Comprehension

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  Subject Areas on Research

  • "How Much Time Do I Have?": Communicating Prognosis in the Era of Exceptional Responders. 
  • 'Unwilling' versus 'unable': chimpanzees' understanding of human intentional action. 
  • 18-month-olds comprehend indirect communicative acts. 
  • 3-year-old children make relevance inferences in indirect verbal communication. 
  • A Normal Thyroid by Any Other Name: Linguistic Analysis of Statements Describing a Normal Thyroid Gland from Noncontrast Chest CT Reports. 
  • A Pilot Interprofessional Course on Substance Use Disorders to Improve Students' Empathy and Counseling Skills. 
  • A comparison of American and Nepalese children's concepts of freedom of choice and social constraint. 
  • A competitive nonverbal false belief task for children and apes. 
  • A functional basis for structure-seeking: exposure to structure promotes willingness to engage in motivated action. 
  • A novel method for measuring learning opportunities provided by parents to young children with autism spectrum disorder. 
  • A randomized controlled trial comparing quantitative informed consent formats. 
  • Adult language use and infant comprehension of English: associations with encoding and generalization across cues at 20 months. 
  • Age-related differences in resolving semantic and phonological competition during receptive language tasks. 
  • Age-related sensitivity to task-related modulation of language-processing networks. 
  • Aging and Direct-to-Consumer Prescription Drug Television Ads: The Effects of Individual Differences and Risk Presentation. 
  • Aging-related gains and losses associated with word production in connected speech. 
  • All great ape species (Gorilla gorilla, Pan paniscus, Pan troglodytes, Pongo abelii) and two-and-a-half-year-old children (Homo sapiens) discriminate appearance from reality. 
  • Alpha band event-related desynchronization underlying social situational context processing during irony comprehension: A magnetoencephalography source localization study. 
  • An Evaluation of Websites Offering Caregiver Education for Tracheostomy and Home Mechanical Ventilation. 
  • An assessment of the understanding and motivations of patients with schizophrenia about participating in a clinical trial. 
  • An ethical façade? Medical students' miscomprehensions of substituted judgment. 
  • An evaluation of sepsis Web sites for patient and family education. 
  • Antithrombotic therapy: new areas to understand efficacy and bleeding. 
  • Apes' and children's understanding of cooperative and competitive motives in a communicative situation. 
  • Aprosodia Following Focal Brain Damage: What's Right and What's Left? 
  • Are Well-Informed Potential Trial Participants More Likely to Participate? 
  • Are there adverse consequences of quizzing during informed consent for HIV research? 
  • Association of Childhood Blood Lead Levels With Cognitive Function and Socioeconomic Status at Age 38 Years and With IQ Change and Socioeconomic Mobility Between Childhood and Adulthood. 
  • Associations between understanding of current treatment intent, communication with healthcare providers, preferences for invasive life-sustaining interventions and decisional conflict: results from a survey of patients with advanced heart failure in Singapore. 
  • At 6-9 months, human infants know the meanings of many common nouns. 
  • Behavior. Like infant, like dog. 
  • Bigger knows better: young children selectively learn rule games from adults rather than from peers. 
  • Bootstrapping word order in prelexical infants: a Japanese-Italian cross-linguistic study. 
  • Brief Report: Executive Function as a Predictor of Academic Achievement in School-Aged Children with ASD. 
  • Children aged 2 ; 1 use transitive syntax to make a semantic-role interpretation in a pointing task. 
  • Children's developing commitments to joint goals. 
  • Children's understanding of first- and third-person perspectives in complement clauses and false-belief tasks. 
  • Chimpanzees help others with what they want; children help them with what they need. 
  • Chimpanzees' understanding of social leverage. 
  • Clinical implications of numeracy: theory and practice. 
  • Cognitive Interview-Based Validation of the Patient-Reported Outcomes Version of the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events in Adolescents with Cancer. 
  • Collaborative partner or social tool? New evidence for young children's understanding of joint intentions in collaborative activities. 
  • Color-coding improves parental understanding of body mass index charting. 
  • Comprehension of iconic gestures by chimpanzees and human children. 
  • Comprehension, Utility, and Acceptability of a Multidomain Physical Functioning Report for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients and Their Providers. 
