Phantoms, Imaging

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  Subject Areas on Research

  • 3-D phantom and in vivo cardiac speckle tracking using a matrix array and raw echo data. 
  • 3D refraction correction and extraction of clinical parameters from spectral domain optical coherence tomography of the cornea. 
  • 3D task-transfer function representation of the signal transfer properties of low-contrast lesions in FBP- and iterative-reconstructed CT. 
  • 4D XCAT phantom for multimodality imaging research. 
  • 4D micro-CT for cardiac and perfusion applications with view under sampling. 
  • 4D micro-CT using fast prospective gating. 
  • 4D offline PET-based treatment verification in scanned ion beam therapy: a phantom study. 
  • 6D image guidance for spinal non-invasive stereotactic body radiation therapy: Comparison between ExacTrac X-ray 6D with kilo-voltage cone-beam CT. 
  • A 3D model of non-uniform attenuation and detector response for efficient iterative reconstruction in SPECT. 
  • A 3D wavelet fusion approach for the reconstruction of isotropic-resolution MR images from orthogonal anisotropic-resolution scans. 
  • A Case for Wide-Angle Breast Tomosynthesis. 
  • A Monte Carlo and physical phantom evaluation of quantitative In-111 SPECT. 
  • A Monte Carlo based method to estimate radiation dose from multidetector CT (MDCT): cylindrical and anthropomorphic phantoms. 
  • A Monte Carlo simulation framework for electron beam dose calculations using Varian phase space files for TrueBeam Linacs. 
  • A NOVEL APPROACH FOR EFFECTIVE DOSE MEASUREMENTS IN DUAL-ENERGY CT. 
  • A Novel method to generate on-board 4D MRI using prior 4D MRI and on-board kV projections from a conventional LINAC for target localization in liver SBRT. 
  • A Technique for Generating Volumetric Cine-Magnetic Resonance Imaging. 
  • A comparative contrast-detail study of five medical displays. 
  • A comparison of radial keyhole strategies for high spatial and temporal resolution 4D contrast-enhanced MRI in small animal tumor models. 
  • A composite kidney stone phantom with mechanical properties controllable over the range of human kidney stones. 
  • A comprehensive evaluation of the PRESAGE/optical-CT 3D dosimetry system. 
  • A comprehensive investigation of the accuracy and reproducibility of a multitarget single isocenter VMAT radiosurgery technique. 
  • A comprehensive method for optical-emission computed tomography. 
  • A computer simulated phantom study of tomotherapy dose optimization based on probability density functions (PDF) and potential errors caused by low reproducibility of PDF. 
  • A directional distance aided method for medical image segmentation. 
  • A dose calculation method including scatter for IMRT optimization. 
  • A dose-reconstruction study of the 1997 Sarov criticality accident using animated dosimetry techniques. 
  • A fast poly-energetic iterative FBP algorithm. 
  • A fast spin echo technique with circular sampling. 
  • A feasibility study using radiochromic films for fast neutron 2D passive dosimetry. 
  • A filtered backprojection algorithm for axial head motion correction in fan-beam SPECT. 
  • A hardware investigation of robotic SPECT for functional and molecular imaging onboard radiation therapy systems. 
  • A heterogeneous human tissue mimicking phantom for RF heating and MRI thermal monitoring verification. 
  • A high-temperature superconducting Helmholtz probe for microscopy at 9.4 T. 
  • A limited-angle intrafraction verification (LIVE) system for radiation therapy. 
  • A line-source method for aligning on-board and other pinhole SPECT systems. 
  • A low-cost, portable, and quantitative spectral imaging system for application to biological tissues. 
  • A method for determining multileaf collimator transmission and scatter for dynamic intensity modulated radiotherapy. 
  • A method for direct localized sound speed estimates using registered virtual detectors. 
  • A method for modifying the image quality parameters of digital radiographic images. 
  • A method of MRI-based thermal modelling for a RF phased array. 
  • A method to measure arbitrary k-space trajectories for rapid MR imaging. 
  • A method to study the characteristics of 3D dose distributions created by superposition of many intensity-modulated beams delivered via a slit aperture with multiple absorbing vanes. 
  • A methodology for image quality evaluation of advanced CT systems. 
  • A micromachine high frequency ultrasound scanner using photolithographic fabrication. 
  • A miniaturized catheter 2-D array for real-time, 3-D intracardiac echocardiography. 
  • A multiresolution approach to shear wave image reconstruction. 
  • A neural network-based method for spectral distortion correction in photon counting x-ray CT. 
  • A novel approach for distortion correction for X-ray image intensifiers. 
  • A novel digital tomosynthesis (DTS) reconstruction method using a deformation field map. 
  • A novel method of estimating effective dose from the point dose method: a case study--parathyroid CT scans. 
  • A novel physical anthropomorphic breast phantom for 2D and 3D x-ray imaging. 
  • A novel silicon array designed for intraoperative charged particle imaging. 
  • A novel technique for markerless, self-sorted 4D-CBCT: feasibility study. 
  • A parallel tracking method for acoustic radiation force impulse imaging. 
  • A phantom study on the positioning accuracy of the Novalis Body system. 
  • A positioning QA procedure for 2D/2D (kV/MV) and 3D/3D (CT/CBCT) image matching for radiotherapy patient setup. 
  • A practical three-dimensional dosimetry system for radiation therapy. 
  • A probability-based multi-cycle sorting method for 4D-MRI: A simulation study. 
  • A quality assurance method that utilizes 3D dosimetry and facilitates clinical interpretation. 
  • A quantitative metrology for performance characterization of five breast tomosynthesis systems based on an anthropomorphic phantom. 
  • A robust Monte Carlo model for the extraction of biological absorption and scattering in vivo. 
  • A round-robin gamma stereotactic radiosurgery dosimetry interinstitution comparison of calibration protocols. 
  • A set of 4D pediatric XCAT reference phantoms for multimodality research. 
  • A simple method for fabricating artificial kidney stones of different physical properties. 
  • A single-shot T2 mapping protocol based on echo-split gradient-spin-echo acquisition and parametric multiplexed sensitivity encoding based on projection onto convex sets reconstruction. 
  • A strategy for quantitative spectral imaging of tissue absorption and scattering using light emitting diodes and photodiodes. 
  • A technique for estimating 4D-CBCT using prior knowledge and limited-angle projections. 
  • A technique for on-board CT reconstruction using both kilovoltage and megavoltage beam projections for 3D treatment verification. 
  • A technique of intensity-modulated radiosurgery (IMRS) for spinal tumors. 
  • A technique of using gated-CT images to determine internal target volume (ITV) for fractionated stereotactic lung radiotherapy. 
  • A technique optimization protocol and the potential for dose reduction in digital mammography. 
  • A two-dimensional array for B-mode and volumetric imaging with multiplexed electrostrictive elements. 
  • A wavelet-based method for removal of out-of-plane structures in digital tomosynthesis. 
  • Abdominal multislice CT for obese patients: effect on image quality and radiation dose in a phantom study. 
  • Ability of MR cholangiography to reveal stent position and luminal diameter in patients with biliary endoprostheses: in vitro measurements and in vivo results in 30 patients. 
  • Accelerating EPI distortion correction by utilizing a modern GPU-based parallel computation. 
  • Accelerating reconstruction of reference digital tomosynthesis using graphics hardware. 
  • Accounting for the Spatial Observation Window in the 2-D Fourier Transform Analysis of Shear Wave Attenuation. 
  • Accuracy of effective dose estimation in personal dosimetry: a comparison between single-badge and double-badge methods and the MOSFET method. 
  • Accuracy of respiratory motion measurement of 4D-MRI: A comparison between cine and sequential acquisition. 
  • Accurate assessment and prediction of noise in clinical CT images. 
  • Accurate event-driven motion compensation in high-resolution PET incorporating scattered and random events. 
  • Acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) imaging of the gastrointestinal tract. 
  • Acoustic radiation force impulse imaging (ARFI) on an IVUS circular array. 
  • Acoustic radiation force impulse imaging: In vivo demonstration of clinical feasibility 
  • Acoustic radiation force-driven assessment of myocardial elasticity using the displacement ratio rate (DRR) method. 
  • Active adjoint modeling method in microwave induced thermoacoustic tomography for breast tumor. 
  • Adaptation and applications of a realistic digital phantom based on patient lung tumor trajectories. 
  • Adaptive algebraic reconstruction technique. 
  • Adaptive portal CT reconstruction: a simulation study. 
  • Adaptive prediction of internal target motion using external marker motion: a technical study. 
  • Air kerma based dosimetry calibration for the Leksell Gamma Knife. 
  • Algorithms and functionality of an intensity modulated radiotherapy optimization system. 
  • An EM algorithm for estimating SPECT emission and transmission parameters from emissions data only. 
  • An analysis of the mechanical parameters used for finite element compression of a high-resolution 3D breast phantom. 
