Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating

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  Subject Areas on Research

  • "Short course" bortezomib plus melphalan and prednisone as induction prior to transplant or as frontline therapy for nontransplant candidates in patients with previously untreated multiple myeloma. 
  • A hypermutation phenotype and somatic MSH6 mutations in recurrent human malignant gliomas after alkylator chemotherapy. 
  • A multi-institution experience comparing the clinical and physiologic differences between upper extremity and lower extremity melphalan-based isolated limb infusion. 
  • A multi-institutional experience of isolated limb infusion: defining response and toxicity in the US. 
  • A multicenter phase I dose escalation trial to evaluate safety and tolerability of intra-arterial temozolomide for patients with advanced extremity melanoma using normothermic isolated limb infusion. 
  • A phase 3 trial of whole brain radiation therapy and stereotactic radiosurgery alone versus WBRT and SRS with temozolomide or erlotinib for non-small cell lung cancer and 1 to 3 brain metastases: Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 0320. 
  • A phase II study of every other day high-dose ifosfamide in pediatric brain tumors: a Pediatric Oncology Group Study. 
  • A phase II study of temozolomide in patients with newly diagnosed supratentorial malignant glioma before radiation therapy. 
  • A phase II study of temozolomide vs. procarbazine in patients with glioblastoma multiforme at first relapse. 
  • A phase II trial of 6-hydroxymethylacylfulvene (MGI-114, irofulven) in patients with relapsed or refractory non-small cell lung cancer. 
  • A randomized phase II trial of veliparib, radiotherapy, and temozolomide in patients with unmethylated MGMT glioblastoma: the VERTU study. 
  • A sphingosine kinase inhibitor induces cell death in temozolomide resistant glioblastoma cells. 
  • Activity of high-dose cyclophosphamide in the treatment of childhood malignant gliomas. 
  • Activity of irofulven (6-hydroxymethylacylfulvene) in the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme-derived xenografts in athymic mice. 
  • Addition of bevacizumab to standard radiation therapy and daily temozolomide is associated with minimal toxicity in newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme. 
  • Alternating Electric Fields for the Treatment of Glioblastoma. 
  • An Australian experience with temozolomide for the treatment of recurrent high grade gliomas. 
  • Antitumor activity of temozolomide combined with irinotecan is partly independent of O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase and mismatch repair phenotypes in xenograft models. 
  • Assessment of early response to tumor-treating fields in newly diagnosed glioblastoma using physiologic and metabolic MRI: initial experience. 
  • Association of Maximal Extent of Resection of Contrast-Enhanced and Non-Contrast-Enhanced Tumor With Survival Within Molecular Subgroups of Patients With Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma. 
  • BCNU as second line therapy for recurrent high-grade glioma previously treated with Temozolomide. 
  • BLyS levels correlate with vaccine-induced antibody titers in patients with glioblastoma lymphodepleted by therapeutic temozolomide. 
  • Bifunctional DNA alkylator 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea activates the ATR-Chk1 pathway independently of the mismatch repair pathway. 
  • Biochemical correlates of temozolomide sensitivity in pediatric solid tumor xenograft models. 
  • Burden of disease predicts response to isolated limb infusion with melphalan and actinomycin D in melanoma. 
  • Busulfan/melphalan/antithymocyte globulin followed by unrelated donor cord blood transplantation for treatment of infant leukemia and leukemia in young children: the Cord Blood Transplantation study (COBLT) experience. 
  • Buthionine sulfoximine induction of gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine synthetase gene expression, kinetics of glutathione depletion and resynthesis, and modulation of carmustine-induced DNA-DNA cross-linking and cytotoxicity in human glioma cells. 
  • CYP1A1 genetic polymorphism is a promising predictor to improve chemotherapy effects in patients with metastatic breast cancer treated with docetaxel plus thiotepa vs. docetaxel plus capecitabine. 
  • Can O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase depletion enhance alkylator activity in the clinic? 
  • Carboplatin chemotherapy for progressive intramedullary spinal cord low-grade gliomas in children: three case studies and a review of the literature. 
  • Cellular mechanisms of cyclophosphamide resistance: model studies in human medulloblastoma cell lines. 
  • Characterization of the mechanisms of busulfan resistance in a human glioblastoma multiforme xenograft. 
  • Chemopotentiation by ultrafractionated radiotherapy in glioblastoma resistant to conventional therapy. 
  • Chemotherapy response of breast cancer depends on HER-2 status and anthracycline dose intensity in the neoadjuvant setting. 
  • Chronic CSF leak into the peritoneal cavity shown by radionuclide cisternography. Successful treatment with an epidural blood patch. 