  • Consent (assent) for research with pediatric patients 
  • Consent forms and the therapeutic misconception: the example of gene transfer research. 
  • Deciding for Others 
  • Design, implementation, and evaluation of a computerized system to communicate with patients with limited native language proficiency in the perioperative period. 
  • Developing intuitions about free will between ages four and six 
  • Development of the Listening Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (LSEQ). 
  • Disentangling the Roles of Cue Visibility and Knowledge in Adjusting Cognitive Control: A Preregistered Direct Replication of the Farooqui and Manly (2015) Study. 
  • Do 7-year-old children understand social leverage? 
  • Do Pediatric Patients Have a Right to Know? 
  • Do domestic dogs interpret pointing as a command? 
  • Do seniors understand their risk of moving to a nursing home? 
  • Does informed consent to research require comprehension? 
  • Dogs (Canis familiaris), but not chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), understand imperative pointing. 
  • Domestic dogs comprehend human communication with iconic signs. 
  • Early literacy gains in children with cochlear implants. 
  • Early social cognition in three cultural contexts. 
  • Easy-to-Read Informed Consent Form for Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Clinical Trials: Results from the Blood and Marrow Transplant Clinical Trials Network 1205 Study. 
  • Effect of repeated evaluation and repeated exposure on acceptability ratings of sentences. 
  • Eighteen-month-olds understand false beliefs in an unexpected-contents task. 
  • Electrophysiological evidence for the involvement of the approximate number system in preschoolers' processing of spoken number words. 
  • Empirical research on informed consent. An annotated bibliography. 
  • Evidence-Based Strategies for Shortening Informed Consent Forms in Clinical Research. 
  • Exercise and pharmacological treatment of depressive symptoms in patients with coronary heart disease: results from the UPBEAT (Understanding the Prognostic Benefits of Exercise and Antidepressant Therapy) study. 
  • Expectations of benefit in early-phase clinical trials: implications for assessing the adequacy of informed consent. 
  • Exploring Understanding of "Understanding": The Paradigm Case of Biobank Consent Comprehension. 
  • Factors associated with veterans' decisions about living wills. 
  • Facts up front versus traffic light food labels: a randomized controlled trial. 
  • Familiar verbs are not always easier than novel verbs: how German pre-school children comprehend active and passive sentences. 
  • Familiarity plays a small role in noun comprehension at 12-18 months. 
  • Five-year-olds understand fair as equal in a mini-ultimatum game. 
  • Getting a decent (but sparse) signal to the brain for users of cochlear implants. 
  • Getting meaningful informed consent from older adults: a structured literature review of empirical research. 
  • Graphical displays of patient-reported outcomes (PRO) for use in clinical practice: What makes a pro picture worth a thousand words? 
  • Great apes anticipate that other individuals will act according to false beliefs. 
  • Great apes distinguish true from false beliefs in an interactive helping task. 
  • Great apes' understanding of other individuals' line of sight. 
  • HIV and cardiovascular disease in sub-Saharan Africa: the Sutton Law as applied to global health. 
  • Helping patients decide: ten steps to better risk communication. 
  • How children come to understand false beliefs: A shared intentionality account. 
  • How two word-trained dogs integrate pointing and naming. 
  • Idiosyncratic responding during movie-watching predicted by age differences in attentional control. 
  • Impact of Improved Screening Mammography Recall Lay Letter Readability on Patient Follow-Up. 
  • Impact of delivery models on understanding genomic risk for type 2 diabetes. 
  • Implementation of condition help: family teaching and evaluation of family understanding. 
  • Improving Patient Comprehension of Screening Mammography Recall Lay Letters. 
  • Improving State-Mandated Breast Density Notifications. 
  • Improving biobank consent comprehension: a national randomized survey to assess the effect of a simplified form and review/retest intervention. 
  • Improving participant understanding of informed consent in an HIV-prevention clinical trial: a comparison of methods. 
  • Improving patients' understanding of terms and phrases commonly used in self-reported measures of sexual function. 
  • In-Home Passive Sensor Data Collection and Its Implications for Social Media Research: Perspectives of Community Women in Rural South Africa. 
  • Individual Differences in Structure Building: Impacts on Comprehension and Learning, Theoretical Underpinnings, and Support for Less Able Structure Builders. 
