Rats

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  Subject Areas on Research

  • (3H)norepinephrine binding and lipolysis by isolated fat cells. 
  • (Aryloxy)aryl semicarbazones and related compounds: a novel class of anticonvulsant agents possessing high activity in the maximal electroshock screen. 
  • 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 modulates glucocorticoid-induced alteration in serum bone Gla protein and bone histomorphometry. 
  • 12(S)-hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic acid is a more potent neutrophil chemoattractant than the 12(R) epimer in the rat cornea. 
  • 125I-labeled p-azidobenzylcarazolol, a photoaffinity label for the beta-adrenergic receptor. Characterization of the ligand and photoaffinity labeling of beta 1- and beta 2-adrenergic receptors. 
  • 13C NMR isotopomer analysis reveals a connection between pyruvate cycling and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). 
  • 17beta-Nitro-5alpha-androstan-3alpha-ol and its 3beta-methyl derivative: neurosteroid analogs with potent anticonvulsant and anxiolytic activities. 
  • 18F-EF5 PET imaging as an early response biomarker for the hypoxia-activated prodrug SN30000 combined with radiation treatment in a non-small cell lung cancer xenograft model. 
  • 2-, 5-, and 6-Halo-3-(2(S)-azetidinylmethoxy)pyridines: synthesis, affinity for nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, and molecular modeling. 
  • 2-[18F]F-A-85380: a PET radioligand for alpha4beta2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. 
  • 22Na+ and 86Rb+ transport in vascular smooth muscle of SHR, Wistar Kyoto, and Wistar rats. 
  • 23Na MRI combined with contrast-enhanced 1H MRI provides in vivo characterization of infarct healing. 
  • 28-day toxicology test: indenopyridine RTI 4587-056 in male Sprague-Dawley rats. 
  • 3,4-Diaryl-5-hydroxyfuranones: highly selective inhibitors of cyclooxygenase-2 with aqueous solubility. 
  • 3-Dimensional visualization of lesions in rat brain using magnetic resonance imaging microscopy. 
  • 3-Halo-5,7-dimethylpyrazolo [1,5-a]pyrimidines, a nonbenzodiazepinoid class of antianxiety agents devoid of potentiation of central nervous system depressant effects of ethanol or barbiturates. 
  • 3H-Dopamine uptake by synaptic storage vesicles of rat whole brain and brain regions. 
  • 4-Hydroxy-2(E)-nonenal (HNE) catabolism and formation of HNE adducts are modulated by β oxidation of fatty acids in the isolated rat heart. 
  • 4.5 kb of the rat tyrosine hydroxylase 5' flanking sequence directs tissue specific expression during development and contains consensus sites for multiple transcription factors. 
  • 440-kD ankyrinB: structure of the major developmentally regulated domain and selective localization in unmyelinated axons. 
  • 4D micro-CT using fast prospective gating. 
  • 5' flanking DNA sequences direct cell-specific expression of rat tyrosine hydroxylase. 
  • 5' flanking sequences of the rat tyrosine hydroxylase gene target accurate tissue-specific, developmental, and transsynaptic expression in transgenic mice. 
  • 5-HT receptors: implications for the neuropharmacology of alcohol and alcoholism. 
  • 5-Hydroxytryptamine2A receptors expressed in rat renal mesangial cells inhibit cyclic AMP accumulation. 
  • 5-Iodo-A-85380, an alpha4beta2 subtype-selective ligand for nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. 
  • 5-Lipoxygenase-activating protein is the target of a quinoline class of leukotriene synthesis inhibitors. 
  • 5-substituted derivatives of 6-halogeno-3-((2-(S)-azetidinyl)methoxy)pyridine and 6-halogeno-3-((2-(S)-pyrrolidinyl)methoxy)pyridine with low picomolar affinity for alpha4beta2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and wide range of lipophilicity: potential probes for imaging with positron emission tomography. 
  • 5alpha-Dihydrotestosterone binding to androgen binding protein. Effects of testosterone and other compounds in vivo and in vitro on the number of binding sites measured. 
  • 6-Azasteroids: potent dual inhibitors of human type 1 and 2 steroid 5 alpha-reductase. 
  • 6-Azasteroids: structure-activity relationships for inhibition of type 1 and 2 human 5 alpha-reductase and human adrenal 3 beta-hydroxy-delta 5-steroid dehydrogenase/3-keto-delta 5-steroid isomerase. 
  • 6-Hydroxydopamine injections into the nigrostriatal pathway attenuate striatal malonate and 3-nitropropionic acid lesions. 
  • 6-[18F]fluoro-A-85380, a novel radioligand for in vivo imaging of central nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. 
  • 6-hydroxydopamine destruction of central adrenergic neurones prevents or reverses developing DOCA-salt hypertension in rats. 
  • 6450 nm wavelength tissue ablation using a nanosecond laser based on difference frequency mixing and stimulated Raman scattering. 
  • 7alpha,11beta-Dimethyl-19-nortestosterone: a potent and selective androgen response modulator with prostate-sparing properties. 
  • 8(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid is the lipoxygenase metabolite of arachidonic acid that regulates epithelial cell migration in the rat cornea. 
  • 8-ISO-PGF2alpha production by alveolar macrophages exposed to hyperoxia. 
  • 9 -Tetrahydrocannabinol: a hypotensive effect in rats. 
  • 9-cis retinoic acid regulation of rat growth hormone gene expression: potential roles of multiple nuclear hormone receptors. 
  • A Pdx-1-Regulated Soluble Factor Activates Rat and Human Islet Cell Proliferation. 
  • A Peptide Uncoupling BDNF Receptor TrkB from Phospholipase Cγ1 Prevents Epilepsy Induced by Status Epilepticus. 
  • A Regenerative Cardiac Patch Formed by Spray Painting of Biomaterials onto the Heart. 
  • A Small Molecule Pyrazolo[3,4-d]Pyrimidinone Inhibitor of Zipper-Interacting Protein Kinase Suppresses Calcium Sensitization of Vascular Smooth Muscle. 
  • A VGF-derived peptide attenuates development of type 2 diabetes via enhancement of islet β-cell survival and function. 
  • A WAVE-1 and WRP signaling complex regulates spine density, synaptic plasticity, and memory. 
  • A behavioural characterization of neonatal infection-facilitated memory impairment in adult rats. 
  • A beta-adrenergic receptor kinase-like enzyme is involved in olfactory signal termination. 
  • A bioactive synthetic membrane improves bone healing in a preclinical nonunion model. 
  • A biometrical genome search in rats reveals the multigenic basis of blood pressure variation. 
  • A biophysical model of the cortex-basal ganglia-thalamus network in the 6-OHDA lesioned rat model of Parkinson's disease. 
  • A bistable Rb-E2F switch underlies the restriction point. 
  • A blinded randomized assessment of laser Doppler flowmetry efficacy in standardizing outcome from intraluminal filament MCAO in the rat. 
  • A brain-to-brain interface for real-time sharing of sensorimotor information. 
  • A branched-chain amino acid-related metabolic signature that differentiates obese and lean humans and contributes to insulin resistance. 
  • A calcineurin-dependent transcriptional pathway controls skeletal muscle fiber type. 
  • A calcium-responsive transcription factor, CaRF, that regulates neuronal activity-dependent expression of BDNF. 
  • A carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) binding protein from ascites influences CEA uptake by macrophages. 
  • A cellular protein is immunologically crossreactive with and functionally homologous to the Fujinami sarcoma virus transforming protein. 
  • A circuit model for saccadic suppression in the superior colliculus. 
  • A clinically relevant model of perinatal global ischemic brain damage in rats. 
  • A collagen-based nerve guide conduit for peripheral nerve repair: an electrophysiological study of nerve regeneration in rodents and nonhuman primates. 
  • A common ankyrin-G-based mechanism retains KCNQ and NaV channels at electrically active domains of the axon. 
  • A comparative study of the distributions of renin and angiotensinogen messenger ribonucleic acids in rat and mouse tissues. 
  • A comparative study of the effect of arterial and venous occlusion after various periods of ischemia. 
  • A comparison of 2H2O and phenylalanine flooding dose to investigate muscle protein synthesis with acute exercise in rats. 
  • A comparison of Zn2+- and Ca2+-triggered depolarization of liver mitochondria reveals no evidence of Zn2+-induced permeability transition. 
  • A comparison of absorbable and nonabsorbable sutures to vascular response in immature arteries. 
  • A comparison of hyperbaric oxygen versus hypoxic cerebral preconditioning in neonatal rats. 
  • A comparison of oral and rectal absorption of L-dopa esters in rats and mice. 
  • A comparison of tumor and normal tissue microvascular hematocrits and red cell fluxes in a rat window chamber model. 
  • A comparison using tissue electrical properties and temperature rise to determine relative absorption of microwave power in malignant tissue. 
  • A complexity drain on cells in the evolution of multicellularity. 
  • A computer model of engineered cardiac monolayers. 
  • A controlled high-fat diet induces an obese syndrome in rats. 
  • A controlled study of efficacy of interstitial or external irradiation in a virus-induced brain-tumor model in rats. 
  • A critical period for the role of thyroid hormone in development of renal alpha-adrenergic receptors. 
  • A crucial role for GRK2 in regulation of endothelial cell nitric oxide synthase function in portal hypertension. 
  • A distinctive subpopulation of medial septal slow-firing neurons promote hippocampal activation and theta oscillations. 
  • A dose dependent relationship between vitamin A and brain myelin lipids in vitamin A deficient rats. 
  • A dual-functional fibrous scaffold enhances P450 activity of cultured primary rat hepatocytes 
  • A family of calcium-dependent potassium channels from rat brain. 
  • A fast spin echo technique with circular sampling. 
  • A feed-forward spinal cord glycinergic neural circuit gates mechanical allodynia. 
  • A fluorescent assay for agonist-activated phospholipase D in mammalian cell extracts. 
  • A functional alternative splicing mutation in human tryptophan hydroxylase-2. 
  • A futile metabolic cycle activated in adipocytes by antidiabetic agents. 
  • A galactosylceramide binding domain is involved in trafficking of CLN3 from Golgi to rafts via recycling endosomes. 
  • A gene therapy strategy using a transcription factor decoy of the E2F binding site inhibits smooth muscle proliferation in vivo. 
  • A genetic linkage map of the laboratory rat, Rattus norvegicus. 
  • A glial fibrillary acidic protein-expressing and tumorigenic cell line derived from an avian sarcoma virus-induced rat astrocytoma. 
  • A grease-gap method for studying the excitatory amino acid pharmacology of CA1 hippocampal pyramidal cells. 
  • A head-only exposure system for controlled exposures of small rodents. 
  • A hierarchy of ankyrin-spectrin complexes clusters sodium channels at nodes of Ranvier. 
  • A high affinity, antidote-controllable prothrombin and thrombin-binding RNA aptamer inhibits thrombin generation and thrombin activity. 
  • A high mitochondrial transport rate characterizes CNS neurons with high axonal regeneration capacity. 
  • A high-density integrated genetic linkage and radiation hybrid map of the laboratory rat. 
  • A high-density, high-channel count, multiplexed μECoG array for auditory-cortex recordings. 
  • A laminin and nerve growth factor-laden three-dimensional scaffold for enhanced neurite extension. 
  • A large U3 deletion causes increased in vivo expression from a nonintegrating lentiviral vector. 
  • A low-cost, multiplexed electrophysiology system for chronic μECoG recordings in rodents. 
  • A low-cost, multiplexed μECoG system for high-density recordings in freely moving rodents. 
  • A low-cost, scalable, current-sensing digital headstage for high channel count μECoG. 
  • A major direct GABAergic pathway from zona incerta to neocortex. 
  • A manganese porphyrin superoxide dismutase mimetic enhances tumor radioresponsiveness. 
  • A manganese porphyrin suppresses oxidative stress and extends the life span of streptozotocin-diabetic rats. 
  • A map of 75 human ribosomal protein genes. 
  • A mathematical model for spirometry. 
  • A mathematical model of the myogenic response to systolic pressure in the afferent arteriole. 
  • A mathematical model of tryptophan metabolism via the kynurenine pathway provides insights into the effects of vitamin B-6 deficiency, tryptophan loading, and induction of tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase on tryptophan metabolites. 
  • A membrane-associated progesterone-binding protein, 25-Dx, is regulated by progesterone in brain regions involved in female reproductive behaviors. 
  • A method to convert MRI images of temperature change into images of absolute temperature in solid tumours. 
  • A method to replicate the microstructure of heart tissue in vitro using DTMRI-based cell micropatterning. 
  • A model for biliary and vascular access in the unanesthetized, unrestrained rat. 
  • A model of accelerated aging induced by 5-bromodeoxyuridine. 
  • A model of harmine metabolism in the rat. 
  • A model of intrinsic sphincteric deficiency in the rat: electrocauterization. 
  • A model of neural cross-talk and irritation in the pelvis: implications for the overlap of chronic pelvic pain disorders. 
  • A model of sequential heart and composite tissue allotransplant in rats. 
  • A model of status epilepticus based on electrical stimulation of hippocampal afferent pathways. 
  • A modified spectrophotometric method appropriate for measuring cholinesterase activity in tissue from carbaryl-treated animals. 
  • A moldable sustained release bupivacaine formulation for tailored treatment of postoperative dental pain. 
  • A multi-channel whisker stimulator for producing spatiotemporally complex tactile stimuli. 
  • A multicontrast MR atlas of the Wistar rat brain. 
  • A multidimensional magnetic resonance histology atlas of the Wistar rat brain. 
  • A multimodal micro-optrode combining field and single unit recording, multispectral detection and photolabeling capabilities. 
  • A new 440-kD isoform is the major ankyrin in neonatal rat brain. 
  • A new Kupffer cell receptor mediating plasma clearance of carcinoembryonic antigen by the rat. 
  • A new activity of doublecortin in recognition of the phospho-FIGQY tyrosine in the cytoplasmic domain of neurofascin. 
  • A new approach for assessing early osteoarthritis in the rat. 
  • A new in vivo method for quantitative analysis of stroke lesions using diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance microscopy. 
  • A new model of the blood--brain barrier: co-culture of neuronal, endothelial and glial cells under dynamic conditions. 
  • A new rat infection-heart transplant model: effect of infection on graft survival studies. 
  • A new structural variation on the methanesulfonylphenyl class of selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors. 
  • A new technique allowing prolonged temporary cerebral artery occlusion. 
  • A nitric oxide/cysteine interaction mediates the activation of soluble guanylate cyclase. 
  • A non-pungent resiniferatoxin analogue, phorbol 12-phenylacetate 13 acetate 20-homovanillate, reveals vanilloid receptor subtypes on rat trigeminal ganglion neurons. 
  • A non-transformed oligodendrocyte precursor cell line, OL-1, facilitates studies of insulin-like growth factor-I signaling during oligodendrocyte development. 
  • A nonradioactive assay for transfected chloramphenicol acetyltransferase activity using fluorescent substrates. 
  • A novel Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase and a male germ cell-specific calmodulin-binding protein are derived from the same gene. 
  • A novel N-acetylglucosaminidase from neonatal rat enterocytes. 
  • A novel N-aryl tyrosine activator of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma reverses the diabetic phenotype of the Zucker diabetic fatty rat. 
  • A novel angiopoietin-derived peptide displays anti-angiogenic activity and inhibits tumour-induced and retinal neovascularization. 
  • A novel basal promoter element is required for expression of the rat tyrosine hydroxylase gene. 
  • A novel in vitro assay of tumor-initiating cells in xenograft prostate tumors. 
  • A novel leptin receptor isoform in rat. 
  • A novel mouse model of red blood cell storage and posttransfusion in vivo survival. 
  • A novel nonopioid action of enkephalins: competitive inhibition of the mammalian brain high affinity L-proline transporter. 
  • A novel potassium channel with delayed rectifier properties isolated from rat brain by expression cloning. 
  • A novel rat contact lens model for Fusarium keratitis. 
  • A novel rodent mammary window of orthotopic breast cancer for intravital microscopy. 
  • A novel role for erythropoietin during fibrin-induced wound-healing response. 
  • A novel role for the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27(Kip1) in angiotensin II-stimulated vascular smooth muscle cell hypertrophy. 
  • A novel species-specific RNA related to alternatively spliced amyloid precursor protein mRNAs. 
  • A novel survival model of cardioplegic arrest and cardiopulmonary bypass in rats: a methodology paper. 
  • A novel ubiquitin-like modification modulates the partitioning of the Ran-GTPase-activating protein RanGAP1 between the cytosol and the nuclear pore complex. 
  • A nutritive control of independent ingestion in rat pups emerges by nine days of age. 
  • A pH-sensitive, neurogenic pathway mediates disease severity in a model of post-ERCP pancreatitis. 
  • A pathway of neuronal apoptosis induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation: roles of nuclear factor-kappaB and Bcl-2. 
  • A pentapeptide monocyte locomotion inhibitory factor protects brain ischemia injury by targeting the eEF1A1/endothelial nitric oxide synthase pathway. 
  • A peptide c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor blocks mechanical allodynia after spinal nerve ligation: respective roles of JNK activation in primary sensory neurons and spinal astrocytes for neuropathic pain development and maintenance. 
  • A peptide sequence on carcinoembryonic antigen binds to a 80kD protein on Kupffer cells. 
  • A perfusion chamber for the study of CNS physiology and pharmacology in vitro. 
  • A peripheral cannabinoid mechanism suppresses spinal fos protein expression and pain behavior in a rat model of inflammation. 
  • A pharmacodynamic model to investigate the structure-activity profile of a series of novel opioid analgesics. 
  • A pharmacoproteomic approach implicates eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase in ER stress-induced cell death. 
  • A phorbol ester augments cAMP content and adenylyl cyclase activity in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes despite reduced beta adrenoceptor density. 
  • A physical map of 30,000 human genes. 
  • A physicochemical study of fat absorption in rats. Limitation of methods in vitro. 
  • A pial window model for the intracranial study of human glioma microvascular function. 
  • A platelet-derived growth factor homolog secreted by alveolar macrophages is complexed to an alpha-macroglobulin. 
  • A polymorphism of the human matrix gamma-carboxyglutamic acid protein promoter alters binding of an activating protein-1 complex and is associated with altered transcription and serum levels. 
  • A portable ventilator with integrated physiologic monitoring for hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI in rodents. 
  • A positive modulator of K Ca 2 and K Ca 3 channels, 4,5-dichloro-1,3-diethyl-1,3-dihydro-benzoimidazol-2-one (NS4591), inhibits bladder afferent firing in vitro and bladder overactivity in vivo. 
  • A possible mechanism underlying mood disorders associated with LUTS: Chronic bladder outlet obstruction causes NLRP3-dependent inflammation in the hippocampus and depressive behavior in rats. 
  • A precision 3D conformal treatment technique in rats: Application to whole-brain radiotherapy with hippocampal avoidance. 
  • A preliminary gene map for the Van der Woude syndrome critical region derived from 900 kb of genomic sequence at 1q32-q41. 
  • A preliminary investigation of the parallelogram concept in genetic monitoring and risk estimation. 
  • A pyruvate cycling pathway involving cytosolic NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase regulates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. 
  • A quantitative magnetic resonance histology atlas of postnatal rat brain development with regional estimates of growth and variability. 
  • A radiohistochemical measure of [3H]TCP binding to the activated NMDA-receptor-gated ion channel in rat brain. 
  • A rapid capsaicin-activated current in rat trigeminal ganglion neurons. 
  • A rat liver 57-kDa protein is identified to share antigenic determinants with statin, a marker for nonproliferating cells. 
  • A rat model of the cognitive impairment from Pfiesteria piscicida exposure. 
  • A rationally designed monomeric peptide triagonist corrects obesity and diabetes in rodents. 
  • A reconstitution assay for the guanine nucleotide regulatory protein of the adenylate cyclase system using turkey erythrocyte membranes as the acceptor preparation. 
  • A reevaluation of the concept of separable periods of organizational and activational actions of estrogens in development of brain and behavior. 
  • A regenerative microchannel device for recording multiple single-unit action potentials in awake, ambulatory animals. 
  • A region of adenylyl cyclase 2 critical for regulation by G protein beta gamma subunits. 
  • A reliable, nondestructive animal model for interstitial cystitis: intravesical low-dose protamine sulfate combined with physiological concentrations of potassium chloride. 
  • A requirement for ankyrin binding to clathrin during coated pit budding. 
  • A requirement for the rac1 GTPase in the signal transduction pathway leading to cardiac myocyte hypertrophy. 
  • A residue in the transmembrane segment 6 of domain I in insect and mammalian sodium channels regulate differential sensitivities to pyrethroid insecticides. 
  • A rodent model of rapid-onset diabetes induced by glucocorticoids and high-fat feeding. 
  • A role for AQP5 in activation of TRPV4 by hypotonicity: concerted involvement of AQP5 and TRPV4 in regulation of cell volume recovery. 
  • A role for G(z) in pancreatic islet beta-cell biology. 
  • A role for leukotrienes in cyclosporine nephrotoxicity. 
  • A role for rat inositol polyphosphate kinases rIPK2 and rIPK1 in inositol pentakisphosphate and inositol hexakisphosphate production in rat-1 cells. 
  • A role for the epidermal growth factor-like domain of P-selectin in ligand recognition and cell adhesion. 
  • A selective imidazobenzodiazepine antagonist of ethanol in the rat. 
  • A selective inhibitor of eIF2alpha dephosphorylation protects cells from ER stress. 
  • A sensitive, specific radioisotope assay for L-glutamine-D-fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase. 
  • A signaling complex of Ca2+-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV and protein phosphatase 2A. 
  • A signalling pathway controlling c-Myc degradation that impacts oncogenic transformation of human cells. 
  • A simple method of obtaining repeated venous blood samples from the conscious rat. 
  • A simple technique for augmentation of axonal ingrowth into chondroitinase-treated acellular nerve grafts using nerve growth factor. 
  • A simplified method for isocratic HPLC analysis of polyamines. 
  • A simplified single stage total hepatectomy in the rat with maintenance of gastrointestinal absorptive function. 
  • A single high dose of cocaine induces differential sensitization to specific behaviors across adolescence. 
  • A small animal model of regional alveolar ventilation using HP 3He MRI1. 
  • A small molecular weight catalytic metalloporphyrin antioxidant with superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimetic properties protects lungs from radiation-induced injury. 
  • A source of bias in the analysis of single channel data: assessing the apparent interaction between channel proteins. 
  • A spontaneous, recurrent mutation in divalent metal transporter-1 exposes a calcium entry pathway. 
  • A study of the rat septohippocampal pathway using anterograde transport of horseradish peroxidase. 
  • A synergistic effect of total lymphoid irradiation, cyclosporine, and splenectomy in a hamster-to-rat hepatic xenograft model. 
  • A systematic review of methodology applied during preclinical anesthetic neurotoxicity studies: important issues and lessons relevant to the design of future clinical research. 
  • A systems genetics approach identifies Trp53inp2 as a link between cardiomyocyte glucose utilization and hypertrophic response. 
  • A theoretical model for the effects of reduced hemoglobin-oxygen affinity on tumor oxygenation. 
  • A thermally responsive biopolymer for intra-articular drug delivery. 
  • A tracer dose of technetium-99m-labeled liposomes can estimate the effect of hyperthermia on intratumoral doxil extravasation. 
  • A transforming growth factor beta type I receptor that signals to activate gene expression. 
  • A tuberous sclerosis complex signalling node at the peroxisome regulates mTORC1 and autophagy in response to ROS. 
  • A tyrosine hydroxylase-yellow fluorescent protein knock-in reporter system labeling dopaminergic neurons reveals potential regulatory role for the first intron of the rodent tyrosine hydroxylase gene. 
  • A unique role for striatal serotonergic systems in the withdrawal from adolescent nicotine administration. 
  • A versatile oblique plane microscope for large-scale and high-resolution imaging of subcellular dynamics. 
  • A wireless millimetric magnetoelectric implant for the endovascular stimulation of peripheral nerves. 
  • A wireless multi-channel recording system for freely behaving mice and rats. 
  • ALDH1L2 is the mitochondrial homolog of 10-formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase. 
  • ALSUntangled No. 34: GM604. 
  • AMP-activated kinase reciprocally regulates triacylglycerol synthesis and fatty acid oxidation in liver and muscle: evidence that sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase is a novel target. 
  • AMPA receptor-dependent clustering of synaptic NMDA receptors is mediated by Stargazin and NR2A/B in spinal neurons and hippocampal interneurons. 
  • AMPK and substrate availability regulate creatine transport in cultured cardiomyocytes. 
  • AQP2 is a substrate for endogenous PP2B activity within an inner medullary AKAP-signaling complex. 
  • AR-R17779, and alpha7 nicotinic agonist, improves learning and memory in rats. 
  • AT1 blockade prevents glucose-induced cardiac dysfunction in ventricular myocytes: role of the AT1 receptor and NADPH oxidase. 
  • Abnormal cardiac function in the streptozotocin-induced non-insulin-dependent diabetic rat: noninvasive assessment with doppler echocardiography and contribution of the nitric oxide pathway. 
  • Abnormal degradation of the neuronal stress-protective transcription factor HSF1 in Huntington's disease. 
  • Abnormal hyperexcitability of hippocampal slices from kindled rats is transient. 
  • Abnormal iron deposition in renal cells in the rat with chronic angiotensin II administration. 
  • Abnormal neuronal excitability in hippocampal slices from kindled rats. 
  • Abnormalities of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in Dahl rats. 
  • Abrogation of α-synuclein-mediated dopaminergic neurodegeneration in LRRK2-deficient rats. 
  • Absence of a role of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in the transport of amino acids by rat renal brushborder membrane vesicles. 
  • Absence of an effect of dietary corn oil content on plasma prolactin, progesterone, and 17 beta-estradiol in female Sprague-Dawley rats. 
  • Absence of carboxypeptidase E leads to adult hippocampal neuronal degeneration and memory deficits. 
  • Absence of direct antioxidant effects from volatile anesthetics in primary mixed neuronal-glial cultures. 
  • Absolute measurements of water content using magnetic resonance imaging: preliminary findings in an in vivo focal ischemic rat model. 
  • Accelerated development of rat sympathetic neurotransmission caused by neonatal triiodothyronine administration. 
  • Accelerated induction of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in PL/J mice by a non-V beta 8-specific superantigen. 
  • Acceleration of functional reentry by rapid pacing in anisotropic cardiac monolayers: formation of multi-wave functional reentries. 
  • Acclimation of C2C12 myoblasts to physiological glucose concentrations for in vitro diabetes research. 
  • Accumulation and endocrine disrupting effects of the flame retardant mixture Firemaster® 550 in rats: an exploratory assessment. 
  • Acetyl-L-carnitine deficiency as a cause of altered nerve myo-inositol content, Na,K-ATPase activity, and motor conduction velocity in the streptozotocin-diabetic rat. 
  • Acetylcholine Modulates Cerebellar Granule Cell Spiking by Regulating the Balance of Synaptic Excitation and Inhibition. 
  • Acetylenics. 2. Synthesis and pharmacology of certain N,N-diakyl-3-phenylpropyn-2-amines. Some analogues with tryptamine-like behavioral effects in mice. 
  • Achilles tendon healing: a correlation between functional and mechanical performance in the rat. 
  • Achilles tendon injuries: a comparison of surgical repair versus no repair in a rat model. 
  • Acidic fibroblast growth factor enhances peripheral nerve regeneration in vivo. 
  • Acidic fibroblast growth factor enhances regeneration of processes by postnatal mammalian retinal ganglion cells in culture. 
  • Acidic stimuli activates two distinct pathways in taste receptor cells from rat fungiform papillae. 
  • Acquiring local field potential information from amperometric neurochemical recordings. 
  • Acrylamide in polyacrylamide gels can modify proteins during electrophoresis. 
  • Acrylamide-regulated neurofilament expression in rat pheochromocytoma cells. 
  • Actin-associated neurabin-protein phosphatase-1 complex regulates hippocampal plasticity. 
  • Activated alpha 2-macroglobulin promotes mitogenesis in rat vascular smooth muscle cells by a mechanism that is independent of growth-factor-carrier activity. 
  • Activated cAMP-response element-binding protein regulates neuronal expression of presenilin-1. 
  • Activating PKC-β1 at the blood-brain barrier reverses induction of P-glycoprotein activity by dioxin and restores drug delivery to the CNS. 
  • Activation and odor conditioning of suckling behavior in 3-day-old albino rats. 
  • Activation of Cardiac Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 4 Causes Left Ventricular Hypertrophy. 
  • Activation of G551D CFTR channel with MPB-91: regulation by ATPase activity and phosphorylation. 
  • Activation of Gz attenuates Rap1-mediated differentiation of PC12 cells. 
  • Activation of NAD(P)H oxidase by lipid hydroperoxides: mechanism of oxidant-mediated smooth muscle cytotoxicity. 
  • Activation of Nrf2 Is Required for Normal and ChREBPα-Augmented Glucose-Stimulated β-Cell Proliferation. 
  • Activation of PKC isoform beta(I) at the blood-brain barrier rapidly decreases P-glycoprotein activity and enhances drug delivery to the brain. 
  • Activation of Rac1 promotes hedgehog-mediated acquisition of the myofibroblastic phenotype in rat and human hepatic stellate cells. 
  • Activation of adenylate cyclase by phosphoramidate and phosphonate analogs of GTP: possible role of covalent enzyme-substrate intermediates in the mechanism of hormonal activation. 
  • Activation of cannabinoid CB2 receptors suppresses C-fiber responses and windup in spinal wide dynamic range neurons in the absence and presence of inflammation. 
  • Activation of direct and indirect pathways of glycogen synthesis by hepatic overexpression of protein targeting to glycogen. 
  • Activation of excitatory amino acid receptors in the rat hippocampal slice increases intracellular Cl- and cell volume. 
  • Activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase in the anterior cingulate cortex contributes to the induction and expression of affective pain. 
  • Activation of kappa opioid receptors by U50488H and morphine enhances the release of substance P from rat trigeminal nucleus slices. 
  • Activation of metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype mGluR1 contributes to post-traumatic neuronal injury. 
  • Activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in spinal microglia contributes to incision-induced mechanical allodynia. 
  • Activation of phenylalanine hydroxylase by phenylalanine. 
  • Activation of substantia nigra neurons: role in the propagation of seizures in kindled rats. 
  • Activation of substantia nigra pars reticulata neurons: role in the initiation and behavioral expression of kindled seizures. 
  • Activation of the Nlrp3 inflammasome by mitochondrial reactive oxygen species: a novel mechanism of albumin-induced tubulointerstitial inflammation. 
  • Activation of the aryl-hydrocarbon receptor inhibits invasive and metastatic features of human breast cancer cells and promotes breast cancer cell differentiation. 
  • Activation of the de novo biosynthesis of sphingolipids mediates angiotensin II type 2 receptor-induced apoptosis. 
  • Activation of the external urethral sphincter central pattern generator by a 5-HT(1A) receptor agonist in rats with chronic spinal cord injury. 
  • Activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway through p75NTR: a common mechanism for the neurotrophin family. 
  • Activation of toll-like receptor 4 is necessary for trauma hemorrhagic shock-induced gut injury and polymorphonuclear neutrophil priming. 
  • Activation of transgene expression in skeletal muscle by focused ultrasound. 
  • Activation of vascular smooth muscle cells by TNF and PDGF: overlapping and complementary signal transduction mechanisms. 
  • Activation-dependent conformational changes in {beta}-arrestin 2. 
  • Active Dendrites and Differential Distribution of Calcium Channels Enable Functional Compartmentalization of Golgi Cells. 
  • Active involvement of PKC for insulin-mediated rates of muscle protein synthesis in Zucker rats. 
  • Active tactile exploration influences the functional maturation of the somatosensory system. 
  • Activities of the initial enzymes of glycerolipid and sphingolipid synthesis in lung microsomes from rats exposed to air or 85% oxygen. 
  • Activity changes in rats following acute trimethyltin exposure. 
  • Activity dependent localization of synaptic NMDA receptors in spinal neurons. 
  • Activity of intrathecal 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide in a nude rat model of human neoplastic meningitis. 
  • Activity of locus coeruleus neurons in amygdala kindled rats: role in the suppression of afterdischarge. 
  • Activity patterns in mesolimbic regions in rats during operant tasks for reward. 
  • Activity-dependent expression of ELAV/Hu RBPs and neuronal mRNAs in seizure and cocaine brain. 
  • Activity-dependent expression of RNA binding protein HuD and its association with mRNAs in neurons. 
  • Activity-dependent modulation of synaptic AMPA receptor accumulation. 
  • Activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein Arc/Arg3.1 binds to spectrin and associates with nuclear promyelocytic leukemia (PML) bodies. 
  • Acupuncture accelerates delayed gastrointestinal transit after abdominal surgery in conscious rats. 
  • Acute and Long-Term Effects of Brief Sevoflurane Anesthesia During the Early Postnatal Period in Rats. 
  • Acute and chronic dosing of Lepidium meyenii (Maca) on male rat sexual behavior. 
  • Acute and chronic effects of nicotine on synthesis and storage of catecholamines in the rat adrenal medulla. 
  • Acute and chronic interactive treatments of serotonin 5HT2C and dopamine D1 receptor systems for decreasing nicotine self-administration in female rats. 
  • Acute and chronic nicotine effects on working memory in aged rats. 
  • Acute and subacute effects of naturally occurring estrogens on luteinizing hormone secretion in the ovariectomized rat: Part 1. 
  • Acute and subacute effects of naturally occurring estrogens on luteinizing hormone secretion in the ovariectomized rat: Part 2. 
  • Acute changes in intracranial pressure and pressure-volume index after forebrain ischemia in normoglycemic and hyperglycemic rats. 
  • Acute difluoromethylornithine treatment increases skin flap survival in rats. 
  • Acute effects of MK801 on kainic acid-induced seizures in neonatal rats. 
  • Acute effects of cocaine on ornithine decarboxylase activity in fetal and neonatal rat heart: evidence for cardiotoxicity. 
  • Acute exposure to sarin increases blood brain barrier permeability and induces neuropathological changes in the rat brain: dose-response relationships. 
  • Acute in vivo genetic rescue demonstrates that phosphorylation of RIM1alpha serine 413 is not required for mossy fiber long-term potentiation. 
  • Acute local subcutaneous VEGF165 injection for augmentation of skin flap viability: efficacy and mechanism. 
  • Acute nicotine interactions with nicotinic and muscarinic antagonists: working and reference memory effects in the 16-arm radial maze. 
  • Acute oral 18-methoxycoronaridine (18-MC) decreases both alcohol intake and IV nicotine self-administration in rats. 
  • Acute pancreatitis induces FasL gene expression and apoptosis in the liver. 
  • Acute pulmonary toxicity of particulate matter filter extracts in rats: coherence with epidemiologic studies in Utah Valley residents. 
  • Acute spinal cord injury persistently reduces R/G RNA editing of AMPA receptors. 
  • Acute stimulation of ornithine decarboxylase in neonatal rat brain regions by nicotine: a central receptor-mediated process? 
  • Acute stress enhances the activity of the GABA receptor-gated chloride ion channel in brain. 
  • Acute suppression of insulin resistance-associated hepatic miR-29 in vivo improves glycemic control in adult mice. 
  • Acute, subacute, and residual effects of polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) in rats. II. Pathology and electron microscopy of liver and serum enzyme study. 
  • Acyl-CoAs are functionally channeled in liver: potential role of acyl-CoA synthetase. 
  • Adaptation to fat markedly increases pancreatic secretory response to intraduodenal fat in rats. 
  • Adaptation to hyperoxia in the neonatal rat: kinetic parameters of the oxygen-mediated induction of lung superoxide dismutases, catalase and glutathione peroxidase. 
  • Adaptive evolution drives the diversification of zinc-finger binding domains. 
  • Addition of an endothelin receptor antagonist to modified Belzer's perfusion preservation solution mitigates the adverse effect of preretrieval warm ischemic injury on posttransplant glomerular filtration rate. 
  • Addition of nitric oxide donor S-nitroso-N-acetylcysteine to selective iNOS inhibitor 1400W further improves contractile function in reperfused skeletal muscle. 
  • Addition of platelet-rich plasma supports immune modulation and improved mechanical integrity in Alloderm mesh for ventral hernia repair in a rat model. 
  • Additive and synergistic effects of fetal nicotine and dexamethasone exposure on cholinergic synaptic function in adolescence and adulthood: Implications for the adverse consequences of maternal smoking and pharmacotherapy of preterm delivery. 
  • Addressing cell-sourcing limitations with gene therapy. 
  • Adducin in erythrocyte precursor cells of rats and humans: expression and compartmentalization. 
  • Adducin is an in vivo substrate for protein kinase C: phosphorylation in the MARCKS-related domain inhibits activity in promoting spectrin-actin complexes and occurs in many cells, including dendritic spines of neurons. 
  • Adducin: Ca++-dependent association with sites of cell-cell contact. 
  • Adenine nucleotides of ischemic intestine do not reflect injury. 
  • Adeno-Associated Virus Capsid-Promoter Interactions in the Brain Translate from Rat to the Nonhuman Primate. 
  • Adeno-associated virus-mediated ILK gene silencing in the rat NAc core. 
  • Adenocarcinoma of the kidney. II. Enzyme histochemistry of renal adenocarcinomas induced in rats by N-(4'-fluoro-4-biphenylyl)acetamide. 
  • Adenosine A(3)-receptor stimulation attenuates postischemic dysfunction through K(ATP) channels. 
  • Adenosine nucleotides in bile. 
  • Adenosine triphosphate activates ion permeabilities in biliary epithelial cells. 
  • Adenosine-induced modulation of excitatory amino acid transport across isolated brain arterioles. 
  • Adenovirus-mediated gene transfer into rat cardiac allografts. Comparison of direct injection and perfusion. 
  • Adenovirus-mediated gene transfer of the beta2-adrenergic receptor to donor hearts enhances cardiac function. 
  • Adenovirus-mediated gene transfer to nonparenchymal cells in normal and injured liver. 
  • Adenovirus-mediated intraarterial delivery of PTEN inhibits neointimal hyperplasia. 
  • Adenovirus-mediated leptin expression normalises hypertension associated with diet-induced obesity. 
  • Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of liver 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase in gluconeogenic rat hepatoma cells. Paradoxical effect on Fru-2,6-P2 levels. 
  • Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of uncoupling protein-2 in pancreatic islets of Zucker diabetic rats increases oxidative activity and improves beta-cell function. 
  • Adenovirus-mediated transfer of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-alpha identifies a dominant antiproliferative role for this isoform in hepatocytes. 
  • Adenovirus-mediated transfer of the muscle glycogen phosphorylase gene into hepatocytes confers altered regulation of glycogen metabolism. 
  • Adenylosuccinate Is an Insulin Secretagogue Derived from Glucose-Induced Purine Metabolism. 
  • Adenylyl cyclase expression and modulation of cAMP in rat taste cells. 
  • Adhesion of Blood Plasma Proteins and Platelet-rich Plasma on l-Valine-Based Poly(ester urea). 
  • Adipocyte beta-adrenergic receptors. Identification and subcellular localization by (-)-[3H]dihydroalprenolol binding. 
  • Adipogenic and lipolytic effects of chronic glucocorticoid exposure. 
  • Adjuvant chemotherapy for colorectal hepatic metastases: role of route of administration and timing. 
  • Administration of antidepressants, diazepam and psychomotor stimulants further confirms the utility of Flinders Sensitive Line rats as an animal model of depression. 
  • Administration of atrial natriuretic factor inhibits sodium-coupled transport in proximal tubules. 
  • Administration of nicotine to adolescent rats evokes regionally selective upregulation of CNS alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. 
  • Adolescent Ethanol Exposure Enhances NMDA Receptor-Mediated Currents in Hippocampal Neurons: Reversal by Gabapentin. 
  • Adolescent Intermittent Alcohol Exposure: Deficits in Object Recognition Memory and Forebrain Cholinergic Markers. 
  • Adolescent Intermittent Alcohol Exposure: Dysregulation of Thrombospondins and Synapse Formation are Associated with Decreased Neuronal Density in the Adult Hippocampus. 
  • Adolescent alcohol exposure alters GABAA receptor subunit expression in adult hippocampus. 
  • Adolescent and adult rats respond differently to nicotine and alcohol: motor activity and body temperature. 
  • Adolescent intermittent alcohol exposure: persistence of structural and functional hippocampal abnormalities into adulthood. 
  • Adolescent intermittent ethanol exposure enhances adult stress effects in male rats. 
  • Adolescent male rats are less sensitive than adults to the anxiogenic and serotonin-releasing effects of fenfluramine. 
  • Adolescent morphine exposure affects long-term microglial function and later-life relapse liability in a model of addiction. 
  • Adolescent nicotine administration alters serotonin receptors and cell signaling mediated through adenylyl cyclase. 
  • Adolescent nicotine administration changes the responses to nicotine given subsequently in adulthood: adenylyl cyclase cell signaling in brain regions during nicotine administration and withdrawal, and lasting effects. 
  • Adolescent nicotine exposure alters cardiac autonomic responsiveness: beta-adrenergic and m2-muscarinic receptors and their linkage to adenylyl cyclase. 
  • Adolescent nicotine exposure causes persistent upregulation of nicotinic cholinergic receptors in rat brain regions. 
  • Adolescent nicotine exposure produces immediate and long-term changes in CNS noradrenergic and dopaminergic function. 
  • Adolescent nicotine treatment changes the response of acetylcholine systems to subsequent nicotine administration in adulthood. 
  • Adolescent nicotine: deficits in immune function. 
  • Adolescent rats are protected from the conditioned aversive properties of cocaine and lithium chloride. 
  • Adolescent vs. adult-onset nicotine self-administration in male rats: duration of effect and differential nicotinic receptor correlates. 
  • Adolescent vulnerabilities to chronic alcohol or nicotine exposure: findings from rodent models. 
  • Adolescent-onset nicotine self-administration modeled in female rats. 
  • Adolescents and adults differ in the immediate and long-term impact of nicotine administration and withdrawal on cardiac norepinephrine. 
  • Adrenal medullary storage vesicles of the spontaneously hypertensive rat. 
  • Adrenergic control of DNA synthesis in developing rat brain regions: effects of intracisternal administration of isoproterenol. 
  • Adrenergic effects on plasma lipoprotein metabolism. Speculation on mechanisms of action. 
  • Adrenergic modulation of cardiac development in the rat: effects of prenatal exposure to propranolol via continuous maternal infusion. 
  • Adrenergic receptors. 
  • Adrenergic receptors: molecular mechanisms of clinically relevant regulation. 
  • Adrenocorticotropic hormone biotransformation, clearance, and catabolism. 
  • Adrenomedullary function in the neonatal rat: responses to acute hypoxia. 
  • Adrenomedullin and its binding protein attenuate the proinflammatory response after hemorrhage. 
  • Adrenomedullin expression in rat uterus is correlated with plasma estradiol. 
  • Adult adipose-derived stem cell attachment to biomaterials. 
  • Adult human nasal mesenchymal-like stem cells restore cochlear spiral ganglion neurons after experimental lesion. 
  • Adult olfactory epithelium contains multipotent progenitors that give rise to neurons and non-neural cells. 
  • Adult rat cortical thickness changes across age and following adolescent intermittent ethanol treatment. 
  • Adverse benzo[a]pyrene effects on neurodifferentiation are altered by other neurotoxicant coexposures: interactions with dexamethasone, chlorpyrifos, or nicotine in PC12 cells. 
  • Adverse neurodevelopmental effects of dexamethasone modeled in PC12 cells: identifying the critical stages and concentration thresholds for the targeting of cell acquisition, differentiation and viability. 
  • Aerosol and other novel administrations for prevention and treatment of invasive aspergillosis. 
  • Age and dose sensitivities in the 2-butoxyethanol F344 rat model of hemolytic anemia and disseminated thrombosis. 
  • Age and dose-dependent effects of ethanol on the induction of hippocampal long-term potentiation. 
  • Age and sex differences in oxytocin and vasopressin V1a receptor binding densities in the rat brain: focus on the social decision-making network. 
  • Age increases cardiac Galpha(i2) expression, resulting in enhanced coupling to G protein-coupled receptors. 
  • Age- and gender-related differences in sensitivity to chlorpyrifos in the rat reflect developmental profiles of esterase activities. 
  • Age- and gender-related differences in the time course of behavioral and biochemical effects produced by oral chlorpyrifos in rats. 
  • Age-associated differences in beta adrenergic-stimulated lipolysis in adipocytes from Sprague-Dawley and Fischer 344 rats. 
  • Age-dependence of inhibition of rat brain synaptic vesicle [3H]norepinephrine uptake caused by administration of a single dose of reserpine: persistence of inhibition in adults but not in neonates. 
  • Age-dependent augmentation of cardiac endothelial NOS in a genetic rat model of heart failure. 
  • Age-dependent changes in expression of alpha 1-adrenergic receptors in rat myocardium. 
  • Age-dependent functional crosstalk between cardiac fibroblasts and cardiomyocytes in a 3D engineered cardiac tissue. 
  • Age-dependent inhibition of long-term potentiation by ethanol in immature versus mature hippocampus. 
  • Age-independent and dose-response effects of ethanol on spatial memory in rats. 
  • Age-related alterations in potentiation in the CA1 region in F344 rats. 
  • Age-related alterations in vitamin A metabolism in the rat retina. 
  • Age-related changes affect rat rotator cuff muscle function. 
  • Age-related changes in brain catecholamine responses to a single footshock. 
  • Age-related changes in cardiac structure and function in Fischer 344 x Brown Norway hybrid rats. 
  • Age-related declines in exploratory behavior and markers of hippocampal plasticity are attenuated by prenatal choline supplementation in rats. 
  • Age-related differences in neurosteroid potentiation of muscimol-stimulated 36Cl(-) flux following chronic ethanol treatment. 
  • Age-related differences in pulmonary cytokine response to respiratory syncytial virus infection: modulation by anti-inflammatory and antiviral treatment. 
  • Age-related differences in the chronic and acute response to cocaine in the rat. 
  • Age-related impairments in object-place associations are not due to hippocampal dysfunction. 
  • Aggressive behavior in hypertensive and normotensive rat strains. 
  • Aging and glucocorticoids: effects on cell signaling mediated through adenylyl cyclase. 
  • Aging impairs axonal sprouting response of dentate granule cells following target loss and partial deafferentation. 
  • Agonist interactions with alpha-adrenergic receptors. 
  • Agonist versus antagonist binding to alpha-adrenergic receptors. 
  • Agonist-induced coordinated trafficking of functionally related transport proteins for water and ions in cholangiocytes. 
  • Agonist-induced sensitization of beta-adrenoceptor signaling in neonatal rat heart: expression and catalytic activity of adenylyl cyclase. 
  • Agonist-promoted coupling of the beta-adrenergic receptor with the guanine nucleotide regulatory protein of the adenylate cyclase system. 
  • Airway branching patterns influence asbestos fiber location and the extent of tissue injury in the pulmonary parenchyma. 
  • Akt-directed glucose metabolism can prevent Bax conformation change and promote growth factor-independent survival. 
  • Albumin influences sulfobromophthalein transport by hepatocytes of each acinar zone. 
  • Alcohol activates the hedgehog pathway and induces related procarcinogenic processes in the alcohol-preferring rat model of hepatocarcinogenesis. 
  • Alcohol and cytokine-inducible transcription factors. 
  • Alcohol-induced alterations in hippocampal afterdischarges and afterdischarge thresholds: dose-reponse studies. 
  • Aldehyde recognition and discrimination by mammalian odorant receptors via functional group-specific hydration chemistry. 
  • Aldosterone increases oxidant stress to impair guanylyl cyclase activity by cysteinyl thiol oxidation in vascular smooth muscle cells. 
  • Alkaline ribonuclease in rat liver: effect of hypophysectomy and fasting. 
  • All-or-none secretion of adrenal medullary storage vesicle contents in the rat. 
  • Allelic loss at the tuberous sclerosis 2 locus in spontaneous tumors in the Eker rat. 
  • Allogeneic small bowel transplantation with cyclosporine and donor whole-body irradiation. 
  • Allograft airway fibrosis in the pulmonary milieu: a disorder of tissue remodeling. 
  • Allometric scaling of decompression sickness risk in terrestrial mammals; cardiac output explains risk of decompression sickness. 
  • Allosteric regulation of type I hexokinase: A site-directed mutational study indicating location of the functional glucose 6-phosphate binding site in the N-terminal half of the enzyme. 
  • Allotransplantation of insulinoma into the testis of diabetic rats. 
  • Alpha 1-adrenergic effects and liver regeneration. 
  • Alpha 1-adrenergic receptor-mediated downregulation of angiotensin II receptors in neuronal cultures. 
  • Alpha-2 adrenergic receptors stimulate actin organization in developing fetal rat cardiac myocytes. 
  • Alpha-2 receptors mediate an endogenous noradrenergic suppression of kindling development. 
  • Alpha-adrenergic receptor subtypes: quantitative assessment by ligand binding. 
  • Alpha-adrenergic receptors in liver membranes: delineation with subtype selective radioligands. 
  • Alpha-adrenergic receptors in rat myocardium. Identification by binding of [3H]dihydroergocryptine. 
  • Alpha-fodrin is cleaved by caspase-3 in a chronic ocular hypertensive (COH) rat model of glaucoma. 
  • Alpha-macroglobulin secreted by alveolar macrophages serves as a binding protein for a macrophage-derived homologue of platelet-derived growth factor. 
  • Alpha-receptor mediated inhibition of A2 noradrenergic neurons. 
  • Alpha-tocopheryl succinate protects hepatocytes from chemical-induced toxicity under physiological calcium conditions. 
  • Alpha7 cholinergic-agonist prevents systemic inflammation and improves survival during resuscitation. 
  • Alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors targeted by cholinergic developmental neurotoxicants: nicotine and chlorpyrifos. 
  • Alteration and restoration of K+ channel function by deletions at the N- and C-termini. 
  • Alteration by methadone of catecholamine uptake and release in isolated rat adrenomedullary storage vesicles. 
  • Alteration in Kupffer cell function after mild hemorrhagic shock. 
  • Alteration in regulation of inflammatory response to influenza a virus and endotoxin in suckling rat pups: a potential relationship to sudden infant death syndrome. 