  • An analysis of the uncertainty and bias in DCE-MRI measurements using the spoiled gradient-recalled echo pulse sequence. 
  • An analytic model of pinhole aperture penetration for 3D pinhole SPECT image reconstruction. 
  • An angle-dependent estimation of CT x-ray spectrum from rotational transmission measurements. 
  • An augmented Lagrangian based compressed sensing reconstruction for non-Cartesian magnetic resonance imaging without gridding and regridding at every iteration. 
  • An automated intensity-weighted brachytherapy seed localization algorithm. 
  • An efficient polyenergetic SART (pSART) reconstruction algorithm for quantitative myocardial CT perfusion. 
  • An electronic device for needle placement during sonographically guided percutaneous intervention. 
  • An image-guided technique for planning and verification of supine craniospinal irradiation. 
  • An improved gridding method for spiral MRI using nonuniform fast Fourier transform. 
  • An in-house protocol for improved flood field calibration of TrueBeam FFF cine imaging. 
  • An integrated indenter-ARFI imaging system for tissue stiffness quantification. 
  • An interprojection sensor fusion approach to estimate blocked projection signal in synchronized moving grid-based CBCT system. 
  • An investigation into the dosimetry of a nine-field tomotherapy irradiation using BANG-gel dosimetry. 
  • An observer study for direct comparison of clinical efficacy of electronic to film portal images. 
  • An observer study methodology for evaluating detection of motion abnormalities in gated myocardial perfusion SPECT. 
  • Analysis and modeling of an ultrasound-modulated guide star to increase the depth of focusing in a turbid medium. 
  • Analysis of image quality for real-time target tracking using simultaneous kV-MV imaging. 
  • Analysis of rapid multi-focal-zone ARFI imaging. 
  • Analysis of uncertainties in Monte Carlo simulated organ and effective dose in chest CT: scanner- and scan-related factors. 
  • Analytic determination of the pinhole collimator's point-spread function and RMS resolution with penetration. 
  • Analytical versus voxelized phantom representation for Monte Carlo simulation in radiological imaging. 
  • Angular scatter ultrasound imaging of wavelength scale targets. 
  • Anthropomorphic versus geometric chest phantoms: a comparison of scatter properties. 
  • Application of k-space energy spectrum analysis to susceptibility field mapping and distortion correction in gradient-echo EPI. 
  • Approximate 3D iterative reconstruction for SPECT. 
  • Arterial waveguide model for shear wave elastography: implementation and in vitro validation. 
  • Assessing task performance in FFDM, DBT, and synthetic mammography using uniform and anthropomorphic physical phantoms. 
  • Assessment of individual organ doses in a realistic human phantom from neutron and gamma stimulated spectroscopy of the breast and liver. 
  • Assessment of multi-directional MTF for breast tomosynthesis. 
  • Assessment of the dose reduction potential of a model-based iterative reconstruction algorithm using a task-based performance metrology. 
  • Assessment of volumetric noise and resolution performance for linear and nonlinear CT reconstruction methods. 
  • Astigmatic single photon emission computed tomography imaging with a displaced center of rotation. 
  • Attenuation correction in hybrid positron emission tomography. 
  • Automated Technique to Measure Noise in Clinical CT Examinations. 
  • Automated flight path planning for virtual endoscopy. 
  • Automated whole-brain N-acetylaspartate proton MRS quantification. 
  • Automatic registration between reference and on-board digital tomosynthesis images for positioning verification. 
  • Autonomous surgical robotics using 3-D ultrasound guidance: feasibility study. 
  • Benchtop and Initial Clinical Evaluation of the ShockPulse Stone Eliminator in Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy. 
  • Biplane correlation imaging: a feasibility study based on phantom and human data. 
  • Breast cancer detection using high-density flexible electrode arrays and electrical impedance tomography. 
  • Breast tumour imaging using incomplete circular orbit pinhole SPET: a phantom study. 
  • CT breast dose reduction with the use of breast positioning and organ-based tube current modulation. 
  • CT-based ballistic wound path identification and trajectory analysis in anatomic ballistic phantoms. 
  • Calcified vascular plaque specimens: assessment with cardiac dual-energy multidetector CT in anthropomorphically moving heart phantom. 
  • Calculation of attenuation factors from combined singles and coincidence emission projections. 
  • Can compression be reduced for breast tomosynthesis? Monte carlo study on mass and microcalcification conspicuity in tomosynthesis. 
  • Characteristic image quality of a third generation dual-source MDCT scanner: Noise, resolution, and detectability. 
  • Characterization of 3-Dimensional PET Systems for Accurate Quantification of Myocardial Blood Flow. 
  • Characterization of MOSFET Dosimeter Angular Response Using a Spherical Phantom for Fluoroscopic Dosimetry. 
  • Characterization of X-ray scattering for various phantoms and clinical breast geometries using breast CT on a dedicated hybrid system. 
  • Characterization of adrenal lesions: comparison of 2D and 3D dual gradient-echo MR imaging at 3 T--preliminary results. 
  • Characterization of septal penetration in 511 keV SPECT. 
  • Characterizing acoustic attenuation of homogeneous media using focused impulsive acoustic radiation force. 
  • Characterizing the contribution of cardiac and hepatic uptake in dedicated breast SPECT using tilted trajectories. 
  • Classification and 3D averaging with missing wedge correction in biological electron tomography. 
  • Clinical commissioning and use of the Novalis Tx linear accelerator for SRS and SBRT. 
  • Clinical evaluation of combined spatial compounding and adaptive imaging in breast tissue. 
  • Clinical implementation of AAPM TG61 protocol for kilovoltage x-ray beam dosimetry. 
  • Clinical results of a novel wide beam reconstruction method for shortening scan time of Tc-99m cardiac SPECT perfusion studies. 
  • Combining scatter reduction and correction to improve image quality in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). 
  • Combining spin echoes with gradient echoes in the context of the global coherent free precession pulse sequence. 
  • Compact point-detection fluorescence spectroscopy system for quantifying intrinsic fluorescence redox ratio in brain cancer diagnostics. 
  • Comparative scatter and dose performance of slot-scan and full-field digital chest radiography systems. 
  • Comparison of 3-D multi-lag cross- correlation and speckle brightness aberration correction algorithms on static and moving targets. 
  • Comparison of Broad vs Narrow Focal Width Lithotripter Fields. 
  • Comparison of Radiation Exposure from Fixed Table Fluoroscopy to a Portable C-Arm During Ureteroscopy. 
  • Comparison of edge analysis techniques for the determination of the MTF of digital radiographic systems. 
  • Comparison of low-contrast detectability between two CT reconstruction algorithms using voxel-based 3D printed textured phantoms. 
  • Comparison of patient size-based methods for estimating quantum noise in CT images of the lung. 
  • Comparison of patient specific dose metrics between chest radiography, tomosynthesis, and CT for adult patients of wide ranging body habitus. 
  • Comparison of radiation dose estimates and scan performance in pediatric high-resolution thoracic CT for volumetric 320-detector row, helical 64-detector row, and noncontiguous axial scan acquisitions. 
  • Comparison of radiation dose estimates, image noise, and scan duration in pediatric body imaging for volumetric and helical modes on 320-detector CT and helical mode on 64-detector CT. 
  • Comparison of radiation doses between cone beam CT and multi detector CT: TLD measurements. 
  • Comparison of similarity measures for rigid-body CT/Dual X-ray image registrations. 
  • Comparison of sonographic and CT guidance techniques: does CT fluoroscopy decrease procedure time? 
  • Comparison of the Nanopulse Lithotripter to the Holmium Laser: Stone Fragmentation Efficiency and Impact on Flexible Ureteroscope Deflection and Flow. 
  • Complementary coded apertures for 4-dimensional x-ray coherent scatter imaging. 
  • Comprehensive analysis of the Cramer-Rao bounds for magnetic resonance temperature change measurement in fat-water voxels using multi-echo imaging. 
  • Compressed sensing reconstruction for whole-heart imaging with 3D radial trajectories: a graphics processing unit implementation. 
  • Computed tomography dose index and dose length product for cone-beam CT: Monte Carlo simulations. 
  • Computer-aided liver volumetry: performance of a fully-automated, prototype post-processing solution for whole-organ and lobar segmentation based on MDCT imaging. 
  • Computer-simulated radiation dose reduction for abdominal multidetector CT of pediatric patients. 
  • Cone-beam CT localization of internal target volumes for stereotactic body radiotherapy of lung lesions. 
  • Cone-beam-CT guided radiation therapy: technical implementation. 
  • Continuous delay estimation with polynomial splines. 
  • Contour based respiratory motion analysis for free breathing CT. 
  • Contrast echocardiography: influence of ultrasonic machine settings, mixing conditions, and pressurization on pixel intensity and microsphere size of Albunex solutions in vitro. 