  • Cisplatin but not BCNU inhibits urokinase-type plasminogen activator levels in human glioblastoma cell lines in vitro. 
  • Clinicopathologic review of enucleated eyes after intra-arterial chemotherapy with melphalan for advanced retinoblastoma. 
  • Clinicopathological characteristics and treatment of rhabdoid glioblastoma. 
  • Combination of anti-VEGF therapy and temozolomide in two experimental human glioma models. 
  • Comparison of methods of measuring HER-2 in metastatic breast cancer patients treated with high-dose chemotherapy. 
  • Computational modelling of perivascular-niche dynamics for the optimization of treatment schedules for glioblastoma. 
  • Critical review of the addition of tumor treating fields (TTFields) to the existing standard of care for newly diagnosed glioblastoma patients. 
  • Cryptococcal meningitis in patients with glioma: a report of two cases. 
  • Current trends in regional therapy for melanoma: lessons learned from 225 regional chemotherapy treatments between 1995 and 2010 at a single institution. 
  • Cutaneous involvement by T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia presenting as livedoid vasculopathy. 
  • DNA mismatch repair and O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase analysis and response to Temodal in newly diagnosed malignant glioma. 
  • Detecting treatment-by-centre interaction in multi-centre clinical trials. 
  • Disulfiram is a direct and potent inhibitor of human O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) in brain tumor cells and mouse brain and markedly increases the alkylating DNA damage. 
  • Dose-intense cyclophosphamide and etoposide for patients with refractory or high-risk non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. 
  • Dynamic susceptibility contrast MRI measures of relative cerebral blood volume as a prognostic marker for overall survival in recurrent glioblastoma: results from the ACRIN 6677/RTOG 0625 multicenter trial. 
  • Effect of O6-benzylguanine on nitrogen mustard-induced toxicity, apoptosis, and mutagenicity in Chinese hamster ovary cells. 
  • Effect of cisplatin and BCNU on MMP-2 levels in human glioblastoma cell lines in vitro. 
  • Effect of initial treatment on health-related quality of life in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma without immediate stem cell transplant intent: results from the Connect® MM Registry. 
  • Efficacy and toxicity of a CCNU-containing high-dose chemotherapy regimen followed by autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation in relapsed or refractory Hodgkin's disease. 
  • Efficacy of bendamustine and rituximab in unfit patients with previously untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Indirect comparison with ibrutinib in a real-world setting. A GIMEMA-ERIC and US study. 
  • Enforced expression of wild-type p53 curtails the transcription of the O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase gene in human tumor cells and enhances their sensitivity to alkylating agents. 
  • Enhanced efficacy of combined temozolomide and bromodomain inhibitor therapy for gliomas using targeted nanoparticles. 
  • Enhancement of irinotecan (CPT-11) activity against central nervous system tumor xenografts by alkylating agents. 
  • Enhancement of melphalan activity by inhibition of DNA polymerase-alpha and DNA polymerase-beta. 
  • Evaluation of pre-radiotherapy cyclophosphamide in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme. Writing Committee for The Brain Tumor Center at Duke. 
  • Evidence for a role of chloroethylaziridine in the cytotoxicity of cyclophosphamide. 
  • First-in-Human Phase I Clinical Trial of Pharmacologic Ascorbate Combined with Radiation and Temozolomide for Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma. 
  • Fractionated total-body irradiation, etoposide, and cyclophosphamide followed by allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for patients with high-risk or advanced-stage hematological malignancies. 
  • Future directions in regional treatment strategies for melanoma and sarcoma. 
  • Genomic and molecular profiling predicts response to temozolomide in melanoma. 
  • Gliadel (BCNU) wafer plus concomitant temozolomide therapy after primary resection of glioblastoma multiforme. 
  • Glioblastoma in the elderly: the effect of aggressive and modern therapies on survival. 
  • Gradient hydrogels for screening stiffness effects on patient-derived glioblastoma xenograft cellfates in 3D. 
  • Greater chemotherapy-induced lymphopenia enhances tumor-specific immune responses that eliminate EGFRvIII-expressing tumor cells in patients with glioblastoma. 
  • Human CD34+ hematopoietic progenitors have low, cytokine-unresponsive O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase and are sensitive to O6-benzylguanine plus BCNU. 
  • Human Dkk-1, a gene encoding a Wnt antagonist, responds to DNA damage and its overexpression sensitizes brain tumor cells to apoptosis following alkylation damage of DNA. 
  • Hypoxia in melanoma: using optical spectroscopy and EF5 to assess tumor oxygenation before and during regional chemotherapy for melanoma. 
