Biodiversity

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  Subject Areas on Research

  • A call for deep-ocean stewardship. 
  • A census of marine biodiversity knowledge, resources, and future challenges. 
  • A continental view of pine-associated ectomycorrhizal fungal spore banks: a quiescent functional guild with a strong biogeographic pattern. 
  • A molecular-based approach for examining responses of eukaryotes in microcosms to contaminant-spiked estuarine sediments. 
  • A multidimensional approach for detecting species patterns in Malagasy vertebrates. 
  • A multifactor analysis of fungal and bacterial community structure in the root microbiome of mature Populus deltoides trees. 
  • A necessarily complex model to explain the biogeography of the amphibians and reptiles of Madagascar. 
  • A novel framework for analyzing conservation impacts: evaluation, theory, and marine protected areas. 
  • A study of the effect of physical and chemical stressors on biological integrity within the San Diego hydrologic region. 
  • A test of the niche dimension hypothesis in an arid annual grassland. 
  • A(r)Ray of hope in analysis of the function and diversity of microbial communities. 
  • Abundance and genetic diversity of aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria of coastal regions of the pacific ocean. 
  • Achieving the convention on biological diversity's goals for plant conservation. 
  • Addition of multiple limiting resources reduces grassland diversity. 
  • Afforestation alters the composition of functional genes in soil and biogeochemical processes in South American grasslands. 
  • Africa: still the "dark continent". 
  • An ecosystem-based deep-ocean strategy. 
  • An estimate of the number of tropical tree species. 
  • Analysis of Plasmodium falciparum diversity in natural infections by deep sequencing. 
  • Antibacterial soap use impacts skin microbial communities in rural Madagascar. 
  • Approximate Bayesian Computation Reveals the Crucial Role of Oceanic Islands for the Assembly of Continental Biodiversity. 
  • Assessing the complex sponge microbiota: core, variable and species-specific bacterial communities in marine sponges. 
  • Averting biodiversity collapse in tropical forest protected areas. 
  • Avian influenza H5N1 in viverrids: implications for wildlife health and conservation. 
  • Bamboo Specialists from Two Mammalian Orders (Primates, Carnivora) Share a High Number of Low-Abundance Gut Microbes. 
  • Beyond neutral science. 
  • Biodiversity and REDD at Copenhagen. 
  • Biodiversity and Topographic Complexity: Modern and Geohistorical Perspectives. 
  • Biodiversity and the Lotka-Volterra theory of species interactions: open systems and the distribution of logarithmic densities. 
  • Biodiversity hotspots house most undiscovered plant species. 
  • Biodiversity: climate change or habitat loss - which will kill more species? 
  • Biodiversity: not just lots of fish in the sea. 
  • Biogeochemical consequences of rapid microbial turnover and seasonal succession in soil. 
  • Biomass and compositional responses of ectomycorrhizal fungal hyphae to elevated CO2 and nitrogen fertilization. 
  • Biopiracy: conservationists have to rebuild lost trust. 
  • Both life-history plasticity and local adaptation will shape range-wide responses to climate warming in the tundra plant Silene acaulis. 
  • Breeding birds on small islands: island biogeography or optimal foraging? 
  • Bryophyte diversity and evolution: windows into the early evolution of land plants. 
  • Bushmeat supply and consumption in a tropical logging concession in northern Congo. 
  • CO2-enrichment and nutrient availability alter ectomycorrhizal fungal communities. 
  • Can algal uptake stop NO3(-) pollution? 
  • Centrality in primate-parasite networks reveals the potential for the transmission of emerging infectious diseases to humans. 
  • Changes in assembly processes in soil bacterial communities following a wildfire disturbance. 
  • China's endemic vertebrates sheltering under the protective umbrella of the giant panda. 
  • Climate Change, deforestation and the fate of the Amazon 
  • Climate disruption and biodiversity. 
  • Common bacterial responses in six ecosystems exposed to 10 years of elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide. 
  • Common methods for fecal sample storage in field studies yield consistent signatures of individual identity in microbiome sequencing data. 
