Continental Population Groups

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  Subject Areas on Research

  • 2013 ACC/AHA guideline on the assessment of cardiovascular risk: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. 
  • A Large-Scale Multi-ancestry Genome-wide Study Accounting for Smoking Behavior Identifies Multiple Significant Loci for Blood Pressure. 
  • A Life Course Approach to Inequality: Examining Racial/Ethnic Differences in the Relationship between Early Life Socioeconomic Conditions and Health in Later Life Among Men 
  • A blood-based biomarker panel to detect acute stroke. 
  • A genome-wide association study of upper aerodigestive tract cancers conducted within the INHANCE consortium. 
  • A high-resolution HLA and SNP haplotype map for disease association studies in the extended human MHC. 
  • A novel variant marking HLA-DP expression levels predicts recovery from hepatitis B virus infection. 
  • A pilot study of assertive community treatment for patients with chronic psychotic disorders. 
  • A pooled multisite analysis of the effects of atopic medical conditions in glioma risk in different ethnic groups. 
  • A second generation human haplotype map of over 3.1 million SNPs. 
  • A spatial analysis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) cases in the United States and their proximity to multidisciplinary ALS clinics, 2013. 
  • A variance components approach to categorical data models with heterogeneous cell populations: analysis of spatial gradients in lung cancer mortality rates in North Carolina counties. 
  • AKT1 and neurocognition in schizophrenia. 
  • APOL1: a case in point for replacing race with genetics. 
  • Access and outcomes among minority transplant patients, 1999-2008, with a focus on determinants of kidney graft survival. 
  • Acute Surgical Decision-Making in Abdominal Trauma Is Not Altered by Race or Socioeconomic Status. 
  • Addressing racial and ethnic disparities in live donor kidney transplantation: priorities for research and intervention. 
  • Adjuvant chemotherapy in nonmetastatic osteosarcoma: a Southwest Oncology Group Study. 
  • Administrative update: utilization of services. I. Comparing use of public and private mental health services: the enduring barriers of race and age. 
  • Adolescent girls' weight-related family environments, Minnesota. 
  • Age, Race and Cardiovascular Outcomes in African American Veterans. 
  • Ageism compared to racism and sexism. 
  • Alcohol and drug use disorders among adults in emergency department settings in the United States. 
  • Alcohol, drug, and mental health specialty treatment services and race/ethnicity: a national study of children and families involved with child welfare. 
  • An examination of racial differences in process and outcome of colorectal cancer care quality among users of the veterans affairs health care system. 
  • An integrated map of genetic variation from 1,092 human genomes. 
  • Anorectal melanoma: clinical characteristics and the role of abdominoperineal resection. 
  • Antidepressant use by race. 
  • Antihypertensive effectiveness of very low doses of hydrochlorothiazide: results of the PHICOG Trial. 
  • Approaching a decade since HPV vaccine licensure: Racial and gender disparities in knowledge and awareness of HPV and HPV vaccine. 
  • Association Between Tracheal Intubation During Adult In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest and Survival. 
  • Association between perceived life chaos and medication adherence in a postmyocardial infarction population. 
  • Association of LEP G2548A and LEPR Q223R polymorphisms with cancer susceptibility: evidence from a meta-analysis. 
  • Association of Physical Activity With Income, Race/Ethnicity, and Sex Among Adolescents and Young Adults in the United States: Findings From the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2007-2016. 
  • Association of Race/Ethnicity With Oral Anticoagulant Use in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: Findings From the Outcomes Registry for Better Informed Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation II. 
  • Associations of candidate genes to age-related macular degeneration among racial/ethnic groups in the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis. 
  • Associations of neighborhood concentrated poverty, neighborhood racial/ethnic composition, and indoor allergen exposures: a cross-sectional analysis of los angeles households, 2006-2008. 
  • At face value: Psychological outcomes differ for real vs. computer-generated multiracial faces. 
  • At the intersection of place, race, and health in Brazil: Residential segregation and cardio-metabolic risk factors in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). 
  • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder symptoms and smoking trajectories: race and gender differences. 
  • Awareness of racial/ethnic disparities in surgical outcomes and care: factors affecting acknowledgment and action. 
  • Barriers to Hospice Care in Trauma Patients: The Disparities in End-of-Life Care. 
  • Benzodiazepine anti-anxiety agents: prevalence and correlates of use in a southern community. 
  • Best practices and joint calling of the HumanExome BeadChip: the CHARGE Consortium. 
  • Biracial and monoracial infant own-race face perception: an eye tracking study. 
  • Body shape ideals across gender, sexual orientation, socioeconomic status, race, and age in personal advertisements 
  • Breast cancer as heterogeneous disease: contributing factors and carcinogenesis mechanisms. 
  • CCL3L1 and HIV/AIDS susceptibility. 
  • CVD mortality, 1968-1978: observations and implications. 
  • Cancer-related risk factors and incidence of major cancers by race, gender and region; analysis of the NIH-AARP diet and health study. 
  • Cannabis use disorders are comparatively prevalent among nonwhite racial/ethnic groups and adolescents: a national study. 
  • Carcinoma of the cervix: patterns of care studies: review of 1978, 1983, and 1988-1989 surveys. 
  • Cardiovascular preparticipation screening of competitive athletes. A statement for health professionals from the Sudden Death Committee (clinical cardiology) and Congenital Cardiac Defects Committee (cardiovascular disease in the young), American Heart Association. 
  • Carotid endarterectomy and race: do clinical indications and patient preferences account for differences? 
  • Changes in mortality after myocardial revascularization in the elderly. The national Medicare experience. 
  • Changes in perceived weight discrimination among Americans, 1995-1996 through 2004-2006. 
  • Changing the paradigm from 'race' to human genome variation. 
  • Characteristics and Health Care Preferences Associated with Cardiovascular Disease Risk among Women Veterans. 
  • Characteristics and current practice of parenteral nutrition in hospitalized patients. 
  • Characteristics associated with participation in DNA banking: The National Registry of Veterans with ALS. 
  • Characterization of clinical study populations by race and ethnicity in biomedical literature. 