  • IgE, allergy, and risk of glioma: update from the San Francisco Bay Area Adult Glioma Study in the temozolomide era. 
  • Immunologic escape after prolonged progression-free survival with epidermal growth factor receptor variant III peptide vaccination in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma. 
  • Immunological responses in a patient with glioblastoma multiforme treated with sequential courses of temozolomide and immunotherapy: case study. 
  • In-transit melanoma: the role of alkylating-agent resistance in regional therapy. 
  • Independent association of extent of resection with survival in patients with malignant brain astrocytoma. 
  • Induction of the unfolded protein response drives enhanced metabolism and chemoresistance in glioma cells. 
  • Influence of molecular classification in anaplastic glioma for determining outcome and future approach to management. 
  • Initial testing (stage 1) of temozolomide by the pediatric preclinical testing program. 
  • Initial testing of VNP40101M (Cloretazine) by the pediatric preclinical testing program. 
  • Intraarterial O6-benzylguanine enables the specific therapy of nitrosourea-resistant intracranial human glioma xenografts in athymic rats with 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea. 
  • Intrathecal busulfan treatment of human neoplastic meningitis in athymic nude rats. 
  • Involvement of two endonuclease III homologs in the base excision repair pathway for the processing of DNA alkylation damage in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 
  • L-amino acid oxidase (LOX) modulation of melphalan activity against intracranial glioma. 
  • Limb preservation with isolated limb infusion for locally advanced nonmelanoma cutaneous and soft-tissue malignant neoplasms. 
  • Long-term use of temozolomide: could you use temozolomide safely for life in gliomas? 
  • Loss of the mismatch repair protein MSH6 in human glioblastomas is associated with tumor progression during temozolomide treatment. 
  • Loss of the mismatched human leukocyte antigen haplotype in two acute myelogenous leukemia relapses after haploidentical bone marrow transplantation with post-transplantation cyclophosphamide. 
  • MGMT immunoexpression predicts responsiveness of pituitary tumors to temozolomide therapy. 
  • MSH6 inactivation and emergent temozolomide resistance in human glioblastomas. 
  • Management of tumor bed cysts after chemotherapeutic wafer implantation. Report of four cases. 
  • Marked response of gliomatosis cerebri to temozolomide and whole brain radiotherapy. 
  • Marked variability of melphalan plasma drug levels during regional hyperthermic isolated limb perfusion. 
  • Melanoma-associated retinopathy: a presenting sign of metastatic disease. 
  • Methemoglobinemia after infusion of ifosfamide chemotherapy: first report of a potentially serious adverse reaction related to ifosfamide. 
  • Mibefradil, a novel therapy for glioblastoma multiforme: cell cycle synchronization and interlaced therapy in a murine model. 
  • Mismatch repair deficiency does not mediate clinical resistance to temozolomide in malignant glioma. 
  • Mismatch repair deficiency: a temozolomide resistance factor in medulloblastoma cell lines that is uncommon in primary medulloblastoma tumours. 
  • Modulation of chemotherapy resistance in regional therapy: a novel therapeutic approach to advanced extremity melanoma using intra-arterial temozolomide in combination with systemic O6-benzylguanine. 
  • Modulation of cyclophosphamide activity by O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase. 
  • Modulation of melphalan resistance in glioma cells with a peripheral benzodiazepine receptor ligand-melphalan conjugate. 
  • Modulation of murine breast tumor vascularity, hypoxia and chemotherapeutic response by exercise. 
  • Monoclonal antibody blockade of IL-2 receptor α during lymphopenia selectively depletes regulatory T cells in mice and humans. 
  • Multicenter phase II trial of temozolomide in patients with anaplastic astrocytoma or anaplastic oligoastrocytoma at first relapse. Temodal Brain Tumor Group. 
  • Multiple DNA repair mechanisms and alkylator resistance in the human medulloblastoma cell line D-283 Med (4-HCR). 
  • Myeloablative temozolomide enhances CD8⁺ T-cell responses to vaccine and is required for efficacy against brain tumors in mice. 
  • Myeloid neoplasms secondary to plasma cell myeloma: an intrinsic predisposition or therapy-related phenomenon? A clinicopathologic study of 41 cases and correlation of cytogenetic features with treatment regimens. 
  • Neuro-oncology: What is the optimal use of bevacizumab in glioblastoma? 
  • O (4)-benzylfolic acid inactivates O (6)-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase in brain tumor cell lines. 
  • O6-Methylguanine DNA Methyltransferase Status Does Not Predict Response or Resistance to Alkylating Agents in Well-Differentiated Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors. 
  • O6-benzylguanine-mediated enhancement of chemotherapy. 
