutation in the von Hippel-Lindau gene. 
  • A novel mutation of the ACADM gene (c.145C>G) associated with the common c.985A>G mutation on the other ACADM allele causes mild MCAD deficiency: a case report. 
  • A novel species-specific RNA related to alternatively spliced amyloid precursor protein mRNAs. 
  • A past mutation at isoleucine 397 is now a common cause of moderate/mild haemophilia B. 
  • A phase II study of capecitabine, oxaliplatin, bevacizumab and cetuximab in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. 
  • A physical map across chromosome 11q22-q23 containing the major locus for ataxia telangiectasia. 
  • A pilot analytic study of a research-level, lower-cost human papillomavirus 16, 18, and 45 test. 
  • A pilot study of dose-intensified procarbazine, CCNU, vincristine for poor prognosis brain tumors utilizing fibronectin-assisted, retroviral-mediated modification of CD34+ peripheral blood cells with O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase. 
  • A pipeline to determine RT-QPCR control genes for evolutionary studies: application to primate gene expression across multiple tissues. 
  • A polymorphic X-linked tetranucleotide repeat locus displaying a high rate of new mutation: implications for mechanisms of mutation at short tandem repeat loci. 
  • A polymorphism near IL28B is associated with spontaneous clearance of acute hepatitis C virus and jaundice. 
  • A polymorphism of the 5 alpha-reductase gene and its association with prostate cancer: a case-control analysis. 
  • A potential role for interferon-alpha in the pathogenesis of HIV-associated dementia. 
  • A practical molecular assay to predict survival in resected non-squamous, non-small-cell lung cancer: development and international validation studies. 
  • A promoter polymorphism (-77T>C) of DNA repair gene XRCC1 is associated with risk of lung cancer in relation to tobacco smoking. 
  • A quality control program within a clinical trial Consortium for PCR protocols to detect Plasmodium species. 
  • A radiation hybrid map of the distal short arm of human chromosome 11, containing the Beckwith-Wiedemann and associated embryonal tumor disease loci. 
  • A randomized study of combined zidovudine-lamivudine versus didanosine monotherapy in children with symptomatic therapy-naive HIV-1 infection. The Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group Protocol 300 Study Team. 
  • A real-time PCR assay to identify and discriminate among wild-type and vaccine strains of varicella-zoster virus and herpes simplex virus in clinical specimens, and comparison with the clinical diagnoses. 
  • A recessive variant of XRCC4 predisposes to non- BRCA1/2 breast cancer in chinese women and impairs the DNA damage response via dysregulated nuclear localization. 
  • A recombination-based assay demonstrates that the fragile X sequence is transcribed widely during development. 
  • A robust strategy for negative selection of Cre-loxP recombination-based excision of transgenes in induced pluripotent stem cells. 
  • A simple procedure for the analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms facilitates map-based cloning in Arabidopsis. 
  • A single gp120 residue can affect HIV-1 tropism in macaques. 
  • A splice junction mutation in a new myopathic variant of phosphoglycerate kinase deficiency (PGK North Carolina). 
  • A standardized approach to PCR-based semiquantitation of multiple cytokine gene transcripts from small cell samples. 
  • A topical antioxidant solution containing vitamins C and E stabilized by ferulic acid provides protection for human skin against damage caused by ultraviolet irradiation. 
  • A trial of clarithromycin for the treatment of suboptimally controlled asthma. 
  • A triplet repeat polymorphism in a gene expressed in human hypothalamus. 
  • A truncated isoform of c-Mpl with an essential C-terminal peptide targets the full-length receptor for degradation. 
  • A universal molecular method for identifying underground plant parts to species. 
  • A variant of the DNA repair gene XRCC3 and risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: a case-control analysis. 
  • A very large Brazilian pedigree with 11778 Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy. 
  • A yeast cyclophilin gene essential for lactate metabolism at high temperature. 
  • A yeast expression system for human galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase. 
  • A yeast metal resistance protein similar to human cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) and multidrug resistance-associated protein. 
  • A(r)Ray of hope in analysis of the function and diversity of microbial communities. 
  • ACE and ACE2 activity in diabetic mice. 
  • APOE polymorphism is associated with risk of severe sepsis in surgical patients. 
  • ATPase domain of eukaryotic DNA topoisomerase II. Inhibition of ATPase activity by the anti-cancer drug bisdioxopiperazine and ATP/ADP-induced dimerization. 
  • Aberrant promoter methylation of multiple genes in non-small cell lung cancers. 
  • Absence of PTEN germ-line mutations in men with a potential inherited predisposition to prostate cancer. 
  • Absence of a correlation of androgen receptor gene CAG repeat length and prostate cancer risk in an African-American population. 
  • Absence of mitochondrial progesterone receptor polymorphisms in women with spontaneous preterm birth. 
  • Absence of radiation-induced G1 arrest in two closely related human lymphoblast cell lines that differ in p53 status. 
  • Absence of recoverable infectious virus and unique immune responses in an asymptomatic HIV+ long-term survivor. 
  • Absence of the XIST gene from late-replicating isodicentric X chromosomes in leukaemia. 
  • Absent ras gene mutations in human adrenal cortical neoplasms and pheochromocytomas. 
  • Accumulation of hedgehog-responsive progenitors parallels alcoholic liver disease severity in mice and humans. 
  • Accuracy of BRCA1 and BRCA2 founder mutation analysis in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue. 
  • Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-like illness associated with systemic Mycoplasma fermentans infection in a human immunodeficiency virus-negative homosexual man. 
  • Activation of Galpha q-coupled signaling pathways in glomerular podocytes promotes renal injury. 
  • Activation of human B cells by phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides. 
  • Activin expression by cultured human retinal pigment epithelial cells. 
  • Acute vascular rejection and accommodation: divergent outcomes of the humoral response to organ transplantation. 
  • Adenovirus-mediated interleukin-2 production by tumors induces growth of cytotoxic tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes against human renal cell carcinoma. 
  • Adenylyl cyclase functions downstream of the Galpha protein Gpa1 and controls mating and pathogenicity of Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Adrenocorticotropic hormone directly stimulates testosterone production by the fetal and neonatal mouse testis. 
  • Advanced magnetic resonance imaging of cerebral cavernous malformations: part II. Imaging of lesions in murine models. 
  • Advantages of mRNA amplification for microarray analysis. 
  • Aerobic glycolysis suppresses p53 activity to provide selective protection from apoptosis upon loss of growth signals or inhibition of BCR-Abl. 
  • African strains of hepatitis E virus that are distinct from Asian strains. 
  • African-derived genetic polymorphisms in TNFAIP3 mediate risk for autoimmunity. 
  • Age distribution of latent herpes simplex virus 1 and varicella-zoster virus genome in human nervous tissue. 
  • Age-dependent retinal iron accumulation and degeneration in hepcidin knockout mice. 
  • Age-related changes of the 3'APOB-VNTR genotype pool in ageing cohorts. 
  • Aggressive fibromatosis (desmoid tumor) is a monoclonal disorder. 
  • Aging and reactivation of latent murine cytomegalovirus. 
  • Allele loss on chromosome 1p36 in epithelial ovarian cancers. 
  • Allelic diversity and gene genealogy at the self-incompatibility locus in the Solanaceae. 
  • Allelic loss at the tuberous sclerosis 2 locus in spontaneous tumors in the Eker rat. 
  • Allogeneic microchimerism and donor antigen-specific hyporeactivity in lung transplant recipients. 
  • Alterations of the TP53 gene in human gliomas. 
  • Alternative ion channel splicing in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy and Alzheimer's disease. 
  • Alternative processing of androgen-binding protein RNA transcripts in fetal rat liver. Identification of a transcript formed by trans splicing. 
  • Alternative splicing of the GABA(A) receptor alpha 4 subunit creates a severely truncated mRNA. 
  • Alternative splicing: a mechanism for phenotypic rescue of a common inherited defect. 
  • Alu-PCR fingerprinting of YACs. 
  • Amendment to Clinical Research Project. Project 90-C-195. April 1, 1993. Treatment of severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID) due to adenosine deaminase deficiency with autologous lymphocytes transduced with a human ADA gene. 
  • Amplification and cloning of near full-length HIV-2 genomes. 
  • Amplification of HIV-1 provirus from cerebrospinal fluid and its correlation with neurologic disease. 
  • Amplification of bacterial 16S ribosomal DNA with polymerase chain reaction. 
  • Amplification of human immunodeficiency virus provirus from cerebrospinal fluid: results of long-term clinical follow-up. 
  • Amplification with arbitrary primers. 
  • An Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type VIA patient with cystic malformations of the meninges. 
  • An FGF-WNT gene regulatory network controls lung mesenchyme development. 
  • An NAD(P)H oxidase regulates growth and transcription in melanoma cells. 
  • An STS-based map of the human genome. 
  • An Unusual Cause of Fever and Headache in a School-Aged Male. 
  • An Xp; Yq translocation causing a novel contiguous gene syndrome in brothers with generalized epilepsy, ichthyosis, and attention deficits. 
  • An analysis of alternatively spliced CD45 mRNA transcripts during T cell maturation in humans. 
  • An approach to analysis of large-scale correlations between genome changes and clinical endpoints in ovarian cancer. 
  • An evaluation of the draft human genome sequence. 
  • An imaging-based approach to identify ligands for olfactory receptors. 
  • An improved nucleic acid extraction method from dried blood spots for amplification of Plasmodium falciparum kelch13 for detection of artemisinin resistance. 
  • An improved protocol for the analysis of SOD1 gene mutations, and a new mutation in exon 4. 
  • An intronic poly (AT) polymorphism of the DNA repair gene XPC and risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: a case-control study. 
  • An intronic splicing silencer causes skipping of the IIIb exon of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 through involvement of polypyrimidine tract binding protein. 
  • An obligately photosynthetic bacterial anaerobe from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent. 
  • An oligonucleotide decoy for transcription factor E2F inhibits mesangial cell proliferation in vitro. 
  • Analysis of DNA damage and repair in nuclear and mitochondrial DNA of animal cells using quantitative PCR. 
  • Analysis of European mitochondrial haplogroups with Alzheimer disease risk. 
  • Analysis of SCARECROW expression using a rapid system for assessing transgene expression in Arabidopsis roots. 
  • Analysis of association at single nucleotide polymorphisms in the APOE region. 
  • Analysis of the D1S80 (pMCT118) VNTR locus polymorphism in a native Kuwaiti population by the polymerase chain reaction. 
  • Analysis of the Stargardt disease gene (ABCR) in age-related macular degeneration. 
  • Analysis of the T-cell receptor beta-chain variable-region (V beta) repertoire in monozygotic twins discordant for human immunodeficiency virus: evidence for perturbations of specific V beta segments in CD4+ T cells of the virus-positive twins. 
  • Analysis of the genotype and virulence of Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates from patients with infective endocarditis. 
  • Analysis of the indel at the ARMS2 3'UTR in age-related macular degeneration. 
  • Analysis of trans activation by human papillomavirus type 16 E7 and adenovirus 12S E1A suggests a common mechanism. 
  • Analytic lymph node number establishes staging accuracy by occult tumor burden in colorectal cancer. 
  • Analytical validation of a practical molecular assay prognostic of survival in nonsquamous non-small cell lung cancer. 
  • Ancient DNA from giant extinct lemurs confirms single origin of Malagasy primates. 
  • Androgen receptor mutations in androgen-independent prostate cancer: Cancer and Leukemia Group B Study 9663. 
  • Angiotensin converting enzyme and genetic hypertension: cloning of rat cDNAs and characterization of the enzyme. 
  • Animal model for maturity-onset diabetes of the young generated by disruption of the mouse glucokinase gene. 
  • Apolipoprotein E gene polymorphisms are not associated with diabetic retinopathy: the atherosclerosis risk in communities study. 
  • Apolipoprotein E4 polymorphism as a genetic predisposition to delirium in critically ill patients. 
  • Application of SNPs in forensic casework: identification of pathological and autoptical specimens due to sample mix-up. 
  • Aquaporin expression and freeze tolerance in Candida albicans. 
  • Aquaporin-4 is increased in the sclerotic hippocampus in human temporal lobe epilepsy. 
  • Armadillo coactivates transcription driven by the product of the Drosophila segment polarity gene dTCF. 
  • Aspergillus DNA contamination in blood collection tubes. 
  • Assessing the safety and efficacy of a test-based, targeted donor screening strategy to minimize transfusion transmitted malaria. 
  • Assessment of a quantitative multiplex 5' nuclease real-time PCR for spotted fever and typhus group rickettsioses and Orientia tsutsugamushi. 
  • Assessment of genetic relatedness of vaginal isolates of Candida albicans from different geographical origins. 
  • Assessment of soil microbial community structure by use of taxon-specific quantitative PCR assays. 
  • Assessment of the COBAS Amplicor HBV Monitor Test for quantitation of serum hepatitis B virus DNA levels. 
  • Assignment of human erythroid delta-aminolevulinate synthase (ALAS2) to a distal subregion of band Xp11.21 by PCR analysis of somatic cell hybrids containing X; autosome translocations. 
  • Assignment of human transforming growth factor-beta type I and type III receptor genes (TGFBR1 and TGFBR3) to 9q33-q34 and 1p32-p33, respectively. 
  • Assignment of persephin (PSPN), a human neurotrophic factor, to chromosome 19p13.3 by radiation hybrid mapping and somatic cell hybrid PCR. 
  • Assignment of the creatine transporter gene (SLC6A8) to human chromosome Xq28 telomeric to G6PD. 
  • Association between cytotoxic and invasive Pseudomonas aeruginosa and clinical outcomes in bacterial keratitis. 
  • Association between genetic variation at the porphobilinogen deaminase gene and schizophrenia. 
  • Association between glutathione S-transferase p1 polymorphisms and lung cancer risk in Caucasians: a case-control study. 
  • Association between ratio of matrix metalloproteinase-1 to tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 and local recurrence, metastasis, and survival in human chondrosarcoma. 
  • Association between the V109G polymorphism of the p27 gene and the risk and progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma. 
  • Association of IL-1β -511 polymorphism with severe veno-occlusive disease in pediatric-matched allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. 
  • Association of a functional CD19 polymorphism with susceptibility to systemic sclerosis. 
  • Association study of Parkin gene polymorphisms with idiopathic Parkinson disease. 
  • Associations between the genotypes of Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream isolates and clinical characteristics and outcomes of bacteremic patients. 
  • Atomic distance estimates from disulfides and high-affinity metal-binding sites in a K+ channel pore. 
  • Atypical features of familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. 
  • Autism genome-wide copy number variation reveals ubiquitin and neuronal genes. 
  • Autophagy is essential for mitochondrial clearance in mature T lymphocytes. 
  • Autosomal-dominant retinitis pigmentosa associated with an Arg-135-Trp point mutation of the rhodopsin gene. Clinical features and longitudinal observations. 
  • B cells in epithelial and perivascular compartments of human adult thymus. 
  • BCL2 translocation defines a unique tumor subset within the germinal center B-cell-like diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. 
  • BEAMing: single-molecule PCR on microparticles in water-in-oil emulsions. 
  • BRCA1 maps proximal to D17S579 on chromosome 17q21 by genetic analysis. 
  • Bacterial genetics by flow cytometry: rapid isolation of Salmonella typhimurium acid-inducible promoters by differential fluorescence induction. 
  • Bad Nature, Bad Nurture, and Testimony Regarding MAOA and SLC6A4 Genotyping in Murder Trials 
  • Bartonella clarridgeiae, a newly recognized zoonotic pathogen causing inoculation papules, fever, and lymphadenopathy (cat scratch disease). 
  • Bartonella henselae: etiology of pulmonary nodules in a patient with depressed cell-mediated immunity. 
  • Bartonella species in blood of immunocompetent persons with animal and arthropod contact. 
  • Bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii subsp. nov., isolated from dogs; Bartonella vinsonii subsp. vinsonii; and emended description of Bartonella vinsonii. 
  • Basal LAT-diacylglycerol-RasGRP1 signals in T cells maintain TCRα gene expression. 
  • Bcl10 is not a target for frequent mutation in human carcinomas. 
  • Beta-adrenergic receptor sequestration. A potential mechanism of receptor resensitization. 
  • Biochemical analysis of cultured chorionic villi for the prenatal diagnosis of peroxisomal disorders: biochemical thresholds and molecular sensitivity for maternal cell contamination detection. 
  • Biphasic malignant meningioma: a comparative genomic hybridization study. 
  • Bisulfite pyrosequencing. 
  • Bisulfite sequencing of cloned alleles. 
  • Bocavirus episome in infected human tissue contains non-identical termini. 
  • Bombesin and [Leu8]phyllolitorin promote fetal mouse lung branching morphogenesis via a receptor-mediated mechanism. 
  • Bone morphogenetic protein 8A plays a role in the maintenance of spermatogenesis and the integrity of the epididymis. 
  • Bone morphogenetic protein signaling by hemojuvelin regulates hepcidin expression. 
  • Boosting of HIV envelope CD4 binding site antibodies with long variable heavy third complementarity determining region in the randomized double blind RV305 HIV-1 vaccine trial. 
  • Both BRAF V600E mutation and older age (≥ 65 years) are associated with recurrent papillary thyroid cancer. 
  • Brief embryonic strychnine exposure in zebrafish causes long-term adult behavioral impairment with indications of embryonic synaptic changes. 
  • Brief report: lymphoma of donor origin occurring in the porta hepatis of a transplanted liver. 
  • Bronchoalveolar lavage and lung biopsy in patients with cancer and hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation recipients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 
  • Burn Injury Alters Epidermal Cholinergic Mediators and Increases HMGB1 and Caspase 3 in Autologous Donor Skin and Burn Margin. 
  • CCDC62/ERAP75 functions as a coactivator to enhance estrogen receptor beta-mediated transactivation and target gene expression in prostate cancer cells. 
  • CD14-dependent mechanism for endotoxin-mediated nitric oxide synthesis in murine macrophages. 
  • CD40 ligand (CD154) triggers a short-term CD4(+) T cell activation response that results in secretion of immunomodulatory cytokines and apoptosis. 
  • CD57(+) CD4 T Cells Underlie Belatacept-Resistant Allograft Rejection. 
  • CDKN1C (p57) is a direct target of EZH2 and suppressed by multiple epigenetic mechanisms in breast cancer cells. 
  • CDKN2A promoter methylation in gastric adenocarcinomas: clinical variables. 
  • CSF, plasma viral load and HIV associated dementia. 
  • CYP1B1, MYOC, and LTBP2 mutations in primary congenital glaucoma patients in the United States. 
  • Calcineurin mutants render T lymphocytes resistant to cyclosporin A. 
  • Capsulation loci of non-serotype b encapsulated Haemophilus influenzae. 
  • Carcinogenicity of a nephrotoxic metabolite of the "nongenotoxic" carcinogen hydroquinone. 
  • Cardiac hypertrophy and sudden death in mice with a genetically clamped renin transgene. 
  • Cell binding specificity of mouse R-cadherin and chromosomal mapping of the gene. 
  • Changes in thymic function with age and during the treatment of HIV infection. 
  • Characterization and Adaptation of Anaerobic Sludge Microbial Communities Exposed to Tetrabromobisphenol A. 
  • Characterization of Langerin-expressing dendritic cell subsets in the normal cornea. 
  • Characterization of a partial cDNA for lysyl hydroxylase from human skin fibroblasts; lysyl hydroxylase mRNAs are regulated differently by minoxidil derivatives and hydralazine. 
  • Characterization of a protein cofactor that mediates protein kinase A regulation of the renal brush border membrane Na(+)-H+ exchanger. 
  • Characterization of an iron-sulfur cluster assembly protein (ISU1) from Schizosaccharomyces pombe. 