  • Children Receiving Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation are at Increased Risk of Onychocryptosis Requiring Surgical Management. 
  • Chronic granulomatous disease. Report on a national registry of 368 patients. 
  • Classroom contextual effects of race on children's peer nominations. 
  • Clinical and angiographic correlates of short- and long-term mortality in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. 
  • Clinical and computed tomographic predictors of chronic bronchitis in COPD: a cross sectional analysis of the COPDGene study. 
  • Clinical correlates and consequences of anemia in a broad spectrum of patients with heart failure: results of the Candesartan in Heart Failure: Assessment of Reduction in Mortality and Morbidity (CHARM) Program. 
  • Clinical findings and pain symptoms as potential risk factors for chronic TMD: descriptive data and empirically identified domains from the OPPERA case-control study. 
  • Clinical risk factors for age-related macular degeneration: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 
  • Comorbidity, age, race and stage at diagnosis in colorectal cancer: a retrospective, parallel analysis of two health systems. 
  • Comparative Assessment of Utilization and Hospital Outcomes of Veterans Receiving VA and Non-VA Outpatient Dialysis. 
  • Comparative safety of amphotericin B lipid complex and amphotericin B deoxycholate as aerosolized antifungal prophylaxis in lung-transplant recipients. 
  • Comparison of Patient Report and Medical Records of Comorbidities: Results From a Population-Based Cohort of Patients With Prostate Cancer. 
  • Comparison of pain measures among patients with osteoarthritis. 
  • Complex transmission dynamics of clonally related virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis associated with barhopping by predominantly human immunodeficiency virus-positive gay men. 
  • Complications and outcomes after spinal cord tumor resection in the United States from 1993 to 2002. 
  • Concordance between self-reported race/ethnicity and that recorded in a Veteran Affairs electronic medical record. 
  • Conducting research with racial/ethnic minorities: methodological lessons from the NIDA Clinical Trials Network. 
  • Consensus statement on transcultural issues in depression and anxiety from the International Consensus Group on Depression and Anxiety. 
  • Contact transscleral continuous wave neodymium:YAG laser cyclophotocoagulation. 
  • Cornelia de Lange syndrome in diverse populations. 
  • Costs of the metabolic syndrome in elderly individuals: findings from the Cardiovascular Health Study. 
  • Cultural considerations in adolescent suicide prevention and psychosocial treatment. 
  • Current therapies for lupus nephritis in an ethnically heterogeneous cohort. 
  • DNA typing for HLA-A and HLA-B identifies disparities between patients and unrelated donors matched by HLA-A and HLA-B serology and HLA-DRB1. 
  • Daily text messaging for weight control among racial and ethnic minority women: randomized controlled pilot study. 
  • Daniel G. Brinton's success on the road to obscurity, 1890-99. 
  • Database comparison of the adult-to-adult living donor liver transplantation cohort study (A2ALL) and the SRTR U.S. Transplant Registry. 
  • Defining human differences in biomedicine. 
  • Depression Characterization and Race Among Stroke Survivors Receiving Inpatient Rehabilitation. 
  • Depression in diabetes and obesity: racial/ethnic/gender issues in older adults. 
  • Depression: are we ignoring an important comorbidity in heart failure? 
  • Depressive symptoms, race, and glucose concentrations: the role of cortisol as mediator. 
  • Determinants of weight loss success with alternate day fasting. 
  • Determinants of willingness to donate living related and cadaveric organs: identifying opportunities for intervention. 
  • Diabetes and outcomes after radical prostatectomy: are results affected by obesity and race? Results from the shared equal-access regional cancer hospital database. 
  • Diabetes predicts metastasis after radical prostatectomy in obese men: results from the SEARCH database. 
  • Diabetes-related utilization and costs for inpatient and outpatient services in the Veterans Administration. 
  • Dietary magnesium and DNA repair capacity as risk factors for lung cancer. 
  • Differences by race, sex and age in the clinical and immunologic features of recently diagnosed systemic lupus erythematosus patients in the southeastern United States. 
  • Differences in level of care at the end of life according to race. 
  • Differences in osteoarthritis self-management support intervention outcomes according to race and health literacy. 
  • Differences in race, molecular and tumor characteristics among women diagnosed with invasive ductal and lobular breast carcinomas. 
  • Differential effects of MDM2 SNP309 polymorphism on breast cancer risk along with race: a meta-analysis. 
  • Disparities among older adults in measures of cognitive function by race or ethnicity. 
  • Disparities in Depressive Symptoms and Antidepressant Treatment by Gender and Race/Ethnicity among People Living with HIV in the United States. 
  • Disparities in access to left ventricular assist device therapy. 
  • Disparities in hospitalization outcomes among African-American and White prostate cancer patients. 
  • Disparities in the burden, outcomes, and care of chronic kidney disease. 
  • Diversity Matters. 
  • Do adolescents who live or go to school near fast-food restaurants eat more frequently from fast-food restaurants? 
  • Do racial differences in hypertension persist in successful agers? Findings from the MacArthur Study of Successful Aging. 
  • Do racial differences in knowledge about urogynecologic issues exist? 
  • Does Stigmatized Social Risk Lead to Denialism? Results from a Survey Experiment on Race, Risk Perception, and Health Policy in the United States. 
  • Does race predict the development of metastases in men who receive androgen-deprivation therapy for a biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy? 
  • Does the market value racial and ethnic concordance in physician-patient relationships? 
  • ECG myocardial infarct size: a gender-, age-, race-insensitive 12-segment multiple regression model. I: Retrospective learning set of 100 pathoanatomic infarcts and 229 normal control subjects. 
  • Early childhood family structure and mother-child interactions: variation by race and ethnicity. 
  • Early-Life State-of-Residence Characteristics and Later Life Hypertension, Diabetes, and Ischemic Heart Disease. 
  • Eating yourself to a stroke? 
  • Edentulism trends among middle-aged and older adults in the United States: comparison of five racial/ethnic groups. 
  • Educational videos to reduce racial disparities in ICD therapy via innovative designs (VIVID): a randomized clinical trial. 
  • Effect of Regional Hospital Market Competition on Use Patterns of Free Flap Breast Reconstruction. 