  • Community analysis reveals close affinities between endophytic and endolichenic fungi in mosses and lichens. 
  • Comparative genomics reveals insights into avian genome evolution and adaptation. 
  • Comparative tests of parasite species richness in primates. 
  • Comparison of fecal biota from specific pathogen free and feral mice. 
  • Compositional response of Amazon forests to climate change. 
  • Conflation of values and science: response to Noss et al. 
  • Conservation, biodiversity and infectious disease: scientific evidence and policy implications. 
  • Conservation. CITES designation for endangered rosewood in Madagascar. 
  • Conservation. Reconsidering the consequences of selective fisheries. 
  • Conservation: forest fragments, facts, and fallacies. 
  • Consumer versus resource control of producer diversity depends on ecosystem type and producer community structure. 
  • Controls over foliar N:P ratios in tropical rain forests. 
  • Convergent evolution of chromosomal sex-determining regions in the animal and fungal kingdoms. 
  • Cyanobacteria dominance influences resource use efficiency and community turnover in phytoplankton and zooplankton communities. 
  • Deep divergence and rapid evolutionary rates in gut-associated Acetobacteraceae of ants. 
  • Delimiting species without nuclear monophyly in Madagascar's mouse lemurs. 
  • Dengue subgenomic RNA binds TRIM25 to inhibit interferon expression for epidemiological fitness. 
  • Distinct microbial communities within the endosphere and rhizosphere of Populus deltoides roots across contrasting soil types. 
  • Distribution and diversity of planktonic fungi in the West Pacific Warm Pool. 
  • Diverse styles of submarine venting on the ultraslow spreading Mid-Cayman Rise. 
  • Diversification and the evolution of dispersal ability in the tribe Brassiceae (Brassicaceae). 
  • Diversity and carbon storage across the tropical forest biome. 
  • Diversity and evolution of the primate skin microbiome. 
  • Diversity and host range of foliar fungal endophytes: are tropical leaves biodiversity hotspots? 
  • Diversity and phylogenetic affinities of foliar fungal endophytes in loblolly pine inferred by culturing and environmental PCR. 
  • Diversity has stronger top-down than bottom-up effects on decomposition. 
  • Do threatened hosts have fewer parasites? A comparative study in primates. 
  • Does habitat disturbance increase infectious disease risk for primates? 
  • Dominant bacteria and biomass in the Kuytun 51 Glacier. 
  • Dual impacts of climate change: forest migration and turnover through life history. 
  • Earth BioGenome Project: Sequencing life for the future of life. 
  • Ecological restoration of rich fens in Europe and North America: from trial and error to an evidence-based approach. 
  • Ecology of the gastrointestinal parasites of Colobus vellerosus at Boabeng-Fiema, Ghana: possible anthropozoonotic transmission. 
  • Ecology. Cleaner lakes are dirtier lakes. 
  • Ecology. Domains of diversity. 
  • Ectomycorrhizal fungal diversity and community structure on three co-occurring leguminous canopy tree species in a Neotropical rainforest. 
  • Ectomycorrhizal fungal diversity in orchards of cultivated pecan (Carya illinoinensis; Juglandaceae). 
  • Effects of biodiversity on the functioning of trophic groups and ecosystems. 
  • Effects of selected pharmaceutically active compounds on treatment performance in sequencing batch reactors mimicking wastewater treatment plants operations. 
  • Elevational Ranges of Montane Birds and Deforestation in the Western Andes of Colombia. 
  • Elevational ranges of birds on a tropical montane gradient lag behind warming temperatures. 
  • Emerging Technologies to Conserve Biodiversity. 
  • Endemism and functional convergence across the North American soil mycobiome. 
  • Endosymbiosis. 
  • Enemies maintain hyperdiverse tropical forests. 
  • Environmental conditions influence the plant functional diversity effect on potential denitrification. 
  • Environmental controls on the landscape-scale biogeography of stream bacterial communities. 
  • Environmental factors regulate Paneth cell phenotype and host susceptibility to intestinal inflammation in Irgm1-deficient mice. 