  • Characterization of avian influenza viruses A (H5N1) from wild birds, Hong Kong, 2004-2008. 
  • Characterization of cDNA encoding mouse DNA repair protein O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase and high-level expression of the wild-type and mutant proteins in Escherichia coli. 
  • Characterization of gene expression in human trabecular meshwork using single-pass sequencing of 1060 clones. 
  • Characterization of the MFalpha pheromone of the human fungal pathogen cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Characterization of the Transmitted Virus in an Ongoing HIV-1 Epidemic Driven by Injecting Drug Use. 
  • Characterization of the hyperpolarization-activated chloride current in dissociated rat sympathetic neurons. 
  • Characterization of the recalcitrant CYP1 phenotype found in Atlantic killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) inhabiting a Superfund site on the Elizabeth River, VA. 
  • Characterization of the transmembrane orientation of aquaporin-1 using antibodies to recombinant fusion proteins. 
  • Chlamydia pneumoniae and acute chest syndrome in patients with sickle cell disease. 
  • Chordoid glioma: a case report and molecular characterization of five cases. 
  • Chromium(VI) treatment of normal human lung cells results in guanine-specific DNA polymerase arrest, DNA-DNA cross-links and S-phase blockade of cell cycle. 
  • Chromosomal basis of X chromosome inactivation: identification of a multigene domain in Xp11.21-p11.22 that escapes X inactivation. 
  • Chromosomal domains and escape from X inactivation: comparative X inactivation analysis in mouse and human. 
  • Chromosomal localization of human glutamate receptor genes. 
  • Chromosome engineering: generation of mono- and dicentric isochromosomes in a somatic cell hybrid system. 
  • Chromosome-specific alpha-satellite DNA from the centromere of chimpanzee chromosome 4. 
  • Circular polymerase extension cloning of complex gene libraries and pathways. 
  • Circular polymerase extension cloning. 
  • Circular transcripts of the testis-determining gene Sry in adult mouse testis. 
  • Circulating donor antigen and response to donor antigen as predictors of long-term lung and kidney transplant success. 
  • Clarifying the role of ATOH7 in glaucoma endophenotypes. 
  • Class-level relationships in the phylum Cnidaria: evidence from mitochondrial genome structure. 
  • Clearance of HHV-8 from peripheral blood mononuclear cells with a protease inhibitor. 
  • Clinical and functional findings in choroideremia due to complete deletion of the CHM gene. 
  • Clinical and imaging findings suggesting human herpesvirus 6 encephalitis. 
  • Clinical experience of serious infections caused by Enterobacteriaceae producing VIM-1 metallo-beta-lactamase in a Greek University Hospital. 
  • Clinical phenotype and linkage analysis of the congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles in an Indian family. 
  • Clinical problem-solving. Index of suspicion. 
  • Clinical relevance of mixed respiratory viral infections in adults with influenza A H1N1. 
  • Clinical relevance of mutations in the precore genome of the hepatitis B virus. 
  • Clinical significance of bcr-abl gene rearrangement detected by polymerase chain reaction after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in chronic myelogenous leukemia. 
  • Clinical usefulness of detecting growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in positive Bactec phials using PCR. 
  • Clinical utility of cytomegalovirus viral load testing for predicting CMV disease in D+/R- solid organ transplant recipients. 
  • Clinicopathologic and molecular profiles of microsatellite unstable Barrett Esophagus-associated adenocarcinoma. 
  • Clonal and spontaneous origins of fluconazole resistance in Candida albicans. 
  • Clonal expansion and decreased occurrence of peripheral blood gamma delta T cells of the V delta 2J delta 3 lineage in multiple sclerosis patients. 
  • Cloning and characterization of glioma BK, a novel BK channel isoform highly expressed in human glioma cells. 
  • Cloning and characterization of two yeast genes encoding members of the CCCH class of zinc finger proteins: zinc finger-mediated impairment of cell growth. 
  • Cloning and expression of a functional serotonin transporter from rat brain. 
  • Cloning and expression of a novel Na(+)-dependent neutral amino acid transporter structurally related to mammalian Na+/glutamate cotransporters. 
  • Cloning and functional characterization of a cocaine-sensitive dopamine transporter. 
  • Cloning and sequence analysis of the human beta 1-adrenergic receptor 5'-flanking promoter region. 
  • Cloning and sequencing of V genes from anti-osteosarcoma monoclonal antibodies TP-1 and TP-3: location of lysine residues and implications for radiolabeling. 
  • Cloning of a cDNA encoding bovine erythropoietin and analysis of its transcription in selected tissues. 
  • Cloning of a novel alpha 1-subunit of the voltage-dependent calcium channel from the beta-cell. 
  • Cloning of cDNA and analysis of the gene for mouse angiotensin II type 2 receptor. 
  • Cloning, heterologous expression, and chromosomal localization of human inositol polyphosphate 1-phosphatase. 
  • Cloning, molecular characterization, and chromosomal assignment of a gene encoding a second D1 dopamine receptor subtype: differential expression pattern in rat brain compared with the D1A receptor. 
  • Clostridium difficile cure with fecal microbiota transplantation in a child with Pompe disease: a case report. 
  • Cobalamin inhibition of HIV-1 integrase and integration of HIV-1 DNA into cellular DNA. 
  • Coexistence of macular corneal dystrophy types I and II in a single sibship. 
  • Collagenase 1 and collagenase 3 expression in a guinea pig model of osteoarthritis. 
  • Combinatorial codon scrambling enables scalable gene synthesis and amplification of repetitive proteins. 
  • Common variation in Nemo-like kinase is associated with risk of ovarian cancer. 
  • Community pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine use and prevalence of resistant Plasmodium falciparum genotypes in Mali: a model for deterring resistance. 
  • Comparative analysis of the primate X-inactivation center region and reconstruction of the ancestral primate XIST locus. 
  • Comparative evolutionary analysis of chalcone synthase and alcohol dehydrogenase loci in Arabidopsis, Arabis, and related genera (Brassicaceae). 
  • Comparative genomic hybridization studies in hydatidiform moles and choriocarcinoma: amplification of 7q21-q31 and loss of 8p12-p21 in choriocarcinoma. 
  • Comparative value of tumour grade, hormonal receptors, Ki-67, HER-2 and topoisomerase II alpha status as predictive markers in breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant anthracycline-based chemotherapy. 
  • Comparison of PCR, culture, and histopathology for diagnosis of tuberculous pericarditis. 
  • Comparison of conventional and integrated fixed-film activated sludge systems: attached- and suspended-growth functions and quantitative polymerase chain reaction measurements. 
  • Comparison of cytomegalovirus polymerase chain reaction and serology for screening umbilical cord blood components. 
  • Comparison of human immunodeficiency virus 1 DNA polymerase chain reaction and qualitative and quantitative RNA polymerase chain reaction in human immunodeficiency virus 1-exposed infants. 
  • Comparison of methods based on different molecular epidemiological markers for typing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex strains: interlaboratory study of discriminatory power and reproducibility. 
  • Comparison of real-time PCR and microscopy for malaria parasite detection in Malawian pregnant women. 
  • Comparison of results of fluconazole disk diffusion testing for Candida species with results from a central reference laboratory in the ARTEMIS global antifungal surveillance program. 
  • Comparison of the Digene Hybrid Capture System Cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA (version 2.0), Roche CMV UL54 analyte-specific reagent, and QIAGEN RealArt CMV LightCycler PCR reagent tests using AcroMetrix OptiQuant CMV DNA quantification panels and specimens from allogeneic-stem-cell transplant recipients. 
  • Comparison of use of phenotypic and genotypic characteristics for identification of species of the anamorph genus Candida and related teleomorph yeast species. 
  • Competing risk events in antimalarial drug trials in uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria: a WorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network individual participant data meta-analysis. 
  • Complete deletion of the androgen receptor gene: definition of the null phenotype of the androgen insensitivity syndrome and determination of carrier status. 
  • Complex environmental drivers of immunity and resistance in malaria mosquitoes. 
  • Comprehensive analysis of chromosome 1p deletions in neuroblastoma. 
  • Concessions of an alpha male? Cooperative defence and shared reproduction in multi-male primate groups. 
  • Confirmation of TBK1 duplication in normal tension glaucoma. 
  • Conserved sequence and structural elements in the HIV-1 principal neutralizing determinant: further clarifications. 
  • Consistent deregulation of gene expression between human and murine MLL rearrangement leukemias. 
  • Consistent production of transgenic chickens using replication-deficient retroviral vectors and high-throughput screening procedures. 
  • Constitutive and inducible nitric oxide synthase gene expression, regulation, and activity in human lung epithelial cells. 
  • Constitutively active mutants of the alpha 2-adrenergic receptor. 
  • Construction of T-vectors, a rapid and general system for direct cloning of unmodified PCR products. 
  • Context-dependent activation kinetics elicited by soluble versus outer membrane vesicle-associated heat-labile enterotoxin. 
  • Continuing observations on the regulatory effects of donor-specific bone marrow cell infusions and chimerism in kidney transplant recipients. 
  • Contribution of hedgehog signaling to the establishment of left-right asymmetry in the sea urchin. 
  • Controlled release of simvastatin from in situ forming hydrogel triggers bone formation in MC3T3-E1 cells. 
  • Correct splicing despite mutation of the invariant first nucleotide of a 5' splice site: a possible basis for disparate clinical phenotypes in siblings with adenosine deaminase deficiency. 
  • CpG island tumor suppressor promoter methylation in non-BRCA-associated early mammary carcinogenesis. 
  • Cre-mediated transgene activation in the developing and adult mouse brain. 
  • Cryptococcus gattii VGIII isolates causing infections in HIV/AIDS patients in Southern California: identification of the local environmental source as arboreal. 
  • Cryptococcus neoformans mitochondrial superoxide dismutase: an essential link between antioxidant function and high-temperature growth. 
  • Cryptococcus neoformans shows a remarkable genotypic diversity in Brazil. 
  • Crystal-storing histiocytosis: a clinicopathological study of 13 cases. 
  • Cultured porcine trabecular meshwork cells display altered lysosomal function when subjected to chronic oxidative stress. 
  • Cutaneous acquired toxoplasmosis in a child: a case report and review of the literature. 
  • Cyanobacterial ribosomal RNA genes with multiple, endonuclease-encoding group I introns. 
  • Cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunits have divergent roles in virulence factor production in two varieties of the fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Cyclin-B homologs in Saccharomyces cerevisiae function in S phase and in G2. 
  • Cytochrome P450IIIA activity and cytokine-mediated synthesis of nitric oxide. 
  • Cytogenetic and molecular analysis of inv dup(15) chromosomes observed in two patients with autistic disorder and mental retardation. 
  • Cytokine expression by models of human trophoblast as assessed by a semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction technique. 
  • Cytokine mRNA expression in postischemic/reperfused myocardium. 
  • Cytokine production at the site of disease in human tuberculosis. 
  • Cytokines in murine lyme carditis: Th1 cytokine expression follows expression of proinflammatory cytokines in a susceptible mouse strain. 
  • Cytomegalovirus retinitis associated with Hodgkin's disease. 
  • Cytomegalovirus: occurrence, severity, and effect on graft survival in simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation. 
  • D2 dopamine receptors in the human retina: cloning of cDNA and localization of mRNA. 
  • DNA damage in peripheral blood mononuclear cells correlates with response to biochemotherapy in melanoma. 
  • DNA global hypomethylation in squamous cell head and neck cancer associated with smoking, alcohol consumption and stage. 
  • DNA polymorphisms generated by arbitrarily primed PCR in rice. 
  • DNA typing for HLA-A and HLA-B identifies disparities between patients and unrelated donors matched by HLA-A and HLA-B serology and HLA-DRB1. 
  • DNA- and PCR-fingerprinting in fungi. 
  • DNMT3b polymorphism and hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer age of onset. 
  • Debrisoquine hydroxylase (CYP2D6) and prostate cancer. 
  • Decline of nucleotide excision repair capacity in aging Caenorhabditis elegans. 
  • Decreased trkA neurotrophin receptor expression in the parietal cortex of patients with Alzheimer's disease. 
  • Defective IL7R expression in T(-)B(+)NK(+) severe combined immunodeficiency. 
  • Defining the contribution of CNTNAP2 to autism susceptibility. 
  • Degradation of nuclease-stabilized RNA oligonucleotides in Mycoplasma-contaminated cell culture media. 
  • Deletion and site-directed mutagenesis of the ATP-binding motif (P-loop) in the bifunctional murine ATP-sulfurylase/adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate kinase enzyme. 
  • Deletion of CFHR3 and CFHR1 genes in age-related macular degeneration. 
  • Deletion of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 inhibitor genes P15 and P16 in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. 
  • Delimiting species without nuclear monophyly in Madagascar's mouse lemurs. 
  • Demonstration that mutation of the type II transforming growth factor beta receptor inactivates its tumor suppressor activity in replication error-positive colon carcinoma cells. 
  • Derivation of a biologically contained replication system for human immunodeficiency virus type 1. 
  • Design and implementation of high-throughput RNAi screens in cultured Drosophila cells. 
  • Detailed analysis of gene expression during development of T cell lineages in the thymus. 
  • Detecting colorectal cancer in stool with the use of multiple genetic targets. 
  • Detection and diagnosis of herpes simplex virus infection in adults with acute liver failure. 
  • Detection and localization of surgically resectable cancers with a multi-analyte blood test. 
  • Detection by polymerase chain reaction of residual cells with the bcl-2 translocation is associated with increased risk of relapse after autologous bone marrow transplantation for B-cell lymphoma. 
  • Detection of APC mutations in fecal DNA from patients with colorectal tumors. 
  • Detection of BK polyomavirus after kidney transplantation: a comparison of urine electron microscopy with plasma polymerase chain reaction. 
  • Detection of Bartonella species in the blood of veterinarians and veterinary technicians: a newly recognized occupational hazard? 
  • Detection of DNA damage in transcriptionally active genes by RT-PCR and assessment of repair of cisplatin-induced damage in the glutathione S-transferase-pi gene in human glioblastoma cells. 
  • Detection of Epstein-Barr virus in transformations of low-grade B-cell lymphomas after fludarabine treatment. 
  • Detection of HIV-2 by PCR. 
  • Detection of Helicobacter pylori gastritis by PCR: correlation with inflammation scores and immunohistochemical and CLOtest findings. 
  • Detection of RAS mutations in archival testicular germ cell tumors by polymerase chain reaction and oligonucleotide hybridization. 
  • Detection of a novel astrovirus from a black-naped monarch (Hypothymis azurea) in Cambodia. 
  • Detection of allelic variations of human gene expression by polymerase colonies. 
  • Detection of culture-resistant bacterial pathogens by amplification and sequencing of ribosomal DNA. 
  • Detection of frequent allelic loss on proximal chromosome 17q in sporadic breast carcinoma using microsatellite length polymorphisms. 
  • Detection of human papillomavirus in the prostate by polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization. 
  • Detection of immunoglobulin kappa light chain rearrangements by polymerase chain reaction. An improved method for detecting clonal B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders. 
  • Detection of minor drug-resistant populations by parallel allele-specific sequencing. 
  • Detection of mouse cytomegalovirus nucleic acid in latently infected mice by in vitro enzymatic amplification. 
  • Detection of phylogenetically diverse human immunodeficiency virus type 1 groups M and O from plasma by using highly sensitive and specific generic primers. 
  • Detection of the JAK2 V617F mutation by LightCycler PCR and probe dissociation analysis. 
  • Determination of aromatase cytochrome P450 messenger ribonucleic acid in human breast tissue by competitive polymerase chain reaction amplification. 
  • Determination of estrogen receptor messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and cytochrome P450 aromatase mRNA levels in adipocytes and adipose stromal cells by competitive polymerase chain reaction amplification. 
  • Development and application of a phylogenomic toolkit: resolving the evolutionary history of Madagascar's lemurs. 
  • Development of a multiplex PCR assay for the simultaneous detection and discrimination of HIV-1, HIV-2, HTLV-I and HTLV-II. 
  • Development of a novel quadruple auxotrophic host transformation system by argB gene disruption using adeA gene and exploiting adenine auxotrophy in Aspergillus oryzae. 
  • Development of an in vitro model to study carcinogen-induced neoplastic progression of initiated mouse epidermal cells. 
  • Developmental changes in the extent of RNA editing of glutamate receptor subunit GluR5 in rat brain. 
  • Developmental changes of RNA editing of glutamate receptor subunits GluR5 and GluR6: in vivo versus in vitro. 
  • Developmental regulation of VDJ recombination by the core fragment of the T cell receptor alpha enhancer. 
  • Developmental regulation of the gibberellin biosynthetic gene GA1 in Arabidopsis thaliana. 
  • Developmental toxicity and DNA damage from exposure to parking lot runoff retention pond samples in the Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes). 
  • Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute Retinal Necrosis: A Report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology. 
  • Diagnosis of fungal infection: new technologies for the mycology laboratory. 
  • Diagnosis of human congenital cytomegalovirus infection by amplification of viral DNA from dried blood spots on perinatal cards. 
  • Diagnosis of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 2A by immunohistochemical techniques. 
  • Diagnosis of placental malaria in poorly fixed and processed placental tissue. 
  • Diagnostic potential of prostate-specific antigen expressing epithelial cells in blood of prostate cancer patients. 
  • Diagnostic vitrectomy in the management of ocular disease. 
  • Diagnostic yield of vitrectomy in eyes with suspected posterior segment infection or malignancy. 
  • Dideoxy fingerprinting assay for BRCA1 mutation analysis. 
  • Differences in intraepithelial lymphocyte T cell subsets isolated from murine small versus large intestine. 
  • Different kinetics of HBV and HCV during haemodialysis and absence of seronegative viral hepatitis in patients with end-stage renal disease. 
  • Different methods of sample preparation influence sensitivity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Borrelia burgdorferi PCR. 
  • Different spectra of genomic deletions within the CCM genes between Italian and American CCM patient cohorts. 
  • Differential Expression of Coding and Long Noncoding RNAs in Keratoconus-Affected Corneas. 
  • Differential collagen I gene expression in fetal fibroblasts. 
  • Differential display RT-PCR for identifying novel gene expression in the lung. 
  • Differential effects of prostaglandin E2-sensitive receptors on contractility of human ocular cells that regulate conventional outflow. 
  • Differential effects of vitamin d receptor agonists on gene expression in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. 
  • Differential expression of alternatively spliced pX mRNAs in HTLV-I-infected cell lines. 
  • Differential functions for the transcription factor E2A in positive and negative gene regulation in pre-B lymphocytes. 
  • Differential gene expression in mouse sclera during ocular development. 
  • Differential gene expression patterns in HER2/neu-positive and -negative breast cancer cell lines and tissues. 
  • Differential induction of 3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate synthase genes in Arabidopsis thaliana by wounding and pathogenic attack. 
  • Differential induction of mRNAs for the glycolytic and ethanolic fermentative pathways by hypoxia and anoxia in maize seedlings. 
  • Differential messenger ribonucleic acid expression in aggressive versus linear periprosthetic osteolysis. 
  • Differential regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase gene expression by ethanol in the human intestinal epithelial cell line DLD-1. 
  • Differential requirement for STAT by gain-of-function and wild-type receptor tyrosine kinase Torso in Drosophila. 
  • Differentially methylated regions of imprinted genes in prenatal, perinatal and postnatal human tissues. 
  • Differentiation of lobular versus ductal breast carcinomas by expression microarray analysis. 
  • Differentiation of strains in Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex by DNA sequence polymorphisms, including rapid identification of M. bovis BCG. 
  • Differing molecular pathology of pancreatic adenocarcinoma in Egyptian and United States patients. 