  • Effect of apolipoprotein E genotype on in-hospital mortality following intracerebral haemorrhage. 
  • Effect of insurance and racial disparities on outcomes in traumatic brain injury. 
  • Effect of race and ethnicity on outcomes with drug-eluting and bare metal stents: results in 423 965 patients in the linked National Cardiovascular Data Registry and centers for Medicare & Medicaid services payer databases. 
  • Effect of race and socioeconomic status on surgical margins and biochemical outcomes in an equal-access health care setting: results from the Shared Equal Access Regional Cancer Hospital (SEARCH) database. 
  • Effect of recipient race on waiting time for renal transplantation at the University of Pittsburgh. 
  • Effects of Acute-Postacute Continuity on Community Discharge and 30-Day Rehospitalization Following Inpatient Rehabilitation. 
  • Effects of Antiretroviral Therapy and Depressive Symptoms on All-Cause Mortality Among HIV-Infected Women. 
  • Effects of age, sex, and ethnicity on the association between apolipoprotein E genotype and Alzheimer disease. A meta-analysis. APOE and Alzheimer Disease Meta Analysis Consortium. 
  • Effects of gender and ethnic group on blood pressure control in the elderly. 
  • Effects of race and marginally elevated blood pressure on responses to stress. 
  • Effects of socioeconomic and clinical factors on survival in multiple myeloma. 
  • Effects on blood pressure of reduced dietary sodium and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet. DASH-Sodium Collaborative Research Group. 
  • Eliminating racial and ethnic disparities in cardiac care. 
  • Endocrine surgery: where are we today? A national survey of young endocrine surgeons. 
  • Enhancing the Value of Statewide Hospital Discharge Data: Improving Clinical Content and Race-Ethnicity Data. 
  • Environmental Justice: the Economics of Race, Place, and Pollution. 
  • Epidemiologic research on health disparities: some thoughts on history and current developments. 
  • Equally inequitable? A cross-national comparative study of racial health inequalities in the United States and Canada. 
  • Erythrocyte folate concentrations, CpG methylation at genomically imprinted domains, and birth weight in a multiethnic newborn cohort. 
  • Essentialist thinking predicts decrements in children's memory for racially ambiguous faces. 
  • Establishment of normative ranges of the healthy human immune system with comprehensive polychromatic flow cytometry profiling. 
  • Ethnic and racial differences of baseline stroke knowledge in a "stroke belt" community. 
  • Ethnicity and gestational diabetes in New York City, 1995-2003. 
  • Evaluating the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial High Grade Prostate Cancer Risk Calculator in 10 international biopsy cohorts: results from the Prostate Biopsy Collaborative Group. 
  • Examining racial variation in antiemetic use and post-chemotherapy health care utilization for nausea and vomiting among breast cancer patients. 
  • Examining the association between perceived discrimination and heart rate variability in African Americans. 
  • Explaining the relation between IQ and delinquency: class, race, test motivation, school failure, or self-control? 
  • Extent of and reasons for nonuse of implantable cardioverter defibrillator devices in clinical practice among eligible patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction. 
  • External ocular pigmentation. 
  • Factors affecting attrition from associate degree nursing programs in North Carolina. 
  • Factors affecting psychiatric inpatient hospitalization from a psychiatric emergency service. 
  • Factors associated with persistent poorly controlled diabetes mellitus: clues to improving management in patients with resistant poor control. 
  • Factors influencing survival in pediatric acute leukemia. The SWCCSG experience, 1958-1970. 
  • Factors predicting early and late phase decline of sexual health-related quality of life following radical prostatectomy. 
  • Fertility patients' views about frozen embryo disposition: results of a multi-institutional U.S. survey. 
  • Few Disparities in Baseline Laboratory Testing After the Diuretic or Digoxin Initiation by Medicare Fee-For-Service Beneficiaries. 
  • Fibroblast growth factor 23 and mortality among patients undergoing hemodialysis. 
  • Food and Drug Administration: Cardiovascular and Renal Drugs Advisory Committee, 98th meeting, January 6th-7th, 2003. 
  • For the patient. Who trusts healthcare institutions? Results from a community-based sample. 
  • Frequency of abnormal carbohydrate metabolism and diabetes in a population-based screening of adolescents. 
  • GIS modeling of air toxics releases from TRI-reporting and non-TRI-reporting facilities: impacts for environmental justice. 
  • GSTT1 and GSTP1 polymorphisms and breast cancer risk: a meta-analysis. 
  • Gender differences in knowledge and perceptions of HIV resources among individuals living with HIV in the Southeast. 
  • Gender inequalities in US adult health: the interplay of race and ethnicity. 
  • Gender, racial, and ethnic disclosure in NIH K-Award funded diabetes and obesity clinical trials. 
  • Genes, environment, and race: quantitative genetic approaches. 
  • Genetic predisposition of life-threatening antiepileptic-induced skin reactions. 
  • Genetic risk and carcinogen exposure: a common inherited defect of the carcinogen-metabolism gene glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) that increases susceptibility to bladder cancer. 
  • Genetic studies of body mass index yield new insights for obesity biology. 
  • Genetic variations in HLA-B region and hypersensitivity reactions to abacavir. 
  • Genetic, geographic, and environmental correlates of human temporal bone variation. 
  • Genetics. FDA races in wrong direction. 
  • Genomewide search for type 2 diabetes susceptibility genes in four American populations. 
  • Geographic and temporal trends in peritoneal dialysis services in the United States between 1995 and 2003. 
  • Geographic clustering of human Y-chromosome haplotypes. 
  • Geographic variation in one-year recurrent ischemic stroke rates for elderly Medicare beneficiaries in the USA. 
  • Glycated hemoglobin and the risk of kidney disease and retinopathy in adults with and without diabetes. 
  • Glycemic control and prostate cancer progression: results from the SEARCH database. 
  • Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor use and medical costs after initial adjuvant chemotherapy in older patients with early-stage breast cancer. 
  • Growth of Plasmodium falciparum inhibited by HbD-Ouled-Rabah. 
  • HIV Diagnoses, Prevalence and Outcomes in Nine Southern States. 