  • Infants communicate in order to be understood. 
  • Influence of Dietary Salt Knowledge, Perceptions, and Beliefs on Consumption Choices after Stroke in Uganda. 
  • Influence of encoding difficulty, word frequency, and phonological regularity on age differences in word naming. 
  • Informed consent for biobanking: consensus-based guidelines for adequate comprehension. 
  • Informed consent for research in Borderline Personality Disorder. 
  • Informed consent in a clinical trial of a novel treatment for rheumatoid arthritis. 
  • Intersectionality of Race and Question-Asking in Women After Right Hemisphere Brain Damage. 
  • Language facilitates event memory in early childhood: Child comprehension, adult-provided linguistic support and delayed recall at 16 months. 
  • Language-general biases and language-specific experience contribute to phonological detail in toddlers' word representations. 
  • Learning misinformation from fictional sources: understanding the contributions of transportation and item-specific processing. 
  • Measuring numeracy without a math test: development of the Subjective Numeracy Scale. 
  • Mind-Wandering With and Without Intention. 
  • Mortality versus survival graphs: improving temporal consistency in perceptions of treatment effectiveness. 
  • Motivation, intentionality, and mind wandering: Implications for assessments of task-unrelated thought. 
  • Multiple chronic pain states are associated with a common amino acid-changing allele in KCNS1. 
  • Natural reference: A phylo- and ontogenetic perspective on the comprehension of iconic gestures and vocalizations. 
  • Neuronal Development of Hearing and Language: Cochlear Implants and Critical Periods. 
  • Okukkera Ng'omuzungu (lost in translation): understanding the social value of global health research for HIV/AIDS research participants in Uganda. 
  • On the Necessity of Distinguishing Between Unintentional and Intentional Mind Wandering. 
  • On the perpetuation of ignorance: system dependence, system justification, and the motivated avoidance of sociopolitical information. 
  • Open Oncology Notes: A Qualitative Study of Oncology Patients' Experiences Reading Their Cancer Care Notes. 
  • PREPARED Study: A Study of Shared Decision-Making for Coronary Artery Disease. 
  • Parental misinterpretations of over-the-counter pediatric cough and cold medication labels. 
  • Parental understanding of crucial medical jargon used in prenatal prematurity counseling. 
  • Patient comprehension of emergency department care and instructions: are patients aware of when they do not understand? 
  • Patient expectations of benefit from phase I clinical trials: linguistic considerations in diagnosing a therapeutic misconception. 
  • Patient reactions to confidentiality, liability, and financial aspects of informed consent in cardiology research. 
  • Patient understanding of medical jargon: a survey study of U.S. medical students. 
  • Patient-oncologist communication in advanced cancer: predictors of patient perception of prognosis. 
  • Patients' understanding of oncology clinical endpoints: A literature review. 
  • Potential Pitfalls of Online Crowdsourcing to Assess Patient Comprehension of Radiology Reports. 
  • Potential problems with increasing serving sizes on the Nutrition Facts label. 
  • Predicting the unbeaten path through syntactic priming. 
  • Predictive processing of novel compounds: evidence from Japanese. 
  • Preschoolers understand the normativity of cooperatively structured competition. 
  • Prior capacity of patients lacking decision making ability early in hospitalization: implications for advance directive administration. The SUPPORT Investigators. Study to Understand Prognoses and Preferences for Outcomes and Risks of Treatments. 
  • Processing of infant-directed speech by adults. 
  • Randomness increases self-reported anxiety and neurophysiological correlates of performance monitoring. 
  • Rational tool use and tool choice in human infants and great apes. 
  • Readability of ocular medication inserts. 
  • Readability of patient education materials in ophthalmology: a single-institution study and systematic review. 
  • Readability, Content, and Accountability Assessment of Online Health Information for Retinitis Pigmentosa & Retinitis Pigmentosa Treatment Options. 
  • Reducing Bias in Academic Search Committees. 
  • Relationship between cancer patients' predictions of prognosis and their treatment preferences. 
  • Robust Resilience of the Frontotemporal Syntax System to Aging. 
  • Semantics of the transitive construction: prototype effects and developmental comparisons. 
  • Situational systematicity: A role for schema in understanding the differences between abstract and concrete concepts. 