  • Alteration in sphingolipid metabolism: bioassays for fumonisin- and ISP-I-like activity in tissues, cells and other matrices. 
  • Alteration of rat lung adenine nucleotide content after pulmonary edema. 
  • Alterations in activity at auditory nuclei of the rat induced by exposure to microwave radiation: autoradiographic evidence using [14C]2-deoxy-D-glucose. 
  • Alterations in central nervous system serotonergic and dopaminergic synaptic activity in adulthood after prenatal or neonatal chlorpyrifos exposure. 
  • Alterations in neurotransmitter activity after acute and chronic ethanol treatment: studies of transmitter interactions. 
  • Alterations in regulatory and locomotor behaviors following trimethyltin exposure in the rat: a time and dose analysis. 
  • Alterations in renal interleukin-1 production during kidney transplant rejection in the rat. The effects of high-dose methylprednisolone. 
  • Alterations in reticulo-endothelial functions as produced by the administration of bacterial toxins. 
  • Alterations in serotonin transporter expression in brain regions of rats exposed neonatally to chlorpyrifos. 
  • Alterations in slow-twitch muscle phenotype in transgenic mice overexpressing the Ca2+ buffering protein parvalbumin. 
  • Alterations in the development of catecholamine turnover induced by perinatal methadone: differences in central vs. peripheral sympathetic nervous systems. 
  • Alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in a proposed animal model of depression with genetic muscarinic supersensitivity. 
  • Alterations of surfactant pools in fetal and newborn rat lungs. 
  • Altered carbohydrate, lipid, and xenobiotic metabolism by liver from rats flown on Cosmos 1887. 
  • Altered cocaine potency in the nucleus accumbens following 7-day withdrawal from intermittent but not continuous treatment: voltammetric assessment of dopamine uptake in the rat. 
  • Altered development of basal and forskolin-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity in brain regions of rats exposed to nicotine prenatally. 
  • Altered diffusion tensor imaging measurements in aged transgenic Huntington disease rats. 
  • Altered distribution of choline acetyltransferase and acetylcholinesterase activities in the developing rat dentate gyrus following entorhinal lesion. 
  • Altered expression of transforming growth factor-alpha in hereditary rat renal cell carcinoma. 
  • Altered expression of transforming growth factor-alpha: an early event in renal cell carcinoma development. 
  • Altered genetic response to beta-adrenergic receptor activation in late passage C6 glioma cells. 
  • Altered levels of prothymosin immunoreactive peptide, a growth-related gene product, during liver regeneration after chronic ethanol feeding. 
  • Altered regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor protein in hippocampus following slice preparation. 
  • Altered responsiveness to alcohol after exposure to organic lead. 
  • Altered sodium regulation of renal angiotensinogen mRNA in the spontaneously hypertensive rat. 
  • Altering integrin engagement regulates membrane localization of Kir2.1 channels. 
  • Alternative inclusion of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 exon IIIc in Dunning prostate tumors reveals unexpected epithelial mesenchymal plasticity. 
  • Alternative method for quantitative enzyme histochemistry of muscle fibers. Application of photographic densitometry combined with atomic absorption spectrophotometry. 
  • Alternative processing of androgen-binding protein RNA transcripts in fetal rat liver. Identification of a transcript formed by trans splicing. 
  • Alternative translation initiation site usage results in two structurally distinct forms of Pit-1. 
  • Aluminum is a weak agonist for the calcium-sensing receptor. 
  • Alveolar Epithelial Cell-Derived Prostaglandin E2 Serves as a Request Signal for Macrophage Secretion of Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 3 during Innate Inflammation. 
  • Alveolar epithelial cell injuries by subchronic exposure to low concentrations of ozone correlate with cumulative exposure. 
  • Alveolar septal structure in different species. 
  • Alveolar type II cell responses to chronic inhalation of chrysotile asbestos in rats. 
  • Ameliorating the developmental neurotoxicity of chlorpyrifos: a mechanisms-based approach in PC12 cells. 
  • Amelioration of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury with a novel protective cocktail. 
  • Amelioration of thrombocytopenia with concomitant ornithine in sarcoma-bearing rats receiving high dose difluoromethylornithine. 
  • Amelioration strategies fail to prevent tobacco smoke effects on neurodifferentiation: Nicotinic receptor blockade, antioxidants, methyl donors. 
  • Amine-aldehyde metabolites and alcoholism: fact, myth or uncertainty. 
  • Amino acid uptake by isolated renal brush border membrane vesicles in various buffers. 
  • Amino acid-based Poly(ester urea) copolymer films for hernia-repair applications. 
  • Aminoguanidine inhibits reactive oxygen species formation, lipid peroxidation, and oxidant-induced apoptosis. 
  • Amitifadine, a triple monoamine re-uptake inhibitor, reduces nicotine self-administration in female rats. 
  • Amitifadine, a triple reuptake inhibitor, reduces self-administration of the opiate remifentanil in rats. 
  • Amniotic fluid allograft enhances the host response to ventral hernia repair using acellular dermal matrix. 
  • Amphetamine effects on long term potentiation in dentate granule cells. 
  • Amphetamine trials and tribulations. 
  • Amphiphysin 1 binds the cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk) 5 regulatory subunit p35 and is phosphorylated by cdk5 and cdc2. 
  • Amygdala kindling induces muscarinic cholinergic receptor declines in a highly specific distribution within the limbic system. 
  • Amyloid precursor protein and amyloid beta-peptide bind to ATP synthase and regulate its activity at the surface of neural cells. 
  • An Adeno-Associated Virus-Based Toolkit for Preferential Targeting and Manipulating Quiescent Neural Stem Cells in the Adult Hippocampus. 
  • An Antimicrobial Peptide and Its Neuronal Receptor Regulate Dendrite Degeneration in Aging and Infection. 
  • An Engineered Metal Sensor Tunes the Kinetics of Synaptic Transmission. 
  • An NMDA antagonist in the MPOA impairs copulation and stimulus sensitization in male rats. 
  • An SOD mimic protects NADP+-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase against oxidative inactivation. 
  • An absolute measurement of brain water content using magnetic resonance imaging in two focal cerebral ischemic rat models. 
  • An accidental laboratory infection with African trypanosomes of a defined stock. I. The clinical course of the infection. 
  • An adenovirus vector for efficient RNA interference-mediated suppression of target genes in insulinoma cells and pancreatic islets of langerhans. 
  • An age-related difference in hyperoxia lethality: role of lung antioxidant defense mechanisms. 
  • An alternative technique of microvascular anastomosis. 
  • An amino-terminal fragment of LCRF, LCRF-(1-35), has the same activity as the natural peptide. 
  • An animal model of adolescent nicotine exposure: effects on gene expression and macromolecular constituents in rat brain regions. 
  • An anionic, endosome-escaping polymer to potentiate intracellular delivery of cationic peptides, biomacromolecules, and nanoparticles. 
  • An apolipoprotein E-mimetic stimulates axonal regeneration and remyelination after peripheral nerve injury. 
  • An approach for treating the hepatobiliary disease of cystic fibrosis by somatic gene transfer. 
  • An artery-specific fluorescent dye for studying neurovascular coupling. 
  • An assessment of cochlear hair-cell loss in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus diabetic and noise-exposed rats. 
  • An assessment of the effects of shell cross-linked nanoparticle size, core composition, and surface PEGylation on in vivo biodistribution. 
  • An electrophysiological study of the forebrain projection of nucleus commissuralis: preliminary identification of presumed A2 catecholaminergic neurons. 
  • An endogenous source of the superoxide anion in the central nervous system. 
  • An essential role for mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase in nitroglycerin bioactivation. 
  • An essential role for the Glut1 PDZ-binding motif in growth factor regulation of Glut1 degradation and trafficking. 
  • An immunological induced defect of neuromuscular transmission in rats. 
  • An immunologically induced defect of neuromuscular transmission in rats and rabbits. 
  • An important role of a pyrethroid-sensing residue F1519 in the action of the N-alkylamide insecticide BTG 502 on the cockroach sodium channel. 
  • An improved method of recording rat tracks for measurement of the sciatic functional index of de Medinaceli. 
  • An in vitro autoradiographic analysis of mu and delta opioid binding in the hippocampal formation of kindled rats. 
  • An in vitro bioassay for neurite growth using cryostat sections of nervous tissue as a substratum. 
  • An in vitro comparison of rat and chicken brain neurotoxic esterase. 
  • An in vitro neurite-promoting antigen functions in axonal regeneration in vivo. 
  • An in vitro study of horizontal connections in the intermediate layer of the superior colliculus. 
  • An inhibitory role for brain serotonin-containing systems in the locomotor effects of d-amphetamine. 
  • An injectable and in situ-gelling biopolymer for sustained drug release following perineural administration. 
  • An interaction between tremorine and various autonomic agents on cardiac norepinephrine in the rat. 
  • An interdomain interaction of the androgen receptor is required for its aggregation and toxicity in spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy. 
  • An intermediate filament-associated protein, p50, recognized by monoclonal antibodies. 
  • An intracellular opiate receptor. 
  • An intrinsic adrenergic system in mammalian heart. 
  • An isoform of ankyrin is localized at nodes of Ranvier in myelinated axons of central and peripheral nerves. 
  • An isolated perfused rat lung preparation. 
  • An off-the-shelf artificial cardiac patch improves cardiac repair after myocardial infarction in rats and pigs. 
  • An oligonucleotide decoy for transcription factor E2F inhibits mesangial cell proliferation in vitro. 
  • An ontology-based segmentation scheme for tracking postnatal changes in the developing rodent brain with MRI. 
  • An open-source transparent microelectrode array. 
  • Anabolic effects of a G protein-coupled receptor kinase inhibitor expressed in osteoblasts. 
  • Analyses of plasma for metabolic and hormonal changes in rats flown aboard COSMOS 2044. 
  • Analysis and isolation of renal tubular cells by flow cytometry. 
  • Analysis of 2-DG autoradiograms using image-averaging and image-differencing procedures for systems-level description of neurobehavioral function. 
  • Analysis of DNA damage and repair in nuclear and mitochondrial DNA of animal cells using quantitative PCR. 
  • Analysis of alcohol-related phenotypes in F2 progeny derived from FH/Wjd and ACI/N rat strains reveals independent measures and sex differences. 
  • Analysis of complex matrices functional in neuronal process extension using monoclonal antibodies in vitro and in vivo. 
  • Analysis of expression of multiple genes encoding calmodulin during spermatogenesis. 
  • Analysis of factors associated with the tumorigenic potential of 12 tumor clones derived from a single rat colon adenocarcinoma. 
  • Analysis of functional domains of angiotensin II type 2 receptor involved in apoptosis. 
  • Analysis of nuclear fiber cell cytoplasmic texture in advanced cataractous lenses from Indian subjects using Debye-Bueche theory. 
  • Analysis of oxygen transport to tumor tissue by microvascular networks. 
  • Analysis of pH gradients resulting from mass transport limitations in engineered heart tissue. 
  • Analysis of renal cell transformation following exposure to trichloroethene in vivo and its metabolite S-(dichlorovinyl)-L-cysteine in vitro. 
  • Analysis of repetitive sequence elements containing tRNA-like sequences. 
  • Analysis of short-term plasticity at the perforant path-granule cell synapse. 
  • Analysis of sites phosphorylated on acetyl-CoA carboxylase in response to insulin in isolated adipocytes. Comparison with sites phosphorylated by casein kinase-2 and the calmodulin-dependent multiprotein kinase. 
  • Analysis of the effects of oxygen supply and demand on hypoxic fraction in tumors. 
  • Analysis of the expression, distribution and function of cyclin dependent kinase 5 (cdk5) in developing cerebellar macroneurons. 
  • Analysis of the globose basal cell compartment in rat olfactory epithelium using GBC-1, a new monoclonal antibody against globose basal cells. 
  • Analysis of the heterogeneity of pO2 dynamics during photodynamic therapy with verteporfin. 
  • Analysis of the protein products encoded by variant glucokinase transcripts via expression in bacteria. 
  • Analysis of the role of membrane polarity in polycystic kidney disease of transgenic SBM mice. 
  • Analysis of the structural properties of cAMP-responsive element-binding protein (CREB) and phosphorylated CREB. 
  • Analyte flux through chronically implanted subcutaneous polyamide membranes differs in humans and rats. 
  • Anatomical and physiological localization of prelabeled grafts in rat hippocampus. 
  • Anatomically dissociable effects of dopamine D1 receptor agonists on reward and relief of withdrawal in morphine-dependent rats. 
  • Androgen binding protein as a biochemical marker of formation of the blood-testis barrier. 
  • Androgen control of an inhibitory modulator of phosphodiesterase in rat epididymis and prostate. 
  • Androgen decreases dopamine neurone survival in rat midbrain. 
  • Androgen regulation of rat renal angiotensinogen messenger RNA expression. 
  • Androgens amplify beta-adrenergic and FSH stimulation of granulosa cells. 
  • Anesthetic effects on cerebral metabolic rate predict histologic outcome from near-complete forebrain ischemia in the rat. 
  • Anesthetic effects on the glycerol model of rhabdomyolysis-induced acute renal failure in rats. 
  • Ang II accumulation in rat renal endosomes during Ang II-induced hypertension: role of AT(1) receptor. 
  • Angiogenesis-like activity of endothelial cells co-cultured with VEGF-producing smooth muscle cells. 
  • Angiogenesis: an adaptive dynamic biological patterning problem. 
  • Angiopellosis as an Alternative Mechanism of Cell Extravasation. 
  • Angiostatin-like activity of a monoclonal antibody to the catalytic subunit of F1F0 ATP synthase. 
  • Angiotensin AT1 receptor inhibition. Effects on hypertrophic remodeling and ACE expression in rats with pressure-overload hypertrophy due to ascending aortic stenosis. 
  • Angiotensin II and hypertonicity modulate proximal tubular aquaporin 1 expression. 
  • Angiotensin II blockade followed by growth hormone as adjunctive therapy after experimental myocardial infarction. 
  • Angiotensin II can regulate gene expression by the AP-1 binding sequence via a protein kinase C-dependent pathway. 
  • Angiotensin II promotes development of the renal microcirculation through AT1 receptors. 
  • Angiotensin II stimulates proliferation of adventitial fibroblasts cultured from rat aortic explants. 
  • Angiotensin II type 1 receptor-associated protein is an endogenous inhibitor of angiotensin II type 1 receptor action in cardiac hypertrophy: role in check and balance. 
  • Angiotensin II type 2 receptor mediates programmed cell death. 
  • Angiotensin II type 2 receptor mediates vascular smooth muscle cell apoptosis and antagonizes angiotensin II type 1 receptor action: an in vitro gene transfer study. 
  • Angiotensin II-induced hypertrophy of rat vascular smooth muscle is associated with increased 18 S rRNA synthesis and phosphorylation of the rRNA transcription factor, upstream binding factor. 
  • Angiotensin converting enzyme and genetic hypertension: cloning of rat cDNAs and characterization of the enzyme. 
  • Angiotensin converting enzyme in renal ontogeny: hypothesis for multiple roles. 
  • Angiotensin type 2 receptor dephosphorylates Bcl-2 by activating mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 and induces apoptosis. 
  • Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition prolongs survival and modifies the transition to heart failure in rats with pressure overload hypertrophy due to ascending aortic stenosis. 
  • Angiotensinogen synthesis in the liver is independent of physiological estrogen levels. 
  • Animal models in the research of abdominal aortic aneurysms development. 
  • Animal models of hereditary iron transport disorders. 
  • Animal models of human prostate cancer: the consensus report of the New York meeting of the Mouse Models of Human Cancers Consortium Prostate Pathology Committee. 
  • Animal models of steatohepatitis. 
  • Animal models of steatosis. 
  • Animal models of sudden unexplained death. 
  • Ankyrin and spectrin associate with voltage-dependent sodium channels in brain. 
  • Ankyrin binding activity shared by the neurofascin/L1/NrCAM family of nervous system cell adhesion molecules. 
  • Ankyrin-B is required for intracellular sorting of structurally diverse Ca2+ homeostasis proteins. 
  • Ankyrin-B structurally defines terminal microdomains of peripheral somatosensory axons. 
  • Ankyrin-G and beta2-spectrin collaborate in biogenesis of lateral membrane of human bronchial epithelial cells. 
  • Ankyrin-G coordinates assembly of the spectrin-based membrane skeleton, voltage-gated sodium channels, and L1 CAMs at Purkinje neuron initial segments. 
  • Ankyrin-binding activity of nervous system cell adhesion molecules expressed in adult brain. 
  • Ankyrin-binding proteins related to nervous system cell adhesion molecules: candidates to provide transmembrane and intercellular connections in adult brain. 
  • AnkyrinG. A new ankyrin gene with neural-specific isoforms localized at the axonal initial segment and node of Ranvier. 
  • Anogenital distance at birth as a predictor of volume of the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area of the hypothalamus and pituitary responsiveness in castrated adult rats. 
  • Anomalous regulation of beta-adrenoceptor signaling in brain regions of the newborn rat. 
  • Antagonism by d-amphetamine of trimethyltin-induced hyperactivity evidence toward an animal model of hyperkinetic behavior. 
  • Antenatal Bartter's syndrome: why is this not a lethal condition? 
  • Anterior and posterior, but not cheek, intraoral cannulation procedures elevate serum corticosterone levels in neonatal rat pups. 
  • Anti-LAMP-2 antibodies are not prevalent in patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody glomerulonephritis. 
  • Anti-hypotensive treatment and endothelin blockade synergistically antagonize exercise fatigue in rats under simulated high altitude. 
  • Anti-idiotypic monoclonal Ig specific for an anti-laminin Ig heavy chain transgene variable region. 
  • Anti-idiotypic monoclonal antibodies to GM1 identify ganglioside binding proteins. 
  • Anti-inflammatory activity of amine cyanoboranes, amine carboxyboranes, and related compounds. 
  • Anti-inflammatory adjuvant in resuscitation fluids improves survival in hemorrhage. 
  • Anti-inflammatory and anti-osteoporotic activities of base-boronated nucleosides and phosphate-boronated nucleotides in rodents. 
  • Anti-inflammatory and vasoprotective activity of a retroviral-derived peptide, homologous to human endogenous retroviruses: endothelial cell effects. 
  • Anti-inflammatory effects of inhibiting the amine oxidase activity of semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase. 
  • Anti-inflammatory resuscitation improves survival in hemorrhage with trauma. 
  • Anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, and antipyretic effects of Lantana trifolia Linnaeus in experimental animals. 
  • Anti-intercellular adhesion molecule-1 antibody and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 gene deficiency do not prevent pulmonary neutrophil recruitment in polymicrobial sepsis. 
  • Anti-invasive adjuvant therapy with imipramine blue enhances chemotherapeutic efficacy against glioma. 
  • Anti-neutrophil chemokine preserves alveolar development in hyperoxia-exposed newborn rats. 
  • Anti-seizure and anti-epileptogenic effect of gamma-vinyl gamma-aminobutyric acid in amygdaloid kindling. 
  • Antiangiogenic agents protect liver sinusoidal lining cells from cold preservation injury in rat liver transplantation. 
  • Antiangiogenic gene therapy targeting the endothelium-specific receptor tyrosine kinase Tie2. 
  • Antibiotic eluting poly(ester urea) films for control of a model cardiac implantable electronic device infection. 
  • Antibodies against the NG2 proteoglycan promote the regeneration of sensory axons within the dorsal columns of the spinal cord. 
  • Antibodies as specific renin inhibitors: studies with polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies and Fab fragments. 
  • Antibodies in sera of patients with late-onset myasthenia gravis recognize the PEVK domain of titin. 
  • Antibodies to the GABA(B) receptor in limbic encephalitis with seizures: case series and characterisation of the antigen. 
  • Antibodies to tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibit liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy. 
  • Antibody against T lymphoblastic leukemia-associated antigen (3-40) identifies vimentin and keratin intermediate filaments in normal cells. 
  • Antibody-based nanoprobe for measurement of a fluorescent analyte in a single cell. 
  • Anticonvulsant action and long-term effects of gabapentin in the immature brain. 
  • Anticonvulsant action of intranigral gamma-vinyl-GABA: role of nonadrenergic neurotransmission. 
  • Anticonvulsant and antiepileptogenic actions of MK-801 in the kindling and electroshock models. 
  • Anticonvulsant-like actions of baclofen in the rat hippocampal slice. 
  • Antidepressant effects of nicotine in an animal model of depression. 
  • Antidepressant-like effects of cranial stimulation within a low-energy magnetic field in rats. 
  • Antidepressant-like effects of kappa-opioid receptor antagonists in the forced swim test in rats. 
  • Antidepressant-like effects of nicotine and reduced nicotinic receptor binding in the Fawn-Hooded rat, an animal model of co-morbid depression and alcoholism. 
  • Antidepressant-like effects of uridine and omega-3 fatty acids are potentiated by combined treatment in rats. 
  • Antiepileptic effects of GABAb receptor activation in area CA3 of rat hippocampus. 
  • Antiepileptogenic effects of conventional anticonvulsants in the kindling model of epilespy. 
  • Antifibrinolytic agents reduce tissue plasminogen activator-mediated neuronal toxicity in vitro. 
  • Antigens shared by rat schwannomas, neuroblastomas, and a testicular interstitial cell carcinoma. 
  • Antihyperalgesic effects of vanilloid-1 and bradykinin-1 receptor antagonists following spinal cord injury in rats. 
  • Antiinflammatory activity of substituted 6-hydroxypyrimido[2,1-f]purine-2,4,8(1H,3H,9H)-triones. Atypical nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents. 
  • Antinociceptive activity of Syzygium jambos leaves extract on rats. 
  • Antioxidant defense mechanisms in cultured pleural mesothelial cells. 
  • Antioxidant lazaroid U-74006F improves renal function and reduces the expression of cytokines, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and MHC antigens in a syngeneic renal transplant model. Partial support for the response-to-injury hypothesis. 
  • Antisense oligodeoxynucleotide inhibition of vascular angiotensin-converting enzyme expression attenuates neointimal formation: evidence for tissue angiotensin-converting enzyme function. 
  • Antisense oligodeoxynucleotides prevent acute cardiac allograft rejection via a novel, nontoxic, highly efficient transfection method. 
  • Antisense oligonucleotides directed at cell cycle regulatory genes as strategy for restenosis therapy. 
  • Antisense to transforming growth factor-beta(1) facilitates the apoptosis of macrophages in rat vein grafts. 
  • Antithrombotic potencies of enoxaparin in microvascular surgery: influence of dose and administration methods on patency rate of crushed arterial anastomoses. 
  • Antitumor activity of creatine analogs produced by alterations in pancreatic hormones and glucose metabolism. 
  • Antiulcer Agents. 1. Gastric Antisecretory and Cytoprotective Properties of Substituted Imidzao[1,2-α]pyridines 
  • Antiulcer Agents. 2. Gastric Antisecretory, Cytoprotective and Metabolic Properties of Substituted Imidazo-[1,2,-α]-pyridines 
  • Antiulcer Agents. 4. Conformational Considerations and the Antiulcer Activity of Substituted Imidazol[1,2-α]pyridines and Related Analogs 
  • ApoE mimetic ameliorates motor deficit and tissue damage in rat spinal cord injury. 
  • Apolipoprotein A-IV acts centrally in the brain to reduce the severity of gastric ulceration in the rat. 
  • Apolipoprotein A-IV interacts synergistically with melanocortins to reduce food intake. 
  • Apolipoprotein E COG 133 mimetic peptide improves 5-fluorouracil-induced intestinal mucositis. 
  • Apolipoprotein E binds to and potentiates the biological activity of ciliary neurotrophic factor. 
  • Apolipoprotein E level and cholesterol are associated with reduced synaptic amyloid beta in Alzheimer's disease and apoE TR mouse cortex. 
  • Apolipoprotein E protects against NMDA excitotoxicity. 
  • Apolipoprotein E protects against oxidative stress in mixed neuronal-glial cell cultures by reducing glutamate toxicity. 
  • Apolipoprotein E4 stimulates cAMP response element-binding protein transcriptional activity through the extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway. 
  • Apoptosis and delayed neuronal damage after carbon monoxide poisoning in the rat. 
  • Apoptosis in the cervix of pregnant rats in association with cervical softening. 
  • Apoptosis is not enhanced in primary mixed neuronal/glial cultures protected by isoflurane against N-methyl-D-aspartate excitotoxicity. 
  • Apoptosis leads to photoreceptor degeneration in inherited retinal dystrophy of RCS rats. 
  • Apoptosis of sinusoidal endothelial cells is a critical mechanism of preservation injury in rat liver transplantation. 
  • Apparent loss-of-function mutant GPCRs revealed as constitutively desensitized receptors. 
  • Appetitive changes during salt deprivation are paralleled by widespread neuronal adaptations in nucleus accumbens, lateral hypothalamus, and central amygdala. 
  • Appetitive conditioning in neonatal rats: conditioned ingestive responding to stimuli paired with oral infusions of milk. 
  • Application of a unique monoclonal antibody as a marker for nonproliferating subpopulations of cells of some tissue. 
  • Application of electrospray ionization mass spectrometry for analysis of haemoglobin adducts with acrylonitrile. 
  • Application of magnetic resonance microscopy to tissue engineering: a polylactide model. 
  • Applications of a rat multiple tissue gene expression data set. 
  • Applications of nanotechnology to imaging and therapy of brain tumors. 
  • Aprotinin improves functional outcome but not cerebral infarct size in an experimental model of stroke during cardiopulmonary bypass. 
  • Aquaglyceroporin AQP9: solute permeation and metabolic control of expression in liver. 
  • Aquaporin 6 binds calmodulin in a calcium-dependent manner. 
  • Aquaporin-4-dependent glymphatic solute transport in the rodent brain. 
  • Arc/Arg3.1 translation is controlled by convergent N-methyl-D-aspartate and Gs-coupled receptor signaling pathways. 
  • Arcuate glucagon-like peptide 1 receptors regulate glucose homeostasis but not food intake. 
  • Are developing beta-adrenoceptors able to desensitize? Acute and chronic effects of beta-agonists in neonatal heart and liver. 
  • Are recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-7 and tobramycin compatible? An experiment in rats. 
  • Argon Inhalation for 24 Hours After Onset of Permanent Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Rats Provides Neuroprotection and Improves Neurologic Outcome. 
  • Arresting a transient receptor potential (TRP) channel: beta-arrestin 1 mediates ubiquitination and functional down-regulation of TRPV4. 
  • Arsenic trioxide uptake by human and rat aquaglyceroporins. 
  • Arterial intimal damage in avulsion and crush injuries in rat limbs. 
  • Arteriolar oxygenation in tumour and subcutaneous arterioles: effects of inspired air oxygen content. 
  • Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated up-regulation of ATP-driven xenobiotic efflux transporters at the blood-brain barrier. 
  • Aspartate and glutamate as possible transmitters of excitatory hippocampal afferents. 
  • Aspartate release from rat hippocampal synaptosomes. 
  • Assembly of an A kinase-anchoring protein-beta(2)-adrenergic receptor complex facilitates receptor phosphorylation and signaling. 
  • Assessing the effects of chronic sazetidine-A delivery on nicotine self-administration in both male and female rats. 
  • Assessment of Visual and Retinal Function Following In Vivo Genipin-Induced Scleral Crosslinking. 
  • Assessment of ischemia and reperfusion injury. 
  • Assessment of pregnenolone effects on alcohol intake and preference in male alcohol preferring (P) rats. 
  • Assessment of the protective effect of amifostine on radiation-induced pulmonary toxicity. 
  • Assignment of hexokinase types 1,2,3 (Hk1,2,3) and glucokinase (Gck) to rat chromosome band 20q11, 4q34, 17q12 and 14q21 respectively, by in situ hybridization. 
  • Association between cell-mediated demyelination and astrocyte stimulation. 
  • Association of chronic thromboxane inhibition with reduced in situ cytotoxic T cell activity in rejecting rat renal allografts. 
  • Association of protein kinase C(lambda) with adducin in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. 
  • Association of the protein kinases c-Bcr and Bcr-Abl with proteins of the 14-3-3 family. 
  • Association of whirlin with Cav1.3 (alpha1D) channels in photoreceptors, defining a novel member of the usher protein network. 
  • Associations between rat renal allograft function, inflammation, and host immunity. 
  • Associations of neighborhood concentrated poverty, neighborhood racial/ethnic composition, and indoor allergen exposures: a cross-sectional analysis of los angeles households, 2006-2008. 
  • Astaxanthin but not quercetin preserves mitochondrial integrity and function, ameliorates oxidative stress, and reduces heat-induced skeletal muscle injury. 
  • Astrocytic activation as evidence for brain damage. 
  • Atrial natriuretic factor-specific antibody as a tool for physiological studies. Evidence for role of atrial natriuretic factor in aldosterone and renal electrolyte regulation. 
  • Atrial natriuretic peptide-induced changes in renal prostacyclin production in ureteral obstruction. 
  • Atrial natriuretic polypeptide inhibits hypertrophy of vascular smooth muscle cells. 
  • Atropine enhances food-stimulated CCK secretion in the rat. 
  • Attention-modulating effects of cognitive enhancers. 
  • Attenuation of alcohol consumption by MDMA (ecstasy) in two strains of alcohol-preferring rats. 
  • Attenuation of alcohol consumption by a novel nontoxic ibogaine analogue (18-methoxycoronaridine) in alcohol-preferring rats. 
  • Attenuation of alcohol intake by extract of Hypericum perforatum (St. John's Wort) in two different strains of alcohol-preferring rats. 
  • Attenuation of alcohol intake by ibogaine in three strains of alcohol-preferring rats. 
  • Attenuation of alcohol preference in alcohol-preferring rats by a novel TRH analogue, TA-0910. 
  • Attenuation of auditory startle and prepulse inhibition by unexpected changes in ambient illumination through dopaminergic mechanisms. 
  • Attenuation of epileptiform bursting by baclofen: reduced potency in elevated potassium. 
  • Attenuation of epileptogenesis: proactive effect of a single epinephrine injection of amygdaloid kindling. 
  • Attenuation of hippocampal long-term potentiation by ethanol: a patch-clamp analysis of glutamatergic and GABAergic mechanisms. 
  • Attenuation of pharmacologically-induced attentional impairment by methylphenidate in rats. 
  • Attenuation of the effect of punishment by thyrotropin-releasing hormone: comparisons with chlordiazepoxide. 
  • Attenuation of the effects of punishment by ethanol: comparisons with chlordiazepoxide. 
  • Attenuation of the neurotoxic effect of A beta amyloid peptide by apolipoprotein E. 
  • Attenuation of the tumor-promoting effect of surgery by spinal blockade in rats. 
  • Atypical antidopaminergic properties of CI-686: a potential antipsychotic agent. 
  • Atypical antipsychotics rapidly and inappropriately switch peripheral fuel utilization to lipids, impairing metabolic flexibility in rodents. 
  • Atypical myosin heavy chain in rat laryngeal muscle. 
  • Atypical regulation of hepatic adenylyl cyclase and adrenergic receptors during a critical developmental period: agonists evoke supersensitivity accompanied by failure of receptor down-regulation. 
  • Atypical tubule hyperplasia and renal tubule tumors in conventional rats on 90-day toxicity studies. 
  • Augmented methamphetamine-induced overflow of striatal dopamine 1 day after GDNF administration. 
  • Aurora Kinase A is critical for the Nkx6.1 mediated β-cell proliferation pathway. 
  • Autocrine BDNF-TrkB signalling within a single dendritic spine. 
  • Autocrine growth stimulation by transforming growth factor alpha in asbestos-transformed rat mesothelial cells. 
  • Autoimmunity to munc-18 in Rasmussen's encephalitis. 
  • Autoimmunity to the alpha 3 chain of type IV collagen in glomerulonephritis is triggered by 'autoantigen complementarity'. 
  • Automated feedback control of body temperature for small animal studies with MR microscopy. 
  • Automated measurement of acetylcholinesterase activity in rat peripheral tissues. 
  • Automated measurement of blood flow velocity and direction and hemoglobin oxygen saturation in the rat lung using intravital microscopy. 
  • Automated measurement of microcirculatory blood flow velocity in pulmonary metastases of rats. 
  • Automated, reproducible, titania-based phosphopeptide enrichment strategy for label-free quantitative phosphoproteomics. 
  • Autonomic activation links CNS oxygen toxicity to acute cardiogenic pulmonary injury. 
  • Autonomic and behavioral responses of selectively bred hypercholinergic rats to oxotremorine and diisopropyl fluorophosphate. 
  • Autophagy protects against aminochrome-induced cell death in substantia nigra-derived cell line. 
  • Autophagy provides nutrients but can lead to Chop-dependent induction of Bim to sensitize growth factor-deprived cells to apoptosis. 
  • Autoradiographic distribution of high affinity muscarinic and nicotinic cholinergic receptors labeled with [3H]acetylcholine in rat brain. 
  • Autoradiographic evidence that septohippocampal fibers reinnervate fascia dentata denervated by entorhinal lesion during development. 
  • Autoradiographic localization and characterization of tachykinin receptor binding sites in the rat brain and peripheral tissues. 
  • Autoradiographic localization of benzomorphan binding sites in rat brain. 
  • Autoradiographic localization of ornithine decarboxylase in cerebellar cortex of the developing rat with [3H]alpha-difluoromethylornithine. 
  • Autoradiographic localization of proline uptake in excitatory hippocampal pathways. 
  • Autoradiographic quantification of neurochemical markers of serotonin, dopamine and opioid systems in rat brain mesolimbic regions following chronic St John's wort treatment. 
  • Autoradiographic visualization and characterization of [3H]ouabain binding to the Na+,K+-ATPase of rat brain and pineal. 
  • Autoreceptor regulation of glutamate and aspartate release from slices of the hippocampal CA1 area. 
  • Available volume fraction of macromolecules in the extravascular space of a fibrosarcoma: implications for drug delivery. 
  • Aversive effects of ethanol in adolescent versus adult rats: potential causes and implication for future drinking. 
  • Axon terminal hyperexcitability associated with epileptogenesis in vitro. I. Origin of ectopic spikes. 
  • Axon terminal hyperexcitability associated with epileptogenesis in vitro. II. Pharmacological regulation by NMDA and GABAA receptors. 
  • Axonal Odorant Receptors Mediate Axon Targeting. 
  • Axonal transport of [35S]methionine-labeled proteins in two intra-brain tracts of the rat. 
  • Axonal transport of [3H]fucose-labeled glycoproteins in two intra-brain tracts of the rat. 
  • Axonal transport of glycerophospholipids following intracerebral injection of glycerol into substantia nigra or lateral geniculate body. 
  • Axotomy-induced regulation of c-Jun expression in regenerating rat retinal ganglion cells. 
  • Aβ efflux impairment and inflammation linked to cerebrovascular accumulation of amyloid-forming amylin secreted from pancreas. 
  • B1 and TRPV-1 receptor genes and their relationship to hyperalgesia following spinal cord injury. 
  • BCR first exon sequences specifically activate the BCR/ABL tyrosine kinase oncogene of Philadelphia chromosome-positive human leukemias. 
  • BDE99 (2,2',4,4',5-pentabromodiphenyl ether) suppresses differentiation into neurotransmitter phenotypes in PC12 cells. 
  • BDNF mediates neuroprotection against oxygen-glucose deprivation by the cardiac glycoside oleandrin. 
  • BOO induces fibrosis and EMT in urothelial cells which can be recapitulated in vitro through elevated storage and voiding pressure cycles. 
  • Baclofen disrupts passive avoidance retention in rats. 
  • Baclofen facilitates the development of long-term potentiation in the rat dentate gyrus. 
  • Baclofen has a proepileptic effect in the rat dentate gyrus. 
  • Baclofen induces spontaneous, rhythmic sharp waves in the rat hippocampal slice. 
  • Baclofen interactions with nicotine in rats: effects on memory. 
  • Baclofen selectively inhibits transmission at synapses made by axons of CA3 pyramidal cells in the hippocampal slice. 
  • Baclofen suppresses bursting activity induced in hippocampal slices by differing convulsant treatments. 
  • Baclofen suppresses hippocampal epileptiform activity at low concentrations without suppressing synaptic transmission. 
  • Bacterial colonization of intravenous catheter materials in vitro and in vivo. 
  • Bacterial infection early in life protects against stressor-induced depressive-like symptoms in adult rats. 
  • Bacterial lipopolysaccharide induces uncoupling protein-2 expression in hepatocytes by a tumor necrosis factor-alpha-dependent mechanism. 
  • Bacterial priming increases lung injury in gram-negative sepsis. 
  • Bactericidal antibiotics increase tumor necrosis factor-alpha and cardiac output in rats after cecal ligation and puncture. 
  • Baculoviral IAP repeat-containing-4 protects optic nerve axons in a rat glaucoma model. 
  • Balanced synaptic impact via distance-dependent synapse distribution and complementary expression of AMPARs and NMDARs in hippocampal dendrites. 
  • Balloon catheterization induced arterial expression of embryonic fibronectins. 
  • Bang-bang control of feeding: Role of hypothalamic and satiety signals 
  • Barbiturate and GABA receptors coupled to benzodiazepine receptors in rat hippocampal formation: a radiohistochemical study. 
  • Barbiturate and picrotoxin-sensitive chloride efflux in rat cerebral cortical synaptoneurosomes. 
  • Baroreceptor afferents modulate brain excitation and influence susceptibility to toxic effects of hyperbaric oxygen. 
  • Baroreflex activation in conscious rats modulates the joint inflammatory response via sympathetic function. 
  • Baroreflex stimulation attenuates central but not peripheral inflammation in conscious endotoxemic rats. 
  • Baroreflex-mediated cardiovascular responses to hyperbaric oxygen. 
  • Barrels VI: proceedings of a satellite symposium of the 1993 Society for Neuroscience meeting. 
  • Basal and carrageenan-induced pain behavior in Sprague-Dawley, Lewis and Fischer rats. 
  • Basal and stimulated protein S-nitrosylation in multiple cell types and tissues. 
  • Basal and thyroid hormone receptor auxiliary protein-enhanced binding of thyroid hormone receptor isoforms to native thyroid hormone response elements. 
  • Basal forebrain dynamics during a tactile discrimination task. 
  • Baseline hippocampal theta oscillation speeds correlate with rate of operant task acquisition. 
  • Basic fibroblast growth factor expression following surgical delay of rat transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous flaps. 
  • Basis for spinal manipulative therapy: a physical therapist perspective. 
  • Bayesian models for multivariate current status data with informative censoring. 
  • Bayesian multivariate logistic regression. 
  • Bayesian semiparametric dynamic frailty models for multiple event time data. 
  • Bbeta-adrenergic receptor kinase-1 levels in catecholamine-induced myocardial hypertrophy: regulation by beta- but not alpha1-adrenergic stimulation. 
  • Bcr-Abl-mediated protection from apoptosis downstream of mitochondrial cytochrome c release. 
  • Beam-walking in rats: studies towards developing an animal model of functional recovery after brain injury. 
  • Behavior and Fos activation reveal that male and female rats differentially assess affective valence during CTA learning and expression. 
  • Behavior of the copper band of cytochrome c oxidase in rat brain during FC-43-for-blood substitution. 
  • Behavioral Disassociation of Perceived Sweet Taste Intensity and Hedonically Positive Palatability. 
  • Behavioral Inefficiency on a Risky Decision-Making Task in Adulthood after Adolescent Intermittent Ethanol Exposure in Rats. 
  • Behavioral alterations in adolescent and adult rats caused by a brief subtoxic exposure to chlorpyrifos during neurulation. 
  • Behavioral and molecular effects of dopamine D1 receptor stimulation during naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal. 
  • Behavioral and neural responses to gustatory stimuli delivered non-contingently through intra-oral cannulas. 
  • Behavioral and neurochemical changes in rats dosed repeatedly with diisopropylfluorophosphate. 
  • Behavioral and neurochemical effects of acute chlorpyrifos in rats: tolerance to prolonged inhibition of cholinesterase. 
  • Behavioral and prolactin responses to 5-hydroxytryptophan in rats treated during development with 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine. 
  • Behavioral competition: a mechanism for schedule interactions. 
  • Behavioral detection of tactile stimuli during 7-12 Hz cortical oscillations in awake rats. 
  • Behavioral differences between two inbred strains of Fawn-Hooded rat: a model of serotonin dysfunction. 
  • Behavioral effects of acute hexamethonium in rats chronically intoxicated with nicotine. 
  • Behavioral effects of chronic exposure to low concentrations of halothane during development in rats. 
  • Behavioral effects of short-term administration of lithium and valproic acid in rats. 
  • Behavioral modulation of tactile responses in the rat somatosensory system. 
  • Behavioral properties of the trigeminal somatosensory system in rats performing whisker-dependent tactile discriminations. 
  • Behavioral similarities and differences among alcohol-preferring and -nonpreferring rats: confirmation by factor analysis and extension to additional groups. 
  • Behavioral thermoregulation in the rat following the oral administration of ethanol. 
  • Behavioural features of alcohol-preferring rats: focus on inbred strains. 
  • Benzo[a]pyrene impairs neurodifferentiation in PC12 cells. 
  • Benzodiazepine receptor declines in hippocampal formation following limbic seizures. 
  • Benzodiazepine receptor increases after repeated seizures: evidence for localization to dentate granule cells. 
  • Beta 2-adrenergic receptor stimulated, G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 mediated, phosphorylation of ribosomal protein P2. 
  • Beta 2-adrenergic receptors are expressed by glia in vivo in the normal and injured central nervous system in the rat, rabbit, and human. 
  • Beta Frequency Oscillations in the Subthalamic Nucleus Are Not Sufficient for the Development of Symptoms of Parkinsonian Bradykinesia/Akinesia in Rats. 
  • Beta adrenergic control of macromolecule synthesis in neonatal rat heart, kidney and lung: relationship to sympathetic neuronal development. 
  • Beta adrenergic stimulation of protein carboxymethylation and amylase secretion in rat parotid gland. 
  • Beta-2 adrenergic control of ornithine decarboxylase activity in brain regions of the developing rat. 
  • Beta-adrenergic control of c-fos expression in fetal and neonatal rat tissues: relationship to cell differentiation and teratogenesis. 
  • Beta-adrenergic inhibition of cardiac sodium channels by dual G-protein pathways. 
  • Beta-adrenergic receptor binding: synaptic localization in rat brain. 
  • Beta-adrenergic receptor kinase-2 and beta-arrestin-2 as mediators of odorant-induced desensitization. 
  • Beta-adrenergic receptor overexpression in the fetal rat: distribution, receptor subtypes, and coupling to adenylate cyclase activity via G-proteins. 
  • Beta-adrenergic receptors: biochemical mechanisms of physiological regulation. 
  • Beta-adrenoceptor agonists stimulate endothelial nitric oxide synthase in rat urinary bladder urothelial cells. 
  • Beta-adrenoceptor control of G protein function in the neonate: determinant of desensitization or sensitization. 
  • Beta-adrenoceptor control of cardiac adenylyl cyclase during development: agonist pretreatment in the neonate uniquely causes heterologous sensitization, not desensitization. 
  • Beta-adrenoceptor modulation of transiently overexpressed alpha 2-adrenoceptors in brain and peripheral tissues: cellular mechanisms underlying the developmental toxicity of terbutaline. 
  • Beta-adrenoceptor signaling in the developing brain: sensitization or desensitization in response to terbutaline. 
  • Beta-adrenoceptor-mediated cell signaling in the neonatal heart and liver: responses to terbutaline. 
  • Beta-arrestin 2: a receptor-regulated MAPK scaffold for the activation of JNK3. 
  • Beta-arrestin- but not G protein-mediated signaling by the "decoy" receptor CXCR7. 
  • Beta-arrestin-mediated signaling regulates protein synthesis. 
  • Beta-arrestin2, a novel member of the arrestin/beta-arrestin gene family. 
  • Bevacizumab-induced alterations in vascular permeability and drug delivery: a novel approach to augment regional chemotherapy for in-transit melanoma. 
  • Beyond maps: a dynamic view of the somatosensory system. 
  • BiPS, a photocleavable, isotopically coded, fluorescent cross-linker for structural proteomics. 
  • Bicarbonate-dependent superoxide release and pulmonary artery tone. 
  • Bidirectional modulation of GABA-gated chloride channels by divalent cations: inhibition by Ca2+ and enhancement by Mg2+. 
  • Bilateral integration of whisker information in the primary somatosensory cortex of rats. 
  • Bilateral native nephrectomy improves renal isograft function in rats. 
  • Bilateral pudendal afferent stimulation improves bladder emptying in rats with urinary retention. 
  • Bile acid transport in the anhepatic rat. 
  • Bile ducts and portal and central veins are major producers of tumor necrosis factor alpha in regenerating rat liver. 
  • Bile flow--an index of ischemic injury. 
  • Binding of G protein beta gamma-subunits to pleckstrin homology domains. 
  • Binding of [3H](+)-BW373U86 to delta-opioid receptors in rat brain membranes. 
  • Binding of alpha 2-macroglobulin to hepatocytes: mechanism of in vivo clearance. 
  • Binding of rat alpha 1-inhibitor-3-methylamine to the alpha 2-macroglobulin signaling receptor induces second messengers. 
  • Binding sites for L-[3H]glutamate on hippocampal synaptic membranes: three populations differentially affected by chloride and calcium ions. 
  • Binge pattern ethanol exposure in adolescent and adult rats: differential impact on subsequent responsiveness to ethanol. 
  • Binge-pattern ethanol exposure during adolescence, but not adulthood, causes persistent changes in GABAA receptor-mediated tonic inhibition in dentate granule cells. 
  • Bioactivity of intraduodenally and intravenously infused fragments of luminal cholecystokinin releasing factor (LCRF). 
  • Bioassay of plasma cholecystokinin in rats: effects of food, trypsin inhibitor, and alcohol. 
  • Bioburden after Staphylococcus aureus inoculation in type 1 diabetic rats undergoing internal fixation. 
  • Biochemical actions of follice-stimulating hormone in the sertoli cell of the rat testis. 
  • Biochemical and behavioral evaluation of pergolide as a dopamine agonist in the rat brain. 
  • Biochemical and biophysical identification of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator chloride channels as components of endocytic clathrin-coated vesicles. 
  • Biochemical and functional alterations in renal and cardiac development resulting from neonatal methylmercury treatment. 
  • Biochemical and morphological validation of a rodent model of organophosphorus-induced delayed neuropathy. 
  • Biochemical and neuropathological assessment of triphenyl phosphite in rats. 
  • Biochemical and pathological effects of fly ash on lung, liver, and blood of rats. 
  • Biochemical and pharmacological profile of a tetrasubstituted furanone as a highly selective COX-2 inhibitor. 
  • Biochemical and radiohistochemical analyses of alpha-2 adrenergic receptors in the kindling model of epilepsy. 
  • Biochemical changes in rat testis during postnatal maturation. 
  • Biochemical characterization of the multifunctional Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type IV expressed in insect cells. 
  • Biochemical correlates of transmission mediated by glutamate and aspartate. 
  • Biochemical determinants of growth sparing during neonatal nutritional deprivation or enhancement: ornithine decarboxylase, polyamines, and macromolecules in brain regions and heart. 
  • Biochemical development of the rat lung: studies on cellular DNA, RNA and protein content in relation to maternal vitamin A status. 
  • Biochemical evidence for enhanced sensitivity to N-methyl-D-aspartate in the hippocampal formation of kindled rats. 
  • Biochemical evidence of decreased muscarinic cholinergic neuronal communication following amygdala-kindled seizures. 
  • Biochemical evidence that glycine allosterically regulates an NMDA receptor-coupled ion channel. 
  • Biochemical mechanism of lipid-induced impairment of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and reversal with a malate analogue. 
  • Biochemical mechanisms of developmental neurotoxicity of methylmercury. 
  • Biochemical plasticity of short-axon interneurons: increased glutamate decarboxylase activity in the denervated area of rat dentate gyrus following entorhinal lesion. 
  • Bioimpedance modeling to monitor astrocytic response to chronically implanted electrodes. 
  • Biological Principles of Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT) and Stereotactic Radiation Surgery (SRS): Indirect Cell Death. 
  • Biological activity of agarose-immobilized catecholamines. 
  • Biological activity of interleukin-10 in the central nervous system. 
  • Biological cross-reactivity of rat testis phosphodiesterase activator protein and rabbit skeletal muscle troponin-C. 
  • Bioluminescence imaging of glucose in tissue surrounding polyurethane and glucose sensor implants. 
  • Biomanufacturing organized collagen-based microfibers as a Tissue ENgineered Device (TEND) for tendon regeneration. 
  • Biophysically realistic neuron models for simulation of cortical stimulation. 
  • Bioresorbable silicon electronics for transient spatiotemporal mapping of electrical activity from the cerebral cortex. 
  • Biphasic effects of interleukin-1beta on osteoblast differentiation in vitro. 
  • Bisphenol A delays the perinatal chloride shift in cortical neurons by epigenetic effects on the Kcc2 promoter. 
  • Bisphenol A interacts with the estrogen receptor alpha in a distinct manner from estradiol. 
  • Blockade of L-selectin attenuates reperfusion injury in a rat model. 
  • Blockade of NAALADase: a novel neuroprotective strategy based on limiting glutamate and elevating NAAG. 
  • Blockade of NMDA receptors in the dorsomedial striatum prevents action-outcome learning in instrumental conditioning. 
  • Blood flow regulation by S-nitrosohemoglobin in the physiological oxygen gradient. 
  • Blood levels and urinary excretion of harmine and its metabolites in man and rats. 
  • Blood vessel matrix: a new alternative for abdominal wall reconstruction. 
  • Blood-brain barrier disruption in immature Fischer 344 rats. 
  • Blood-induced arterial segmental spasm. 
  • Body temperature-dependent and independent actions of chlordimeform on visual evoked potentials and axonal transport in optic system of rat. 
  • Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation Increases GAP-43 Expression via ERK1/2 and PI3K/Akt Pathways in Intracerebral Hemorrhage. 
  • Bone marrow-derived lymphoid cells (B cells): functional depletion with cobra factor and fresh serum. 
  • Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells undergo JCV T-antigen mediated transformation and generate tumors with neuroectodermal characteristics. 
  • Bone morphogenetic protein induces bone in the squirrel monkey, but bone matrix does not. 
  • Bone sialoprotein-collagen interaction promotes hydroxyapatite nucleation. 
