HIV Protease Inhibitors

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  Subject Areas on Research

  • A phase I trial of the HIV protease inhibitor nelfinavir in adults with solid tumors. 
  • A phase I/II study of the protease inhibitor indinavir in children with HIV infection. 
  • A phase I/II study of the protease inhibitor ritonavir in children with human immunodeficiency virus infection. 
  • Addition of cyclophosphamide to antiretroviral therapy does not diminish the cellular reservoir in HIV-infected persons. 
  • An updated systematic overview of triple combination therapy in antiretroviral-naive HIV-infected adults. 
  • Anti-AIDS agents 69. Moronic acid and other triterpene derivatives as novel potent anti-HIV agents. 
  • C2-symmetrical tetrahydroxyazepanes as inhibitors of glycosidases and HIV/FIV proteases. 
  • Can the thymus win the battle against drug-resistant HIV? 
  • Chronic Kidney Disease and Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV-Positive Individuals: Recent Developments. 
  • Clinical implications of discordant viral and immune outcomes following protease inhibitor containing antiretroviral therapy for HIV-infected children. 
  • Combination antiretroviral therapy. 
  • Complex drug interactions of HIV protease inhibitors 1: inactivation, induction, and inhibition of cytochrome P450 3A by ritonavir or nelfinavir. 
  • Complex drug interactions of HIV protease inhibitors 2: in vivo induction and in vitro to in vivo correlation of induction of cytochrome P450 1A2, 2B6, and 2C9 by ritonavir or nelfinavir. 
  • Complex drug interactions of the HIV protease inhibitors 3: effect of simultaneous or staggered dosing of digoxin and ritonavir, nelfinavir, rifampin, or bupropion. 
  • Concentrations of protease inhibitors in cord blood after in utero exposure. 
  • Cord blood lipids in infants born to HIV-1-infected women treated with combination antiretroviral therapy. 
  • Dendritic cells/natural killer cross-talk: a novel target for human immunodeficiency virus type-1 protease inhibitors. 
  • Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate in combination with a twice-daily lopinavir-ritonavir-based regimen in HIV-infected women showed effective contraception and a lack of clinically significant interactions, with good safety and tolerability: results of the ACTG 5283 study. 
  • Design, synthesis and evaluation of a potent substrate analog inhibitor identified by scanning Ala/Phe mutagenesis, mimicking substrate co-evolution, against multidrug-resistant HIV-1 protease. 
  • Development of a novel screen for protease inhibitors. 
  • Developmental regulation of P-glycoprotein activity within thymocytes results in increased anti-HIV protease inhibitor activity. 
  • Drug-associated changes in amino acid residues in Gag p2, p7(NC), and p6(Gag)/p6(Pol) in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) display a dominant effect on replicative fitness and drug response. 
  • Dual pressure from antiretroviral therapy and cell-mediated immune response on the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease gene. 
  • Effect of ritonavir-induced cytochrome P450 3A4 inhibition on plasma fentanyl concentrations during patient-controlled epidural labor analgesia: a pharmacokinetic simulation. 
  • Fasting hyperinsulinemia in human immunodeficiency virus-infected men: relationship to body composition, gonadal function, and protease inhibitor use. 
  • Frequency of atazanavir-associated leukocyturia development and renal function decline. 
  • Genetic determinants in HIV-1 Gag and Env V3 are related to viral response to combination antiretroviral therapy with a protease inhibitor. 
  • High prevalence of PI resistance in patients failing second-line ART in Vietnam. 
  • Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitors irreversibly block infectivity of purified virions from chronically infected cells. 
  • Hyperlipidaemia in HIV-infected patients on lopinavir/ritonavir monotherapy in resource-limited settings. 
  • Hypertension Among HIV-infected Patients in Clinical Care, 1996-2013. 
  • Immunoreconstitution after ritonavir therapy in children with human immunodeficiency virus infection involves multiple lymphocyte lineages. 
  • In vitro selection and characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 with decreased susceptibility to lopinavir. 
  • Initiation of antiretroviral therapy during primary HIV-1 infection induces rapid stabilization of the T-cell receptor beta chain repertoire and reduces the level of T-cell oligoclonality. 
  • Integrase inhibitors in late pregnancy and rapid HIV viral load reduction. 
