Body Size

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  Subject Areas on Research

  • A Quantitative Analysis of Growth and Size Regulation in Manduca sexta: The Physiological Basis of Variation in Size and Age at Metamorphosis. 
  • A Third-Generation Adaptive Statistical Iterative Reconstruction Technique: Phantom Study of Image Noise, Spatial Resolution, Lesion Detectability, and Dose Reduction Potential. 
  • A methodology for image quality evaluation of advanced CT systems. 
  • A quantitative analysis of the mechanism that controls body size in Manduca sexta. 
  • Allometry, Scaling, and Ontogeny of Form-An Introduction to the Symposium. 
  • An eco-physiological model of the impact of temperature on Aedes aegypti life history traits. 
  • Androgen and estrogen treatment, alone or in combination, differentially influences bone maturation and hypothalamic mechanisms that time puberty in the male rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta). 
  • Australopithecus sediba: a new species of Homo-like australopith from South Africa. 
  • Autism spectrum disorder in sub-saharan africa: A comprehensive scoping review. 
  • Automated size-specific CT dose monitoring program: assessing variability in CT dose. 
  • Body size across the life course and risk of premenopausal and postmenopausal breast cancer in Black women, the Carolina Breast Cancer Study, 1993-2001. 
  • Body size and lower limb posture during walking in humans. 
  • Body size determination in insects: a review and synthesis of size- and brain-dependent and independent mechanisms. 
  • Body size, brain size, and sexual dimorphism in Homo naledi from the Dinaledi Chamber. 
  • Bone-associated gene evolution and the origin of flight in birds. 
  • Cellular energetics and mitochondrial uncoupling in canine aging. 
  • Classification tree methods provide a multifactorial approach to predicting insular body size evolution in rodents. 
  • Comment on “Comparison of patient specific dose metrics between chest radiography, tomosynthesis, and CT for adult patients of wide ranging body habitus” [Med. Phys. 41(2), 023901 (12pp.) (2014)]. 
  • Comparative and population mitogenomic analyses of Madagascar's extinct, giant 'subfossil' lemurs. 
  • Comparative functional morphology of the primate peroneal process. 
  • Comparative spring mechanics in mantis shrimp. 
  • Comparison of patient size-based methods for estimating quantum noise in CT images of the lung. 
  • Comparison of patient specific dose metrics between chest radiography, tomosynthesis, and CT for adult patients of wide ranging body habitus. 
  • Conflicting processes in the evolution of body size and development time. 
  • Constraint and developmental dissociation of phenotypic integration in a genetically accommodated trait. 
  • Control of body size by oxygen supply reveals size-dependent and size-independent mechanisms of molting and metamorphosis. 
  • Convolution-based estimation of organ dose in tube current modulated CT. 
  • Dependence of morphometric allometries on the growth kinetics of body parts. 
  • Dependency of prescribed CT dose on table height, patient size, and localizer acquisition for one clinical MDCT. 
  • Determinants of climbing energetic costs in humans. 
  • Developmental causes of allometry: new models and implications for phenotypic plasticity and evolution. 
  • Developmental constraints on the evolution of wing-body allometry in Manduca sexta. 
  • Developmental mechanisms of body size and wing-body scaling in insects. 
  • Dietary quality and encephalization in platyrrhine primates. 
  • Does cesarean delivery impact infant weight gain and adiposity over the first year of life? 
  • Dosing antibiotics in neonates: review of the pharmacokinetic data. 
  • Dual-energy MDCT in hypervascular liver tumors: effect of body size on selection of the optimal monochromatic energy level. 
  • Effect of beam hardening on arterial enhancement in thoracoabdominal CT angiography with increasing patient size: an in vitro and in vivo study. 
  • Effect of organ enhancement and habitus on estimation of unenhanced attenuation at contrast-enhanced dual-energy MDCT: concepts for individualized and organ-specific spectral iodine subtraction strategies. 
  • Effect of patient size on radiation dose for abdominal MDCT with automatic tube current modulation: phantom study. 
  • Effects of body size on estimation of mammalian area requirements. 
  • Epidemiology of basal-like breast cancer. 
  • Ethnicity and the distance to the epidural space in parturients. 
  • Evaluating old truths: Final adult size in holometabolous insects is set by the end of larval development. 
  • Evidence for a tradeoff between retention time and chewing efficiency in large mammalian herbivores. 
  • Evidence of dietary differentiation among late Paleocene-early Eocene plesiadapids (Mammalia, primates). 
  • Evolution of the earliest horses driven by climate change in the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum. 
  • Evolutionary dynamics of sexual size dimorphism in non-volant mammals following their independent colonization of Madagascar. 
  • Expanding the Concept of Diagnostic Reference Levels to Noise and Dose Reference Levels in CT. 
  • Exploring the Role of Insulin Signaling in Relative Growth: A Case Study on Wing-Body Scaling in Lepidoptera. 
  • Extending the width of an operating table using armboards. 
  • Feather development genes and associated regulatory innovation predate the origin of Dinosauria. 