  • Bone targeting nanocarrier-assisted delivery of adenosine to combat osteoporotic bone loss. 
  • Both insulin and epidermal growth factor stimulate lipogenesis and acetyl-CoA carboxylase activity in isolated adipocytes. Importance of homogenization procedure in avoiding artefacts in acetyl-CoA carboxylase assay. 
  • Bradykinin enhances AMPA and NMDA receptor activity in spinal cord dorsal horn neurons by activating multiple kinases to produce pain hypersensitivity. 
  • Bradykinin produces pain hypersensitivity by potentiating spinal cord glutamatergic synaptic transmission. 
  • Brain Arachidonic Acid Incorporation and Turnover are not Altered in the Flinders Sensitive Line Rat Model of Human Depression. 
  • Brain Metastasis Cell Lines Panel: A Public Resource of Organotropic Cell Lines. 
  • Brain Stimulation Differentially Modulates Nociception and Inflammation in Aversive and Non-aversive Behavioral Conditions. 
  • Brain ablation in the rat cerebral cortex using a tunable-free electron laser. 
  • Brain catecholamines and memory modulation: effects of footshock, amygdala implantation, and stimulation. 
  • Brain death significantly reduces isolated pancreatic islet yields and functionality in vitro and in vivo after transplantation in rats. 
  • Brain injury and protective effects of hypothermia using triphenyltetrazolium chloride in neonatal rat. 
  • Brain insulin lowers circulating BCAA levels by inducing hepatic BCAA catabolism. 
  • Brain ligatin: a membrane lectin that binds acetylcholinesterase. 
  • Brain microvascular injury and white matter disease provoked by diabetes-associated hyperamylinemia. 
  • Brain neurotransmitter turnover rates during rat intravenous cocaine self-administration. 
  • Brain oxygenation and CNS oxygen toxicity after infusion of perfluorocarbon emulsion. 
  • Brain temperature alters hydroxyl radical production during cerebral ischemia/reperfusion in rats. 
  • Brain tissue saving effects by single-dose intralesional administration of Neuroprotectin D1 on experimental focal penetrating brain injury in rats. 
  • Brain transections differentially alter lordosis and ear wiggling of 6-day-old rats. 
  • Brain tumor types induced by the Schmidt-Ruppin strain of Rous sarcoma virus in inbred Fischer rats. 
  • Brain tumors in man and animals: report of a workshop. 
  • Brain-derived neurotrophic factor-activated astrocytes produce mechanical allodynia in neuropathic pain. 
  • Brain-specific polyA- transcripts are detected in polyA+ RNA: do complex polyA- brain RNAs really exist? 
  • Branched-chain amino acids alter neurobehavioral function in rats. 
  • Branched-chain α-ketoacids are preferentially reaminated and activate protein synthesis in the heart. 
  • Breakage of single-stranded DNA by eukaryotic type 1 topoisomerase occurs only at regions with the potential for base-pairing. 
  • Breakage of single-stranded DNA by rat liver nicking-closing enzyme with the formation of a DNA-enzyme complex. 
  • Breath timing, volume and drive to breathe in conscious rats: comparative aspects. 
  • Brequinar sodium potentiates the effects of cyclosporine in experimental small bowel transplantation. 
  • Bridged peptide macrocycles as ligands for PDZ domain proteins. 
  • Brief Glutamine Pretreatment Increases Alveolar Macrophage CD163/Heme Oxygenase-1/p38-MAPK Dephosphorylation Pathway and Decreases Capillary Damage but Not Neutrophil Recruitment in IL-1/LPS-Insufflated Rats. 
  • Brominated and organophosphate flame retardants target different neurodevelopmental stages, characterized with embryonic neural stem cells and neuronotypic PC12 cells. 
  • Bronchial and bronchiolar fibrosis in rats exposed to 2,3-pentanedione vapors: implications for bronchiolitis obliterans in humans. 
  • Building an organic computing device with multiple interconnected brains. 
  • Bupropion-varenicline interactions and nicotine self-administration behavior in rats. 
  • Burn wound sepsis: effect of delayed treatment with topical chemotherapy on survival. 
  • Burst-Dependent Bidirectional Plasticity in the Cerebellum Is Driven by Presynaptic NMDA Receptors. 
  • Bursts and the efficacy of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. 
  • Bypassing the duodenum does not improve insulin resistance associated with diet-induced obesity in rodents. 
  • C/EBPβ controls exercise-induced cardiac growth and protects against pathological cardiac remodeling. 
  • C1-esterase inhibitor and a novel peptide inhibitor improve contractile function in reperfused skeletal muscle. 
  • C3orf58, a novel paracrine protein, stimulates cardiomyocyte cell-cycle progression through the PI3K-AKT-CDK7 pathway. 
  • CCK and other peptides modulate hypothalamic norepinephrine release in the rat: dependence on hunger or satiety. 
  • CCK-releasing activity of rat intestinal secretion: effect of atropine and comparison with monitor peptide. 
  • CD14-dependent mechanism for endotoxin-mediated nitric oxide synthesis in murine macrophages. 
  • CD19 can regulate B lymphocyte signal transduction independent of complement activation. 
  • CD9 plays a role in Schwann cell migration in vitro. 
  • CFTR as a cAMP-dependent regulator of sodium channels. 
  • CHOP mediates endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis in Gimap5-deficient T cells. 
  • CNS glucagon-like peptide-1 receptors mediate endocrine and anxiety responses to interoceptive and psychogenic stressors. 
  • CNS inflammation and bone marrow neuropathy in type 1 diabetes. 
  • CNS location of uterine-related neurons revealed by trans-synaptic tracing with pseudorabies virus and their relation to estrogen receptor-immunoreactive neurons. 
  • CNS myelin wrapping is driven by actin disassembly. 
  • COG1410 improves cognitive performance and reduces cortical neuronal loss in the traumatically injured brain. 
  • COG1410, a novel apolipoprotein-E mimetic, improves functional and morphological recovery in a rat model of focal brain ischemia. 
  • COG1410, an apolipoprotein E-based peptide, improves cognitive performance and reduces cortical loss following moderate fluid percussion injury in the rat. 
  • COQ6 mutations in human patients produce nephrotic syndrome with sensorineural deafness. 
  • CRISPR/Cas9 Mediated Deletion of the Angiotensinogen Gene Reduces Hypertension: A Potential for Cure? 
  • CS-4,6 is differentially upregulated in glial scar and is a potent inhibitor of neurite extension. 
  • CYP7B1: one cytochrome P450, two human genetic diseases, and multiple physiological functions. 
  • Ca(2+)-dependent nitric oxide release in endothelial but not R3230Ac rat mammary adenocarcinoma cells. 
  • Ca(2+)-regulated serine protease associated with the nuclear scaffold. 
  • Ca(2+)/calmodulin regulates Kvβ1.1-mediated inactivation of voltage-gated K(+) channels. 
  • Ca2+-dependent regulation of cyclic-AMP phosphodiesterase by parvalbumin. 
  • Ca2+-dependent regulator. Production and characterization of a monospecific antibody. 
  • Ca2+/calmodulin regulates trafficking of Ca(V)1.2 Ca2+ channels in cultured hippocampal neurons. 
  • Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type IV in dorsal root ganglion: colocalization with peptides, axonal transport and effect of axotomy. 
  • CaMKII tethers to L-type Ca2+ channels, establishing a local and dedicated integrator of Ca2+ signals for facilitation. 
  • Cadmium induction of reactive oxygen species activates the mTOR pathway, leading to neuronal cell death. 
  • Cafeteria diet is a robust model of human metabolic syndrome with liver and adipose inflammation: comparison to high-fat diet. 
  • Calbindin-containing non-specific thalamocortical projecting neurons in the rat. 
  • Calcineurin controls drug tolerance, hyphal growth, and virulence in Candida dubliniensis. 
  • Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in the rat central nervous system: patterns of immunoreactivity and receptor binding sites. 
  • Calcitonin gene-related peptide and reperfusion injury. 
  • Calcitonin gene-related peptide-induced selective inhibition of gastric acid secretion in dogs. 
  • Calcitonin gene-related peptide: potent peripheral inhibitor of gastric acid secretion in rats and dogs. 
  • Calcium binding by synaptotagmin's C2A domain is an essential element of the electrostatic switch that triggers synchronous synaptic transmission. 
  • Calcium channel function regulated by the SH3-GK module in beta subunits. 
  • Calcium dependent CAMTA1 in adult stem cell commitment to a myocardial lineage. 
  • Calcium oxalate and iron accumulation in sarcoidosis. 
  • Calcium-dependent gamma-aminobutyrate release by interneurons of rat hippocampal regions: lesion-induced plasticity. 
  • Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II. Characterization of distinct calmodulin binding and inhibitory domains. 
  • Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2: roles in signaling and pathophysiology. 
  • Calibration of methylene-referenced lipid-dissolved xenon frequency for absolute MR temperature measurements. 
  • Calmodulin binds to the N-terminal domain of the cardiac sodium channel Nav1.5. 
  • Calmodulin regulation of excitation-contraction coupling in cardiac myocytes. 
  • Calmodulin-cardiac troponin C chimeras. Effects of domain exchange on calcium binding and enzyme activation. 
  • Calmodulin-dependent multifunctional protein kinase. Evidence for isoenzyme forms in mammalian tissues. 
  • Calmodulin-stimulated protein kinase activity from rat pancreas. 
  • Calmodulin. Development and application of a sensitive radioimmunoassay. 
  • Calmodulin: properties, intracellular localization, and multiple roles in cell regulation. 
  • Calpain inhibition prevents sinusoidal endothelial cell apoptosis in the cold ischemic rat liver. 
  • Calpain mediates ischemic injury of the liver through modulation of apoptosis and necrosis. 
  • Calpain-mediated AQP2 proteolysis in inner medullary collecting duct. 
  • Can food be addictive? Public health and policy implications. 
  • Cancer in rodents: does it tell us about cancer in humans? 
  • Cannabinoid exposure and altered DNA methylation in rat and human sperm. 
  • Cannabinoids. Synthesis and central nervous system activity of 8-substituted 10-hydroxy-5,5-dimethyl-5H-[1]benzopyrano[4,3-c]pyridine and derivatives. 
  • Cannabis alters DNA methylation at maternally imprinted and autism candidate genes in spermatogenic cells. 
  • Cannabis use is associated with potentially heritable widespread changes in autism candidate gene DLGAP2 DNA methylation in sperm. 
  • Capsaicin activated currents in rat dorsal root ganglion cells. 
  • Capsaicin and nicotine both activate a subset of rat trigeminal ganglion neurons. 
  • Capsaicin inhibits activation of voltage-gated sodium currents in capsaicin-sensitive trigeminal ganglion neurons. 
  • Capsaicin, acid and heat-evoked currents in rat trigeminal ganglion neurons: relationship to functional VR1 receptors. 
  • Capsaicin-induced currents with distinct desensitization and Ca2+ dependence in rat trigeminal ganglion cells. 
  • Capsazepine, a vanilloid receptor antagonist, inhibits nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in rat trigeminal ganglia. 
  • Captopril and platelet-activating factor (PAF) antagonist prevent cardiac allograft vasculopathy in rats: role of endogenous PAF and PAF-like compounds. 
  • Captopril reduces graft coronary artery disease in a rat heterotopic transplant model. 
  • Captopril suppresses post-transplantation angiogenic activity in rat allograft coronary vessels. 
  • Carbohydrate histochemistry of surface epithelium of rat trachea: backscatter and x-ray imaging. 
  • Carbon Monoxide and Exercise Prevents Diet-Induced Obesity and Metabolic Dysregulation Without Affecting Bone. 
  • Carbon monoxide actuates O(2)-limited heme degradation in the rat brain. 
  • Carbon monoxide promotes hypoxic pulmonary vascular remodeling. 
  • Carbon monoxide reversibly alters iron homeostasis and respiratory epithelial cell function. 
  • Carbon monoxide, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial permeability pore transition. 
  • Carbon monoxide-cytochrome interactions in the brain of the fluorocarbon-perfused rat. 
  • Carcinoembryonic antigen binding proteins on elicited peritoneal macrophages. 
  • Carcinoembryonic antigen binding to Kupffer cells is via a peptide located at the junction of the N-terminal and first loop domains. 
  • Carcinogen-induced unscheduled DNA synthesis in xenotransplanted human tracheobronchial epithelium: comparison with rat tracheal epithelium. 
  • Carcinogenicity and toxicity of inhaled nitrobenzene in B6C3F1 mice and F344 and CD rats. 
  • Carcinogenicity of a nephrotoxic metabolite of the "nongenotoxic" carcinogen hydroquinone. 
  • Cardiac Stem Cell Patch Integrated with Microengineered Blood Vessels Promotes Cardiomyocyte Proliferation and Neovascularization after Acute Myocardial Infarction. 
  • Cardiac Stromal Cell Patch Integrated with Engineered Microvessels Improves Recovery from Myocardial Infarction in Rats and Pigs. 
  • Cardiac alpha-adrenergic receptor expression is regulated by thyroid hormone during a critical developmental period. 
  • Cardiac cell therapy in vitro: reproducible assays for comparing the efficacy of different donor cells. 
  • Cardiac cell-integrated microneedle patch for treating myocardial infarction. 
  • Cardiac fibroblast paracrine factors alter impulse conduction and ion channel expression of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. 
  • Cardiac glutaminolysis: a maladaptive cancer metabolism pathway in the right ventricle in pulmonary hypertension. 
  • Cardiac glycosides provide neuroprotection against ischemic stroke: discovery by a brain slice-based compound screening platform. 
  • Cardiac hypertrophy induced by mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7, a specific activator for c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase in ventricular muscle cells. 
  • Cardiac morphology and function in senescent rats: gender-related differences. 
  • Cardiac muscle tissue engineering: toward an in vitro model for electrophysiological studies. 
  • Cardiac renin-angiotensin system. Molecular and functional aspects. 
  • Cardiac tissue engineering using stem cells. 
  • Cardiac tissue engineering: cell seeding, cultivation parameters, and tissue construct characterization. 
  • Cardiac vulnerability to ischemia/reperfusion injury drastically increases in late pregnancy. 
  • Cardiac-specific mindin overexpression attenuates cardiac hypertrophy via blocking AKT/GSK3β and TGF-β1-Smad signalling. 
  • Cardio-protective effects of carnitine in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. 
  • Cardiomyocyte cultures with controlled macroscopic anisotropy: a model for functional electrophysiological studies of cardiac muscle. 
  • Cardiopatch platform enables maturation and scale-up of human pluripotent stem cell-derived engineered heart tissues. 
  • Cardioprotective effects of iron chelator HAPI and ROS-activated boronate prochelator BHAPI against catecholamine-induced oxidative cellular injury. 
  • Cardiopulmonary bypass induces neurologic and neurocognitive dysfunction in the rat. 
  • Cardiopulmonary bypass reduces the minimum alveolar concentration for isoflurane. 
  • Cardiovascular and respiratory effects of harmine. 
  • Cardiovascular regulation in response to multiple hemorrhages: analysis and parameter estimation. 
  • Carisbamate, a novel antiepileptic candidate compound, attenuates alcohol intake in alcohol-preferring rats. 
  • Carnitine insufficiency caused by aging and overnutrition compromises mitochondrial performance and metabolic control. 
  • Carotid artery injections in 40- to 99-g Fischer rats: technical note and evaluation of blood flow by various injection techniques. 
  • Carotid sinus nerve electrical stimulation in conscious rats attenuates systemic inflammation via chemoreceptor activation. 
  • Casein kinase 1 regulates Sprouty2 in FGF-ERK signaling. 
  • Caspase activation and amyloid precursor protein cleavage in rat ocular hypertension. 
  • Caspase-3 activation in rat frontal cortex following treatment with typical and atypical antipsychotics. 
  • Catabolism of (2E)-4-hydroxy-2-nonenal via ω- and ω-1-oxidation stimulated by ketogenic diet. 
  • Catabolism of 4-hydroxyacids and 4-hydroxynonenal via 4-hydroxy-4-phosphoacyl-CoAs. 
  • Catabolism of exogenous lactate reveals it as a legitimate metabolic substrate in breast cancer. 
  • Catalytic autoantibodies against myelin basic protein (MBP) isolated from serum of autistic children impair in vitro models of synaptic plasticity in rat hippocampus. 
  • Cataract formation in a strain of rats selected for high oxidative stress. 
  • Catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibition increases pain sensitivity through activation of both beta2- and beta3-adrenergic receptors. 
  • Catecholamine synthesis, storage and release in adrenal medulla and whole brain during acute and chronic methadone administration. 
  • Catecholaminergic regulation of opiate-stimulated growth hormone secretion in the developing rat. 
  • Cell adhesion peptides alter smooth muscle cell adhesion, proliferation, migration, and matrix protein synthesis on modified surfaces and in polymer scaffolds. 
  • Cell cycle protein expression in vascular smooth muscle cells in vitro and in vivo is regulated through phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and mammalian target of rapamycin. 
  • Cell cycle-dependent expression of thyroid hormone receptor-beta is a mechanism for variable hormone sensitivity. 
  • Cell cycle-dependent regulation of smooth muscle cell activation. 
  • Cell cycle-independent death of prostate adenocarcinoma is induced by the trk tyrosine kinase inhibitor CEP-751 (KT6587). 
  • Cell death and control of cell survival in the oligodendrocyte lineage. 
  • Cell death and proliferation and its relation to collagen degradation in uterine involution of rat. 
  • Cell death in the oligodendrocyte lineage. 
  • Cell number and distribution in human and rat airways. 
  • Cell proliferation is insufficient, but loss of tuberin is necessary, for chemically induced nephrocarcinogenicity. 
  • Cell survival promoted by the Ras-MAPK signaling pathway by transcription-dependent and -independent mechanisms. 
  • Cell type-specific effects of Notch signaling activation on intervertebral discs: Implications for intervertebral disc degeneration. 
  • Cell-based gene therapy for repair of critical size defects in the rat fibula. 
  • Cell-free hemoglobin reverses the endotoxin-mediated hyporesponsivity of rat aortic rings to alpha-adrenergic agents. 
  • Cellular engineering for the treatment of metabolic disorders: prospects for therapy in diabetes. 
  • Cellular immunity in rats with primary brain tumors: inhibition of macrophage migration by soluble extracts of avian sarcoma virus-induced tumors. 
  • Cellular localization and effect of nitric oxide synthesis in a rat model of orthotopic liver transplantation. 
  • Cellular mechanisms for developmental toxicity of chlorpyrifos: targeting the adenylyl cyclase signaling cascade. 
  • Cellular migration and invasion uncoupled: increased migration is not an inexorable consequence of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. 
  • Cellular patterns of insulin-like growth factor system gene expression in murine chondrogenesis and osteogenesis. 
  • Cellular regulation of the benzodiazepine/GABA receptor: arachidonic acid, calcium, and cerebral ischemia. 
  • Cellular uptake and processing of surfactant lipids and apoprotein SP-A by rat lung. 
  • Central Ca++-channel blockade reverses ethanol-induced poikilothermia in the rat. 
  • Central Nervous System GLP-1 Receptors Regulate Islet Hormone Secretion and Glucose Homeostasis in Male Rats. 
  • Central and peripheral effects of insulin/IGF-1 signaling in aging and cancer: antidiabetic drugs as geroprotectors and anticarcinogens. 
  • Central and peripheral expression of galanin in response to inflammation. 
  • Central and sympatho-adrenal responses to insulin in adult and neonatal rats. 
  • Central angiotensin-(1-7) attenuates systemic inflammation via activation of sympathetic signaling in endotoxemic rats. 
  • Central catecholaminergic lesions in the developing rat: effects of cardiac noradrenaline levels, turnover and release. 
  • Central effect of mu-opioid agonists on antral motility in conscious rats. 
  • Central glucagon like peptide-1 delays solid gastric emptying via central CRF and peripheral sympathetic pathway in rats. 
  • Central hemodynamic effects of an oxytocin receptor antagonist (atosiban) in the isolated, perfused rat heart. 
  • Central immune overactivation in the presence of reduced plasma corticosterone contributes to swim stress-induced hyperalgesia. 
  • Central infusion of glucagon-like peptide-1-(7-36) amide (GLP-1) receptor antagonist attenuates lithium chloride-induced c-Fos induction in rat brainstem. 
  • Central nervous system distribution of inhaled toluene. 
  • Central neurotoxicity after exposure to organic lead: susceptibility to seizures. 
  • Central role of mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase and reactive oxygen species in nitroglycerin tolerance and cross-tolerance. 
  • Cerebral amino acid, norepinephrine and nitric oxide metabolism in CNS oxygen toxicity. 
  • Cerebral bioenergetics and in vivo cytochrome c oxidase redox relationships. 
  • Cerebral blood flow and brain oxygenation in rats breathing oxygen under pressure. 
  • Cerebral cytochrome a,a3 inhibition by cyanide in bloodless rats. 
  • Cerebral hemorrhage and edema following brain biopsy in rats: significance of mean arterial blood pressure. 
  • Cerebral oxygenation and optimal vascular brain organization. 
  • Cerivastatin Nanoliposome as a Potential Disease Modifying Approach for the Treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. 
  • Changes in Neuroimmune and Neuronal Death Markers after Adolescent Alcohol Exposure in Rats are Reversed by Donepezil. 
  • Changes in S1 neural responses during tactile discrimination learning. 
  • Changes in dynorphin, enkephalin and cholecystokinin content of hippocampus and substantia nigra after amygdala kindling. 
  • Changes in intracellular chloride after oxygen-glucose deprivation of the adult hippocampal slice: effect of diazepam. 
  • Changes in lipid profiles of liver microsomes of rats following intratracheal administration of DDT or endosulfan. 
  • Changes in numbers and dimensions of chrysotile asbestos fibers in lungs of rats following short-term exposure. 
  • Changes in osmolality sensitize the response to capsaicin in trigeminal sensory neurons. 
  • Changes in pancreatic tryptophan in the rat in response to fasting. The effect of B-cytotoxic agents and variation through the oestrous cycle. 
  • Changes in protein levels of elongation factors, eEF1A-1 and eEF1A-2/S1, in long-term denervated rat muscle. 
  • Changes in sphingomyelinases, ceramide, Bax, Bcl(2), and caspase-3 during and after experimental status epilepticus. 
  • Changes in superoxide dismutase and catalase activities of rat brain regions during early global transient ischemia/reperfusion. 
  • Changes in the expression of transcription factors ATF-2 and Fra-2 after axotomy and during regeneration in rat retinal ganglion cells. 
  • Changes in the production of IL-10 and TNF-alpha in skeletal muscle of rats with heart failure secondary to acute myocardial infarction. 
  • Characteristics of GTP-mediated microsomal Ca2+ release. 
  • Characteristics of alloreactive rat T cell lines established from low and high rejecting orthotopic liver transplants. 
  • Characteristics of corneal xenograft rejection in a discordant species combination. 
  • Characteristics of lysine transport by isolated rat renal cortical tubule fragments. 
  • Characteristics of oral movements in rats during and after chronic haloperidol and fluphenazine administration. 
  • Characterization and comparison of commercially available antinuclear antibody kits using single pattern index sera. 
  • Characterization and distribution of protein kinase C isoforms in human skin fibroblasts. 
  • Characterization and expression of the complementary DNA encoding rat histidine decarboxylase. 
  • Characterization and follicle stimulating hormone activation of Sertoli cell cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinases. 
  • Characterization and tissue expression of multiple triiodothyronine receptor-auxiliary proteins and their relationship to the retinoid X-receptors. 
  • Characterization complex collagen fiber architecture in knee joint using high-resolution diffusion imaging. 
  • Characterization of 57 kDa statin as a true marker for growth arrest in tissue by its disappearance from regenerating liver. 
  • Characterization of G25K, a GTP-binding protein containing a novel putative nucleotide binding domain. 
  • Characterization of GABAA receptor-mediated 36chloride uptake in rat brain synaptoneurosomes. 
  • Characterization of NF-kB-mediated inhibition of catechol-O-methyltransferase. 
  • Characterization of UDP-glucuronic acid transport in rat liver microsomal vesicles with photoaffinity analogs. 
  • Characterization of a cDNA for the unexpressed form of cytochrome P-450g from the (-g) rat and differentiation of its mRNA from that of the (+g) phenotype using specific oligoprobes. 
  • Characterization of a major hepatic calmodulin acceptor protein (CAP-60). 
  • Characterization of a novel human corneal endothelial antigen. 
  • Characterization of a putative insulin-responsive element and its binding protein(s) in rat angiotensinogen gene promoter: regulation by glucose and insulin. 
  • Characterization of a rat type 2 angiotensin II receptor stably expressed in 293 cells. 
  • Characterization of a semi-rapid method for assessing delay discounting in rodents. 
  • Characterization of a spectrophotometric assay for cAMP phosphodiesterase. 
  • Characterization of alpha 2-adrenergic receptor subtype-specific antibodies. 
  • Characterization of alpha 2-macroglobulin binding to human trabecular meshwork cells: presence of the alpha 2-macroglobulin signaling receptor. 
  • Characterization of alpha-1 adrenoceptor subtypes in human and canine prostate membranes. 
  • Characterization of antibodies to canine renal renin. Studies of interspecies homology of renin using antibodies as probe. 
  • Characterization of antigens in SSV nonproducer cells. 
  • Characterization of barbiturate-stimulated chloride efflux from rat brain synaptoneurosomes. 
  • Characterization of canine intestinal cholecystokinin-58 lacking its carboxyl-terminal nonapeptide. Evidence for similar post-translational processing in brain and gut. 
  • Characterization of ceramide synthesis. A dihydroceramide desaturase introduces the 4,5-trans-double bond of sphingosine at the level of dihydroceramide. 
  • Characterization of cytoprotective and toxic properties of iron chelator SIH, prochelator BSIH and their degradation products. 
  • Characterization of deltamethrin metabolism by rat plasma and liver microsomes. 
  • Characterization of diffusing capacity and perfusion of the rat lung in a lipopolysaccaride disease model using hyperpolarized 129Xe. 
  • Characterization of elongation factor-1A (eEF1A-1) and eEF1A-2/S1 protein expression in normal and wasted mice. 
  • Characterization of in vivo acid secretory responses of rabbit with comparison to dog and rat. 
  • Characterization of interleukin-1 production by microglia in culture. 
  • Characterization of liposomes containing iodine-125-labeled radiographic contrast agents. 
  • Characterization of nuclear angiotensin-II-binding sites in rat liver and comparison with plasma membrane receptors. 
  • Characterization of platelet-derived growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor receptor expression in asbestos-induced rat mesothelioma. 
  • Characterization of purified endosomes containing the antidiuretic hormone-sensitive water channel from rat renal papilla. 
  • Characterization of putative amino acid transmitter release from slices of rat dentate gyrus. 
  • Characterization of senescence- and apoptosis-dependent forms of terminin as derived from a precursor found in replicating and nonreplicating cells. 
  • Characterization of substrate phosphorylation and use of calmodulin mutants to address implications from the enzyme crystal structure of calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I. 
  • Characterization of the analgesic effects of the benzodiazepine antagonist, Ro 15-1788. 
  • Characterization of the cell death promoter, Bad, in the developing rat retina and forebrain. 
  • Characterization of the cognitive effects of combined muscarinic and nicotinic blockade. 
  • Characterization of the facilitative effects of perinatal choline supplementation on timing and temporal memory. 
  • Characterization of the hyperpolarization-activated chloride current in dissociated rat sympathetic neurons. 
  • Characterization of the innate immune response to chronic aspiration in a novel rodent model. 
  • Characterization of the molybdenum cofactor of sulfite oxidase, xanthine, oxidase, and nitrate reductase. Identification of a pteridine as a structural component. 
  • Characterization of the rat type III hexokinase gene promoter. A functional octamer 1 motif is critical for basal promoter activity. 
  • Characterization of the statin-like S1 and rat elongation factor 1 alpha as two distinctly expressed messages in rat. 
  • Characterization of two different five-coordinate soluble guanylate cyclase ferrous-nitrosyl complexes. 
  • Characterization of ventral incisional hernia and repair using shear wave elastography. 
  • Characterizing effects of subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation on methamphetamine-induced circling behavior in hemi-Parkinsonian rats. 
  • Characterizing the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPARγ) ligand binding potential of several major flame retardants, their metabolites, and chemical mixtures in house dust. 
  • Charge density, not current density, is a more comprehensive safety measure of transcranial direct current stimulation. 
  • Chemical and structural modifications of alpha 2-macroglobulin: effects on receptor binding and endocytosis studied in an in vivo model. 
  • Chemically induced vasospasm: the effect of ischemia, vessel occlusion, and adrenergic blockade. 
  • Chemistry and biology of copper-chelatin. 
  • Chemistry and pharmacological studies of 3-alkoxy-2,5-disubstituted-pyridinyl compounds as novel selective α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor ligands that reduce alcohol intake in rats. 
  • Chemoattractant receptor-induced phosphorylation of L-selectin. 
  • Chemoattractant receptors activate distinct pathways for chemotaxis and secretion. Role of G-protein usage. 
  • Chemodosimetry of in vivo tumor liposomal drug concentration using MRI. 
  • Chemoprevention of NMU-induced rat mammary carcinoma with the combination of melatonin and 9-cis-retinoic acid. 
  • Chemotaxis by a CNS macrophage, the microglia. 
  • Chemotherapy of brain tumors. 
  • Chi-square test for R x C contingency tables with clustered data. 
  • Chicken calmodulin promoter activity in proliferating and differentiated cells. 
  • Chloride transport inhibitors influence recovery from oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced cellular injury in adult hippocampus. 
  • Chlorpromazine methiodide-induced barrel rotation: an antimuscarinic effect. 
  • Chlorpyrifos affects phenotypic outcomes in a model of mammalian neurodevelopment: critical stages targeting differentiation in PC12 cells. 
  • Chlorpyrifos developmental neurotoxicity: interaction with glucocorticoids in PC12 cells. 
  • Chlorpyrifos elicits mitotic abnormalities and apoptosis in neuroepithelium of cultured rat embryos. 
  • Chlorpyrifos exposure during a critical neonatal period elicits gender-selective deficits in the development of coordination skills and locomotor activity. 
  • Chlorpyrifos exposure during neurulation: cholinergic synaptic dysfunction and cellular alterations in brain regions at adolescence and adulthood. 
  • Chlorpyrifos interferes with cell development in rat brain regions. 
  • Chlorpyrifos releases norepinephrine from adult and neonatal rat brain synaptosomes. 
  • Chlorpyrifos targets developing glia: effects on glial fibrillary acidic protein. 
  • Cholecystokinin action on layer 6b neurons in somatosensory cortex. 
  • Cholecystokinin bioactivity in human plasma. Molecular forms, responses to feeding, and relationship to gallbladder contraction. 
  • Cholecystokinin blocks some effects of kainic acid in CA3 region of hippocampal slices. 
  • Cholecystokinin cells purified by fluorescence-activated cell sorting respond to monitor peptide with an increase in intracellular calcium. 
  • Cholecystokinin enhances GABAergic inhibitory transmission in basolateral amygdala. 
  • Cholecystokinin excites interneurons in rat basolateral amygdala. 
  • Cholecystokinin is not a peripheral satiety signal in the dog. 
  • Cholecystokinin, diet palatability, and feeding regulation in rats. 
  • Cholesterol homeostasis in the rat with a portacaval anastomosis. 
  • Cholesterol homeotasis in rats fed a purified diet. 
  • Cholestyramine feeding lowers number of colonic apoptotic cells in rat. 
  • Choline availability to the developing rat fetus alters adult hippocampal long-term potentiation. 
  • Choline deficiency induces apoptosis in SV40-immortalized CWSV-1 rat hepatocytes in culture. 
  • Choline supplementation during prenatal development reduces proactive interference in spatial memory. 
  • Choline-induced spatial memory facilitation correlates with altered distribution and morphology of septal neurons. 
  • Cholinergic projections to the visual thalamus and superior colliculus. 
  • Cholinergic receptor subtypes in the olfactory bulbectomy model of depression. 
  • Cholinergic receptors in heart and brainstem of rats exposed to nicotine during development: implications for hypoxia tolerance and perinatal mortality. 
  • Cholinergic stimulation of phosphatidic acid formation by rat cornea in vitro. 
  • Cholinergic stimulation of phosphatidylinositol hydrolysis by rat corneal epithelium in vitro. 
  • Cholinergic stimulation with pyridostigmine modulates a heart-spleen axis after acute myocardial infarction in spontaneous hypertensive rats. 
  • Cholinergic transmission in the dorsal hippocampus modulates trace but not delay fear conditioning. 
  • Cholinergic-dopaminergic interactions in cognitive performance. 
  • Cholinergic-dopaminergic interactions in radial-arm maze performance. 
  • Chondroitin Sulfate Glycosaminoglycan Hydrogels Create Endogenous Niches for Neural Stem Cells. 
  • Chromium (VI) at plausible drinking water concentrations is not genotoxic in the in vivo bone marrow micronucleus or liver unscheduled DNA synthesis assays. 
  • Chromosomal localization of gene for human glutamate receptor subunit-7. 
  • Chronic IL-1beta signaling potentiates voltage-dependent sodium currents in trigeminal nociceptive neurons. 
  • Chronic N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester-induced hypertension : novel molecular adaptation to systolic load in absence of hypertrophy. 
  • Chronic administration of U50,488H fails to produce hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis tolerance in neonatal rats. 
  • Chronic aspiration of gastric fluid accelerates pulmonary allograft dysfunction in a rat model of lung transplantation. 
  • Chronic aspiration of gastric fluid induces the development of obliterative bronchiolitis in rat lung transplants. 
  • Chronic cocaine administration increases CNS tyrosine hydroxylase enzyme activity and mRNA levels and tryptophan hydroxylase enzyme activity levels. 
  • Chronic cocaine administration sensitizes behavioral but not neuroendocrine responses. 
  • Chronic estrogen treatment decreases beta-adrenergic responses in rat cerebral cortex. 
  • Chronic ethanol consumption disturbs G-protein expression and inhibits cyclic AMP-dependent signaling in regenerating rat liver. 
  • Chronic ethanol consumption induces the production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and related cytokines in liver and adipose tissue. 
  • Chronic ethanol intoxication enhances the production of cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 by hepatocytes after human immunodeficiency virus-1 glycoprotein 120 vaccination. 
  • Chronic ethanol treatment induces H2O2 production selectively in pericentral regions of the liver lobule. 
  • Chronic exposure to air pollution particles increases the risk of obesity and metabolic syndrome: findings from a natural experiment in Beijing. 
  • Chronic exposure to paclitaxel diminishes phosphoinositide signaling by calpain-mediated neuronal calcium sensor-1 degradation. 
  • Chronic growth hormone treatment in normal rats reduces post-prandial skeletal muscle plasma membrane GLUT1 content, but not glucose transport or GLUT4 expression and localization. 
  • Chronic guanethidine treatment increases cardiac beta-adrenergic receptors. 
  • Chronic haloperidol administration does not block acute nicotine-induced improvements in radial-arm maze performance in the rat. 
  • Chronic haloperidol effects on oral movements and radial-arm maze performance in rats. 
  • Chronic inflammatory pain leads to increased blood-brain barrier permeability and tight junction protein alterations. 
  • Chronic infusions of mecamylamine into the medial habenula: Effects on nicotine self-administration in rats. 
  • Chronic inhibition of alpha4beta2 nicotinic receptors in the ventral hippocampus of rats: impacts on memory and nicotine response. 
  • Chronic inhibition of cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase 5A prevents and reverses cardiac hypertrophy. 
  • Chronic levodopa or pergolide administration induces down-regulation of dopamine receptors in denervated striatum. 
  • Chronic lithium administration has no effect on haloperidol-induced supersensitivity of pre- and postsynaptic dopamine receptors in rat brain. 
  • Chronic memantine decreases nicotine self-administration in rats. 
  • Chronic mild stress-induced anhedonia: greater effect in a genetic rat model of depression. 
  • Chronic morphine administration alters epinephrine uptake in rat adrenal storage vesicles. 
  • Chronic morphine induces downregulation of spinal glutamate transporters: implications in morphine tolerance and abnormal pain sensitivity. 
  • Chronic neuroleptics alter the effects of the D1 agonist SK&F 38393 and the D2 agonist LY171555 on oral movements in rats. 
  • Chronic nicotine and dizocilpine effects on nicotinic and NMDA glutamatergic receptor regulation: interactions with clozapine actions and attentional performance in rats. 
  • Chronic nicotine and dizocilpine effects on regionally specific nicotinic and NMDA glutamate receptor binding. 
  • Chronic nicotine and withdrawal effects on body weight and food and water consumption in female rats. 
  • Chronic nicotine and withdrawal effects on radial-arm maze performance in rats. 
  • Chronic nicotine interactions with clozapine and risperidone and attentional function in rats. 
  • Chronic nicotine reverses working memory deficits caused by lesions of the fimbria or medial basalocortical projection. 
  • Chronic nicotine working and reference memory effects in the 16-arm radial maze: interactions with D1 agonist and antagonist drugs. 
  • Chronic nicotinic agonist and antagonist effects on T-maze alternation. 
  • Chronic prenatal nicotine exposure sensitizes rat brain to acute postnatal nicotine challenge as assessed with ornithine decarboxylase. 
  • Chronic recurrent myocardial ischemic injury is significantly attenuated by pre-emptive adeno-associated virus heme oxygenase-1 gene delivery. 
  • Chronic sazetidine-A at behaviorally active doses does not increase nicotinic cholinergic receptors in rodent brain. 
  • Chronic spinal cord electrical stimulation protects against 6-hydroxydopamine lesions. 
  • Chronic sulpiride increased 3H-spiperone binding and calmodulin dependent phosphorylation in rat striatum. 
  • Chronic suppression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 in beta-cells impairs insulin secretion via inhibition of glucose rather than lipid metabolism. 
  • Chronic thromboxane inhibition preserves function of rejecting rat renal allografts. 
  • Chronic underactivity of medial frontal cortical beta2-containing nicotinic receptors increases clozapine-induced working memory impairment in female rats. 
  • Chronic very low dose naltrexone administration attenuates opioid withdrawal expression. 
  • Chronic-intermittent ethanol exposure during adolescence prevents normal developmental changes in sensitivity to ethanol-induced motor impairments. 
  • Chrysotile asbestos and H2O2 increase permeability of alveolar epithelium. 
  • Chylomicron formation and secretion is required for lipid-stimulated release of incretins GLP-1 and GIP. 
  • Cigarette smoke modulates vascular smooth muscle phenotype: implications for carotid and cerebrovascular disease. 
  • Cigarette smoke-induced MMP2 and MMP9 secretion from aortic vascular smooth cells is mediated via the Jak/Stat pathway. 
  • Ciliary neurotrophic factor is an axogenesis factor for retinal ganglion cells. 
  • Cinacalcet ameliorates cardiac fibrosis in uremic hearts through suppression of endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition. 
  • Cine magnetic resonance microscopy of the rat heart using cardiorespiratory-synchronous projection reconstruction. 
  • Circadian rhythms in rat mid-brain and caudate nucleus biogenic amine levels. 
  • Circulating microRNA expression profile: a novel potential predictor for chronic nervous lesions. 
  • Clarifying the Relative Impacts of Vascular and Nerve Injury That Culminate in Erectile Dysfunction in a Pilot Study Using a Rat Model of Prostate Irradiation and a Thrombopoietin Mimetic. 
  • Clearance and dimensional changes of crocidolite asbestos fibers isolated from lungs of rats following short-term exposure. 
  • Clearance of bile and trypsin in rat lungs following aspiration of human gastric fluid. 
  • Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor 1 (CPSF1) regulates alternative splicing of interleukin 7 receptor (IL7R) exon 6. 
  • Clinical prospects for neural grafting therapy for hippocampal lesions and epilepsy. 
  • Clonazepam-induced up-regulation of serotonin1 and serotonin2 binding sites in rat frontal cortex. 
  • Clonazepam-induced up-regulation of serotonin1 binding sites in frontal cortex of rat. 
  • Clonidine impairs recovery of beam-walking after a sensorimotor cortex lesion in the rat. 
  • Cloning and characterization of SLP3: a novel member of the stomatin family expressed by olfactory receptor neurons. 
  • Cloning and characterization of cytokeratins 8 and 19 in adult rat striated muscle. Interaction with the dystrophin glycoprotein complex. 
  • Cloning and characterization of rat-brain-specific transcripts: rare, brain-specific transcripts and tyrosine hydroxylase. 
  • Cloning and characterization of the major promoter of the human protein kinase C beta gene. Regulation by phorbol esters. 
  • Cloning and characterization of three new murine genes encoding short homologues of RNase P RNA. 
  • Cloning and molecular characterization of a cDNA clone to statin, a protein specifically expressed in nonproliferating quiescent and senescent fibroblasts. 
  • Cloning and pharmacological characterization of human alpha-1 adrenergic receptors: sequence corrections and direct comparison with other species homologues. 
  • Cloning of DNA corresponding to rare transcripts of rat brain: evidence of transcriptional and post-transcriptional control and of the existence of nonpolyadenylated transcripts. 
  • Cloning of cDNA and analysis of the gene for mouse angiotensin II type 2 receptor. 
  • Cloning of human and mouse brain cDNAs coding for S1, the second member of the mammalian elongation factor-1 alpha gene family: analysis of a possible evolutionary pathway. 
  • Cloning of rat thymic stromal lymphopoietin receptor (TSLPR) and characterization of genomic structure of murine Tslpr gene. 
  • Cloning of the mast cell protease, RMCP II. Evidence for cell-specific expression and a multi-gene family. 
  • Cloning, characterization, and genetic mapping of the rat type 2 angiotensin II receptor gene. 
  • Clorgyline and deprenyl attenuate striatal malonate and 3-nitropropionic acid lesions. 
  • Clozapine markedly elevates pregnenolone in rat hippocampus, cerebral cortex, and serum: candidate mechanism for superior efficacy? 
  • Clozapine treatment reverses dizocilpine-induced deficits of pre-pulse inhibition of tactile startle response. 
  • Co-culture of primary pulmonary cells to model alveolar injury and translocation of proteins. 
  • Co-exposure to pyridostigmine bromide, DEET, and/or permethrin causes sensorimotor deficit and alterations in brain acetylcholinesterase activity. 
  • Co-expression of nAChRs and molecules of the bitter taste transduction pathway by epithelial cells of intrapulmonary airways. 
  • Coal fly ash induces hepatic and pulmonary cytochrome P-450 and sigma-aminolevulinic acid synthetase in rats. 
  • Cocaine acts on accumbens monoamines and locomotor behavior via a 5-HT2A/2C receptor mechanism as shown by ketanserin: 24-h follow-up studies. 
  • Cocaine acutely inhibits DNA synthesis in developing rat brain regions: evidence for direct actions. 
  • Cocaine exacerbates hypoxia-induced cell damage in the developing brain: effects on ornithine decarboxylase activity and protein synthesis. 
  • Cocaine increases stimulated dopamine release more in periadolescent than adult rats. 
  • Cocaine inhibits central noradrenergic and dopaminergic activity during the critical developmental period in which catecholamines influence cell development. 
  • Cocaine sensitization in periadolescent and adult rats. 
  • Cocrystal structure of protein farnesyltransferase complexed with a farnesyl diphosphate substrate. 
  • Cofractionation of the 17-kD PK 14105 binding site protein with solubilized peripheral-type benzodiazepine binding sites. 
  • Cognitive deficits and CNS damage after a 4-day binge ethanol exposure in rats. 
  • Cognitive effects of neonatal hippocampal lesions in a rat model of schizophrenia. 
  • Colchicine administered into the area of the nucleus basalis decreases cortical nicotinic cholinergic receptors labelled by [3H]-acetylcholine. 
  • Collagen changes in rat cervix in pregnancy--polarized light microscopic and electron microscopic studies. 
  • Collagenase 1 and collagenase 3 expression in a guinea pig model of osteoarthritis. 
  • Collagenase: its physiological and pathological role. 
  • Collateral projections of predorsal bundle cells of the superior colliculus in the rat. 
  • Collision-based spiral acceleration in cardiac media: roles of wavefront curvature and excitable gap. 
  • Colocalization of band 3 with ankyrin and spectrin at the basal membrane of intercalated cells in the rat kidney. 
  • Colocalization of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitter markers in striatal projection neurons in the rat. 
  • Colocalization of tenascin with versican, a hyaluronate-binding chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan. 
  • Colonial morphology of staphylococci on Memphis agar: phase variation of slime production, resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics, and virulence. 
  • Colonic irritation in the rat sensitizes urinary bladder afferents to mechanical and chemical stimuli: an afferent origin of pelvic organ cross-sensitization. 
  • Colonic mucosal fatty acid synthase as an early biomarker for colorectal neoplasia: modulation by obesity and gender. 
  • Colonoscopic injection for murine solid cecal cancer model. 
  • Combination of anti-VEGF therapy and temozolomide in two experimental human glioma models. 
  • Combination pharmacotherapy: a mixture of small doses of naltrexone, fluoxetine, and a thyrotropin-releasing hormone analogue reduces alcohol intake in three strains of alcohol-preferring rats. 
  • Combined acetaldehyde and nicotine exposure depresses cardiac contraction in ventricular myocytes: prevention by folic acid. 
  • Combined antibody-high-performance liquid chromatography approach to assess prohormone processing. 
  • Combined bone morphogenetic protein-2 and -7 gene transfer enhances osteoblastic differentiation and spine fusion in a rodent model. 
  • Combined effect of acute denervation and ischemia on the microcirculation of skeletal muscle. 
  • Combined effects of dietary phytoestrogen and synthetic endocrine-active compound on reproductive development in Sprague-Dawley rats: genistein and methoxychlor. 
  • Combined organizational and activational effects of short and long photoperiods on spatial and temporal memory in rats. 
  • Combined total lymphoid irradiation and cyclosporine promote xenograft survival. 
  • Combining 'caged-dopamine' photolysis with fast-scan cyclic voltammetry to assess dopamine clearance and release autoinhibition in vitro. 
  • Commensal Bacteria Regulate Gene Expression and Differentiation in Vertebrate Olfactory Systems Through Transcription Factor REST. 
  • Commentary: Sympathectomy for cardiomyopathy: It's a matter of nerves. 
  • Common commercial and consumer products contain activators of the aryl hydrocarbon (dioxin) receptor. 
  • Compact point-detection fluorescence spectroscopy system for quantifying intrinsic fluorescence redox ratio in brain cancer diagnostics. 
  • Comparative absorption and bioaccumulation of polybrominated diphenyl ethers following ingestion via dust and oil in male rats. 
  • Comparative analysis of ACTH and corticosterone sampling methods in rats. 
  • Comparative analysis of small molecules and histone substrate analogues as LSD1 lysine demethylase inhibitors. 
  • Comparative analysis of the ATP-binding sites of Hsp90 by nucleotide affinity cleavage: a distinct nucleotide specificity of the C-terminal ATP-binding site. 
  • Comparative changes in the blood-brain barrier and cerebral infarction of SHR and WKY rats. 
  • Comparative developmental neurotoxicity of organophosphate insecticides: effects on brain development are separable from systemic toxicity. 
  • Comparative developmental neurotoxicity of organophosphates in vivo: transcriptional responses of pathways for brain cell development, cell signaling, cytotoxicity and neurotransmitter systems. 
  • Comparative incorporation of P32 into lung phosphatidyl choline in mammals with different metabolic and pulmonary morphologic characteristics. 
  • Comparative permeability of different glioma models to horseradish peroxidase. 
  • Comparative toxicity of kainic acid and other acidic amino acids toward rat hippocampal neurons. 
  • Comparative toxicity of polychlorinated biphenyl and polybrominated biphenyl in the rat liver: light and electron microscopic alterations after subacute dietary exposure. 
  • Comparative vibration levels perceived among species in a laboratory animal facility. 
  • Comparison of 10-0 polypropylene and 10-0 nylon sutures in rat arterial anastomosis. 
  • Comparison of Laser Doppler and Laser-Assisted Indocyanine Green Angiography Prediction of Flap Survival in a Novel Modification of the McFarlane Flap. 
  • Comparison of PBTK model and biomarker based estimates of the internal dosimetry of acrylamide. 
  • Comparison of [125I]HIPDm and [125I]iodoantipyrine in quantifying regional cerebral blood flow in rats. 
  • Comparison of acute neurobehavioral and cholinesterase inhibitory effects of N-methylcarbamates in rat. 
  • Comparison of acute response to polychlorinated biphenyl in liver of rat and channel catfish: a biochemical and morphological study. 
  • Comparison of aortic intima and inner media in young adult versus aging rats. Stereology in a polarized system. 
  • Comparison of continuous and interrupted suture techniques in microvascular anastomosis. 
  • Comparison of covalently and physically cross-linked polyethylene glycol-based hydrogels for the prevention of postoperative adhesions in a rat model. 
  • Comparison of fluctuations of oxygen tension in FSA, 9L, and R3230AC tumors in rats. 
  • Comparison of human and rat hepatocyte metabolism and mutagenic activation of 2-acetylaminofluorene. 
  • Comparison of human growth hormone binding to rat liver plasma and Golgi membranes. 
  • Comparison of intravenous versus intracarotid therapy with 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea in a rat brain tumor model. 
  • Comparison of plasminogen binding and activation on extracellular matrices produced by vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells. 
  • Comparison of pleural responses of rats and hamsters to subchronic inhalation of refractory ceramic fibers. 
  • Comparison of proteins transported in different tracts of the central nervous system. 
  • Comparison of pulmonary and pleural responses of rats and hamsters to inhaled refractory ceramic fibers. 
  • Comparison of seizures and brain lesions produced by intracerebroventricular kainic acid and bicuculline methiodide. 
  • Comparison of suture ligation, bipolar cauterization, and hemoclip ligation in the management of small branching vessels in a rat model. 
  • Comparison of the Hypoxia PET Tracer (18)F-EF5 to Immunohistochemical Marker EF5 in 3 Different Human Tumor Xenograft Models. 
  • Comparison of the effects of diphenylbarbituric acid, phenobarbital, pentobarbital and secobarbital on GABA-mediated inhibition and benzodiazepine binding. 
  • Comparison of the effects of propofol and pentobarbital on neurologic outcome and cerebral infarct size after temporary focal ischemia in the rat. 
  • Comparison of the in vitro sensitivity of rat acetylcholinesterase to chlorpyrifos-oxon: what do tissue IC50 values represent? 