  • Digital image analysis for rapid quantification of total RNA and cDNA for SMART-PCR. 
  • Diminished capacity for p53 in mediating a radiation-induced G1 arrest in established human tumor cell lines. 
  • Dinucleotide repeat polymorphism at the human gene for the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). 
  • Dinucleotide repeat polymorphisms in the VHL region of human chromosome 3p25. 
  • Dinucleotide repeats flanking the renal carcinoma breakpoint at 3p14.2. 
  • Direct PCR sequencing with boronated nucleotides. 
  • Direct assessment of articular cartilage and underlying subchondral bone reveals a progressive gene expression change in human osteoarthritic knees. 
  • Directed evolution of a pyruvate aldolase to recognize a long chain acyl substrate. 
  • Directed evolution of subtilisin E in Bacillus subtilis to enhance total activity in aqueous dimethylformamide. 
  • Discrete amino acid sequences of the alpha 1-adrenergic receptor determine the selectivity of coupling to phosphatidylinositol hydrolysis. 
  • Discrimination of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains by PCR. 
  • Disease-causing mutations in exon 11 of the medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase gene. 
  • Disentangling the Collema-Leptogium complex through a molecular phylogenetic study of the Collemataceae (Peltigerales, lichen-forming Ascomycota). 
  • Disruption of Gen1 Causes Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urinary Tract in Mice. 
  • Dissemination of an Enterococcus Inc18-Like vanA plasmid associated with vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. 
  • Distal nephron renal tumors: microsatellite allelotype. 
  • Distribution and molecular characteristics of rickettsiae found in ticks across Central Mongolia. 
  • Distribution of WDR36 DNA sequence variants in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. 
  • Distribution of binding sites for thromboxane A2 in the mouse kidney. 
  • Distribution of optineurin sequence variations in an ethnically diverse population of low-tension glaucoma patients from the United States. 
  • Divergent pathways mediate the induction of ANF transgenes in neonatal and hypertrophic ventricular myocardium. 
  • Diversification of Ig superfamily genes in an invertebrate. 
  • Diversity and detection of nitrate assimilation genes in marine bacteria. 
  • Diversity and phylogenetic affinities of foliar fungal endophytes in loblolly pine inferred by culturing and environmental PCR. 
  • Does HLA-dependent chimerism underlie the pathogenesis of juvenile dermatomyositis? 
  • Donor polymorphisms in Toll-like receptor-4 influence the development of rejection after renal transplantation. 
  • Double mutant fibrillin-1 (FBN1) allele in a patient with neonatal Marfan syndrome. 
  • Down syndrome childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia has a unique spectrum of sentinel cytogenetic lesions that influences treatment outcome: a report from the Children's Oncology Group. 
  • Down-regulation of parkin protein in transient focal cerebral ischemia: A link between stroke and degenerative disease? 
  • Dr(a-) polymorphism of decay accelerating factor. Biochemical, functional, and molecular characterization and production of allele-specific transfectants. 
  • Dual action of TGF-beta1 on nasal-polyp derived fibroblasts. 
  • Dual infection with Ehrlichia chaffeensis and a spotted fever group rickettsia: a case report. 
  • Dynamics and elasticity of the fibronectin matrix in living cell culture visualized by fibronectin-green fluorescent protein. 
  • Dysbindin gene (DTNBP1) and schizophrenia in Korean population. 
  • EBV BART MicroRNAs Target Multiple Pro-apoptotic Cellular Genes to Promote Epithelial Cell Survival. 
  • ENU mutagenesis identifies mice with cardiac fibrosis and hepatic steatosis caused by a mutation in the mitochondrial trifunctional protein beta-subunit. 
  • ENaC- and CFTR-dependent ion and fluid transport in mammary epithelia. 
  • ERAAP synergizes with MHC class I molecules to make the final cut in the antigenic peptide precursors in the endoplasmic reticulum. 
  • ESR1 promoter hypermethylation does not predict atypia in RPFNA nor persistent atypia after 12 months tamoxifen chemoprevention. 
  • Early onset prostate cancer has a significant genetic component. 
  • Editor's Highlight: Base Excision Repair Variants and Pesticide Exposure Increase Parkinson's Disease Risk. 
  • Effect of anti-V3 antibodies on cell-free and cell-to-cell human immunodeficiency virus transmission. 
  • Effect of type 1 transforming growth factor-beta on the level of aromatase cytochrome P-450 in human fetal hepatocytes. 
  • Effects of MDM2 promoter polymorphisms and p53 codon 72 polymorphism on risk and age at onset of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. 
  • Effects of Pubertal Exposure to Dietary Soy on Estrogen Receptor Activity in the Breast of Cynomolgus Macaques. 
  • Effects of age and parasitemia on nitric oxide production/leukocyte nitric oxide synthase type 2 expression in asymptomatic, malaria-exposed children. 
  • Effects of diethylstilbestrol on rat granulosa cell and thecal/interstitial cell transforming growth factor-beta 2 mRNA expression in vivo: analysis by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. 
  • Effects of premature termination codon polymorphisms in the Drosophila pseudoobscura subclade. 
  • Effects of spaceflight on murine skeletal muscle gene expression. 
  • Efficient and specific repair of sickle beta-globin RNA by trans-splicing ribozymes. 
  • Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type VI results from a nonsense mutation and a splice site-mediated exon-skipping mutation in the lysyl hydroxylase gene. 
  • Ehrlichia chaffeensis, a new species associated with human ehrlichiosis. 
  • Elevated blood pressure and enhanced myocardial contractility in mice with severe IGF-1 deficiency. 
  • Elevated frequency of microsatellite mutations in TK6 human lymphoblast clones selected for mutations at the thymidine kinase locus. 
  • Elevation of cAMP is required for down-regulation, but not agonist-induced desensitization, of endogenous dopamine D1 receptors in opossum kidney cells. Studies in cells that stably express a rat cAMP phosphodiesterase (rPDE3) cDNA. 
  • Elimination of the vesicular acetylcholine transporter in the striatum reveals regulation of behaviour by cholinergic-glutamatergic co-transmission. 
  • Elovl4 5-bp-deletion knock-in mice develop progressive photoreceptor degeneration. 
  • Emergence and pathogenicity of highly virulent Cryptococcus gattii genotypes in the northwest United States. 
  • Emergence of the keratinocyte growth factor multigene family during the great ape radiation. 
  • Endoglin gene polymorphism as a risk factor for sporadic intracerebral hemorrhage. 
  • Endotoxin-mediated synthesis of nitric oxide is dependent on Gq protein signal transduction. 
  • Enhancement of hypoxia-induced tumor cell death in vitro and radiation therapy in vivo by use of small interfering RNA targeted to hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha. 
  • Enhancer control of local accessibility to V(D)J recombinase. 
  • Enteroviral meningoencephalitis as a complication of X-linked hyper IgM syndrome. 
  • Epidemiology and molecular characterisation of metallo-β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in a university hospital Intensive Care Unit in Greece. 
  • Epidemiology of highly endemic multiply antibiotic-resistant shigellosis in children in the Peruvian Amazon. 
  • Epidermal denervation and its effects on keratinocytes and Langerhans cells. 
  • Epidermal growth factor promotes uncoupling from adenylyl cyclase of the rat D2S receptor expressed in GH4C1 cells. 
  • Epidermal growth factor replaces estrogen in the stimulation of female genital-tract growth and differentiation. 
  • Epigenetic detection of human chromosome 14 uniparental disomy. 
  • Epstein-Barr virus-associated smooth muscle tumors are distinctive mesenchymal tumors reflecting multiple infection events: a clinicopathologic and molecular analysis of 29 tumors from 19 patients. 
  • Error correction of microchip synthesized genes using Surveyor nuclease. 
  • Erythrocyte Webb-type glycophorin C variant lacks N-glycosylation due to an asparagine to serine substitution. 
  • Erythroid-specific expression of human CD59 and transfer to vascular endothelial cells. 
  • Essential light chain of Drosophila nonmuscle myosin II. 
  • Essential role of beta-adrenergic receptor kinase 1 in cardiac development and function. 
  • Estrogen-related receptor-α is a metabolic regulator of effector T-cell activation and differentiation. 
  • Etiology of the mutational spectrum of ras genes in human carcinomas. 
  • Evaluating and enhancing ribozyme reaction efficiency in mammalian cells. 
  • Evaluation of 23S rRNA PCR primers for use in phylogenetic studies of bacterial diversity. 
  • Evaluation of CHROMagar™ KPC for the detection of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in rectal surveillance cultures. 
  • Evaluation of COBAS AMPLICOR (Roche): accuracy in detection of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae by coamplification of endocervical specimens. 
  • Evaluation of human T cell lymphotropic virus infection in a cohort of injecting drug users. 
  • Evaluation of pertussis in U.S. Marine Corps trainees. 
  • Evaluation of the WHO 2009 classification for diagnosis of acute dengue in a large cohort of adults and children in Sri Lanka during a dengue-1 epidemic. 
  • Evaluation of the accuracy and reproducibility of a practical PCR panel assay for rapid detection and differentiation of Mycobacterium avium subspecies. 
  • Evaluation of the beta2-adrenergic receptor gene as a candidate glaucoma gene in 2 ancestral populations. 
  • Evidence for genetic heterogeneity supports clinical differences in congenital myasthenic syndromes. 
  • Evidence for independent recruitment of zeta-crystallin/quinone reductase (CRYZ) as a crystallin in camelids and hystricomorph rodents. 
  • Evidence for the presence of the platelet-activating factor receptor in the CFW mouse preimplantation two-cell-stage embryo. 
  • Evidence that Gsta4 modifies susceptibility to skin tumor development in mice and humans. 
  • Evidence that SOX2 overexpression is oncogenic in the lung. 
  • Evolution of the CCU from rhythm, function and protection to reperfusion and beyond: a personal journey and perspective. 
  • Evolutionary history of microsatellites in the obscura group of Drosophila. 
  • Exacerbation of Avellino corneal dystrophy after laser in situ keratomileusis. 
  • Examining landscape factors influencing relative distribution of mosquito genera and frequency of virus infection. 
  • Exclusion of lumican and fibromodulin as candidate genes in MYP3 linked high grade myopia. 
  • Exclusion of maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 14 in patients referred for Prader-Willi syndrome using a multiplex methylation polymerase chain reaction assay. 
  • Exome sequencing of gastric adenocarcinoma identifies recurrent somatic mutations in cell adhesion and chromatin remodeling genes. 
  • Exomic sequencing of four rare central nervous system tumor types. 
  • Exon circularization in mammalian nuclear extracts. 
  • Exon skipping in purine nucleoside phosphorylase mRNA processing leading to severe immunodeficiency. 
  • Expansion of CTG18.1 Trinucleotide Repeat in TCF4 Is a Potent Driver of Fuchs' Corneal Dystrophy. 
  • Expansion of the alpha 2-adrenergic receptor family: cloning and characterization of a human alpha 2-adrenergic receptor subtype, the gene for which is located on chromosome 2. 
  • Experimental challenge and clinical cases of Bohle iridovirus (BIV) in native Australian anurans. 
  • Expression in Escherichia coli of the thermostable DNA polymerase from Pyrococcus furiosus. 
  • Expression of CD44 and variant isoforms in cultured human retinal pigment epithelial cells. 
  • Expression of CD44 variants in human inflammatory synovitis. 
  • Expression of a candidate sex-determining gene during mouse testis differentiation. 
  • Expression of alternatively spliced human T-lymphotropic virus type I pX mRNA in infected cell lines and in primary uncultured cells from patients with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma and healthy carriers. 
  • Expression of amphiphysin I, an autoantigen of paraneoplastic neurological syndromes, in breast cancer. 
  • Expression of cytokine mRNA in murine splenic dendritic cells and better induction of T cell-derived cytokines by dendritic cells than by macrophages during in vitro costimulation assay using specific antigens. 
  • Expression of five selected human mismatch repair genes simultaneously detected in normal and cancer cell lines by a nonradioactive multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. 
  • Expression of genes from the human active and inactive X chromosomes. 
  • Expression of human protein phosphatase-1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae highlights the role of phosphatase isoforms in regulating eukaryotic functions. 
  • Expression of multidrug resistance gene mdr1 mRNA in a subset of normal bone marrow cells. 
  • Expression of non-N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptor subunits in the olfactory epithelium. 
  • Expression of normal and novel glucokinase mRNAs in anterior pituitary and islet cells. 
  • Expression of three forms of melanoma growth stimulating activity (MGSA)/gro in human retinal pigment epithelial cells. 
  • Expression of transforming growth factor-beta type II receptor in rat lung is regulated during development. 
  • Expression of two type II-like tumor hexokinase RNA transcripts in cancer cell lines. 
  • Expression profiling using microarrays fabricated by an ink-jet oligonucleotide synthesizer. 
  • Expression, purification, and in vitro assays of mitochondrial single-stranded DNA-binding protein. 
  • Extensive recombination due to heteroduplexes generates large amounts of artificial gene fragments during PCR. 
  • Extent of RNA editing of glutamate receptor subunit GluR5 in different brain regions of the rat. 
  • External quality assurance of malaria nucleic acid testing for clinical trials and eradication surveillance. 
  • Extrahippocampal involvement in human herpesvirus 6 encephalitis depicted at MR imaging. 
  • FHIT and FRA3B 3p14.2 allele loss are common in lung cancer and preneoplastic bronchial lesions and are associated with cancer-related FHIT cDNA splicing aberrations. 
  • Factors affecting harp seal (Pagophilus groenlandicus) strandings in the Northwest Atlantic. 
  • Factors associated with do-not-resuscitate orders: patients' preferences, prognoses, and physicians' judgments. SUPPORT Investigators. Study to Understand Prognoses and Preferences for Outcomes and Risks of Treatment. 
  • Familial antiphospholipid antibody syndrome: criteria for disease and evidence for autosomal dominant inheritance. 
  • Familial transmission of the FMR1 CGG repeat. 
  • Fas A670G polymorphism, apoptotic capacity in lymphocyte cultures, and risk of lung cancer. 
  • Fetal gene transfer by transuterine injection of cationic liposome-DNA complexes. 
  • Fiber tract-specific white matter lesion severity Findings in late-life depression and by AGTR1 A1166C genotype. 
  • Fibroblast growth factors regulate calcitonin gene-related peptide mRNA expression in rat motoneurons after lesion and in culture. 
  • Fibronectin in the tendon-synovial complex: quantitation in vivo and in vitro by ELISA and relative mRNA levels by polymerase chain reaction and northern blot. 
  • Fine ambient particles induce oxidative stress and metal binding genes in human alveolar macrophages. 
  • Fine localization of the CMT4A locus using a PAC contig and haplotype analysis. 
  • Fine mapping of Wilms' tumors with 16q loss of heterozygosity localizes the putative tumor suppressor gene to a region of 6.7 megabases. 
  • Fine structure mapping of CIAS1: identification of an ancestral haplotype and a common FCAS mutation, L353P. 
  • Fine-mapping of the 5p15.33, 6p22.1-p21.31, and 15q25.1 regions identifies functional and histology-specific lung cancer susceptibility loci in African-Americans. 
  • Fine-structure mapping of meiosis-specific double-strand DNA breaks at a recombination hotspot associated with an insertion of telomeric sequences upstream of the HIS4 locus in yeast. 
  • First report of Yersinia ruckeri biotype 2 in the USA. 
  • Flt-1-dependent survival characterizes the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of colonic organoids. 
  • Focusing HIV prevention on those most likely to transmit the virus. 
  • Four new adenosine deaminase mutations, altering a zinc-binding histidine, two conserved alanines, and a 5' splice site. 
  • Frequency of breast cancer attributable to BRCA1 in a population-based series of American women. 
  • Frequency of homozygous deletion at p16/CDKN2 in primary human tumours. 
  • Frequent detection of bcl-2/JH translocations in human blood and organ samples by a quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay. 
  • Frequent detection of tumor cells in hematopoietic grafts in neuroblastoma and Ewing's sarcoma. 
  • Frequent engagement of the classical and alternative NF-kappaB pathways by diverse genetic abnormalities in multiple myeloma. 
  • Frequent loss of heterozygosity on chromosome arm 18q in squamous cell carcinomas. Identification of 2 regions of loss--18q11.1-q12.3 and 18q21.1-q23. 
  • From offshore to onshore: multiple origins of shallow-water corals from deep-sea ancestors. 
  • Functional characterization of a neuropeptide F-like receptor from Drosophila melanogaster. 
  • Functional characterization of the S. cerevisiae genome by gene deletion and parallel analysis. 
  • Functional polymorphisms of matrix metalloproteinase-9 are associated with risk of occurrence and metastasis of lung cancer. 
  • Functional significance of erythropoietin receptor expression in breast cancer. 
  • Fungal community analysis by large-scale sequencing of environmental samples. 
  • G alpha t/G alpha i1 chimeras used to define structural basis of specific functions of G alpha t. 
  • GBV-C/HGV is not the major cause of autoimmune hepatitis. 
  • Gadolinium chloride alters the acinar distribution of phagocytosis and balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. 
  • Galactomannan, β-D-Glucan, and Polymerase Chain Reaction-Based Assays for the Diagnosis of Invasive Fungal Disease in Pediatric Cancer and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. 
  • Galpha12 and Galpha13 negatively regulate the adhesive functions of cadherin. 
  • Gene and protein expressions of nitric oxide synthases in ischemia-reperfused peripheral nerve of the rat. 
  • Gene disruption with PCR products in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 
  • Gene expression of the renin-angiotensin system in human tissues. Quantitative analysis by the polymerase chain reaction. 
  • Gene expression patterns that characterize advanced stage serous ovarian cancers. 
  • Gene targeting of a CFTR allele in HT29 human epithelial cells. 
  • Generation of melanoma-specific, cytotoxic CD4(+) T helper 2 cells: requirement of both HLA-DR15 and Fas antigens on melanomas for their lysis by Th2 cells. 
  • Generation of random mutant libraries with multiple primers in a single reaction. 
  • Genetic analysis of MRL-lpr mice: relationship of the Fas apoptosis gene to disease manifestations and renal disease-modifying loci. 
  • Genetic architecture of a morphological shape difference between two Drosophila species. 
  • Genetic cause of a juvenile form of Tay-Sachs disease in a Lebanese child. 
  • Genetic changes in contralateral bronchioloalveolar carcinomas of the lung. 
  • Genetic control of blood pressure and the angiotensinogen locus. 
  • Genetic diagnosis in Lafora disease: genotype-phenotype correlations and diagnostic pitfalls. 
  • Genetic diversity in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex based on variable numbers of tandem DNA repeats. 
  • Genetic diversity of human immunodeficiency virus type 2: evidence for distinct sequence subtypes with differences in virus biology. 
  • Genetic factors contribute to bleeding after cardiac surgery. 
  • Genetic instability of microsatellites in endometrial carcinoma. 
  • Genetic mapping of five human chromosome 4 orthologues to bovine chromosomes 6 and 17. 
  • Genetic polymorphisms in CYP17, CYP3A4, CYP19A1, SRD5A2, IGF-1, and IGFBP-3 and prostate cancer risk in African-American men: the Flint Men's Health Study. 
  • Genetic polymorphisms in glutathione S-transferase mu and theta, N-acetyltransferase, and CYP1A1 and risk of gliomas. 
  • Genetic recombination of poliovirus in a cell-free system. 
  • Genetic regulation of telomere-telomere fusions in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisae. 
  • Genetic risk and carcinogen exposure: a common inherited defect of the carcinogen-metabolism gene glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) that increases susceptibility to bladder cancer. 
  • Genetic structure of typical and atypical populations of Candida albicans from Africa. 
  • Genetic subtyping of human immunodeficiency virus using a heteroduplex mobility assay. 