  • Eutrophication weakens stabilizing effects of diversity in natural grasslands. 
  • Evidence for a Cenozoic radiation of ferns in an angiosperm-dominated canopy. 
  • Evidence from individual inference for high-dimensional coexistence: long-term experiments on recruitment response. 
  • Evolution of the hygiene hypothesis into biota alteration theory: what are the paradigms and where are the clinical applications? 
  • Evolutionary insights into the ecology of coronaviruses. 
  • Evolutionary origin of the latitudinal diversity gradient in liverworts. 
  • Expiry dates. 
  • Facilitation cascade drives positive relationship between native biodiversity and invasion success. 
  • Fast demographic traits promote high diversification rates of Amazonian trees. 
  • Feeding strategy shapes gut metagenomic enrichment and functional specialization in captive lemurs. 
  • Ferns diversified in the shadow of angiosperms. 
  • Fixing the global nitrogen problem. 
  • Flowering in grassland predicted by CO2 and resource effects on species aboveground biomass. 
  • Foundation species' overlap enhances biodiversity and multifunctionality from the patch to landscape scale in southeastern United States salt marshes. 
  • From selection to complementarity: shifts in the causes of biodiversity-productivity relationships in a long-term biodiversity experiment. 
  • Frontiers in climate change-disease research. 
  • Functional shifts in unvegetated, perhumid, recently-deglaciated soils do not correlate with shifts in soil bacterial community composition. 
  • Fungi in the Marine Environment: Open Questions and Unsolved Problems. 
  • Gaps contribute tree diversity to a tropical floodplain forest. 
  • Gastrointestinal microbiota alteration induced by Mucor circinelloides in a murine model. 
  • Generators of phenotypic diversity in the evolution of pathogenic microorganisms. 
  • Genetic variation in horizontally transmitted fungal endophytes of pine needles reveals population structure in cryptic species. 
  • Genomic structure and diversity of Plasmodium falciparum in Southeast Asia reveal recent parasite migration patterns. 
  • Genotypic diversity of anaerobic isolates from bloodstream infections. 
  • Global desertification: building a science for dryland development. 
  • Global patterns in peatmoss biodiversity. 
  • Global patterns of marine mammal, seabird, and sea turtle bycatch reveal taxa-specific and cumulative megafauna hotspots. 
  • Global patterns of terrestrial vertebrate diversity and conservation. 
  • Global protected area impacts. 
  • Grassland Arthropods Are Controlled by Direct and Indirect Interactions with Cattle but Are Largely Unaffected by Plant Provenance. 
  • Grassland species loss resulting from reduced niche dimension. 
  • Habitat fragmentation and effects of herbivore (howler monkey) abundances on bird species richness. 
  • Habitat-based cetacean density models for the U.S. Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico. 
  • Herbivores and nutrients control grassland plant diversity via light limitation. 
  • High diversity of medically important gastrointestinal rodent-borne helminths in Singapore. 
  • High plant diversity is needed to maintain ecosystem services. 
  • Historical effects on beta diversity and community assembly in Amazonian trees. 
  • Host and geographic structure of endophytic and endolichenic fungi at a continental scale. 
  • Host longevity and parasite species richness in mammals. 
  • How does plant chemical diversity contribute to biodiversity at higher trophic levels? 
  • How habitat-modifying organisms structure the food web of two coastal ecosystems. 
  • How many species of flowering plants are there? 
  • How to make more out of community data? A conceptual framework and its implementation as models and software. 
  • Human impacts on the rates of recent, present, and future bird extinctions. 
  • Hyperdominance in the Amazonian tree flora. 
  • Implications of nonrandom seed abscission and global stilling for migration of wind-dispersed plant species. 
  • Increased biodiversity in the environment improves the humoral response of rats. 
  • Increased diversification rates follow shifts to bisexuality in liverworts. 
  • Individual-scale inference to anticipate climate-change vulnerability of biodiversity. 
  • Individual-scale variation, species-scale differences: inference needed to understand diversity. 