  • Comparison of the potency of competitive NMDA antagonists against the neurotoxicity of glutamate and NMDA. 
  • Comparison of the relative inhibition of acetylcholinesterase and neuropathy target esterase in rats and hens given cholinesterase inhibitors. 
  • Comparison of the role of esterases in the differential age-related sensitivity to chlorpyrifos and methamidophos. 
  • Comparison of tumor and normal tissue oxygen tension measurements using OxyLite or microelectrodes in rodents. 
  • Comparison of two Mn porphyrin-based mimics of superoxide dismutase in pulmonary radioprotection. 
  • Comparison of valproate and phenobarbital treatment after status epilepticus in rats. 
  • Comparison of various iron chelators and prochelators as protective agents against cardiomyocyte oxidative injury. 
  • Comparison of various methods for delivering radiolabeled monoclonal antibody to normal rat brain. 
  • Compartmentalization of cAMP-dependent signaling by phosphodiesterase-4D is involved in the regulation of vasopressin-mediated water reabsorption in renal principal cells. 
  • Compartmentation of Metabolism of the C12-, C9-, and C5-n-dicarboxylates in Rat Liver, Investigated by Mass Isotopomer Analysis: ANAPLEROSIS FROM DODECANEDIOATE. 
  • Compensatory responses to pyruvate carboxylase suppression in islet beta-cells. Preservation of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. 
  • Complementary modulation of somatic inhibition by opioids and cannabinoids. 
  • Complete discontinuity of the distal fistula tract from the developing gut: direct histologic evidence for the mechanism of tracheoesophageal fistula formation. 
  • Complete thymectomy in adult rats with non-invasive endotracheal intubation. 
  • Complex binding of L-[3H]glutamate to hippocampal synaptic membranes in the absence of sodium. 
  • Complex structure and regulation of the ABP/SHBG gene. 
  • Complexity of cytoplasmic polyadenylated and nonpolyadenylated rat brain ribonucleic acids. 
  • Components of a calmodulin-dependent protein kinase cascade. Molecular cloning, functional characterization and cellular localization of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase beta. 
  • Compound A uptake and metabolism to mercapturic acids and 3,3,3-trifluoro-2-fluoromethoxypropanoic acid during low-flow sevoflurane anesthesia: biomarkers for exposure, risk assessment, and interspecies comparison. 
  • Comprehensive analysis of tissue preservation and recording quality from chronic multielectrode implants. 
  • Comprehensive characterization and optimization of anti-LRRK2 (leucine-rich repeat kinase 2) monoclonal antibodies. 
  • Comprehensive in vivo mapping of the human basal ganglia and thalamic connectome in individuals using 7T MRI. 
  • Comprehensive messenger ribonucleic acid profiling reveals that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma activation has coordinate effects on gene expression in multiple insulin-sensitive tissues. 
  • Computing with thalamocortical ensembles during different behavioural states. 
  • Concentration-Dependent Dual Role of Thrombin in Protection of Cultured Rat Cortical Neurons. 
  • Concerning the hormonal regulation of androgen binding protein in rat testis. 
  • Concerning the mechanism of FSH action: rapid stimulation of testicular synthesis of nuclear RNA. 
  • Concomitant control of mechanical properties and degradation in resorbable elastomer-like materials using stereochemistry and stoichiometry for soft tissue engineering. 
  • Concomitant development of [3H]-dopamine and [3H]-5-hydroxytryptamine uptake systems in rat brain regions. 
  • Concordance between trifluoroacetic acid and hepatic protein trifluoroacetylation after disulfiram inhibition of halothane metabolism in rats. 
  • Concurrent autoreceptor-mediated control of dopamine release and uptake during neurotransmission: an in vivo voltammetric study. 
  • Concurrent measurements of blood flow and transcapillary transport in xenotransplanted human gliomas in immunosuppressed rats. 
  • Conditioned changes in appetitive and consummatory responses to flavors paired with oral or nutrient reinforcement among adult rats. 
  • Conduction block in micropatterned cardiomyocyte cultures replicating the structure of ventricular cross-sections. 
  • Confocal imaging of intracellular chloride in living brain slices: measurement of GABAA receptor activity. 
  • Conformational considerations in the design of dual antagonists of platelet-activating factor (PAF) and histamine. 
  • Conformationally distinct five-coordinate heme-NO complexes of soluble guanylate cyclase elucidated by multifrequency electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). 
  • Conical electron tomography of a chemical synapse: vesicles docked to the active zone are hemi-fused. 
  • Consequences of alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor blockade during status epilepticus in the developing brain. 
  • Consequences of growth hormone deficiency on cardiac structure, function, and beta-adrenergic pathway: studies in mutant dwarf rats. 
  • Constitutive expression of placental lactogen in pancreatic beta cells: effects on cell morphology, growth, and gene expression. 
  • Consumption of a high-fat diet alters the homeostatic regulation of energy balance. 
  • Consumption of a high-fat diet in adulthood ameliorates the effects of neonatal parathion exposure on acetylcholine systems in rat brain regions. 
  • Consumption of a high-fat diet induces central insulin resistance independent of adiposity. 
  • Consumption of a high-galactose diet induces diabetic-like changes in the inner ear. 
  • Contamination with E1A-positive wild-type adenovirus accounts for species-specific stimulation of islet cell proliferation by CCK: a cautionary note. 
  • Continuous Whole-Body 3D Kinematic Recordings across the Rodent Behavioral Repertoire. 
  • Continuously infusing hyperpolarized 129Xe into flowing aqueous solutions using hydrophobic gas exchange membranes. 
  • Contraction of insulin-resistant muscle normalizes insulin action in association with increased mitochondrial activity and fatty acid catabolism. 
  • Contrasting effects of centromedial and basolateral amygdaloid lesions on stress-related responses in the rat. 
  • Contribution of magnetic resonance microscopy in the 12-week neurotoxicity evaluation of carbonyl sulfide in Fischer 344 rats. 
  • Contribution of superficial layer neurons to premotor bursts in the superior colliculus. 
  • Contributions of mossy fiber and CA1 pyramidal cell sprouting to dentate granule cell hyperexcitability in kainic acid-treated hippocampal slice cultures. 
  • Contributions of neural tone to in vivo passive muscle--tendon unit biomechanical properties in a rat rotator cuff animal model. 
  • Contributions of striatal subregions to place and response learning. 
  • Control of adenylate cyclase activity in developing rat heart and liver: effects of prenatal exposure to terbutaline or dexamethasone. 
  • Control of cholecystokinin receptor dephosphorylation in pancreatic acinar cells. 
  • Control of cyclin B1 localization through regulated binding of the nuclear export factor CRM1. 
  • Control of excitatory CNS synaptogenesis by astrocyte-secreted proteins Hevin and SPARC. 
  • Control of hepatic gluconeogenesis through the transcriptional coactivator PGC-1. 
  • Control of ingestion by oral habituation in rat pups. 
  • Control of ingestion in 6-day-old rat pups: termination of intake by gastric fill alone? 
  • Control of lens epithelial cell survival. 
  • Control of liver and brain aromatic amino-acid metabolism by phenylalanine hydroxylase. 
  • Control of mammalian circadian rhythm by CKIepsilon-regulated proteasome-mediated PER2 degradation. 
  • Control of microtubule assembly-disassembly by calcium-dependent regulator protein. 
  • Control of nucleic acid and protein synthesis in developing brain, kidney, and heart of the neonatal rat: effects of alpha-difluoromethylornithine, a specific, irreversible inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase. 
  • Control of voltage-gated potassium channel Kv2.2 expression by pyruvate-isocitrate cycling regulates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. 
  • Control protocol for robust in vitro glial scar formation around microwires: essential roles of bFGF and serum in gliosis. 
  • Controlled release of anti-inflammatory agent alpha-MSH from neural implants. 
  • Controlled release of etoricoxib from poly(ester urea) films for post-operative pain management. 
  • Controlled targeting of liposomal doxorubicin via the folate receptor in vitro. 
  • Controlling robots with the mind. 
  • Controlling the structural and functional anisotropy of engineered cardiac tissues. 
  • Convection-enhanced delivery of free gadolinium with the recombinant immunotoxin MR1-1. 
  • Convergence of bladder and colon sensory innervation occurs at the primary afferent level. 
  • Convergent control of serotonin transporter expression by glucocorticoids and cocaine in fetal and neonatal rat brain. 
  • Conversion of Tyr361 beta to Leu in mammalian protein farnesyltransferase impairs product release but not substrate recognition. 
  • Cooperation of Sp1 and p300 in the induction of the CDK inhibitor p21WAF1/CIP1 during NGF-mediated neuronal differentiation. 
  • Coordinate changes in C protein and myosin expression during skeletal muscle hypertrophy. 
  • Coordinated activation of corneal wound response genes in vivo as observed by in situ hybridization. 
  • Coordination of Brain-Wide Activity Dynamics by Dopaminergic Neurons. 
  • Copper-chelatin: isolation from various eucaryotic sources. 
  • Copper-chelatin: purification and properties of a copper-binding protein from rat liver. 
  • Copper-induced synthesis of copper-chelatin in rat liver. 
  • Cordon-bleu is an actin nucleation factor and controls neuronal morphology. 
  • Corneal organ cultures in tyrosinemia release chemotactic factors. 
  • Correction of diet-induced hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and skeletal muscle insulin resistance by moderate hyperleptinemia. 
  • Correlation of intrinsic optical signal, cerebral blood flow, and evoked potentials during activation of rat somatosensory cortex. 
  • Correlation of mitochondrial function and ischemic contracture. 
  • Cortical and thalamic contributions to response dynamics across layers of the primary somatosensory cortex during tactile discrimination. 
  • Cortical ensemble activity increasingly predicts behaviour outcomes during learning of a motor task. 
  • Corticosterone hypersecretion in preweanling rats exposed neonatally to trimethyltin. 
  • Corticotropin releasing factor (CRF): studies in alcohol preferring and non-preferring rats. 
  • Corticotropin releasing factor stimulates growth hormone secretion in neonatal rats. 
  • Coupled events in the early biochemical actions of FSH on the Sertoli cells of the testis. 
  • Coupling of proton binding in extracellular domain to channel gating in acid-sensing ion channel. 
  • Covalent binding of inhaled formaldehyde to DNA in the respiratory tract of rhesus monkeys: pharmacokinetics, rat-to-monkey interspecies scaling, and extrapolation to man. 
  • Covalent labeling of the cerebral cortex alpha 1-adrenergic receptor with a new high affinity radioiodinated photoaffinity probe. 
  • Creatine and phosphocreatine analogs: anticancer activity and enzymatic analysis. 
  • Creatine supplementation reduces doxorubicin-induced cardiomyocellular injury. 
  • Creation and properties of histocompatibility antigen-cell conjugates. I. Preparation and immunological properties of rat histocompatibility antigens. 
  • Creation and properties of histocompatibility antigen-cell conjugates. II. Antibody tolerance after treatment with donor histocompatibility antigen chemically coupled to recipient spleen cells. 
  • Creation of versatile cloning platforms for transgene expression and dCas9-based epigenome editing. 
  • Critical development periods for inhibition of ornithine decarboxylase by alpha-difluoromethylornithine: effects on ontogeny of sensorimotor behavior. 
  • Critical periods for chlorpyrifos-induced developmental neurotoxicity: alterations in adenylyl cyclase signaling in adult rat brain regions after gestational or neonatal exposure. 
  • Critical periods for the role of oxidative stress in the developmental neurotoxicity of chlorpyrifos and terbutaline, alone or in combination. 
  • Critical prenatal and postnatal periods for persistent effects of dexamethasone on serotonergic and dopaminergic systems. 
  • Cromolyn ameliorates acute and chronic injury in a rat lung transplant model. 
  • Cross-desensitization of chemoattractant receptors occurs at multiple levels. Evidence for a role for inhibition of phospholipase C activity. 
  • Cross-linking of porcine acellular dermal matrices negatively affects induced neovessel formation using platelet-rich plasma in a rat model of hernia repair. 
  • Cryo-electron microscopy of biological samples. 
  • Cryptic brain cell injury caused by fetal nicotine exposure is associated with persistent elevations of c-fos protooncogene expression. 
  • Cryptococcus neoformans is resistant to surfactant protein A mediated host defense mechanisms. 
  • Crystal structure of farnesyl protein transferase complexed with a CaaX peptide and farnesyl diphosphate analogue. 
  • Crystal structures of the anticancer clinical candidates R115777 (Tipifarnib) and BMS-214662 complexed with protein farnesyltransferase suggest a mechanism of FTI selectivity. 
  • Crystallization and preliminary X-ray investigation of calmodulin. 
  • Crystallization and preliminary x-ray studies of NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase. 
  • Crystallographic analysis reveals that anticancer clinical candidate L-778,123 inhibits protein farnesyltransferase and geranylgeranyltransferase-I by different binding modes. 
  • Crystallographic studies of calmodulin. 
  • Cultivation in rotating bioreactors promotes maintenance of cardiac myocyte electrophysiology and molecular properties. 
  • Culture of hepatocytes on fructose-modified chitosan scaffolds. 
  • Culture of primary rat hepatocytes within porous chitosan scaffolds. 
  • Cultured glomerular mesangial cells contain renin: influence of calcium and isoproterenol. 
  • Cultured motor neurons possess calcium-permeable AMPA/kainate receptors. 
  • Cultured thymus tissue implantation promotes donor-specific tolerance to allogeneic heart transplants. 
  • Cumulative responses of muscle protein synthesis are augmented with chronic resistance exercise training. 
  • Curcumin Ameliorates Heat-Induced Injury through NADPH Oxidase-Dependent Redox Signaling and Mitochondrial Preservation in C2C12 Myoblasts and Mouse Skeletal Muscle. 
  • Curcumin inhibits LPS-induced CCL2 expression via JNK pathway in C6 rat astrocytoma cells. 
  • Cyanide-induced cytochrome a,a3 oxidation-reduction responses in rat brain in vivo. 
  • Cyanide-related changes in cerebral O2 delivery and metabolism in fluorocarbon-circulated rats. 
  • Cyclic GMP modulates depletion-activated Ca2+ entry in pancreatic acinar cells. 
  • Cyclin D/CDK4/6 activity controls G1 length in mammalian cells. 
  • Cyclocreatine in cancer chemotherapy. 
  • Cyclophosphamide treatment used to manipulate the immune response for the production of monoclonal antibodies. 
  • Cyclosporin-A increases synthesis of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in the rat and mouse. 
  • Cyclosporine augments receptor-mediated cellular Ca2+ fluxes in isolated hepatocytes. 
  • Cyclosporine increases hepatocyte synthesis of the immunosuppressive free radical nitric oxide. 
  • Cyclosporine increases local glomerular synthesis of reactive oxygen species in rats: effect of vitamin E on cyclosporine nephrotoxicity. 
  • Cysteine and glutathione levels in developing rat kidney and liver. 
  • Cystine-glutamate transport interactions in rat renal cortical tubules, brushborder vesicles, and cultured renal tubule cells. 
  • Cytochrome P-450- and glutathione-associated enzyme activities in freshly isolated enriched lung cell fractions from beta-naphthoflavone-treated male F344 rats. 
  • Cytochrome P1-450 structural gene in mouse, rat, and rabbit: differences in DNA methylation and developmental expression of mRNA. 
  • Cytochrome P450IIIA activity and cytokine-mediated synthesis of nitric oxide. 
  • Cytogenetic and molecular correlates between rodent and human renal cell carcinoma. 
  • Cytokine effects on cortical neuron MAP-2 immunoreactivity: implications for schizophrenia. 
  • Cytokine mRNA expression in postischemic/reperfused myocardium. 
  • Cytokine mechanisms of central sensitization: distinct and overlapping role of interleukin-1beta, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in regulating synaptic and neuronal activity in the superficial spinal cord. 
  • Cytokine-induced mobilization of circulating endothelial progenitor cells enhances repair of injured arteries. 
  • Cytokine-mediated production of nitric oxide in isolated rat hepatocytes is dependent on cytochrome P-450III activity. 
  • Cytoplasmic localization of the transforming protein of Fujinami sarcoma virus: salt-sensitive association with subcellular components. 
  • Cytoskeletal actin gates a Cl- channel in neocortical astrocytes. 
  • Cytosolic accumulation of small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) is dynamically regulated by NADPH oxidase. 
  • Cytostatic hypothermia and its impact on glioblastoma and survival. 
  • Cytotoxicity of inhaled coal fly ash in rats. 
  • Cytotoxicity of intratracheally administered coal fly ash: studies on lipids in the lung of rats. 
  • Cytotoxicity of intratracheally administered coal fly ash: studies on liver and plasma lipids in rats. 
  • D-cycloserine selectively decreases nicotine self-administration in rats with low baseline levels of response. 
  • D1 and D2 dopamine receptor interactions with pilocarpine-induced oral activity in rats. 
  • D1 and D2 dopamine receptors stimulate hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal activity in rats. 
  • DNA breakage and closure by rat liver type 1 topoisomerase: separation of the half-reactions by using a single-stranded DNA substrate. 
  • DNA regulatory sequences of the rat tyrosine hydroxylase gene direct correct catecholaminergic cell-type specificity of a human growth hormone reporter in the CNS of transgenic mice causing a dwarf phenotype. 
  • DNA repair protein O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase is phosphorylated by two distinct and novel protein kinases in human brain tumour cells. 
  • DNA structural features that lead to strand breakage by eukaryotic type-I topoisomerase. 
  • DNA transfer into vascular smooth muscle using fusigenic Sendai virus (HVJ)-liposomes. 
  • Daily intake of high dietary fiber slows accelerated colonic transit induced by restrain stress in rats. 
  • Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns Induce Inflammatory Injury During Machine Preservation of the Liver: Potential Targets to Enhance a Promising Technology. 
  • Daytime spikes in dopaminergic activity drive rapid mood-cycling in mice. 
  • Deconstructing 5-HT6 receptor effects on striatal circuit function. 
  • Decreased S -Nitrosylation of Tissue Transglutaminase Contributes to Age-Related Increases in Vascular Stiffness 
  • Decreased S100A9 Expression Promoted Rat Airway Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation by Stimulating ROS Generation and Inhibiting p38 MAPK. 
  • Decreased alcohol consumption by verapamil in alcohol preferring rats. 
  • Decreased analyte transport through implanted membranes: differentiation of biofouling from tissue effects. 
  • Decreased aquaporin expression leads to increased resistance to apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. 
  • Decreased beta-adrenergic responses in the female rat brain are eliminated by ovariectomy: correlation of [3H]dihydroalprenolol binding and catecholamine stimulated cyclic AMP levels. 
  • Decreased blood-brain barrier permeability to fluorescein in streptozotocin-treated rats. 
  • Decreased density, but not number, of N-methyl-D-aspartate, glycine and phencyclidine binding sites in hippocampus of senescent rats. 
  • Decreased feeding associated with acute hypoxia in rats. 
  • Decreased hernia recurrence using autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) with Strattice™ mesh in a rodent ventral hernia model. 
  • Decreased hyperthermic effect of MK-801 in selectively bred hypercholinergic rats. 
  • Decreased intracellular potassium levels underlie increased progesterone synthesis during ovarian follicular atresia. 
  • Decreased pigment epithelium-derived factor is associated with metastatic phenotype in human and rat prostate tumors. 
  • Decreased spontaneous motor activity parallels reserpine-induced supersensitivity of catecholamine-responsive rat cerebral cortex adenylate cyclase. 
  • Decreased thrombogenicity of vascular prostheses following gas denucleation by hydrostatic pressure. 
  • Decreasing nicotinic receptor activity and the spatial learning impairment caused by the NMDA glutamate antagonist dizocilpine in rats. 
  • Deep hypothermia markedly activates the small ubiquitin-like modifier conjugation pathway; implications for the fate of cells exposed to transient deep hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass. 
  • Deep-tissue photoacoustic tomography of a genetically encoded near-infrared fluorescent probe. 
  • Defective prolactin signaling impairs pancreatic β-cell development during the perinatal period. 
  • Deficiencies in pro-thyrotropin-releasing hormone processing and abnormalities in thermoregulation in Cpefat/fat mice. 
  • Deficits in development of central cholinergic pathways caused by fetal nicotine exposure: differential effects on choline acetyltransferase activity and [3H]hemicholinium-3 binding. 
  • Defining fibronectin's cell adhesion synergy site by site-directed mutagenesis. 
  • Defining regional infusion treatment strategies for extremity melanoma: comparative analysis of melphalan and temozolomide as regional chemotherapeutic agents. 
  • Degeneration of hippocampal CA3 pyramidal cells induced by intraventricular kainic acid. 
  • Degradation of engulfed mitochondria is rate-limiting in Optineurin-mediated mitophagy in neurons. 
  • Degradation of spectrin and ankyrin in the ischemic rat kidney. 
  • Dehydroepiandrosterone and analogs inhibit DNA binding of AP-1 and airway smooth muscle proliferation. 
  • Delayed activation of spinal microglia contributes to the maintenance of bone cancer pain in female Wistar rats via P2X7 receptor and IL-18. 
  • Delayed administration of recombinant human parathyroid hormone improves early biomechanical strength in a rat rotator cuff repair model. 
  • Delayed apoptosis allows islet β-cells to implement an autophagic mechanism to promote cell survival. 
  • Delayed suppression of serum luteinizing hormone after naloxone treatment in neonatal female rats. 
  • Delays in growth and biochemical development of rat brain caused by maternal methadone administration: are the alterations in synaptogenesis and cellular maturation independent of reduced maternal food intake? 
  • Deletion of the transient receptor potential cation channel TRPV4 impairs murine bladder voiding. 
  • Delineation of the signaling pathways involved in glucocorticoid-induced and spontaneous apoptosis of rat thymocytes. 
  • Delta 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol and ethanol: differential effects on sympathetic activity in differing environmental setting. 
  • Delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol suppression of prolactin secretion in the rat: lack of direct pituitary effect. 
  • Delta-opioid-receptor activation by [D-Pen2,D-Pen5]enkephalin and morphine inhibits substance P release from trigeminal nucleus slices. 
  • Demonstration and characterization of the hemoconcentrating effect of ascitic fluid that accumulates during hemorrhagic pancreatitis. 
  • Demonstration of GABA/barbiturate-receptor-mediated chloride transport in rat brain synaptoneurosomes: a functional assay of GABA receptor-effector coupling. 
  • Denatured muscle as a nerve conduit: a functional, morphologic, and electrophysiologic evaluation. 
  • Dendrites of classes of hippocampal neurons differ in structural complexity and branching patterns. 
  • Dendritic development of Purkinje and granule cells in the cerebellar cortex of rats treated postnatally with alpha-difluoromethylornithine. 
  • Dendritic properties of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons in the rat: intracellular staining in vivo and in vitro. 
  • Denervation-induced dendritic alterations in CA1 pyramidal cells following kainic acid hippocampal lesions in rats. 
  • Deoxycholate induces the preferential hydrolysis of polyphosphoinositides by human platelet and rat corneal phospholipase C. 
  • Dependence of residual dipolar couplings on foot angle in (1)H MR spectra from skeletal muscle. 
  • Dephosphorylation of distinct sites on microtubule-associated protein MAP1B by protein phosphatases 1, 2A and 2B. 
  • Depletion of brain amines reverses blood pressure response to footshock in rat. 
  • Depletion of myocardial high energy phosphates by induction of ventricular fibrillation prior to cardioplegic arrest. 
  • Deposition, clearance, and translocation of chrysotile asbestos from peripheral and central regions of the rat lung. 
  • Depressed excitability and integrated EEGs following hippocampal afterdischarges. 
  • Depressed responses to applied and synaptically-released GABA in CA1 pyramidal cells, but not in CA1 interneurons, after transient forebrain ischemia. 
  • Depression at thalamocortical synapses: the key for cortical neuronal adaptation? 
  • Depression by calcium of spontaneous transmitter release at the mammalian neuromuscular junction. 
  • Depression of LTP in rat dentate gyrus by naloxone is reversed by GABAA blockade. 
  • Depression of alcohol dehydrogenase activity in rat hepatocyte culture by dihydrotestosterone. 
  • Depressive characteristics of FSL rats: involvement of central nicotinic receptors. 
  • Depressive-like behavior and high alcohol drinking co-occur in the FH/WJD rat but appear to be under independent genetic control. 
  • Derepression of BDNF transcription involves calcium-dependent phosphorylation of MeCP2. 
  • Derivation of injury-responsive dendritic cells for acute brain targeting and therapeutic protein delivery in the stroke-injured rat. 
  • Desensitization-like changes in GABA receptor binding of rat fascia dentata after entorhinal lesion. 
  • Design of a calcium-binding protein with desired structure in a cell adhesion molecule. 
  • Design of bioelectronic interfaces by exploiting hinge-bending motions in proteins. 
  • Design, synthesis, and evaluation of linear and cyclic peptide ligands for PDZ10 of the multi-PDZ domain protein MUPP1. 
  • Design, synthesis, and pharmacological evaluation of ultrashort- to long-acting opioid analgetics. 
  • Designing safer chemicals: predicting the rates of metabolism of halogenated alkanes. 
  • Detection and characterization of a glutathione conjugate of ochratoxin A. 
  • Detection in human serum by radioimmunoassay of histidyl-proline diketopiperazine, a metabolite of thyrotropin-releasing hormone. 
  • Detection of Bladder Contractions From the Activity of the External Urethral Sphincter in Rats Using Sparse Regression. 
  • Detection of a transformation-specific glycopeptide in SSV-infected cells. 
  • Detection of bromobenzene-induced hepatocellular necrosis using magnetic resonance microscopy. 
  • Detection of emphysema in rat lungs by using magnetic resonance measurements of 3He diffusion. 
  • Detection of flap tissue ischemia in a rat model: Real-time monitoring of changes in oxygenation and perfusion through injectable biosensors. 
  • Determination of acrylamide in rat serum and sciatic nerve by gas chromatography-electron-capture detection. 
  • Determination of aromatase cytochrome P450 messenger ribonucleic acid in human breast tissue by competitive polymerase chain reaction amplification. 
  • Determination of estrogen receptor messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and cytochrome P450 aromatase mRNA levels in adipocytes and adipose stromal cells by competitive polymerase chain reaction amplification. 
  • Determination of l-alpha-acetylmethadol, l-alpha-noracetylmethadol and l-alpha-dinoracetylmethadol in plasma by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. 
  • Determination of local oxygen consumption rates in tumors. 
  • Developing nodes of Ranvier are defined by ankyrin-G clustering and are independent of paranodal axoglial adhesion. 
  • Development and regulation of dendrites in the rat superior cervical ganglion. 
  • Development of DX-9065a, a novel direct factor Xa antagonist, in cardiovascular disease. 
  • Development of [3H]nicotine binding sites in brain regions of rats exposed to nicotine prenatally via maternal injections or infusions. 
  • Development of a high-efficiency method for gene marking of Dunning prostate cancer cell lines with the enzyme beta-galactosidase. 
  • Development of a novel series of styrylquinoline compounds as high-affinity leukotriene D4 receptor antagonists: synthetic and structure-activity studies leading to the discovery of (+-)-3-[[[3-[2-(7-chloro-2-quinolinyl)-(E)-ethenyl]phenyl][[3- (dimethylamino)-3-oxopropyl]thio]methyl]thio]propionic acid. 
  • Development of a rat model of toluene-abuse embryopathy. 
  • Development of adrenergic receptor binding sites in brain regions of the neonatal rat: effects of prenatal or postnatal exposure to methylmercury. 
  • Development of alpha-noradrenergic and Dopaminergic receptor systems depends on maturation of their presynaptic nerve terminals in the rat brain. 
  • Development of an advanced hyperspectral imaging (HSI) system with applications for cancer detection. 
  • Development of brain beta-adrenergic receptors after neonatal 6-hydroxydopamine treatment. 
  • Development of central and peripheral catecholaminergic systems in rats addicted perinatally to methadone. 
  • Development of central control of norepinephrine turnover and release in the rat heart: responses to tyramine, 2-deoxyglucose and hydralazine. 
  • Development of cholinergic innervation in the hippocampal formation of the rat. I. Histochemical demonstration of acetylcholinesterase activity. 
  • Development of cholinergic innervation in the hippocampal formation of the rat. II. Quantitative changes in choline acetyltransferase and acetylcholinesterase activities. 
  • Development of direct GABAergic projections from the zona incerta to the somatosensory cortex of the rat. 
  • Development of dopamine neurotransmission and uptake inhibition in the caudate nucleus as measured by fast-cyclic voltammetry. 
  • Development of glucocorticoid receptor regulation in the rat forebrain: implications for adverse effects of glucocorticoids in preterm infants. 
  • Development of high affinity choline uptake and associated acetylcholine synthesis in the rat fascia dentata. 
  • Development of lipophilic anticancer agents for the treatment of brain tumors by the esterification of water-soluble chlorambucil. 
  • Development of long-distance efferent projections from fetal hippocampal grafts depends upon pathway specificity and graft location in kainate-lesioned adult hippocampus. 
  • Development of nicotinic drug therapy for cognitive disorders. 
  • Development of nicotinic responses in the rat adrenal medulla and long-term effects of neonatal nicotine administration. 
  • Development of polyamine and biogenic amine systems in brains and hearts of neonatal rats given dexamethasone: role of biochemical alterations in cellular maturation for producing deficits in ontogeny of neurotransmitter levels, uptake, storage and turnover. 
  • Development of postglucoprivic insulin-induced suckling and feeding in rats. 
  • Development of potent B-RafV600E inhibitors containing an arylsulfonamide headgroup. 
  • Development of prejunctional alpha 2 adrenergic receptor mediated feedback control of the pressor response to sympathetic nerve stimulation in hypertensive and normotensive rats. 
  • Development of sympathetic ganglionic neurotransmission in the neonatal rat. Pre- and postganglionic nerve response to asphyxia and 2-deoxyglucose. 
  • Development of the linkage of beta-adrenergic receptors to cardiac hypertrophy and heart rate control: neonatal sympathectomy with 6-hydroxydopamine. 
  • Development of type II pneumocytes in rat lung. 
  • Development-dependent disappearance of caspase-3 in skeletal muscle is post-transcriptionally regulated. 
  • Developmental Neurotoxicity of Tobacco Smoke Directed Toward Cholinergic and Serotonergic Systems: More Than Just Nicotine. 
  • Developmental biology of hepatic phenylalanine hydroxylase activity in foetal and neonatal rats synchronized as to conception. 
  • Developmental causes of allometry: new models and implications for phenotypic plasticity and evolution. 
  • Developmental change in the access to olfactory memories. 
  • Developmental change in unilateral olfactory habituation is mediated by anterior commissure maturation. 
  • Developmental changes in carbachol-stimulated inositolphosphate release in pigmented rat retina. 
  • Developmental changes in seizure susceptibility during ethanol withdrawal. 
  • Developmental changes in the hormonal regulation of rat testis Sertoli cell adenylyl cyclase. 
  • Developmental cholinotoxicants: nicotine and chlorpyrifos. 
  • Developmental diazinon neurotoxicity in rats: later effects on emotional response. 
  • Developmental differences in the acquisition of tolerance to ethanol. 
  • Developmental differences in the sensitivity of hippocampal GABAA receptor-mediated IPSCS to ethanol. 
  • Developmental differences in the sensitivity of spontaneous and miniature IPSCs to ethanol. 
  • Developmental effects of alpha-fluoromethylhistidine, an irreversible inhibitor of histidine decarboxylase, on growth and on levels and turnover of catecholamines. 
  • Developmental effects of chlorpyrifos extend beyond neurotoxicity: critical periods for immediate and delayed-onset effects on cardiac and hepatic cell signaling. 
  • Developmental exposure of rats to chlorpyrifos elicits sex-selective hyperlipidemia and hyperinsulinemia in adulthood. 
  • Developmental exposure of rats to chlorpyrifos leads to behavioral alterations in adulthood, involving serotonergic mechanisms and resembling animal models of depression. 
  • Developmental exposure to chlorpyrifos elicits sex-selective alterations of serotonergic synaptic function in adulthood: critical periods and regional selectivity for effects on the serotonin transporter, receptor subtypes, and cell signaling. 
  • Developmental exposure to organophosphates triggers transcriptional changes in genes associated with Parkinson's disease in vitro and in vivo. 
  • Developmental exposure to terbutaline alters cell signaling in mature rat brain regions and augments the effects of subsequent neonatal exposure to the organophosphorus insecticide chlorpyrifos. 
  • Developmental exposure to terbutaline and chlorpyrifos, separately or sequentially, elicits presynaptic serotonergic hyperactivity in juvenile and adolescent rats. 
  • Developmental exposure to terbutaline and chlorpyrifos: pharmacotherapy of preterm labor and an environmental neurotoxicant converge on serotonergic systems in neonatal rat brain regions. 
  • Developmental exposure to the flame retardant, triphenyl phosphate, causes long-lasting neurobehavioral and neurochemical dysfunction. 
  • Developmental expression of the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide gene in rat intestine. 
  • Developmental expression of the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) and its response to hyperoxia in the neonatal rat lung. 
  • Developmental increase in the sensitivity to magnesium of NMDA receptors on CA1 hippocampal pyramidal cells. 
  • Developmental neurotoxicants target neurodifferentiation into the serotonin phenotype: Chlorpyrifos, diazinon, dieldrin and divalent nickel. 
  • Developmental neurotoxicity elicited by gestational exposure to chlorpyrifos: when is adenylyl cyclase a target? 
  • Developmental neurotoxicity elicited by prenatal or postnatal chlorpyrifos exposure: effects on neurospecific proteins indicate changing vulnerabilities. 
  • Developmental neurotoxicity of chlorpyrifos in vivo and in vitro: effects on nuclear transcription factors involved in cell replication and differentiation. 
  • Developmental neurotoxicity of chlorpyrifos modeled in vitro: comparative effects of metabolites and other cholinesterase inhibitors on DNA synthesis in PC12 and C6 cells. 
  • Developmental neurotoxicity of chlorpyrifos: cellular mechanisms. 
  • Developmental neurotoxicity of chlorpyrifos: delayed targeting of DNA synthesis after repeated administration. 
  • Developmental neurotoxicity of chlorpyrifos: what is the vulnerable period? 
  • Developmental neurotoxicity of low dose diazinon exposure of neonatal rats: effects on serotonin systems in adolescence and adulthood. 
  • Developmental neurotoxicity of organophosphates targets cell cycle and apoptosis, revealed by transcriptional profiles in vivo and in vitro. 
  • Developmental neurotoxicity of parathion: progressive effects on serotonergic systems in adolescence and adulthood. 
  • Developmental neurotoxicity of perfluorinated chemicals modeled in vitro. 
  • Developmental neurotoxicity resulting from pharmacotherapy of preterm labor, modeled in vitro: Terbutaline and dexamethasone, separately and together. 
  • Developmental neurotoxicity targeting hepatic and cardiac sympathetic innervation: effects of organophosphates are distinct from those of glucocorticoids. 
  • Developmental nicotine exposure and masculinization of the rat preoptic area. 
  • Developmental pattern of DNA and proteins in brain, liver, lung and heart of rats given excess vitamin A postnatally. 
  • Developmental pattern of cystine transport in isolated rat renal tubules. 
  • Developmental pattern of the hepatic DNA, RNA and protein in relation to maternal vitamin A status in rats. 
  • Developmental psychobiology: prenatal, perinatal, and early postnatal aspects of behavioral development. 
  • Developmental regulation of calmodulin, actin, and tubulin RNAs during rat testis differentiation. 
  • Developmental regulation of cytochrome oxidase subunit VIa isoforms in cardiac and skeletal muscle. 
  • Developmental regulation of neural cell adhesion molecule in human prefrontal cortex. 
  • Developmental sensitivity of hippocampal interneurons to ethanol: involvement of the hyperpolarization-activated current, Ih. 
  • Developmental shift from local to central control of norepinephrine release in the cardiac-sympathetic axis: effects of cocaine and related drugs. 
  • Developmental strategies in the analysis of ingestive behavior. 
  • Developmental toxicity of terbutaline: critical periods for sex-selective effects on macromolecules and DNA synthesis in rat brain, heart, and liver. 
  • Developmentally regulated changes in femoral nerve regeneration in the mouse and rat. 
  • Dexamethasone increases adult rat lung surfactant lipids. 
  • Dexamethasone treatment in utero enhances neonatal cholinergic nerve terminal development in rat brain. 
  • Dexamethasone-coated neural probes elicit attenuated inflammatory response and neuronal loss compared to uncoated neural probes. 
  • Dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in immunodeficient rats. 
  • Dextromethorphan and bupropion reduces high level remifentanil self-administration in rats. 
  • Dextromethorphan interactions with histaminergic and serotonergic treatments to reduce nicotine self-administration in rats. 
  • Diabetes-induced bradycardia is an intrinsic metabolic defect reversed by carnitine. 
  • Diabetic cardiomyopathy and carnitine deficiency. 
  • Diabetic cystopathy correlates with a long-term decrease in nerve growth factor levels in the bladder and lumbosacral dorsal root Ganglia. 
  • Diabetic microcirculatory disturbances and pathologic erythropoiesis are provoked by deposition of amyloid-forming amylin in red blood cells and capillaries. 
  • Diabetic urethropathy compounds the effects of diabetic cystopathy. 
  • Diacetyl exposure disrupts iron homeostasis in animals and cells. 
  • Diagnostic exercise: eye lesions in rats. 
  • Diazepam promotes ATP recovery and prevents cytochrome c release in hippocampal slices after in vitro ischemia. 
  • Diazepam, given postischemia, protects selectively vulnerable neurons in the rat hippocampus and striatum. 
  • Dietary branched-chain amino acid restriction alters fuel selection and reduces triglyceride stores in hearts of Zucker fatty rats. 
  • Dietary fat and DMBA mammary carcinogenesis in rats. 
  • Dietary fumonisin B1 induces disruption of sphingolipid metabolism in Sprague-Dawley rats: a new mechanism of nephrotoxicity. 
  • Dietary galactose inhibits GDF-9 mediated follicular development in the rat ovary. 
  • Dietary glycine inhibits angiogenesis during wound healing and tumor growth. 
  • Dietary influences on the hepatic mixed-function oxidase system in the rat after portacaval anastomosis. 
  • Dietary prenatal choline supplementation alters postnatal hippocampal structure and function. 
  • Dietary regulation of catabolic disposal of 4-hydroxynonenal analogs in rat liver. 
  • Dietary regulation of glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) gene expression in rat small intestine. 
  • Dietary regulation of rat intestinal cholecystokinin gene expression. 
  • Dietary vitamins A and E influence retinyl ester composition and content of the retinal pigment epithelium. 
  • Differences between the effect of anisotropic and isotropic laminin and nerve growth factor presenting scaffolds on nerve regeneration across long peripheral nerve gaps. 
  • Differences in Reperfusion-Induced Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress and Cell Death Between Hippocampal CA1 and CA3 Subfields Are Due to the Mitochondrial Thioredoxin System. 
  • Differences in afterdischarge threshold determination methods: implications for experimental designs. 
  • Differences in brain cytochrome responses to carbon monoxide and cyanide in vivo. 
  • Differences in extracellular dopamine concentrations in the nucleus accumbens during response-dependent and response-independent cocaine administration in the rat. 
  • Differences in glycogen, lipids, and enzymes in livers from rats flown on COSMOS 2044. 
  • Differences in intracellular location of pp60src in rat and chicken cells transformed by Rous sarcoma virus. 
  • Differences in leucocyte-endothelium interactions between normal and adenocarcinoma bearing tissues in response to radiation. 
  • Differences in phosphorylation of formylpeptide and C5a chemoattractant receptors correlate with differences in desensitization. 
  • Differences in steroid specificity for rat androgen binding protein and the cytoplasmic receptor. 
  • Differences in the absorption, metabolism and biliary excretion of a diastereomeric pair of alphavbeta3-antagonists in rat: limited role of P-glycoprotein. 
  • Differences in the central anorectic effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 and exendin-4 in rats. 
  • Differences in the long chain (sphingoid) base composition of sphingomyelin from rats bearing Morris hepatoma 7777. 
  • Different dimerization activities of alpha and beta thyroid hormone receptor isoforms. 
  • Different effects of opioid and cannabinoid receptor agonists on C-fiber-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation in dorsal horn neurons in normal and spinal nerve-ligated rats. 
  • Different responses to repeated applications of zingerone in behavioral studies, recordings from intact and cultured TG neurons, and from VR1 receptors. 
  • Differential actions of diazepam and zolpidem in basolateral and central amygdala nuclei. 
  • Differential activation of nitric-oxide synthase isozymes by calmodulin-troponin C chimeras. 
  • Differential adhesion of rat colon carcinoma cells to fibronectin in relation to their tumorigenicity. 
  • Differential and complementary effects of glucose and prolactin on islet DNA synthesis and gene expression. 
  • Differential anxiogenic, aversive, and locomotor effects of THC in adolescent and adult rats. 
  • Differential behavioral functioning in the offspring of rats with high vs. low self-administration of the opioid agonist remifentanil. 
  • Differential cardiac effects of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1 in the rat. A combined in vivo and in vitro evaluation. 
  • Differential cardiac gene expression during cardiopulmonary bypass: ischemia-independent upregulation of proinflammatory genes. 
  • Differential cerebral gene expression during cardiopulmonary bypass in the rat: evidence for apoptosis? 
  • Differential cross-regulation of the human chemokine receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2. Evidence for time-dependent signal generation. 
  • Differential development of cholinergic nerve terminal markers in rat brain regions: implications for nerve terminal density, impulse activity and specific gene expression. 
  • Differential effect of ethanol on NMDA EPSCs in pyramidal cells in the posterior cingulate cortex of juvenile and adult rats. 
  • Differential effect of secondary aqueous humor from rabbit and cat on DNA synthesis of cultured bovine corneal endothelial cells. 
  • Differential effects of anesthetic agents on outcome from near-complete but not incomplete global ischemia in the rat. 
  • Differential effects of captopril and enalapril on tissue renin-angiotensin systems in experimental heart failure. 
  • Differential effects of delta9-THC on learning in adolescent and adult rats. 
  • Differential effects of dietary caloric and protein restriction in the aging rat. 
  • Differential effects of ethanol in adolescent and adult rats. 
  • Differential effects of ethanol on memory in adolescent and adult rats. 
  • Differential effects of ethanol on motor coordination in adolescent and adult rats. 
  • Differential effects of haloperidol and clozapine on motor recovery after sensorimotor cortex injury in rats. 
  • Differential effects of methamphetamine and haloperidol on the control of an internal clock. 
  • Differential effects of modulation of docosahexaenoic acid content during development in specific regions of rat brain. 
  • Differential effects of naltrindole on morphine-induced tolerance and physical dependence in rats. 
  • Differential effects of neonatal handling on early life infection-induced alterations in cognition in adulthood. 
  • Differential effects of non-nicotine tobacco constituent compounds on nicotine self-administration in rats. 
  • Differential effects of overexpressed glucokinase and hexokinase I in isolated islets. Evidence for functional segregation of the high and low Km enzymes. 
  • Differential effects of parenteral nutrition on tumor growth and erythrocyte polyamine levels in the rat. 
  • Differential effects of phenobarbital and pentobarbital on stimulus train-induced bursting in the hippocampal slice. 
  • Differential effects of placental lactogen, growth hormone and prolactin on rat liver ornithine decarboxylase activity in the perinatal period. 
  • Differential effects of the antidepressant mirtazapine on amphetamine- and dizocilpine-induced PPI deficits. 
  • Differential effects of unfolded protein response pathways on axon injury-induced death of retinal ganglion cells. 
  • Differential effects of various fish proteins in altering body weight, adiposity, inflammatory status, and insulin sensitivity in high-fat-fed rats. 
  • Differential effects of vitamin d receptor agonists on gene expression in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. 
  • Differential efficacies of the nicotinic α4β2 desensitizing agents in reducing nicotine self-administration in female rats. 
  • Differential expression and regulation of the glucokinase gene in liver and islets of Langerhans. 
  • Differential expression of CD43 (leukosialin, sialophorin) by mononuclear phagocyte populations. 
  • Differential expression of GABA and glutamate-receptor subunits and enzymes involved in GABA metabolism between electrophysiologically identified hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells and interneurons. 
  • Differential expression of S1 and elongation factor-1 alpha during rat development. 
  • Differential expression of arginase and iNOS in the lung in sepsis. 
  • Differential expression of gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors in immortalized luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone neurons. 
  • Differential expression of gamma-aminobutyric acidA receptor subunits. 
  • Differential expression of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins enhances cAMP synthesis in regenerating rat liver. 
  • Differential expression of hippocampal connexins after acute hypoxia in the developing brain. 
  • Differential expression of immediate early genes in the hippocampus in the kindling model of epilepsy. 
  • Differential expression of the B'beta regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 2A modulates tyrosine hydroxylase phosphorylation and catecholamine synthesis. 
  • Differential expression of thyroid hormone receptor isoforms in neurons and astroglial cells. 
  • Differential expression of two isoforms of the neurokinin-1 (substance P) receptor in vivo. 
  • Differential gene expression of interleukin-1 receptor associated kinase-1 and interleukin-1 receptor associated kinase-M in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of young and aged rats following preconditioning with endotoxin. 
  • Differential induction of colitis and gastritis in HLA-B27 transgenic rats selectively colonized with Bacteroides vulgatus or Escherichia coli. 
  • Differential interaction of the methoxychlor metabolite 2,2-bis-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-1,1,1-trichloroethane with estrogen receptors alpha and beta. 
  • Differential isoform-specific regulation of calcium-independent protein kinase C in rat cerebral cortex. 
  • Differential localization of ErbB receptor ensembles influences their signaling in hippocampal neurons. 
  • Differential localization of allograft nitric oxide synthesis: comparison of liver and heart transplantation in the rat model. 
  • Differential localization of cholecystokinin-8 binding sites in the rat vs. the guinea pig brain. 
  • Differential metabolic and electrical activity in the somatic sensory cortex of juvenile and adult rats. 
  • Differential metabolic effects of adenovirus-mediated glucokinase and hexokinase I overexpression in rat primary hepatocytes. 
  • Differential modulation of gene induction by glucocorticoids and antiglucocorticoids in rat hepatoma tissue culture cells. 
  • Differential ontogeny of opioid, dopaminergic and serotonergic regulation of prolactin secretion. 
  • Differential regulation of c-jun and CREB by acrolein and 4-hydroxynonenal. 
  • Differential regulation of dopamine D1A receptor responsiveness by various G protein-coupled receptor kinases. 
  • Differential regulation of hepatocyte DNA synthesis by cAMP in vitro in vivo. 
  • Differential renal distribution of NHERF isoforms and their colocalization with NHE3, ezrin, and ROMK. 
  • Differential retention of rhodamine 123 by avian sarcoma virus-induced glioma and normal brain tissue of the rat in vivo. 
  • Differential secretion of proLHRH fragments in response to [K+], prostaglandin E2 and C kinase activation. 
  • Differential sensitivity of GABA A receptor-mediated IPSCs to cannabinoids in hippocampal slices from adolescent and adult rats. 
  • Differential sensitivity of NMDA receptor-mediated synaptic potentials to ethanol in immature versus mature hippocampus. 
  • Differential sensitivity of hippocampal interneurons to ethanol in adolescent and adult rats. 
  • Differential sensitivity to dexamethasone suppression in an animal model of the DST. 
  • Differential susceptibility of fish and rat liver cells to oxidative stress and cytotoxicity upon exposure to prooxidants 
  • Differential time-course profiles of dopamine release and uptake changes induced by three dopamine uptake inhibitors. 
  • Differential vulnerabilities of urethral afferents in diabetes and discovery of a novel urethra-to-urethra reflex. 
  • Differential wiring of local excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs to islet cells in rat spinal lamina II demonstrated by laser scanning photostimulation. 
  • Differentiation and morphogenesis in pellet cultures of developing rat retinal cells. 
  • Differing mechanisms for glutamate receptor aggregation on dendritic spines and shafts in cultured hippocampal neurons. 
  • Diffuse white matter loss in a transgenic rat model of cerebral amyloid angiopathy. 
  • Diffusion tensor imaging reveals white matter injury in a rat model of repetitive blast-induced traumatic brain injury. 
  • Diffusion tensor magnetic resonance histology reveals microstructural changes in the developing rat brain. 
  • Diffusion tractography of the rat knee at microscopic resolution. 
  • Diffusion-weighted MR microscopy with fast spin-echo. 
  • Diffusion/microcirculation MRI in the rat brain. 
  • Difluoroethylamines as an amide isostere in inhibitors of cathepsin K. 
  • Dihydrofolate reductase in primary brain tumors, cell cultures of central nervous system origin, and normal brain during fetal and neonatal growth. 
  • Diltiazem preserves direct vasodilator response but fails to suppress intimal proliferation in rat allograft coronary artery disease. 
  • Diminished acyl-CoA synthetase isoform 4 activity in INS 832/13 cells reduces cellular epoxyeicosatrienoic acid levels and results in impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. 
  • Diminished leukocyte-endothelium interaction in tumor microvessels. 
  • Direct In Vivo Manipulation and Imaging of Calcium Transients in Neutrophils Identify a Critical Role for Leading-Edge Calcium Flux. 
  • Direct MHC class I complementary DNA transfer to thymus induces donor-specific unresponsiveness, which involves multiple immunologic mechanisms. 
  • Direct antidiabetic effect of leptin through triglyceride depletion of tissues. 
  • Direct demonstration of instabilities in oxygen concentrations within the extravascular compartment of an experimental tumor. 
  • Direct effects of CO on cerebral energy metabolism in bloodless rats. 
  • Direct evidence that Gi-coupled receptor stimulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase is mediated by G beta gamma activation of p21ras. 
  • Direct identification and characterisation of beta-adrenergic receptors in rat brain. 
  • Direct measurement of fast axonal organelle transport in the sciatic nerve of rats treated with acrylamide. 
  • Direct reprogramming of human fibroblasts into dopaminergic neuron-like cells. 
  • Direct sequencing of the activation peptide and the catalytic domain of the factor IX gene in six species. 
  • Disappearance of body fat in normal rats induced by adenovirus-mediated leptin gene therapy. 
  • Discordant extracellular superoxide dismutase expression and activity in neonatal hyperoxic lung. 