  • Genetic variability of Bacillus anthracis and related species. 
  • Genetic variation in glutathione S-transferase omega-1, arsenic methyltransferase and methylene-tetrahydrofolate reductase, arsenic exposure and bladder cancer: a case-control study. 
  • Genetic variation in the PNPLA3 gene and hepatocellular carcinoma in USA: risk and prognosis prediction. 
  • Genetic variation of HIV type 1 in four World Health Organization-sponsored vaccine evaluation sites: generation of functional envelope (glycoprotein 160) clones representative of sequence subtypes A, B, C, and E. WHO Network for HIV Isolation and Characterization. 
  • Genetic variation within and among populations of the threatened lichen Lobaria pulmonaria in Switzerland and implications for its conservation. 
  • Genetic variations of mTORC1 genes and risk of gastric cancer in an Eastern Chinese population. 
  • Genetically engineered large animal model for studying cone photoreceptor survival and degeneration in retinitis pigmentosa. 
  • Genome rearrangements caused by interstitial telomeric sequences in yeast. 
  • Genome-wide analysis of central corneal thickness in primary open-angle glaucoma cases in the NEIGHBOR and GLAUGEN consortia. 
  • Genome-wide localization of replication factors. 
  • Genome-wide scan for prostate cancer susceptibility genes using families from the University of Michigan prostate cancer genetics project finds evidence for linkage on chromosome 17 near BRCA1. 
  • Genome-wide search for CLN2, the gene causing late-infantile neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis (LNCL). 
  • Genomic sequencing is required for identification of tuberculosis transmission in Hawaii. 
  • Genomic structure and chromosomal localization of the novel ETS factor, PE-2 (ERF). 
  • Genomics and expression profiles of the Hedgehog and Notch signaling pathways in sea urchin development. 
  • Genotypic analysis of tumor suppressor genes PTEN/MMAC1 and p53 in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. 
  • Genotypic diversity within a natural coastal bacterioplankton population. 
  • Germline mutations in glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and RET in a Hirschsprung disease patient. 
  • Glucosamine modulates chondrocyte proliferation, matrix synthesis, and gene expression. 
  • Glucose metabolism gene variants modulate the risk of pancreatic cancer. 
  • Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) gene expression in the rat salivary gland. 
  • Glutathione S-transferase polymorphisms and risk of differentiated thyroid carcinomas: a case-control analysis. 
  • Glutathione S-transferase polymorphisms and risk of second primary malignancy after index squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. 
  • Glutathione S-transferase polymorphisms and survival in primary malignant glioma. 
  • Glutathione regulates susceptibility to oxidant-induced mitochondrial DNA damage in human lymphocytes. 
  • Glycine receptor beta-subunit gene mutation in spastic mouse associated with LINE-1 element insertion. 
  • Glycogen-branching enzyme deficiency leads to abnormal cardiac development: novel insights into glycogen storage disease IV. 
  • Growth, survival and viral load in symptomatic childhood human immunodeficiency virus infection. 
  • H19, a developmentally regulated gene, is reexpressed in rat vascular smooth muscle cells after injury. 
  • HER2 codon 655 polymorphism and risk of breast cancer in African Americans and whites. 
  • HIV Resistance and Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission Regimen in HIV-Infected Infants in Northern Tanzania. 
  • HIV infection is active and progressive in lymphoid tissue during the clinically latent stage of disease. 
  • HIV infection--induced posttranslational modification of T cell signaling molecules associated with disease progression. 
  • HIV quasispecies and resampling. 
  • HIV-1 extrachromosomal 2-LTR circular DNA is long-lived in human macrophages. 
  • HLA-A0201 positive pancreatic cell lines: new findings and discrepancies. 
  • HLA-DQ alpha allele and genotype frequencies in a native Kuwaiti population. 
  • HNF-3 beta as a regulator of floor plate development. 
  • Haplotype analysis of the growth hormone releasing hormone receptor locus in three apparently unrelated kindreds from the indian subcontinent with the identical mutation in the GHRH receptor. 
  • Haplotypes of two variants in p16 (CDKN2/MTS-1/INK4a) exon 3 and risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: a case-control study. 
  • Hb Catonsville (glutamic acid inserted between Pro-37(C2)alpha and Thr-38(C3)alpha). Nonallelic gene conversion in the globin system? 
  • Hedgehog signaling patterns mesoderm in the sea urchin. 
  • Helper Th1 and Th2 cell responses following mucosal or systemic immunization with cholera toxin. 
  • Heme oxygenase-1 regulates cardiac mitochondrial biogenesis via Nrf2-mediated transcriptional control of nuclear respiratory factor-1. 
  • Hemeoxygenase expression after reversible ischemia of rat brain. 
  • Hemoglobin sickle-Lepore: report of two siblings and review of the literature. 
  • Hepatic angiomyolipoma and hepatic stellate cells share a similar gene expression profile. 
  • Hepatitis A virus infection suppresses hepatitis C virus replication and may lead to clearance of HCV. 
  • Hepatitis B core antibody positive donors as a safe and effective therapeutic option to increase available organs for lung transplantation. 
  • Hepatitis G virus does not cause significant liver disease after liver transplantation. 
  • Hepcidin, a candidate modifier of the hemochromatosis phenotype in mice. 
  • Hereditary prostate cancer as a feature of Lynch syndrome. 
  • Hereditary prostate cancer in African American families: linkage analysis using markers that map to five candidate susceptibility loci. 
  • Heritability of X chromosome--inactivation phenotype in a large family. 
  • Herpes simplex virus hepatitis after renal transplantation. 
  • Heterogeneity of dopamine receptors. 
  • High expression of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand is associated with favorable ovarian cancer survival. 
  • High incidence of T-cell tumors in E2A-null mice and E2A/Id1 double-knockout mice. 
  • High throughput detection of M6P/IGF2R intronic hypermethylation and LOH in ovarian cancer. 
  • High throughput functional analysis of HIV-1 env genes without cloning. 
  • High-resolution comparative physical mapping of mouse chromosome 10 in the region of homology with human chromosome 21. 
  • High-throughput analysis of informative CYP2D6 compound haplotypes. 
  • High-throughput detection of glutathione s-transferase polymorphic alleles in a pediatric cancer population. 
  • High-throughput genotyping with single nucleotide polymorphisms. 
  • High-throughput pooling and real-time PCR-based strategy for malaria detection. 
  • Higher production of peripheral blood macrophage migration inhibitory factor in healthy children with a history of mild malaria relative to children with a history of severe malaria. 
  • Highly skewed X-chromosome inactivation is associated with idiopathic recurrent spontaneous abortion. 
  • Histiocytic sarcoma arising in indolent small B-cell lymphoma: report of two cases with molecular/genetic evidence suggestive of a 'transdifferentiation' during the clonal evolution. 
  • Histologic and molecular assessment of human thymus. 
  • Homo- and hetero-oligomerization of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) receptor subtypes. Differential regulation of beta-arrestins 1 and 2. 
  • Human MafG is a functional partner for p45 NF-E2 in activating globin gene expression. 
  • Human centromeric chromatin is a dynamic chromosomal domain that can spread over noncentromeric DNA. 
  • Human colonic biota studied by ribosomal DNA sequence analysis. 
  • Human granulosa-luteal and cumulus cells express transforming growth factors-beta type 1 and type 2 mRNA. 
  • Human herpesvirus 6 polymerase chain reaction findings in human immunodeficiency virus associated neurological disease and multiple sclerosis. 
  • Human herpesvirus 7 primary infection in kidney transplant recipients. 
  • Human lung cancer cell lines exhibit resistance to retinoic acid treatment. 
  • Human papillomavirus 16 E6 expression disrupts the p53-mediated cellular response to DNA damage. 
  • Human papillomavirus in early laryngeal carcinoma. 
  • Human papillomavirus types 16 and 18 are not involved in human prostate carcinogenesis: analysis of archival human prostate cancer specimens by differential polymerase chain reaction. 
  • Human papillomavirus types important in progression of inverted papilloma. 
  • Human renal allograft rejection despite the absence of allogeneic passenger leukocytes. 
  • Human retroviral gag- and gag-pol-like proteins interact with the transforming growth factor-beta receptor activin receptor-like kinase 1. 
  • Human smooth muscle alpha-actin gene is a transcriptional target of the p53 tumor suppressor protein. 
  • Human type 2 angiotensin II receptor gene: cloned, mapped to the X chromosome, and its mRNA is expressed in the human lung. 
  • Hybridization probes for conventional DNA fingerprinting used as single primers in the polymerase chain reaction to distinguish strains of Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Hydrothermal vent fields and chemosynthetic biota on the world's deepest seafloor spreading centre. 
  • Hypermethylated APC DNA in plasma and prognosis of patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma. 
  • Hypermethylation of 14-3-3 sigma (stratifin) is an early event in breast cancer. 
  • Hypermutability and mismatch repair deficiency in RER+ tumor cells. 
  • Hypoxia in the thymus: role of oxygen tension in thymocyte survival. 
  • IFN-gamma production in response to neuropathogenic Cas-Br-M murine leukemia virus infection. 
  • IGF1 (CA)19 repeat and IGFBP3 -202 A/C genotypes and the risk of prostate cancer in Black and White men. 
  • IL-1R type I-dependent hemopoietic stem cell proliferation is necessary for inflammatory granulopoiesis and reactive neutrophilia. 
  • Ice-age survival of Atlantic cod: agreement between palaeoecology models and genetics. 
  • Id2 Collaborates with Id3 To Suppress Invariant NKT and Innate-like Tumors. 
  • Identification and characterization of a widely expressed form of adenylyl cyclase. 
  • Identification and characterization of proximal 6q deletions in prostate cancer. 
  • Identification and evolution of an IS6110 low-copy-number Mycobacterium tuberculosis cluster. 
  • Identification and functional characterization of JWA polymorphisms and their association with risk of gastric cancer and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in a Chinese population. 
  • Identification and mapping of type 1 neurofibromatosis (NF1) homologous loci. 
  • Identification of Aedes aegypti and its respective life stages by real-time polymerase chain reaction. 
  • Identification of E2A target genes in B lymphocyte development by using a gene tagging-based chromatin immunoprecipitation system. 
  • Identification of HIV-1 genitourinary tract compartmentalization by analyzing the env gene sequences in urine. 
  • Identification of Histoplasma capsulatum from culture extracts by real-time PCR. 
  • Identification of a cleavage site directing the immunochemical detection of molecular abnormalities in type IIA von Willebrand factor. 
  • Identification of a new family of protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunits. 
  • Identification of a new mutation in medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency. 
  • Identification of a nonsense mutation at codon 128 of the Norrie's disease gene in a male infant. 
  • Identification of a novel trimeric autotransporter adhesin in the cryptic genospecies of Haemophilus. 
  • Identification of a rat glomerular mesangial cell mitogenic 5-HT2A receptor. 
  • Identification of a region of genetic variability among Bacillus anthracis strains and related species. 
  • Identification of amino acid residues involved in structural and ubiquinone-binding functions of subunit IV of the cytochrome bc1 complex from Rhodobacter sphaeroides. 
  • Identification of amino acids essential for calmodulin binding and activation of smooth muscle myosin light chain kinase. 
  • Identification of an alternate promoter in the rat androgen-binding protein/sex hormone-binding globulin gene that regulates synthesis of a messenger RNA encoding a protein with altered function. 
  • Identification of clinical strains of Candida albicans by DNA fingerprinting with the polymerase chain reaction. 
  • Identification of genes associated with ovarian cancer metastasis using microarray expression analysis. 
  • Identification of genes from the fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans related to transmigration into the central nervous system. 
  • Identification of metastasis-associated breast cancer genes using a high-resolution whole genome profiling approach. 
  • Identification of mutations (D128G, H141L) in the liver arginase gene of patients with hyperargininemia. 
  • Identification of mutations in cystatin B, the gene responsible for the Unverricht-Lundborg type of progressive myoclonus epilepsy (EPM1). 
  • Identification of new mamu-DRB alleles using DGGE and direct sequencing. 
  • Identification of novel genes preferentially expressed in the retina using a custom human retina cDNA microarray. 
  • Identification of p18 INK4c as a tumor suppressor gene in glioblastoma multiforme. 
  • Identification of pathogenic yeasts of the imperfect genus Candida by polymerase chain reaction fingerprinting. 
  • Identification of specific protein-RNA target sites using libraries of natural sequences. 
  • Identification of the promoter region of the human betaIGH3 gene. 
  • Identification of the single base change causing the callipyge muscle hypertrophy phenotype, the only known example of polar overdominance in mammals. 
  • Identification of variants in CNGA3 as cause for achromatopsia by exome sequencing of a single patient. 
  • Identification using DNA from skin contact: case reports. 
  • Identification, cloning, and expression of a cytosolic megakaryocyte protein-tyrosine-phosphatase with sequence homology to cytoskeletal protein 4.1. 
  • Identification, purification, and characterization of GRK5, a member of the family of G protein-coupled receptor kinases. 
  • Identifying gene regulatory elements by genome-wide recovery of DNase hypersensitive sites. 
  • Identifying human immunodeficiency virus infection at birth: application of polymerase chain reaction to Guthrie cards. 
  • Identifying potential tumor markers and antigens by database mining and rapid expression screening. 
  • Immunity of patients surviving 20 to 30 years after allogeneic or syngeneic bone marrow transplantation. 
  • Immunity to malaria after administration of ultra-low doses of red cells infected with Plasmodium falciparum. 
  • Immunohistochemical and genetic analysis of non-small cell and small cell gallbladder carcinoma and their precursor lesions. 
  • Immunohistochemically proven cytomegalovirus end-organ disease in solid organ transplant patients: clinical features and usefulness of conventional diagnostic tests. 
  • Immunologic NO synthase: elevation in severe AIDS dementia and induction by HIV-1 gp41. 
  • Immunotoxins with increased activity against epidermal growth factor receptor vIII-expressing cells produced by antibody phage display. 
  • Impact of IL28B gene polymorphisms on interferon-λ3 plasma levels during pegylated interferon-α/ribavirin therapy for chronic hepatitis C in patients coinfected with HIV. 
  • Impact of ammonium permeases mepA, mepB, and mepC on nitrogen-regulated secondary metabolism in Fusarium fujikuroi. 
  • Impact of change to molecular testing for Clostridium difficile infection on healthcare facility-associated incidence rates. 
  • Impaired degranulation but enhanced cytokine production after Fc epsilonRI stimulation of diacylglycerol kinase zeta-deficient mast cells. 
  • Improved antitumor activity of a recombinant anti-Lewis(y) immunotoxin not requiring proteolytic activation. 
  • Improvements to the differential display method for gene analysis. 
  • Improving the accuracy of syndromic diagnosis of genital ulcer disease in Malawi. 
  • In situ studies of the primary immune response to (4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)acetyl. III. The kinetics of V region mutation and selection in germinal center B cells. 
  • In vitro analysis of the human antiporcine T-cell repertoire. 
  • In vitro and in vivo models for the study of oral delivery of nanoparticles. 
  • In vitro selection of RNA epitopes using autoimmune patient serum. 
  • In vitro selection of aptamers from RNA libraries. 
  • In vivo footprinting of the human alpha-globin locus upstream regulatory element by guanine and adenine ligation-mediated polymerase chain reaction. 
  • In vivo genetic variability of the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 V3 region. 
  • Inactivation of the tumor suppressor genes causing the hereditary syndromes predisposing to head and neck cancer via promoter hypermethylation in sporadic head and neck cancers. 
  • Increased expression of the interleukin-8 gene by alveolar macrophages in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. A potential mechanism for the recruitment and activation of neutrophils in lung fibrosis. 
  • Increased mtDNA levels without change in mitochondrial enzymes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of infants born to HIV-infected mothers on antiretroviral therapy. 
  • Increased p53 protein does not correlate to p53 gene mutations in microdissected human testicular germ cell tumors. 
  • Increased prevalence of dhfr and dhps mutants at delivery in Malawian pregnant women receiving intermittent preventive treatment for malaria. 
  • Increased risk for developmental delay in Saethre-Chotzen syndrome is associated with TWIST deletions: an improved strategy for TWIST mutation screening. 
  • Independent effects of complement factor H Y402H polymorphism and cigarette smoking on risk of age-related macular degeneration. 
  • Induction and spontaneous regression of intense pulmonary neuroendocrine cell differentiation in a model of preneoplastic lung injury. 
  • Induction by leptin of uncoupling protein-2 and enzymes of fatty acid oxidation. 
  • Induction of ferritin and heme oxygenase-1 by endotoxin in the lung. 
  • Induction of interleukin-6 mRNA in rat alveolar macrophages by in vitro exposure to both Cryptococcus neoformans and anti-C. neoformans antiserum. 
  • Induction of the human heat shock promoter HSP70B by nutritional stress: implications for cancer gene therapy. 
  • Inefficient reprogramming of fibroblasts into cardiomyocytes using Gata4, Mef2c, and Tbx5. 
  • Infectious disease pathology. 
  • Influence of actin cytoskeletal integrity on matrix metalloproteinase-2 activation in cultured human trabecular meshwork cells. 
  • Influence of donor criteria on early outcome after intestinal transplantation. 
  • Infrequent RAS oncogene mutations in human prostate cancer. 
  • Inherited human complement C5 deficiency. Nonsense mutations in exons 1 (Gln1 to Stop) and 36 (Arg1458 to Stop) and compound heterozygosity in three African-American families. 
  • Inhibition of G protein-coupled receptor signaling by expression of cytoplasmic domains of the receptor. 
  • Inhibition of growth of MDA-MB-468 estrogen-independent human breast carcinoma by bombesin/gastrin-releasing peptide antagonists RC-3095 and RC-3940-II. 
  • Initial amplification of duck hepatitis B virus covalently closed circular DNA after in vitro infection of embryonic duck hepatocytes is increased by cell cycle progression. 
  • Initiation of antiretroviral therapy during primary HIV-1 infection induces rapid stabilization of the T-cell receptor beta chain repertoire and reduces the level of T-cell oligoclonality. 
  • Insulin-like growth factor axis gene polymorphisms modify risk of pancreatic cancer. 
  • Integrated genomic analyses identify ERRFI1 and TACC3 as glioblastoma-targeted genes. 
  • Integration of statistical theory and practical clinical expertise. Polymerase chain reaction testing of the HIV-exposed infant. 
  • Inter-laboratory comparison of DNA preservation in archival paraffin-embedded human brain tissue from participating centres on four continents. 
  • Interaction of the cytochrome P4501A2, SULT1A1 and NAT gene polymorphisms with smoking and dietary mutagen intake in modification of the risk of pancreatic cancer. 
  • Interactions between life stress factors and carrying the APOE4 allele adversely impact self-reported health in old adults. 
  • Interferon regulatory factor-1 up-regulates angiotensin II type 2 receptor and induces apoptosis. 
  • Interferon regulatory factors are transcriptional regulators of adipogenesis. 
  • Intergenic transcribed spacer PCR ribotyping for differentiation of Saccharomyces species and interspecific hybrids. 
  • Interleukin 1-induced production of nitric oxide inhibits benzenetriol-mediated oxidative injury in rat hepatocytes. 
  • Interleukin-6 induces hepcidin expression through STAT3. 
  • Intimal hyperplasia after vascular injury is inhibited by antisense cdk 2 kinase oligonucleotides. 
  • Intralysosomal iron induces lysosomal membrane permeabilization and cathepsin D-mediated cell death in trabecular meshwork cells exposed to oxidative stress. 
  • Investigation of the basis of virulence in serotype A strains of Cryptococcus neoformans from apparently immunocompetent individuals. 
  • Involvement of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) in mouse embryonic lung growth and morphogenesis. 
  • Is MMTV associated with human breast cancer? Maybe, but probably not. 