  • HIV and the kidney: a spotlight on racial disparities. 
  • Hardy-Weinberg testing for HLA class II (DRB1, DQA1, DQB1, and DPB1) loci in 26 human ethnic groups. 
  • Harmonizing Genetic Ancestry and Self-identified Race/Ethnicity in Genome-wide Association Studies. 
  • Has the use of routine episiotomy decreased? Examination of episiotomy rates from 1983 to 2000. 
  • Health disparities in endocrine disorders: biological, clinical, and nonclinical factors--an Endocrine Society scientific statement. 
  • Hemodialysis Disparities in African Americans: The Deeply Integrated Concept of Race in the Social Fabric of Our Society. 
  • Hepatitis C treatment among racial and ethnic groups in the IDEAL trial. 
  • Hospital variability in the rate of finding obstructive coronary artery disease at elective, diagnostic coronary angiography. 
  • Hostility during late adolescence predicts coronary risk factors at mid-life. 
  • How Views of the Organization of Primary Care Among Patients with Hypertension Vary by Race or Ethnicity. 
  • How big are educational and racial fertility differentials in the U.S.? 
  • Hypertension in Brazil: a review of the epidemiological evidence. 
  • Hypochondriacal patients' beliefs about good health. 
  • ITPA gene variants protect against anaemia in patients treated for chronic hepatitis C. 
  • Impact of Race on Treatment and Survival among U.S. Veterans with Early-Stage Lung Cancer. 
  • Impact of diabetes screening on quality of life. 
  • Impact of participant and interventionist race concordance on weight loss outcomes. 
  • Impact of race on survival in men with metastatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer. 
  • Impact of recipient body mass index on organ allocation and mortality in orthotopic heart transplantation. 
  • Impact of ruptured cerebral aneurysm coiling and clipping on the incidence of cerebral vasospasm and clinical outcome. 
  • Impact of socioeconomic status and race on clinical parameters of patients undergoing radical prostatectomy in an equal access health care system. 
  • Impact of time of presentation on the care and outcomes of acute myocardial infarction. 
  • In genetic control of disease, does 'race' matter? 
  • In-hospital management of patients with atrial flutter. 
  • Incidence and remission of insomnia among elderly adults in a biracial cohort. 
  • Incident ESRD and treatment-resistant hypertension: the reasons for geographic and racial differences in stroke (REGARDS) study. 
  • Increasing the pipeline and diversity of doctorally prepared nurses: Description and preliminary evaluation of a health disparities summer research program. 
  • Inequalities in the use of helmets by race and payer status among pediatric cyclists. 
  • Influence of comorbid alcohol and psychiatric disorders on utilization of mental health services in the National Comorbidity Survey. 
  • Influence of race and sex on thrombogenicity in a large cohort of coronary artery disease patients. 
  • Initial Trends in the Use of the 21-Gene Recurrence Score Assay for Patients With Breast Cancer in the Medicare Population, 2005-2009. 
  • Initial results, reliability, and validity of a mental health survey of Mount Pinatubo disaster victims. 
  • Initiation and persistence of alcohol use in United States Black, Hispanic, and White male and female youth. 
  • Inpatient Rehabilitation Outcomes in a National Sample of Medicare Beneficiaries With Hip Fracture. 
  • Insulin resistance is associated with a metabolic profile of altered protein metabolism in Chinese and Asian-Indian men. 
  • Insurance Status, Not Race, is Associated With Use of Minimally Invasive Surgical Approach for Rectal Cancer. 
  • Insurance status and race represent independent predictors of undergoing laparoscopic surgery for appendicitis: secondary data analysis of 145,546 patients. 
  • Interethnic analyses of blood pressure loci in populations of East Asian and European descent. 
  • International justice and health: a proposal. 
  • Interplay between exercise and BMI; results from an equal access, racially diverse biopsy study. 
  • Intertask consistency of hemodynamic responses to laboratory stressors in a biracial sample of men and women. 
  • Intrayear household income dynamics and adolescent school behavior. 
  • Intrinsic breast tumor subtypes, race, and long-term survival in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study. 
  • Iron deficiency in patients with nonalcoholic Fatty liver disease is associated with obesity, female gender, and low serum hepcidin. 
  • Joint Bayesian analysis of birthweight and censored gestational age using finite mixture models. 
  • Latent class model characterization of neighborhood socioeconomic status. 
  • Latex allergy symptoms among health care workers: results from a university health and safety surveillance system. 
  • Liver and intestine transplantation in the United States 1998-2007. 
  • Liver and intestine transplantation in the United States, 1997-2006. 
  • Longitudinal and secular trends in adolescent whole-grain consumption, 1999-2004. 
  • Longitudinal links between spanking and children's externalizing behaviors in a national sample of White, Black, Hispanic, and Asian American families. 
  • Making the environmental justice grade: the relative burden of air pollution exposure in the United States. 
  • Maternal age, birth order, and race: differential effects on birthweight. 
  • Maternal periodontitis and prematurity. Part I: Obstetric outcome of prematurity and growth restriction. 
  • Measuring and explaining racial and ethnic differences in willingness to donate live kidneys in the United States. 
  • Meconium aspiration syndrome: have we made a difference? 
  • Mediating effects of cancer risk factors on the association between race and cancer incidence: analysis of the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study. 
  • Medicare Expenditures by Race/Ethnicity After Hospitalization for Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction. 
  • Medicare claims indicators of healthcare utilization differences after hospitalization for ischemic stroke: Race, gender, and caregiving effects. 
  • Metabolic Syndrome Prevalence by Race/Ethnicity and Sex in the United States, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-2012. 
  • Mind-Body Approaches to Treating Mental Health Symptoms Among Disadvantaged Populations: A Comprehensive Review. 
  • Minor depression and physical outcome trajectories in heart failure and pulmonary disease. 
  • Molecular analysis of a deletion polymorphism in alpha satellite of human chromosome 17: evidence for homologous unequal crossing-over and subsequent fixation. 
  • Monoracial and biracial children: effects of racial identity saliency on social learning and social preferences. 
  • Mothers' Psychological Distress and Feeding of Their Preterm Infants. 