  • Discovery of 4,6-bis-anilino-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines: potent inhibitors of the IGF-1R receptor tyrosine kinase. 
  • Discovery of LSZ102, a Potent, Orally Bioavailable Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader (SERD) for the Treatment of Estrogen Receptor Positive Breast Cancer. 
  • Discovery of Lipidome Alterations Following Traumatic Brain Injury via High-Resolution Metabolomics. 
  • Discovery of [(3-bromo-7-cyano-2-naphthyl)(difluoro)methyl]phosphonic acid, a potent and orally active small molecule PTP1B inhibitor. 
  • Discovery of structurally diverse natural product antagonists of chemokine receptor CXCR3. 
  • Discovery of substituted 4-(pyrazol-4-yl)-phenylbenzodioxane-2-carboxamides as potent and highly selective Rho kinase (ROCK-II) inhibitors. 
  • Discovery of β-Arrestin Biased, Orally Bioavailable, and CNS Penetrant Neurotensin Receptor 1 (NTR1) Allosteric Modulators. 
  • Discrete and complementary mechanisms of protection of beta-cells against cytokine-induced and oxidative damage achieved by bcl-2 overexpression and a cytokine selection strategy. 
  • Discrimination of post- and presynaptic GABAB receptor-mediated responses by tetrahydroaminoacridine in area CA3 of the rat hippocampus. 
  • Disinhibition in rat superior colliculus mediated by GABAc receptors. 
  • Disparate developmental neurotoxicants converge on the cyclic AMP signaling cascade, revealed by transcriptional profiles in vitro and in vivo. 
  • Disproportionate relationship between APOBEC-1 expression and apolipoprotein B mRNA editing activity. 
  • Disrupted spermine homeostasis: a novel mechanism in polyglutamine-mediated aggregation and cell death. 
  • Disruption of a nonribosomal peptide synthetase in Aspergillus fumigatus eliminates gliotoxin production. 
  • Disruption of learned and spontaneous alternation in the rat by trimethyltin: chronic effects. 
  • Disruption of mRNA-RNP formation and sorting to dendritic synapses by antisense oligodeoxynucleotides. 
  • Disruption of rat forebrain development by glucocorticoids: critical perinatal periods for effects on neural cell acquisition and on cell signaling cascades mediating noradrenergic and cholinergic neurotransmitter/neurotrophic responses. 
  • Disruption of the blood-brain barrier and neuronal cell death in cingulate cortex, dentate gyrus, thalamus, and hypothalamus in a rat model of Gulf-War syndrome. 
  • Dissection of the molecular mechanism of action of GW5638, a novel estrogen receptor ligand, provides insights into the role of estrogen receptor in bone. 
  • Dissociable roles for the basolateral amygdala and orbitofrontal cortex in decision-making under risk of punishment. 
  • Dissociation of nitric oxide from soluble guanylate cyclase and heme-nitric oxide/oxygen binding domain constructs. 
  • Distance of cecum ligated influences mortality, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 expression following cecal ligation and puncture in the rat. 
  • Distinct and histone-specific modifications mediate positive versus negative transcriptional regulation of TSHalpha promoter. 
  • Distinct neural ensembles in the rat gustatory cortex encode salt and water tastes. 
  • Distinct roles of matrix metalloproteases in the early- and late-phase development of neuropathic pain. 
  • Distinct timing in the activity of cannabinoid-sensitive and cannabinoid-insensitive basket cells. 
  • Distinction between differentiation, cell cycle, and apoptosis signals in PC12 cells by the nerve growth factor mutant delta9/13, which is selective for the p75 neurotrophin receptor. 
  • Distinctive gene transduction efficiencies of commonly used viral vectors in the retina. 
  • Distinctive regulatory and metabolic properties of glycogen-targeting subunits of protein phosphatase-1 (PTG, GL, GM/RGl) expressed in hepatocytes. 
  • Distinguishing effects on tumor multiplicity and growth rate in chemoprevention experiments. 
  • Distribution and function of cardiac angiotensin AT1- and AT2-receptor subtypes in hypertrophied rat hearts. 
  • Distribution and function of the hydrogen sulfide-sensitive TRPA1 ion channel in rat urinary bladder. 
  • Distribution and functional significance of cardiac angiotensin converting enzyme in hypertrophied rat hearts. 
  • Distribution and localization of a novel cholecystokinin-releasing factor in the rat gastrointestinal tract. 
  • Distribution and mechanism of uptake of 111InCl3 in a tumor model for lymph node metastases. 
  • Distribution of GABAA receptors in the limbic system of alcohol-preferring and non-preferring rats: in situ hybridisation histochemistry and receptor autoradiography. 
  • Distribution of alpha 2-adrenergic receptor subtype gene expression in rat brain. 
  • Distribution of bronchoconstrictor responses in isolated-perfused rat lung. 
  • Distribution of glucagon-like peptide-1 immunoreactivity in the hypothalamic paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei. 
  • Distribution of immunoreactive androgen-binding protein/sex hormone-binding globulin in tissues of the fetal rat. 
  • Distribution of opioid peptide gene expression in the limbic system of Fawn-Hooded (alcohol-preferring) and Wistar-Kyoto (alcohol-non-preferring) rats. 
  • Distribution of proteasomes and of the five proteolytic activities in rat tissues. 
  • Distribution of the tight junction proteins ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-4, -8, and -12 in bladder epithelium. 
  • Distribution of vitamin A in various organs of rats in relation to the quality and the quantity of dietary proteins. 
  • Divalent metal transporter-1 decreases metal-related injury in the lung. 
  • Divergent effects of forskolin on 3',5' cyclic adenosine monophosphate production and parathyroid hormone secretion. 
  • Diverse neurotoxicants converge on gene expression for neuropeptides and their receptors in an in vitro model of neurodifferentiation: effects of chlorpyrifos, diazinon, dieldrin and divalent nickel in PC12 cells. 
  • Diverse neurotoxicants target the differentiation of embryonic neural stem cells into neuronal and glial phenotypes. 
  • Division of labour between Myc and G1 cyclins in cell cycle commitment and pace control. 
  • Do catecholamines contribute to the effects of neonatal hypoxia on development of brain and heart? Influence of concurrent alpha-adrenergic blockade on ornithine decarboxylase activity. 
  • Do glucocorticoids contribute to the abnormalities in serotonin transporter expression and function seen in depression? An animal model. 
  • Do humoral factors mediate cancer chemotherapy-induced emesis? 
  • Do sympathetic neurons coordinate cellular development in the heart and kidney? Effects of neonatal central and peripheral catecholaminergic lesions on cardiac and renal nucleic acids and proteins. 
  • Does concurrent or prior nicotine exposure interact with neonatal hypoxia to produce cardiac cell damage? 
  • Does dopamine contribute to striatal damage caused by impaired mitochondrial function? 
  • Does early-life exposure to organophosphate insecticides lead to prediabetes and obesity? 
  • Does ghrelin explain accelerated gastric emptying in the early stages of diabetes mellitus? 
  • Does mechanism matter? Unrelated neurotoxicants converge on cell cycle and apoptosis during neurodifferentiation. 
  • Does oral experience terminate ingestion? 
  • Does pharmacotherapy for preterm labor sensitize the developing brain to environmental neurotoxicants? Cellular and synaptic effects of sequential exposure to terbutaline and chlorpyrifos in neonatal rats. 
  • Does prenatal nicotine exposure sensitize the brain to nicotine-induced neurotoxicity in adolescence? 
  • Does terbutaline damage the developing heart? 
  • Does the developmental neurotoxicity of chlorpyrifos involve glial targets? Macromolecule synthesis, adenylyl cyclase signaling, nuclear transcription factors, and formation of reactive oxygen in C6 glioma cells. 
  • Does thyroid disruption contribute to the developmental neurotoxicity of chlorpyrifos? 
  • Domain 3 of hepatitis C virus core protein is sufficient for intracellular lipid accumulation. 
  • Domains of the parathyroid hormone (PTH) receptor required for regulation by G protein-coupled receptor kinases (GRKs). 
  • Dominant-negative mutants of Grb2 induced reversal of the transformed phenotypes caused by the point mutation-activated rat HER-2/Neu. 
  • Donepezil Reverses Dendritic Spine Morphology Adaptations and Fmr1 Epigenetic Modifications in Hippocampus of Adult Rats After Adolescent Alcohol Exposure. 
  • Dopamine D1 receptors and phosphorylation of dopamine- and cyclic AMP-regulated phosphoprotein-32 in the medial preoptic area are involved in experience-induced enhancement of male sexual behavior in rats. 
  • Dopamine attenuates evoked inhibitory synaptic currents in central amygdala neurons. 
  • Dopamine efflux during withdrawal from continuous or intermittent cocaine. 
  • Dopamine release and uptake are greater in female than male rat striatum as measured by fast cyclic voltammetry. 
  • Dopamine uptake inhibitors but not dopamine releasers induce greater increases in motor behavior and extracellular dopamine in adolescent rats than in adult male rats. 
  • Dopamine-sensitive adenylate cyclase: antagonism by impiramine and its analogues. 
  • Dopaminergic behaviors and signal transduction mediated through adenylate cyclase and phospholipase C pathways. 
  • Dopaminergic drugs reverse the impairment of radial-arm maze performance caused by lesions involving the cholinergic medial pathway. 
  • Dopaminergic modulation of reward discounting in healthy rats: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 
  • Dopaminergic neurodegeneration induced by Parkinson's disease-linked G2019S LRRK2 is dependent on kinase and GTPase activity. 
  • Dopaminergic receptors in the anterior pituitary gland. Correlation of [3H]dihydroergocryptine binding with the dopaminergic control of prolactin release. 
  • Dorsal hippocampal alpha7 and alpha4beta2 nicotinic receptors and memory. 
  • Dorsomedial/Perifornical hypothalamic stimulation increases intraocular pressure, intracranial pressure, and the translaminar pressure gradient. 
  • Dose response of angiogenesis to basic fibroblast growth factor in rat corneal pocket assay: I. Experimental characterizations. 
  • Dose response of angiogenesis to basic fibroblast growth factor in rat corneal pocket assay: II. Numerical simulations. 
  • Dose-dependent effect of prenatal dexamethasone treatment on beta-adrenergic receptor coupling to ornithine decarboxylase and cyclic AMP. 
  • Dose-dependent glucocorticoid effects on noradrenergic synaptogenesis in rat brain: ontogeny of [3H]desmethylimipramine binding sites after fetal exposure to dexamethasone. 
  • Dose-dependent metabolism of fluoromethyl-2,2-difluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)vinyl ether (compound A), an anesthetic degradation product, to mercapturic acids and 3,3,3-trifluoro-2-(fluoromethoxy)propanoic acid in rats. 
  • Dose-dependent number of implants and implications in developmental toxicity. 
  • Dose-response characteristics of neonatal exposure to genistein on pituitary responsiveness to gonadotropin releasing hormone and volume of the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area (SDN-POA) in postpubertal castrated female rats. 
  • Dose-sensitive excitation and inhibition of spontaneous amygdala activity by propranolol. 
  • Double-labeling of saphenous nerve neuron pools: a model for determining the accuracy of axon regeneration at the single neuron level. 
  • Down-regulation of cathepsin B expression impairs the invasive and tumorigenic potential of human glioblastoma cells. 
  • Down-regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor type I, II, and III during liver regeneration. 
  • Downregulation of carnitine acyl-carnitine translocase by miRNAs 132 and 212 amplifies glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. 
  • Doxycycline alters collagen composition following ventral hernia repair. 
  • Doxycycline shows dose-dependent changes in hernia repair strength after mesh repair. 
  • Drug-induced reductions in ethanol intake in alcohol preferring and Fawn-Hooded rats. 
  • Drug-resistant effect of adenine nucleotides and magnesium on catecholamine efflux from isolated adrenal medullary storage vesicles. 
  • Drugs derived from cannabinoids. 2. Basic esters of nitrogen and carbocyclic analogs. 
  • Drugs derived from cannabinoids. 4. Effect of alkyl substitution in sulfur and carbocyclic analogs. 
  • Dual contribution of TRPV4 antagonism in the regulatory effect of vasoinhibins on blood-retinal barrier permeability: diabetic milieu makes a difference. 
  • Dual control of DNA synthesis by alpha- and beta-adrenergic mechanisms in normoxic and hypoxic neonatal rat brain. 
  • Dual role of the exocyst in AMPA receptor targeting and insertion into the postsynaptic membrane. 
  • Dual-axis optical coherence tomography for deep tissue imaging. 
  • Dual-energy micro-CT of the rodent lung. 
  • Dual-interference-channel quantitative-phase microscopy of live cell dynamics. 
  • Duodenal cytochrome b: a novel ferrireductase in airway epithelial cells. 
  • Duodenal-jejunal exclusion improves glucose tolerance in the diabetic, Goto-Kakizaki rat by a GLP-1 receptor-mediated mechanism. 
  • Dye-coupling in three-dimensional histoculture of rat lingual frenulum. 
  • Dynamic and distributed properties of many-neuron ensembles in the ventral posterior medial thalamus of awake rats. 
  • Dynamic and multimodal responses of gustatory cortical neurons in awake rats. 
  • Dynamic and redundant regulation of LRRK2 and LRRK1 expression. 
  • Dynamic basis for dG•dT misincorporation via tautomerization and ionization. 
  • Dynamic changes in single unit activity and γ oscillations in a thalamocortical circuit during rapid instrumental learning. 
  • Dynamic culture yields engineered myocardium with near-adult functional output. 
  • Dynamic lung morphology of methacholine-induced heterogeneous bronchoconstriction. 
  • Dynamic shifting in thalamocortical processing during different behavioural states. 
  • Dynamics of glutathione and ophthalmate traced with 2H-enriched body water in rats and humans. 
  • Dynamics of the sensory response to urethral flow over multiple time scales in rat. 
  • Dynamin and beta-arrestin reveal distinct mechanisms for G protein-coupled receptor internalization. 
  • Dynorphin A increases substance P release from trigeminal primary afferent C-fibers. 
  • Dysfunction of inflammation-resolving pathways is associated with exaggerated postoperative cognitive decline in a rat model of the metabolic syndrome. 
  • Dysfunctional voiding behavior and impaired muscle contractility in a rat model of detrusor underactivity. 
  • Dysregulation of oxygen hemodynamic responses to synaptic train stimulation in a rat hippocampal model of subarachnoid hemorrhage. 
  • EFFECT OF HYPERVITAMINOSIS A ON RAT PLASMA LIPIDS. 
  • EGFR-Dependent IL8 Production by Airway Epithelial Cells After Exposure to the Food Flavoring Chemical 2,3-Butanedione. 
  • ELECTROPHORETIC SEPARATION OF HYDROLYTIC ENZYMES OF THE FEMALE RAT REPRODUCTIVE TRACT. 
  • EP24.15 interacts with the angiotensin II type I receptor and bradykinin B2 receptor. 
  • ER stress modulates cellular metabolism. 
  • ERK MAP kinase activation in superficial spinal cord neurons induces prodynorphin and NK-1 upregulation and contributes to persistent inflammatory pain hypersensitivity. 
  • ERK is sequentially activated in neurons, microglia, and astrocytes by spinal nerve ligation and contributes to mechanical allodynia in this neuropathic pain model. 
  • Early adaptive chromatin remodeling events precede pathologic phenotypes and are reinforced in the failing heart. 
  • Early and late administration of MnTE-2-PyP5+ in mitigation and treatment of radiation-induced lung damage. 
  • Early beneficial effects of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing Akt on cardiac metabolism after myocardial infarction. 
  • Early biochemical detection of adverse effects of a neurobehavioral teratogen: influence of prenatal methylmercury exposure on ornithine decarboxylase in brain and other tissues of fetal and neonatal rat. 
  • Early biochemical detection of delayed neurotoxicity resulting from developmental exposure to chloropyrifos. 
  • Early changes of lung function and structure in an elastase model of emphysema—a hyperpolarized³ He MRI study 
  • Early developmental exposure to methylphenidate reduces cocaine-induced potentiation of brain stimulation reward in rats. 
  • Early estrogen action: concomitant stimulations within two minutes of nuclear RNA synthesis and uptake of RNA precursor by the uterus. 
  • Early estrogen action: nuclear synthesis and accumulation of protein correlated with enhancement of two DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activities. 
  • Early ethanol consumption predicts relapse-like behavior in adolescent male rats. 
  • Early gene changes in myocardial ischemia. 
  • Early life exposure to low-dose perfluorooctane sulfonate disturbs gut barrier homeostasis and increases the risk of intestinal inflammation in offspring. 
  • Early onset of spontaneous renal preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions in young conventional rats in toxicity studies. 
  • Early ontogeny of kappa-opioid receptor regulation of prolactin secretion in the rat. 
  • Early postnatal parathion exposure in rats causes sex-selective cognitive impairment and neurotransmitter defects which emerge in aging. 
  • Early propranolol treatment induces lung heme-oxygenase-1, attenuates metabolic dysfunction, and improves survival following experimental sepsis. 
  • Early versus late repair of rotator cuff tears in rats. 
  • Early wound healing exhibits cytokine surge without evidence of hypoxia. 
  • Early-life experience decreases drug-induced reinstatement of morphine CPP in adulthood via microglial-specific epigenetic programming of anti-inflammatory IL-10 expression. 
  • Early-life infection is a vulnerability factor for aging-related glial alterations and cognitive decline. 
  • Early-life infection leads to altered BDNF and IL-1beta mRNA expression in rat hippocampus following learning in adulthood. 
  • Early-onset repeated dieting reduces food intake and body weight but not adiposity in dietary-obese female rats. 
  • Echocardiographic assessment of cardiac morphology and function in mutant dwarf rats. 
  • Ectopic beta-adrenergic receptor binding sites. possible molecular basis of aberrant catecholamine responsiveness of an adrenocortical tumor adenylate cyclase. 
  • Ectopic synaptogenesis during retinal degeneration in the royal college of surgeons rat. 
  • Editor's Highlight: Transplacental and Lactational Transfer of Firemaster® 550 Components in Dosed Wistar Rats. 
  • Effect of 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine on serotonergic control of prolactin secretion and behavior in rats. 
  • Effect of 5-hydroxytryptamine on tissue blood flow and microwave heating of rat tumors. 
  • Effect of 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol on immobilization-induced changes in rat adrenal medullary enzymes. 
  • Effect of Aging on Adipose Tissue Inflammation in the Knee Joints of F344BN Rats. 
  • Effect of B-15,000 (Iopamidol), a new nonionic contrast agent, on cardiac function of the isolated rat heart. 
  • Effect of FSH on protein biosynthesis in testes of the immature rat. 
  • Effect of R3487/MEM3454, a novel nicotinic alpha7 receptor partial agonist and 5-HT3 antagonist on sustained attention in rats. 
  • Effect of a NOS inhibitor, L-NMMA, on the contractile function of reperfused skeletal muscle. 
  • Effect of a dominant negative ras on myocardial hypertrophy by using adenoviral-mediated gene transfer. 
  • Effect of a nitric oxide donor on microcirculation of acutely denervated skeletal muscle during reperfusion. 
  • Effect of acidosis on glutamine transport by isolated rat renal brush-border and basolateral-membrane vesicles. 
  • Effect of adenoviral-mediated transfer of transforming growth factor-beta1 on colonic anastomotic healing. 
  • Effect of administration of high dose intrathecal clonidine or morphine prior to sciatic nerve section on c-Fos expression in rat lumbar spinal cord. 
  • Effect of age of initiation of feed restriction on growth, body composition, and longevity of rats. 
  • Effect of an intrauterine contraceptive device on uterine motility in the rat. 
  • Effect of antibiotics on the in vitro incorporation of acetate-14C into intestinal lipids. 
  • Effect of apolipoproteins on the induction of hepatic steatosis in rats. 
  • Effect of apoproteins on hepatic uptake of triglyceride emulsions in the rat. 
  • Effect of atrial natriuretic factor on brush border membrane transport of phosphate in phosphate-deprived rats. 
  • Effect of blood pressure on A2 noradrenergic neurons. 
  • Effect of chronic methadone administration on neuroendocrine function in developing rats. 
  • Effect of chronic methadone administration on neuroendocrine function in young adult rats. 
  • Effect of combined anticoagulation using heparin and bivalirudin on the hemostatic and inflammatory responses to cardiopulmonary bypass in the rat. 
  • Effect of continuous infusion of asialoerythropoietin on short-term changes in infarct volume, penumbra apoptosis and behaviour following middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats. 
  • Effect of cyclooxygenase inhibitors and protease inhibitors on phorbol-induced stimulation of oxygen consumption and superoxide production by rat pulmonary macrophages. 
  • Effect of cyclosporine on bile secretion in rats. 
  • Effect of cystamine on liver lipids. 
  • Effect of cystine dimethylester on renal solute handling and isolated renal tubule transport in the rat: a new model of the Fanconi syndrome. 
  • Effect of cystine loading and cystine dimethylester on renal brushborder membrane transport. 
  • Effect of cystine loading on substrate oxidation by rat renal tubules. 
  • Effect of daily dosing duration of direct and indirect dopamine receptor agonists: cocaine cross-tolerance following chronic regimens. 
  • Effect of denervation on endothelium-derived relaxing factor-dependent relaxation in the rat cremaster muscle. 
  • Effect of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate on DNA repair and lipid peroxidation in rat hepatocytes and on metabolic cooperation in Chinese hamster V-79 cells. 
  • Effect of dietary fish oil supplementation on eicosanoid production by rat renal allografts. 
  • Effect of dietary protein manipulation on translocation of protein kinase C activity in various tissues of rats. 
  • Effect of difluoromethylornithine on host and tumor polyamine metabolism during total parenteral nutrition. 
  • Effect of endosulfan on liver vitamin A in rats. 
  • Effect of erionite on the pleural mesothelium of the Fischer 344 rat. 
  • Effect of ethanol on polyamine synthesis during liver regeneration in rats. 
  • Effect of ethanol on tumor necrosis factor signaling during liver regeneration. 
  • Effect of ether stress on growth hormone during development in the neonatal rat. 
  • Effect of feeding plant proteins on plasma, liver, heart, aorta and brain lipids of rats. 
  • Effect of fibrous glass on rat pleural mesothelium. Histopathologic observations. 
  • Effect of fluorocarbon-for-blood exchange on regional cerebral blood flow in rats. 
  • Effect of gamma irradiation and cystamine on kidney lipids of rats. 
  • Effect of gamma irradiation on fatty acid oxidation in rat liver slices. 
  • Effect of gastric fluid aspiration on the lung microbiota of laboratory rats. 
  • Effect of glutamine-supplemented intravenous nutrition on survival after Escherichia coli-induced peritonitis. 
  • Effect of glutamine-supplemented total parenteral nutrition on recovery of the small intestine after starvation atrophy. 
  • Effect of growth conditions on the activity of ornithine decarboxylase in cultured hepatoma cells. I. Effect of amino acid supply. 
  • Effect of growth conditions on the activity of ornithine decarboxylase in cultured hepatoma cells. II. Effect of serum and insulin. 
  • Effect of growth conditions on the ornithine decarboxylase activity of rat hepatoma cells. 
  • Effect of growth factors on substance P mRNA expression in axotomized dorsal root ganglia. 
  • Effect of halothane in cortical cell cultures exposed to N-methyl-D-aspartate. 
  • Effect of heparin on vitamin A induced hyperlipidemia in rats. 
  • Effect of hippocampal lesions produced by intracerebroventricular kainic acid on alcohol drinking in the rat. 
  • Effect of hypervitaminosis A on intestinal lipids of rats. 
  • Effect of hypophysectomy on somatostatin-14 and somatostatin-28 biosynthesis in the rat hypothalamus. 
  • Effect of increased compartment pressure on the microcirculation of skeletal muscle. 
  • Effect of inhalation of coal fly ash on vitamin A distribution in organs of the rat. 
  • Effect of inhibitors of arachidonic acid metabolism on corneal neovascularization in the rat. 
  • Effect of inhibitors of arachidonic acid metabolism on corneal reepithelialization in the rat. 
  • Effect of interferon on murine leukemia virus infection. II. Synthesis of viral components in exogenous infection. 
  • Effect of interposed periosteum in an animal physeal fracture model. 
  • Effect of intracerebral norepinephrine depletion on outcome from severe forebrain ischemia in the rat. 
  • Effect of intratracheal administration of DDT and endosulfan on cytochrome P-450 and glutathione-s-transferase in lung and liver of rats. 
  • Effect of intratracheally administered DDT and endosulfan on pulmonary and hepatic respiratory cytochromes. 
  • Effect of intravenous alpha-difluoromethylornithine on the polyamine levels of normal tissue and a transplantable fibrosarcoma. 
  • Effect of intravesical nitric oxide therapy on cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis. 
  • Effect of irrigation fluids on arterial and venous endothelium after ischemia. 
  • Effect of ischemic preconditioning and PKC activation on acidification during ischemia in rat heart. 
  • Effect of kainic acid-induced status epilepticus on inositol-trisphosphate and seizure-induced brain damage in mature and immature animals. 
  • Effect of kindling on potassium-induced electrographic seizures in vitro. 
  • Effect of levodopa priming on dopamine neuron transplant efficacy and induction of abnormal involuntary movements in parkinsonian rats. 
  • Effect of lidocaine on endothelin-1-mediated airway smooth muscle contraction in the rat trachea. 
  • Effect of lipophilicity of Mn (III) ortho N-alkylpyridyl- and diortho N, N'-diethylimidazolylporphyrins in two in-vitro models of oxygen and glucose deprivation-induced neuronal death. 
  • Effect of longitudinal oxygen gradients on effectiveness of manipulation of tumor oxygenation. 
  • Effect of lysine and threonine deficient and supplement rice diets on lipids of hepatic smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum of rats. 
  • Effect of maternal ethanol ingestion on neonatal rat brain and heart ornithine decarboxylase. 
  • Effect of metabotropic glutamate 5 receptor antagonists on morphine efficacy and tolerance in rats with neuropathic pain. 
  • Effect of methylprednisolone on radiotherapy of F344 rats with avian sarcoma virus induced gliomas. 
  • Effect of mild hyperglycemia +/- meta-iodo-benzylguanidine on the radiation response of R3230 Ac tumors. 
  • Effect of modulating macrophage phenotype on peripheral nerve repair 
  • Effect of neonatal diethylstilbestrol exposure on luteinizing hormone secretion following ketamine anesthesia and gonadotropin-releasing hormone in castrated postpubertal rats. 
  • Effect of neonatal diethylstilbestrol exposure on volume of the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area of the hypothalamus and pituitary responsiveness to gonadotropin-releasing hormone in female rats of known anogenital distance at birth. 
  • Effect of ovarian hormones and estrous cycle on stimulation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis by cocaine. 
  • Effect of p38 MAP kinases on contractility and ischemic injury in intact heart. 
  • Effect of perillic acid, a putative isoprenylation inhibitor, on the cultured rat lens. 
  • Effect of photoperiod reversal on twenty-four hour patterns for GABA levels in rat brain. 
  • Effect of photoperiod reversal on twenty-four hour patterns for dopamine levels in the corpus striatum and upper and lower brainstem of the rat. 
  • Effect of potent redox-modulating manganese porphyrin, MnTM-2-PyP, on the Na(+)/H(+) exchangers NHE-1 and NHE-3 in the diabetic rat. 
  • Effect of pregabalin on cerebral outcome after cardiopulmonary bypass with deep hypothermic circulatory arrest in rats. 
  • Effect of protein depletion on serum factors for lymphocyte transformation. 
  • Effect of protein kinase C inhibitors and activators on corneal re-epithelialization in the rat. 
  • Effect of proximal transposition of the ileum on mucosal growth and enzyme activity in orally nourished rats. 
  • Effect of reduced inspired oxygen on fetal growth and maternal glucose metabolism in rat pregnancy. 
  • Effect of removal of pancreaticobiliary secretions on adaptation to short bowel in orally nourished rats. 
  • Effect of renin-angiotensin system blockade on the expression of the angiotensinogen gene and induction of hypertrophy in rat kidney proximal tubular cells. 
  • Effect of retinol and retinoic acid on liver lipids of rats fed different levels of protein. 
  • Effect of retinol on the molecular species of hepatic phosphatidyl choline in young rats. 
  • Effect of scaffold microarchitecture on osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells. 
  • Effect of serum source on protein-free diet lymphocyte blastogenesis. 
  • Effect of sex on ethanol consumption and conditioned taste aversion in adolescent and adult rats. 
  • Effect of simulated hypoxia (7620 m, 6 h) on hepatic microsomal drug metabolising enzymes activity in rats given ethanol and vitamin A. 
  • Effect of soluble complement receptor type 1 on natural antibody levels during xenograft rejection. 
  • Effect of soluble complement receptor-1 on neutrophil accumulation after traumatic brain injury in rats. 
  • Effect of somatostatin-28 on dynamics of insulin secretion in perfused rat pancreas. 
  • Effect of spermine on membranolytic effect of vitamin A in rats. 
  • Effect of temperature on kainic acid-induced seizures. 
  • Effect of the isoflavone genistein against galactose-induced cataracts in rats. 
  • Effect of thyroxin on the transport and metabolic functions of the small intestine in albino rats. 
  • Effect of transient hypoxia on oxygenation of the developing rat brain: relationships among haemoglobin saturation, autoregulation of blood flow and mitochondrial redox state. 
  • Effect of uniaxial, cyclic stretch on the morphology of monocytes/macrophages in culture. 
  • Effect of verapamil on submissive behavior in genetically bred hypercholinergic rats in a water competition test. 
  • Effect of vertical sleeve gastrectomy in melanocortin receptor 4-deficient rats. 
  • Effect of vertical sleeve gastrectomy on food selection and satiation in rats. 
  • Effect of vinblastine on neurohypophysial and adenohypophysial microtubules. 
  • Effect of vinblastine on rat liver ultrastructure. 
  • Effect of vinblastine on the fine structure of the rat adrenal cortex. 
  • Effect of vitamin A on hepatic microsomal drug metabolising enzymes activity in rats exposed to acute hypoxia. 
  • Effect of vitamin A on microtubules of rat brain and liver. 
  • Effect of voluntary wheel running on circadian corticosterone release and on HPA axis responsiveness to restraint stress in Sprague-Dawley rats. 
  • Effect of whole body gamma irradiation on fatty acid composition of liver lipids of female rats and radioprotection by cystamine. 
  • Effect of whole body gamma irradiation on rat plasma phospholipids & the effect of S-beta-aminoethylisothiouronium bromide hydrobromide. 
  • Effect of whole body gamma irradiation on tissue lipids of rats & the effect of S-beta-aminoethylisothiouronium bromide hydrobromide. 
  • Effect os xid on anti-DNA B-cell precursors. 
  • Effective deep brain stimulation suppresses low-frequency network oscillations in the basal ganglia by regularizing neural firing patterns. 
  • Effects of (-)-trans- delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol on serum prolactin in the pseudopregnant rat. 
  • Effects of AZD3480, a neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist, and donepezil on dizocilpine-induced attentional impairment in rats. 
  • Effects of Brn-3a protein and RNA expression in rat brain following low-level lead exposure during development on spatial learning and memory. 
  • Effects of D-penicillamine on neuromuscular transmission in rats. 
  • Effects of Helicobacter infection on research: the case for eradication of Helicobacter from rodent research colonies. 
  • Effects of MK-801 on DNA synthesis in neonatal rat brain regions under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. 
  • Effects of NMDA receptor glycine recognition site antagonism on cerebral metabolic rate for glucose and cerebral blood flow in the conscious rat. 
  • Effects of Prenatal Exposure to a Mixture of Organophosphate Flame Retardants on Placental Gene Expression and Serotonergic Innervation in the Fetal Rat Brain. 
  • Effects of RSR13, a synthetic allosteric modifier of hemoglobin, alone and in combination with dizocilpine, on outcome from transient focal cerebral ischemia in the rat. 
  • Effects of S-nitroso- N-acetylcysteine on contractile function of reperfused skeletal muscle. 
  • Effects of Surface Topography and Chemistry on Polyether-Ether-Ketone (PEEK) and Titanium Osseointegration. 
  • Effects of ZD6169, a K ATP channel opener, on neurally-mediated plasma extravasation in the rat urinary bladder induced by chemical or electrical stimulation of nerves. 
  • Effects of a fixed meal pattern on ghrelin secretion: evidence for a learned response independent of nutrient status. 
  • Effects of a single dose of erythropoietin on subsequent seizure susceptibility in rats exposed to acute hypoxia at P10. 
  • Effects of a synthetic allosteric modifier of hemoglobin oxygen affinity on outcome from global cerebral ischemia in the rat. 
  • Effects of acute normovolemic hemodilution on T2*-weighted images of rat brain. 
  • Effects of acute or chronic ethanol exposure during adolescence on behavioral inhibition and efficiency in a modified water maze task. 
  • Effects of adolescent intermittent ethanol on hippocampal expression of glutamate homeostasis and astrocyte-neuronal tethering proteins in male and female rats. 
  • Effects of adrenal cortical steroids and osmotic blood-brain barrier opening on methotrexate delivery to gliomas in the rodent: the factor of the blood-brain barrier. 
  • Effects of age on kindling and kindled seizure-induced increase of benzodiazepine receptor binding. 
  • Effects of aging and glucocorticoid treatment on monoamine oxidase subtypes in rat cerebral cortex: therapeutic implications. 
  • Effects of alpha 1-adrenergic receptor subtype selective antagonists on lower urinary tract function in rats with bladder outlet obstruction. 
  • Effects of alpha-difluoromethylornithine, a specific irreversible inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase, on nucleic acids and proteins in developing rat brain: critical perinatal periods for regional selectivity. 
  • Effects of alpha-fluoromethylhistidine (FMH), an irreversible inhibitor of histidine decarboxylase, on development of brain histamine and catecholamine systems in the neonatal rat. 
  • Effects of amphetamines and small related molecules on recovery after stroke in animals and man. 
  • Effects of an oral contraceptive combination with or without androgen on mammary tissues: a study in rats. 
  • Effects of arginase isoforms on NO Production by nNOS. 
  • Effects of atrial natriuretic peptide on rat ovarian granulosa cell steroidogenesis in vitro. 
  • Effects of atypical anxiolytic N-phenyl-2-[1-[3-(2-pyridinylethynyl)benzoyl]-4-piperidine]acetamide (JNJ-5234801) on alcohol intake in alcohol-preferring P rats. 
  • Effects of baclofen on synaptically-induced cell firing in the rat hippocampal slice. 
  • Effects of barium-induced cardiac contraction on large- and small-vessel intramyocardial blood volume. 
  • Effects of beta-endorphin on ornithine decarboxylase in tissues of developing rats: a potential role for this endogenous neuropeptide in the modulation of tissue growth. 
  • Effects of bradykinin on the hemodynamics of tumor and granulating normal tissue microvasculature. 
  • Effects of breathing and cardiac motion on spatial resolution in the microscopic imaging of rodents. 
  • Effects of bright light on responsiveness to a muscarinic agonist in rats selectively bred for endogenously increased cholinergic function. 
  • Effects of bupivacaine and tetrodotoxin on carrageenan-induced hind paw inflammation in rats (Part 1): hyperalgesia, edema, and systemic cytokines. 
  • Effects of bupivacaine and tetrodotoxin on carrageenan-induced hind paw inflammation in rats (Part 2): cytokines and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases in dorsal root ganglia and spinal cord. 
  • Effects of bursectomy and rat skin xenografts on natural antibodies in chickens. 
  • Effects of caffeine on alcohol consumption and nicotine self-administration in rats. 
  • Effects of calcium channel inhibitors on the hypothermic response to oxotremorine in normo and hypercholinergic rats. 
  • Effects of candesartan on angiotensin II-induced renal vasoconstriction in rats and mice. 
  • Effects of cell damage and glycosaminoglycan degradation on available extravascular space of different dextrans in a rat fibrosarcoma. 
  • Effects of cholecystokinin on pancreatic ornithine decarboxylase gene expression. 
  • Effects of chronic chlorisondamine administration on the sympatho-adrenal axis. 
  • Effects of chronic ethanol consumption on cytokine regulation of liver regeneration. 
  • Effects of chronic mild stress on serum complement activity, saccharin preference, and corticosterone levels in Flinders lines of rats. 
  • Effects of chronic nicotine administration on the denervated rat adrenal medulla. 
  • Effects of chronic phencyclidine on fixed-ratio responding: no relation to neurotransmitter receptor binding in rat cerebral cortex. 
  • Effects of chronic sazetidine-A, a selective α4β2 neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors desensitizing agent on pharmacologically-induced impaired attention in rats. 
  • Effects of clozapine on memory function in the rat neonatal hippocampal lesion model of schizophrenia. 
  • Effects of cold ischemia on reflow patterns in the rat cremaster muscle microcirculation. 
  • Effects of combined muscarinic and nicotinic blockade on choice accuracy in the radial-arm maze. 
  • Effects of continuous diazepam administration on GABAA subunit mRNA in rat brain. 
  • Effects of continuous-wave, pulsed, and sinusoidal-amplitude-modulated microwaves on brain energy metabolism. 
  • Effects of creatine and cyclocreatine supplementation on kainate induced injury in pre-pubescent rats. 
  • Effects of cyclic adenosine 3': 5'-monophosphate on phosphoprotein kinase and phosphatase fractions prepared from rat liver nuclei. 
  • Effects of daily dermal application of DEET and epermethrin, alone and in combination, on sensorimotor performance, blood-brain barrier, and blood-testis barrier in rats. 
  • Effects of deafferentation on the electrophysiology of ventral cochlear nucleus neurons. 
  • Effects of deep hypothermic circulatory arrest on the blood brain barrier in a cardiopulmonary bypass model--a pilot study. 
  • Effects of delay in administration of potassium cardioplegia to the isolated rat heart. 
  • Effects of dexamethasone on the contractile function of reperfused skeletal muscle. 
  • Effects of dietary N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide on N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine metabolism and esophageal tumorigenesis in the Fischer 344 rat. 
  • Effects of dietary pectin and cellulose on hepatic and intestinal mixed-function oxidations and hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase in the rat. 
  • Effects of dietary soybean estrogens on the reproductive tract in female rats. 
  • Effects of diethylamine/nitric oxide on blood perfusion and oxygenation in the R3230Ac mammary carcinoma. 
  • Effects of diethylstilbestrol on rat granulosa cell and thecal/interstitial cell transforming growth factor-beta 2 mRNA expression in vivo: analysis by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. 
  • Effects of diisopropyl phosphorofluoridate (DFP) on CA3 and CA1 responses in rat hippocampus. 
  • Effects of donor splenocytes treated with mitomycin C on rat hepatic, cardiac, and intestinal allografts. 
  • Effects of dopamine D1 and D2 receptor antagonists on oral activity in rats. 
  • Effects of dopaminergic drugs on working and reference memory in rats. 
  • Effects of dorsal noradrenergic bundle lesions on recovery after sensorimotor cortex injury. 
  • Effects of early postnatal guanethidine administration on adrenal medulla and brain of developing rats. 
  • Effects of electroacupuncture on gastric motility and heart rate variability in conscious rats. 
  • Effects of endurance training on cholinergic and adrenergic receptors of rat heart. 
  • Effects of enoxaparin, standard heparin, and streptokinase on the patency of anastomoses in severely crushed arteries. 
  • Effects of enteral feeding products on survival from Escherichia coli peritonitis. 
  • Effects of environmental tobacco smoke exposure in utero and/or postnatally on brain development. 
  • Effects of ethanol on plasma ghrelin levels in the rat during early and late adolescence. 
  • Effects of ethanol, MK-801, and chlordiazepoxide on locomotor activity in different rat lines: dissociation of locomotor stimulation from ethanol preference. 
  • Effects of ethanol, Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol, or their combination on object recognition memory and object preference in adolescent and adult male rats. 
  • Effects of experimental diabetes on adrenergic and cholinergic receptors of rat myocardium. 
  • Effects of fasting, refeeding, and intraluminal triglyceride on proglucagon expression in jejunum and ileum. 
  • Effects of fetal dexamethasone exposure on postnatal control of cardiac adenylate cyclase: beta-adrenergic receptor coupling to Gs regulatory protein. 
  • Effects of flavonoids on cytochrome P450-dependent acetaminophen metabolism in rats and human liver microsomes. 
  • Effects of gamma hydroxybutyric acid on inhibition and excitation in rat neocortex. 
  • Effects of genistein or soy milk during late gestation and lactation on adult uterine organization in the rat. 
  • Effects of glucagonlike peptide I-(7-36) on release of insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin by rat pancreatic islet cell monolayer cultures. 
  • Effects of glucose deficiency on glutamate/aspartate release and excitatory synaptic responses in the hippocampal CA1 area in vitro. 
  • Effects of glutamine and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid mixed lipid emulsion supplementation of parenteral nutrition on sepsis score and bacterial clearance in early experimental sepsis. 
  • Effects of glycine receptor antagonism on spreading depression in the rat. 
  • Effects of growth hormone and IGF-I on cardiac hypertrophy and gene expression in mice. 
  • Effects of halothane on synaptogenesis and learning behavior in rats. 
  • Effects of halothane on the development of rat brain: a golgi study of dendritic growth. 
  • Effects of hydrational state on ingestion in infant rats: is dehydration the only ingestive stimulus? 
  • Effects of hypothermia on the in vivo measurement of rapid axonal transport in the rat: a cautionary note. 
  • Effects of ibogaine on responding maintained by food, cocaine and heroin reinforcement in rats. 
  • Effects of immobilization on Achilles tendon healing in a rat model. 
  • Effects of increased neural activity on brain growth. 
  • Effects of induced tolerance to bacterial lipopolysaccharide on myocardial infarct size in rats. 
  • Effects of inhibition and induction of cytochrome P-450 isozymes on hyperoxic lung injury in rats. 
  • Effects of intraluminal epidermal growth factor on mucosal proliferation in the small intestine of adult rats. 
  • Effects of intranigral application of clinically-effective anticonvulsants on electroshock-induced seizures. 
  • Effects of intravesical prostaglandin E₂ on bladder function are preserved in capsaicin-desensitized rats. 
  • Effects of isoflurane versus fentanyl-nitrous oxide anesthesia on long-term outcome from severe forebrain ischemia in the rat. 
  • Effects of isoflurane, ketamine, and fentanyl/N2O on concentrations of brain and plasma catecholamines during near-complete cerebral ischemia in the rat. 
  • Effects of kindling on subsequent learning, memory, behavior, and seizure susceptibility. 
  • Effects of late prenatal or early postnatal ethanol exposure on ornithine decarboxylase activity in brain and heart of developing rats. 
  • Effects of lead exposure on skeletal development in rats. 
  • Effects of long-term denervation on skeletal muscle in old rats. 
  • Effects of low doses of pioglitazone on resting-state functional connectivity in conscious rat brain. 
  • Effects of magnesium sulfate in kainic acid-induced status epilepticus. 
  • Effects of maternal ethanol ingestion on amine uptake into synaptosomes of fetal and neonatal rat brain. 
  • Effects of maternal ethanol ingestion on development of adrenal catecholamines and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase in the offspring. 
  • Effects of maternal methadone administration on ornithine decarboxylase in brain and heart of the offspring: relationships of enzyme activity to dose and to growth impairment in the rat. 
  • Effects of maternal nicotine injections on brain development in the rat: ornithine decarboxylase activity, nucleic acids and proteins in discrete brain regions. 
  • Effects of metalloporphyrin catalytic antioxidants in experimental brain ischemia. 
  • Effects of morphine on the rat adrenal medulla. 
  • Effects of neonatal hypoxia on brain development in the rat: immediate and long-term biochemical alterations in discrete regions. 
  • Effects of neonatal mercuric chloride administration on growth and biochemical development of neuronal and non-neuronal tissues in the rat: comparison with methylmercury. 
  • Effects of neonatal methylmercury exposure on adrenergic receptor binding sites in peripheral tissues of the developing rat. 
  • Effects of neonatal methylmercury exposure on development of nucleic acids and proteins in rat brain: regional specificity. 
  • Effects of neonatal or maternal methadone administration on ornithine decarboxylase activity in brain and heart of developing rats. 
  • Effects of neonatal treatment with 6-aminonicotinamide on basal and isoproterenol-stimulated ornithine decarboxylase activity in cerebellum of the development rat. 
  • Effects of neurotoxic destruction of descending noradrenergic pathways on cannabinoid antinociception in models of acute and tonic nociception. 
  • Effects of neurotoxic doses of methamphetamine on potassium and amphetamine evoked overflow of dopamine in the striatum of awake rats. 
  • Effects of nicotine and mecamylamine on choice accuracy in an operant visual signal detection task in female rats. 
  • Effects of nicotinic dimethylaminoethyl esters on working memory performance of rats in the radial-arm maze. 
  • Effects of nimodipine on the behavioral sequalae of experimental status epilepticus in prepubescent rats. 
  • Effects of organophosphates on the visual system of rats. 
  • Effects of p-xylene inhalation on axonal transport in the rat retinal ganglion cells. 
  • Effects of partially and more highly purified platelet-derived growth factor preparations on luteinizing hormone receptor induction in granulosa cell cultures. 
  • Effects of perinatal alcohol exposure and dietary calcium supplements on skeletal and dental growth in rats. 
  • Effects of perinatal exposure to methadone on development of neurotransmission: biochemical bases for behavioral alterations. 
  • Effects of phenethyl isothiocyanate, a carcinogenesis inhibitor, on xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes and nitrosamine metabolism in rats. 
  • Effects of phentermine and phenformin on biomarkers of aging in rats. 
  • Effects of physostigmine on rat brain acetylcholine, acetylcholinesterase and conditioned pole jumping. 
  • Effects of phytanic acid on the vitamin E status, lipid composition and physical properties of retinal cell membranes: implications for adult Refsum disease. 
  • Effects of phytoestrogens on GnRH-induced luteinizing hormone secretion in ovariectomized rats. 
  • Effects of pirenzepine on acute mucosal erosions, gastric acid and mucosal blood flow in the spinal rat stomach. 
  • Effects of postischemic halothane administration on outcome from transient focal cerebral ischemia in the rat. 
  • Effects of postnatal reserpine administration on sympatho-adrenal development in the rat. 
  • Effects of prenatal cocaine exposure on haloperidol-induced increases in prolactin release and dopamine turnover in weanling, periadolescent, and adult offspring. 
  • Effects of prenatal dexamethasone on development of ornithine decarboxylase activity in brain and peripheral tissues of rats. 
  • Effects of prenatal dexamethasone or terbutaline exposure on development of neural and intrinsic control of heart rate. 
  • Effects of prenatal ethanol exposure on hippocampal ionotropic-quisqualate and kainate receptors. 
  • Effects of prenatal nicotine exposure on biochemical development of rat brain regions: maternal drug infusions via osmotic minipumps. 
  • Effects of prenatal nicotine exposure on development of central and peripheral cholinergic neurotransmitter systems. Evidence for cholinergic trophic influences in developing brain. 
  • Effects of prenatal nicotine exposure on neuronal development: selective actions on central and peripheral catecholaminergic pathways. 
  • Effects of prenatal reserpine administration on development of the rat adrenal medulla and central nervous system. 
  • Effects of prenatal terbutaline exposure on cellular development in lung and liver of neonatal rat: ornithine decarboxylase activity and macromolecules. 
  • Effects of primary and recurrent sacral chordoma on the motor and nociceptive function of hindlimbs in rats: an orthotopic spine model. 
  • Effects of propranolol treatment on left ventricular function and intracellular calcium regulation in rats with postinfarction heart failure. 
  • Effects of protein nutrition on lymphocyte transformation. 
  • Effects of prothrombin complex concentrate and recombinant activated factor VII on vitamin K antagonist induced anticoagulation. 
  • Effects of quisqualic acid and glutamate on subsequent learning, emotionality, and seizure susceptibility in the immature and mature animal. 
  • Effects of relative hypoglycemia on LTP and NADH imaging in rat hippocampal slices. 
  • Effects of reserpine on the adrenal medulla of the spontaneously hypertensive rat. 
  • Effects of reserpine on the content and properties of rat adrenal medullary storage vesicles. 
  • Effects of sazetidine-A, a selective alpha4beta2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor desensitizing agent on alcohol and nicotine self-administration in selectively bred alcohol-preferring (P) rats. 
  • Effects of sazetidine-A, a selective α4β2* nicotinic receptor desensitizing agent, on body temperature regulation in mice and rats. 
  • Effects of sex and gonadectomy on cocaine metabolism in the rat. 
  • Effects of single and repeated alcohol withdrawal on kindling. 
  • Effects of specific activity on meta-[(131)I]iodobenzylguanidine kinetics in isolated rat heart. 
  • Effects of specific mu and kappa opiate tolerance and abstinence on hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis secretion in the rat. 
  • Effects of sphingosine-1-phosphate and ceramide-1-phosphate on rat intestinal smooth muscle cells: implications for postoperative ileus. 
  • Effects of striatal nitric oxide production on regional cerebral blood flow and seizure development in rats exposed to extreme hyperoxia. 
  • Effects of subchronic exposure to a complex mixture of persistent contaminants in male rats: systemic, immune, and reproductive effects. 
  • Effects of sweetened ethanol solutions on ethanol self-administration and blood ethanol levels. 
  • Effects of terlipressin versus splenectomy on liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy in rats: What we know so far? 
  • Effects of the calcium channel blocker flunarizine on the hemodynamics and oxygenation of tumor microvasculature. 
  • Effects of the dopamine D-2 receptor agonist, LY 171555, on radial arm maze performance in rats. 
  • Effects of the interaction between carbogen and nicotinamide on R3230 Ac tumor blood flow in Fischer 344 rats. 
  • Effects of the new ethacrynic acid oxime derivative SA12590 on intraocular pressure in cats and monkeys. 
  • Effects of the nicotinic receptor blocker mecamylamine on radial-arm maze performance in rats. 
  • Effects of the tumour promoter okadaic acid on intracellular protein phosphorylation and metabolism. 
  • Effects of throwing overweight and underweight baseballs on throwing velocity and accuracy. 
  • Effects of titanium particle size on osteoblast functions in vitro and in vivo. 
  • Effects of tobacco smoke constituents, anabasine and anatabine, on memory and attention in female rats. 
  • Effects of tobacco smoke on PC12 cell neurodifferentiation are distinct from those of nicotine or benzo[a]pyrene. 