  • Isolated sulfite oxidase deficiency: mutation analysis and DNA-based prenatal diagnosis. 
  • Isolation and characterization of a mouse homolog of the Drosophila segment polarity gene dishevelled. 
  • Isolation and characterization of an Ehrlichia sp. from a patient diagnosed with human ehrlichiosis. 
  • Isolation and characterization of human casein kinase I epsilon (CKI), a novel member of the CKI gene family. 
  • Isolation and characterization of the gene encoding the type 5 mouse (Mus musculus) somatostatin receptor (msst5). 
  • Isolation and characterization of the mouse (Mus musculus) somatostatin receptor type-4-encoding gene (mSSTR4). 
  • Isolation and functional analysis of the mouse RXRgamma1 gene promoter in anterior pituitary cells. 
  • Isolation and initial characterization of the 5' flanking region of the human and murine cyclic guanosine monophosphate-phosphodiesterase beta-subunit genes. 
  • Isolation of Cryptococcus gattii and Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii from the flowers and bark of Eucalyptus trees in India. 
  • Isolation of a diverged homeobox gene, MOX1, from the BRCA1 region on 17q21 by solution hybrid capture. 
  • Isolation of genes negatively or positively co-expressed with human recombination activating gene 1 (RAG1) by differential display PCR (DD RT-PCR). 
  • Isolation of monoclonal antibodies with predetermined conformational epitope specificity. 
  • Isolation of song-regulated genes in the brain of songbirds. 
  • Isolation of three novel human cyclins by rescue of G1 cyclin (Cln) function in yeast. 
  • Kif7 promotes hedgehog signaling in growth plate chondrocytes by restricting the inhibitory function of Sufu. 
  • Kinetics of cytokine expression in melanoma metastases classifies immune responsiveness. 
  • Kinetics of expression of multiply spliced RNA in early human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection of lymphocytes and monocytes. 
  • Knockout of the vesicular monoamine transporter 2 gene results in neonatal death and supersensitivity to cocaine and amphetamine. 
  • Kupffer cell depletion abolishes induction of interleukin-10 and permits sustained overexpression of tumor necrosis factor alpha messenger RNA in the regenerating rat liver. 
  • LOC387715/HTRA1 and complement factor H variants in patients with age-related macular degeneration seen at the mayo clinic. 
  • Lack of allele-specific efficacy of a bivalent AMA1 malaria vaccine. 
  • Lack of association between LOXL1 gene polymorphisms and primary open angle glaucoma in the Saudi Arabian population. 
  • Lack of evidence for a polymorphism at codon 160 of human O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase gene in normal tissue and cancer. 
  • Lack of evidence for an association between alpha-adducin and blood pressure regulation in Asian populations. 
  • Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 20016 produces cobalamin-dependent diol dehydratase in metabolosomes and metabolizes 1,2-propanediol by disproportionation. 
  • Lamivudine plus zidovudine compared with zalcitabine plus zidovudine in patients with HIV infection. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. North American HIV Working Party. 
  • Large-scale identification, mapping, and genotyping of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the human genome. 
  • Leptotrichia endocarditis: report of two cases from the International Collaboration on Endocarditis (ICE) database and review of previous cases. 
  • Leuconostoc bacteremia in pediatric patients with short bowel syndrome: case series and review. 
  • LexA protein of Escherichia coli represses expression of the Tn5 transposase gene. 
  • Linkage and mutation analysis of Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy type 2 families with chromosomes 1p35-p36 and Xq13. 
  • Linkage localization of X-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. 
  • Linkage of a mild late-onset phenotype of Fuchs corneal dystrophy to a novel locus at 5q33.1-q35.2. 
  • Linkage of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with frontotemporal dementia to chromosome 9q21-q22. 
  • Linkage of scapuloperoneal spinal muscular atrophy to chromosome 12q24.1-q24.31. 
  • Lipopolysaccharide stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis via activation of nuclear respiratory factor-1. 
  • Liposome-mediated DNA uptake and transient expression in Thermotoga. 
  • Little qualitative RNA misexpression in sterile male F1 hybrids of Drosophila pseudoobscura and D. persimilis. 
  • Local Burn Injury Promotes Defects in the Epidermal Lipid and Antimicrobial Peptide Barriers in Human Autograft Skin and Burn Margin: Implications for Burn Wound Healing and Graft Survival. 
  • Local burn injury impairs epithelial permeability and antimicrobial peptide barrier function in distal unburned skin. 
  • Localization of a retroviral element within the rd gene coding for the beta subunit of cGMP phosphodiesterase. 
  • Localization of alpha 2-adrenergic receptor subtypes in the anterior segment of the human eye with selective antibodies. 
  • Localization of the L-glutamine synthetase gene to chromosome 1q23. 
  • Localization of the VHR phosphatase gene and its analysis as a candidate for BRCA1. 
  • Long-term exposure of chemokine CXCL10 causes bronchiolitis-like inflammation. 
  • Longitudinal studies of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in pregnant women living in a rural Cameroonian village with high perennial transmission. 
  • Loss of WAVE-1 causes sensorimotor retardation and reduced learning and memory in mice. 
  • Loss of function mutations in conserved regions of the human arginase I gene. 
  • Loss of heterozygosity at chromosome segment Xq25-26.1 in advanced human ovarian carcinomas. 
  • Loss of p53 in benzene-induced thymic lymphomas in p53+/- mice: evidence of chromosomal recombination. 
  • Loss of the mismatch repair protein MSH6 in human glioblastomas is associated with tumor progression during temozolomide treatment. 
  • Low incidence of p53 mutations in European hepatocellular carcinomas with heterogeneous mutation as a rare event. 
  • Low level exposure to the flame retardant BDE-209 reduces thyroid hormone levels and disrupts thyroid signaling in fathead minnows. 
  • Low prevalence of Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) but high prevalence of pneumocystis dihydropteroate synthase (dhps) gene mutations in HIV-infected persons in Uganda. 
  • Lowered responsiveness of the catalyst of adenylyl cyclase to stimulation by GS in heterologous desensitization: a role for adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate-dependent phosphorylation. 
  • Lung transplantation for cystic fibrosis patients with Burkholderia cepacia complex. Survival linked to genomovar type. 
  • LvGroucho and nuclear beta-catenin functionally compete for Tcf binding to influence activation of the endomesoderm gene regulatory network in the sea urchin embryo. 
  • Lymphatic mapping and sentinel node identification for colorectal cancer. 
  • Lysis and lysis inhibition in bacteriophage T4: rV mutations reside in the holin t gene. 
  • MHC class II alleles associated with clinical and immunological manifestations of HIV-1 infection among children in Catalonia, Spain. 
  • MMP20 and ARMS2/HTRA1 Are Associated with Neovascular Lesion Size in Age-Related Macular Degeneration. 
  • Macroscale spatial variation in chronic wound microbiota: a cross-sectional study. 
  • Macular corneal dystrophy types I and II are caused by distinct mutations in the CHST6 gene in Iceland. 
  • Major expansion of CD8+ T cells with a predominant V beta usage during the primary immune response to HIV. 
  • Major histocompatibility complex class I alleles associated with slow simian immunodeficiency virus disease progression bind epitopes recognized by dominant acute-phase cytotoxic-T-lymphocyte responses. 
  • Malaria surveillance in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: comparison of microscopy, PCR, and rapid diagnostic test. 
  • Mammalian homologs of Drosophila ELAV localized to a neuronal subset can bind in vitro to the 3' UTR of mRNA encoding the Id transcriptional repressor. 
  • Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD: Ala-9Val) gene polymorphism may not be associated with schizophrenia and tardive dyskinesia. 
  • Mapping mutations in genes encoding the two large subunits of Drosophila RNA polymerase II defines domains essential for basic transcription functions and for proper expression of developmental genes. 
  • Mapping of loci and translocation breakpoints in Xq13: isolation of a conserved locus that maps close to CCG1 in human and mouse. 
  • Marker rescue of adeno-associated virus (AAV) capsid mutants: a novel approach for chimeric AAV production. 
  • Mating type (MAT) locus and possible sexuality of the opportunistic pathogen Exophiala dermatitidis. 
  • Matrix metalloproteinase-1 gene promoter polymorphism and risk of ovarian cancer. 
  • MeCP2 reinforces STAT3 signaling and the generation of effector CD4+ T cells by promoting miR-124-mediated suppression of SOCS5. 
  • Measurement of mouse T cell receptor excision circles. 
  • Mechanical and chemical unfolding of a single protein: a comparison. 
  • Mechanism of inactivation of CDKN2 and MTS2 in non-small cell lung cancer and association with advanced stage. 
  • Mecillinam/clavulanate combination: a possible option for the treatment of community-acquired uncomplicated urinary tract infections caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli. 
  • Medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency: postmortem diagnosis in a case of sudden infant death and neonatal diagnosis of an affected sibling. 
  • Megalin binds and internalizes angiotensin II. 
  • Meiotic chromosome segregation in triploid strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 
  • Mekk3 is essential for early embryonic cardiovascular development. 
  • Membrane localization and topology of a viral assembly protein. 
  • Mesenchymal transformation in epithelial ovarian tumor cells expressing epidermal growth factor receptor variant III. 
  • Messenger RNA repair and restoration of protein function by spliceosome-mediated RNA trans-splicing. 
  • Metabolic capacity regulates iron homeostasis in endothelial cells. 
  • Metabolism of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) by human hepatocytes in vitro. 
  • Methodology for a vaginal and urinary microbiome study in women with mixed urinary incontinence. 
  • Methods for precise sizing, automated binning of alleles, and reduction of error rates in large-scale genotyping using fluorescently labeled dinucleotide markers. FUSION (Finland-U.S. Investigation of NIDDM Genetics) Study Group. 
  • Methylation-specific PCR. 
  • Mice deficient for the vesicular acetylcholine transporter are myasthenic and have deficits in object and social recognition. 
  • Mice with duplications and deletions at the Tme locus have altered MnSOD activity. 
  • MicroRNAs in endometrial cancers from black and white patients. 
  • Microarray analysis of endometrial carcinomas and mixed mullerian tumors reveals distinct gene expression profiles associated with different histologic types of uterine cancer. 
  • Microarray identification of FMRP-associated brain mRNAs and altered mRNA translational profiles in fragile X syndrome. 
  • Microchimerism in sensitized renal patients. 
  • Microfluidic platform versus conventional real-time polymerase chain reaction for the detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in respiratory specimens. 
  • Microsatellite analysis of childhood brain tumors. 
  • Microsatellite instability and loss of heterozygosity at chromosomal location 18q: prospective evaluation of biomarkers for stages II and III colon cancer--a study of CALGB 9581 and 89803. 
  • Microsatellite variation in North American populations of Drosophila melanogaster. 
  • Microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-2 is not essential for in vivo prostaglandin E2 biosynthesis. 
  • Microsporidian methionine aminopeptidase type 2. 
  • Mitochondrial C-tract alteration in premalignant lesions of the head and neck: a marker for progression and clonal proliferation. 
  • Mitochondrial DNA alterations in thyroid cancer. 
  • Mitochondrial DNA deletions/rearrangements in parkinson disease and related neurodegenerative disorders. 
  • Mitochondrial genetic background in Ghanaian patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. 
  • Mitochondrial mutations are a late event in the progression of head and neck squamous cell cancer. 
  • Mitochondrial polymorphism A10398G and Haplogroup I are associated with Fuchs' endothelial corneal dystrophy. 
  • Mixed-phenotype large granular lymphocytic leukemia: a rare subtype in the large granular lymphocytic leukemia spectrum. 
  • Modification of peanut allergen Ara h 3: effects on IgE binding and T cell stimulation. 
  • Modulation of myocilin/TIGR expression in human trabecular meshwork. 
  • Modulation of oncogene and tumor suppressor gene expression in a hamster model of chronic lung injury with varying degrees of pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia. 
  • Molecular Analysis of Mouse T Cell Receptor α and β Gene Rearrangements. 
  • Molecular analysis of Bardet-Biedl syndrome families: report of 21 novel mutations in 10 genes. 
  • Molecular analysis of P16(Ink4)/CDKN2 and P15(INK4B)/MTS2 genes in primary human testicular germ cell tumors. 
  • Molecular analysis of highly enriched populations of T-cell-depleted monocytes. 
  • Molecular analysis of recombination in a family with Duchenne muscular dystrophy and a large pericentric X chromosome inversion. 
  • Molecular analysis of spontaneous nephrotropic anti-laminin antibodies in an autoimmune MRL-lpr/lpr mouse. 
  • Molecular approaches for colorectal cancer screening. 
  • Molecular assays for surveillance of antifolate-resistant malaria. 
  • Molecular basis of adenosine deaminase deficiency. 
  • Molecular basis of reduced or absent expression of decay-accelerating factor in Cromer blood group phenotypes. 
  • Molecular characterization of an Escherichia coli clinical isolate that produces both metallo-beta-lactamase VIM-2 and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase GES-7: identification of the In8 integron carrying the blaVIM-2 gene. 
  • Molecular characterization of chordoma xenografts generated from a novel primary chordoma cell source and two chordoma cell lines. 
  • Molecular characterization of the human delta opioid receptor in lung cancer. 
  • Molecular characterization of the tumor-suppressive function of nischarin in breast cancer. 
  • Molecular cloning and analysis of functional envelope genes from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 sequence subtypes A through G. The WHO and NIAID Networks for HIV Isolation and Characterization. 
  • Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel histone deacetylase HDAC10. 
  • Molecular cloning and expression of a high affinity L-proline transporter expressed in putative glutamatergic pathways of rat brain. 
  • Molecular cloning and expression of the gene for a human D1 dopamine receptor. 
  • Molecular cloning of acid alpha-glucosidase cDNA of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) and the lack of its mRNA in acid maltase deficient quails. 
  • Molecular cloning of cDNA encoding the Ca2+ release channel (ryanodine receptor) of rabbit cardiac muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum. 
  • Molecular cloning of dimethyl sulfoxide reductase from Rhodobacter sphaeroides. 
  • Molecular cloning of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) eggshell zona radiata protein complementary DNA: mRNA expression in 17beta-estradiol- and nonylphenol-treated fish. 
  • Molecular cloning of rat glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP). 
  • Molecular cloning, chromosomal mapping, and characterization of the human cardiac-specific homeobox gene hCsx. 
  • Molecular defects underlying the Kell null phenotype. 
  • Molecular detection and analysis of spotted fever group Rickettsia in patients with fever and rash at a tertiary care centre in Tamil Nadu, India. 
  • Molecular diagnosis of resistance to antimalarial drugs during epidemics and in war zones. 
  • Molecular genetic analysis of two human sperm fibrous sheath proteins, AKAP4 and AKAP3, in men with dysplasia of the fibrous sheath. 
  • Molecular genetic and immunohistochemical analysis of the tumor suppressor genes Rb and p53 in palmar and aggressive fibromatosis. 
  • Molecular genetic aspects of oligodendrogliomas including analysis by comparative genomic hybridization. 
  • Molecular genetic studies of major histocompatibility complex genes in children with juvenile dermatomyositis: increased risk associated with HLA-DQA1 *0501. 
  • Molecular genetic study of human arginase deficiency. 
  • Molecular margin analysis predicts local recurrence after sublobar resection of lung cancer. 
  • Molecular markers of prognosis in astrocytic tumors. 
  • Molecular markers reveal that population structure of the human pathogen Candida albicans exhibits both clonality and recombination. 
  • Molecular mycology: DNA probes and applications of PCR technology. 
  • Molecular profiling of activated olfactory neurons identifies odorant receptors for odors in vivo. 
  • Molecular structure of a protein-tyrosine/threonine kinase activating p42 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase: MAP kinase kinase. 
  • Molecular typing of clinical adenovirus specimens by an algorithm which permits detection of adenovirus coinfections and intermediate adenovirus strains. 
  • Monoclonal antibodies against EGFRvIII are tumor specific and react with breast and lung carcinomas and malignant gliomas. 
  • Monocyte-induced cytokine expression in cultured human retinal pigment epithelial cells. 
  • Moraxella osloensis bacteremia in a kidney transplant recipient. 
  • Morphological and genomic characterization of Filobasidiella depauperata: a homothallic sibling species of the pathogenic cryptococcus species complex. 
  • Mouse embryonic germ (EG) cell lines: transmission through the germline and differences in the methylation imprint of insulin-like growth factor 2 receptor (Igf2r) gene compared with embryonic stem (ES) cell lines. 
  • Mouse keratin 4 is necessary for internal epithelial integrity. 
  • Mouse primordial germ cells: isolation and in vitro culture. 
  • Mouse small eye results from mutations in a paired-like homeobox-containing gene. 
  • Multicenter clinical validation of PITX2 methylation as a prostate specific antigen recurrence predictor in patients with post-radical prostatectomy prostate cancer. 
  • Multicenter evaluation of the LightCycler methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) advanced test as a rapid method for detection of MRSA in nasal surveillance swabs. 
  • Multicenter study to determine disk diffusion and broth microdilution criteria for prediction of high- and low-level mupirocin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. 
  • Multicenter, prospective clinical evaluation of respiratory samples from subjects at risk for Pneumocystis jirovecii infection by use of a commercial real-time PCR assay. 
  • Multicentre surveillance of the prevalence and molecular epidemiology of macrolide resistance among pharyngeal isolates of group A streptococci in the USA. 
  • Multiple CDK/CYCLIND genes are amplified in medulloblastoma and supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal brain tumor. 
  • Multiple genetic lesions in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. 
  • Multiplex CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing for correction of dystrophin mutations that cause Duchenne muscular dystrophy. 
  • Multiplex PCR to diagnose bloodstream infections in patients admitted from the emergency department with sepsis. 
  • Multiplex-PCR-based recombination as a novel high-fidelity method for directed evolution. 
  • Multiplexed real-time polymerase chain reaction on a digital microfluidic platform. 
  • Multivariate analysis of associations of 42 genes in ADHD, ODD and conduct disorder. 
  • Murine typhus and febrile illness, Nepal. 
  • Mutation analysis of 18 nephronophthisis associated ciliopathy disease genes using a DNA pooling and next generation sequencing strategy. 
  • Mutation analysis of the RET receptor tyrosine kinase in Hirschsprung disease. 
  • Mutation analysis of the THRA1 gene in breast cancer: deletion/fusion of the gene to a novel sequence on 17q in the BT474 cell line. 
  • Mutation and expression analysis of the endoglin gene in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia reveals null alleles. 
  • Mutation and overexpression of p53 in early-stage epithelial ovarian cancer. 
  • Mutation detection with MutH, MutL, and MutS mismatch repair proteins. 
  • Mutation of p53 gene in hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines with HBX DNA. 
  • Mutation of the PTEN tumor suppressor gene in endometrial hyperplasias. 
  • Mutation of the p53 tumor-suppressor gene is not a feature of endometrial hyperplasias. 
  • Mutation screening of patients with Leber Congenital Amaurosis or the enhanced S-Cone Syndrome reveals a lack of sequence variations in the NRL gene. 
  • Mutational analysis of NPHS2 and WT1 in frequently relapsing and steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome. 
  • Mutational analysis of the fractalkine chemokine domain. Basic amino acid residues differentially contribute to CX3CR1 binding, signaling, and cell adhesion. 
  • Mutational hot spot potential of a novel base pair mutation of the CSPG2 gene in a family with Wagner syndrome. 
  • Mutations in PLCE1 are a major cause of isolated diffuse mesangial sclerosis (IDMS). 
  • Mutations in Plasmodium falciparum dihydrofolate reductase and dihydropteroate synthase and epidemiologic patterns of pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine use and resistance. 
  • Mutations in Plasmodium falciparum dihydrofolate reductase and dihydropteroate synthase of isolates from the Amazon region of Brazil. 