  • Feeding rates and under-ice foraging strategies of the smallest lunge filter feeder, the Antarctic minke whale (Balaenoptera bonaerensis). 
  • Folic acid supplementation before and during pregnancy in the Newborn Epigenetics STudy (NEST). 
  • Food responsiveness, parental food control and anthropometric outcomes among young American Indian children: cross-sectional and prospective findings. 
  • Gender differences in outcomes after primary angioplasty versus primary stenting with and without abciximab for acute myocardial infarction: results of the Controlled Abciximab and Device Investigation to Lower Late Angioplasty Complications (CADILLAC) trial. 
  • Great ranging associated with greater reproductive investment in mammals. 
  • Hierarchical state-space models of loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) movement in relation to turtle size and oceanographic features in the western Mediterranean Sea 
  • High-Pitch Dual-Source MDCT for Imaging of the Thoracoabdominal Aorta: Relationships Among Radiation Dose, Noise, Pitch, and Body Size in a Phantom Experiment and Clinical Study. 
  • High-Throughput Tissue Bioenergetics Analysis Reveals Identical Metabolic Allometric Scaling for Teleost Hearts and Whole Organisms. 
  • How mammalian predation contributes to tropical tree community structure. 
  • Identification of co-regulated transcripts affecting male body size in Drosophila. 
  • Impacts of female body size on cannibalism and juvenile abundance in a dominant arctic spider. 
  • Interdependencies of acquisition, detection, and reconstruction techniques on the accuracy of iodine quantification in varying patient sizes employing dual-energy CT. 
  • Investigation of sliced body volume (SBV) as respiratory surrogate. 
  • Lack of annexin 1 results in an increase in corticotroph number in male but not female mice. 
  • Large snake size suggests increased snakebite severity in patients bitten by rattlesnakes in Southern california. 
  • Lunge filter feeding biomechanics constrain rorqual foraging ecology across scale. 
  • Mainland size variation informs predictive models of exceptional insular body size change in rodents 
  • Maternal arsenic exposure, arsenic methylation efficiency, and birth outcomes in the Biomarkers of Exposure to ARsenic (BEAR) pregnancy cohort in Mexico. 
  • Mechanism of threshold size assessment: Metamorphosis is triggered by the TGF-beta/Activin ligand Myoglianin. 
  • Megafauna and ecosystem function from the Pleistocene to the Anthropocene. 
  • Metabolic acceleration and the evolution of human brain size and life history. 
  • Minke whale feeding rate limitations suggest constraints on the minimum body size for engulfment filtration feeding. 
  • Model-based CT performance assessment and optimization for iodinated and noniodinated imaging tasks as a function of kVp and body size. 
  • Modularity and scaling in fast movements: power amplification in mantis shrimp. 
  • Mutualism or parasitism? Using a phylogenetic approach to characterize the oxpecker-ungulate relationship. 
  • Neck circumference and cardiovascular outcomes: Insights from the Jackson Heart Study. 
  • Normalization considerations for using the unilateral seated shot put test in rehabilitation. 
  • Origin and evolution of large brains in toothed whales. 
  • Outcomes of Adult Patients with Small Body Size Supported with a Continuous-Flow Left Ventricular Assist Device. 
  • Overvaluation of shape and weight among overweight children and adolescents with loss of control eating. 
  • Parasite-mediated evolution of the functional part of the MHC in primates. 
  • Parasites and the evolutionary diversification of primate clades. 
  • Patient-Informed Organ Dose Estimation in Clinical CT: Implementation and Effective Dose Assessment in 1048 Clinical Patients. 
  • Patient-based estimation of organ dose for a population of 58 adult patients across 13 protocol categories. 
  • Patient-specific radiation dose and cancer risk for pediatric chest CT. 
  • Pediatric Chest CT Diagnostic Reference Ranges: Development and Application. 
  • Pelvic Morphology in Homo erectus and Early Homo. 
  • Perceptions of weight discrimination: prevalence and comparison to race and gender discrimination in America. 
  • Phenotypically linked dichotomy in sea turtle foraging requires multiple conservation approaches. 
  • Phylogenetic rate shifts in feeding time during the evolution of Homo. 
  • Phylogeny, scaling, and the generation of extreme forces in trap-jaw ants. 
  • Postcranial evidence from early Homo from Dmanisi, Georgia. 
  • Predicting euarchontan body mass: A comparison of tarsal and dental variables. 
  • Predicting the energy cost of terrestrial locomotion: a test of the LiMb model in humans and quadrupeds. 
  • Prenatal cortisol, prematurity and low birthweight. 
  • Primate extinction risk and historical patterns of speciation and extinction in relation to body mass. 
  • Pulmonary injury risk assessment for short-duration blasts. 
  • Radiation risk index for pediatric CT: a patient-derived metric. 
  • Rate of head growth decelerates and symptoms worsen in the second year of life in autism. 
  • Realistic phantoms to characterize dosimetry in pediatric CT. 