  • Effects of treatment with cyclosporine, FK 506, rapamycin, mycophenolic acid, or deoxyspergualin on vascular muscle proliferation in vitro and in vivo. 
  • Effects of two models of hypercalcemia on renal acid base metabolism. 
  • Effects of vitamin A and phenobarbital on liver endoplasmic reticulum of rats. 
  • Effects of volatile anesthetics on N-methyl-D-aspartate excitotoxicity in primary rat neuronal-glial cultures. 
  • Effects of zinc deficiency on lead toxicity in rats. 
  • Efficacy and mechanism of adenovirus-mediated VEGF-165 gene therapy for augmentation of skin flap viability. 
  • Efficacy and safety of next-generation tick transcriptome-derived direct thrombin inhibitors. 
  • Efficacy of adhesion barriers. Resorbable hydrogel, oxidized regenerated cellulose and hyaluronic acid. 
  • Efficacy of baclofen and phenobarbital against the kainic acid limbic seizure-brain damage syndrome. 
  • Efficacy of compartmental administration of immunotoxin LMB-1 (B3-LysPE38) in a rat model of carcinomatous meningitis. 
  • Efficacy of ethyl nitrite in reversing surgical vasospasm. 
  • Efficacy of intracerebral microinfusion of trastuzumab in an athymic rat model of intracerebral metastatic breast cancer. 
  • Efficacy of recombinant human manganese superoxide dismutase compared to allopurinol in protection of ischemic skeletal muscle against "no-reflow". 
  • Efficacy of steroids and hyperbaric oxygen on survival of dorsal skin flaps in rats. 
  • Efficacy of systemic administration of SDF-1 in a model of vascular insufficiency: support for an endothelium-dependent mechanism. 
  • Efficient gene delivery to pancreatic islets with ultrasonic microbubble destruction technology. 
  • Efficient gene transfer with adeno-associated virus-based plasmids complexed to cationic liposomes for gene therapy of human prostate cancer. 
  • Efficient hepatic glycogen synthesis in refeeding rats requires continued carbon flow through the gluconeogenic pathway. 
  • Efficient in vivo gene transfer into the heart in the rat myocardial infarction model using the HVJ (Hemagglutinating Virus of Japan)--liposome method. 
  • Electrical inhibition of lens epithelial cell proliferation: an additional factor in secondary cataract? 
  • Electrical pacing counteracts intrinsic shortening of action potential duration of neonatal rat ventricular cells in culture. 
  • Electrical stimulation alters protein adsorption and nerve cell interactions with electrically conducting biomaterials. 
  • Electrical stimulation of gut motility guided by an in silico model. 
  • Electrical stimulation of neonatal cardiac myocytes activates the NFAT3 and GATA4 pathways and up-regulates the adenylosuccinate synthetase 1 gene. 
  • Electroacupuncture at ST-36 accelerates colonic motility and transit in freely moving conscious rats. 
  • Electroacupuncture elicits dual effects: stimulation of delayed gastric emptying and inhibition of accelerated colonic transit induced by restraint stress in rats. 
  • Electroacupuncture improves restraint stress-induced delay of gastric emptying via central glutaminergic pathways in conscious rats. 
  • Electrochemical properties and myocyte interaction of carbon nanotube microelectrodes. 
  • Electroconvulsive treatment and haloperidol: effects on pre- and postsynaptic dopamine receptors in rat brain. 
  • Electroencephalographic burst suppression is not required to elicit maximal neuroprotection from pentobarbital in a rat model of focal cerebral ischemia. 
  • Electrolytic entorhinal lesions cause seizures. 
  • Electromyographic analysis of oral habituation in rat pups. 
  • Electron paramagnetic resonance of the tungsten derivative of rat liver sulfite oxidase. 
  • Electrophysiological and biochemical characteristics of Gymnodinium breve toxins. 
  • Electrophysiological correlates to the intrinsic optical signal in the rat neocortical slice. 
  • Electrophysiological responses to non-electrolytes in lingual nerve of rat and in lingual epithelia of dog. 
  • Electrotonic loading of anisotropic cardiac monolayers by unexcitable cells depends on connexin type and expression level. 
  • Elevated beta-adrenergic receptor number after chronic propranolol treatment. 
  • Elevated ghrelin alters the behavioral effects of perinatal acetaminophen exposure in rats. 
  • Elevated hydrostatic pressure stimulates ATP release which mediates activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome via P2X4 in rat urothelial cells. 
  • Elevated mu-opioid receptor expression in the nucleus of the solitary tract accompanies attenuated withdrawal signs after chronic low dose naltrexone in opiate-dependent rats. 
  • Elevation of RNA coding for tyrosine hydroxylase in rat adrenal gland by reserpine treatment and exposure to cold. 
  • Elevation of cAMP is required for down-regulation, but not agonist-induced desensitization, of endogenous dopamine D1 receptors in opossum kidney cells. Studies in cells that stably express a rat cAMP phosphodiesterase (rPDE3) cDNA. 
  • Elevation of rat pulmonary, hepatic and lung surfactant lipids by fly ash inhalation. 
  • Elevations of FosB in the nucleus accumbens during forced cocaine abstinence correlate with divergent changes in reward function. 
  • Elimination of radioactivity from rats after intravenous administration of phenyl-labeled [14C]- or [3H]phencyclidine hydrochloride. 
  • Embedding a Panoramic Representation of Infrared Light in the Adult Rat Somatosensory Cortex through a Sensory Neuroprosthesis. 
  • Emerging infectious diseases in an island ecosystem: the New Zealand perspective. 
  • Emerging role of the tissue renin-angiotensin systems in congestive heart failure. 
  • Emission-particle-induced ventilatory abnormalities in a rat model of pulmonary hypertension. 
  • En bloc substitution of the Src homology region 2 domain activates the transforming potential of the c-Abl protein tyrosine kinase. 
  • Enantiomeric propanolamines as selective N-methyl-D-aspartate 2B receptor antagonists. 
  • Encoding of tactile stimulus location by somatosensory thalamocortical ensembles. 
  • Endocrine consequences of perinatal methadone exposure. 
  • Endocrine effects of methadone in rats; acute effects in adults. 
  • Endocrine modulation of reproduction. 
  • Endocrine responses to mother-infant separation in developing rats. 
  • Endogenous acyl ghrelin is involved in mediating spontaneous phase III-like contractions of the rat stomach. 
  • Endogenous cholecystokinin does not decrease food intake or gastric emptying in fasted rats. 
  • Endogenous elevation of plasma cholecystokinin does not prevent gallstones. 
  • Endogenous ghrelin and 5-HT regulate interdigestive gastrointestinal contractions in conscious rats. 
  • Endogenous nitric oxide induced by interleukin-1 beta in rat islets of Langerhans and HIT-T15 cells causes significant DNA damage as measured by the 'comet' assay. 
  • Endogenous opioids regulate long-term potentiation of synaptic inhibition in the dentate gyrus of rat hippocampus. 
  • Endogenous proteinases modulate the function of the beta-adrenergic receptor-adenylate cyclase system. 
  • Endoplasmic reticulum sorting and kinesin-1 command the targeting of axonal GABAB receptors. 
  • Endothelial cell and hepatocyte deaths occur by apoptosis after ischemia-reperfusion injury in the rat liver. 
  • Endothelial cell-conditioned medium downregulates smooth muscle contractile protein expression. 
  • Endothelial cells adhere to the RGD domain and the fibrinogen-like terminal knob of tenascin. 
  • Endothelial denudation and myointimal thickening in the rat carotid artery induced by the passage of bubbles. 
  • Endothelin receptor blockade during hypothermic perfusion preservation mitigates the adverse effect of preretrieval warm ischemic injury on posttransplant glomerular filtration rate. 
  • Endothelin-1 activates endothelial cell nitric-oxide synthase via heterotrimeric G-protein betagamma subunit signaling to protein jinase B/Akt. 
  • Endothelin-1 induces an increase in total protein synthesis and expression of the smooth muscle alpha-actin gene in vascular smooth muscle cells. 
  • Endothelin-receptor blockade mitigates the adverse effect of preretrieval warm ischemia on posttransplantation renal function in rats. 
  • Endotoxin induces PAF production in the rat ileum: quantitation of tissue PAF by an improved method. 
  • Endotoxin mediated-iNOS induction causes insulin resistance via ONOO⁻ induced tyrosine nitration of IRS-1 in skeletal muscle. 
  • Endotoxin-induced uveitis in the rat: observations on altered vascular permeability, clinical findings, and histology. 
  • Endurance training modulates lymphocyte function in rats with post-MI CHF. 
  • Enduring behavioral effects of early exposure to methylphenidate in rats. 
  • Enduring consequences of early-life infection on glial and neural cell genesis within cognitive regions of the brain. 
  • Enduring consequences of maternal obesity for brain inflammation and behavior of offspring. 
  • Energy expenditure during response-dependent and response-independent food delivery in rats. 
  • Energy metabolism and in vivo cytochrome c oxidase redox relationships in hypoxic rat brain. 
  • Energy transfer assays of rat renal cortical endosomal fusion: evidence for superfusion. 
  • Enforced expression of FGF-7 promotes epithelial hyperplasia whereas a dominant negative FGFR2iiib promotes the emergence of neuroendocrine phenotype in prostate glands of transgenic mice. 
  • Engineered bacterial voltage-gated sodium channel platform for cardiac gene therapy. 
  • Engineered cardiac tissue patch maintains structural and electrical properties after epicardial implantation. 
  • Engineered glycomaterial implants orchestrate large-scale functional repair of brain tissue chronically after severe traumatic brain injury. 
  • Engineered skeletal muscle tissue networks with controllable architecture. 
  • Engineering Controlled Peritumoral Inflammation to Constrain Brain Tumor Growth. 
  • Engineering of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and biosynthesis in non-islet cells. 
  • Engineering of glycerol-stimulated insulin secretion in islet beta cells. Differential metabolic fates of glucose and glycerol provide insight into mechanisms of stimulus-secretion coupling. 
  • Engineering the tissue which encapsulates subcutaneous implants. I. Diffusion properties. 
  • Engineering the tissue which encapsulates subcutaneous implants. II. Plasma-tissue exchange properties. 
  • Engineering the tissue which encapsulates subcutaneous implants. III. Effective tissue response times. 
  • Enhanced Galphaq signaling: a common pathway mediates cardiac hypertrophy and apoptotic heart failure. 
  • Enhanced H(2)O(2)-induced cytotoxicity in "epithelioid" smooth muscle cells: implications for neointimal regression. 
  • Enhanced Rotator-Cuff Repair Using Platelet-Rich Plasma Adsorbed on Branched Poly(ester urea)s. 
  • Enhanced Schwann cell attachment and alignment using one-pot "dual click" GRGDS and YIGSR derivatized nanofibers. 
  • Enhanced affective aggression in genetically bred hypercholinergic rats. 
  • Enhanced behavioral response to repeated-dose cocaine in adolescent rats. 
  • Enhanced calcium cycling and contractile function in transgenic hearts expressing constitutively active G alpha o* protein. 
  • Enhanced cell survival in fetal hippocampal suspension transplants grafted to adult rat hippocampus following kainate lesions: a three-dimensional graft reconstruction study. 
  • Enhanced expression of mast cell growth factor and mast cell activation in the bladder following the resolution of trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) colitis in female rats. 
  • Enhanced isolated pancreatic islet recovery and functionality in rats by 17beta-estradiol treatment of brain death donors. 
  • Enhanced optical imaging of rat gliomas and tumor margins. 
  • Enhanced receptor-cyclase coupling and augmented catecholamine-stimulated lipolysis in exercising rats. 
  • Enhanced retention in the passive-avoidance task by 5-HT(1A) receptor blockade is not associated with increased activity of the central nucleus of the amygdala. 
  • Enhanced susceptibility to urinary tract infection in the spinal cord-injured host with neurogenic bladder. 
  • Enhanced tonic GABA current in normotopic and hilar ectopic dentate granule cells after pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus. 
  • Enhanced transduction and improved photoreceptor survival of retinal degeneration by the combinatorial use of rAAV2 with a lower dose of adenovirus. 
  • Enhanced vasorelaxation by overexpression of beta 2-adrenergic receptors in large arteries. 
  • Enhancement of cardiac function by cyclocreatine in models of cardiopulmonary bypass. 
  • Enhancement of rAAV2-mediated transgene expression in retina cells in vitro and in vivo by coadministration of low-dose chemotherapeutic drugs. 
  • Enhancement of the recovery of rat hearts after prolonged cold storage by cyclocreatine phosphate. 
  • Enhancer RNAs predict enhancer-gene regulatory links and are critical for enhancer function in neuronal systems. 
  • Enhancing mechanical properties of tissue-engineered constructs via lysyl oxidase crosslinking activity. 
  • Enhancing the efficiency of direct reprogramming of human primary fibroblasts into dopaminergic neuron-like cells through p53 suppression. 
  • Enkephalin analogues depress synaptic potentials in rat dentate granule cells recorded intracellularly in vitro. 
  • Enriching neural stem cell and anti-inflammatory glial phenotypes with electrical stimulation after traumatic brain injury in male rats. 
  • Entubulation repair with protein additives increases the maximum nerve gap distance successfully bridged with tubular prostheses. 
  • Environmental aspects of fibrous glass production and utilization. 
  • Environmental enrichment alters glial antigen expression and neuroimmune function in the adult rat hippocampus. 
  • Environmental estrogens differentially engage the histone methyltransferase EZH2 to increase risk of uterine tumorigenesis. 
  • Enzymology of long-chain base synthesis by liver: characterization of serine palmitoyltransferase in rat liver microsomes. 
  • Epidermal denervation and its effects on keratinocytes and Langerhans cells. 
  • Epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like transforming growth factor (TGF) activity and EGF receptors in ovine fetal tissues: possible role for TGF in ovine fetal development. 
  • Epidermal growth factor stimulates glycogen synthesis in fetal rat hepatocytes: comparison with the glycogenic effects of insulin-like growth factor I and insulin. 
  • Epigenetic alterations in cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase (Por) in sperm of rats exposed to tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). 
  • Epigenetics and the regulation of stress vulnerability and resilience. 
  • Epimerization of an intermediary metabolite of norethynodrel by a 3 beta-hydroxy-delta 5(10)-steroid epimerase. 
  • Epinephrine induces rapid deterioration in pulmonary oxygen exchange in intact, anesthetized rats: a flow and pulmonary capillary pressure-dependent phenomenon. 
  • Epinephrine proactive retardation of amygdala-kindled epileptogenesis. 
  • Episodic Memory and Beyond: The Hippocampus and Neocortex in Transformation. 
  • Epithelial injury and interstitial fibrosis in the proximal alveolar regions of rats chronically exposed to a simulated pattern of urban ambient ozone. 
  • Epithelial progenitor cells of the embryonic lung and the role of microRNAs in their proliferation. 
  • Eptifibatide: a potent inhibitor of the platelet receptor integrin glycoprotein IIb/IIIa. 
  • Erbin is a protein concentrated at postsynaptic membranes that interacts with PSD-95. 
  • Erbin suppresses the MAP kinase pathway. 
  • Erythropoietin blockade inhibits the induction of tumor angiogenesis and progression. 
  • Erythropoietin inhibits apoptosis in breast cancer cells via an Akt-dependent pathway without modulating in vivo chemosensitivity. 
  • Erythropoietin protects cardiac myocytes against anthracycline-induced apoptosis. 
  • Erythropoietin receptor expression in adult rat cardiomyocytes is associated with an acute cardioprotective effect for recombinant erythropoietin during ischemia-reperfusion injury. 
  • Essential Ca(V)beta modulatory properties are AID-independent. 
  • Essential role of ICAM-1/CD18 in mediating EPC recruitment, angiogenesis, and repair to the infarcted myocardium. 
  • Essential role(s) of the intrarenal renin-angiotensin system in transforming growth factor-beta1 gene expression and induction of hypertrophy of rat kidney proximal tubular cells in high glucose. 
  • Establishing magnetic resonance imaging as an accurate and reliable tool to diagnose and monitor esophageal cancer in a rat model. 
  • Establishment of a critical-sized alveolar defect in the rat: a model for human gingivoperiosteoplasty. 
  • Esterase detoxication of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors using human liver samples in vitro. 
  • Esterase metabolism of cholinesterase inhibitors using rat liver in vitro. 
  • Estimating postvoid residual volume without measuring residual bladder volume during serial cystometrograms. 
  • Estimation of liver and intestine lipids of rat by silicic acid column chromatography. 
  • Estimation of primate speciation dates using local molecular clocks. 
  • Estradiol alters Fos-immunoreactivity in the hippocampus and dorsal striatum during place and response learning in middle-aged but not young adult female rats. 
  • Estradiol benzoate facilitates lordosis and ear wiggling of 4- to 6-day-old rats. 
  • Estrogen and thyroid hormone interaction on regulation of gene expression. 
  • Estrogen stimulation and tamoxifen inhibition of leiomyoma cell growth in vitro and in vivo. 
  • Estrogen treatment enhances hereditary renal tumor development in Eker rats. 
  • Estrogen-related receptors stimulate pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase isoform 4 gene expression. 
  • Estrogen/antiestrogen responsiveness in an in vivo/in vitro model for myometrial tumorigenesis. 
  • Estrogenic activity of a dieldrin/toxaphene mixture in the mouse uterus, MCF-7 human breast cancer cells, and yeast-based estrogen receptor assays: no apparent synergism. 
  • Estrous cyclicity of 125I-cholecystokinin octapeptide binding in the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus. Evidence for downmodulation by estrogen. 
  • Ethanol and complement hemolytic activity of selectively bred hypercholinergic rats. 
  • Ethanol and magnesium ions inhibit N-methyl-D-aspartate-mediated synaptic potentials in an interactive manner. 
  • Ethanol consumption by Fawn-Hooded rats following abstinence: effect of naltrexone and changes in mu-opioid receptor density. 
  • Ethanol diminishes a voltage-dependent K+ current, the M-current, in CA1 hippocampal pyramidal neurons in vitro. 
  • Ethanol exposure alters the phosphorylation of cyclic AMP responsive element binding protein and cyclic AMP responsive element binding activity in rat cerebellum. 
  • Ethanol increases GABAergic transmission at both pre- and postsynaptic sites in rat central amygdala neurons. 
  • Ethanol increases apolipoprotein B mRNA editing in rat primary hepatocytes and McArdle cells. 
  • Ethanol inhibition of AMPA and kainate receptor-mediated depolarizations of hippocampal area CA1. 
  • Ethanol inhibition of NMDA mediated depolarizations is increased in the presence of Mg2+. 
  • Ethanol inhibits liver regeneration in rats without reducing transcripts of key protooncogenes. 
  • Ethanol inhibits release of excitatory amino acids from slices of hippocampal area CA1. 
  • Ethanol inhibits spontaneous activity of central nucleus of the amygdala neurons but does not impair retention in the passive-avoidance task. 
  • Ethanol interferes with regeneration-associated changes in biotransforming enzymes: a potential mechanism underlying ethanol's carcinogenicity? 
  • Ethanol reverses the direction of long-term synaptic plasticity in the dorsomedial striatum. 
  • Ethanol stimulates gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-mediated chloride transport in rat brain synaptoneurosomes. 
  • Ethanol-associated alterations in the kinetics of putrescine uptake and metabolism by the regenerating liver. 
  • Ether lipid metabolism by AADACL1 regulates platelet function and thrombosis. 
  • Ethyl pyruvate improves survival in awake hemorrhage. 
  • Etomoxir-induced PPARalpha-modulated enzymes protect during acute renal failure. 
  • Evaluating chemical and other agent exposures for reproductive and developmental toxicity. 
  • Evaluating intra-articular drug delivery for the treatment of osteoarthritis in a rat model. 
  • Evaluating optimized temporal patterns of spinal cord stimulation (SCS). 
  • Evaluating the bioaccessibility of flame retardants in house dust using an in vitro Tenax bead-assisted sorptive physiologically based method. 
  • Evaluating whole transcriptome amplification for gene profiling experiments using RNA-Seq 
  • Evaluation of 5-(2-(4-pyridinyl)vinyl)-6-chloro-3-(1-methyl-2-(S)-pyrrolidinylmethoxy)pyridine and its analogues as PET radioligands for imaging nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. 
  • Evaluation of BA1112 rhabdomyosarcoma oxygenation with microelectrodes, optical spectrophotometry, radiosensitivity, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy. 
  • Evaluation of an antimicrobial-impregnated continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis catheter for infection control in rats. 
  • Evaluation of anti-podoplanin rat monoclonal antibody NZ-1 for targeting malignant gliomas. 
  • Evaluation of biosynthetic pathways of phosphatidyl choline in liver of rats given phenobarbital: a study on molecular species of phosphatidyl choline. 
  • Evaluation of cold ischemia for preservation of testicular function during partial orchiectomy in the rat model. 
  • Evaluation of in vivo rotator cuff muscle function after acute and chronic detachment of the supraspinatus tendon: an experimental study in an animal model. 
  • Evaluation of porcine-derived small intestine submucosa as a biodegradable graft for gastrointestinal healing. 
  • Evaluation of selective liver denervation methods. 
  • Evaluation of solutions for small intestinal preservation. Biochemical changes as a function of storage time. 
  • Evaluation of the developmental neuroendocrine and reproductive toxicology of aluminium. 
  • Evaluation of the lipid-soluble diaminopyrimidines, metoprine and etoprine, in the avian sarcoma virus rat glioma model. 
  • Evaluation of the role of nitric oxide in acid sensing ion channel mediated cell death. 
  • Evaluation of the thrombogenecity of microvascular prosthesis by in vivo microscopy. 
  • Evans blue nanocarriers visually demarcate margins of invasive gliomas. 
  • Evidence against posttranslational glycosylation of rat glucocorticoid receptors. 
  • Evidence for Compartmentalized Axonal Mitochondrial Biogenesis: Mitochondrial DNA Replication Increases in Distal Axons As an Early Response to Parkinson's Disease-Relevant Stress. 
  • Evidence for a catalytic role of zinc in protein farnesyltransferase. Spectroscopy of Co2+-farnesyltransferase indicates metal coordination of the substrate thiolate. 
  • Evidence for a low Km transporter for non-transferrin-bound iron in isolated rat hepatocytes. 
  • Evidence for a metabolic mechanism in the improvement of type 2 diabetes after sleeve gastrectomy in a rodent model. 
  • Evidence for a role of glucose-induced translocation of glucokinase in the control of hepatic glycogen synthesis. 
  • Evidence for an agonist independent down regulation of hippocampal muscarinic receptors in kindling. 
  • Evidence for depression of nuclear protein synthesis and concomitant stimulation of nuclear RNA synthesis during early estrogen action. 
  • Evidence for differential localization of two binding sites for L-[3H]glutamate in rat fascia dentata. 
  • Evidence for direct local effect of angiotensin in vascular hypertrophy. In vivo gene transfer of angiotensin converting enzyme. 
  • Evidence for epithelial-mesenchymal transitions in adult liver cells. 
  • Evidence for independent recruitment of zeta-crystallin/quinone reductase (CRYZ) as a crystallin in camelids and hystricomorph rodents. 
  • Evidence for indirect dietary regulation of cholecystokinin release in rats. 
  • Evidence for infection, inflammation and shock in sudden infant death: parallels between a neonatal rat model of sudden death and infants who died of sudden infant death syndrome. 
  • Evidence for metabolism of fluoromethyl 2,2-difluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)vinyl ether (compound A), a sevoflurane degradation product, by cysteine conjugate beta-lyase. 
  • Evidence for renin in rat brain: differentiation from other reninlike enzymes. 
  • Evidence for selective release of rodent islet amyloid polypeptide through the constitutive secretory pathway. 
  • Evidence for suppression of hepatic glucose-6-phosphatase with carbohydrate feeding. 
  • Evidence for the existence of renin in the heart. 
  • Evidence for tissue-specific activation of renal angiotensinogen mRNA expression in chronic stable experimental heart failure. 
  • Evidence from lesion studies for epileptogenic and non-epileptogenic neurotoxic interactions between kainic acid and excitatory innervation. 
  • Evidence from normal expression and targeted misexpression that bone morphogenetic protein (Bmp-4) plays a role in mouse embryonic lung morphogenesis. 
  • Evidence implicating alpha-2 adrenergic receptors in the anticonvulsant action of intranigral muscimol. 
  • Evidence implicating dentate granule cells in development of entorhinal kindling. 
  • Evidence implicating dentate granule cells in wet dog shakes produced by kindling stimulations of entorhinal cortex. 
  • Evidence implicating substantia nigra in regulation of kindled seizure threshold. 
  • Evidence of a malonyl-CoA-insensitive carnitine palmitoyltransferase I activity in red skeletal muscle. 
  • Evidence of cosecretion of islet amyloid polypeptide and insulin by beta-cells. 
  • Evidence of functional mossy fiber sprouting in hippocampal formation of kainic acid-treated rats. 
  • Evidence supporting paracrine hypothesis for Akt-modified mesenchymal stem cell-mediated cardiac protection and functional improvement. 
  • Evidence that Par-4 participates in the pathogenesis of HIV encephalitis. 
  • Evidence that Substantia Nigra is crucial to neural network of kindled seizures. 
  • Evidence that activation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase by insulin in adipocytes is mediated by a low-Mr effector and not by increased phosphorylation. 
  • Evidence that down-regulation of beta-cell glucose transporters in non-insulin-dependent diabetes may be the cause of diabetic hyperglycemia. 
  • Evidence that non-caspase proteases are required for chromatin degradation during apoptosis. 
  • Evidence that oral and nutrient reinforcers differentially condition appetitive and consummatory responses to flavors. 
  • Evidence that phosphorylation of the RNA polymerase II carboxyl-terminal repeats is similar in yeast and humans. 
  • Evidence that pretransplant donor blood transfusion prevents rat renal allograft dysfunction but not the in situ cellular alloimmune or morphologic manifestations of rejection. 
  • Evidence that renal prostaglandin and thromboxane production is stimulated in chronic cyclosporine nephrotoxicity. 
  • Evidence that zinc inhibits N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-gated ion channel activation by noncompetitive antagonism of glycine binding. 
  • Ex vivo adenovirus-mediated gene transfer to the adult rat heart. 
  • Exacerbation of systemic inflammation and increased cerebral infarct volume with cardiopulmonary bypass after focal cerebral ischemia in the rat. 
  • Examination of diverse iron-chelating agents for the protection of differentiated PC12 cells against oxidative injury induced by 6-hydroxydopamine and dopamine. 
  • Examination of the mechanisms responsible for tolerance induction after intrathymic inoculation of allogeneic bone marrow. 
  • Excitation-contraction coupling in airway smooth muscle. 
  • Excitatory amino acid receptor activation produces a selective and long-lasting modulation of gene expression in hippocampal neurons. 
  • Excitatory and inhibitory circuitry in the superficial gray layer of the superior colliculus. 
  • Excitatory synaptic potentials in kainic acid-denervated rat CA1 pyramidal neurons. 
  • Excitatory synaptic site heterogeneity during paired pulse plasticity in CA1 pyramidal cells in rat hippocampus in vitro. 
  • Exendin-4 increases blood glucose levels acutely in rats by activation of the sympathetic nervous system. 
  • Exercise alters the regulation of myocardial Na(+)/H(+) exchanger-1 activity. 
  • Exercise decreases fat selection in female rats during weight cycling. 
  • Exercise maintains euglycemia in association with decreased activation of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase and serine phosphorylation of IRS-1 in the liver of ZDF rats. 
  • Exercise training changes IL-10/TNF-alpha ratio in the skeletal muscle of post-MI rats. 
  • Exogenously administered growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-I alter intracellular Ca2+ handling and enhance cardiac performance. In vitro evaluation in the isolated isovolumic buffer-perfused rat heart. 
  • Exogenously administered secreted frizzled related protein 2 (Sfrp2) reduces fibrosis and improves cardiac function in a rat model of myocardial infarction. 
  • Exosomal CCL2 from Tubular Epithelial Cells Is Critical for Albumin-Induced Tubulointerstitial Inflammation. 
  • Exosome-eluting stents for vascular healing after ischaemic injury. 
  • Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in Lewis rats bearing avian sarcoma virus-induced brain tumors. 
  • Experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis in rats. Modification by thymectomy and prednisolone. 
  • Experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis: effects of calcium and potassium on the spontaneous release of neuromuscular transmitter. 
  • Experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis and pinealitis induced by interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein and S-antigen: induction of intraretinal and subretinal neovascularization. 
  • Experimental basis for separation of membrane vesicles by preparative free-flow electrophoresis. 
  • Experimental confirmation of the sheep model for studying the role of calcified fibrocartilage in hip fractures and tendon attachments. 
  • Experimental dystonia induced by quaternary-chlorpromazine. 
  • Experimental gliomas: an autoradiographic study of the endothelial component. 
  • Experimental hypoxemic hypoxia: changes in R2* of brain parenchyma accurately reflect the combined effects of changes in arterial and cerebral venous oxygen saturation. 
  • Experimental hypoxemic hypoxia: effects of variation in hematocrit on magnetic resonance T2*-weighted brain images. 
  • Exposure of neonatal rats to parathion elicits sex-selective impairment of acetylcholine systems in brain regions during adolescence and adulthood. 
  • Exposure of neonatal rats to parathion elicits sex-selective reprogramming of metabolism and alters the response to a high-fat diet in adulthood. 
  • Exposure of the dorsal root ganglion in rats to pulsed radiofrequency currents activates dorsal horn lamina I and II neurons. 
  • Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke during pregnancy in rats yields less effect on indices of brain cell number and size than does postnatal exposure. 
  • Exposure to methylmercury in utero: effects on biochemical development of catecholamine neurotransmitter systems. 
  • Exposure to organophosphates reduces the expression of neurotrophic factors in neonatal rat brain regions: similarities and differences in the effects of chlorpyrifos and diazinon on the fibroblast growth factor superfamily. 
  • Expression and function of the gamma c subunit of the IL-2, IL-4, and IL-7 receptors. Distinct interaction of gamma c in the IL-4 receptor. 
  • Expression and function of transforming growth factor-β isoforms and cognate receptors in the rat urinary bladder following cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis. 
  • Expression and glycogenic effect of glycogen-targeting protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit GL in cultured human muscle. 
  • Expression and hormonal regulation of coactivator and corepressor genes. 
  • Expression and possible function of fibroblast growth factor 9 (FGF9) and its cognate receptors FGFR2 and FGFR3 in postnatal and adult retina. 
  • Expression and regulation of calcium-independent protein kinase C in NG 108-15 cell differentiation. 
  • Expression cloning and characterization of the TGF-beta type III receptor. 
  • Expression cloning of type 2 angiotensin II receptor reveals a unique class of seven-transmembrane receptors. 
  • Expression cloning of type 2 angiotension II receptor reveals a unique class of seven-transmembrane receptors. 
  • Expression microarray identifies novel markers of free flap failure in a rat model. 
  • Expression of PSD-95/SAP90 is critical for N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-mediated thermal hyperalgesia in the spinal cord. 
  • Expression of RNAs for calmodulin, actins, and tubulins in rat testis cells. 
  • Expression of a functional alpha-macroglobulin receptor binding domain in Escherichia coli. 
  • Expression of a highly conserved anti-DNA idiotype in normal and autoimmune mice. 
  • Expression of a variant form of the glutamate transporter GLT1 in neuronal cultures and in neurons and astrocytes in the rat brain. 
  • Expression of alpha 1-adrenergic receptor subtype mRNA in rat tissues and human SK-N-MC neuronal cells: implications for alpha 1-adrenergic receptor subtype classification. 
  • Expression of alpha(2)-adrenergic receptor subtypes in prenatal rat spinal cord. 
  • Expression of amphiphysin I, an autoantigen of paraneoplastic neurological syndromes, in breast cancer. 
  • Expression of an EF-1 alpha-like rat cDNA, S1, in E. coli and production of a rabbit polyclonal antiserum to the recombinant protein. 
  • Expression of candidate pro-GnRH processing enzymes in rat hypothalamus and an immortalized hypothalamic neuronal cell line. 
  • Expression of glucokinase in cultured human muscle cells confers insulin-independent and glucose concentration-dependent increases in glucose disposal and storage. 
  • Expression of growth factor and growth factor receptor RNA in rat pleural mesothelial cells in culture. 
  • Expression of heme oxygenase-1 can determine cardiac xenograft survival. 
  • Expression of heme oxygenase-1 in the lung in chronic hypoxia. 
  • Expression of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2/B1 changes with critical stages of mammalian lung development. 
  • Expression of insulin-like growth factor II in spontaneously immortalized rat mesothelial and spontaneous mesothelioma cells: a potential autocrine role of insulin-like growth factor II. 
  • Expression of laminin isoforms, receptors, and binding proteins unique to nucleus pulposus cells of immature intervertebral disc. 
  • Expression of mRNA coding for the serotonin transporter in aged vs. young rat brain: differential effects of glucocorticoids. 
  • Expression of mRNAs coding for the transforming growth factor-beta receptors in brain regions of euthyroid and hypothyroid neonatal rats and in adult brain. 
  • Expression of major histocompatibility complex class I antigens in normal and transformed rat thyroid epithelial cell lines. 
  • Expression of motor learning in the response of the primate vestibuloocular reflex pathway to electrical stimulation. 
  • Expression of mu-, delta-, and kappa-opioid receptor-like immunoreactivities in rat dorsal root ganglia after carrageenan-induced inflammation. 
  • Expression of neuropeptide Y and neuropeptide Y (Y1) receptor mRNA in rat spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia following peripheral tissue inflammation. 
  • Expression of non-N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptor subunits in the olfactory epithelium. 
  • Expression of nonphagocytic NADPH oxidase system in the ocular lens. 
  • Expression of peptides, nitric oxide synthase and NPY receptor in trigeminal and nodose ganglia after nerve lesions. 
  • Expression of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide in dorsal root ganglia following axotomy: time course and coexistence. 
  • Expression of reg/PSP, a pancreatic exocrine gene: relationship to changes in islet beta-cell mass. 
  • Expression of renin-angiotensin system and extracellular matrix genes in cardiovascular cells and its regulation through AT1 receptor. 
  • Expression of statin, a non-proliferation-dependent nuclear protein, in the postnatal rat brain: evidence for substantial retention of neuroglial proliferative capacity with aging. 
  • Expression of terminin in the rat brain during neuronal differentiation. 
  • Expression of terminin, a senescence-related cytoplasmic protein, in the aging rat brain. 
  • Expression of the non-proliferation-specific protein, statin, in grey matter neuroglia of the aging rat brain. 
  • Expression of the protein tyrosine phosphatase, phosphatase of regenerating liver 1, in the outer segments of primate cone photoreceptors. 
  • Expression of the transcription factor STAT-1 alpha in insulinoma cells protects against cytotoxic effects of multiple cytokines. 
  • Expression of three alpha 2-adrenergic receptor subtypes in rat tissues: implications for alpha 2 receptor classification. 
  • Expression of transforming growth factor-beta receptors during hyperoxia-induced lung injury and repair. 
  • Expression of transforming growth factor-beta type II receptor in rat lung is regulated during development. 
  • Expression of two type II-like tumor hexokinase RNA transcripts in cancer cell lines. 
  • Expression of v-Ha-ras driven by the calcitonin/calcitonin gene-related peptide promoter: a novel transgenic murine model for medullary thyroid carcinoma. 
  • Extended survival time following pseudorabies virus injection labels the suprapontine neural network controlling the bladder and urethra in the rat. 
  • Extinction of conditioned fear in rats as a function of several parameters of CS exposure. 
  • Extracellular acetylcholine is increased in the nucleus accumbens following the presentation of an aversively conditioned taste stimulus. 
  • Extracellular signal-regulated kinase plays an essential role in hypertrophic agonists, endothelin-1 and phenylephrine-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. 
  • Extraction force and cortical tissue reaction of silicon microelectrode arrays implanted in the rat brain. 
  • Extravascular extravasation of radiographic contrast media. Effects of conventional and low-osmolar agents in the rat thigh. 
  • Extravascular toxicity of two magnetic resonance contrast agents. Preliminary experience in the rat. 
  • Extremely high levels of NADPH in guinea pig lens: correlation with zeta-crystallin concentration. 
  • Extrinsic coagulation blockade attenuates lung injury and proinflammatory cytokine release after intratracheal lipopolysaccharide. 
  • Extrinsic surgical denervation ameliorates TNBS-induced colitis in rats. 
  • Extrinsic surgical denervation inhibits Clostridium difficile toxin A-induced enteritis in rats. 
  • F-actin aggregates in transformed cells. 
  • FACS analysis of neuronal-glial interactions in the nucleus accumbens following morphine administration. 
  • FGF12 is a candidate Brugada syndrome locus. 
  • FGF14 regulates presynaptic Ca2+ channels and synaptic transmission. 
  • FGF2 suppresses neuronogenesis of a cell line derived from rat olfactory epithelium. 
  • FGF23 induces left ventricular hypertrophy. 
  • FGF23 or PTH: which comes first in CKD ? 
  • FGF23/FGFR4-mediated left ventricular hypertrophy is reversible. 
  • FIGQY phosphorylation defines discrete populations of L1 cell adhesion molecules at sites of cell-cell contact and in migrating neurons. 
  • FOXO1-mediated upregulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase-4 (PDK4) decreases glucose oxidation and impairs right ventricular function in pulmonary hypertension: therapeutic benefits of dichloroacetate. 
  • FSH stimulation of protein kinase inhibitor: regulation of cellular metabolism. 
  • FSH-induction of androgen binding protein in testes of Sertoli cell-only rats. 
  • Fabrication of 3D hepatic tissues by additive photopatterning of cellular hydrogels. 
  • Facilitation of granule cell epileptiform activity by mossy fiber-released zinc in the pilocarpine model of temporal lobe epilepsy. 
  • Facilitative glucose transporter Glut1 is actively excluded from rod outer segments. 
  • Facilitatory effects of 4-aminopyridine on normal neuromuscular transmission. 
  • Factor analytic models of clustered multivariate data with informative censoring. 
  • Factors controlling oxygen utilization. 
  • Factors in standardizing automated cholinesterase assays. 
  • Factors modulating the sensitivity of the GABA receptor-gated chloride ion channel. 
  • Factors regulating islet regeneration in the post-insulinoma NEDH rat. 
  • Factors that influence the uptake and turnover of glucocerebrosidase and alpha-galactosidase in mammalian liver. 
  • Failure of monoclonal antibodies against tumor associated antigens to improve tumor targeting of LAK cells in a model of rat colon carcinoma. 
  • Farnesylation of nonpeptidic thiol compounds by protein farnesyltransferase. 
  • Farnesyltransferase inhibitors alter the prenylation and growth-stimulating function of RhoB. 
  • Fast and slow gating of sodium channels encoded by a single mRNA. 
  • Fast modulation of prefrontal cortex activity by basal forebrain noncholinergic neuronal ensembles. 
  • Fasting and postprandial concentrations of GLP-1 in intestinal lymph and portal plasma: evidence for selective release of GLP-1 in the lymph system. 
  • Fasting-induced hepatic production of DHEA is regulated by PGC-1alpha, ERRalpha, and HNF4alpha. 
  • Fate of the hippocampal mossy fiber projection after destruction of its postsynaptic targets with intraventricular kainic acid. 
  • Fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibition heightens anandamide signaling without producing reinforcing effects in primates. 
  • Fatty acid homeostasis and induction of lipid regulatory genes in skeletal muscles of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) alpha knock-out mice. Evidence for compensatory regulation by PPAR delta. 
  • Feasibility of laser targeted photo-occlusion of ocular vessels. 
  • Feasibility of laser-targeted photoocclusion of the choriocapillary layer in rats. 
  • Feasibility study of an intensity-modulated radiation model for the study of erectile dysfunction. 
  • Feasibility study of batteryless temperature transponders using miniature microwave cavity resonators. 
  • Fecal pellet output does not always correlate with colonic transit in response to restraint stress and corticotropin-releasing factor in rats. 
  • Feedback regulation by trypsin: evidence for intraluminal CCK-releasing peptide. 
  • Feedback regulation of angiotensin converting enzyme activity and mRNA levels by angiotensin II. 
  • Feeding diversified protein sources exacerbates hepatic insulin resistance via increased gut microbial branched-chain fatty acids and mTORC1 signaling in obese mice. 
  • Fenoldopam improves corticomedullary oxygen delivery and attenuates angiogenesis gene expression in acute ischemic renal injury. 
  • Fenthion produces a persistent decrease in muscarinic receptor function in the adult rat retina. 
  • Fetal and adolescent nicotine administration: effects on CNS serotonergic systems. 
  • Fetal chlorpyrifos exposure: adverse effects on brain cell development and cholinergic biomarkers emerge postnatally and continue into adolescence and adulthood. 
  • Fetal cocaine exposure causes persistent noradrenergic hyperactivity in rat brain regions: effects on neurotransmitter turnover and receptors. 
  • Fetal dexamethasone exposure accelerates development of renal function: relationship to dose, cell differentiation and growth inhibition. 
  • Fetal dexamethasone exposure affects basal ornithine decarboxylase activity in developing rat brain regions and alters acute responses to hypoxia and maternal separation. 
  • Fetal dexamethasone exposure alters macromolecular characteristics of rat brain development: a critical period for regionally selective alterations? 
  • Fetal dexamethasone exposure impairs cellular development in neonatal rat heart and kidney: effects on DNA and protein in whole tissues. 
  • Fetal dexamethasone exposure interferes with establishment of cardiac noradrenergic innervation and sympathetic activity. 
  • Fetal dexamethasone exposure sensitizes neonatal rat brain to hypoxia: effects on protein and DNA synthesis. 
  • Fetal gene transfer with lentiviral vectors: long-term in vivo follow-up evaluation in a rat model. 
  • Fetal hippocampal cells grafted to kainate-lesioned CA3 region of adult hippocampus suppress aberrant supragranular sprouting of host mossy fibers. 
  • Fetal hippocampal grafts containing CA3 cells restore host hippocampal glutamate decarboxylase-positive interneuron numbers in a rat model of temporal lobe epilepsy. 
  • Fetal nicotine exposure ablates the ability of postnatal nicotine challenge to release norepinephrine from rat brain regions. 
  • Fetal nicotine exposure alters ontogeny of M1-receptors and their link to G-proteins. 
  • Fetal nicotine exposure produces postnatal up-regulation of adenylate cyclase activity in peripheral tissues. 
  • Fetal nicotinic overload, blunted sympathetic responsivity, and obesity. 
  • Fetal terbutaline exposure causes selective postnatal increases in cerebellar alpha-adrenergic receptor binding. 
  • Fetal translocation and metabolism of PAH obtained from coal fly ash given intratracheally to pregnant rats. 
  • Fiber-optic stethoscope: a cardiac monitoring and gating system for magnetic resonance microscopy. 
  • Fibroblast growth factor 21 mediates specific glucagon actions. 
  • Fibroblast growth factor 23 directly targets hepatocytes to promote inflammation in chronic kidney disease. 
  • Fibroblast growth factor homologous factor 13 regulates Na+ channels and conduction velocity in murine hearts. 
  • Fibroblast growth factor homologous factors in the heart: a potential locus for cardiac arrhythmias. 
  • Fibroblast growth factor homologous factors modulate cardiac calcium channels. 
  • Fibroblast growth factor receptor 4: the missing link between chronic kidney disease and FGF23-induced left ventricular hypertrophy? 
  • Fibroblast growth factor signaling in the developing tracheoesophageal fistula. 
  • Fibroblast growth factors regulate calcitonin gene-related peptide mRNA expression in rat motoneurons after lesion and in culture. 
  • Fibronectin-integrin signaling is required for L-glutamine's protection against gut injury. 
  • Fibronectin-mediated hepatocyte shape change reprograms cytochrome P450 2C11 gene expression via an integrin-signaled induction of ribonuclease activity. 
  • Fibrous glass and cancer. 
  • Five percent CO₂ is a potent, fast-acting inhalation anticonvulsant. 
  • Fixed feeding potentiates interdigestive gastric motor activity in rats: importance of eating habits for maintaining interdigestive MMC. 
  • Flavin-dependent antioxidant properties of a new series of meso-N,N'-dialkyl-imidazolium substituted manganese(III) porphyrins. 
  • Flavonoids. 8. Synthesis and antifertility and estrogen receptor binding activities of coumarins and delta3-isoflavenes. 
  • Flaws in the serum anticholinergic activity assay: implications for the study of delirium. 
  • Fleeting activation of ionotropic glutamate receptors sensitizes cortical neurons to complement attack. 
  • Flow perfusion maintains ex vivo bone viability: a novel model for bone biology research. 
  • Flow restriction of one carotid artery in juvenile rats inhibits growth of arterial diameter. 
  • Fluctuations in red cell flux in tumor microvessels can lead to transient hypoxia and reoxygenation in tumor parenchyma. 
  • Fluorescence imaging of blood-brain barrier disruption. 
  • Fluorescence imaging of changes in intracellular chloride in living brain slices. 
  • Fluorescent epibatidine agonists for neuronal and muscle-type nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. 
  • Fluorescent labeling of dissociated fetal cells for tissue culture. 
  • Fluorescent pulse-chase labeling to monitor long-term mitochondrial degradation in primary hippocampal neurons. 
  • Fluoxetine reduces saccharin-induced elevation of fluid intake in alcohol-preferring Fawn-Hooded rats. 
  • Focal gene induction in the liver of rats by a heat-inducible promoter using focused ultrasound hyperthermia: preliminary results. 
  • Focal not widespread grafts induce novel dyskinetic behavior in parkinsonian rats. 
  • Folate targeting of drug carriers: a mathematical model. 
  • Folding Landscape of Mutant Huntingtin Exon1: Diffusible Multimers, Oligomers and Fibrils, and No Detectable Monomer. 
  • Follicle-stimulating hormone activation of glycogen phosphorylase in the Sertoli cell-enriched rat testis. 
  • Follicle-stimulating hormone, the Sertoli cell, and spermatogenesis. 
  • Food intake-independent effects of CB1 antagonism on glucose and lipid metabolism. 
  • Forelimb amputation-induced reorganization in the cuneate nucleus (CN) is not reflected in large-scale reorganization in rat forepaw barrel subfield cortex (FBS). 
  • Formation and maintenance of synaptic connections in autonomic ganglia. 
  • Formation of a free acyl adenylate during the activation of 2-propylpentanoic acid. Valproyl-AMP: a novel cellular metabolite of valproic acid. 
  • Formation of complement membrane attack complex in mammalian cerebral cortex evokes seizures and neurodegeneration. 
  • Formation of excitatory and inhibitory associations between absent events. 
  • Fornix transection impairs exploration but not locomotion in ambulatory macaque monkeys. 
  • Forward scatter pulse width signals resolve multiple populations of endosomes. 
  • Fourier analysis of cytoplasmic texture in nuclear fiber cells from transparent and cataractous human and animal lenses. 
  • Fourier analysis of fluctuations of oxygen tension and blood flow in R3230Ac tumors and muscle in rats. 
  • FoxA2, Nkx2.2, and PDX-1 regulate islet beta-cell-specific mafA expression through conserved sequences located between base pairs -8118 and -7750 upstream from the transcription start site. 
  • Frame-Hydrogel Methodology for Engineering Highly Functional Cardiac Tissue Constructs. 
  • Free hemoglobin induction of pulmonary vascular disease: evidence for an inflammatory mechanism. 
  • Free sphingosine formation from endogenous substrates by a liver plasma membrane system with a divalent cation dependence and a neutral pH optimum. 
  • Frequency-Specific Optogenetic Deep Brain Stimulation of Subthalamic Nucleus Improves Parkinsonian Motor Behaviors. 
  • Frequency-dependent absorption of electromagnetic energy in biological tissue. 
  • Frequency-dependent, transient effects of subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation on methamphetamine-induced circling and neuronal activity in the hemiparkinsonian rat. 
  • Frequency-specific and D2 receptor-mediated inhibition of glutamate release by retrograde endocannabinoid signaling. 
  • Frequency-specific coupling in fronto-parieto-occipital cortical circuits underlie active tactile discrimination. 
  • Frequent loss of KAI1 expression in squamous and lymphoid neoplasms. An immunohistochemical study of archival tissues. 
  • Fully implantable and bioresorbable cardiac pacemakers without leads or batteries. 
  • Fully implantable neural recording and stimulation interfaces: Peripheral nerve interface applications. 
  • Fumonisin B1 consumption by rats causes reversible, dose-dependent increases in urinary sphinganine and sphingosine. 
  • Function and regulation of calmodulin in endocrine cells. 
  • Function of microtubules under inadequate protein diet. 
  • Functional Assessment of the Efficacy of Oxygen Free Radical Scavengers in the "No-Reflow" Phenomenon in Skeletal Muscle. 
  • Functional analysis of a complementary DNA for the 50-kilodalton subunit of calmodulin kinase II. 
  • Functional analysis of the interface between the tandem C2 domains of synaptotagmin-1. 
  • Functional and morphologic changes associated with insulinoma transplantation into diabetic rats. 
  • Functional consequences of prenatal methylmercury exposure: effects on renal and hepatic responses to trophic stimuli and on renal excretory mechanisms. 
  • Functional effects of lymphotoxin on crushed peripheral nerve. 
  • Functional electrical stimulation helps replenish progenitor cells in the injured spinal cord of adult rats. 
  • Functional elongation of CA1 hippocampal neurons with aging in Fischer 344 rats. 
  • Functional evaluation of the grafted wall with porcine-derived small intestinal submucosa (SIS) to a stomach defect in rats. 
  • Functional evolution of mammalian odorant receptors. 
  • Functional expression of Mammalian odorant receptors. 
  • Functional expression of a MAP kinase kinase in COS cells and recognition by an anti-STE7/byr1 antibody. 
  • Functional genomics of the beta-cell: short-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase regulates insulin secretion independent of K+ currents. 
  • Functional impairment in protein kinase C by RACK1 (receptor for activated C kinase 1) deficiency in aged rat brain cortex. 
  • Functional recordings from awake, behaving rodents through a microchannel based regenerative neural interface. 
  • Functional reentry in cultured monolayers of neonatal rat cardiac cells. 
  • Functional repair of critically sized femoral defects treated with bioinspired titanium gyroid-sheet scaffolds. 