  • Mutations in corneal carbohydrate sulfotransferase 6 gene (CHST6) cause macular corneal dystrophy in Iceland. 
  • Mutations in exon 3 of the glycogen debranching enzyme gene are associated with glycogen storage disease type III that is differentially expressed in liver and muscle. 
  • Mutations in medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency. 
  • Mutations in purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency. 
  • Mutations in ribonuclease L gene do not occur at a greater frequency in patients with familial prostate cancer compared with patients with sporadic prostate cancer. 
  • Mutations in the MSH3 gene preferentially lead to deletions within tracts of simple repetitive DNA in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 
  • Mutations in the gene encoding for the beta 2-adrenergic receptor in normal and asthmatic subjects. 
  • Mutations in the glucose-6-phosphatase gene are associated with glycogen storage disease types 1a and 1aSP but not 1b and 1c. 
  • Mutations linked to drug resistance, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 biologic phenotype and their association with disease progression in children receiving nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. 
  • Mutations of the E-cadherin gene in human gynecologic cancers. 
  • Mutations of the Ki-ras oncogene in endometrial carcinoma. 
  • Mutations of the forkhead/winged-helix gene, FKHL7, in patients with Axenfeld-Rieger anomaly. 
  • Mutations of the p16 gene product are rare in prostate cancer. 
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis polymerase chain reaction findings in neurosarcoidosis. 
  • Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydia pneumoniae in asthma: effect of clarithromycin. 
  • Mycosis fungoides and follicular mucinosis. 
  • Myocardial NF-κB activation is essential for zebrafish heart regeneration. 
  • Myocilin mutations in black South Africans with POAG. 
  • N7-cyanoborane-2'-deoxyguanosine 5'-triphosphate is a good substrate for DNA polymerase. 
  • NADiA ProsVue prostate-specific antigen slope is an independent prognostic marker for identifying men at reduced risk of clinical recurrence of prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy. 
  • NCCN task force report: molecular markers in leukemias and lymphomas. 
  • NF1-related locus on chromosome 15. 
  • NOV (CCN3) regulation in the growth plate and CCN family member expression in cartilage neoplasia. 
  • NPAS1 regulates branching morphogenesis in embryonic lung. 
  • National Department of Defense Surveillance for Invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae: antibiotic resistance, serotype distribution, and arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction analyses. 
  • Naturally occurring Ehrlichia chaffeensis infection in two prosimian primate species: ring-tailed lemurs (Lemur catta) and ruffed lemurs (Varecia variegata). 
  • Nature and distribution of large sequence polymorphisms in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 
  • Negative regulation of TSHalpha target gene by thyroid hormone involves histone acetylation and corepressor complex dissociation. 
  • Neisseria gonorrhoeae FitA interacts with FitB to bind DNA through its ribbon-helix-helix motif. 
  • Neoteny in lymphocytes: Rag1 and Rag2 expression in germinal center B cells. 
  • Netrin-1 and peripheral nerve regeneration in the adult rat. 
  • Neuroprotective effects of group III mGluR in traumatic neuronal injury. 
  • New nitrogen-fixing microorganisms detected in oligotrophic oceans by amplification of Nitrogenase (nifH) genes. 
  • New polymorphic short tandem repeats for PCR-based Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1A duplication diagnosis. 
  • Newborn, carrier, and early childhood screening recommendations for fragile X. 
  • Newly Revised Quantitative PCR-Based Assay for Mitochondrial and Nuclear DNA Damage. 
  • Next generation multilocus sequence typing (NGMLST) and the analytical software program MLSTEZ enable efficient, cost-effective, high-throughput, multilocus sequencing typing. 
  • Next-generation sequencing of the human olfactory receptors. 
  • Niche partitioning among Prochlorococcus ecotypes along ocean-scale environmental gradients. 
  • Nitric oxide regulates the heart by spatial confinement of nitric oxide synthase isoforms. 
  • Nitric oxide synthase 2(Lambaréné) (G-954C), increased nitric oxide production, and protection against malaria. 
  • No association between polymorphisms in the serotonin transporter gene and susceptibility to cocaine dependence among African-American individuals. 
  • No evidence for maternal-fetal microchimerism in infantile hemangioma: a molecular genetic investigation. 
  • Nodal is a novel TGF-beta-like gene expressed in the mouse node during gastrulation. 
  • Non-invasive observation of repeated adenoviral GFP gene delivery to the anterior segment of the monkey eye in vivo. 
  • Nonrandom distribution of interhomolog recombination events induced by breakage of a dicentric chromosome in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 
  • Nonrandom localization of recombination events in human alpha satellite repeat unit variants: implications for higher-order structural characteristics within centromeric heterochromatin. 
  • Norepinephrine transporter knockout-induced up-regulation of brain alpha2A/C-adrenergic receptors. 
  • North Carolina macular dystrophy (MCDR1) locus: a fine resolution genetic map and haplotype analysis. 
  • Novel circular DNA viruses in stool samples of wild-living chimpanzees. 
  • Novel insulinoma cell lines produced by iterative engineering of GLUT2, glucokinase, and human insulin expression. 
  • Novel integrase-defective lentiviral episomal vectors for gene transfer. 
  • Novel luciferase-based reporter system to monitor activation of ErbB2/Her2/neu pathway noninvasively during radiotherapy. 
  • Novel splicing, missense, and deletion mutations in seven adenosine deaminase-deficient patients with late/delayed onset of combined immunodeficiency disease. Contribution of genotype to phenotype. 
  • Novel strategies to augment genetically delivered immunotoxin molecular therapy for cancer therapy. 
  • Nucleotide excision repair genes are expressed at low levels and are not detectably inducible in Caenorhabditis elegans somatic tissues, but their function is required for normal adult life after UVC exposure. 
  • Nucleotide sequence of mouse SCIP cDNA, a POU-domain transcription factor. 
  • Nucleotide variation at the myrosinase-encoding locus, TGG1, and quantitative myrosinase enzyme activity variation in Arabidopsis thaliana. 
  • Numerous group I introns with variable distributions in the ribosomal DNA of a lichen fungus. 
  • OTX2 is critical for the maintenance and progression of Shh-independent medulloblastomas. 
  • Obesity increases sensitivity to endotoxin liver injury: implications for the pathogenesis of steatohepatitis. 
  • Ocular phenotype correlations in patients with TWIST versus FGFR3 genetic mutations. 
  • Odorant receptors and desensitization proteins colocalize in mammalian sperm. 
  • Oligonucleotide enhanced cytotoxicity of Idarubicin for lymphoma cells. 
  • Oncogenic human papillomavirus type 16 is associated with squamous cell cancer of the male urethra. 
  • Oncogenic human papillomaviruses are rarely associated with squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder: evaluation by differential polymerase chain reaction. 
  • Ontogenesis of prolactin receptors in the human fetus in early gestation. Implications for tissue differentiation and development. 
  • Orangutan alpha-satellite monomers are closely related to the human consensus sequence. 
  • Organization of the human zeta-crystallin/quinone reductase gene (CRYZ). 
  • Origin of HIV-1 in the chimpanzee Pan troglodytes troglodytes. 
  • Origins and prevalence of the American Founder Mutation of MSH2. 
  • Outbreak of febrile respiratory illness associated with human adenovirus type 14p1 in Gansu Province, China. 
  • Ovarian adenocarcinomas in the laying hen and women share similar alterations in p53, ras, and HER-2/neu. 
  • Overexpression of AtCPS and AtKS in Arabidopsis confers increased ent-kaurene production but no increase in bioactive gibberellins. 
  • Overexpression of angiotensin AT1 receptor transgene in the mouse myocardium produces a lethal phenotype associated with myocyte hyperplasia and heart block. 
  • Overexpression of extracellular superoxide dismutase reduces acute radiation induced lung toxicity. 
  • Overexpression of folate binding protein and mesothelin are associated with uterine serous carcinoma. 
  • Overexpression of leptin receptors in pancreatic islets of Zucker diabetic fatty rats restores GLUT-2, glucokinase, and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. 
  • P pili in uropathogenic E. coli are composite fibres with distinct fibrillar adhesive tips. 
  • PCR amplification of chromosome-specific alpha satellite DNA: definition of centromeric STS markers and polymorphic analysis. 
  • PCR amplification of tandemly repeated DNA: analysis of intra- and interchromosomal sequence variation and homologous unequal crossing-over in human alpha satellite DNA. 
  • PCR analysis of egyptian respiratory adenovirus isolates, including identification of species, serotypes, and coinfections. 
  • PCR based determination of mitochondrial DNA copy number in multiple species. 
  • PCR identification of Mycobacterium bovis BCG. 
  • PCR-Based Analysis of Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number, Mitochondrial DNA Damage, and Nuclear DNA Damage. 
  • PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analyses reveal both extensive clonality and local genetic differences in Candida albicans. 
  • PG27, an extract of Tripterygium wilfordii hook f, induces antigen-specific tolerance in bone marrow transplantation in mice. 
  • PIG-A, DAF and proto-oncogene expression in paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria-associated acute myelogenous leukaemia blasts. 
  • PLN-encoded phospholamban mutation in a large cohort of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy cases: summary of the literature and implications for genetic testing. 
  • PTEN polymorphism (IVS4) is not associated with risk of prostate cancer. 
  • Paired cloning of the T cell receptor alpha and beta genes from a single T cell without the establishment of a T cell clone. 
  • Pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell line, MDAPanc-28, with features of both acinar and ductal cells. 
  • Panton-Valentine leukocidin is not the primary determinant of outcome for Staphylococcus aureus skin infections: evaluation from the CANVAS studies. 
  • Paracrine Wnt5a-β-Catenin Signaling Triggers a Metabolic Program that Drives Dendritic Cell Tolerization. 
  • Paradoxical expression of adenosine deaminase in T cells cultured from a patient with adenosine deaminase deficiency and combine immunodeficiency. 
  • Parallel evolution at multiple levels in the origin of hummingbird pollinated flowers in Ipomoea. 
  • Parasite clearance following treatment with sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine for intermittent preventive treatment in Burkina-Faso and Mali: 42-day in vivo follow-up study. 
  • Parkin mutations and susceptibility alleles in late-onset Parkinson's disease. 
  • Partitioned pulsed-field gel electrophoresis-PCR (PPF-PCR): a new method for pulsed-field mapping for STS and microsatellites. 
  • Pathogen-specific burdens of community diarrhoea in developing countries: a multisite birth cohort study (MAL-ED). 
  • Pathogenesis of Cryptococcus neoformans is associated with quantitative differences in multiple virulence factors. 
  • Pathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus infection is associated with expansion of the enteric virome. 
  • Patterns of nucleotide variation and reproductive isolation between a Mimulus allotetraploid and its progenitor species. 
  • Pcp1p, an Spc110p-related calmodulin target at the centrosome of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. 
  • Performance of a commercial polymerase chain reaction test for endocervical Chlamydia trachomatis infection in a university hospital population. 
  • Performance of polymerase chain reaction techniques detecting perforin in the diagnosis of acute renal rejection: a meta-analysis. 
  • Perinatal HIV infection and the effect of zidovudine therapy on transmission in rural and urban counties. 
  • Perinatal screening for group B streptococci: cost-benefit analysis of rapid polymerase chain reaction. 
  • Peripheral blood chimerism in renal allograft recipients transfused with donor bone marrow. 
  • Peroxidative stress selectively down-regulates the neuronal stress response activated under conditions of endoplasmic reticulum dysfunction. 
  • Persistence of attenuated rev genes in a human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected asymptomatic individual. 
  • Persistent expression of MNF identifies myogenic stem cells in postnatal muscles. 
  • Pervasive genomic recombination of HIV-1 in vivo. 
  • Pharmacogenetics of methylphenidate response in preschoolers with ADHD. 
  • Pharmacologic manipulation of ob expression in a dietary model of obesity. 
  • Phenol sulfotransferases: hormonal regulation, polymorphism, and age of onset of breast cancer. 
  • Phenotypic and functional consequences of herpesvirus saimiri infection of human CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes. 
  • Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of Mycobacterium africanum isolates from West Africa. 
  • Phylogenetic analyses suggest reverse splicing spread of group I introns in fungal ribosomal DNA. 
  • Phylogenetic analysis of feline immunodeficiency virus in feral and companion domestic cats of New Zealand. 
  • Phylogenetic and biogeographic relationships of eastern Asian and eastern North American disjunct Suillus species (fungi) as inferred from nuclear ribosomal RNA ITS sequences. 
  • Phylogenetic evidence for the transfer of Pseudomonas cocovenenans (van Damme et al. 1960) to the genus Burkholderia as Burkholderia cocovenenans (van Damme et al. 1960) comb. nov. 
  • Phylogenetic relationships, morphological incongruence, and geographic speciation in the fontinalaceae (Bryophyta). 
  • Phylogenetic study of Catapyrenium s. str. (Verrucariaceae, lichen-forming Ascomycota) and related genus Placidiopsis. 
  • Phylogeny of twenty Thermus isolates constructed from 16S rRNA gene sequence data. 
  • Phylogeography of the Solanaceae-infecting Basidiomycota fungus Rhizoctonia solani AG-3 based on sequence analysis of two nuclear DNA loci. 
  • Physical mapping of 60 DNA markers in the p21.1----q21.3 region of the human X chromosome. 
  • Physiological genomics of cardiac disease: quantitative relationships between gene expression and left ventricular hypertrophy. 
  • Plasmids for expression of chimeric and truncated kinesin proteins. 
  • Plasmodium falciparum malaria challenge by the bite of aseptic Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes: results of a randomized infectivity trial. 
  • Platelet-derived growth factor in fibrous musculoskeletal disorders: a study of pathologic tissue sections and in vitro primary cell cultures. 
  • Pneumococcal Colonization and the Nasopharyngeal Microbiota of Children in Botswana. 
  • Point mutations in dihydrofolate reductase and dihydropteroate synthase genes of Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Venezuela. 
  • Polarized monocyte response to cytokine stimulation. 
  • Polycystic kidney disease in SBM transgenic mice: role of c-myc in disease induction and progression. 
  • Polymerase chain reaction adjustment in antimalarial trials: molecular malarkey? 
  • Polymerase chain reaction analysis of distal vaginal specimens: a less invasive strategy for detection of Trichomonas vaginalis. 
  • Polymerase chain reaction detection of the BCR-ABL fusion transcript after allogeneic marrow transplantation for chronic myeloid leukemia: results and implications in 346 patients. 
  • Polymerase chain reaction fingerprinting in fungi using single primers specific to minisatellites and simple repetitive DNA sequences: strain variation in Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Polymorphic hCHK2/hCds1 codon 84 allele and risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck--a case-control analysis. 
  • Polymorphism in the serotonin transporter gene and moderators of prolactin response to meta-chlorophenylpiperazine in African-American cocaine abusers and controls. 
  • Polymorphism of adhesion molecule CD31 and its role in acute graft-versus-host disease. 
  • Polymorphisms in the K13-propeller gene in artemisinin-susceptible Plasmodium falciparum parasites from Bougoula-Hameau and Bandiagara, Mali. 
  • Polymorphisms in the two helicases ERCC2/XPD and ERCC3/XPB of the transcription factor IIH complex and risk of lung cancer: a case-control analysis in a Chinese population. 
  • Polymorphisms of DNA repair gene XRCC3 Thr241Met and risk of gastric cancer in a Chinese population. 
  • Polymorphisms of methionine synthase and methionine synthase reductase and risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: a case-control analysis. 
  • Polymorphisms of p21 and p27 jointly contribute to an earlier age at diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. 
  • Polymorphisms of the DNA repair gene XRCC1 and risk of gastric cancer in a Chinese population. 
  • Population genetics of a polyploid: is there hybridization between lineages of Hyla versicolor? 
  • Population, behavioural and environmental drivers of malaria prevalence in the Democratic Republic of Congo. 
  • Porcine CD80: cloning, characterization, and evidence for its role in direct human T-cell activation. 
  • Porcine granulosa cells do not express transforming growth factor-beta 2 (TGF-beta 2) messenger ribonucleic acid: molecular basis for their inability to produce TGF-beta activity comparable to that of rat granulosa cells. 
  • Positive and negative selection LYS5MX gene replacement cassettes for use in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 
  • Postmitotic expression of ankyrinR and beta R-spectrin in discrete neuronal populations of the rat brain. 
  • Posttransplant diastolic hypertension: associations with intragraft transforming growth factor-beta, endothelin, and renin transcription. 
  • Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder after umbilical cord blood transplantation in children. 
  • Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder following nonmyeloablative allogeneic stem cell transplantation. 
  • Potent inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication by inducible expression of HIV-1 PR multimers. 
  • Potential role of WAF1/Cip1/p21 as a mediator of TGF-beta cytoinhibitory effect. 
  • Poxvirus genomes encode a secreted, soluble protein that preferentially inhibits beta chemokine activity yet lacks sequence homology to known chemokine receptors. 
  • Practical application of molecular genetic testing as an aid to the surgical pathologic diagnosis of sarcomas: a prospective study. 
  • Precise localization of the FHIT gene to the common fragile site at 3p14.2 (FRA3B) and characterization of homozygous deletions within FRA3B that affect FHIT transcription in tumor cell lines. 
  • Precocious osteoarthritis in a family with recurrent COL2A1 mutation. 
  • Predictive and prognostic analysis of PIK3CA mutation in stage III colon cancer intergroup trial. 
  • Prenatal diagnosis and carrier detection for glycogen storage disease type III using polymorphic DNA markers. 
  • Prenatal diagnosis and genetic analysis of X chromosome polysomy 49, XXXXY. 
  • Prenatal diagnosis and genetic analysis of double trisomy 48,XXX,+18. 
  • Prenatal diagnosis of glycogen storage disease type IV using PCR-based DNA mutation analysis. 
  • Prenatal diagnosis of mosaic ring chromosome 22 associated with cardiovascular abnormalities and intrauterine growth restriction. 
  • Prenatal diagnosis using fetal cells from the maternal circulation. 
  • Prenatal exclusion of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type VI by mutational analysis. 
  • Preparation and screening of an arrayed human genomic library generated with the P1 cloning system. 
  • Preparation, resonance assignment, and preliminary dynamics characterization of residue specific 13C/15N-labeled elongated DNA for the study of sequence-directed dynamics by NMR. 
  • Presence of genes encoding the panton-valentine leukocidin exotoxin is not the primary determinant of outcome in patients with complicated skin and skin structure infections due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: results of a multinational trial. 
  • Presence of human papillomavirus predicts recurrence of inverted papilloma. 
  • Presence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli isolates possessing blaVIM-1 in Greece. 
  • Prevalence and characterization of metallo-beta-lactamases in clinical isolates of pseudomonas aeruginosa. 
  • Prevalence and distribution of adhesins in invasive non-type b encapsulated Haemophilus influenzae. 
  • Prevalence and distribution of human Plasmodium infection in Pakistan. 
  • Prevalence and patterns of antifolate and chloroquine drug resistance markers in Plasmodium vivax across Pakistan. 
  • Prevalence of factor V G1691A (Leiden), prothrombin G20210A, and methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase C677T thrombophilic mutations in children with inflammatory bowel disease. 
  • Prevalence of human papillomavirus types 16 and 18 in squamous-cell carcinoma of the penis: a retrospective analysis of primary and metastatic lesions by differential polymerase chain reaction. 
  • Prevalence of influenza A virus in live-captured North Atlantic gray seals: a possible wild reservoir. 
  • Prevalence of myocilin mutations in adults with primary open-angle glaucoma in Ghana, West Africa. 
  • Prevention of graft-versus-host disease by peptides binding to class II major histocompatibility complex molecules. 