  • Striking a balance in communicating pharmacogenetic test results: promoting comprehension and minimizing adverse psychological and behavioral response. 
  • Systems for grading the quality of evidence and the strength of recommendations II: pilot study of a new system. 
  • Tackling acid-base disorders, one Twitter poll at a time. 
  • Temporal-order iconicity bias in narrative event understanding and memory. 
  • Testing whether decision aids introduce cognitive biases: results of a randomized trial. 
  • The Child as Econometrician: A Rational Model of Preference Understanding in Children 
  • The Lexical Stroop Sort (LSS) picture-word task: a computerized task for assessing the relationship between language and executive functioning in school-aged children. 
  • The Quality of Online Resources Available to Patients Regarding Cannabidiol for Symptomatic Relief of Hip or Knee Arthritis is Poor. 
  • The association of age, literacy, and race on completing patient-reported outcome measures in pediatric oncology. 
  • The association of oral hydroxyurea therapy with improved cognitive functioning in sickle cell disease 
  • The coherence of memories for trauma: evidence from posttraumatic stress disorder. 
  • The consent process and children 
  • The culture of faith and hope: patients' justifications for their high estimations of expected therapeutic benefit when enrolling in early phase oncology trials. 
  • The development and flexibility of gaze alternations in bonobos and chimpanzees. 
  • The development of Japanese passive syntax as indexed by structural priming in comprehension. 
  • The development of a web- and a print-based decision aid for prostate cancer screening. 
  • The experimental imperative. 
  • The many faces of obligation. 
  • The role of conflict, feedback, and action comprehension in monitoring of action errors: Evidence for internal and external routes. 
  • The role of perceptual availability and discourse context in young children's question answering. 
  • The science on front-of-package food labels. 
  • Therapeutic misconception in early phase gene transfer trials. 
  • Three- and 5-year-old children's understanding of how to dissolve a joint commitment. 
  • Three-year-olds understand appearance and reality--just not about the same object at the same time. 
  • Twelve-month-olds' comprehension and production of pointing. 
  • Two-year-old children but not domestic dogs understand communicative intentions without language, gestures, or gaze. 
  • Two-year-old children differentiate test questions from genuine questions. 
  • Two-year-olds exclude novel objects as potential referents of novel words based on pragmatics. 
  • Two-year-olds grasp the intentional structure of pretense acts. 
  • Understanding of speaker certainty and false-belief reasoning: a comparison of Japanese and German preschoolers. 
  • Understanding parental refusal of permission for child participation in surgical prospective trials. 
  • Understanding patient experience in university-based dermatology clinics: Time motion analysis. 
  • Updated standardized endpoint definitions for transcatheter aortic valve implantation: the Valve Academic Research Consortium-2 consensus document. 
  • Using Cognitive Interviews to Enhance Measurement in Empirical Bioethics: Developing a Measure of the Preventive Misconception in Biomedical HIV Prevention Trials. 
  • Validation of the Subjective Numeracy Scale: effects of low numeracy on comprehension of risk communications and utility elicitations. 
  • Varieties of Minimalism about Informed Consent. 
  • What Is Adequate Understanding? 
  • Why Have Uniform Informed Consent Documents When the Research Volunteers Are So Diverse? 
  • Working Toward an Improved Understanding of Chronic Cardiorenal Syndrome Type 4. 
  • Young Children Understand the Role of Agreement in Establishing Arbitrary Norms-But Unanimity Is Key. 
  • Young German children's early syntactic competence: a preferential looking study. 
  • Young Infants' Word Comprehension Given An Unfamiliar Talker or Altered Pronunciations. 
  • Young children mostly keep, and expect others to keep, their promises. 
  • Young children understand and defend the entitlements of others. 
  • Young children understand multiple pretend identities in their object play. 
  • Young children use shared experience to interpret definite reference. 
  • Young children's responses to guilt displays. 
  • Young children's understanding of cultural common ground. 
  • Young children's understanding of denial. 
  • Young children's understanding of joint commitments. 
  • Young children's understanding of markedness in non-verbal communication. 
  • Young children's understanding of the context-relativity of normative rules in conventional games. 
  • Young toddlers' word comprehension is flexible and efficient.