  • Functional role of thromboxane production by acutely rejecting renal allografts in rats. 
  • Functional roles of the two domains of phosducin and phosducin-like protein. 
  • Functional selectivity of dopamine receptor agonists. I. Selective activation of postsynaptic dopamine D2 receptors linked to adenylate cyclase. 
  • Functional selectivity of dopamine receptor agonists. II. Actions of dihydrexidine in D2L receptor-transfected MN9D cells and pituitary lactotrophs. 
  • Functional significance of erythropoietin receptor expression in breast cancer. 
  • Functional vagotopy in the cervical vagus nerve of the domestic pig: implications for the study of vagus nerve stimulation. 
  • Functionally active targeting domain of the beta-adrenergic receptor kinase: an inhibitor of G beta gamma-mediated stimulation of type II adenylyl cyclase. 
  • Functionally relevant gamma-aminobutyric acidA receptors: equivalence between receptor affinity (Kd) and potency (EC50)? 
  • Fundamental metabolic differences between hepatocytes and islet beta-cells revealed by glucokinase overexpression. 
  • Further assessment of an in vitro screen that may help identify organophosphorus pesticides that are more acutely toxic to the young. 
  • Further electrophysiological studies of neuromuscular transmission in an animal model of myasthenia gravis. 
  • Further evidence of a decorin-collagen interaction in the disruption of cervical collagen fibers during rat gestation. 
  • Further genetic characterization of the fawn-hooded (FH/Wjd) rat, an animal model of comorbid depression and alcoholism. 
  • Further selection of rat lines differing in 5-HT-1A receptor sensitivity: behavioral and functional correlates. 
  • Fusigenic liposome-mediated DNA transfer into cardiac myocytes. 
  • Fusigenic viral liposome for gene therapy in cardiovascular diseases. 
  • G beta gamma subunits mediate mitogen-activated protein kinase activation by the tyrosine kinase insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor. 
  • G protein gamma subunits contain a 20-carbon isoprenoid. 
  • G protein-coupled receptor kinase 5 in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells and rat aorta. Regulation by angiotensin II and hypertension. 
  • G protein-coupled receptors mediate two functionally distinct pathways of tyrosine phosphorylation in rat 1a fibroblasts. Shc phosphorylation and receptor endocytosis correlate with activation of Erk kinases. 
  • G-protein-coupled receptor genes as protooncogenes: constitutively activating mutation of the alpha 1B-adrenergic receptor enhances mitogenesis and tumorigenicity. 
  • G-protein-coupled receptor kinase specificity for beta-arrestin recruitment to the beta2-adrenergic receptor revealed by fluorescence resonance energy transfer. 
  • G2019S-LRRK2 Expression Augments α-Synuclein Sequestration into Inclusions in Neurons. 
  • GABA receptor-mediated chloride transport in a "cell-free" membrane preparation from brain. 
  • GABA transport modulates the ethanol sensitivity of tonic inhibition in the rat dentate gyrus. 
  • GABA-induced chemokinesis and NGF-induced chemotaxis of embryonic spinal cord neurons. 
  • GABAA alpha 2 mRNA levels are decreased following induction of spontaneous epileptiform discharges in hippocampal-entorhinal cortical slices. 
  • GABAB autoreceptors mediate activity-dependent disinhibition and enhance signal transmission in the dentate gyrus. 
  • GABAB receptors mediate disinhibition and facilitate long-term potentiation in the dentate gyrus. 
  • GABAB receptors modulate synaptically-evoked responses in the rat dentate gyrus, in vivo. 
  • GABAB-Receptor-mediated currents in interneurons of the dentate-hilus border. 
  • GABAB-receptor-mediated inhibition of the N-methyl-D-aspartate component of synaptic transmission in the rat hippocampus. 
  • GABAergic neurons of mammalian cerebral cortex: widespread subclass defined by somatostatin content. 
  • GABAergic pathway from zona incerta to neocortex: clarification. 
  • GAP-43 promoter elements in transgenic zebrafish reveal a difference in signals for axon growth during CNS development and regeneration. 
  • GBR12909 stimulates hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal activity by inhibition of uptake at hypothalamic dopamine neurons. 
  • GDNF protection against 6-OHDA-induced reductions in potassium-evoked overflow of striatal dopamine. 
  • GIT proteins, A novel family of phosphatidylinositol 3,4, 5-trisphosphate-stimulated GTPase-activating proteins for ARF6. 
  • GLP-1 reduces intestinal lymph flow, triglyceride absorption, and apolipoprotein production in rats. 
  • GLP-1R agonism enhances adjustable gastric banding in diet-induced obese rats. 
  • GLP-1R responsiveness predicts individual gastric bypass efficacy on glucose tolerance in rats. 
  • GLUT-2 gene transfer into insulinoma cells confers both low and high affinity glucose-stimulated insulin release. Relationship to glucokinase activity. 
  • GLUTAMINE PREVENTS ACTIVATION OF NF-kappaB AND STRESS KINASE PATHWAYS, ATTENUATES INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINE RELEASE, AND PREVENTS ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME (ARDS) FOLLOWING SEPSIS. 
  • GRIP: a synaptic PDZ domain-containing protein that interacts with AMPA receptors. 
  • GRK2-mediated inhibition of adrenergic and dopaminergic signaling in right ventricular hypertrophy: therapeutic implications in pulmonary hypertension. 
  • GSK3 involvement in amylin signaling in isolated rat soleus muscle. 
  • GTP cyclohydrolase and tetrahydrobiopterin regulate pain sensitivity and persistence. 
  • GTP-mediated Ca2+ release in rough endoplasmic reticulum. Correlation with a GTP-sensitive increase in membrane permeability. 
  • GTPase activating specificity of RGS12 and binding specificity of an alternatively spliced PDZ (PSD-95/Dlg/ZO-1) domain. 
  • GYGD pore motifs in neighbouring potassium channel subunits interact to determine ion selectivity. 
  • Gabapentin attenuates morphine tolerance through interleukin-10. 
  • Gabapentin enhances the morphine anti-nociceptive effect in neuropathic pain via the interleukin-10-heme oxygenase-1 signalling pathway in rats. 
  • Gabapentin receptor alpha2delta-1 is a neuronal thrombospondin receptor responsible for excitatory CNS synaptogenesis. 
  • Gadolinium chloride alters the acinar distribution of phagocytosis and balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. 
  • Gait abnormalities and inflammatory cytokines in an autologous nucleus pulposus model of radiculopathy. 
  • Gait and behavior in an IL1β-mediated model of rat knee arthritis and effects of an IL1 antagonist. 
  • Galactose and glucose metabolism in the isolated perfused suckling and adult rat liver. 
  • Galanin antisense oligonucleotides reduce galanin levels in dorsal root ganglia and induce autotomy in rats after axotomy. 
  • Galanin is an estrogen-inducible, secretory product of the rat anterior pituitary. 
  • Gamma-aminobutyric acid inhibits synergistic interleukin-6 release but not transcriptional activation in astrocytoma cells. 
  • Gamma-butyrolactone sleep: A 24-hour rhythm paralleling normal sleep in the rat and CNS amine changes. 
  • Gangliosides in the human glioma cell line U-118 MG grown in culture or as xenografts in nude rats. 
  • Gastric acid and particulate aspiration injury inhibits pulmonary bacterial clearance. 
  • Gastric mucosal damage induced by 2-deoxy-D-glucose involves medullary TRH in the rat. 
  • Gating of CaMKII by cAMP-regulated protein phosphatase activity during LTP. 
  • Gender difference in cocaine-induced HPA axis activation. 
  • Gender differences in molecular remodeling in pressure overload hypertrophy. 
  • Gender differences in postinfarction left ventricular remodeling. 
  • Gene Expression Profiling of Cutaneous Injured and Non-Injured Nociceptors in SNI Animal Model of Neuropathic Pain. 
  • Gene and protein expressions of nitric oxide synthases in ischemia-reperfused peripheral nerve of the rat. 
  • Gene by sex interaction in the etiology of coronary heart disease and the preceding metabolic syndrome. 
  • Gene delivery approaches to heart failure treatment. 
  • Gene expression and cell growth are modified by silencing SUMO2 and SUMO3 expression. 
  • Gene expression in obliterative bronchiolitis-like lesions in 2,3-pentanedione-exposed rats. 
  • Gene expression of the endolymphatic sac. 
  • Gene expression profiling of nephrotoxicity from the sevoflurane degradation product fluoromethyl-2,2-difluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)vinyl ether ("compound A") in rats. 
  • Gene inhibition and gene augmentation for the treatment of vascular proliferative disorders. 
  • Gene therapy in transplantation. 
  • Gene therapy inhibiting neointimal vascular lesion: in vivo transfer of endothelial cell nitric oxide synthase gene. 
  • Gene therapy of bladder pain with herpes simplex virus (HSV) vectors expressing preproenkephalin (PPE). 
  • Gene therapy strategy for long-term myocardial protection using adeno-associated virus-mediated delivery of heme oxygenase gene. 
  • Gene therapy with an E2F transcription factor decoy inhibits cell cycle progression in rat anti-Thy 1 glomerulonephritis. 
  • Gene transfer and expression in rat cardiac transplants. 
  • General anesthetic exposure in adolescent rats causes persistent maladaptations in cognitive and affective behaviors and neuroplasticity. 
  • General immunocompetence of rats bearing avian sarcoma virus-induced intracranial tumors. 
  • Generating artificial sensations with spinal cord stimulation in primates and rodents. 
  • Generating monoclonal antibodies to neuronal antigens. 
  • Generation of anti-idiotypic reagents in the EGFRvIII tumor-associated antigen system. 
  • Generation of chemotactic activity by immune complexes carrying clustered or nonclustered C42 sites. 
  • Generation of high curvature membranes mediated by direct endophilin bilayer interactions. 
  • Generation of neuronal intranuclear inclusions by polyglutamine-GFP: analysis of inclusion clearance and toxicity as a function of polyglutamine length. 
  • Generation of silent synapses by acute in vivo expression of CaMKIV and CREB. 
  • Genes for the neuronal immunoglobulin domain cell adhesion molecules neurofascin and Nr-CAM map to mouse chromosomes 1 and 12 and homologous human chromosomes. 
  • Genetic animal models of depression and ethanol preference provide support for cholinergic and serotonergic involvement in depression and alcoholism. 
  • Genetic background influences LRRK2-mediated Rab phosphorylation in the rat brain. 
  • Genetic basis for individual variations in pain perception and the development of a chronic pain condition. 
  • Genetic control of the immune response to nuclease. V. Genetic linkage and strain distribution of anti-nuclease idiotypes. 
  • Genetic control of the immune response to staphylococcal nuclease. IX. Recombination between genes determining BALB/c antinuclease idiotypes and the heavy chain allotype locus. 
  • Genetic control of the immune response to staphylococcal nuclease. VIII. Mapping of genes for antibodies to different antigenic regions of nuclease. 
  • Genetic engineering of somatic cells to study and improve cardiac function. 
  • Genetic mapping in hypertension. 
  • Genetic mapping of a gene causing hypertension in the stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat. 
  • Genetic serotonin deficiency and alcohol preference in the fawn hooded rats. 
  • Genetic variant rs3750625 in the 3'UTR of ADRA2A affects stress-dependent acute pain severity after trauma and alters a microRNA-34a regulatory site. 
  • Genome-wide, high-content siRNA screening identifies the Alzheimer's genetic risk factor FERMT2 as a major modulator of APP metabolism. 
  • Genomic organization of rat rDNA. 
  • Gentamicin inhibits rat renal cortical homotypic endosomal fusion: role of megalin. 
  • Geometrical differences among homologous neurons in mammals. 
  • Germline AGO2 mutations impair RNA interference and human neurological development. 
  • Gestational and perinatal exposure to diazinon causes long-lasting neurobehavioral consequences in the rat. 
  • Gestational dexamethasone treatment elicits sex-dependent alterations in locomotor activity, reward-based memory and hippocampal cholinergic function in adolescent and adult rats. 
  • Gestational exposure to chlorpyrifos: apparent protection of the fetus? 
  • Gestational exposure to chlorpyrifos: comparative distribution of trichloropyridinol in the fetus and dam. 
  • Gestational exposure to chlorpyrifos: dose response profiles for cholinesterase and carboxylesterase activity. 
  • Gestational exposure to nicotine and/or benzo[a]pyrene causes long-lasting neurobehavioral consequences. 
  • Ghrelin accelerates gastric emptying via early manifestation of antro-pyloric coordination in conscious rats. 
  • Ghrelin enhances olfactory sensitivity and exploratory sniffing in rodents and humans. 
  • Giant ankyrin-G: a critical innovation in vertebrate evolution of fast and integrated neuronal signaling. 
  • Gleevec, an Abl family inhibitor, produces a profound change in cell shape and migration. 
  • Glial growth factor 2, a soluble neuregulin, directly increases Schwann cell motility and indirectly promotes neurite outgrowth. 
  • Glial-mesenchymal tropism of in vivo avian sarcoma virus neuro-oncogenesis in rats. 
  • Glioma-associated antigens defined by monoclonal antibodies against an avian sarcoma virus-induced rat astrocytoma. 
  • Global forebrain dynamics predict rat behavioral states and their transitions. 
  • Global gene expression and chromatin accessibility of the peripheral nervous system in animal models of persistent pain. 
  • Glomerular beta-galactosidase expression following transduction with microsphere-adenoviral complexes. 
  • GluR3 autoantibodies destroy neural cells in a complement-dependent manner modulated by complement regulatory proteins. 
  • Glucagon like peptide-1 accelerates colonic transit via central CRF and peripheral vagal pathways in conscious rats. 
  • Glucagon stimulation of mitochondrial ATPase and potassium ion transport. 
  • Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptors expressed on nerve terminals in the portal vein mediate the effects of endogenous GLP-1 on glucose tolerance in rats. 
  • Glucocorticoid administration alters nuclear transcription factors in fetal rat brain: implications for the use of antenatal steroids. 
  • Glucocorticoid metabolism in proximal tubules modulates angiotensin II-induced electrolyte transport. 
  • Glucocorticoid receptor binding to rat liver nuclei occurs without nuclear transport. 
  • Glucocorticoid regulation of preproglucagon transcription and RNA stability during stress. 
  • Glucocorticoid-induced osteogenesis is negatively regulated by Runx2/Cbfa1 serine phosphorylation. 
  • Glucocorticoid-induced thymocyte apoptosis: protease-dependent activation of cell shrinkage and DNA degradation. 
  • Glucocorticoid-targeting of the adenylyl cyclase signaling pathway in the cerebellum of young vs. aged rats. 
  • Glucocorticoids accelerate the ontogenetic transition of cardiac ventricular myosin heavy-chain isoform expression in the rat: promotion by prenatal exposure to a low dose of dexamethasone. 
  • Glucocorticoids and the development of neuronal function: effects of prenatal dexamethasone exposure on central noradrenergic activity. 
  • Glucocorticoids enhance intracellular signaling via adenylate cyclase at three distinct loci in the fetus: a mechanism for heterologous teratogenic sensitization? 
  • Glucocorticoids regulate the development of intracellular signaling: enhanced forebrain adenylate cyclase catalytic subunit activity after fetal dexamethasone exposure. 
  • Glucocorticoids regulate the ontogenetic transition of adrenergic receptor subtypes in rat liver. 
  • Glucokinase and glucose transporter expression in liver and islets: implications for control of glucose homoeostasis. 
  • Glucokinase gene transfer to skeletal muscle of diabetic Zucker fatty rats improves insulin-sensitive glucose uptake. 
  • Glucokinase overexpression restores glucose utilization and storage in cultured hepatocytes from male Zucker diabetic fatty rats. 
  • Glucose 6-phosphate produced by glucokinase, but not hexokinase I, promotes the activation of hepatic glycogen synthase. 
  • Glucose activates mitogen-activated protein kinase (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) through proline-rich tyrosine kinase-2 and the Glut1 glucose transporter. 
  • Glucose down-regulates the expression of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha gene in the pancreatic beta -cell. 
  • Glucose sensing by MondoA:Mlx complexes: a role for hexokinases and direct regulation of thioredoxin-interacting protein expression. 
  • Glucose stimulates and potentiates islet amyloid polypeptide secretion by the B-cell. 
  • Glucose utilization by edematous rat lungs. 
  • Glucose-6-phosphatase overexpression lowers glucose 6-phosphate and inhibits glycogen synthesis and glycolysis in hepatocytes without affecting glucokinase translocation. Evidence against feedback inhibition of glucokinase. 
  • Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) gene expression in the rat salivary gland. 
  • Glutamate and dynorphin release from a subcellular fraction enriched in hippocampal mossy fiber synaptosomes. 
  • Glutamate decreases mitochondrial size and movement in primary forebrain neurons. 
  • Glutamate mobilizes [Zn2+] through Ca2+ -dependent reactive oxygen species accumulation. 
  • Glutamate receptor activation regulates mRNA at both transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. 
  • Glutamate receptor desensitization is mediated by changes in quaternary structure of the ligand binding domain. 
  • Glutamate receptor involvement in dentate granule cell epileptiform activity evoked by mossy fiber stimulation. 
  • Glutamic acid decarboxylase-67-positive hippocampal interneurons undergo a permanent reduction in number following kainic acid-induced degeneration of ca3 pyramidal neurons. 
  • Glutamine and heat shock protein expression. 
  • Glutamine attenuates endotoxin-induced lung metabolic dysfunction: potential role of enhanced heat shock protein 70. 
  • Glutamine attenuates lung injury and improves survival after sepsis: role of enhanced heat shock protein expression. 
  • Glutamine induces heat shock protein and protects against endotoxin shock in the rat. 
  • Glutamine prevents apoptosis in intestinal epithelial cells and induces differential protective pathways in heat and oxidant injury models. 
  • Glutamine protects intestinal epithelial cells: role of inducible HSP70. 
  • Glutamine reduces cytokine release, organ damage, and mortality in a rat model of endotoxemia. 
  • Glutamine therapy improves outcome of in vitro and in vivo experimental colitis models. 
  • Glutamine transport into isolated renal membrane vesicles from normal and acidotic rats. 
  • Glutamine-mediated dual regulation of heat shock transcription factor-1 activation and expression. 
  • Glutathione protects cardiac and skeletal muscle from cyclophosphamide-induced toxicity. 
  • Glutathionylated 4-hydroxy-2-(E)-alkenal enantiomers in rat organs and their contributions toward the disposal of 4-hydroxy-2-(E)-nonenal in rat liver. 
  • Glycan binding avidity determines the systemic fate of adeno-associated virus type 9. 
  • Glycine antagonism does not block ischemic spontaneous depolarization in the rat. 
  • Glycine regulation of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-gated ion channel in hippocampal membranes. 
  • Glycogen debranching enzyme is associated with rat skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum. 
  • Glycogen-targeting subunits and glucokinase differentially affect pathways of glycogen metabolism and their regulation in hepatocytes. 
  • Glycogenolytic effects of the calcium ionophore A23187, but not of vasopressin or angiotensin, in foetal-rat hepatocytes. 
  • Glycosylation of serum HDL and LDL in rats given excess retinol. 
  • Gonadal steroids mediate the opposite changes in cocaine-induced locomotion across adolescence in male and female rats. 
  • Gonadotropin regulation of the rat proopiomelanocortin promoter: characterization by transfection of primary ovarian granulosa cells. 
  • Gonadotropin releasing hormone stimulates calmodulin redistribution in rat pituitary. 
  • Got worms? Perinatal exposure to helminths prevents persistent immune sensitization and cognitive dysfunction induced by early-life infection. 
  • Graft-versus-leukemia in the rat--the antileukemic efficacy of syngeneic and allogeneic graft-versus-host disease. 
  • Granule cells in aging rats are sexually dimorphic in their response to estradiol. 
  • Green fluorescent latex microspheres: a new retrograde tracer. 
  • Group VIA Phospholipase A2 (iPLA2β) Modulates Bcl-x 5'-Splice Site Selection and Suppresses Anti-apoptotic Bcl-x(L) in β-Cells. 
  • Growth factor receptor-bound protein 14 undergoes light-dependent intracellular translocation in rod photoreceptors: functional role in retinal insulin receptor activation. 
  • Growth factor-mediated phosphorylation of proapoptotic BAD reduces tubule cell death in vitro and in vivo. 
  • Growth factors modulate gonadotropin receptor induction in granulosa cell cultures. 
  • Growth hormone and prolactin binding to rabbit liver plasma membranes. 
  • Growth hormone attenuates early left ventricular remodeling and improves cardiac function in rats with large myocardial infarction. 
  • Growth of the rat somatic sensory cortex and its constituent parts during postnatal development. 
  • Guanine nucleotides and alpha 1 adrenergic receptors in the heart. 
  • Guinea pig and bovine zeta-crystallins have distinct functional characteristics highlighting replacements in otherwise similar structures. 
  • Gustatory effects of capsaicin that are independent of TRPV1 receptors. 
  • Gustatory stimulus control and reversal learning in rats. 
  • Gut immune maturation depends on colonization with a host-specific microbiota. 
  • Gαz regulates BDNF-induction of axon growth in cortical neurons. 
  • H(2)O(2)-induced O(2) production by a non-phagocytic NAD(P)H oxidase causes oxidant injury. 
  • H-Ras peptide and protein substrates bind protein farnesyltransferase as an ionized thiolate. 
  • H19, a developmentally regulated gene, is reexpressed in rat vascular smooth muscle cells after injury. 
  • HASF (C3orf58) is a novel ligand of the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor. 
  • HCPTPA, a protein tyrosine phosphatase that regulates vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-mediated signal transduction and biological activity. 
  • HER-2/c-erbB2 is phosphorylated by calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II on a single site in the cytoplasmic tail at threonine-1172. 
  • HIV-1 Nef protein binds to the cellular protein PACS-1 to downregulate class I major histocompatibility complexes. 
  • HMGB1 acts on microglia Mac1 to mediate chronic neuroinflammation that drives progressive neurodegeneration. 
  • HMGB1-RAGE pathway drives peroxynitrite signaling-induced IBD-like inflammation in murine nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. 
  • HMW-2, the Sertoli cell cytoplasmic dynein from rat testis, is a dimer composed of nearly identical subunits. 
  • HSP70 chaperones RNA-free TDP-43 into anisotropic intranuclear liquid spherical shells. 
  • Habituation of oromotor responding to oral infusions in rat pups. 
  • Halofuginone inhibits collagen deposition in fibrous capsules around implants. 
  • Halothane reduces focal ischemic injury in the rat when brain temperature is controlled. 
  • Healing of experimental muscle strains and the effects of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory medication. 
  • Heart fatty acid binding protein as a marker for postmortem detection of early myocardial damage. 
  • Heart hypertrophy during pregnancy: a better functioning heart? 
  • Heat-dependent opening of TRPV1 in the presence of capsaicin. 
  • Heavy endosomes isolated from the rat renal cortex show attributes of intermicrovillar clefts. 
  • Hedgehog activity, epithelial-mesenchymal transitions, and biliary dysmorphogenesis in biliary atresia. 
  • Hedgehog controls hepatic stellate cell fate by regulating metabolism. 
  • Hedgehog pathway activation and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transitions during myofibroblastic transformation of rat hepatic cells in culture and cirrhosis. 
  • Hedgehog signaling regulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition during biliary fibrosis in rodents and humans. 
  • Hedgehog signalling regulates liver sinusoidal endothelial cell capillarisation. 
  • Hedgehog-YAP Signaling Pathway Regulates Glutaminolysis to Control Activation of Hepatic Stellate Cells. 
  • Hedgehog-mediated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and fibrogenic repair in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. 
  • Hel-N1/Hel-N2 proteins are bound to poly(A)+ mRNA in granular RNP structures and are implicated in neuronal differentiation. 
  • Heme Oxygenase-1/Carbon Monoxide System and Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation and Maturation into Cardiomyocytes. 
  • Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) inhibits postmyocardial infarct remodeling and restores ventricular function. 
  • Heme oxygenase-1 is upregulated in the kidney of angiotensin II-induced hypertensive rats : possible role in renoprotection. 
  • Heme-assisted S-nitrosation desensitizes ferric soluble guanylate cyclase to nitric oxide. 
  • Heme: a novel inducer of MCP-1 through HO-dependent and HO-independent mechanisms. 
  • Hemodilution during cardiopulmonary bypass increases cerebral infarct volume after middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats. 
  • Hemodynamic Characterization of Rodent Models of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. 
  • Hemodynamic and histological differences in end-to-side anastomoses. 
  • Hemodynamic effects of metalloporphyrin catalytic antioxidants: structure-activity relationships and species specificity. 
  • Hemostatic activation in a chemically induced rat model of severe hemolysis and thrombosis. 
  • HepaCAM controls astrocyte self-organization and coupling. 
  • Heparin bonding increases patency of long microvascular prostheses. 
  • Heparin coating of vascular prostheses reduces thromboemboli. 
  • Hepatic allograft-derived Kupffer cells regulate T cell response in rats. 
  • Hepatic alpha-adrenergic receptors. Identification and subcellular localization using [3H]dihydroergocryptine. 
  • Hepatic clearance and metabolism in the rat of a human breast cancer associated glycoprotein (GCDFP-15). 
  • Hepatic cyclic AMP generation and ornithine decarboxylase induction by glucagon and beta adrenergic agonists. 
  • Hepatic enzymes of sphingolipid and glycerolipid biosynthesis in rats from Spacelab 3. 
  • Hepatic expression of a targeting subunit of protein phosphatase-1 in streptozotocin-diabetic rats reverses hyperglycemia and hyperphagia despite depressed glucokinase expression. 
  • Hepatic expression of malonyl-CoA decarboxylase reverses muscle, liver and whole-animal insulin resistance. 
  • Hepatic fibrogenesis requires sympathetic neurotransmitters. 
  • Hepatic function in rats after spaceflight: effects on lipids, glycogen, and enzymes. 
  • Hepatic lysosomal enzymes in young rats fed retinol. 
  • Hepatic microsomal phospholipids in rats exposed intratracheally to coal fly ash. 
  • Hepatic mitochondrial membrane lipid environment and protein nutrition. 
  • Hepatic overexpression of glycerol-sn-3-phosphate acyltransferase 1 in rats causes insulin resistance. 
  • Hepatic phosphatidylcholine synthesis in deficiency of lysine and threonine: effect of malathion. 
  • Hepatic plasma membrane fluidity and dietary proteins. 
  • Hepatic prolactin binding in female Sprague-Dawley rats fed a diet high in corn oil. 
  • Hepatic receptor that specifically binds oligosaccharides containing fucosyl alpha1 leads to 3 N-acetylglucosamine linkages. 
  • Hepatic regeneration is associated with preservation of microsomal glucuronidation. 
  • Hepatic sulfite oxidase. Congruency in mitochondria of prosthetic groups and activity. 
  • Hepatic sulfite oxidase. Effect of anions on interaction with cytochrome c. 
  • Hepatic transplantation into sensitized recipients. Demonstration of hyperacute rejection. 
  • Hepatocellular expression of glucose-6-phosphatase is unaltered during hepatic regeneration. 
  • Hepatocyte nuclear factor-4alpha mediates redox sensitivity of inducible nitric-oxide synthase gene transcription. 
  • Hepatocyte receptors for antithrombin III-proteinase complexes. 
  • Hepatocyte uptake of alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor-trypsin complexes in vitro: evidence for a shared uptake mechanism for proteinase complexes of alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor and antithrombin III. 
  • Herbal remedies for alcoholism: promises and possible pitfalls. 
  • Hereditary renal cell carcinoma in the Eker rat: a rodent familial cancer syndrome. 
  • Hereditary renal cell carcinoma in the Eker rat: a unique animal model for the study of cancer susceptibility. 
  • Hereditary renal cell carcinoma in the rat associated with nonrandom loss of chromosomes 5 and 6. 
  • Heroin neuroteratogenicity: delayed-onset deficits in catecholaminergic synaptic activity. 
  • Herpes simplex virus (HSV)-mediated ICAM-1 gene transfer abrogates tumorigenicity and induces anti-tumor immunity. 
  • Heterodimerization and deoxyribonucleic acid-binding properties of a retinoid X receptor-related factor. 
  • Heterogeneity in presynaptic regulation of GABA release from hippocampal inhibitory neurons. 
  • Heterogeneity in the hormonal responsiveness of clones derived from the 13762NF rat mammary tumor. 
  • Heterogeneity in the phosphorylation of microtubule-associated protein MAP1B during rat brain development. 
  • Heterogeneity in tumor microvascular response to radiation. 
  • Heterogeneity of adenylate cyclase-coupled beta-adrenergic receptors. 
  • Heterogeneity of endosomal populations in the rat renal cortex: light endosomes. 
  • Heterogeneity of radioligand binding to alpha-adrenergic receptors. Analysis of guanine nucleotide regulation of agonist binding in relation to receptor subtypes. 
  • Heterogeneous integration of bilateral whisker signals by neurons in primary somatosensory cortex of awake rats. 
  • Heterologous desensitization of the inhibitory A1 adenosine receptor-adenylate cyclase system in rat adipocytes. Regulation of both Ns and Ni. 
  • Hexabromonaphthalene contaminants of polybrominated biphenyls: chemical composition and disposition in the rat. 
  • High affinity binding of [3H]epibatidine to rat brain membranes. 
  • High and low molecular weight DNA cleavage in ovarian granulosa cells: characterization and protease modulation in intact cells and in cell-free nuclear autodigestion assays. 
  • High glucose stimulates angiotensinogen gene expression and cell hypertrophy via activation of the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway in rat kidney proximal tubular cells. 
  • High glucose stimulates angiotensinogen gene expression via reactive oxygen species generation in rat kidney proximal tubular cells. 
  • High level expression of mammalian protein farnesyltransferase in a baculovirus system. The purified protein contains zinc. 
  • High levels of glucose stimulate angiotensinogen gene expression via the P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in rat kidney proximal tubular cells. 
  • High mobility group box chromosomal protein 1: a novel proinflammatory mediator in synovitis. 
  • High ratio of synaptic excitation to synaptic inhibition in hilar ectopic granule cells of pilocarpine-treated rats. 
  • High yield reproducible rat model recapitulating human Barrett's carcinogenesis. 
  • High-affinity binding of [3H]acetylcholine to muscarinic cholinergic receptors. 
  • High-dose alendronate uncouples osteoclast and osteoblast function: a study in a rat spine pseudarthrosis model. 
  • High-dose fentanyl does not adversely affect outcome from forebrain ischemia in the rat. 
  • High-dose, but not low-dose, aspirin impairs anticontractile effect of ticagrelor following ADP stimulation in rat tail artery smooth muscle cells. 
  • High-fat diet changes the temporal profile of GLP-1 receptor-mediated hypophagia in rats. 
  • High-field MR microscopy using fast spin-echoes. 
  • High-frequency organization and synchrony of activity in the purkinje cell layer of the cerebellum. 
  • High-frequency stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus reverses limb-use asymmetry in rats with unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesions. 
  • High-performance liquid chromatography method for quantifying sphingomyelin in rat brain. 
  • High-protein feeding stimulates renal thromboxane production in rats with streptozocin-induced diabetes. 
  • High-resolution imaging of progressive articular cartilage degeneration. 
  • High-strength, surface-porous polyether-ether-ketone for load-bearing orthopedic implants. 
  • High-threshold Ca2+ currents in rat hippocampal interneurones and their selective inhibition by activation of GABA(B) receptors. 
  • High-throughput identification of IMCD proteins using LC-MS/MS. 
  • Highly conductive carbon nanotube matrix accelerates developmental chloride extrusion in central nervous system neurons by increased expression of chloride transporter KCC2. 
  • Highly photostable fluorescent labeling of proteins in live cells using exchangeable coiled coils heterodimerization. 
  • Hippocampal afterdischarges and their post-ictal sequelae in rats: a potential tool for assessment of CNS neurotoxicity. 
  • Hippocampal afterdischarges and their post-ictal sequelae in rats: effects of carbon monoxide hypoxia. 
  • Hippocampal alpha 7 and alpha 4 beta 2 nicotinic receptors and working memory. 
  • Hippocampal epileptiform activity induced by magnesium-free medium: differences between areas CA1 and CA2-3. 
  • Hippocampal infusions of MARCKS peptides impair memory of rats on the radial-arm maze. 
  • Hippocampal infusions of apolipoprotein E peptides induce long-lasting cognitive impairment. 
  • Hippocampal interneurons expressing glutamic acid decarboxylase and calcium-binding proteins decrease with aging in Fischer 344 rats. 
  • Hippocampal long-term potentiation and spatial learning in the rat: effects of GABAB receptor blockade. 
  • Hippocampal long-term potentiation is normal in heme oxygenase-2 mutant mice. 
  • Hippocampal mossy fiber sprouting and synapse formation after status epilepticus in rats: visualization after retrograde transport of biocytin. 
  • Hippocampal programmed cell death after status epilepticus: evidence for NMDA-receptor and ceramide-mediated mechanisms. 
  • Histamine H(1) antagonist treatment with pyrilamine reduces nicotine self-administration in rats. 
  • Histamine H1 receptor involvement in prepulse inhibition and memory function: relevance for the antipsychotic actions of clozapine. 
  • Histamine stimulates brain phospholipid turnover through a direct, H-1 receptor-mediated mechanism. 
  • Histamine-, norepinephrine-, and dopamine-sensitive central adenylate cyclases: effects of chlorpromazine derivatives and butaclamol. 
  • Histochemical evidence of altered development of cholinergic fibers in the rat dentate gyrus following lesions. I. Time course after complete unilateral entorhinal lesion at various ages. 
  • Histochemical evidence of altered development of cholinergic fibers in the rat dentate gyrus following lesions. II. Effects of partial entorhinal and simultaneous multiple lesions. 
  • Histological demonstration of muscle spindles in the tongue of the rat. 
  • Histones of rat testis chromatin during early postnatal development and their interactions with DNA. 
  • Histopathologic features of rejecting orthotopic corneal xenografts. 
  • Homer: a protein that selectively binds metabotropic glutamate receptors. 
  • Homo- and hetero-oligomerization of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) receptor subtypes. Differential regulation of beta-arrestins 1 and 2. 
  • Homocystine uptake in isolated rat renal cortical tubules. 
  • Homogeneous reporter system enables quantitative functional assessment of multiple transcription factors. 
  • Homologous desensitization of the beta-adrenergic receptor. Functional integrity of the desensitized receptor from mammalian lung. 
  • Homology analysis of the protein sequences of fatty acid synthases from chicken liver, rat mammary gland, and yeast. 
  • Hormonal control of angiotensinogen production. 
  • Hormonal modulation of the cutaneous initiation of lordosis in infant and adult rats. 
  • Hormonal regulation of androgen-binding protein in hypophysectomized rats. 
  • Hormonal regulation of male-specific rat hepatic cytochrome P-450g (P-450IIC13) by androgens and the pituitary. 
  • Host response to microgel coatings on neural electrodes implanted in the brain. 
  • Hub GABA neurons mediate gamma-frequency oscillations at ictal-like event onset in the immature hippocampus. 
  • Huddling and independent feeding of neonatal rats can be facilitated by a conditioned change in behavioral state. 
  • Human B cell alloantigens: expression of MB and MT determinants. 
  • Human Cartilage-Derived Progenitors Resist Terminal Differentiation and Require CXCR4 Activation to Successfully Bridge Meniscus Tissue Tears. 
  • Human Erbb2-induced Erk activity robustly stimulates cycling and functional remodeling of rat and human cardiomyocytes. 
  • Human Umbilical Tissue-Derived Cells Promote Synapse Formation and Neurite Outgrowth via Thrombospondin Family Proteins. 
  • Human alfentanil metabolism by cytochrome P450 3A3/4. An explanation for the interindividual variability in alfentanil clearance? 
  • Human and rat mast cell high-affinity immunoglobulin E receptors: characterization of putative alpha-chain gene products. 
  • Human and rat peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs) demonstrate similar tissue distribution but different responsiveness to PPAR activators. 
  • Human casein kinase Idelta phosphorylation of human circadian clock proteins period 1 and 2. 
  • Human catechol-O-methyltransferase haplotypes modulate protein expression by altering mRNA secondary structure. 
  • Human chorionic gonadotropin increases the concentration of macrophages in neonatal rat testis. 
  • Human liver microsomal enflurane defluorination catalyzed by cytochrome P-450 2E1. 
  • Human neural stem cell transplants improve motor function in a rat model of Huntington's disease. 
  • Human nonsyndromic hereditary deafness DFNA17 is due to a mutation in nonmuscle myosin MYH9. 
  • Human placental lactogen infusions into the medial preoptic area stimulate maternal behavior in steroid-primed, nulliparous female rats. 
  • Human platelet-derived growth factor preparations contain a separate activity which potentiates follicle-stimulating hormone-mediated induction of luteinizing hormone receptor in cultured rat granulosa cells: evidence for transforming growth factor-beta. 
  • Human recombinant erythropoietin (rEpo) has no effect on tumour growth or angiogenesis. 
  • Human recombinant erythropoietin significantly improves tumor oxygenation independent of its effects on hemoglobin. 
  • Human skin chymotryptic proteinase. Isolation and relation to cathepsin g and rat mast cell proteinase I. 
  • Human sterile alpha motif domain 9, a novel gene identified as down-regulated in aggressive fibromatosis, is absent in the mouse. 
  • Human type 2 angiotensin II receptor gene: cloned, mapped to the X chromosome, and its mRNA is expressed in the human lung. 
  • Humoral rejection of rat hepatic transplants by passive transfer of serum. 
  • Hydrogel-based three-dimensional matrix for neural cells. 
  • Hydrogen peroxide production by monoamine oxidase during ischemia-reperfusion in the rat brain. 
  • Hydrolyzed fumonisins HFB1 and HFB2 are acylated in vitro and in vivo by ceramide synthase to form cytotoxic N-acyl-metabolites. 
  • Hydrostatic pressure reduces thrombogenicity of polytetrafluoroethylene vascular grafts. 
  • Hydroxyl radical production in the brain after CO hypoxia in rats. 
  • Hyperacidity and hypergastrinemia following extensive intestinal resection. 
  • Hyperacute rejection of liver transplants in rats. 
  • Hyperbaric oxygen as a chemotherapy adjuvant in the treatment of metastatic lung tumors in a rat model. 
  • Hyperbaric oxygen improves tumor radiation response significantly more than carbogen/nicotinamide. 
  • Hyperbaric oxygen reduces cerebral blood flow by inactivating nitric oxide. 
  • Hypercalciuria due to combined growth hormone and calcitriol therapy in uremia: effects of growth hormone on mineral homeostasis in 75% nephrectomized weanling rats. 
  • Hypercholesterolemia in rats with chronic renal insufficiency not aggravated by recombinant human growth hormone. 
  • Hyperglycemia induces insulin resistance on angiotensinogen gene expression in diabetic rat kidney proximal tubular cells. 
  • Hyperimmune human IgG or recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor as adjunctive therapy for group B streptococcal sepsis in newborn rats. 
  • Hyperphagia and increased fat accumulation in two models of chronic CNS glucagon-like peptide-1 loss of function. 
  • Hyperpolarization induces a long-term increase in the spontaneous firing rate of cerebellar Golgi cells. 
  • Hyperpolarized 3He microspheres as a novel vascular signal source for MRI. 
  • Hyperresponsiveness to methylphenidate in rats following prenatal ethanol exposure. 
  • Hypertension and cardiovascular hypertrophy during chronic catecholamine infusion in rats. 
  • Hypertension is critically dependent on the carotid body input in the spontaneously hypertensive rat. 
  • Hyperthermic effects on behavior. 
  • Hypertriglyceridemia in Dahl rats: effect of sodium intake and gender. 
  • Hypertrophic remodeling: gender differences in the early response to left ventricular pressure overload. 
  • Hypertrophy of basal forebrain neurons and enhanced visuospatial memory in perinatally choline-supplemented rats. 
  • Hypervitaminosis A and tissue fatty acids. 
  • Hypolipidemic activity of boronated nucleosides and nucleotides in rodents. 
  • Hypolipidemic activity of tetrakis-mu-(trimethylamine-boranecarboxylato)-bis(trimethylamin e- carboxyborane)-dicopper(II) in rodents and its effect on lipid metabolism. 
  • Hypotensive effect of clonidine is not mediated by enhanced baroreflex gain in rats. 
  • Hypothalamic astrocytes respond to transforming growth factor-alpha with the secretion of neuroactive substances that stimulate the release of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone. 
  • Hypothermia reduces the propensity of cortical tissue to propagate direct current depolarizations in the rat. 
  • Hypothermic reperfusion after cardiac arrest augments brain-derived neurotrophic factor activation. 
  • Hypothermic treatment restores glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP78) expression in ischemic brain. 
  • Hypothesis testing for neural cell growth experiments using a hybrid branching process model. 
  • Hypothyroidism modulates beta adrenergic receptor adenylate cyclase interactions in rat reticulocytes. 
  • Hypoxanthine uptake in isolated rat renal cortical tubule fragments. 
  • Hypoxia decreases creatine uptake in cardiomyocytes, while creatine supplementation enhances HIF activation. 
  • Hypoxia inducible factor 1alpha signaling in fractionated radiation-induced lung injury: role of oxidative stress and tissue hypoxia. 
  • Hypoxia modulates nitric oxide-induced regulation of NMDA receptor currents and neuronal cell death. 
  • Hypoxia of the growing liver accelerates regeneration. 
  • Hypoxia-regulated therapeutic gene as a preemptive treatment strategy against ischemia/reperfusion tissue injury. 
  • Hypoxic cell death is reduced by pH buffering in a model of engineered heart tissue. 
  • IFATS collection: Adipose-derived stromal cells improve the foreign body response. 
  • IGF2 is critical for tumorigenesis by synovial sarcoma oncoprotein SYT-SSX1. 
  • IL-13 and IL-1beta promote lung fibroblast growth through coordinated up-regulation of PDGF-AA and PDGF-Ralpha. 
  • IQGAP1, a novel vascular endothelial growth factor receptor binding protein, is involved in reactive oxygen species--dependent endothelial migration and proliferation. 
  • ITF-2, a downstream target of the Wnt/TCF pathway, is activated in human cancers with beta-catenin defects and promotes neoplastic transformation. 
  • IV nicotine self-administration in rats using the consummatory operant licking response. 
  • Idazoxan blocks the nicotine-induced reversal of the memory impairment caused by the NMDA glutamate receptor antagonist dizocilpine. 
  • Identification and cell type specificity of the tyrosine hydroxylase gene promoter. 
  • Identification and characterization of two Ca2+/CaM-dependent protein kinases required for normal nuclear division in Aspergillus nidulans. 
  • Identification and functional characterization of a stable, centrally active derivative of the neurotensin (8-13) fragment as a potential first-in-class analgesic. 
  • Identification and regulation of alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors. 
  • Identification and sequence of the initiation site for rat 45S ribosomal RNA synthesis. 
  • Identification in rat bile of glutathione conjugates of fluoromethyl 2,2-difluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)vinyl ether, a nephrotoxic degradate of the anesthetic agent sevoflurane. 
  • Identification of IgG1 isotype phosphorylcholine antibodies for the treatment of inflammatory cardiovascular diseases. 
  • Identification of NSF as a beta-arrestin1-binding protein. Implications for beta2-adrenergic receptor regulation. 
  • Identification of a 20,000-dalton protein in SSV-transformed nonproducer cells. 
  • Identification of a binding motif in the S5 helix that confers cholesterol sensitivity to the TRPV1 ion channel. 
  • Identification of a brain- and reproductive-organs-specific gene responsive to DNA damage and retinoic acid. 
  • Identification of a nonbasic, nitrile-containing cathepsin K inhibitor (MK-1256) that is efficacious in a monkey model of osteoporosis. 
  • Identification of a novel cell attachment domain in the HIV-1 Tat protein and its 90-kDa cell surface binding protein. 
  • Identification of a novel malonyl-CoA IC(50) for CPT-I: implications for predicting in vivo fatty acid oxidation rates. 
  • Identification of a peripheral nerve neurite growth-promoting activity by development and use of an in vitro bioassay. 
  • Identification of a rat glomerular mesangial cell mitogenic 5-HT2A receptor. 
  • Identification of a small molecule that stimulates human β-cell proliferation and insulin secretion, and protects against cytotoxic stress in rat insulinoma cells. 
  • Identification of a somatodendritic targeting signal in the cytoplasmic domain of the transferrin receptor. 
  • Identification of a synaptic vesicle-specific membrane protein with a wide distribution in neuronal and neurosecretory tissue. 
  • Identification of acetylcholine receptors in adult rat trigeminal ganglion neurons. 
  • Identification of an alternate promoter in the rat androgen-binding protein/sex hormone-binding globulin gene that regulates synthesis of a messenger RNA encoding a protein with altered function. 
  • Identification of an inhibitory circuit that regulates cerebellar Golgi cell activity. 
  • Identification of calcium oxalate crystals using alizarin red S stain. 
  • Identification of cellular protein phosphatase-1 regulators. 
  • Identification of cytochrome P450 2E1 as the predominant enzyme catalyzing human liver microsomal defluorination of sevoflurane, isoflurane, and methoxyflurane. 
  • Identification of epsilon-N-trimethyllysine in a rat testis calcium-dependent regulatory protein of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase. 
  • Identification of high-affinity calmodulin-binding proteins in rat liver. 
  • Identification of human and rodent thymic epithelium using tetanus toxin and monoclonal antibody A2B5. 
  • Identification of in vitro rat metabolites of 1-phenylcyclohexene. 
  • Identification of monomeric alpha-macroglobulin proteinase inhibitors in birds, reptiles, amphibians and mammals, and purification and characterization of a monomeric alpha-macroglobulin proteinase inhibitor from the American bullfrog Rana catesbeiana. 
  • Identification of n-hydroxy acid metabolites in electron impact ionization mass spectrometry. 
  • Identification of negative and positive regulatory elements in the human renin gene. 
  • Identification of nonsulfated cholecystokinin-58 in canine intestinal extracts and its biological properties. 
  • Identification of phosphorylation sites in the translational regulator, PHAS-I, that are controlled by insulin and rapamycin in rat adipocytes. 
  • Identification of potassium-dependent and -independent components of the apoptotic machinery in mouse ovarian germ cells and granulosa cells. 
  • Identification of potential regulatory regions in the renin gene. 
  • Identification of protein phosphatase-1-binding proteins by microcystin-biotin affinity chromatography. 
  • Identification of rat yolk sac target protein of teratogenic antibodies, gp280, as intrinsic factor-cobalamin receptor. 
  • Identification of renin and angiotensinogen messenger RNA sequences in mouse and rat brains. 
  • Identification of renin and renin-like enzymes in rat brain by a renin-specific antibody. 
  • Identification of residues in alpha-macroglobulins involved in activation of the alpha 2-macroglobulin signaling receptor. 
  • Identification of resting cells by dual-parameter flow cytometry of statin expression and DNA content. 
  • Identification of the components controlling inactivation of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels. 
  • Identification of the segments of the mouse transferrin receptor 1 required for mouse mammary tumor virus infection. 
  • Identification of the subunit structure of rat pineal adrenergic receptors by photoaffinity labeling. 
  • Identification of the yeast cytidine deaminase CDD1 as an orphan C-->U RNA editase. 
  • Identification of three protein kinases which phosphorylate threonyl-tRNA synthetase from rat liver. 
  • Identification of two calcium channel receptor sites for [3H]nitrendipine in mammalian cardiac and smooth muscle membrane. 
  • Identification of two subpopulations of rat monocytes expressing disparate molecular forms and quantities of CD43. 
  • Identity of a pathway for saccadic suppression. 
  • Imaging alveolar-capillary gas transfer using hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI. 
  • Imaging methods for morphological and functional phenotyping of the rodent heart. 
  • Imaging nanoprobe for prediction of outcome of nanoparticle chemotherapy by using mammography. 
  • Imaging techniques for small animal models of pulmonary disease: MR microscopy. 
  • Imbalances emerge in cardiac autonomic cell signaling after neonatal exposure to terbutaline or chlorpyrifos, alone or in combination. 
  • Imidacloprid induces neurobehavioral deficits and increases expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein in the motor cortex and hippocampus in offspring rats following in utero exposure. 
  • Imidazo[4,5-d]thiazolo[5,4-b]pyridine based inhibitors of IKK2: synthesis, SAR, PK/PD and activity in a preclinical model of rheumatoid arthritis. 
  • Immediate and simultaneous sensory reorganization at cortical and subcortical levels of the somatosensory system. 
  • Immediate decline in DNA synthesis in neonatal rat lung caused by exposure to 100% oxygen. 
  • Immediate early gene expression in axotomized and regenerating retinal ganglion cells of the adult rat. 
  • Immediate early gene expression to examine neuronal activity following acute and chronic stressors in rat pups: examination of neurophysiological alterations underlying behavioral consequences of prenatal cocaine exposure. 
  • Immediate thalamic sensory plasticity depends on corticothalamic feedback. 
  • Immortalized rat proximal tubule cell lines expressing components of the renin-angiotensin system. 
  • Immortalized rat proximal tubule cells produce membrane bound and soluble megalin. 
  • Immune competence of germ-free rats. I. Increased responsiveness to transplantation and other antigens. 
  • Immune modulatory oligonucleotides in prevention of nasal allergen-induced Eustachian tube dysfunction in rats. 
  • Immune modulatory oligonucleotides in the prevention and treatment of OVA-induced eustachian tube dysfunction in rats. 
  • Immune surveillance by mast cells during dengue infection promotes natural killer (NK) and NKT-cell recruitment and viral clearance. 
  • Immunity to MHC class I antigen after direct DNA transfer into skeletal muscle. 
  • Immunobiology of primary intracranial tumors. 
  • Immunodiagnosis of tumors in vivo using radiolabeled monoclonal antibody A2B5. 
  • Immunoengineering nerve repair. 
  • Immunohistochemical evidence of seizure-induced activation of trk receptors in the mossy fiber pathway of adult rat hippocampus. 
  • Immunohistochemical localization of ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor alpha expression in the rat nervous system. 
  • Immunolocalization of PKC zeta in rat photoreceptor inner segments. 
  • Immunologic consequences of acute ethanol ingestion in rats. 
  • Immunologic suppression mediated by genetically modified hepatocytes expressing secreted allo-MHC class I molecules. 