  • Intrinsic activity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease heterologous fusion proteins in mammalian cells. 
  • Lack of protease inhibitor resistance following treatment failure--too good to be true? 
  • Long-term results of initial therapy with abacavir and Lamivudine combined with Efavirenz, Amprenavir/Ritonavir, or Stavudine. 
  • Long-term virologic and immunologic responses in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected children treated with indinavir, zidovudine, and lamivudine. 
  • Maternal toxicity and pregnancy complications in human immunodeficiency virus-infected women receiving antiretroviral therapy: PACTG 316. 
  • Mechanism of ritonavir changes in methadone pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics: I. Evidence against CYP3A mediation of methadone clearance. 
  • Mechanism of ritonavir changes in methadone pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics: II. Ritonavir effects on CYP3A and P-glycoprotein activities. 
  • Metabolic abnormalities and cardiovascular disease risk factors in adults with human immunodeficiency virus infection and lipodystrophy. 
  • Methadone metabolism and clearance are induced by nelfinavir despite inhibition of cytochrome P4503A (CYP3A) activity. 
  • Minimizing resistance consequences after virologic failure on initial combination therapy: a systematic overview. 
  • Molecular targets of anti-HIV-1 triterpenes. 
  • Natural variation in HIV-1 protease, Gag p7 and p6, and protease cleavage sites within gag/pol polyproteins: amino acid substitutions in the absence of protease inhibitors in mothers and children infected by human immunodeficiency virus type 1. 
  • Nelfinavir, A lead HIV protease inhibitor, is a broad-spectrum, anticancer agent that induces endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy, and apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. 
  • Nelfinavir, a new anti-cancer drug with pleiotropic effects and many paths to autophagy. 
  • Nonnucleoside Reverse-transcriptase Inhibitor- vs Ritonavir-boosted Protease Inhibitor-based Regimens for Initial Treatment of HIV Infection: A Systematic Review and Metaanalysis of Randomized Trials. 
  • Overview of the effectiveness of triple combination therapy in antiretroviral-naive HIV-1 infected adults. 
  • Paradoxical tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in children. 
  • Potent inhibition of HIV type 1 infection of mononuclear phagocytes by synthetic peptide analogs of HIV type 1 protease substrates. 
  • Prenatal protease inhibitor use and risk of preterm birth among HIV-infected women initiating antiretroviral drugs during pregnancy. 
  • Prolonged CD4+ cell/virus load discordance during treatment with protease inhibitor-based highly active antiretroviral therapy: immune response and viral control. 
  • Protease inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy and glucose tolerance in pregnancy: AIDS Clinical Trials Group A5084. 
  • Protease inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy in treatment-naive HIV-1-infected patients: the evidence behind the options. 
  • Rapid clinical induction of hepatic cytochrome P4502B6 activity by ritonavir. 
  • Structured antiretroviral treatment interruptions in chronically HIV-1-infected subjects. 
  • Taking HAART in HIVAN: will protease inhibitor sparing regimens alter renal outcome? 
  • The HIV protease inhibitor, ritonavir, corrects diverse brain phenotypes across development in mouse model of DYT-TOR1A dystonia. 
  • The HIV-1 protease inhibitor nelfinavir activates PP2 and inhibits MAPK signaling in macrophages: a pathway to reduce inflammation. 
  • The impact of hepatitis C virus coinfection on HIV-related kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 
  • Time to treatment disruption in children with HIV-1 randomized to initial antiretroviral therapy with protease inhibitors versus non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. 
  • Transmitted antiretroviral drug resistance among acute and recent HIV infections in North Carolina from 1998 to 2007. 
  • Transplantation in the HIV+ patient. 
  • Two-year clinical and immune outcomes in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children who reconstitute CD4 T cells without control of viral replication after combination antiretroviral therapy. 
  • Virologic failure in therapy-naive subjects on aplaviroc plus lopinavir-ritonavir: detection of aplaviroc resistance requires clonal analysis of envelope. 
  • Virologic response of nine therapy-experienced children receiving 64 weeks of nelfinavir salvage therapy. 
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  Keywords of People

  • Ferrari, Guido, Professor in Surgery, Molecular Genetics and Microbiology