  • Motivation to control prejudice predicts categorization of multiracials. 
  • Multi-site study of incidence of pressure ulcers and the relationship between risk level, demographic characteristics, diagnoses, and prescription of preventive interventions. 
  • Multiancestry Genome-Wide Association Study of Lipid Levels Incorporating Gene-Alcohol Interactions. 
  • Multiethnic genome-wide association study of cerebral white matter hyperintensities on MRI. 
  • Multiple myeloma and family history of cancer. A case-control study. 
  • Nasopharyngeal carcinoma in young patients: a systematic review of racial demographics. 
  • National trends in health care utilization and racial and socioeconomic disparities in pediatric pyogenic arthritis. 
  • Nationwide trends in the age adjusted prevalence of non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) across various races and gender in the USA. 
  • Neighborhood characteristics influence DNA methylation of genes involved in stress response and inflammation: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. 
  • Neutrophil, lymphocyte and platelet counts, and risk of prostate cancer outcomes in white and black men: results from the SEARCH database. 
  • New genetic loci link adipose and insulin biology to body fat distribution. 
  • No difference in response rate to a mailed survey among prostate cancer survivors using conditional versus unconditional incentives. 
  • Non-verbal communication between primary care physicians and older patients: how does race matter? 
  • Noncardiac comorbidities in heart failure with reduced versus preserved ejection fraction. 
  • Novel genetic associations for blood pressure identified via gene-alcohol interaction in up to 570K individuals across multiple ancestries. 
  • Obesity and prostate cancer: importance of race and stage of disease. 
  • Obesity prevalence among a group of Chicago residents with disabilities. 
  • Occupational exposure to crystalline silica and risk of systemic lupus erythematosus: a population-based, case-control study in the southeastern United States. 
  • Occupational outcomes of adult childhood cancer survivors: A report from the childhood cancer survivor study. 
  • Oncologist patient-centered communication with patients with advanced cancer: exploring whether race or socioeconomic status matter. 
  • Optic disk size variability between African, Asian, white, Hispanic, and Filipino Americans using Heidelberg retinal tomography. 
  • Optimization of informed consent for umbilical cord blood banking. 
  • Optimizing living donor kidney graft function by donor-recipient pair selection. 
  • Oxidative stress, oxidative balance score, and hypertension among a racially diverse population. 
  • Parental education and late-life dementia in the United States. 
  • Participation in a women's breast cancer risk counseling trial. Who participates? Who declines? High Risk Breast Cancer Consortium. 
  • Participation in surgical oncology clinical trials: gender-, race/ethnicity-, and age-based disparities. 
  • Pathologic apnea and brief respiratory pauses in preterm infants: relation to sleep state. 
  • Patient-related predictors of rehabilitation use for community-dwelling older Americans. 
  • Patterns of Sedation Weaning in Critically Ill Children Recovering From Acute Respiratory Failure. 
  • Perceived risk of regular cannabis use in the United States from 2002 to 2012: differences by sex, age, and race/ethnicity. 
  • Perceived transparency and fairness of the organ allocation system and willingness to donate organs: a national study. 
  • Perceiving social inequity: when subordinate-group positioning on one dimension of social hierarchy enhances privilege recognition on another. 
  • Perceptions of weight discrimination: prevalence and comparison to race and gender discrimination in America. 
  • Perinatal implications of motor vehicle accident trauma during pregnancy: identifying populations at risk. 
  • Physician Networks and Ambulatory Care-sensitive Admissions. 
  • Physician characteristics as predictors of blood pressure control in patients enrolled in the hypertension improvement project (HIP). 
  • Physician race and treatment preferences for depression, anxiety, and medically unexplained symptoms. 
  • Physicians' beliefs about discussing obesity: results from focus groups. 
  • Physicians' knowledge and attitudes regarding implantable cardioverter-defibrillators. 
  • Polymorphisms of p21 and p27 jointly contribute to an earlier age at diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. 
  • Population genetic structure of variable drug response. 
  • Population impact of mortality reduction: the effects of elimination of major causes of death on the 'saved' population. 
  • Population studies of pepsinogen polymorphism. 
  • Posttransplant hypertension in blacks versus nonblacks. 
  • Posttraumatic stress disorder: epidemiology and health-related considerations. 
  • Pre-enrollment diets of Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension trial participants. DASH Collaborative Research Group. 
  • Predialysis health, dialysis timing, and outcomes among older United States adults. 
  • Prediction of bronchopulmonary dysplasia by postnatal age in extremely premature infants. 
  • Prediction of incident heart failure in general practice: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. 
  • Predictors of blood pressure response to intensified and fixed combination treatment of hypertension: the ACCOMPLISH study. 
  • Predictors of consent to pharmacogenomics testing in the IDEAL study. 
  • Predictors of delivery of hospital-based heart failure patient education: a report from OPTIMIZE-HF. 
  • Predictors of long-term adherence to evidence-based cardiovascular disease medications in outpatients with stable atherothrombotic disease: findings from the REACH Registry. 
  • Predictors of rapid brain imaging in acute stroke: analysis of the Get With the Guidelines-Stroke program. 
  • Presence and correlates of racial disparities in adherence to colorectal cancer screening guidelines. 
  • Prevalence and distribution of corrective lenses among school-age children. 
  • Prevalence and variability of internal mammary artery graft use in contemporary multivessel coronary artery bypass graft surgery: analysis of the Society of Thoracic Surgeons National Cardiac Database. 
  • Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and the serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the United States: data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 
  • Primary prevention implantable cardioverter-defibrillators in older racial and ethnic minority patients. 
  • Primary prevention of ischemic stroke: A statement for healthcare professionals from the Stroke Council of the American Heart Association. 
  • Primary prevention of ischemic stroke: A statement for healthcare professionals from the Stroke Council of the American Heart Association. 
  • Prostate cancer in North Carolina. 
  • Protecting Confidentiality in Cancer Registry Data With Geographic Identifiers. 
  • Provider and patient drivers of ototopical antibiotic prescription variability. 
  • Provider-level effects on psychiatric inpatient length of stay for youth with mental health and substance abuse disorders. 
