Insulin-Secreting Cells

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  Subject Areas on Research

  • A Pdx-1-Regulated Soluble Factor Activates Rat and Human Islet Cell Proliferation. 
  • A Single Bout of Premeal Resistance Exercise Improves Postprandial Glucose Metabolism in Obese Men with Prediabetes. 
  • A VGF-derived peptide attenuates development of type 2 diabetes via enhancement of islet β-cell survival and function. 
  • A beta cell subset with enhanced insulin secretion and glucose metabolism is reduced in type 2 diabetes. 
  • A link between endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced β-cell apoptosis and the group VIA Ca2+-independent phospholipase A2 (iPLA2β). 
  • A novel role for the centrosomal protein, pericentrin, in regulation of insulin secretory vesicle docking in mouse pancreatic beta-cells. 
  • Activation of Nrf2 Is Required for Normal and ChREBPα-Augmented Glucose-Stimulated β-Cell Proliferation. 
  • Acute administration of unacylated ghrelin has no effect on Basal or stimulated insulin secretion in healthy humans. 
  • Adenylosuccinate Is an Insulin Secretagogue Derived from Glucose-Induced Purine Metabolism. 
  • Adiponectin is essential for lipid homeostasis and survival under insulin deficiency and promotes β-cell regeneration. 
  • Alterations in β-Cell Sphingolipid Profile Associated with ER Stress and iPLA2β: Another Contributor to β-Cell Apoptosis in Type 1 Diabetes. 
  • An intracellular role for ABCG1-mediated cholesterol transport in the regulated secretory pathway of mouse pancreatic beta cells. 
  • Ankyrin-B metabolic syndrome combines age-dependent adiposity with pancreatic β cell insufficiency. 
  • Aurora Kinase A is critical for the Nkx6.1 mediated β-cell proliferation pathway. 
  • Beta-cell function, insulin sensitivity, and glucose tolerance in obese diabetic and nondiabetic adolescents and young adults. 
  • Beta-cell sensitivity to glucose is impaired after gastric bypass surgery. 
  • Beta-cell sensitivity to insulinotropic gut hormones is reduced after gastric bypass surgery. 
  • Blockade of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor corrects postprandial hypoglycemia after gastric bypass. 
  • Cdc37/Hsp90 protein-mediated regulation of IRE1α protein activity in endoplasmic reticulum stress response and insulin synthesis in INS-1 cells. 
  • Cholinergic augmentation of insulin release requires ankyrin-B. 
  • Chronic suppression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 in beta-cells impairs insulin secretion via inhibition of glucose rather than lipid metabolism. 
  • Compensatory responses to pyruvate carboxylase suppression in islet beta-cells. Preservation of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. 
  • Consumption of meat is associated with higher fasting glucose and insulin concentrations regardless of glucose and insulin genetic risk scores: a meta-analysis of 50,345 Caucasians. 
  • Control of voltage-gated potassium channel Kv2.2 expression by pyruvate-isocitrate cycling regulates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. 
  • Cooperative transcriptional regulation of the essential pancreatic islet gene NeuroD1 (beta2) by Nkx2.2 and neurogenin 3. 
  • Could micro changes in β-cells enable major changes in metabolism? 
  • Defective prolactin signaling impairs pancreatic β-cell development during the perinatal period. 
  • Deletion of GαZ protein protects against diet-induced glucose intolerance via expansion of β-cell mass. 
  • Deletion of the glucagon receptor gene before and after experimental diabetes reveals differential protection from hyperglycemia. 
  • Diminished acyl-CoA synthetase isoform 4 activity in INS 832/13 cells reduces cellular epoxyeicosatrienoic acid levels and results in impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. 
  • Discordance between GLP-1R gene and protein expression in mouse pancreatic islet cells. 
  • Divalent metal transporter 1 regulates iron-mediated ROS and pancreatic β cell fate in response to cytokines. 
  • ER stress as a trigger for β-cell dysfunction and autoimmunity in type 1 diabetes. 
  • Effect of endogenous GLP-1 on insulin secretion in type 2 diabetes. 
  • Effect of glycemia on plasma incretins and the incretin effect during oral glucose tolerance test. 
  • Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Insulin Sensitivity and Secretion in Prediabetes. 
  • Effects of exercise training intensity on pancreatic beta-cell function. 
  • Enhanced Glucose Control Following Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy Does Not Require a β-Cell Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor. 
  • Expansion of adult beta-cell mass in response to increased metabolic demand is dependent on HNF-4alpha. 
  • First quantitative high-throughput screen in zebrafish identifies novel pathways for increasing pancreatic β-cell mass. 
  • FoxA2, Nkx2.2, and PDX-1 regulate islet beta-cell-specific mafA expression through conserved sequences located between base pairs -8118 and -7750 upstream from the transcription start site. 
  • Foxa1-deficient mice exhibit impaired insulin secretion due to uncoupled oxidative phosphorylation. 