  • Contrast material administration protocols for 64-MDCT angiography: altering volume and rate and use of a saline chaser to better match the imaging window--physiologic phantom study. 
  • Contrast-detail analysis of three flat panel detectors for digital radiography. 
  • Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography: first-pass arterial enhancement as a function of gadolinium-chelate concentration, and the saline chaser volume and injection rate. 
  • Convolution-based estimation of organ dose in tube current modulated CT. 
  • Coronary stent patency: dual-energy multidetector CT assessment in a pilot study with anthropomorphic phantom. 
  • Correction for EPI distortions using multi-echo gradient-echo imaging. 
  • Correction for direction-dependent distortions in diffusion tensor imaging using matched magnetic field maps. 
  • Correction of breathing-induced errors in magnetic resonance thermometry of hyperthermia using multiecho field fitting techniques. 
  • Correction of hysteretic respiratory motion in SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging: Simulation and patient studies. 
  • Cost-effective diffuse reflectance spectroscopy device for quantifying tissue absorption and scattering in vivo. 
  • Cost-effective, Reusable, Leak-resistant Ultrasound-guided Vascular Access Trainer. 
  • Decreased detection of hypovascular liver tumors with MDCT in obese patients: a phantom study. 
  • Decreasing the radiation dose for renal stone CT: a feasibility study of single- and multidetector CT. 
  • Deep-tissue anatomical imaging of mice using carbon nanotube fluorophores in the second near-infrared window. 
  • Dependency of prescribed CT dose on table height, patient size, and localizer acquisition for one clinical MDCT. 
  • Design and optimization of an ultra wideband and compact microwave antenna for radiometric monitoring of brain temperature. 
  • Detection of colonic polyps in a phantom model: implications for virtual colonoscopy data acquisition. 
  • Detection of subtle lung nodules: relative influence of quantum and anatomic noise on chest radiographs. 
  • Detection of vesicoureteral reflux using microwave radiometry-system characterization with tissue phantoms. 
  • Detector or system? Extending the concept of detective quantum efficiency to characterize the performance of digital radiographic imaging systems. 
  • Determination of mechanical and electronic shifts for pinhole SPECT using a single point source. 
  • Determination of patient radiation dose during ureteroscopic treatment of urolithiasis using a validated model. 
  • Deterministic and stochastic features of fMRI data: implications for analysis of event-related experiments. 
  • Development and application of a suite of 4-D virtual breast phantoms for optimization and evaluation of breast imaging systems. 
  • Development and characterization of a vitreous mimicking material for radiation force imaging. 
  • Development of a 4-D digital mouse phantom for molecular imaging research. 
  • Development of a fluorescence detection system using optical parametric oscillator (OPO) laser excitation for in vivo diagnosis. 
  • Development of a model of the coronary arterial tree for the 4D XCAT phantom. 
  • Development of realistic physical breast phantoms matched to virtual breast phantoms based on human subject data. 
  • Diagnostic Performance of an Advanced Modeled Iterative Reconstruction Algorithm for Low-Contrast Detectability with a Third-Generation Dual-Source Multidetector CT Scanner: Potential for Radiation Dose Reduction in a Multireader Study. 
  • Diffusion model for ultrasound-modulated light. 
  • Diffusion tensor imaging fiber tracking with local tissue property sensitivity: phantom and in vivo validation. 
  • Digital anthropomorphic phantoms of non-rigid human respiratory and voluntary body motion for investigating motion correction in emission imaging. 
  • Digital chest radiography with a solid-state flat-panel x-ray detector: contrast-detail evaluation with processed images printed on film hard copy. 
  • Digital tomosynthesis: a new technique for imaging nephrolithiasis. Specific organ doses and effective doses compared with renal stone protocol noncontrast computed tomography. 
  • Direction-dependent localization errors in SPECT images. 
  • Dosimetric Analysis of Microscopic Disease in SBRT for Lung Cancers. 
  • Dosimetric feasibility of cone-beam CT-based treatment planning compared to CT-based treatment planning. 
  • Dosimetric verification of lung cancer treatment using the CBCTs estimated from limited-angle on-board projections. 
  • Dosimetry tools and techniques for IMRT. 
  • Double-illumination photoacoustic microscopy. 
  • Dual energy versus single energy MDCT: measurement of radiation dose using adult abdominal imaging protocols. 
  • Dual lumen transducer probes for real-time 3-D interventional cardiac ultrasound. 
  • Dual-Source Single-Energy Multidetector CT Used to Obtain Multiple Radiation Exposure Levels within the Same Patient: Phantom Development and Clinical Validation. 
  • Dual-energy MDCT in hypervascular liver tumors: effect of body size on selection of the optimal monochromatic energy level. 
  • Dual-energy contrast-enhanced breast tomosynthesis: optimization of beam quality for dose and image quality. 
  • Dual-energy multi-detector row CT with virtual monochromatic imaging for improving patient-to-patient uniformity of aortic enhancement during CT angiography: an in vitro and in vivo study. 
  • Dual-mode IVUS catheter for intracranial image-guided hyperthermia: feasibility study. 
  • Dual-mode IVUS transducer for image-guided brain therapy: preliminary experiments. 
  • Dual-mode intracranial catheter integrating 3D ultrasound imaging and hyperthermia for neuro-oncology: feasibility study. 
  • Dynamic splitting of large intensity-modulated fields. 
  • Dynamics of bubble oscillation in constrained media and mechanisms of vessel rupture in SWL. 
  • Dynamics of polymerization in polyacrylamide gel (PAG) dosimeters: (I) ageing and long-term stability. 
  • Early first trimester fetal dose estimation method in a multivendor study of 16- and 64-MDCT scanners and low-dose imaging protocols. 
  • Early first-trimester fetal radiation dose estimation in 16-MDCT without and with automated tube current modulation. 
  • Effect of Radiation Dose Reduction and Reconstruction Algorithm on Image Noise, Contrast, Resolution, and Detectability of Subtle Hypoattenuating Liver Lesions at Multidetector CT: Filtered Back Projection versus a Commercial Model-based Iterative Reconstruction Algorithm. 
  • Effect of a Noise-Optimized Second-Generation Monoenergetic Algorithm on Image Noise and Conspicuity of Hypervascular Liver Tumors: An In Vitro and In Vivo Study. 
  • Effect of automatic tube current modulation on radiation dose and image quality for low tube voltage multidetector row CT angiography: phantom study. 
  • Effect of beam hardening on arterial enhancement in thoracoabdominal CT angiography with increasing patient size: an in vitro and in vivo study. 
  • Effect of graphite concentration on shear-wave speed in gelatin-based tissue-mimicking phantoms. 
  • Effect of lithotripter focal width on stone comminution in shock wave lithotripsy. 
  • Effect of optical clearing agents on the in vivo optical properties of squamous epithelial tissue. 
  • Effect of patient size on radiation dose for abdominal MDCT with automatic tube current modulation: phantom study. 
  • Effect of registration errors between transmission and emission scans on a SPECT system using sequential scanning. 
  • Effect of respiratory motion on lung counting efficiency using a 4D NURBS-based cardio-torso (NCAT) phantom. 
  • Effect of varying injection rates of a saline chaser on aortic enhancement in CT angiography: phantom study. 
  • Effective DQE (eDQE) and speed of digital radiographic systems: an experimental methodology. 
  • Effective DQE (eDQE) for monoscopic and stereoscopic chest radiography imaging systems with the incorporation of anatomical noise. 
  • Effective dose and dose-length product in CT. 
  • Effective dose determination using an anthropomorphic phantom and metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor technology for clinical adult body multidetector array computed tomography protocols. 
  • Effective dose efficiency: an application-specific metric of quality and dose for digital radiography. 
  • Effects of Stone Size on the Comminution Process and Efficiency in Shock Wave Lithotripsy. 
  • Effects of automatic tube potential selection on radiation dose index, image quality, and lesion detectability in pediatric abdominopelvic CT and CTA: a phantom study. 
  • Effects of nonionic intravenous contrast agents at PET/CT imaging: phantom and canine studies. 
  • Effects of processing conditions on mammographic image quality. 
  • Effects of protocol and obesity on dose conversion factors in adult body CT. 
  • Effects of superparamagnetic iron oxide on radio-frequency-induced temperature distribution: in vitro measurements in polyacrylamide phantoms and in vivo results in a rabbit liver model. 
  • Effects of x-ray and CT image enhancements on the robustness and accuracy of a rigid 3D/2D image registration. 
  • Efficient fourier-wavelet super-resolution. 
  • Electric fields in tumors exposed to external voltage sources: implication for electric field-mediated drug and gene delivery. 
  • Electroconvulsive therapy in the presence of deep brain stimulation implants: electric field effects. 
  • Electromagnetohydrodynamic modeling of Lorentz effect imaging. 
  • Enhancing ejection fraction measurement through 4D respiratory motion compensation in cardiac PET imaging. 