  • Psychosocial Stress and Preterm Birth: The Impact of Parity and Race. 
  • Public attitudes toward incentives for organ donation: a national study of different racial/ethnic and income groups. 
  • Public preferences for efficiency and racial equity in kidney transplant allocation decisions. 
  • Public school choice and integration evidence from Durham, North Carolina. 
  • Quality of Life and Recommendations for Further Care. 
  • Quality of care for atrial fibrillation among patients hospitalized for heart failure. 
  • Race Research and the Ethics of Belief. 
  • Race affects outcome among infants with intestinal failure. 
  • Race and Sex Differences in Post-Myocardial Infarction Angina Frequency and Risk of 1-Year Unplanned Rehospitalization. 
  • Race and gender comparisons: I. Hemodynamic responses to a series of stressors. 
  • Race and gender comparisons: II. Predictions of work blood pressure from laboratory baseline and cardiovascular reactivity measures. 
  • Race and gender variation in the QT interval and its association with mortality in patients with coronary artery disease: results from the Duke Databank for Cardiovascular Disease (DDCD). 
  • Race and myeloma survival. 
  • Race and risk of metastases and survival after radical prostatectomy: Results from the SEARCH database. 
  • Race and surgical residency: results from a national survey of 4339 US general surgery residents. 
  • Race as a predictor of postoperative hospital readmission after spine surgery. 
  • Race as an outcome predictor after radical prostatectomy: results from the Shared Equal Access Regional Cancer Hospital (SEARCH) database. 
  • Race differences in the relation of vitamins A, C, E, and β-carotene to metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers. 
  • Race disparity in grants: check the citations. 
  • Race does not predict the development of metastases in men with nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. 
  • Race plus IQ does not equal science. 
  • Race, Income, and Disease Outcomes in Juvenile Dermatomyositis. 
  • Race, common genetic variation, and therapeutic response disparities in heart failure. 
  • Race, ethnicity, ancestry, and pharmacogenetics. 
  • Race, ethnicity, and the physician assistant profession. 
  • Race, exercise training, and outcomes in chronic heart failure: findings from Heart Failure - a Controlled Trial Investigating Outcomes in Exercise TraiNing (HF-ACTION). 
  • Race, insurance status, and traumatic brain injury outcomes before and after enactment of the Affordable Care Act. 
  • Race, sex, and puberty influence onset, severity, and outcome in juvenile myasthenia gravis. 
  • Race, wealth, and solid waste facilities in North Carolina. 
  • Race-ethnicity and health trajectories: tests of three hypotheses across multiple groups and health outcomes. 
  • Race/Ethnicity and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Adults With CKD: Findings From the CRIC (Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort) and Hispanic CRIC Studies. 
  • Race/ethnicity and socio-economic differences in colorectal cancer surgery outcomes: analysis of the nationwide inpatient sample. 
  • Race/ethnicity, quality of care, and outcomes in ischemic stroke. 
  • Race/ethnicity, socioeconomic characteristics, coethnic social ties, and health: evidence from the national Jewish population survey. 
  • Race/ethnicity: who is counting what? 
  • Racial Differences in Associations of Blood Pressure Components in Young Adulthood With Incident Cardiovascular Disease by Middle Age: Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study. 
  • Racial and Ethnic Differences in Trajectories of Hospitalization in US Men and Women With Heart Failure. 
  • Racial and Ethnic Disparities in the Pregnancies of Women With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. 
  • Racial and Ethnic Health Care Disparities Among Women in the Veterans Affairs Healthcare System: A Systematic Review. 
  • Racial and ethnic differences in osteoarthritis: prevalence, outcomes, and medical care. 
  • Racial and ethnic differences in outcomes in older patients with acute ischemic stroke. 
  • Racial and ethnic differences in the prevalence, management, and outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation: A systematic review. 
  • Racial and ethnic disparities in cancer pain management. 
  • Racial and ethnic disparities in care: the perspectives of cardiovascular surgeons. 
  • Racial and ethnic disparities in pain: causes and consequences of unequal care. 
  • Racial and ethnic disparities in palliative care. 
  • Racial and socio-economic disparities in breast cancer hospitalization outcomes by insurance status. 
  • Racial and socioeconomic disparities in parkinsonism. 
  • Racial and socioeconomic disparities in pediatric and young adult liver transplant outcomes. 
  • Racial differences and determinants of macular thickness profiles in multiethnic Asian population: the Singapore Epidemiology of Eye Diseases Study. 
  • Racial differences in abnormal ambulatory blood pressure monitoring measures: Results from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study. 
  • Racial differences in long-term survival among patients with coronary artery disease. 
  • Racial differences in pain during 1 year among women with metastatic breast cancer: a hazards analysis of interval-censored data. 
  • Racial differences in self-reported exposure to information about hospice care. 
  • Racial differences in the built environment--body mass index relationship? A geospatial analysis of adolescents in urban neighborhoods. 
  • Racial differences in the relationship between alcohol consumption in early adulthood and occupational attainment at midlife. 
  • Racial discrimination and physical activity among low-income-housing residents. 
  • Racial disparities in outcomes after spinal cord injury. 
  • Racial disparities in trajectories of dental caries experience. 
  • Racial diversity in uterine leiomyoma clinical studies. 
  • Racial diversity with high nucleated cell counts and CD34 counts achieved in a national network of cord blood banks. 
  • Racial variation in adjuvant chemotherapy initiation among breast cancer patients receiving oncotype DX testing. 
  • Racial variation in the use of coronary-revascularization procedures. 
  • Racial variation in wanting and obtaining mental health services among women veterans in a primary care clinic. 
  • Racial variations in postoperative outcomes of carotid endarterectomy: evidence from the Veterans Affairs National Surgical Quality Improvement Program. 
  • Racial variations in the prevalence of refractive errors in the United States: the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis. 
  • Racial variations in the rates of carotid angiography and endarterectomy in patients with stroke and transient ischemic attack. 
  • Racial, Ethnic, and Socioeconomic Disparities in Retinoblastoma Enucleation: A Population-Based Study, SEER 18 2000-2014. 