  • Functional genomics of the beta-cell: short-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase regulates insulin secretion independent of K+ currents. 
  • Functional photoacoustic microscopy of diabetic vasculature. 
  • GPR92 activation in islet macrophages controls β cell function in a diet-induced obesity model. 
  • Gastric bypass alters both glucose-dependent and glucose-independent regulation of islet hormone secretion. 
  • Genome-wide association study in a Chinese population identifies a susceptibility locus for type 2 diabetes at 7q32 near PAX4. 
  • Glucagon lowers glycemia when β-cells are active. 
  • Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1). 
  • Going with the flow: adaptation of β-cell function to glucose fluxes after bariatric surgery. 
  • Group VIA Ca2+-independent phospholipase A2 (iPLA2beta) and its role in beta-cell programmed cell death. 
  • Group VIA Phospholipase A2 (iPLA2β) Modulates Bcl-x 5'-Splice Site Selection and Suppresses Anti-apoptotic Bcl-x(L) in β-Cells. 
  • Gαi/o-coupled receptor signaling restricts pancreatic β-cell expansion. 
  • Identification of a small molecule that stimulates human β-cell proliferation and insulin secretion, and protects against cytotoxic stress in rat insulinoma cells. 
  • Impaired beta-cell sensitivity to glucose and maximal insulin secretory capacity in adolescents with type 2 diabetes. 
  • Impaired insulin secretion and enhanced insulin sensitivity in cholecystokinin-deficient mice. 
  • Impaired proinsulin processing is a characteristic of transplanted islets. 
  • Improved glycemic control enhances the incretin effect in patients with type 2 diabetes. 
  • Induction of miR-132 and miR-212 Expression by Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (GLP-1) in Rodent and Human Pancreatic β-Cells. 
  • Induction of the ChREBPβ Isoform Is Essential for Glucose-Stimulated β-Cell Proliferation. 
  • Inhibitory G proteins and their receptors: emerging therapeutic targets for obesity and diabetes. 
  • Insights into beta cell regeneration for diabetes via integration of molecular landscapes in human insulinomas. 
  • Insulin Sensitivity and β-Cell Function Improve after Gastric Bypass in Severely Obese Adolescents. 
  • Intracellular lipid metabolism impairs β cell compensation during diet-induced obesity. 
  • Isolation of a mycoplasma-specific binding peptide from an unbiased phage-displayed peptide library. 
  • Knockdown of prolactin receptors in a pancreatic beta cell line: effects on DNA synthesis, apoptosis, and gene expression. 
  • Kv2.1 Clustering Contributes to Insulin Exocytosis and Rescues Human β-Cell Dysfunction. 
  • Lack of interaction of beta-cell-function-associated variants with hypertension on change in fasting glucose and diabetes risk: the Framingham Offspring Study. 
  • Lactogenic and somatogenic hormones regulate the expression of neuropeptide Y and cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript in rat insulinoma (INS-1) cells: interactions with glucose and glucocorticoids. 
  • Maladaptive positive feedback production of ChREBPβ underlies glucotoxic β-cell failure. 
  • Mechanisms controlling pancreatic islet cell function in insulin secretion. 
  • Mechanisms of disease:Molecular and metabolic mechanisms of insulin resistance and beta-cell failure in type 2 diabetes. 
  • Metabolic cycling in control of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. 
  • Modulation of wolframin expression in human placenta during pregnancy: comparison among physiological and pathological states. 
  • New insights into gestational glucose metabolism: lessons learned from 21st century approaches. 
  • Nonobese diabetic congenic strain analysis of autoimmune diabetes reveals genetic complexity of the Idd18 locus and identifies Vav3 as a candidate gene. 
  • Normal flux through ATP-citrate lyase or fatty acid synthase is not required for glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. 
  • Overexpression of pre-pro-cholecystokinin stimulates beta-cell proliferation in mouse and human islets with retention of islet function. 
  • Pancreatic beta-cell function as a predictor of cardiovascular outcomes and costs: findings from the Cardiovascular Health Study. 
  • Pathogenesis of A⁻β⁺ ketosis-prone diabetes. 
  • Pathogenesis of NOD diabetes is initiated by reactivity to the insulin B chain 9-23 epitope and involves functional epitope spreading. 
  • Pathological endoplasmic reticulum stress mediated by the IRE1 pathway contributes to pre-insulitic beta cell apoptosis in a virus-induced rat model of type 1 diabetes. 
  • Pdx-1 activates islet α- and β-cell proliferation via a mechanism regulated by transient receptor potential cation channels 3 and 6 and extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2. 
  • Persistent oxidative stress due to absence of uncoupling protein 2 associated with impaired pancreatic beta-cell function. 
  • Phenotypic Characterization of MIP-CreERT1Lphi Mice With Transgene-Driven Islet Expression of Human Growth Hormone. 
  • Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibition improves beta-cell function in metabolic syndrome. 