  • Establishing a framework to implement 4D XCAT phantom for 4D radiotherapy research. 
  • Estimating 4D-CBCT from prior information and extremely limited angle projections using structural PCA and weighted free-form deformation for lung radiotherapy. 
  • Estimation of Radiation Dose in CT Based on Projection Data. 
  • Estimation of absorbed doses from paediatric cone-beam CT scans: MOSFET measurements and Monte Carlo simulations. 
  • Estimation of error in maximal intensity projection-based internal target volume of lung tumors: a simulation and comparison study using dynamic magnetic resonance imaging. 
  • Estimation of radiation exposure for brain perfusion CT: standard protocol compared with deviations in protocol. 
  • Estimation of the heart respiratory motion with applications for cone beam computed tomography imaging: a simulation study. 
  • Evaluating iterative reconstruction performance in computed tomography. 
  • Evaluating the Improvement in Shear Wave Speed Image Quality Using Multidimensional Directional Filters in the Presence of Reflection Artifacts. 
  • Evaluation of Low-Contrast Detectability of Iterative Reconstruction across Multiple Institutions, CT Scanner Manufacturers, and Radiation Exposure Levels. 
  • Evaluation of a 2D diode array for IMRT quality assurance. 
  • Evaluation of a dual-arm Archimedean spiral array for microwave hyperthermia. 
  • Evaluation of a quality control phantom for digital chest radiography. 
  • Evaluation of contrast enhancement by carbon nanotubes for microwave-induced thermoacoustic tomography. 
  • Evaluation of fully 3-D emission mammotomography with a compact cadmium zinc telluride detector. 
  • Evaluation of integrated respiratory gating systems on a Novalis Tx system. 
  • Evaluation of monoenergetic imaging to reduce metallic instrumentation artifacts in computed tomography of the cervical spine. 
  • Evaluation of patient effective dose of neurovascular imaging protocols for C-arm cone-beam CT. 
  • Evaluation of pseudoenhancement of renal cysts during contrast-enhanced CT. 
  • Evaluation of quantitative imaging methods for organ activity and residence time estimation using a population of phantoms having realistic variations in anatomy and uptake. 
  • Evaluation of the absorbed dose to the breast using radiochromic film in a dedicated CT mammotomography system employing a quasi-monochromatic x-ray beam. 
  • Evaluation of the effect of respiratory and anatomical variables on a Fourier technique for markerless, self-sorted 4D-CBCT. 
  • Evaluation of three types of reference image data for external beam radiotherapy target localization using digital tomosynthesis (DTS). 
  • Evaluation of tilted cone-beam CT orbits in the development of a dedicated hybrid mammotomograph. 
  • Evaluation of two objective methods to optimize kVp and personnel exposure using a digital indirect flat panel detector and simulated veterinary patients. 
  • Evaluation of variable line-shape models and prior information in automated 1H spectroscopic imaging analysis. 
  • ExacTrac X-ray 6 degree-of-freedom image-guidance for intracranial non-invasive stereotactic radiotherapy: comparison with kilo-voltage cone-beam CT. 
  • Experimental 3D dosimetry around a high-dose-rate clinical 192Ir source using a polyacrylamide gel (PAG) dosimeter. 
  • Experimental and numerical analysis of short-pulse laser interaction with tissue phantoms containing inhomogeneities. 
  • Experimental detection of iron overload in liver through neutron stimulated emission spectroscopy. 
  • Experimental spectral measurements of heavy K-edge filtered beams for x-ray computed mammotomography. 
  • Experimental validation of an inverse fluorescence Monte Carlo model to extract concentrations of metabolically relevant fluorophores from turbid phantoms and a murine tumor model. 
  • Experimental velocity profiles and volumetric flow via two-dimensional speckle tracking. 
  • Experimental verification of T-matrix-based inverse light scattering analysis for assessing structure of spheroids as models of cell nuclei. 
  • Experiments with the nonlinear and chaotic behaviour of the multiplicative algebraic reconstruction technique (MART) algorithm for computed tomography. 
  • Extension of RPI-adult male and female computational phantoms to obese patients and a Monte Carlo study of the effect on CT imaging dose. 
  • Extension of the NCAT phantom for the investigation of intra-fraction respiratory motion in IMRT using 4D Monte Carlo. 
  • Eye dose assessment and management: overview. 
  • FDG imaging of lung nodules: a phantom study comparing SPECT, camera-based PET, and dedicated PET. 
  • Fast modelling of the collimator-detector response in Monte Carlo simulation of SPECT imaging using the angular response function. 
  • Fast reconstruction of digital tomosynthesis using on-board images. 
  • Feasibility of Swept Synthetic Aperture Ultrasound Imaging. 
  • Feasibility of using the computed tomography dose indices to estimate radiation dose to partially and fully irradiated brains in pediatric neuroradiology examinations. 
  • Feasibility of whole-body functional mouse imaging using helical pinhole SPECT. 
  • Feasibility study for real time three dimensional Doppler intracardiac echocardiography. 
  • Feasibility study of a synchronized-moving-grid (SMOG) system to improve image quality in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). 
  • Fiber-optic detector for real time dosimetry of a micro-planar x-ray beam. 
  • Finite-element modeling of compression and gravity on a population of breast phantoms for multimodality imaging simulation. 
  • Flow quantification using fast cine phase-contrast MR imaging, conventional cine phase-contrast MR imaging, and Doppler sonography: in vitro and in vivo validation. 
  • Focal cystic high-attenuation lesions: characterization in renal phantom by using photon-counting spectral CT--improved differentiation of lesion composition. 
  • Formulation and characterisation of magnetic resonance imageable thermally sensitive liposomes for use with magnetic resonance-guided high intensity focused ultrasound. 
  • Four dimensional magnetic resonance imaging with retrospective k-space reordering: a feasibility study. 
  • Four-dimensional diffusion-weighted MR imaging (4D-DWI): a feasibility study. 
  • Frame rate considerations for real-time abdominal acoustic radiation force impulse imaging. 
  • Frameless angiogram-based stereotactic radiosurgery for treatment of arteriovenous malformations. 
  • Free of speckle ultrasound images of small tissue structures. 
  • Free-breathing abdominal MRI improved by repeated k-t-subsampling and artifact-minimization (ReKAM). 
  • Frictional contact mechanics methods for soft materials: application to tracking breast cancers. 
  • From the RSNA refresher courses: MR imaging in hyperthermia. 
  • Fully Bayesian estimation of Gibbs hyperparameters for emission computed tomography data. 
  • Functional cardiac CT and MR: effects of heart rate and software applications on measurement validity. 
  • Functional photoacoustic microscopy of pH. 
  • Fundamental imaging characteristics of a slot-scan digital chest radiographic system. 
  • Fuzzy logic guided inverse treatment planning. 
  • Gadolinium-conjugated gold nanoshells for multimodal diagnostic imaging and photothermal cancer therapy. 
  • Generation of a suite of 3D computer-generated breast phantoms from a limited set of human subject data. 
  • Geometric calibration for a dual tube/detector micro-CT system. 
  • Global cardiac function using fast breath-hold MRI: validation of new acquisition and analysis techniques. 
  • Gold nanocages: bioconjugation and their potential use as optical imaging contrast agents. 
  • Guidelines for Finite-Element Modeling of Acoustic Radiation Force-Induced Shear Wave Propagation in Tissue-Mimicking Media. 
  • Half-cone beam collimation for triple-camera SPECT systems. 
  • Harmonic source wavefront aberration correction for ultrasound imaging. 
  • Harmonic tracking of acoustic radiation force-induced displacements. 
  • Head and neck cancer: dedicated FDG PET/CT protocol for detection--phantom and initial clinical studies. 
  • Helical CT for nephrolithiasis and ureterolithiasis: comparison of conventional and reduced radiation-dose techniques. 
  • Heterodyne swept-source optical coherence tomography for complete complex conjugate ambiguity removal. 
  • High-Frame-Rate Deformation Imaging in Two Dimensions Using Continuous Speckle-Feature Tracking. 
  • High-Pitch Dual-Source MDCT for Imaging of the Thoracoabdominal Aorta: Relationships Among Radiation Dose, Noise, Pitch, and Body Size in a Phantom Experiment and Clinical Study. 
  • Highly accelerated MRI by skipped phase encoding and edge deghosting with array coil enhancement (SPEED-ACE). 
  • How does c-view image quality compare with conventional 2D FFDM? 
  • Human brain-structure resolved T(2) relaxation times of proton metabolites at 3 Tesla. 
  • Hybrid spectral CT reconstruction. 
  • Hyperpolarized 3He microspheres as a novel vascular signal source for MRI. 
  • Hyperthermia MRI temperature measurement: evaluation of measurement stabilisation strategies for extremity and breast tumours. 
  • Ice as a water-equivalent solid medium for brachytherapy dosimetric measurements. 