  • Racial, ethnic, and affluence differences in elderly patients' use of teaching hospitals. 
  • Racial/Ethnic Differences in Cognitive Symptoms During the Menopausal Transition. 
  • Racial/Ethnic Disparities in BRCA Counseling and Testing: a Narrative Review. 
  • Racial/Ethnic differences in process of care and outcomes among patients hospitalized with intracerebral hemorrhage. 
  • Racial/ethnic differences in atrial fibrillation symptoms, treatment patterns, and outcomes: Insights from Outcomes Registry for Better Informed Treatment for Atrial Fibrillation Registry. 
  • Racial/ethnic differences in sleep quality among older adults with osteoarthritis. 
  • Racial/ethnic variation in perceptions of medical information sources in Durham County, North Carolina. 
  • Racially based disparities in pain management: something old, something new, but what to do? 
  • Racially diverse classrooms: effects of classroom racial composition on interracial peer relationships. 
  • Rationale and design of the East-West late lumen loss study: Comparison of late lumen loss between Eastern and Western drug-eluting stent study cohorts. 
  • Reach of Effective, Nationally-Available, Low-Cost, Nonprofit Weight Loss Program in Medically Underserved Areas (MUAs). 
  • Reaching for Health Equity and Social Justice in Baltimore: The Evolution of an Academic-Community Partnership and Conceptual Framework to Address Hypertension Disparities. 
  • Reasons for noncompletion of advance directives in a cardiac intensive care unit. 
  • Rebuttal to Hasan and Pedraza in comments and controversies: "Improving the reliability of manual and automated methods for hippocampal and amygdala volume measurements". 
  • Relation between time of symptom onset of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and patient baseline characteristics: from the National Cardiovascular Data Registry. 
  • Relationship between Hospital 30-Day Mortality Rates for Heart Failure and Patterns of Early Inpatient Comfort Care. 
  • Relationship of Lipids and Lipid-Lowering Medications With Cognitive Function: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. 
  • Religious attitudes and practices of hospitalized medically ill older adults. 
  • Reporting and representation of race/ethnicity in published randomized trials. 
  • Reporting of race and ethnicity in breast cancer research: room for improvement. 
  • Response to Letter to the Editor: Vitamin D status may help explain racial disparities in breast cancer hospitalization outcomes. 
  • Response to Letter: Comment on "Insurance Status, Not Race Is Associated With Use of Minimally Invasive Surgical Approach for Rectal Cancer". 
  • Retinal arteriolar narrowing and subsequent development of CKD Stage 3: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). 
  • Retinal microvascular abnormalities and cognitive impairment in middle-aged persons: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. 
  • Risk factors for necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants: how race, gender, and health status contribute. 
  • Risk of exogenous estrogen therapy and endometrial cancer. 
  • Role of patient factors, preferences, and distrust in health care and access to liver transplantation and organ donation. 
  • Room for Improvement Remains in Food Consumption Patterns of Young Children Aged 2-4 Years. 
  • Sarcoidosis. 
  • Screening for Hypertension and Lowering Blood Pressure for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Events. 
  • Second malignancies in cutaneous T cell lymphoma. 
  • Secular trends in ischemic heart disease mortality: regional variation. 
  • Serial MR imaging of volumes of hyperintense white matter lesions in elderly patients: correlation with vascular risk factors. 
  • Sex and Race/Ethnicity Differences in Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Counseling and Use Among Patients Hospitalized With Heart Failure: Findings from the Get With The Guidelines-Heart Failure Program. 
  • Sex and Racial Disparities in Cardiac Rehabilitation Referral at Hospital Discharge and Gaps in Long-Term Mortality. 
  • Silent cerebral infarction in patients enrolled in the TOAST Study. 
  • Sleep complaints in older adults: a racial comparison. 
  • Smoking cessation behavior in older adults by race and gender: the role of health problems and psychological distress. 
  • Socioeconomic Factors, Perioperative Complications, and 30-Day Readmission Rates Associated With Delayed Cranial Vault Reconstruction for Craniosynostosis. 
  • Socioeconomic Status, Not Race, Is Associated With Reduced Survival in Esophagectomy Patients. 
  • Socioeconomic status, race, and long-term outcomes after radical prostatectomy in an equal access health system: Results from the SEARCH database. 
  • Solid organ transplantation at the National Institutes of Health: development of a research-based transplantation practice. 
  • State policies targeting junk food in schools: racial/ethnic differences in the effect of policy change on soda consumption. 
  • Steroid use among adolescents: findings from Project EAT. 
  • Stress management improves long-term glycemic control in type 2 diabetes. 
  • Suicide in middle age and later life: sex and race specific life table and cohort analyses. 
  • Survival in systemic lupus erythematosus. A multivariate analysis of demographic factors. 
  • Tailored Case Management for Diabetes and Hypertension (TEACH-DM) in a community population: study design and baseline sample characteristics. 
  • Targeted Metabolomics Demonstrates Distinct and Overlapping Maternal Metabolites Associated With BMI, Glucose, and Insulin Sensitivity During Pregnancy Across Four Ancestry Groups. 
  • Targeting physical activity interventions for adults: When should intervention occur? 
  • Telomere length is associated with sleep duration but not sleep quality in adults with human immunodeficiency virus. 
  • The DASH diet and sodium reduction improve markers of bone turnover and calcium metabolism in adults. 
  • The East-West late lumen loss study: Comparison of angiographic late lumen loss between Eastern and Western drug-eluting stent study cohorts. 
  • The International HapMap Project. 
  • The Lancer Ethnicity Scale. 
  • The Pregnancy in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome study: baseline characteristics of the randomized cohort including racial effects. 
  • The Worcester Venous Thromboembolism study: a population-based study of the clinical epidemiology of venous thromboembolism. 
  • The adolescent obesity epidemic: why, how long, and what to do about it. 
  • The association between social factors and physical activity among low-income adults living in public housing. 
  • The associations of patient demographic characteristics and health information recall: the mediating role of health literacy. 
  • The chromosome 3q25 genomic region is associated with measures of adiposity in newborns in a multi-ethnic genome-wide association study. 