  • O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) immunohistochemistry as a predictor of resistance to temozolomide in primary CNS lymphoma. 
  • Optimizing a novel regional chemotherapeutic agent against melanoma: hyperthermia-induced enhancement of temozolomide cytotoxicity. 
  • Optimizing melphalan pharmacokinetics in regional melanoma therapy: does correcting for ideal body weight alter regional response or toxicity? 
  • Overcoming drug resistance in mantle cell lymphoma using a combination of dose-dense and intense therapy. 
  • Oxidative stress and inflammation contribute to lung toxicity after a common breast cancer chemotherapy regimen. 
  • Paclitaxel/ifosfamide or navelbine/ifosfamide chemotherapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer: CALGB 9532. 
  • Pathogenesis of pneumococcal pneumonia in cyclophosphamide-induced leukopenia in mice. 
  • Pathologic complete response of a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor in the lung treated with neoadjuvant Ifosfamide and radiation therapy. 
  • Pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic study of chronic low-dose metronomic cyclophosphamide therapy in mice. 
  • Phase 2 study of temozolomide in children and adolescents with recurrent central nervous system tumors: a report from the Children's Oncology Group. 
  • Phase I trial of intrathecal spartaject busulfan in children with neoplastic meningitis: a Pediatric Brain Tumor Consortium Study (PBTC-004). 
  • Phase II study of Gleevec plus hydroxyurea in adults with progressive or recurrent low-grade glioma. 
  • Phase II study of MGI-114 administered intravenously for 5 days every 28 days to patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. 
  • Phase II study of two-weekly temozolomide in patients with high-grade gliomas. 
  • Phase II trial of continuous low-dose temozolomide for patients with recurrent malignant glioma. 
  • Phase II trial of temozolomide (TMZ) plus irinotecan (CPT-11) in adults with newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme before radiotherapy. 
  • Phase II trial of temozolomide in patients with progressive low-grade glioma. 
  • Phase II trial of upfront bevacizumab and temozolomide for unresectable or multifocal glioblastoma. 
  • Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 inhibition reverses temozolomide resistance in a DNA mismatch repair-deficient malignant glioma xenograft. 
  • Predicting disease progression after regional therapy for in-transit melanoma. 
  • Predictive factors of regional toxicity and serum creatine phosphokinase levels after isolated limb infusion for melanoma: a multi-institutional analysis. 
  • Progressive glomerular toxicity of ifosfamide in children. 
  • Promising survival and concomitant radiation plus temozolomide followed by adjuvant temozolomide. 
  • Prospective multicenter phase II trial of systemic ADH-1 in combination with melphalan via isolated limb infusion in patients with advanced extremity melanoma. 
  • Quality of life after isolated limb infusion for in-transit melanoma of the extremity. 
  • Radiotherapy combined with nivolumab or temozolomide for newly diagnosed glioblastoma with unmethylated MGMT promoter: An international randomized phase III trial. 
  • Randomized multicenter trial of hyperthermic isolated limb perfusion with melphalan alone compared with melphalan plus tumor necrosis factor: American College of Surgeons Oncology Group Trial Z0020. 
  • Randomized phase III trial of fludarabine plus cyclophosphamide with or without oblimersen sodium (Bcl-2 antisense) in patients with relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia. 
  • Recombinant interferon-alpha2b added to oral cyclophosphamide either as induction or maintenance in treatment-naive follicular lymphoma: final analysis of CALGB 8691. 
  • Recommendations for Premature Ovarian Insufficiency Surveillance for Female Survivors of Childhood, Adolescent, and Young Adult Cancer: A Report From the International Late Effects of Childhood Cancer Guideline Harmonization Group in Collaboration With the PanCareSurFup Consortium. 
  • Reversing the Warburg effect as a treatment for glioblastoma. 
  • Risk-adapted craniospinal radiotherapy followed by high-dose chemotherapy and stem-cell rescue in children with newly diagnosed medulloblastoma (St Jude Medulloblastoma-96): long-term results from a prospective, multicentre trial. 
  • Rituximab in lymphocyte predominance Hodgkin's disease: a case series. 
  • SRC family kinase inhibition as a novel strategy to augment melphalan-based regional chemotherapy of advanced extremity melanoma. 
  • Safety and efficacy of stereotactic radiosurgery and adjuvant bevacizumab in patients with recurrent malignant gliomas. 
  • Safety and survival with GVAX pancreas prime and Listeria Monocytogenes-expressing mesothelin (CRS-207) boost vaccines for metastatic pancreatic cancer. 
  • Schedule-dependent activity of irinotecan plus BCNU against malignant glioma xenografts. 