  • Image Gently Vendor Summit: working together for better estimates of pediatric radiation dose from CT. 
  • Image acquisition optimization of a limited-angle intrafraction verification (LIVE) system for lung radiotherapy. 
  • Image quality, tissue heating, and frame rate trade-offs in acoustic radiation force impulse imaging. 
  • Image-guided resection of embolized cerebral arteriovenous malformations based on catheter-based angiography. 
  • Imaging and localizing interventional devices by susceptibility mapping using MRI. 
  • Imaging appearance of surgical sponges at 1.5 T MRI: an in vitro study. 
  • Imaging arrays with improved transmit power capability. 
  • Impact of dual-energy multi-detector row CT with virtual monochromatic imaging on renal cyst pseudoenhancement: in vitro and in vivo study. 
  • Impact of holmium laser settings and fiber diameter on stone fragmentation and endoscope deflection. 
  • Impact of imaging approach on radiation dose and associated cancer risk in children undergoing cardiac catheterization. 
  • Impact of resolution and noise characteristics of digital radiographic detectors on the detectability of lung nodules. 
  • Implementation of an accelerated iterative algorithm for cone-beam SPECT. 
  • Implementation of dual-energy technique for virtual monochromatic and linearly mixed CBCTs. 
  • Implementation of radiochromic film dosimetry protocol for volumetric dose assessments to various organs during diagnostic CT procedures. 
  • Importance of point-by-point back projection correction for isocentric motion in digital breast tomosynthesis: relevance to morphology of structures such as microcalcifications. 
  • Improved aortic enhancement in CT angiography using slope-based triggering with table speed optimization: a pilot study. 
  • Improved hyperthermia treatment control using SAR/temperature simulation and PRFS magnetic resonance thermal imaging. 
  • Improved image reconstruction for partial Fourier gradient-echo echo-planar imaging (EPI). 
  • Improved magnetic resonance thermal imaging by combining proton resonance frequency shift (PRFS) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) data. 
  • Improving the quantitative accuracy of optical-emission computed tomography by incorporating an attenuation correction: application to HIF1 imaging. 
  • In vivo breast tissue backscatter measurements with 7.5- and 10-MHz transducers. 
  • In vivo characterization of tumor vasculature using iodine and gold nanoparticles and dual energy micro-CT. 
  • In vivo noninvasive detection of Brown Adipose Tissue through intermolecular zero-quantum MRI. 
  • In-vitro assessment of a new portable ballistic lithotripter with percutaneous and ureteroscopic models. 
  • Incorporation of a left ventricle finite element model defining infarction into the XCAT imaging phantom. 
  • Independent calculation of monitor units for VMAT and SPORT. 
  • Independent verification of gantry angle for pre-treatment VMAT QA using EPID. 
  • Influence of filter choice on 18F-FDG PET segmentation accuracy determined using generalized estimating equations. 
  • Instrumentation for multi-modal spectroscopic diagnosis of epithelial dysplasia. 
  • Integrated catheter for 3-D intracardiac echocardiography and ultrasound ablation. 
  • Integrated parallel reception, excitation, and shimming (iPRES) with multiple shim loops per radio-frequency coil element for improved B0 shimming. 
  • Intensity modulation optimization, lateral transport of radiation, and margins. 
  • Intensity-modulated radiotherapy by means of static tomotherapy: a planning and verification study. 
  • Interdependencies of acquisition, detection, and reconstruction techniques on the accuracy of iodine quantification in varying patient sizes employing dual-energy CT. 
  • Interleaved acquisition for cross scatter avoidance in dual cone-beam CT. 
  • Intracardiac catheter 2-D arrays on a silicon substrate. 
  • Intracardiac echocardiography and acoustic radiation force impulse imaging of a dynamic ex vivo ovine heart model. 
  • Intracranial dual-mode IVUS and hyperthermia using circular arrays: preliminary experiments. 
  • Introduction to neutron stimulated emission computed tomography. 
  • Investigating the accuracy of microstereotactic-body-radiotherapy utilizing anatomically accurate 3D printed rodent-morphic dosimeters. 
  • Investigation into image quality and dose for different patient geometries with multiple cone-beam CT systems. 
  • Investigation into the feasibility of using PRESAGE/optical-CT dosimetry for the verification of gating treatments. 
  • Investigation of sagittal image acquisition for 4D-MRI with body area as respiratory surrogate. 
  • Investigation of the feasibility of relative 3D dosimetry in the Radiologic Physics Center Head and Neck IMRT phantom using presage/optical-CT. 
  • Iodine quantification using dual-energy multidetector computed tomography imaging: phantom study assessing the impact of iterative reconstruction schemes and patient habitus on accuracy. 
  • Isolation and minimization of head motion-induced signal variations in fMRI data using independent component analysis. 
  • Iterative reconstruction algorithm for abdominal multidetector CT at different tube voltages: assessment of diagnostic accuracy, image quality, and radiation dose in a phantom study. 
  • Iterative reconstruction of single-shot spiral MRI with off resonance. 
  • Joint correction of Nyquist artifact and minuscule motion-induced aliasing artifact in interleaved diffusion weighted EPI data using a composite two-dimensional phase correction procedure. 
  • Kilovoltage cone-beam CT: comparative dose and image quality evaluations in partial and full-angle scan protocols. 
  • Lateral and axial measurement differences between spectral-domain optical coherence tomography systems. 
  • Least-square NUFFT methods applied to 2-D and 3-D radially encoded MR image reconstruction. 
  • Lesion detectability in diagnostic ultrasound with short-lag spatial coherence imaging. 
  • Lifetime Attributable Risk of Cancer From Radiation Exposure During Parathyroid Imaging: Comparison of 4D CT and Parathyroid Scintigraphy. 
  • Lipiodol: a potential direct surrogate for cone-beam computed tomography image guidance in radiotherapy of liver tumor. 
  • Liver ablation guidance with acoustic radiation force impulse imaging: challenges and opportunities. 
  • Liver fat quantification using a multi-step adaptive fitting approach with multi-echo GRE imaging. 
  • Logarithmic amplifier for computed tomography tasks using fluoroscopic projections. 
  • Longitudinal sampling and aliasing in spiral CT. 
  • Lorentz effect imaging. 
  • Low-tube-voltage, high-tube-current multidetector abdominal CT: improved image quality and decreased radiation dose with adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction algorithm--initial clinical experience. 
  • Lower-limb vascular imaging with acoustic radiation force elastography: demonstration of in vivo feasibility. 
  • MR image-guided portal verification for brain treatment field. 
  • MR imaging contrast enhancement based on intermolecular zero quantum coherences. 
  • MR liver imaging and cholangiography in the presence of surgical metallic clips at 1.5 and 3 Tesla. 
  • MRXCAT: Realistic numerical phantoms for cardiovascular magnetic resonance. 
  • Magnetic resonance imaging versus multislice computed tomography of thoracic aortic endografts. 
  • Magnetic resonance microscopic imaging based on high-order intermolecular multiple-quantum coherences. 
  • Magnetization structure contrast based on intermolecular multiple-quantum coherences. 
  • Mammotomography with pinhole incomplete circular orbit SPECT. 
  • Markerless lung tumor tracking and trajectory reconstruction using rotational cone-beam projections: a feasibility study. 
  • Maximum intensity projection (MIP) imaging using slice-stacking MRI. 
  • Maximum-Intensity-Projection and Computer-Aided-Detection Algorithms as Stand-Alone Reader Devices in Lung Cancer Screening Using Different Dose Levels and Reconstruction Kernels. 
  • Measurement of regional lung function in rats using hyperpolarized 3helium dynamic MRI. 
  • Measurement of the aorta and its branches with helical CT. 
  • Memory artifact related to selenium-based digital radiography systems. 
  • Methodology for generating a 3D computerized breast phantom from empirical data. 
  • Methods for transferring patient and plan data between radiotherapy treatment planning systems. 
  • Metrology Standards for Quantitative Imaging Biomarkers. 
  • Microwave breast imaging: 3-D forward scattering simulation. 
  • Microwave-induced thermal acoustic tomography for breast tumor based on compressive sensing. 
  • Minimizing image noise in on-board CT reconstruction using both kilovoltage and megavoltage beam projections. 
  • Mn porphyrins as novel molecular magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents. 
  • Mn-porphyrins as novel molecular magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents. 
  • Model-based CT performance assessment and optimization for iodinated and noniodinated imaging tasks as a function of kVp and body size. 
  • Modeling the axial extension of a transmission line source within iterative reconstruction via multiple transmission sources. 
  • Molecular imaging of small animals with a triple-head SPECT system using pinhole collimation. 
  • Monte Carlo analysis of beam blocking grid design parameters: Scatter estimation and the importance of electron backscatter. 
  • Monte Carlo-based inverse model for calculating tissue optical properties. Part I: Theory and validation on synthetic phantoms. 