  • Reducing radiation exposure from survey CT scans. 
  • Revisiting the adaptive origins of primates (again). 
  • Role of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 5 (IGFBP5) in organismal and pancreatic beta-cell growth. 
  • Scaling of maneuvering performance in baleen whales: larger whales outperform expectations. 
  • Seafood prices reveal impacts of a major ecological disturbance. 
  • Sexual dimorphism and growth in Alouatta palliata based on 20+ years of field data. 
  • Size and shape: the developmental regulation of static allometry in insects. 
  • Size matters (but so does time), and it's OK to be different. 
  • Size, sex and individual-level behaviour drive intrapopulation variation in cross-ecosystem foraging of a top-predator. 
  • Size-specific optimization of CT protocols based on minimum detectability. 
  • Skeletal pathology in Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii in Kibale National Park, Uganda. 
  • Small-bodied humans from Palau, Micronesia. 
  • Spectral sensitivity in ray-finned fishes: diversity, ecology and shared descent. 
  • Stimulant-related reductions of growth rates in the PATS. 
  • Supply-side constraints are insufficient to explain the ontogenetic scaling of metabolic rate in the tobacco Hornworm, Manduca sexta. 
  • Synergism and Antagonism of Proximate Mechanisms Enable and Constrain the Response to Simultaneous Selection on Body Size and Development Time: An Empirical Test Using Experimental Evolution. 
  • Systematic review of prostate cancer's association with body size in childhood and young adulthood. 
  • Targeting risk factors for reducing the racially disparate burden in breast cancer. 
  • Testing parallel laser image scaling for remotely measuring body dimensions on mantled howling monkeys (Alouatta palliata). 
  • The Origin of Novelty Through the Evolution of Scaling Relationships. 
  • The acoustics and acoustic behavior of the California spiny lobster (Panulirus interruptus). 
  • The anatomy of Dolichocebus gaimanensis, a stem platyrrhine monkey from Argentina. 
  • The carboxypeptidase E knockout mouse exhibits endocrinological and behavioral deficits. 
  • The cellular and physiological mechanism of wing-body scaling in Manduca sexta. 
  • The constructal law of organization in nature: tree-shaped flows and body size. 
  • The developmental control of size in insects. 
  • The energetic cost of climbing in primates. 
  • The evolution of speed, size and shape in modern athletics. 
  • The evolutionary consequences of oxygenic photosynthesis: a body size perspective. 
  • The fastest animals and vehicles are neither the biggest nor the fastest over lifetime. 
  • The impact of actual body weight-based chemotherapy dosing and body size on adverse events and outcome in older patients with breast cancer: Results from Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB) trial 49907 (Alliance A151436). 
  • The impact of large terrestrial carnivores on Pleistocene ecosystems 
  • The influence of first-feeding diet on the Atlantic cod Gadus morhua phenotype: survival, development and long-term consequences for growth. 
  • The influence of natural diet composition, food intake level, and body size on ingesta passage in primates. 
  • The jaw adductors of strepsirrhines in relation to body size, diet, and ingested food size. 
  • The prevalence and validity of high, biologically implausible values of weight, height, and BMI among 8.8 million children. 
  • Throwing out the baby with the bathwater?: Comparing 2 approaches to implausible values of change in body size. 
  • Transgenic expression of pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor-1 rescues SPINK3-deficient mice and restores a normal pancreatic phenotype. 
  • Two-phase increase in the maximum size of life over 3.5 billion years reflects biological innovation and environmental opportunity. 
  • Uncertainty in allometric exponent estimation: a case study in scaling metabolic rate with body mass. 
  • Understanding hind limb weight support in chimpanzees with implications for the evolution of primate locomotion. 
  • Unifying constructal theory for scale effects in running, swimming and flying. 
  • Use of a Noise Optimized Monoenergetic Algorithm for Patient-Size Independent Selection of an Optimal Energy Level During Dual-Energy CT of the Pancreas. 
  • VirtualDose: a software for reporting organ doses from CT for adult and pediatric patients. 
  • Visual acuity in ray-finned fishes correlates with eye size and habitat. 
  • Vulnerable windows for developmental ethanol toxicity in the Japanese medaka fish (Oryzias latipes). 
  • Why are some species more commonly afflicted by arthritis than others? A comparative study of spondyloarthropathy in primates and carnivores. 
  • Why the bigger live longer and travel farther: animals, vehicles, rivers and the winds. 
  • Why whales are big but not bigger: Physiological drivers and ecological limits in the age of ocean giants. 
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  Keywords of People

  • Colsher, James George, Adjunct Assistant Professor in the Department of Radiology, Radiology
  • Moorman, Patricia Gripka, Professor Emeritus in Family Medicine and Community Health, Duke Cancer Institute
  • O'Daniel, Jennifer Colleen, Assistant Professor of Radiation Oncology, Radiation Oncology
  • Roth, V. Louise, Professor of Biology, Evolutionary Anthropology
  • Yoo, Sua, Associate Professor of Radiation Oncology, Radiation Oncology