  • Schedule-dependent activity of temozolomide plus CPT-11 against a human central nervous system tumor-derived xenograft. 
  • Second primary malignancies following the treatment of early stage ovarian cancer: update of a study by the National Cancer Institute of Canada--Clinical Trials Group (NCIC-CTG). 
  • Second-line chemotherapy for advanced hormone-refractory prostate cancer. 
  • Sensory pudendal nerve stimulation increases bladder capacity through sympathetic mechanisms in cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis rats. 
  • Serum elevation of B lymphocyte stimulator does not increase regulatory B cells in glioblastoma patients undergoing immunotherapy. 
  • Severe adverse immunologic reaction in a patient with glioblastoma receiving autologous dendritic cell vaccines combined with GM-CSF and dose-intensified temozolomide. 
  • Simvastatin suppresses cyclophosphamide-induced changes in urodynamics and bladder inflammation. 
  • Solid tumor second primary neoplasms: who is at risk, what can we do? 
  • Sorafenib, a multikinase inhibitor, enhances the response of melanoma to regional chemotherapy. 
  • Specificity protein 1-modulated superoxide dismutase 2 enhances temozolomide resistance in glioblastoma, which is independent of O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase. 
  • Stress stimuli induce cancer-stemness gene expression via Sp1 activation leading to therapeutic resistance in glioblastoma. 
  • Successful treatment of childhood pilocytic astrocytomas metastatic to the leptomeninges with high-dose cyclophosphamide. 
  • Sulfoxide-containing aromatic nitrogen mustards as hypoxia-directed bioreductive cytotoxins. 
  • Survival Outcomes of Elderly Patients With Glioblastoma Multiforme in Their 75th Year or Older Treated With Adjuvant Therapy. 
  • TNF-induced necroptosis and PARP-1-mediated necrosis represent distinct routes to programmed necrotic cell death. 
  • Targeting N-cadherin enhances antitumor activity of cytotoxic therapies in melanoma treatment. 
  • Temozolomide and treatment of malignant glioma. 
  • Temozolomide delivered by intracerebral microinfusion is safe and efficacious against malignant gliomas in rats. 
  • Temozolomide in children with progressive low-grade glioma. 
  • Temozolomide in early stages of newly diagnosed malignant glioma and neoplastic meningitis. 
  • Temozolomide is a novel regional infusion agent for the treatment of advanced extremity melanoma. 
  • Temozolomide treatment outcomes and immunotherapy efficacy in brain tumor. 
  • Temozolomide-induced flare in high-grade gliomas: a new clinical entity. 
  • The DNA-repair gene MGMT and the clinical response of gliomas to alkylating agents. 
  • The DNA-repair gene MGMT and the clinical response of gliomas to alkylating agents. 
  • The emerging role of irinotecan (CPT-11) in the treatment of malignant glioma in brain tumors. 
  • The fallacy of single-agent chemotherapy for cancer. 
  • The gene expression profiles of medulloblastoma cell lines resistant to preactivated cyclophosphamide. 
  • The relationship between intracellular and extracellular pH in spontaneous canine tumors. 
  • The role of hyperthermia in regional alkylating agent chemotherapy. 
  • Topical chemotherapy in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: positive results of a randomized, controlled, multicenter trial testing the efficacy and safety of a novel mechlorethamine, 0.02%, gel in mycosis fungoides. 
  • Transformation of alkylating regimen of thiotepa into tepa determines the disease progression through GSTP1 gene polymorphism for metastatic breast cancer patients receiving thiotepa containing salvage chemotherapy. 
  • Treatment of neoplastic meningitis with intrathecal temozolomide. 
  • Treatment of newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme. 
  • Treatment of patients with pineoblastoma with high dose cyclophosphamide. 
  • Treatment options for newly diagnosed patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. 
  • Triptolide, a novel immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory agent purified from a Chinese herb Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F. 
  • Tumor-targeted T cells modified to secrete IL-12 eradicate systemic tumors without need for prior conditioning. 
  • Verification of supraselective drug delivery for retinoblastoma using intra-arterial gadolinium. 
  • Verification of supraselective drug delivery for retinoblastoma using intra-arterial gadolinium. 
  • Visual improvement despite radiologically stable disease after treatment with carboplatin in children with progressive low-grade optic/thalamic gliomas. 
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  Keywords of People

  • Chen, Jun, Professor of Medicine, Duke Cancer Institute
  • McLendon, Roger Edwin, Professor of Pathology, Pathology
  • Sampson, John Howard, Robert H., M.D. and Gloria Wilkins Professor of Neurosurgery, in the School of Medicine, Biomedical Engineering