  • Individuals and the variation needed for high species diversity in forest trees. 
  • Infectious diseases and extinction risk in wild mammals. 
  • Integrating impact evaluation in the design and implementation of monitoring marine protected areas. 
  • Integrative approaches to the study of primate infectious disease: implications for biodiversity conservation and global health. 
  • Integrative modelling reveals mechanisms linking productivity and plant species richness. 
  • Interactions between micro- and macroparasites predict microparasite species richness across primates. 
  • Introduced Species, Disease Ecology, and Biodiversity-Disease Relationships. 
  • Investigating niche partitioning of ectomycorrhizal fungi in specialized rooting zones of the monodominant leguminous tree Dicymbe corymbosa. 
  • It is Time to Stop Missing the Forest for the Trees: The Debate on Corticosteroid Use in Pediatric Heart Surgery. 
  • Land-use and land-cover change shape the sustainability and impacts of protected areas. 
  • Lessons learned from coordinating research on the North Atlantic (CORONA). 
  • Linking populations to landscapes: richness scenarios resulting from changes in the dynamics of an ecosystem engineer. 
  • Local loss and spatial homogenization of plant diversity reduce ecosystem multifunctionality. 
  • Making marine life count: a new baseline for policy. 
  • Mammalian Herbivores Alter the Population Growth and Spatial Establishment of an Early-Establishing Grassland Species. 
  • Man and the last great wilderness: human impact on the deep sea. 
  • Megafauna and ecosystem function from the Pleistocene to the Anthropocene. 
  • Microbial community shifts influence patterns in tropical forest nitrogen fixation. 
  • Microbiome of the upper troposphere: species composition and prevalence, effects of tropical storms, and atmospheric implications. 
  • Modeling spatiotemporal dynamics of bacterial populations. 
  • Molecular characterization of the spatial diversity and novel lineages of mycoplankton in Hawaiian coastal waters. 
  • Molecular clocks and the early evolution of metazoan nervous systems. 
  • Money for nothing? A call for empirical evaluation of biodiversity conservation investments. 
  • Multidimensional trade-offs in species responses to disturbance: implications for diversity in a subtropical forest. 
  • Multiple dimensions of resource limitation in tropical forests. 
  • Native tree species regulate nitrous oxide fluxes in tropical plantations. 
  • Natural experiment demonstrates that bird loss leads to cessation of dispersal of native seeds from intact to degraded forests. 
  • Navigating the complexity of ecological stability. 
  • NeXML: rich, extensible, and verifiable representation of comparative data and metadata. 
  • Nested species-rich networks of scavenging vertebrates support high levels of interspecific competition. 
  • New North American truffles (Tuber spp.) and their ectomycorrhizal associations. 
  • New Uintan primates from Texas and their implications for North American patterns of species richness during the Eocene. 
  • Niche partitioning and biogeography of high light adapted Prochlorococcus across taxonomic ranks in the North Pacific. 
  • Nitrogen fertilization has a stronger effect on soil nitrogen-fixing bacterial communities than elevated atmospheric CO2. 
  • Non-neutral vegetation dynamics. 
  • Oceanic islands are not sinks of biodiversity in spore-producing plants. 
  • On population growth near protected areas. 
  • Overlooked mountain rock pools in deserts are critical local hotspots of biodiversity. 
  • Parasite-mediated evolution of the functional part of the MHC in primates. 
  • Parasites and the evolutionary diversification of primate clades. 
  • Pathogen regulation of plant diversity via effective specialization. 
  • Pattern and process in Amazon tree turnover, 1976-2001. 
  • Patterns and processes of microbial community assembly. 
  • Phenex: ontological annotation of phenotypic diversity. 
  • Phosphorus resource partitioning shapes phosphorus acquisition and plant species abundance in grasslands. 
  • Phylogenetic classification of the world's tropical forests. 
  • Phylogenetic evidence of a rapid radiation of pleurocarpous mosses (Bryophyta). 
  • Phylogenetic limiting similarity and competitive exclusion. 