  • Primary systemic therapy in breast cancer: past lessons and new approaches. 
  • Primer-BLAST: a tool to design target-specific primers for polymerase chain reaction. 
  • Primer3 on the WWW for general users and for biologist programmers. 
  • Primer3--new capabilities and interfaces. 
  • PrimerZ: streamlined primer design for promoters, exons and human SNPs. 
  • Probable exclusion of GLC1A as a candidate glaucoma gene in a family with middle-age-onset primary open-angle glaucoma. 
  • Probe directed at a segment of Rickettsia rickettsii rRNA amplified with polymerase chain reaction. 
  • Prochlorococcus ecotype abundances in the North Atlantic Ocean as revealed by an improved quantitative PCR method. 
  • Production and role of cytokines in the CNS of mice with acute viral encephalomyelitis. 
  • Production and validation of durable, high quality standardized malaria microscopy slides for teaching, testing and quality assurance during an era of declining diagnostic proficiency. 
  • Prognostic implications of chromosome 17p deletions in human medulloblastomas. 
  • Prolactin receptor gene expression in the fetal rat. 
  • Promoter methylation and silencing of the tissue factor pathway inhibitor-2 (TFPI-2), a gene encoding an inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases in human glioma cells. 
  • Prophylactic efficacy of a quadrivalent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine in women with virological evidence of HPV infection. 
  • Prospective isolation of bronchiolar stem cells based upon immunophenotypic and autofluorescence characteristics. 
  • Prostaglandin F2 alpha receptors in the human trabecular meshwork. 
  • Prostate cancer susceptibility locus on chromosome 1q: a confirmatory study. 
  • Prostate specific antigen: a decade of discovery--what we have learned and where we are going. 
  • Protein C deficiency and thromboembolism: recurrent mutation at Arg 306 in the protein C gene. 
  • Protein expression and functional analysis of the FHIT gene in human tumor cells. 
  • Protein fabrication automation. 
  • Protein isoforms encoded by the pX region of human T-cell leukemia/lymphotropic virus type I. 
  • Protein kinase C and Ca2+ activation of mucin secretion in airway goblet cells. 
  • Putative functional polymorphisms of MMP9 predict survival of NSCLC in a Chinese population. 
  • Pyrimethamine and proguanil resistance-conferring mutations in Plasmodium falciparum dihydrofolate reductase: polymerase chain reaction methods for surveillance in Africa. 
  • Pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine efficacy and selection for mutations in Plasmodium falciparum dihydrofolate reductase and dihydropteroate synthase in Mali. 
  • QPCR: a tool for analysis of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA damage in ecotoxicology. 
  • QTL Mapping in Three Rice Populations Uncovers Major Genomic Regions Associated with African Rice Gall Midge Resistance. 
  • QacR-cation recognition is mediated by a redundancy of residues capable of charge neutralization. 
  • Quality of DNA extracted from mouthwashes. 
  • Quantification of Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein-2 in cerebrospinal spinal fluid from cerebral malaria patients. 
  • Quantification of total T-cell receptor diversity by flow cytometry and spectratyping. 
  • Quantitation of hepatitis B viremia and emergence of YMDD variants in patients with chronic hepatitis B treated with lamivudine. 
  • Quantitation of mucin mRNA in respiratory and intestinal epithelial cells. 
  • Quantitation of residual white cells in filtered blood components by polymerase chain reaction amplification of HLA DQ-A DNA. 
  • Quantitation of target molecules from polymerase chain reaction-based limiting dilution assays. 
  • Quantitative PCR-based measurement of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA damage and repair in mammalian cells. 
  • Quantitative analysis of O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase in malignant glioma. 
  • Quantitative analysis of the calcium-sensing receptor messenger RNA in parathyroid adenomas. 
  • R5 clade C SHIV strains with tier 1 or 2 neutralization sensitivity: tools to dissect env evolution and to develop AIDS vaccines in primate models. 
  • RFLP analysis for APP 717 mutations associated with Alzheimer's disease. 
  • RNA editing of glutamate receptor subunits GluR2, GluR5 and GluR6 in transient cerebral ischemia in the rat. 
  • RNA editing of the glutamate receptor subunits GluR2 and GluR6 in human brain tissue. 
  • RNA extraction from human articular cartilage by chondrocyte isolation. 
  • RNA interference and single particle tracking analysis of hepatitis C virus endocytosis. 
  • RNA subunit of mitochondrial RNA-processing enzyme is induced by contractile activity in striated muscle. 
  • RNase 1 genes from the family Sciuridae define a novel rodent ribonuclease cluster. 
  • RUNX1 mutations are associated with poor outcome in younger and older patients with cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia and with distinct gene and MicroRNA expression signatures. 
  • RalA regulates vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C) synthesis in prostate cancer cells during androgen ablation. 
  • Random dissection to select for protein split sites and its application in protein fragment complementation. 
  • Randomization and selection of RNA to identify targets for RRM RNA-binding proteins and antibodies. 
  • Rapid 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing from a single colony without DNA extraction or purification. 
  • Rapid freezing of whole blood or buffy coat samples for polymerase chain reaction and cell culture analysis: application to detection of human immunodeficiency virus in blood donor and recipient repositories. The Transfusion Safety Study Group. 
  • Rapid genetic identification and mapping of enzymatically amplified ribosomal DNA from several Cryptococcus species. 
  • Rapid identification of Candida species by DNA fingerprinting with PCR. 
  • Rapid identification of gene sequences for transcriptional map assembly by direct cDNA screening of genomic reference libraries. 
  • Rapid identification of laboratory contamination with Mycobacterium tuberculosis using variable number tandem repeat analysis. 
  • Rapid identification of pathogenic fungi directly from cultures by using multiplex PCR. 
  • Rapid mapping of deletion and duplication mutations by the polymerase chain reaction. 
  • Rapid mapping of insertional mutations to probe cell wall regulation in Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Rapid molecular detection of tuberculosis and rifampin resistance. 
  • Rapid, comprehensive analysis of human cytokine mRNA and its application to the study of acute renal allograft rejection. 
  • Rat thecal/interstitial cells express transforming growth factor-beta type 1 and 2, but only type 2 is regulated by gonadotropin in vitro. 
  • Rational testing of the HIV-exposed infant. 
  • Re: Detection of human papillomavirus in squamous neoplasm of the penis. 
  • Reactivated fulminant hepatitis B virus replication after bone marrow transplantation: clinical course and possible treatment with ganciclovir. 
  • Real-time PCR assays compared to culture-based approaches for identification of aerobic bacteria in chronic wounds. 
  • Real-time PCR method for identification of Asian populations in forensic casework. 
  • Real-time quantitative PCR demonstrates low prevalence of human papillomavirus type 16 in premalignant and malignant lesions of the oral cavity. 
  • Receptor class desensitization of leukocyte chemoattractant receptors. 
  • Recombinant immunotoxin containing a disulfide-stabilized Fv directed at erbB2 that does not require proteolytic activation. 
  • Recombinant poxvirus boosting of DNA-primed rhesus monkeys augments peak but not memory T lymphocyte responses. 
  • Recombination of 4p16 DNA markers in an unusual family with Huntington disease. 
  • Recruitment of host progenitor cells in rat liver transplants. 
  • Recruitment of marrow-derived endothelial cells to experimental choroidal neovascularization by local expression of vascular endothelial growth factor. 
  • Recurrent nonsense mutations at arginine residues cause severe hemophilia B in unrelated hemophiliacs. 
  • Reduced DNA repair of benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide-induced adducts and common XPD polymorphisms in breast cancer patients. 
  • Reduced expression of hMLH1 and hGTBP/hMSH6: a risk factor for head and neck cancer. 
  • Reduced expression of mismatch repair genes measured by multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in human gliomas. 
  • Reduced penetrance in a large Caucasian pedigree with Stickler syndrome. 
  • Refinement of map position of the human GluR6 kainate receptor gene (GRIK2) and lack of association and linkage with idiopathic generalized epilepsies. 
  • Regional differences in the extent of RNA editing of the glutamate receptor subunits GluR2 and GluR6 in rat brain. 
  • Regulated expression of G protein-coupled receptor kinases (GRK's) and beta-arrestins in osteoblasts. 
  • Regulated heat shock protein 27 expression in human retinal pigment epithelium. 
  • Regulation of genome stability by TEL1 and MEC1, yeast homologs of the mammalian ATM and ATR genes. 
  • Regulation of the TCRalpha repertoire by the survival window of CD4(+)CD8(+) thymocytes. 
  • Regulation of zipper-interacting protein kinase activity in vitro and in vivo by multisite phosphorylation. 
  • Regulators of G-Protein signaling RGS10 and RGS17 regulate chemoresistance in ovarian cancer cells. 
  • Relative expression of aromatase cytochrome P450 in human fetal tissues as determined by competitive polymerase chain reaction amplification. 
  • Removal of polymerase-produced mutant sequences from PCR products. 
  • Renal cell carcinoma development in the rat independent of alterations at the VHL gene locus. 
  • Renal epithelium is a previously unrecognized site of HIV-1 infection. 
  • Repair of double-strand breaks in bacteriophage T4 by a mechanism that involves extensive DNA replication. 
  • Replication and compartmentalization of HIV-1 in kidney epithelium of patients with HIV-associated nephropathy. 
  • Replication of the TCF4 intronic variant in late-onset Fuchs corneal dystrophy and evidence of independence from the FCD2 locus. 
  • Replication of the recessive STBMS1 locus but with dominant inheritance. 
  • Replication studies in longevity: puzzling findings in Danish centenarians at the 3'APOB-VNTR locus. 
  • Research resource: nuclear receptor atlas of human retinal pigment epithelial cells: potential relevance to age-related macular degeneration. 
  • Resection of adrenocortical carcinoma liver metastasis: is it justified? 
  • Respiratory fungal infections: molecular diagnostic tests. 
  • Respiratory syncytial virus: an important cause of acute respiratory illness among young adults undergoing military training. 
  • Response to the methylation inhibitor dihydro-5-azacytidine in mesothelioma is not associated with methylation of p16INK4a: results of cancer and leukemia group B 159904. 
  • Resveratrol prevention of oxidative stress damage to lens epithelial cell cultures is mediated by forkhead box O activity. 
  • Retinoic acid modulation of alpha(1-->2) fucosyltransferase activity and sensitivity of tumor cells to LAK-mediated cytotoxicity. 
  • Retinoic acid receptor alpha in acute promyelocytic leukemia. 
  • Retroviral gene transduction of circulating progenitor cells in patients with metastatic breast cancer. 
  • Retrovirus-elicited interleukin-12 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha as inducers of interferon-gamma-mediated pathology in mouse AIDS. 
  • Rev and the fate of pre-mRNA in the nucleus: implications for the regulation of RNA processing in eukaryotes. 
  • Rhodopsin maturation antagonized by dominant rhodopsin mutants. 
  • Ribosomal DNA sequence analysis of mucosa-associated bacteria in Crohn's disease. 
  • Ribozyme-mediated repair of sickle beta-globin mRNAs in erythrocyte precursors. 
  • Role of JAK3 in CD40-mediated signaling. 
  • Role of Molecular Biomarkers in the Diagnosis of Invasive Fungal Diseases in Children. 
  • Role of subunit-9 of mitochondrial ATP synthase in Batten disease. 
  • Rotation of the stalk/neck and one head in a new crystal structure of the kinesin motor protein, Ncd. 
  • Rt-PCR increases detection of submicroscopic peritoneal metastases in gastric cancer and has prognostic significance. 
  • S-allele diversity in a natural population of Physalis crassifolia (Solanaceae) (ground cherry) assessed by RT-PCR. 
  • S-allele sequence diversity in natural populations of Solanum carolinense (Horsenettle). 
  • SIVcpz in wild chimpanzees. 
  • SLE nephritis is associated with an oligoclonal expansion of intrarenal T cells. 
  • SOCS3 inhibiting migration of A549 cells correlates with PYK2 signaling in vitro. 
  • Safety and efficacy of an induction dose of pegylated interferon alpha-2a on early hepatitis C virus kinetics in HIV/HCV co-infected patients: the CORAL-1 multicentre pilot study. 
  • Saturation mutagenesis of His114 of EcoRI reveals relaxed-specificity mutants. 
  • Screening of basidiomycetes and xylariaceous fungi for lignin peroxidase and laccase gene-specific sequences. 
  • Secreted extracellular domains of macrophage scavenger receptors form elongated trimers which specifically bind crocidolite asbestos. 
  • Selection of strains for quality assessment of the disk induction method for detection of inducible clindamycin resistance in Staphylococci: a CLSI collaborative study. 
  • Selective mutations in cloned and expressed alpha-macroglobulin receptor binding fragment alter binding to either the alpha2-macroglobulin signaling receptor or the low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein/alpha2-macroglobulin receptor. 
  • Self-collection of vaginal swabs for the detection of Chlamydia, gonorrhea, and trichomoniasis: opportunity to encourage sexually transmitted disease testing among adolescents. 
  • Semiquantitative measurement of cytokine messenger RNA in endomyocardium and peripheral blood mononuclear cells from human heart transplant recipients. 
  • Sensitive detection of human cytomegalovirus in tumors and peripheral blood of patients diagnosed with glioblastoma. 
  • Sensitivity and specificity of nested and real-time PCR for the detection of Pneumocystis jiroveci in clinical specimens. 
  • Sequence-based differentiation of strains in the Mycobacterium avium complex. 
  • Sequencing analysis of the ATOH7 gene in individuals with optic nerve hypoplasia. 
  • Sequencing of double-stranded polymerase chain reaction products for mutation analysis. 
  • Sequential development of histiocytic sarcoma and diffuse large b-cell lymphoma in a patient with a remote history of follicular lymphoma with genotypic evidence of a clonal relationship: a divergent (bilineal) neoplastic transformation of an indolent B-cell lymphoma in a single individual. 
  • Sequential gene profiling of basal cell carcinomas treated with imiquimod in a placebo-controlled study defines the requirements for tissue rejection. 
  • Sequential measurement of peripheral blood allogeneic microchimerism levels and association with pulmonary function. 
  • Serotonin transporter gene polymorphism and antidepressant response. 
  • Serotype AD strains of Cryptococcus neoformans are diploid or aneuploid and are heterozygous at the mating-type locus. 
  • Simultaneous amplification of four DNA repair genes and beta-actin in human lymphocytes by multiplex reverse transcriptase-PCR. 
  • Single intraluminal delivery of antisense cdc2 kinase and proliferating-cell nuclear antigen oligonucleotides results in chronic inhibition of neointimal hyperplasia. 
  • Single nucleotide polymorphism at rs1982073:T869C of the TGFbeta 1 gene is associated with the risk of radiation pneumonitis in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer treated with definitive radiotherapy. 
  • Single origin and subsequent diversification of central Andean endemic Umbilicaria species. 
  • Single-nucleotide polymorphisms at the TP53-binding or responsive promoter regions of BAX and BCL2 genes and risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. 
  • Sites of interaction between kinase-related protein and smooth muscle myosin. 
  • Six novel mutations in the endoglin gene in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia type 1 suggest a dominant-negative effect of receptor function. 
  • Six-year molecular analysis of Burkholderia cepacia complex isolates among cystic fibrosis patients at a referral center for lung transplantation. 
  • Slip-sliding away: serial changes and homoplasy in repeat number in the Drosophila yakuba homolog of human cancer susceptibility gene BRCA2. 
  • Smad5 induces ventral fates in Xenopus embryo. 
  • Small changes in expression affect predisposition to tumorigenesis. 
  • Snapshot of the allele-specific variation in human gene expression. 
  • Socioeconomic characteristics of patients with oropharyngeal carcinoma according to tumor HPV status, patient smoking status, and sexual behavior. 
  • Somatic mutations in the BRCA1 gene in sporadic ovarian tumours. 
  • Somatic mutations of GUCY2F, EPHA3, and NTRK3 in human cancers. 
  • Speciation on a local geographic scale: the evolution of a rare rock outcrop specialist in Mimulus. 
  • Species and genotypic diversities and similarities of pathogenic yeasts colonizing women. 
  • Species identification and virulence attributes of Saccharomyces boulardii (nom. inval.). 
  • Specific 33-residue repeat(s) of erythrocyte ankyrin associate with the anion exchanger. 
  • Specific binding of the human T-cell leukemia virus type I Rex protein to a short RNA sequence located within the Rex-response element. 
  • Spectrum of mutations in the Batten disease gene, CLN3. 
  • Spinal cord trauma activates processing of xbp1 mRNA indicative of endoplasmic reticulum dysfunction. 
  • Stellate nonhereditary idiopathic foveomacular retinoschisis. 
  • Strategy for elucidating differentially expressed genes in leiomyomata identified by microarray technology. 
  • Structural basis for specificity of Grb2-SH2 revealed by a novel ligand binding mode. 
  • Structure of DNA near long tandem arrays of alpha satellite DNA at the centromere of human chromosome 7. 
  • Structure of the gene encoding the human leukocyte adhesion molecule-1 (TQ1, Leu-8) of lymphocytes and neutrophils. 
  • Structure of the human allelic glutathione S-transferase-pi gene variant, hGSTP1 C, cloned from a glioblastoma multiforme cell line. 
  • Structure, function, and phylogeny of the mating locus in the Rhizopus oryzae complex. 
  • Structure-function relationships of the complement regulatory protein, CD59. 
  • Substrate length requirements for efficient mitotic recombination in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 
  • Successful human infection with P. falciparum using three aseptic Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes: a new model for controlled human malaria infection. 
  • Sudden Unilateral Decrease in Vision in a Healthy Middle-aged Man. 
  • Suggestive association between the C825T polymorphism of the G-protein beta3 subunit gene (GNB3) and clinical improvement with antipsychotics in schizophrenia. 
  • Surface-enhanced Raman gene probe for HIV detection. 
  • Surfactant protein A is defective in abrogating inflammation in asthma. 
  • Surveillance for unexplained deaths and critical illnesses due to possibly infectious causes, United States, 1995-1998. 
  • Surveillance of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae: tracking molecular epidemiology and outcomes through a regional network. 
  • Survey of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator genotypes in primary sclerosing cholangitis. 
  • Survey of familial glioma and role of germline p16INK4A/p14ARF and p53 mutation. 
  • Survey of the fragile X syndrome and the fragile X E syndrome in a special education needs population. 
  • Synergistic effect of Epstein-Barr virus and tumor promoters on induction of lymphoma and carcinoma in nude mice. 
  • Systematic review of the performance of HIV viral load technologies on plasma samples. 
  • T-Cell receptor Vbeta repertoire CDR3 length diversity differs within CD45RA and CD45RO T-cell subsets in healthy and human immunodeficiency virus-infected children. 
  • T-cell clonal change after allo-kidney transplantation in humans. 
  • T296----M, a common mutation causing mild hemophilia B in the Amish and others: founder effect, variability in factor IX activity assays, and rapid carrier detection. 
  • TERC is not a major gene in human neural tube defects. 
  • TET2 mutations improve the new European LeukemiaNet risk classification of acute myeloid leukemia: a Cancer and Leukemia Group B study. 
  • TOR mutations confer rapamycin resistance by preventing interaction with FKBP12-rapamycin. 
  • TP53 and RAS mutations in metachronous tumors from patients with cancer of the upper aerodigestive tract. 
  • Tagging ribozyme reaction sites to follow trans-splicing in mammalian cells. 
  • Targeted Re-Sequencing Emulsion PCR Panel for Myopathies: Results in 94 Cases. 
  • Targeted deletion of 5'HS2 of the murine beta-globin LCR reveals that it is not essential for proper regulation of the beta-globin locus. 
  • Targeted disruption of the mouse NHERF-1 gene promotes internalization of proximal tubule sodium-phosphate cotransporter type IIa and renal phosphate wasting. 