  • Multi-spin echo spatial encoding provides three-fold improvement of temperature precision during intermolecular zero quantum thermometry. 
  • Multiple local minima in IMRT optimization based on dose-volume criteria. 
  • Multiprojection correlation imaging for improved detection of pulmonary nodules. 
  • Multisite, multivendor validation of the accuracy and reproducibility of proton-density fat-fraction quantification at 1.5T and 3T using a fat-water phantom. 
  • Multisphere phantom and analysis algorithm for PET image quality assessment. 
  • Neutron-stimulated emission computed tomography of a multi-element phantom. 
  • Noise characterization of supercontinuum sources for low-coherence interferometry applications. 
  • Non-invasive measurement of brain temperature with microwave radiometry: demonstration in a head phantom and clinical case. 
  • Noninvasive assessment of wall-shear rate and vascular elasticity using combined ARFI/SWEI/spectral Doppler imaging system. 
  • Noninvasive cineangiography by magnetic resonance global coherent free precession. 
  • Noninvasive temperature mapping with MRI using chemical shift water-fat separation. 
  • Normal and pathological NCAT image and phantom data based on physiologically realistic left ventricle finite-element models. 
  • Novel acoustic radiation force impulse imaging methods for visualization of rapidly moving tissue. 
  • Obesity triples the radiation dose of stone protocol computerized tomography. 
  • Observation of coupled 1H metabolite resonances at long TE. 
  • Observer detection limits for a dedicated SPECT breast imaging system. 
  • On System-Dependent Sources of Uncertainty and Bias in Ultrasonic Quantitative Shear-Wave Imaging. 
  • On the feasibility of remote palpation using acoustic radiation force. 
  • On the precision of time-of-flight shear wave speed estimation in homogeneous soft solids: initial results using a matrix array transducer. 
  • On the sensitivity of TG-119 and IROC credentialing to TPS commissioning errors. 
  • On the sensitivity of TG-119 and IROC credentialing to TPS commissioning errors. 
  • On-axis sensitivity and resolution of a slit-slat collimator. 
  • On-board SPECT for localizing functional targets: a simulation study. 
  • On-board four-dimensional digital tomosynthesis: first experimental results. 
  • Onboard functional and molecular imaging: a design investigation for robotic multipinhole SPECT. 
  • Oncologic image compression using both wavelet and masking techniques. 
  • Online feedback focusing algorithm for hyperthermia cancer treatment. 
  • Optical clearing-aided photoacoustic microscopy with enhanced resolution and imaging depth. 
  • Optical coherence contrast imaging using gold nanorods in living mice eyes. 
  • Optical tracking of acoustic radiation force impulse-induced dynamics in a tissue-mimicking phantom. 
  • Optical tracking of superficial dynamics from an acoustic radiation force-induced excitation. 
  • Optical-CT gel-dosimetry I: basic investigations. 
  • Optimal contrast concentration for CT-guided epidural steroid injections. 
  • Optimization of a widefield structured illumination microscope for non-destructive assessment and quantification of nuclear features in tumor margins of a primary mouse model of sarcoma. 
  • Optimization of eight-element multi-detector row helical CT technology for evaluation of the abdomen. 
  • Optimization of exposure parameters in full field digital mammography. 
  • Optimization of inverse treatment planning using a fuzzy weight function. 
  • Optimization of multiplanar reformations from isotropic data sets acquired with 16-detector row helical CT scanner. 
  • Optimization of reduced-dose MDCT of thoracic aorta using iterative reconstruction. 
  • Optimization of the matrix inversion tomosynthesis (MITS) impulse response and modulation transfer function characteristics for chest imaging. 
  • Optimization of treatment strategy used during shockwave lithotripsy to maximize stone fragmentation efficiency. 
  • Optimized distortion correction technique for echo planar imaging. 
  • Organ doses, effective doses, and risk indices in adult CT: comparison of four types of reference phantoms across different examination protocols. 
  • Organ localization: toward prospective patient-specific organ dosimetry in computed tomography. 
  • Organ-based dose current modulation and thyroid shields: techniques of radiation dose reduction for neck CT. 
  • Organ-specific radiation dose rates and effective dose rates during percutaneous nephrolithotomy. 
  • PROPELLER EPI: an MRI technique suitable for diffusion tensor imaging at high field strength with reduced geometric distortions. 
  • Patient-based estimation of organ dose for a population of 58 adult patients across 13 protocol categories. 
  • Patient-specific dose estimation for pediatric chest CT. 
  • Patient-specific quantification of image quality: An automated method for measuring spatial resolution in clinical CT images. 
  • Patient-specific quantification of image quality: An automated technique for measuring the distribution of organ Hounsfield units in clinical chest CT images. 
  • Patient-specific radiation dose and cancer risk estimation in CT: part I. development and validation of a Monte Carlo program. 
  • Pediatric chest MDCT using tube current modulation: effect on radiation dose with breast shielding. 
  • Performance evaluation of computed radiography systems. 
  • Performance metrics of an optical spectral imaging system for intra-operative assessment of breast tumor margins. 
  • Performance of dedicated emission mammotomography for various breast shapes and sizes. 
  • Perturbations in hyperthermia temperature distributions associated with counter-current flow: numerical simulations and empirical verification. 
  • Phantom and animal tissues for modelling the electrical properties of human liver. 
  • Phase-1 clinical trial results of high-specific-activity carrier-free 123I-iobenguane. 
  • Phase-aberration correction with a 3-D ultrasound scanner: feasibility study. 
  • Photoacoustic elastography. 
  • Photoacoustic microscopy of tyrosinase reporter gene in vivo. 
  • Physical characterization of a prototype selenium-based full field digital mammography detector. 
  • Pilot study assessing differentiation of steatosis hepatis, hepatic iron overload, and combined disease using two-point dixon MRI at 3 T: in vitro and in vivo results of a 2D decomposition technique. 
  • Pinhole collimation for ultra-high-resolution, small-field-of-view SPECT. 
  • Pitch-catch phase aberration correction of multiple isoplanatic patches for 3-D transcranial ultrasound imaging. 
  • Pitfalls in myocardial perfusion assessment with dynamic MR imaging after administration of a contrast material bolus in dogs. 
  • Pixel driven implementation of filtered backprojection for reconstruction of fan beam SPECT data using a position dependent effective projection bin length. 
  • Pixel response-based EPID dosimetry for patient specific QA. 
  • Planning, delivery, and quality assurance of intensity-modulated radiotherapy using dynamic multileaf collimator: a strategy for large-scale implementation for the treatment of carcinoma of the prostate. 
  • Point dose verification for intensity modulated radiosurgery using Clarkson's method. 
  • Population of 224 realistic human subject-based computational breast phantoms. 
  • Population of anatomically variable 4D XCAT adult phantoms for imaging research and optimization. 
  • Potential underestimation of the internal target volume (ITV) from free-breathing CBCT. 
  • Precision of iodine quantification in hepatic CT: effects of iterative reconstruction with various imaging parameters. 
  • Preclinical assessment of comfort and secure fit of thermobrachytherapy surface applicator (TBSA) on volunteer subjects. 
  • Preliminary clinical evaluation of a 4D-CBCT estimation technique using prior information and limited-angle projections. 
  • Problems created in attenuation-corrected SPECT images by artifacts in attenuation maps: a simulation study. 
  • Progress in two-dimensional arrays for real-time volumetric imaging. 
  • Prospective estimation of organ dose in CT under tube current modulation. 
  • Prostate intrafraction motion evaluation using kV fluoroscopy during treatment delivery: a feasibility and accuracy study. 
  • Pseudoenhancement of simple renal cysts: a comparison of single and multidetector helical CT. 
  • Pulmonary perfusion imaging in the rodent lung using dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI. 
  • Quality control phantom for digital chest radiography. 
  • Quantification and minimization of uncertainties of internal target volume for stereotactic body radiation therapy of lung cancer. 
  • Quantifying hepatic shear modulus in vivo using acoustic radiation force. 
  • Quantitative CT: technique dependence of volume estimation on pulmonary nodules. 
  • Quantitative assessment of lesion detection accuracy, resolution, and reconstruction algorithms in neutron stimulated emission computed tomography. 
  • Quantitative assessment of the magnitude, impact and spatial extent of ultrasonic clutter. 
  • Quantitative blood flow measurements in the small animal cardiopulmonary system using digital subtraction angiography. 
  • Quantitative breast tomosynthesis: from detectability to estimability. 
  • Quantitative comparison of noise texture across CT scanners from different manufacturers. 
  • Quantitative effects of contrast enhanced CT attenuation correction on PET SUV measurements. 
  • Quantitative evaluation of noise reduction strategies in dual-energy imaging. 
  • Quantitative imaging biomarkers: a review of statistical methods for computer algorithm comparisons. 
  • Quantitative imaging in breast tomosynthesis and CT: comparison of detection and estimation task performance. 