  • Phylogeny and evolution of Malagasy plated lizards. 
  • Phylogeography of the arid-adapted Malagasy bullfrog, Laliostoma labrosum, influenced by past connectivity and habitat stability. 
  • Planetary Boundaries for Biodiversity: Implausible Science, Pernicious Policies. 
  • Plant and animal endemism in the eastern Andean slope: challenges to conservation. 
  • Plant community and soil chemistry responses to long-term nitrogen inputs drive changes in alpine bacterial communities. 
  • Plant community change mediates the response of foliar δ(15)N to CO 2 enrichment in mesic grasslands. 
  • Plant diversity predicts beta but not alpha diversity of soil microbes across grasslands worldwide. 
  • Plant species' origin predicts dominance and response to nutrient enrichment and herbivores in global grasslands. 
  • Predicting biodiversity change: outside the climate envelope, beyond the species-area curve. 
  • Predicting invasion in grassland ecosystems: is exotic dominance the real embarrassment of richness? 
  • Primate diversification inferred from phylogenies and fossils. 
  • Primate extinction risk and historical patterns of speciation and extinction in relation to body mass. 
  • Productivity is a poor predictor of plant species richness. 
  • Protect the deep sea. 
  • Quantitative analysis of the spatiotemporal dynamics of a synthetic predator-prey ecosystem. 
  • Range change evolution of peat mosses (Sphagnum) within and between climate zones. 
  • Range size heritability and diversification patterns in the liverwort genus Radula. 
  • Ranging patterns and parasitism in primates. 
  • Rapid evolutionary innovation during an Archaean genetic expansion. 
  • Rates of species loss from Amazonian forest fragments. 
  • Reconciling agriculture, carbon and biodiversity in a savannah transformation frontier. 
  • Regional decline of an iconic amphibian associated with elevation, land-use change, and invasive species. 
  • Reply to Brown et al.: Species and places are the priorities for conservation, not economic efficiency. 
  • Reply to Smith and Griffin: Methods, air flows, and conclusions are robust in the DeLeon-Rodriguez et al. study. 
  • Resolving the biodiversity paradox. 
  • Responses of tropical native and invader C4 grasses to water stress, clipping and increased atmospheric CO2 concentration. 
  • Restoring diversity after cattail expansion: disturbance, resilience, and seasonality in a tropical dry wetland. 
  • Results of efforts by the Convention on Biological Diversity to describe ecologically or biologically significant marine areas. 
  • Revealing how species loss affects ecosystem function: the trait-based Price Equation partition. 
  • Salt marshes. 
  • Science and regulation. Mountaintop mining consequences. 
  • Secondary foundation species as drivers of trophic and functional diversity: evidence from a tree-epiphyte system. 
  • Secondary foundation species enhance biodiversity. 
  • Separating the influence of resource 'availability' from resource 'imbalance' on productivity-diversity relationships. 
  • Setting practical conservation priorities for birds in the Western Andes of Colombia. 
  • Signatures of demography and recombination at coding genes in naturally-distributed populations of Arabidopsis lyrata subsp. petraea. 
  • Spatial heterogeneity in species composition constrains plant community responses to herbivory and fertilisation. 
  • Spatiotemporal modulation of biodiversity in a synthetic chemical-mediated ecosystem. 
  • Species delimitation in lemurs: multiple genetic loci reveal low levels of species diversity in the genus Cheirogaleus. 
  • Structure and function of alpine and arctic soil microbial communities. 
  • Surficial gains and subsoil losses of soil carbon and nitrogen during secondary forest development. 
  • Survey of corticioid fungi in North American pinaceous forests reveals hyperdiversity, underpopulated sequence databases, and species that are potentially ectomycorrhizal. 
  • Sustaining the variety of life. 
  • Sympatric parallel diversification of major oak clades in the Americas and the origins of Mexican species diversity. 
  • Targeted habitat restoration can reduce extinction rates in fragmented forests. 
  • Techniques for quantifying phytoplankton biodiversity. 
  • Tempo of trophic evolution and its impact on mammalian diversification. 