  • Targeted gene replacement demonstrates that myristoyl-CoA: protein N-myristoyltransferase is essential for viability of Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Targeting A20 decreases glioma stem cell survival and tumor growth. 
  • Targeting cancer stem cells through L1CAM suppresses glioma growth. 
  • Targeting the lactate transporter MCT1 in endothelial cells inhibits lactate-induced HIF-1 activation and tumor angiogenesis. 
  • Tau protein is required for amyloid {beta}-induced impairment of hippocampal long-term potentiation. 
  • TbetaRIII suppresses non-small cell lung cancer invasiveness and tumorigenicity. 
  • Telomere shortening in formerly abused and never abused women. 
  • Temporal and lineage-specific control of T cell receptor alpha/delta gene rearrangement by T cell receptor alpha and delta enhancers. 
  • Tenascin-C expression and distribution in cultured human chondrocytes and chondrosarcoma cells. 
  • Tetracycline treatment targeting Wolbachia affects expression of an array of proteins in Brugia malayi parasite. 
  • Tetramerization and single-stranded DNA binding properties of native and mutated forms of murine mitochondrial single-stranded DNA-binding proteins. 
  • The 70-kDa heat shock cognate protein (Hsc73) gene is enhanced by ovarian hormones in the ventromedial hypothalamus. 
  • The A581G Mutation in the Gene Encoding Plasmodium falciparum Dihydropteroate Synthetase Reduces the Effectiveness of Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine Preventive Therapy in Malawian Pregnant Women. 
  • The ARMS2 A69S variant and bilateral advanced age-related macular degeneration. 
  • The Bin1 gene localizes to human chromosome 2q14 by PCR analysis of somatic cell hybrids and fluorescence in situ hybridization. 
  • The CYP2C19*2 and CYP2C19*3 polymorphisms are associated with high post-treatment platelet reactivity in Asian patients with acute coronary syndrome. 
  • The Cryptococcus neoformans Rho-GDP dissociation inhibitor mediates intracellular survival and virulence. 
  • The DNA helicase activities of Rad3 protein of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and helicase II of Escherichia coli are differentially inhibited by covalent and noncovalent DNA modifications. 
  • The DXS423E gene in Xp11.21 escapes X chromosome inactivation. 
  • The Flk1-myr::mCherry mouse as a useful reporter to characterize multiple aspects of ocular blood vessel development and disease. 
  • The GIT family of proteins forms multimers and associates with the presynaptic cytomatrix protein Piccolo. 
  • The GroES antigens of Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium paratuberculosis. 
  • The LS locus of pea encodes the gibberellin biosynthesis enzyme ent-kaurene synthase A. 
  • The PML-RAR alpha fusion mRNA generated by the t(15;17) translocation in acute promyelocytic leukemia encodes a functionally altered RAR. 
  • The QPCR assay for analysis of mitochondrial DNA damage, repair, and relative copy number. 
  • The SHREW1 gene, frequently deleted in oligodendrogliomas, functions to inhibit cell adhesion and migration. 
  • The UTX gene escapes X inactivation in mice and humans. 
  • The agent of Tyzzer's disease is a Clostridium species. 
  • The agent of bacillary angiomatosis. 
  • The alpha 1C-adrenoceptor in human prostate: cloning, functional expression, and localization to specific prostatic cell types. 
  • The angiotensin II type 2 (AT2) receptor antagonizes the growth effects of the AT1 receptor: gain-of-function study using gene transfer. 
  • The association of polymorphisms of CDT1 and GMNN gene with the risk of breast cancer in Chinese women: a case-control analysis. 
  • The bZIP transcription factor LCR-F1 is essential for mesoderm formation in mouse development. 
  • The burden of hepatitis C virus infection in children: estimated direct medical costs over a 10-year period. 
  • The coactivator SRC-1 is an essential coordinator of hepatic glucose production. 
  • The cysP promoter of Salmonella typhimurium: characterization of two binding sites for CysB protein, studies of in vivo transcription initiation, and demonstration of the anti-inducer effects of thiosulfate. 
  • The diagnostic utility of anterior chamber paracentesis with polymerase chain reaction in anterior uveitis. 
  • The differential expression of wound-inducible lipoxygenase genes in soybean leaves. 
  • The easiest children to reach are most likely to be infected with ocular Chlamydia trachomatis in trachoma endemic areas of Niger. 
  • The effect of irrigation solution at different temperatures on articular cartilage metabolism. 
  • The effect of the alignment of electrospun fibrous scaffolds on Schwann cell maturation. 
  • The effects of BMP6 overexpression on adipose stem cell chondrogenesis: Interactions with dexamethasone and exogenous growth factors. 
  • The effects of chimeric cells following donor bone marrow infusions as detected by PCR-flow assays in kidney transplant recipients. 
  • The estrogen receptor-alpha A908G (K303R) mutation occurs at a low frequency in invasive breast tumors: results from a population-based study. 
  • The expression of platelet-derived growth-factor gene in Dupuytren contracture. 
  • The functional G143E variant of carboxylesterase 1 is associated with increased clopidogrel active metabolite levels and greater clopidogrel response. 
  • The gene encoding the p60 subunit of chromatin assembly factor I (CAF1P60) maps to human chromosome 21q22.2, a region associated with some of the major features of Down syndrome. 
  • The genetics of reproductive isolation and the potential for gene exchange between Drosophila pseudoobscura and D. persimilis via backcross hybrid males. 
  • The genomic relationship between primary breast carcinomas and their nodal metastases. 
  • The geography of malaria genetics in the Democratic Republic of Congo: A complex and fragmented landscape. 
  • The high Km glucose transporter of islets of Langerhans is functionally similar to the low affinity transporter of liver and has an identical primary sequence. 
  • The human X-inactivation centre is not required for maintenance of X-chromosome inactivation. 
  • The identification and characterization of KRAB-domain-containing zinc finger proteins. 
  • The in vivo balance between B cell clonal expansion and elimination is regulated by CD95 both on B cells and in their micro-environment. 
  • The incidence of ehrlichial and rickettsial infection in patients with unexplained fever and recent history of tick bite in central North Carolina. 
  • The inducibly expressed GTPase localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum, independently of GTP binding. 
  • The infectivity of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana to insecticide-resistant and susceptible Anopheles arabiensis mosquitoes at two different temperatures. 
  • The insulin gene is transcribed in the human thymus and transcription levels correlated with allelic variation at the INS VNTR-IDDM2 susceptibility locus for type 1 diabetes. 
  • The interleukin-2 receptor gamma chain maps to Xq13.1 and is mutated in X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency, SCIDX1. 
  • The isolation of a yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) contig extending for 2 megabases in the vicinity of the von Hippel Lindau disease gene. 
  • The long amplicon quantitative PCR for DNA damage assay as a sensitive method of assessing DNA damage in the environmental model, Atlantic killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus). 
  • The mechanism of autoantibody production in an autoimmune MRL/lpr mouse. 
  • The molecular defect in type IIB von Willebrand disease. Identification of four potential missense mutations within the putative GpIb binding domain. 
  • The nuclear receptor corepressor (NCoR) controls thyroid hormone sensitivity and the set point of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis. 
  • The p16 status of tumor cell lines identifies small molecule inhibitors specific for cyclin-dependent kinase 4. 
  • The p53 signal transduction pathway is intact in human neuroblastoma despite cytoplasmic localization. 
  • The prevalence and clinical significance of Chlamydia infection in island and mainland populations of Victorian koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus). 
  • The prevalence of cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leucoencephalopathy (CADASIL) in the west of Scotland. 
  • The probability of HLA-C matching between patient and unrelated donor at the molecular level: estimations based on the linkage disequilibrium between DNA typed HLA-B and HLA-C alleles. 
  • The receptor kinase family: primary structure of rhodopsin kinase reveals similarities to the beta-adrenergic receptor kinase. 
  • The role of CCR5 and CCR2 polymorphisms in HIV-1 transmission and disease progression. 
  • The role of Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma in adverse pregnancy outcomes. 
  • The role of imaging studies and molecular markers for selecting candidates for radical prostatectomy. 
  • The role of innate immunity in acute allograft rejection after lung transplantation. 
  • The role of tandem mass spectrometry in the diagnosis of fatty acid oxidation disorders. 
  • The scarlet eye colour gene of the tephritid fruit fly: Bactrocera tryoni and the nature of two eye colour mutations. 
  • The sentinel node in colorectal carcinoma. Mapping technique, pathologic assessment, and clinical relevance. 
  • The smallest membrane anchoring subunit (QPs3) of bovine heart mitochondrial succinate-ubiquinone reductase. Cloning, sequencing, topology, and Q-binding domain. 
  • The spreading of X inactivation into autosomal material of an x;autosome translocation: evidence for a difference between autosomal and X-chromosomal DNA. 
  • The three-dimensional structure of H-2Db at 2.4 A resolution: implications for antigen-determinant selection. 
  • The ties that bind: genetic relatedness predicts the fission and fusion of social groups in wild African elephants. 
  • The tumor biology of melanoma nodal metastases. 
  • The type 1 pili regulator gene fimX and pathogenicity island PAI-X as molecular markers of uropathogenic Escherichia coli. 
  • The use of a polymerase chain reaction as a diagnostic test for Rocky Mountain spotted fever. 
  • The vaginal introitus: a novel site for Chlamydia trachomatis testing in women. 
  • The value of fluorescence in situ hybridization and polymerase chain reaction in the diagnosis of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma by fine-needle aspiration. 
  • Thrombospondin-1 and thrombospondin-2 mRNA and TSP-1 and TSP-2 protein expression in uterine fibroids and correlation to the genes COL1A1 and COL3A1 and to the collagen cross-link hydroxyproline. 
  • Tick-borne relapsing fever polymerase chain reaction of tick-borne relapsing fever caused by Borrelia hermsii. 
  • Tissue and lineage-specific variation in inactive X chromosome expression of the murine Smcx gene. 
  • Tissue-specific activation of cardiac angiotensin converting enzyme in experimental heart failure. 
  • Tissue-specific expression and regulation of the alternatively-spliced forms of lysyl hydroxylase 2 (LH2) in human kidney cells and skin fibroblasts. 
  • Toll-like receptor 3 polymorphism rs3775291 is not associated with choroidal neovascularization or polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy in Chinese subjects. 
  • Towards precision medicine: Accurate predictive modeling of infectious complications in combat casualties. 
  • Trans-activating rev protein of the human immunodeficiency virus 1 interacts directly and specifically with its target RNA. 
  • Transcriptional network of multiple capsule and melanin genes governed by the Cryptococcus neoformans cyclic AMP cascade. 
  • Transcriptional regulation of the cholesteryl ester transfer protein gene by the orphan nuclear hormone receptor apolipoprotein AI regulatory protein-1. 
  • Transcriptional response to hypoxia in human tumors. 
  • Transfer of photosynthesis genes to and from Prochlorococcus viruses. 
  • Transgene expression in the brain stem effected by intramuscular injection of polyethylenimine/DNA complexes. 
  • Transgenic extracellular superoxide dismutase protects postnatal alveolar epithelial proliferation and development during hyperoxia. 
  • Transmission of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus between human and hamster. 
  • Transplantation of enriched and purged peripheral blood progenitor cells from a single apheresis product in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. 
  • Transposable elements: targets for early nutritional effects on epigenetic gene regulation. 
  • Transrectal gene therapy of the prostate in the canine model. 
  • Treatment of chronic hepatitis C with interferon with or without ursodeoxycholic acid: a randomized prospective trial. 
  • Trichomonas vaginalis as a cause of urethritis in Malawian men. 
  • Tropheryma whippelii DNA is rare in the intestinal mucosa of patients without other evidence of Whipple disease. 
  • Truncating BRCA1 mutations are uncommon in a cohort of hereditary prostate cancer families with evidence of linkage to 17q markers. 
  • Tumor suppressor Smad4 is a transforming growth factor beta-inducible DNA binding protein. 
  • Tumorigenic suppression of a human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma cell line in the nude mouse skin graft assay. 
  • Two members of a widely expressed subfamily of hormone-stimulated adenylyl cyclases. 
  • Two mutational hotspots in the interleukin-2 receptor gamma chain gene causing human X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency. 
  • Two new polymorphisms but no mutations of the KIT gene in patients with myelodysplasia at positions corresponding to human FMS and murine W locus mutational hot spots. 
  • Two sensitive PCR-based methods for detection of hepatitis B virus variants associated with reduced susceptibility to lamivudine. 
  • Two tRNA gene clusters associated with rRNA operons rrnD and rrnE in Bacillus subtilis. 
  • U1-snRNP-A protein selects a ten nucleotide consensus sequence from a degenerate RNA pool presented in various structural contexts. 
  • UV absorption complicates PCR decontamination. 
  • UV disinfection of adenoviruses: molecular indications of DNA damage efficiency. 
  • Uncoupling protein-2: a novel gene linked to obesity and hyperinsulinemia. 
  • Uniparental mitochondrial transmission in sexual crosses in Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Unique oligonucleotide primers in PCR for identification of Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Unusual phenotypic expression of an XLRS1 mutation in X-linked juvenile retinoschisis. 
  • Unusual structure of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 trans-activation response element. 
  • Upregulation of molecules associated with T-regulatory function by thymoglobulin pretreatment of human CD4+ cells. 
  • Urease as a virulence factor in experimental cryptococcosis. 
  • Use of the polymerase chain reaction for diagnosis of ocular toxoplasmosis. 
  • Use of the polymerase chain reaction in the diagnosis of unsuspected herpes simplex viral pneumonia: report of a case. 
  • Vaccination with mRNAs encoding tumor-associated antigens and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor efficiently primes CTL responses, but is insufficient to overcome tolerance to a model tumor/self antigen. 
  • Vaccine-induced protection of chimpanzees against infection by a heterologous human immunodeficiency virus type 1. 
  • Validation of DNA-based HLA-A and HLA-B testing of volunteers for a bone marrow registry through parallel testing with serology. 
  • Validation of laboratory screening criteria for herpes simplex virus testing of cerebrospinal fluid. 
  • Variables affecting the T cell receptor V beta repertoire heterogeneity of T cells infiltrating human renal allografts. 
  • Variation in expression of the Haemophilus influenzae HMW adhesins: a prokaryotic system reminiscent of eukaryotes. 
  • Variations in opsin coding sequences cause x-linked cone dysfunction syndrome with myopia and dichromacy. 
  • Ventricular expression of a MLC-2v-ras fusion gene induces cardiac hypertrophy and selective diastolic dysfunction in transgenic mice. 
  • Vibratory loading decreases extracellular matrix and matrix metalloproteinase gene expression in rabbit annulus cells. 
  • Virological diagnosis in community-acquired pneumonia in immunocompromised patients. 
  • Virus hunters: catching bugs in the field. 
  • Visualization of replication initiation and elongation in Drosophila. 
  • Visualizing mechanosensory endings of TrkC-expressing neurons in HS3ST-2-hPLAP mice. 
  • Vitamin D analogs differentially control antimicrobial peptide/"alarmin" expression in psoriasis. 
  • Vitamin D receptor polymorphisms and prostate cancer. 
  • Whipple's arthritis: direct detection of Tropheryma whippelii in synovial fluid and tissue. 
  • Whole exome sequencing of a dominant retinitis pigmentosa family identifies a novel deletion in PRPF31. 
  • Whole genome analysis: experimental access to all genome sequenced segments through larger-scale efficient oligonucleotide synthesis and PCR. 
  • X chromosome inactivation of the human TIMP gene. 
  • X inactivation of the FMR1 fragile X mental retardation gene. 
  • X-linked genetic factors regulate hematopoietic stem-cell kinetics in females. 
  • X-linked high myopia associated with cone dysfunction. 
  • XPA polymorphism associated with reduced lung cancer risk and a modulating effect on nucleotide excision repair capacity. 
  • XRN1 stalling in the 5' UTR of Hepatitis C virus and Bovine Viral Diarrhea virus is associated with dysregulated host mRNA stability. 
  • Yantar, a conserved arginine-rich protein is involved in Drosophila hemocyte development. 
  • Yield of stool culture with isolate toxin testing versus a two-step algorithm including stool toxin testing for detection of toxigenic Clostridium difficile. 
  • Zidovudine administered to women infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and to their neonates reduces pediatric infection independent of an effect on levels of maternal virus. 
  • [Genetic structure of geographically different populations of candida albicans]. 
  • [PCR amplification and structural analysis of two paralogous rat estrogen sulfotransferase genes]. 
  • cDNA cloning of an intracellular form of the human interleukin 1 receptor antagonist associated with epithelium. 
  • eNOS, a pressure-dependent regulator of intraocular pressure. 
  • lambda RNA internal standards quantify sensitivity and amplification efficiency of mammalian gene expression profiling. 
  • p45 NF-E2 regulates expression of thromboxane synthase in megakaryocytes. 
  • p53 codon 72 polymorphism associated with risk of human papillomavirus-associated squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx in never-smokers. 
  • p53 gene alterations in human prostate carcinoma. 
  • p53 mutations in human lymphoid malignancies: association with Burkitt lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. 
• 

  Keywords of People

  • Alberts, Susan C., Robert F. Durden Distinguished Professor of Biology, Duke Science & Society
  • Berchuck, Andrew, James M. Ingram Distinguished Professor of Gynecologic Oncology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gynecologic Oncology
  • Buckley, Rebecca Hatcher, James Buren Sidbury Distinguished Professor of Pediatrics, in the School of Medicine, Immunology
  • Carbrey, Jennifer Mehlman, Assistant Research Professor of Cell Biology, Cell Biology
  • Choi, Steven Sok, Associate Professor of Medicine, Medicine, Gastroenterology
  • Erickson, Harold Paul, James B. Duke Distinguished Professor of Cell Biology, Biomedical Engineering
  • Grambow, Steven C., Assistant Professor of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Biostatistics & Bioinformatics
  • Hogan, Brigid L. M., George Barth Geller Distinguished Professor, Cell Biology
  • Kelsoe, Garnett H., James B. Duke Distinguished Professor of Immunology, Immunology
  • Lagoo, Anand Shreeram, Professor of Pathology, Pathology
  • Laskowitz, Daniel Todd, Professor of Neurology, Duke Innovation & Entrepreneurship
  • Liton, Paloma Borrajo, Associate Professor in Ophthalmology, Pathology
  • Liu, Yutao, Adjunct Assistant Professor in the Department of Medicine, Medicine, Medical Genetics
  • McDonnell, Donald Patrick, Chair, Department of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Duke Innovation & Entrepreneurship
  • McLendon, Roger Edwin, Professor of Pathology, Pathology
  • Moorman, Patricia Gripka, Professor in Family Medicine and Community Health, Duke Cancer Institute
  • Muir, Kelly Walton, Associate Professor of Ophthalmology, Ophthalmology, Glaucoma
  • Noor, Mohamed A. F., Professor of Biology, Duke Science & Society
  • Pang, Herbert, Adjunct Assistant Professor in the Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Biostatistics & Bioinformatics
  • Shinohara, Mari L., Associate Professor of Immunology, Immunology
  • Sunday, Mary Elizabeth Anne, Professor of Pathology, Cell Biology
  • Taylor, Gregory Alan, Associate Professor in Medicine, Immunology
  • Tsalik, Ephraim, Associate Professor of Medicine, Molecular Genetics and Microbiology
  • Weinhold, Kent James, Joseph W. and Dorothy W. Beard Distinguished Professor of Experimental Surgery, in the School of Medicine, Immunology
  • Wray, Gregory Allan, Professor of Biology, Duke Innovation & Entrepreneurship
  • Yan, Hai, Henry S. Friedman Distinguished Professor of Neuro-Oncology in the School of Medicine, Pathology