  • Quantitative imaging of iodine-131 distributions in brain tumors with pinhole SPECT: a phantom study. 
  • Quantitative proton MR spectroscopic imaging of the human brain. 
  • Quantitative pulmonary single photon emission computed tomography for radiotherapy applications. 
  • Quantitative study of cardiac motion estimation and abnormality classification in emission computed tomography. 
  • Quantum noise properties of CT images with anatomical textured backgrounds across reconstruction algorithms: FBP and SAFIRE. 
  • RADAR realistic animal model series for dose assessment. 
  • RADAR reference adult, pediatric, and pregnant female phantom series for internal and external dosimetry. 
  • Radiation Dosimetry for Ureteroscopy Patients: A Phantom Study Comparing the Standard and Obese Patient Models. 
  • Radiation dose estimation for prospective and retrospective ECG-gated cardiac CT angiography in infants and small children using a 320-MDCT volume scanner. 
  • Radiation dose estimations to the thorax using organ-based dose modulation. 
  • Radiation dose exposure for lumbar spine epidural steroid injections: a comparison of conventional fluoroscopy data and CT fluoroscopy techniques. 
  • Radiation dose for body CT protocols: variability of scanners at one institution. 
  • Radiation dose for routine clinical adult brain CT: Variability on different scanners at one institution. 
  • Radiation dose from 3D rotational X-ray imaging: organ and effective dose with conversion factors. 
  • Radiation dose from cone beam CT in a pediatric phantom: risk estimation of cancer incidence. 
  • Radiation dose from contemporary cardiothoracic multidetector CT protocols with an anthropomorphic female phantom: implications for cancer induction. 
  • Radiation dose reduction in abdominal computed tomography during the late hepatic arterial phase using a model-based iterative reconstruction algorithm: how low can we go? 
  • Radiation dose to the female breast from 16-MDCT body protocols. 
  • Radiation dose to the fetus from body MDCT during early gestation. 
  • Radiation doses from small-bowel follow-through and abdomen/pelvis MDCT in pediatric Crohn disease. 
  • Radiation doses from small-bowel follow-through and abdominopelvic MDCT in Crohn's disease. 
  • Radiation exposure in the follow-up of patients with urolithiasis comparing digital tomosynthesis, non-contrast CT, standard KUB, and IVU. 
  • Radiation exposure in urology: a genitourinary catalogue for diagnostic imaging. 
  • Radiobiological considerations in the design of fractionation strategies for intensity-modulated radiation therapy of head and neck cancers. 
  • Rapid determination of oxygen saturation and vascularity for cancer detection. 
  • Real-time 3-D ultrasound guidance of interventional devices. 
  • Real-time 3-d intracranial ultrasound with an endoscopic matrix array transducer. 
  • Real-time 3D color flow Doppler for guidance of vibrating interventional devices. 
  • Real-time 3D laparoscopic ultrasonography. 
  • Real-time 3D transesophageal echocardiography. 
  • Real-time MRI-guided hyperthermia treatment using a fast adaptive algorithm. 
  • Real-time cylindrical curvilinear 3-D ultrasound imaging. 
  • Real-time in vivo color Doppler optical coherence tomography. 
  • Real-time monitoring of eye movements using infrared video-oculography during functional magnetic resonance imaging of the frontal eye fields. 
  • Real-time rectilinear volumetric imaging using a periodic array. 
  • Real-time rectilinear volumetric imaging. 
  • Real-time, volumetric echocardiography: usefulness of volumetric scanning for the assessment of cardiac volume and function. 
  • Realistic CT simulation using the 4D XCAT phantom. 
  • Realistic phantoms to characterize dosimetry in pediatric CT. 
  • Realistic reference adult and paediatric phantom series for internal and external dosimetry. 
  • Realistic wave-optics simulation of X-ray phase-contrast imaging at a human scale. 
  • Receiver operating characteristic evaluation of iterative reconstruction with attenuation correction in 99mTc-sestamibi myocardial SPECT images. 
  • Reducing scan angle using adaptive prior knowledge for a limited-angle intrafraction verification (LIVE) system for conformal arc radiotherapy. 
  • Reducing the effects of acoustic heterogeneity with an iterative reconstruction method from experimental data in microwave induced thermoacoustic tomography. 
  • Reduction of artifacts in T2 -weighted PROPELLER in high-field preclinical imaging. 
  • Reduction of tissue injury in shock-wave lithotripsy by using an acoustic diode. 
  • Refraction correction in 3D transcranial ultrasound imaging. 
  • Regional electric field induced by electroconvulsive therapy: a finite element simulation study. 
  • Registration-based segmentation of murine 4D cardiac micro-CT data using symmetric normalization. 
  • Relating noise to image quality indicators in CT examinations with tube current modulation. 
  • Removal of EPI Nyquist ghost artifacts with two-dimensional phase correction. 
  • Removal of intravoxel dephasing artifact in gradient-echo images using a field-map based RF refocusing technique. 
  • Renal Lesion Characterization with Spectral CT: Determining the Optimal Energy for Virtual Monoenergetic Reconstruction. 
  • Reproducibility of 3D proton spectroscopy in the human brain. 
  • Resolution and brightness characteristics of short-lag spatial coherence (SLSC) images. 
  • Respiration-phase-matched digital tomosynthesis imaging for moving target verification: a feasibility study. 
  • Right and left ventricular volume and ejection fraction by tomographic gated blood-pool scintigraphy. 
  • Ring array transducers for real-time 3-D imaging of an atrial septal occluder. 
  • Robust estimation of time-of-flight shear wave speed using a radon sum transformation. 
  • SAR pattern perturbations from resonance effects in water bolus layers used with superficial microwave hyperthermia applicators. 
  • Safety Assessment of Advanced Imaging Sequences I: Measurements. 
  • Sample size requirements for estimating effective dose from computed tomography using solid-state metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor dosimetry. 
  • Scanning system for angle-resolved low-coherence interferometry. 
  • Scatter Reduction and Correction for Dual-Source Cone-Beam CT Using Prepatient Grids. 
  • Semiautomated quantification of the mass and distribution of vascular calcification with multidetector CT: method and evaluation. 
  • Sensitivity of coded aperture Raman spectroscopy to analytes beneath turbid biological tissue and tissue-simulating phantoms. 
  • Shear-wave generation using acoustic radiation force: in vivo and ex vivo results. 
  • Short-lag spatial coherence imaging on matrix arrays, part II: Phantom and in vivo experiments. 
  • Short-lag spatial coherence of backscattered echoes: imaging characteristics. 
  • Simplified skipped phase encoding and edge deghosting (SPEED) for imaging sparse objects with applications to MRA. 
  • Simulation of autonomous robotic multiple-core biopsy by 3D ultrasound guidance. 
  • Simulation of electromagnetically induced hyperthermia: a finite element gridding method. 
  • Simulation of liver lesions for pediatric CT. 
  • Simulation of mammographic lesions. 
  • Simulation of subtle lung nodules in projection chest radiography. 
  • Simulations of breast cancer imaging using gamma-ray stimulated emission computed tomography. 
  • Simultaneous 4D-CBCT reconstruction with sliding motion constraint. 
  • Simultaneous acquisition of multiple orders of intermolecular multiple-quantum coherence images in vivo. 
  • Single- and multiple-track-location shear wave and acoustic radiation force impulse imaging: matched comparison of contrast, contrast-to-noise ratio and resolution. 
  • Single-acquisition sequence for the measurement of oxygen partial pressure by hyperpolarized gas MRI. 
  • Single-shot ADC imaging for fMRI. 
  • Single-shot EPI with signal recovery from the susceptibility-induced losses. 
  • Single-shot spiral image acquisition with embedded z-shimming for susceptibility signal recovery. 
  • Single-shot, variable flip-angle slice-selective excitation with four gradient-modulated adiabatic half-passage segments. 
  • Size-specific optimization of CT protocols based on minimum detectability. 
  • Sparseness prior based iterative image reconstruction for retrospectively gated cardiac micro-CT. 
  • Spatial and temporal aberrator stability for real-time adaptive imaging. 
  • Spatial coherence in human tissue: implications for imaging and measurement. 
  • Spatially varying longitudinal aliasing and resolution in spiral computed tomography. 
  • Special report: workshop on 4D-treatment planning in actively scanned particle therapy--recommendations, technical challenges, and future research directions. 
  • Speckle tracking for multi-dimensional flow estimation. 
  • Spectral diffusion: an algorithm for robust material decomposition of spectral CT data. 
  • Spectral filtering modulation method for estimation of hemoglobin concentration and oxygenation based on a single fluorescence emission spectrum in tissue phantoms. 
  • Spectrotemporal CT data acquisition and reconstruction at low dose. 
  • Stair-step artifacts with single versus multiple detector-row helical CT. 