  • ROS signaling, oxidative stress and Nrf2 in pancreatic beta-cell function. 
  • Rap1 promotes multiple pancreatic islet cell functions and signals through mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 to enhance proliferation. 
  • Rapid deterioration of insulin secretion in obese adolescents preceding the onset of type 2 diabetes. 
  • Rapid hepatic metabolism blunts the endocrine action of portally infused GLP-1 in male rats. 
  • Regulation of islet beta-cell pyruvate metabolism: interactions of prolactin, glucose, and dexamethasone. 
  • Remodeling of the Acetylproteome by SIRT3 Manipulation Fails to Affect Insulin Secretion or β Cell Metabolism in the Absence of Overnutrition. 
  • Research Resource: Roles for Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Kinase 2 (CaMKK2) in Systems Metabolism. 
  • Role of calcium-independent phospholipase A(2)β in human pancreatic islet β-cell apoptosis. 
  • Role of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 5 (IGFBP5) in organismal and pancreatic beta-cell growth. 
  • Selective inhibition of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha dephosphorylation potentiates fatty acid-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress and causes pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction and apoptosis. 
  • Single-centre, triple-blinded, randomised, 1-year, parallel-group, superiority study to compare the effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy on remission of type 2 diabetes and β-cell function in subjects with morbid obesity: a protocol for the Obesity surgery in Tønsberg (Oseberg) study. 
  • Sleeve gastrectomy rapidly enhances islet function independently of body weight. 
  • Small interfering RNA-mediated suppression of proislet amyloid polypeptide expression inhibits islet amyloid formation and enhances survival of human islets in culture. 
  • Spontaneous development of endoplasmic reticulum stress that can lead to diabetes mellitus is associated with higher calcium-independent phospholipase A2 expression: a role for regulation by SREBP-1. 
  • Stimulation of human and rat islet beta-cell proliferation with retention of function by the homeodomain transcription factor Nkx6.1. 
  • Syntaxin 4 Expression in Pancreatic β-Cells Promotes Islet Function and Protects Functional β-Cell Mass. 
  • TCF1 links GIPR signaling to the control of beta cell function and survival. 
  • Targeting beta-cell mass in type 2 diabetes: promise and limitations of new drugs based on incretins. 
  • The Prohormone VGF Regulates β Cell Function via Insulin Secretory Granule Biogenesis. 
  • The effect of chronic twice daily exenatide treatment on β-cell function in new onset type 2 diabetes. 
  • The effects of aerobic, resistance, and combination training on insulin sensitivity and secretion in overweight adults from STRRIDE AT/RT: a randomized trial. 
  • The engine driving the ship: metabolic steering of cell proliferation and death. 
  • The incretins and beta-cell health: contrasting glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and glucagon-like peptide-1 as a path to understand islet function in diabetes. 
  • The interplay of prolactin and the glucocorticoids in the regulation of beta-cell gene expression, fatty acid oxidation, and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion: implications for carbohydrate metabolism in pregnancy. 
  • The liver--a potential new player in islet regeneration? 
  • The mitochondrial citrate/isocitrate carrier plays a regulatory role in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. 
  • The role of AMPK and mTOR in nutrient sensing in pancreatic beta-cells. 
  • The role of GIP in α-cells and glucagon secretion. 
  • The role of dysregulated glucagon secretion in type 2 diabetes. 
  • The role of voltage-gated potassium channels Kv2.1 and Kv2.2 in the regulation of insulin and somatostatin release from pancreatic islets. 
  • The role of β cell glucagon-like peptide-1 signaling in glucose regulation and response to diabetes drugs. 
  • The transcriptional response of the islet to pregnancy in mice. 
  • Thioredoxin-interacting protein mediates ER stress-induced β cell death through initiation of the inflammasome. 
  • Trefoil factor 3 stimulates human and rodent pancreatic islet beta-cell replication with retention of function. 
  • Ubiquitin fold modifier 1 (UFM1) and its target UFBP1 protect pancreatic beta cells from ER stress-induced apoptosis. 
  • Understanding of basic mechanisms of beta-cell function and survival: prelude to new diabetes therapies. 
  • β Cell tone is defined by proglucagon peptides through cAMP signaling. 
  • β-Cell Inactivation of Gpr119 Unmasks Incretin Dependence of GPR119-Mediated Glucoregulation. 
  • β-Cell Sensitivity to GLP-1 in Healthy Humans Is Variable and Proportional to Insulin Sensitivity. 
  • β-Cell-specific ablation of sirtuin 4 does not affect nutrient-stimulated insulin secretion in mice. 
  • β-cell dysfunction in adolescents and adults with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus. 
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  Keywords of People

  • Bennett, Vann, George Barth Geller Distinguished Professor of Molecular Biology, Duke Cancer Institute
  • Freemark, Michael Scott, Robert C. Atkins, M.D. and Veronica Atkins Distinguished Professor of Pediatrics, in the School of Medicine, Pediatrics, Endocrinology