  • The coalition to reduce racial and ethnic disparities in cardiovascular disease outcomes (credo): why credo matters to cardiologists. 
  • The contribution of sociodemographic, medical, and attitudinal factors to blood donation among the general public. 
  • The dynamics of health care opinion, 2008-2010: partisanship, self-interest, and racial resentment. 
  • The economic burden of anxiety disorders in the 1990s. 
  • The effect of cultural background on the usage of complementary and alternative medicine for chronic pain management. 
  • The effect of race and health-related factors on naming and memory. The MacArthur Studies of Successful Aging. 
  • The effects of exercise on the lipoprotein subclass profile: A meta-analysis of 10 interventions. 
  • The epidemiology of myasthenia gravis in central and western Virginia. 
  • The general public's concerns about clinical risk in live kidney donation. 
  • The health burden of diabetes for the elderly in four communities. 
  • The influence of psychosocial characteristics and race/ethnicity on the use, duration, and success of antiretroviral therapy. 
  • The relationship of mental and behavioral disorders to all-cause mortality in a 27-year follow-up of 4 epidemiologic catchment area samples. 
  • The role of genetic and sociopolitical definitions of race in clinical trials. 
  • The roles of race and socioeconomic factors in health services research. 
  • The strangest of all encounters: racial and ethnic discrimination in US health care. 
  • The surgery of poverty. 
  • Third World profile of racial differences in thrombolytic effects of streptokinase. 
  • Time to presentation with acute myocardial infarction in the elderly: associations with race, sex, and socioeconomic characteristics. 
  • Topical indomethacin therapy before argon laser trabeculoplasty. 
  • Toward more optimal use of primary prevention implantable cardioverter-defibrillators: how do we get there? 
  • Towards prenatal biomonitoring in North Carolina: assessing arsenic, cadmium, mercury, and lead levels in pregnant women. 
  • Trans-ethnic Meta-analysis and Functional Annotation Illuminates the Genetic Architecture of Fasting Glucose and Insulin. 
  • Treatment and risk in heart failure: gaps in evidence or quality? 
  • Treatment utilization among persons with opioid use disorder in the United States. 
  • Treatment with tissue plasminogen activator and inpatient mortality rates for patients with ischemic stroke treated in community hospitals. 
  • Trends and Demographics in the Utilization of Total Wrist Arthroplasty. 
  • Trends and correlates of cocaine use and cocaine use disorder in the United States from 2011 to 2015. 
  • Trends in annual dental visits among US dentate adults with and without self-reported diabetes and prediabetes, 2004-2014. 
  • Trends in breast cancer stage and mortality in Michigan (1992-2009) by race, socioeconomic status, and area healthcare resources. 
  • Trends in cannabis use disorders among racial/ethnic population groups in the United States. 
  • Trends in smoking and obesity among US adults before, during, and after the great recession and Affordable Care Act roll-out. 
  • Trends in stroke mortality: the impact of the Year 2000 Age Standard and the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th Revision. 
  • Trends in the epidemiology of total shoulder arthroplasty in the United States from 1990-2000. 
  • Trends in the incidence of atrial fibrillation in older patients initiating dialysis in the United States. 
  • Type 2 Diabetes and Musculoskeletal Symptoms Among Midlife Women. 
  • Understanding dementia prevalence among centenarians. 
  • Understanding racial/ethnic differences in breast cancer-related physical well-being: the role of patient-provider interactions. 
  • Unfair treatment, racial/ethnic discrimination, ethnic identification, and smoking among Asian Americans in the National Latino and Asian American Study. 
  • Upper-extremity deep vein thrombosis: a prospective registry of 592 patients. 
  • Urban Park Development and Pediatric Obesity Rates: A Quasi-Experiment Using Electronic Health Record Data. 
  • Using Multiple-hierarchy Stratification and Life Course Approaches to Understand Health Inequalities: The Intersecting Consequences of Race, Gender, SES, and Age. 
  • Using a latent variable approach to inform gender and racial/ethnic differences in cocaine dependence: a National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network study. 
  • VKORC1 haplotypes in five East-Asian populations and Indians. 
  • Validation study of medicare claims to identify older US adults with CKD using the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Study. 
  • Value of Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status in Predicting Risk of Outcomes in Studies That Use Electronic Health Record Data. 
  • What is the clinical significance of bone loss in primary hyperparathyroidism? 
  • Which Patients Require Extended Thromboprophylaxis After Colectomy? Modeling Risk and Assessing Indications for Post-discharge Pharmacoprophylaxis. 
  • Who trusts healthcare institutions? Results from a community-based sample. 
  • Will Precision Medicine Move Us beyond Race? 
  • Worksite medical home: health services use and claim costs. 
  • Yes: it can be a delusional symptom of psychotic disorders. 
  • You give me the chills: embodied reactions to inappropriate amounts of behavioral mimicry. 
• 

  Keywords of People

  • Fisher, Deborah Anne, Associate Professor of Medicine, Medicine, Gastroenterology
  • Grambow, Steven C., Assistant Professor of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Biostatistics & Bioinformatics
  • Laskowitz, Daniel Todd, Professor of Neurology, Duke Innovation & Entrepreneurship
  • Mentz, Robert John, Associate Professor of Medicine, Medicine, Cardiology
  • Milano, Carmelo Alessio, Professor of Surgery, Surgery, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery
  • Moody, James, Professor in the Department of Sociology, Rhodes Information Initiative at Duke
  • Muir, Kelly Walton, Associate Professor of Ophthalmology, Ophthalmology, Glaucoma
  • O'Connor, Christopher Michael, Richard Sean Stack, M.D. Distinguished Professor, Medicine, Clinical Pharmacology
  • Reed, Shelby Derene, Professor in Population Health Sciences, Duke Science & Society
  • Shaw, Ryan, Associate Professor in the School of Nursing, Duke Innovation & Entrepreneurship
  • Wu, Li-Tzy, Professor in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medicine, General Internal Medicine
  • Yancy Jr., William Samuel, Associate Professor of Medicine, Medicine, General Internal Medicine
  • Zafar, Syed Yousuf, Associate Professor of Medicine, Medicine, Medical Oncology