  • Statistical issues in the comparison of quantitative imaging biomarker algorithms using pulmonary nodule volume as an example. 
  • Strategies for formulating appropriate MDCT techniques when imaging the chest, abdomen, and pelvis in pediatric patients. 
  • Strategies of dose reduction. 
  • Structural anisotropy and internal magnetic fields in trabecular bone: coupling solution and solid dipolar interactions. 
  • Surface normal overlap: a computer-aided detection algorithm with application to colonic polyps and lung nodules in helical CT. 
  • Susceptibility-based positive contrast MRI of brachytherapy seeds. 
  • Synchronized detection of minute electrical currents with MRI using Lorentz effect imaging. 
  • Synthetic aperture focusing for short-lag spatial coherence imaging. 
  • Synthetic elevation beamforming and image acquisition capabilities using an 8 x 128 1.75D array. 
  • T1 rho relaxation and its application to MR histology. 
  • T1rho imaging using magnetization-prepared projection encoding (MaPPE). 
  • T2-weighted four dimensional magnetic resonance imaging with result-driven phase sorting. 
  • Target localization using scanner-acquired SPECT data. 
  • Task-based strategy for optimized contrast enhanced breast imaging: Analysis of six imaging techniques for mammography and tomosynthesis 
  • Technical Note: On maximizing Cherenkov emissions from medical linear accelerators. 
  • Technical note: rapid prototyping of 3D grid arrays for image guided therapy quality assurance. 
  • Techniques for virtual lung nodule insertion: volumetric and morphometric comparison of projection-based and image-based methods for quantitative CT. 
  • The Effect of Contrast Material on Radiation Dose at CT: Part I. Incorporation of Contrast Material Dynamics in Anthropomorphic Phantoms. 
  • The Reference Image Database to Evaluate Response to therapy in lung cancer (RIDER) project: a resource for the development of change-analysis software. 
  • The development and potential of acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) imaging for carotid artery plaque characterization. 
  • The development of a population of 4D pediatric XCAT phantoms for imaging research and optimization. 
  • The direct incorporation of perfusion defect information to define ischemia and infarction in a finite element model of the left ventricle. 
  • The effect of averaging adjacent planes for artifact reduction in matrix inversion tomosynthesis. 
  • The effect of detector size to the broadening of the penumbra--a computer simulated study. 
  • The effect of respiratory motion variability and tumor size on the accuracy of average intensity projection from four-dimensional computed tomography: an investigation based on dynamic MRI. 
  • The effect of treatment strategy on stone comminution efficiency in shock wave lithotripsy. 
  • The impact of physiological motion on tissue tracking during radiation force imaging. 
  • The impact on CT dose of the variability in tube current modulation technology: a theoretical investigation. 
  • The profound effects of patient arm positioning on organ doses from CT procedures calculated using Monte Carlo simulations and deformable phantoms. 
  • The quantitative potential for breast tomosynthesis imaging. 
  • The role of stress waves and cavitation in stone comminution in shock wave lithotripsy. 
  • Three dimensional dose distribution comparison of simple and complex acquisition trajectories in dedicated breast CT. 
  • Three-dimensional flow images by reconstruction from two-dimensional vector velocity maps. 
  • Three-dimensional numerical simulations of susceptibility-induced magnetic field inhomogeneities in the human head. 
  • Three-dimensional reconstruction in free-space whole-body fluorescence tomography of mice using optically reconstructed surface and atlas anatomy. 
  • Three-dimensional ultrasound guidance of autonomous robotic breast biopsy: feasibility study. 
  • Time-resolved optical tomography using short-pulse laser for tumor detection. 
  • Titanium vs carbon coated ceramic breast tissue marker clips: 3T MR susceptibility artifact and local signal disturbance. 
  • Toward a standard for the evaluation of PET-Auto-Segmentation methods following the recommendations of AAPM task group No. 211: Requirements and implementation. 
  • Toward an organ based dose prescription method for the improved accuracy of murine dose in orthovoltage x-ray irradiators. 
  • Towards task-based assessment of CT performance: system and object MTF across different reconstruction algorithms. 
  • Tracking brachytherapy sources using emission imaging with one flat panel detector. 
  • Transmission imaging for nonuniform attenuation correction using a three-headed SPECT camera. 
  • Transmission scanning system for a gamma camera coincidence scanner. 
  • Turbulent water coupling in shock wave lithotripsy. 
  • Two Realistic Beagle Models for Dose Assessment. 
  • Two dimensional arrays for real time 3D intravascular ultrasound. 
  • Two-dimensional phase cycled reconstruction for inherent correction of echo-planar imaging Nyquist artifacts. 
  • Ultrafast 1D MR thermometry using phase or frequency mapping. 
  • Ultrasonic Shear Wave Elasticity Imaging Sequencing and Data Processing Using a Verasonics Research Scanner. 
  • Ultrasonic imaging using optoelectronic transmitters. 
  • Ultrasound-heated photoacoustic flowmetry. 
  • Utility and validation of biomechanical deformable image registration in low-contrast images. 
  • Validation of an accelerated 'demons' algorithm for deformable image registration in radiation therapy. 
  • Validation of metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor technology for organ dose assessment during CT: comparison with thermoluminescent dosimetry. 
  • Variable Pulse Duration From a New Holmium:YAG Laser: The Effect on Stone Comminution, Fiber Tip Degradation, and Retropulsion in a Dusting Model. 
  • Variable-time positron emission tomography leg protocol to equalize noise for positron emission tomography/computed tomography acquisitions. 
  • Variation in tube voltage for adult neck MDCT: effect on radiation dose and image quality. 
  • Velocity-resolved 3D retinal microvessel imaging using single-pass flow imaging spectral domain optical coherence tomography. 
  • Versatile, Reusable, and Inexpensive Ultrasound Phantom Procedural Trainers. 
  • Vesicoureteral reflux in children: a phantom study of microwave heating and radiometric thermometry of pediatric bladder. 
  • Virtual Monochromatic Images from Dual-Energy Multidetector CT: Variance in CT Numbers from the Same Lesion between Single-Source Projection-based and Dual-Source Image-based Implementations. 
  • VirtualDose: a software for reporting organ doses from CT for adult and pediatric patients. 
  • Visualization of active devices and automatic slice repositioning ("SnapTo") for MRI-guided interventions. 
  • Volumetric assessment of pulmonary nodules with ECG-gated MDCT. 
  • Volumetric quantification of lung nodules in CT with iterative reconstruction (ASiR and MBIR). 
  • Volumetric x-ray coherent scatter imaging of cancer in resected breast tissue: a Monte Carlo study using virtual anthropomorphic phantoms. 
  • Whole shaft visibility and mechanical performance for active MR catheters using copper-nitinol braided polymer tubes. 
  • Whole-Body High-Pitch CT Angiography: Strategies to Reduce Radiation Dose and Contrast Volume. 
• 

  Keywords of People

  • Badea, Cristian Tudorel, Professor in Radiology, Biomedical Engineering
  • Bradway, David, Research Scientist, Biomedical Engineering
  • Charles, Hal Cecil, Associate Professor of Radiology, Radiology
  • Chen, Jun, Associate Professor of Medicine, Duke Cancer Institute
  • Chen, Nan-kuei, Adjunct Associate Professor in the Department of Radiology, Radiology
  • Colsher, James George, Adjunct Assistant Professor in the Department of Radiology, Radiology
  • Craciunescu, Oana, Associate Professor of Radiation Oncology, Radiation Oncology
  • Farsiu, Sina, Associate Professor in the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering
  • Henriquez, Craig S., Professor of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering
  • Hoang, Jenny K., Associate Professor of Radiology, Radiology, Neuroradiology
  • Johnson, G. Allan, Charles E. Putman University Professor of Radiology, Physics
  • Lee, Walter T, Associate Professor of Surgery, Radiation Oncology
  • MacFall, James R., Adjunct Professor in the Department of Radiology, Radiology
  • Nightingale, Kathryn Radabaugh, Professor in the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical Engineering
  • O'Daniel, Jennifer Colleen, Assistant Professor of Radiation Oncology, Radiation Oncology
  • Palmer, Gregory M., Associate Professor of Radiation Oncology, Radiation Oncology
  • Preminger, Glenn Michael, James F. Glenn, M.D. Professor of Urology, Surgery
  • Reiman Jr., Robert Ellis, Associate Professor of Radiology, Radiology
  • Segars, William Paul, Associate Professor in Radiology, Biomedical Engineering
  • Tornai, Martin Paul, Associate Professor of Radiology, Radiology
  • Toth, Cynthia Ann, Joseph A.C. Wadsworth Professor of Ophthalmology, Biomedical Engineering
  • Turkington, Timothy Garvey, Associate Professor in Radiology, Radiology
  • Wax, Adam P., Professor of Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical Engineering
  • Zhong, Pei, Professor in the Department of Mechanical Enginnering and Materials Science, Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science