  • Temporal coexistence mechanisms contribute to the latitudinal gradient in forest diversity. 
  • The Chado Natural Diversity module: a new generic database schema for large-scale phenotyping and genotyping data. 
  • The Complex Links Between Governance and Biodiversity 
  • The Fate of the World's Plants. 
  • The Impacts of Oil Palm on Recent Deforestation and Biodiversity Loss. 
  • The Origin and Diversification of Birds. 
  • The Paucity of Frugivores in Madagascar May Not Be Due to Unpredictable Temperatures or Fruit Resources. 
  • The U.S. Culture Collection Network Responding to the Requirements of the Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit Sharing. 
  • The adaptive radiation of lichen-forming Teloschistaceae is associated with sunscreening pigments and a bark-to-rock substrate shift. 
  • The biodiversity of species and their rates of extinction, distribution, and protection. 
  • The coherence problem with the Unified Neutral Theory of Biodiversity. 
  • The diversity and biogeography of soil bacterial communities. 
  • The earliest stages of ecosystem succession in high-elevation (5000 metres above sea level), recently deglaciated soils. 
  • The effects of chronic nitrogen fertilization on alpine tundra soil microbial communities: implications for carbon and nitrogen cycling. 
  • The impact of large terrestrial carnivores on Pleistocene ecosystems 
  • The impacts of increasing drought on forest dynamics, structure, and biodiversity in the United States. 
  • The influence of balanced and imbalanced resource supply on biodiversity-functioning relationship across ecosystems. 
  • The macroecology of infectious diseases: a new perspective on global-scale drivers of pathogen distributions and impacts. 
  • The more things change, the more they stay the same? When is trait variability important for stability of ecosystem function in a changing environment. 
  • The ocean sampling day consortium. 
  • The population ecology and social behaviour of taxonomists. 
  • The restoration potential of the Mesopotamian marshes of Iraq. 
  • The role of diversification in community assembly of the oaks (Quercus L.) across the continental U.S. 
  • The spatial factor, rather than elevated CO₂, controls the soil bacterial community in a temperate Forest Ecosystem. 
  • Tighten regulations on deep-sea mining. 
  • Toward a trophic theory of species diversity. 
  • Toward an ecological classification of soil bacteria. 
  • Transient floral change and rapid global warming at the Paleocene-Eocene boundary. 
  • Tree species control rates of free-living nitrogen fixation in a tropical rain forest. 
  • Trematodes with a reproductive division of labour: heterophyids also have a soldier caste and early infections reveal how colonies become structured. 
  • Trophic downgrading of planet Earth. 
  • Tropical forests can maintain hyperdiversity because of enemies. 
  • US protected lands mismatch biodiversity priorities. 
  • Understanding biodiversity effects on prey in multi-enemy systems. 
  • Understanding rice adaptation to varying agro-ecosystems: trait interactions and quantitative trait loci. 
  • Variation in the microbiome of the urogenital tract of Chlamydia-free female koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus) with and without 'wet bottom'. 
  • What we know and don't know about Earth's missing biodiversity. 
  • When agendas collide: human welfare and biological conservation. 
  • Why a Planetary Boundary, If It Is Not Planetary, and the Boundary Is Undefined? A Reply to Rockström et al. 
  • Why species tell more about traits than traits about species: predictive analysis. 
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  Keywords of People

  • Pimm, Stuart L., Doris Duke Professor of Conservation Ecology in the Nicholas School of the Environment and Earth Sciences, Duke Science & Society
  • Poulsen, John R., Associate Professor of Tropical Ecology, Environmental Sciences and Policy
  • Swenson, Jennifer J., Associate Professor of the Practice of Geospatial Analysis, Environmental Sciences and Policy
  • Wernegreen, Jennifer Jo, Lee Hill Snowdon Associate Professor, Environmental Sciences and Policy
  • Williams, Blythe A., Associate Professor of the Practice in the Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Evolutionary Anthropology
  • Yoder, Anne Daphne, Braxton Craven Professor of Evolutionary Biology, Duke University