  • Immunological approach to the study of hormone action: regulation of the phosphorylation state of protein phosphatase inhibitor-1 by hormones. 
  • Immunological consequences of transplanting rat insulinomas. 
  • Immunoneutralization of nerve growth factor in lumbosacral spinal cord reduces bladder hyperreflexia in spinal cord injured rats. 
  • Immunoreactivity to calcitonin gene-related peptide in the superior olivary complex and cochlea of cat and rat. 
  • Immunosuppressive effects of an HLA class I-derived peptide in a rat cardiac allograft model. 
  • Immunotherapy of cancer using cytokine gene-modified tumor vaccines. 
  • Immunotherapy of malignant brain tumors. 
  • Impact of acute nicotine exposure on monoaminergic systems in adolescent and adult male and female rats. 
  • Impact of adolescent nicotine exposure on adenylyl cyclase-mediated cell signaling: enzyme induction, neurotransmitter-specific effects, regional selectivities, and the role of withdrawal. 
  • Impact of chemical proportions on the acute neurotoxicity of a mixture of seven carbamates in preweanling and adult rats. 
  • Impact of different forms of recipient antigen and different routes of antigen administration in donor pretreatment for preventing graft-versus-host disease in rat small bowel transplantation. 
  • Impact of fetal nicotine exposure on development of rat brain regions: critical sensitive periods or effects of withdrawal? 
  • Impact of intestinal electrical stimulation on nutrient-induced GLP-1 secretion in vivo. 
  • Impact of intracellular hemin on N-type inactivation of voltage-gated K+ channels. 
  • Impact of prostatic radiation therapy on bladder contractility and innervation. 
  • Impaired Myelination in rats given excess vitamin A postnatally. 
  • Impaired active avoidance responding in rats selectively bred for increased cholinergic function. 
  • Impaired cardiac function during postnatal hypoxia in rats exposed to nicotine prenatally: implications for perinatal morbidity and mortality, and for sudden infant death syndrome. 
  • Impaired development of central and peripheral catecholamine neurotransmitter systems in preweanling rats treated with alpha-difluoromethylornithine, a specific irreversible inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase. 
  • Impaired development of cerebellar cortex in rats treated postnatally with alpha-difluoromethylornithine. 
  • Impaired firing and sodium channel function in CA1 hippocampal interneurons after transient cerebral ischemia. 
  • Impaired gastric motor activity after abdominal surgery in rats. 
  • Impaired growth and force production in skeletal muscles of young partially pancreatectomized rats: a model of adolescent type 1 diabetic myopathy? 
  • Impaired volume regulation is the mechanism of excitotoxic sensitization to complement. 
  • Impairment of radial-arm maze performance in rats following lesions involving the cholinergic medial pathway: reversal by arecoline and differential effects of muscarinic and nicotinic antagonists. 
  • Imparied maze performance in the rat caused by trimethyltin treatment: problem-solving deficits and perseveration. 
  • Imparied maze performance in the rat caused by trimethyltin treatment: problem-solving deficits and perseveration. 
  • Implanted coil MR microscopy of renal pathology. 
  • Implanted neural electrodes cause chronic, local inflammation that is correlated with local neurodegeneration. 
  • Importance of an intact growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor 1 axis for normal post-infarction healing: studies in dwarf rats. 
  • Importance of voltage-dependent inactivation in N-type calcium channel regulation by G-proteins. 
  • Improved bladder emptying in urinary retention by electrical stimulation of pudendal afferents 
  • Improved microsurgical anastomotic patency with low molecular weight heparin. 
  • Improved nerve regeneration through piezoelectric vinylidenefluoride-trifluoroethylene copolymer guidance channels. 
  • Improved synthesis and metabolic stability analysis of the dopamine transporter ligand [(18)F]FECT. 
  • Improved tolerance to ischemia in hypertrophied myocardium by preischemic enhancement of adenosine triphosphate. 
  • Improvement of attentional function with antagonism of nicotinic receptors in female rats. 
  • Improving endothelial cell adhesion to vascular graft surfaces: clinical need and strategies. 
  • Improving interstitial transport of macromolecules through reduction in cell volume fraction in tumor tissues. 
  • Improving post-intensive care unit neuropsychiatric outcomes: understanding cognitive effects of physical activity. 
  • Improving temporal resolution of pulmonary perfusion imaging in rats using the partially separable functions model. 
  • In Vitro and In Vivo Models to Study Corneal Endothelial-mesenchymal Transition. 
  • In Vivo Evaluation of White Matter Integrity and Anterograde Transport in Visual System After Excitotoxic Retinal Injury With Multimodal MRI and OCT. 
  • In Vivo Measurements Reveal that Both Low- and High-frequency Spinal Cord Stimulation Heterogeneously Modulate Superficial Dorsal Horn Neurons. 
  • In cardiomyocyte hypoxia, insulin-like growth factor-I-induced antiapoptotic signaling requires phosphatidylinositol-3-OH-kinase-dependent and mitogen-activated protein kinase-dependent activation of the transcription factor cAMP response element-binding protein. 
  • In search of a mechanism for receptor-mediated neurobehavioral teratogenesis by nicotine: catecholamine release by nicotine in immature rat brain regions. 
  • In situ and systemic cellular immunity associated with orthotopic rat liver allograft acceptance or rejection. 
  • In situ cryofixation of kidney for electron probe X-ray microanalysis. 
  • In situ detection of neoplastic transformation and chemopreventive effects in rat esophagus epithelium using angle-resolved low-coherence interferometry. 
  • In situ gelling hydrogels for conformal repair of spinal cord defects, and local delivery of BDNF after spinal cord injury. 
  • In situ hybridization analysis of osmotic stimulus-induced changes in ribosomal RNA in rat supraoptic nucleus. 
  • In situ hybridization detection of estradiol-induced changes in ribosomal RNA levels in rat brain. 
  • In situ hybridization evidence for angiotensinogen messenger RNA in the rat proximal tubule. An hypothesis for the intrarenal renin angiotensin system. 
  • In situ magnetic resonance microscopy. 
  • In situ nuclear morphology measurements using light scattering as biomarkers of neoplastic change in animal models of carcinogenesis. 
  • In the face of chronic aspiration, prolonged ischemic time exacerbates obliterative bronchiolitis in rat pulmonary allografts. 
  • In the rat, chronic intermittent ethanol exposure during adolescence alters the ethanol sensitivity of tonic inhibition in adulthood. 
  • In utero exposure to nicotine and chlorpyrifos alone, and in combination produces persistent sensorimotor deficits and Purkinje neuron loss in the cerebellum of adult offspring rats. 
  • In utero transplantation of rat hematopoietic stem cells induces xenogeneic chimerism in mice. 
  • In vitro and in vivo characterization of porous poly-L-lactic acid coatings for subcutaneously implanted glucose sensors. 
  • In vitro and in vivo evaluation of dihydropyrimidinone C-5 amides as potent and selective alpha(1A) receptor antagonists for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. 
  • In vitro characterization of 6-[18F]fluoro-A-85380, a high-affinity ligand for alpha4beta2* nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. 
  • In vitro cytotoxicity of silver nanoparticles in primary rat hepatic stellate cells. 
  • In vitro effects of polyglutamine tracts on Ca2+-dependent depolarization of rat and human mitochondria: relevance to Huntington's disease. 
  • In vitro electrophoresis and in vivo electrophysiology of peripheral nerve using DC field stimulation. 
  • In vitro evaluation of dimethane sulfonate analogues with potential alkylating activity and selective renal cell carcinoma cytotoxicity. 
  • In vitro interleukin-6 treatment prevents mortality associated with fatty liver transplants in rats. 
  • In vitro investigation of the hepatobiliary disposition mechanisms of the antifungal agent micafungin in humans and rats. 
  • In vitro metabolism of 10-(3-chlorophenyl)-6,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[b][1,8]naphthyridin-5(7H)- one, a topical antipsoriatic agent. Use of precision-cut rat, dog, monkey and human liver slices, and chemical synthesis of metabolites. 
  • In vitro metabolism of the COX-2 inhibitor DFU, including a novel glutathione adduct rearomatization. 
  • In vitro metabolism of the brominated flame retardants 2-ethylhexyl-2,3,4,5-tetrabromobenzoate (TBB) and bis(2-ethylhexyl) 2,3,4,5-tetrabromophthalate (TBPH) in human and rat tissues. 
  • In vitro model of glial scarring around neuroelectrodes chronically implanted in the CNS. 
  • In vitro models reveal differences in the developmental neurotoxicity of an environmental polycylic aromatic hydrocarbon mixture compared to benzo[a]pyrene: Neuronotypic PC12 Cells and embryonic neural stem cells. 
  • In vitro modulation of endogenous rhythms by AC electric fields: Syncing with clinical brain stimulation. 
  • In vitro phagocytosis and intracellular fate of variously encapsulated strains of Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • In vitro properties of neurons in the rat pretectal nucleus of the optic tract. 
  • In vitro reconstitution of demolybdosulfite oxidase by a molybdenum cofactor from rat liver and other sources. 
  • In vitro reconstitution of demolybdosulfite oxidase by molybdate. 
  • In vitro secretion and uptake of radioactive vitamin A in rats fed different dietary proteins. 
  • In vitro toxicology of fumonisins and the mechanistic implications. 
  • In vitro transcriptional studies of the roles of the thyroid hormone (T3) response elements and minimal promoters in T3-stimulated gene transcription. 
  • In vivo MR imaging of pulmonary perfusion and gas exchange in rats via continuous extracorporeal infusion of hyperpolarized 129Xe. 
  • In vivo MRI using real-time production of hyperpolarized 129Xe. 
  • In vivo acylation of triglycerides and phosphoglycerides of liver subcellular fractions with palmitate-1-14C in rats fed vitamin A. 
  • In vivo and in vitro binding of iodinated monoclonal antibody A2B5 to RIN insulinoma cells. 
  • In vivo and in vitro effects of acute graft-versus-host serum in the rat. 
  • In vivo assessment of left ventricular remodelling after myocardial infarction by digital video contrast angiography in the rat. 
  • In vivo binding of carbon monoxide to cytochrome c oxidase in rat brain. 
  • In vivo biosynthesis of arginine vasopressin and oxytocin in hypothalami from intact and hypophysectomized rats. 
  • In vivo commitment and functional tissue regeneration using human embryonic stem cell-derived mesenchymal cells. 
  • In vivo cytokine-associated responses to biomaterials. 
  • In vivo diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance microscopy of rat spinal cord: effect of ischemia and intrathecal hyperbaric 5% lidocaine. 
  • In vivo effect of human growth hormone on hepatic adenylate cyclase activity. 
  • In vivo evidence of the specificity of effects of GABA(A) receptor modulating medications. 
  • In vivo imaging of epileptic activity using 2-NBDG, a fluorescent deoxyglucose analog. 
  • In vivo imaging of intracranial human glioma xenografts comparing specific with nonspecific radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies. 
  • In vivo imaging of rat coronary arteries using bi-plane digital subtraction angiography. 
  • In vivo magnetic resonance vascular imaging using laser-polarized 3He microbubbles. 
  • In vivo measurement of proton diffusion in the presence of coherent motion. 
  • In vivo models of cerebral ischemia: effects of parenterally administered NMDA receptor glycine site antagonists. 
  • In vivo modulation of norepinephrine-induced cerebral oxygenation states by hypoxia and hyperoxia. 
  • In vivo monitoring of tissue pharmacokinetics of liposome/drug using MRI: illustration of targeted delivery. 
  • In vivo profile of ICA-27243 [N-(6-chloro-pyridin-3-yl)-3,4-difluoro-benzamide], a potent and selective KCNQ2/Q3 (Kv7.2/Kv7.3) activator in rodent anticonvulsant models. 
  • In vivo quantification of excitation and kilohertz frequency block of the rat vagus nerve. 
  • In vivo quantification of liver stiffness in a rat model of hepatic fibrosis with acoustic radiation force. 
  • In vivo regulation of [3H]acetylcholine recognition sites in brain by nicotinic cholinergic drugs. 
  • In vivo study of microvascular wall characteristics and resting control in young and mature spontaneously hypertensive rats. 
  • In-transit melanoma: the role of alkylating-agent resistance in regional therapy. 
  • Inactivation of dorsolateral striatum enhances sensitivity to changes in the action-outcome contingency in instrumental conditioning. 
  • Inactivation of the tumour suppressor, PTEN, in smooth muscle promotes a pro-inflammatory phenotype and enhances neointima formation. 
  • Inactivation, Clearance, and Functional Effects of Lung-Instilled Short and Long Silver Nanowires in Rats. 
  • Incorporation of biotinylated SP-A into rat lung surfactant layer, type II cells, and clara cells. 
  • Incorporation of palmitate-1-14C into liver lipids of rats fed millet (Sorghum vulgarie) at different protein levels. 
  • Incorporation of tyrosine and glutamine residues into the soluble guanylate cyclase heme distal pocket alters NO and O2 binding. 
  • Increase in PDX-1 levels suppresses insulin gene expression in RIN 1046-38 cells. 
  • Increased biodiversity in the environment improves the humoral response of rats. 
  • Increased blood-brain barrier permeability and altered tight junctions in experimental diabetes in the rat: contribution of hyperglycaemia and matrix metalloproteinases. 
  • Increased dendritic extent in hippocampal CA1 neurons from aged F344 rats. 
  • Increased dentate granule cell neurogenesis following amygdala kindling in the adult rat. 
  • Increased dietary fat attenuates the anorexic effects of intracerebroventricular injections of MTII. 
  • Increased expression of 5-HT₆ receptors in dorsolateral striatum decreases habitual lever pressing, but does not affect learning acquisition of simple operant tasks in rats. 
  • Increased expression of Nox1 in neointimal smooth muscle cells promotes activation of matrix metalloproteinase-9. 
  • Increased expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor induces formation of basal dendrites and axonal branching in dentate granule cells in hippocampal explant cultures. 
  • Increased expression of carbon monoxide-producing enzymes in the MPOA after sexual experience in male rats. 
  • Increased expression of estrogen receptor beta in pachytene spermatocytes after short-term methoxyacetic acid administration. 
  • Increased expression of galanin in the rat superior cervical ganglion after pre- and postganglionic nerve lesions. 
  • Increased expression of the 5-HT6 receptor by viral mediated gene transfer into posterior but not anterior dorsomedial striatum interferes with acquisition of a discrete action-outcome task. 
  • Increased glucose disposal induced by adenovirus-mediated transfer of glucokinase to skeletal muscle in vivo. 
  • Increased hypothalamic [3H]flunitrazepam binding in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis hyporesponsive Lewis rats. 
  • Increased hypothermic responses to ethanol in rats selectively bred for cholinergic supersensitivity. 
  • Increased ileal proglucagon expression after jejunectomy is not suppressed by inhibition of bowel growth. 
  • Increased in vivo glucose recovery via nitric oxide release. 
  • Increased microvascular permeability contributes to preferential accumulation of Stealth liposomes in tumor tissue. 
  • Increased nicotine self-administration following prenatal exposure in female rats. 
  • Increased rat cardiac angiotensin converting enzyme activity and mRNA expression in pressure overload left ventricular hypertrophy. Effects on coronary resistance, contractility, and relaxation. 
  • Increased renal dopamine and acute renal adaptation to a high-phosphate diet. 
  • Increased sensitivity to mu opiate antinociception in the neonatal rat despite weaker receptor-guanyl nucleotide binding protein coupling. 
  • Increased signs of acute rejection with ischemic time in a rat musculocutaneous allotransplant model. 
  • Increased survival of skin flaps by scavengers of superoxide radical. 
  • Increased susceptibility to in vitro transformation of cells carrying the Eker tumor susceptibility mutation. 
  • Increased training loads do not magnify cancellous bone gains with rodent jump resistance exercise. 
  • Increases in ribosomal RNA within the denervated neuropil of the dentate gyrus during reinnervation: evaluation by in situ hybridization using DNA probes complementary to ribosomal RNA. 
  • Increasing O-GlcNAcylation is neuroprotective in young and aged brains after ischemic stroke. 
  • Independent beta-arrestin 2 and G protein-mediated pathways for angiotensin II activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2. 
  • Independent beta-arrestin2 and Gq/protein kinase Czeta pathways for ERK stimulated by angiotensin type 1A receptors in vascular smooth muscle cells converge on transactivation of the epidermal growth factor receptor. 
  • Independent component analyses for quantifying neuronal ensemble interactions. 
  • Indiplon is a high-affinity positive allosteric modulator with selectivity for alpha1 subunit-containing GABAA receptors. 
  • Indirect and direct inhibition of dopamine beta-hydroxylase by amphetamine in storage vesicles and synaptosomes. 
  • Individual and combined effects of TrkA and p75NTR nerve growth factor receptors. A role for the high affinity receptor site. 
  • Individual differences in cocaine conditioned taste aversion are developmentally stable and independent of locomotor effects of cocaine. 
  • Individual differences in psychostimulant responses of female rats are associated with ovarian hormones and dopamine neuroanatomy. 
  • Individual variation and lateral asymmetry of the rat primary somatosensory cortex. 
  • Indoxyl sulfate down-regulates SLCO4C1 transporter through up-regulation of GATA3. 
  • Induction and reversal of long-term potentiation by low- and high-intensity theta pattern stimulation. 
  • Induction and reversal of long-term potentiation by low- and high-intensity theta pattern stimulation. 
  • Induction by leptin of uncoupling protein-2 and enzymes of fatty acid oxidation. 
  • Induction of CB1 cannabinoid receptor by inflammation in primary afferent neurons facilitates antihyperalgesic effect of peripheral CB1 agonist. 
  • Induction of ERK1/2 and histone H3 phosphorylation within the outer stripe of the outer medulla of the Eker rat by 2,3,5-tris-(glutathion-S-yl)hydroquinone. 
  • Induction of an antiinflammatory effect and prevention of cartilage damage in rat knee osteoarthritis by CF101 treatment. 
  • Induction of angiotensin converting enzyme in the neointima after vascular injury. Possible role in restenosis. 
  • Induction of anti-myelin antibodies in EAE and their possible role in demyelination. 
  • Induction of apoptotic cell death and prevention of tumor growth by ceramide analogues in metastatic human colon cancer. 
  • Induction of arginase isoforms in the lung during hyperoxia. 
  • Induction of bladder sphincter dyssynergia by kappa-2 opioid receptor agonists in the female rat. 
  • Induction of c-fos expression in the rostral medulla of rats following electroacupuncture stimulation. 
  • Induction of c-fos mRNA by kindled seizures: complex relationship with neuronal burst firing. 
  • Induction of c-fos mRNA expression by afterdischarge in the hippocampus of naive and kindled rats. 
  • Induction of clusterin in acute and chronic oxidative renal disease in the rat and its dissociation from cell injury. 
  • Induction of cytochrome P-450 and phosphatidylcholine synthesis by endosulfan in liver of rats: effect of quality of dietary proteins. 
  • Induction of cytochrome P-450 isozymes by hexachlorobenzene in rats and aromatic hydrocarbon (Ah)-responsive mice. 
  • Induction of epileptiform activity in hippocampal slices by trains of electrical stimuli. 
  • Induction of ferritin and heme oxygenase-1 by endotoxin in the lung. 
  • Induction of hepatic drug metabolizing enzymes by coal fly ash in rats. 
  • Induction of hepatic mixed function oxidase system by endosulfan in rats. 
  • Induction of hippocampal long-term potentiation during waking leads to increased extrahippocampal zif-268 expression during ensuing rapid-eye-movement sleep. 
  • Induction of immediate spatiotemporal changes in thalamic networks by peripheral block of ascending cutaneous information. 
  • Induction of immediate-early genes by angiotensin II and endothelin-1 in adult rat cardiomyocytes. 
  • Induction of immune responses with anti-idiotypic antibodies: implications for the induction of protective immunity. 
  • Induction of interleukin-6 mRNA in rat alveolar macrophages by in vitro exposure to both Cryptococcus neoformans and anti-C. neoformans antiserum. 
  • Induction of miR-132 and miR-212 Expression by Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (GLP-1) in Rodent and Human Pancreatic β-Cells. 
  • Induction of micronuclei by X-radiation in human, mouse and rat peripheral blood lymphocytes. 
  • Induction of neuronal morphology in adrenal chromaffin cells cocultured with denervated Schwann cells. 
  • Induction of nitric oxide in cultured microglia: evidence for a cytoprotective role. 
  • Induction of phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis via CDPcholine pathway in lung and liver of rats following intratracheal administration of DDT and endosulfan. 
  • Induction of platelet-derived growth factor A-chain and c-myc gene expressions by angiotensin II in cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells. 
  • Induction of pulmonary and hepatic cytochrome P-450 species by coal fly ash inhalation in rats. 
  • Induction of pulmonary drug metabolizing enzymes by coal fly ash in rats. 
  • Induction of rat cytochrome P-450 3 and its mRNA by 3,4,5,3',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl. 
  • Induction of rat kidney ornithine decarboxylase by nicotinamide without a concomitant increase in DNA synthesis. 
  • Induction of sodium channel clustering by oligodendrocytes. 
  • Induction of specific cytochrome P-450 isozymes by methylenedioxyphenyl compounds and antagonism by 3-methylcholanthrene. 
  • Induction of specific tolerance by intrathymic injection of recipient muscle cells transfected with donor class I major histocompatibility complex. 
  • Induction of spine growth and synapse formation by regulation of the spine actin cytoskeleton. 
  • Induction of superoxide anion and nitric oxide production in cultured microglia. 
  • Induction of tenascin in rat lungs undergoing bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. 
  • Induction of the ChREBPβ Isoform Is Essential for Glucose-Stimulated β-Cell Proliferation. 
  • Induction of tissue-type plasminogen activator and 72-kDa type-IV collagenase by ionizing radiation in rat astrocytes. 
  • Induction of tolerance to solubilized rat histocompatibility antigens. 
  • Induction of urinary excretion of 3-nitrotyrosine, a marker of oxidative stress, following administration of pyridostigmine bromide, DEET (N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide) and permethrin, alone and in combination in rats. 
  • Infantile spasms and encephalopathy without preceding neonatal seizures caused by KCNQ2 R198Q, a gain-of-function variant. 
  • Infectious diseases of the upper respiratory tract: implications for toxicology studies. 
  • Infiltrating cell phenotypes and patterns associated with hepatic allograft rejection or acceptance. 
  • Inflammasomes are important mediators of cyclophosphamide-induced bladder inflammation. 
  • Influence of E. coli-induced prostatic inflammation on expression of androgen-responsive genes and transforming growth factor beta 1 cascade genes in rats. 
  • Influence of L-triiodothyronine on memory following repeated electroconvulsive shock in rats: implications for human electroconvulsive therapy. 
  • Influence of age at inoculation on avian oncornavirus-induced brain tumor incidence, tumor morphology, and postinoculation survival in F344 rats. 
  • Influence of apolipoprotein E on soluble and heparin-immobilized hepatic lipase. 
  • Influence of early photoreceptor degeneration on lipofuscin in the retinal pigment epithelium. 
  • Influence of food deprivation on intestinal cholecystokinin and somatostatin. 
  • Influence of gender on allograft rejection in a rat heart transplant model. 
  • Influence of lead on mineralization during bone growth. 
  • Influence of lesion size and location on amphetamine-facilitated recovery of beam-walking in rats. 
  • Influence of tight junctions on the interaction of salts with lingual epithelia: responses of chorda tympani and lingual nerves. 
  • Influence of total parenteral nutrition on tumor growth and polyamine biosynthesis of fibrosarcoma-bearing rats after induced cachexia. 
  • Influences of external urethral sphincter relaxation induced by alpha-bungarotoxin, a neuromuscular junction blocking agent, on voiding dysfunction in the rat with spinal cord injury. 
  • Influences of inflation rate and duration on vasodilatory effect by intermittent pneumatic compression in distant skeletal muscle. 
  • Information and states of motor readiness: their effects on the covariation of heart rate and energy expenditure. 
  • Infrared laser diode irradiation has no behavioral or biochemical effect on pain in the sciatic nerve ligation-induced mononeuropathy in rat. 
  • Infrared thermography: a rapid, portable, and accurate technique to detect experimental pneumothorax. 
  • Ingestive behavior in preweanling rats: emergence of postgastric controls. 
  • Inhalation exposure system used for acute and repeated-dose methyl isocyanate exposures of laboratory animals. 
  • Inhaled asbestos activates a complement-dependent chemoattractant for macrophages. 
  • Inhaled carbon monoxide and hyperoxic lung injury in rats. 
  • Inhaled ethyl nitrite prevents hyperoxia-impaired postnatal alveolar development in newborn rats. 
  • Inhibiting clathrin-mediated endocytosis of the leucine-rich G protein-coupled receptor-5 diminishes cell fitness. 
  • Inhibition and recovery of maternal and fetal cholinesterase enzymes following a single oral dose of chlorpyrifos in rats. 
  • Inhibition of Clostridium difficile toxin A-induced colitis in rats by APAZA. 
  • Inhibition of DNA synthesis in neonatal rat brain regions caused by acute nicotine administration. 
  • Inhibition of GABA-gated chloride channel function by arachidonic acid. 
  • Inhibition of GABA-gated chloride channels in brain by the arachidonic acid metabolite, thromboxane A2. 
  • Inhibition of GH in maternal separation may be mediated through altered serotonergic activity at 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C receptors. 
  • Inhibition of Na+/H+ exchange stimulates CCK secretion in STC-1 cells. 
  • Inhibition of TRPV1 channels by a naturally occurring omega-9 fatty acid reduces pain and itch. 
  • Inhibition of adenylosuccinate lyase by L-alanosyl-5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxylic acid ribonucleotide (alanosyl-AICOR). 
  • Inhibition of apoptotic signaling and neointimal hyperplasia by tempol and nitric oxide synthase following vascular injury. 
  • Inhibition of calcium/calmodulin kinase II alpha subunit expression results in epileptiform activity in cultured hippocampal neurons. 
  • Inhibition of central amylin signaling increases food intake and body adiposity in rats. 
  • Inhibition of coal fly ash polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and metals induced mixed-function oxidase activity in rat lung and liver by vitamin A and citrate. 
  • Inhibition of corneal neovascularization in the rat by SK&F 86002, a dual inhibitor of arachidonic acid metabolism. 
  • Inhibition of epidural scar formation after lumbar laminectomy in the rat. 
  • Inhibition of epinephrine-induced vasospasm with adrenoreceptor blockade in the rat cremaster muscle. 
  • Inhibition of gastric emptying in response to intestinal lipid is dependent on chylomicron formation. 
  • Inhibition of hepatic phosphatidylcholine synthesis by malathion in rats. 
  • Inhibition of iNOS with 1400W improves contractile function and alters nos gene and protein expression in reperfused skeletal muscle. 
  • Inhibition of implant-associated infections via nitric oxide release. 
  • Inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase promotes recovery of motor function in rats after sciatic nerve ischemia and reperfusion. 
  • Inhibition of intimal hyperplasia by direct thrombin inhibitors in an animal vein bypass model. 
  • Inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase activity reverses corneal endothelial-mesenchymal transition. 
  • Inhibition of muscarinic-coupled phosphoinositide hydrolysis by N-methyl-D-aspartate is dependent on depolarization via channel activation. 
  • Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase by cobalamins and cobinamides. 
  • Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase increases extracellular cerebral glutamate concentration after global ischemia. 
  • Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase on brain oxygenation in anesthetized rats exposed to hyperbaric oxygen. 
  • Inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis attenuates alcohol consumption in two strains of alcohol-preferring rats. 
  • Inhibition of platelet-derived growth factor-BB-induced fibroblast proliferation by plasmin-activated alpha 2-macroglobulin is mediated via an alpha 2-macroglobulin receptor/low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-dependent mechanism. 
  • Inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase enhances the effect of chemotherapy in an animal model of regional therapy for the treatment of advanced extremity malignant melanoma. 
  • Inhibition of protein kinase C by a peptide conjugate homologous to a domain of the retroviral protein p15E. 
  • Inhibition of purified p21ras farnesyl:protein transferase by Cys-AAX tetrapeptides. 
  • Inhibition of radiation-induced up-regulation of leukocyte adhesion to endothelial cells with the platelet-activating factor inhibitor, BN52021. 
  • Inhibition of rat arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation by heparin. In vivo studies with anticoagulant and nonanticoagulant heparin. 
  • Inhibition of rat brain phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C by aluminum: regional differences, interactions with aluminum salts, and mechanisms. 
  • Inhibition of rat corneal angiogenesis by a nuclease-resistant RNA aptamer specific for angiopoietin-2. 
  • Inhibition of sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase differentially regulates contractile function in cardiac myocytes from normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats: role of Ca2+ regulatory proteins. 
  • Inhibition of sphingolipid biosynthesis by fumonisins. Implications for diseases associated with Fusarium moniliforme. 
  • Inhibition of suckling in weaning-age rats: a possible serotonergic mechanism. 
  • Inhibition of sympathetic pathways restores postoperative ileus in the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract. 
  • Inhibition of the GABA receptor-gated chloride ion channel in brain by noncompetitive inhibitors of the nicotinic receptor-gated cation channel. 
  • Inhibition of the vanilloid receptor subtype-1 attenuates TNBS-colitis. 
  • Inhibition of tumor angiogenesis using a soluble receptor establishes a role for Tie2 in pathologic vascular growth. 
  • Inhibition of tumor growth by targeting tumor endothelium using a soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor. 
  • Inhibition of tumor necrosis factor release from cultured rat Kupffer cells by agents that reduce graft failure from storage injury. 
  • Inhibition of vessel allograft rejection by endothelial removal. Morphologic and ultrastructural changes. 
  • Inhibition, Not Excitation, Drives Rhythmic Whisking. 
  • Inhibitory controls of ingestion in 6-day-old rat pups. 
  • Inhibitory effects of anthracenedione antineoplastic agents on hepatic and cardiac lipid peroxidation. 
  • Inhibitory effects of hyperglycemia on neural activity of the vagus in rats. 
  • Inhibitory regulation of rat exocrine pancreas by peptide YY and pancreatic polypeptide. 
  • Initial stages of tumor cell-induced angiogenesis: evaluation via skin window chambers in rodent models. 
  • Injectable Phosphorescence-based Oxygen Biosensors Identify Post Ischemic Reactive Hyperoxia. 
  • Injuring neurons induces neuronal differentiation in a population of hippocampal precursor cells in culture. 
  • Innervation of the levator ani and coccygeus muscles of the female rat. 
  • Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 3-kinase a functions as a scaffold for synaptic Rac signaling. 
  • Instant Ultrasound-Evoked Precise Nanobubble Explosion and Deep Photodynamic Therapy for Tumors Guided by Molecular Imaging. 
  • Insulin Detemir Is Transported From Blood to Cerebrospinal Fluid and Has Prolonged Central Anorectic Action Relative to NPH Insulin. 
  • Insulin activates a novel adipocyte mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase that shows rapid phasic kinetics and is distinct from c-Raf. 
  • Insulin and diabetes cause reciprocal changes in the association of eIF-4E and PHAS-I in rat skeletal muscle. 
  • Insulin and glucosamine infusions increase O-linked N-acetyl-glucosamine in skeletal muscle proteins in vivo. 
  • Insulin and longevity: antidiabetic biguanides as geroprotectors. 
  • Insulin in aging and cancer: antidiabetic drug Diabenol as geroprotector and anticarcinogen. 
  • Insulin increases central apolipoprotein E levels as revealed by an improved technique for collection of cerebrospinal fluid from rats. 
  • Insulin inhibits angiotensinogen gene expression via the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in rat kidney proximal tubular cells. 
  • Insulin inhibits dexamethasone effect on angiotensinogen gene expression and induction of hypertrophy in rat kidney proximal tubular cells in high glucose. 
  • Insulin receptor of fat cells in insulin-resistant metabolic states. 
  • Insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) expression in rat brain. 
  • Insulin replacement therapy in diabetic rats using an osmotic pump normalizes expression of enzymes key to hepatic carbohydrate metabolism. 
  • Insulin resistance syndrome blunts the mitochondrial anabolic response following resistance exercise. 
  • Insulin-dependent diabetic microangiopathy in the inner ear. 
  • Insulin-induced normoglycemia improves ischemic outcome in hyperglycemic rats. 
  • Insulin-like growth factor-1 but not growth hormone augments mammalian myocardial contractility by sensitizing the myofilament to Ca2+ through a wortmannin-sensitive pathway: studies in rat and ferret isolated muscles. 
  • Insulin-like growth factor-I gene expression in the tibial epiphyseal growth plate of growth hormone-treated uremic rats. 
  • Integration of bilateral whisker stimuli in rats: role of the whisker barrel cortices. 
  • Integration of oral habituation and gastric signals in decerebrate rat pups. 
  • Integrin-linked kinase is involved in cocaine sensitization by regulating PSD-95 and synapsin I expression and GluR1 Ser845 phosphorylation. 
  • Intensity of lactation modulates renal 1 alpha-hydroxylase and serum 1,25(OH)2D in rats. 
  • Inter-mosaic coordination of retinal receptive fields. 
  • Inter-relations between 3-hydroxypropionate and propionate metabolism in rat liver: relevance to disorders of propionyl-CoA metabolism. 
  • Interaction between tissue oxygen tension and NADH imaging during synaptic stimulation and hypoxia in rat hippocampal slices. 
  • Interaction of NG2(+) glial progenitors and microglia/macrophages from the injured spinal cord. 
  • Interaction of atrial natriuretic polypeptide and angiotensin II on protooncogene expression and vascular cell growth. 
  • Interaction of dietary protein and trypsin inhibitor on plasma cholecystokinin and pancreatic growth in rats. 
  • Interaction of endosulfan and dietary vitamin A on rat hepatic drug metabolising enzymes. 
  • Interaction of estrogen receptor alpha with protein kinase C alpha and c-Src in osteoblasts during differentiation. 
  • Interaction of ethanol and acute hypoxia (7620 m) on vitamin A distribution in rat organs. 
  • Interaction of ethanol, cholesterol and vitamin A on phospholipid methylation in hepatic microsomes of rats. 
  • Interaction of nicotinic and histamine H(3) systems in the radial-arm maze repeated acquisition task. 
  • Interaction of platelet-activating factor, spleen and atrial natriuretic peptide in plasma volume regulation during endotoxaemia in rats. 
  • Interaction of putrescine and vitamin A on hepatic mitochondrial lipids of rat. 
  • Interaction of vitamin A and cortisol on liver and plasma lipids of rats. 
  • Interaction with CA4-derived fibers accounts for distribution of septohippocampal fibers in rat fascia dentata after entorhinal lesion. 
  • Interactions between afferents to the dentate gyrus after entorhinal lesion during development: long-term regulation of choline acetyl-transferase activity. 
  • Interactions between hormones and growth factors in the regulation of granulosa cell differentiation in vitro. 
  • Interactions between hypothermia and the latency to ischemic depolarization: implications for neuroprotection. 
  • Interactions of estrogen- and thyroid hormone receptors on a progesterone receptor estrogen response element (ERE) sequence: a comparison with the vitellogenin A2 consensus ERE. 
  • Interactive effects of D1 and D2 agonists with scopolamine on radial-arm maze performance. 
  • Interferon regulatory factors regulate interleukin-1beta-converting enzyme expression and apoptosis in vascular smooth muscle cells. 
  • Interferon-gamma and tumour necrosis factor induce expression of major histocompatibility complex antigen on rat retinal astrocytes. 
  • Interferon-inducible mechanism of dendritic cell-mediated HIV-1 dissemination is dependent on Siglec-1/CD169. 
  • Interleukin 1-induced production of nitric oxide inhibits benzenetriol-mediated oxidative injury in rat hepatocytes. 
  • Interleukin 1beta-stimulated production of nitric oxide in rat hepatocytes is mediated through endogenous synthesis of interferon gamma. 
  • Interleukin-1 beta decreases acetylcholine measured by microdialysis in the hippocampus of freely moving rats. 
  • Interleukin-1 beta promotes functional recovery of crushed peripheral nerve. 
  • Interleukin-1-induced nitric oxide production modulates glutathione synthesis in cultured rat hepatocytes. 
  • Interleukin-13 stimulates the proliferation of lung myofibroblasts via a signal transducer and activator of transcription-6-dependent mechanism: a possible mechanism for the development of airway fibrosis in asthma. 
  • Interleukin-6 as a photoreceptor neuroprotectant in an experimental model of retinal detachment. 
  • Interleukin-6 protects liver against warm ischemia/reperfusion injury and promotes hepatocyte proliferation in the rodent. 
  • Interleukin-6: effects on and production by rat granulosa cells in vitro. 
  • Intermittent and continuous cocaine administration: residual behavioral states during withdrawal. 
  • Intermittent but not sustained moderate hypoxia elicits long-term facilitation of hypoglossal motor output. 
  • Intermittent pneumatic compression of legs increases microcirculation in distant skeletal muscle. 
  • Intermittent pneumatic compression regulates expression of nitric oxide synthases in skeletal muscles. 
  • Internal strain gradients quantified in bone under load using high-energy X-ray scattering. 
  • International Ring Trial of a High Resolution Targeted Metabolomics and Lipidomics Platform for Serum and Plasma Analysis. 
  • International Union of Pharmacology. X. Recommendation for nomenclature of alpha 1-adrenoceptors: consensus update. 
  • Interneurons hyperpolarize pyramidal cells along their entire somatodendritic axis. 
  • Interneurons of the dentate-hilus border of the rat dentate gyrus: morphological and electrophysiological heterogeneity. 
  • Interrelations between C4 ketogenesis, C5 ketogenesis, and anaplerosis in the perfused rat liver. 
  • Interspecies cytogenetic comparisons: studies with X-radiation and bleomycin sulfate. 
  • Interstitial flow in a 3D microenvironment increases glioma invasion by a CXCR4-dependent mechanism. 
  • Interstitial hydraulic conductivity in a fibrosarcoma. 
  • Interstitial ion concentrations and paroxysmal discharges in hippocampal formation and spinal cord. 
  • Intertumoral differences in hypoxia selectivity of the PET imaging agent 64Cu(II)-diacetyl-bis(N4-methylthiosemicarbazone). 
  • Interval timing and the encoding of signal duration by ensembles of cortical and striatal neurons. 
  • Intestinal adaptation after ileal interposition surgery increases bile acid recycling and protects against obesity-related comorbidities. 
  • Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury causes pulmonary endothelial cell ATP depletion. 
  • Intestinal mast cells mediate gut injury and systemic inflammation in a rat model of deep hypothermic circulatory arrest. 
  • Intimal alterations in rat aorta induced by stressful stimuli. 
  • Intimal hyperplasia after vascular injury is inhibited by antisense cdk 2 kinase oligonucleotides. 
  • Intimal tears and their relationship to long-term patency in the rat femoral artery. 
  • Intra-Articular Vancomycin Powder Eliminates Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus in a Rat Model of a Contaminated Intra-Articular Implant. 
  • Intra-arterial cisplatin with or without radiation in limb-sparing for canine osteosarcoma. 
  • Intraarterial Microdosing: A Novel Drug Development Approach, Proof-of-Concept PET Study in Rats. 
  • Intraarterial O6-benzylguanine enables the specific therapy of nitrosourea-resistant intracranial human glioma xenografts in athymic rats with 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea. 
  • Intraarterial administration of melphalan for treatment of intracranial human glioma xenografts in athymic rats. 
  • Intraarterial therapy of human glioma xenografts in athymic rats using 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide. 
  • Intracellular K+ suppresses the activation of apoptosis in lymphocytes. 
  • Intracellular measurements in mammary carcinoma cells using fiber-optic nanosensors. 
  • Intracellular mechanisms of gonadotropin-stimulated gene expression in granulosa cells. 
  • Intracellular pH regulation by Na(+)/H(+) exchange requires phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate. 
  • Intracellular protein aggregation is a proximal trigger of cardiomyocyte autophagy. 
  • Intracellular proteolytic cleavage of 9-cis-retinoic acid receptor alpha by cathepsin L-type protease is a potential mechanism for modulating thyroid hormone action. 
  • Intracellular third loop domain of angiotensin II type-2 receptor. Role in mediating signal transduction and cellular function. 
  • Intracellular third loops in AT1 and AT2 receptors determine subtype specificity. 
  • Intracerebral transplantation of a human glioma line in immunosuppressed rats. 
  • Intracerebroventricular kainic acid administration in adult rat alters hippocampal calbindin and non-phosphorylated neurofilament expression. 
  • Intracerebroventricular neuropeptide Y increases gastric and pancreatic secretion in the dog. 
  • Intracisternal injection of TRH antibody blocks gastric emptying stimulated by 2-deoxy-D-glucose in rats. 
  • Intracisternal injection of apolipoprotein A-IV inhibits gastric secretion in pylorus-ligated conscious rats. 
  • Intracisternal injection of pancreatic polypeptide stimulates gastric emptying in rats. 
  • Intradentate colchicine retards the development of amygdala kindling. 
  • Intradiscal injection of simvastatin results in radiologic, histologic, and genetic evidence of disc regeneration in a rat model of degenerative disc disease. 
  • Intrahepatic glucose: a requirement for neonatal ODC induction by specific hormones. 
  • Intraischemic nitrous oxide alters neither neurologic nor histologic outcome: a comparison with dizocilpine. 
  • Intranigral dynorphin-1-13 suppresses kindled seizures by a naloxone-insensitive mechanism. 
  • Intrarenal and subcellular localization of rat CLC5. 
  • Intraspinal transplantation of neurogenin-expressing stem cells generates spinal cord neural progenitors. 
  • Intrathecal PLC(β3) oligodeoxynucleotides antisense potentiates acute morphine efficacy and attenuates chronic morphine tolerance. 
  • Intrathecal administration of a novel apoE-derived therapeutic peptide improves outcome following perinatal hypoxic-ischemic injury. 
  • Intrathecal administration of single-chain immunotoxin, LMB-7 [B3(Fv)-PE38], produces cures of carcinomatous meningitis in a rat model. 
  • Intrathecal busulfan treatment of human neoplastic meningitis in athymic nude rats. 
  • Intrathecal ketorolac tromethamine produces analgesia after chronic constriction injury of sciatic nerve in rat. 
  • Intrathecal melphalan therapy of human neoplastic meningitis in athymic nude rats. 
  • Intrathecal morphine suppresses immune function in rats with inflammatory-induced pain. 
  • Intrathymic injection of donor alloantigens induces donor-specific vascularized allograft tolerance without immunosuppression. 
  • Intravascular coagulation--a source of possible error in carbon-clearance determinations. 
  • Intravascular food reward. 
  • Intravascular thrombosis in skeletal muscle microcirculation after ischemia. 
  • Intravenous adenosine selectively increases blood flow to xenotransplanted intracerebral gliomas. 
  • Intravenous phenytoin is an effective anticonvulsant in the kindling model. 
  • Intraventricular kainic acid preferentially destroys hippocampal pyramidal cells. 
  • Intravesical instillation of gentamicin sulfate: in vitro, rat, canine, and human studies. 
  • Intravesical liposome administration--a novel treatment for hyperactive bladder in the rat. 
  • Intravesical protamine sulfate and potassium chloride as a model for bladder hyperactivity. 
  • Intravesical ultrapotent vanilloid receptor agonists: acute effects on animal models of bladder irritation. 
  • Intravital microscopy evaluation of angiogenesis and its effects on glucose sensor performance. 
  • Intrinsic cardiac muscle function, calcium handling and beta -adrenergic responsiveness is impaired in rats with growth hormone deficiency. 
  • Intrinsic myocyte dysfunction and tyrosine kinase pathway activation underlie the impaired wall thickening of adjacent regions during postinfarct left ventricular remodeling. 
  • Investigating the accuracy of microstereotactic-body-radiotherapy utilizing anatomically accurate 3D printed rodent-morphic dosimeters. 
  • Investigation of the phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase gene as a candidate gene for hypertension. 
  • Investigations into the loss of glutathione from lenses in organ culture. 
  • Involvement of a calcineurin/inhibitor-1 phosphatase cascade in hippocampal long-term depression. 
  • Involvement of cAMP-dependent protein kinase in mu-opioid modulation of NMDA-mediated synaptic currents. 
  • Involvement of dopamine D2 receptors in the suppressive effect of the thyrotropin-releasing hormone analog TA-0910 on alcohol intake in alcohol-preferring rats. 
  • Involvement of radical species in the oxidation of aminopyrine and 4-aminoantipyrine by cumene hydroperoxide in rat liver microsomes. 
  • Iodopyridine-for-iodobenzene substitution for use with low molecular weight radiopharmaceuticals: application to m-iodobenzylguanidine. 
  • Ion channel function of aquaporin-1 natively expressed in choroid plexus. 
  • Ion transport across lingual epithelium is modulated by chorda tympani nerve fibers. 
  • Ionic and nucleotide cofactor requirements for uptake of [3H]norepinephrine by rat brain synaptic vesicle preparations. 
  • Ionic basis of phenytoin sodium inhibition of insulin secretion in pancreatic islets. 
  • Ionic content and regulation of cellular volume in rat alveolar type II cells. 
  • Ionotropic and metabotropic receptors, protein kinase A, protein kinase C, and Src contribute to C-fiber-induced ERK activation and cAMP response element-binding protein phosphorylation in dorsal horn neurons, leading to central sensitization. 
  • Ionotropic glutamate receptor subtypes activate c-fos transcription by distinct calcium-requiring intracellular signaling pathways. 
  • Iron deficiency and high-intensity running interval training do not impact femoral or tibial bone in young female rats. 
  • Iron metabolism and cell membranes. I. Relation between ferritin and hemosiderin in bile and biliary excretion of lysosome contents. 
  • Iron metabolism and cell membranes. II. The relationship of ferritin to the cytocavitary network in rat hepatic parenchymal cells. 
  • Irradiation for xenogeneic transplantation. 
  • Irreversible stimulation of adenylate cyclase activity of fat cell membranes of phosphoramidate and phosphonate analogs of GTP. 
  • Is There a Critical Period for the Developmental Neurotoxicity of Low-Level Tobacco Smoke Exposure? 
  • Is binding to nicotinic acetylcholine and dopamine receptors related to working memory in rats? 
  • Is early life body weight a predictor of longevity and tumor risk in rats? 
  • Is endogenous D-serine in the rostral anterior cingulate cortex necessary for pain-related negative affect? 
  • Is fipronil safer than chlorpyrifos? Comparative developmental neurotoxicity modeled in PC12 cells. 
  • Is hyperbaric oxygen more effective than carbogen/nicotinamide in tumor radiation response? 
  • Is oxidative stress involved in the developmental neurotoxicity of chlorpyrifos? 
  • Is shock a key element in the pathology of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)? 
  • Is the PentaBDE replacement, tris (1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCPP), a developmental neurotoxicant? Studies in PC12 cells. 
  • Ischemia contributes to adverse effects of cocaine on brain development: suppression of ornithine decarboxylase activity in neonatal rat. 
  • Ischemia promotes acyl-CoAs dephosphorylation and propionyl-CoA accumulation. 
  • Ischemic injury to kidney induces glomerular podocyte effacement and dissociation of slit diaphragm proteins Neph1 and ZO-1. 
  • Isobutylmethylxanthine stimulates adenylate cyclase by blocking the inhibitory regulatory protein, Gi. 
  • Isocoproporphyrin: nuclear-magnetic-resonance-and mass-spectral methods for the determination of porphyrin structure. 
  • Isoflurane alters the kinetics of oral cyclosporine. 
  • Isoflurane prevents learning deficiencies caused by brief hypoxia and hypotension in adult Sprague Dawley rats. 
  • Isoflurane provides long-term protection against focal cerebral ischemia in the rat. 
  • Isoflurane-induced neuronal degeneration: an evaluation in organotypic hippocampal slice cultures. 
  • Isoform-specific interactions of apolipoprotein E with the microtubule-associated protein MAP2c: implications for Alzheimer's disease. 
  • Isoform-specific retinoid-X receptor (RXR) antibodies detect differential expression of RXR proteins in the pituitary gland. 
  • Isoform-specific thyroid hormone receptor antibodies detect multiple thyroid hormone receptors in rat and human pituitaries. 
  • Isolated Primary Blast Inhibits Long-Term Potentiation in Organotypic Hippocampal Slice Cultures. 
  • Isolated perfused lung--substrate utilization. 
  • Isolated primary blast alters neuronal function with minimal cell death in organotypic hippocampal slice cultures. 
  • Isolation and biological characterization of rat histocompatibility antigens. 
  • Isolation and characterization of a novel human prostatic stromal cell culture: DuK50. 
  • Isolation and characterization of a protein from rat testis which inhibits cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase and phosdiesterase. 
  • Isolation and characterization of microvessels from normal brain and brain tumors. 
  • Isolation and characterization of renal cortical membranes using an aqueous two-phase partition technique. 
  • Isolation and characterization of the gene encoding rat glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide. 
  • Isolation and characterization of the rat chromosomal gene for a polypeptide (pS1) antigenically related to statin. 
  • Isolation and expression of multiple forms of beta amyloid protein precursor cDNAs. 
  • Isolation and nucleotide sequence of canine glucose-6-phosphatase mRNA: identification of mutation in puppies with glycogen storage disease type Ia. 
  • Isolation and regulation of the protein kinase inhibitor and the calcium-dependent cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase regulator in the Sertoli cell-enriched testis. 
  • Isolation of INS-1-derived cell lines with robust ATP-sensitive K+ channel-dependent and -independent glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. 
  • Isolation of a cDNA clone for the alpha subunit of the human GABA-A receptor. 
  • Isolation of a nuclease-resistant decoy RNA that can protect human acetylcholine receptors from myasthenic antibodies. 
  • Isolation of a rat parvalbumin gene and full length cDNA. 
  • Isolation of protein prenyltransferases from bovine brain and baculovirus expression system. 
  • Isolation of renal brush borders. 
  • Isolation of two E-box binding factors that interact with the rat tyrosine hydroxylase enhancer. 
  • Isoproterenol downregulation of statin-related gene expression in the rat parotid gland. 
  • Isotopomer enrichment assay for very short chain fatty acids and its metabolic applications. 
  • JAK-STAT3 pathway regulates spinal astrocyte proliferation and neuropathic pain maintenance in rats. 
  • JNJ-39220675, a novel selective histamine H3 receptor antagonist, reduces the abuse-related effects of alcohol in rats. 
  • JNK activation decreases PP2A regulatory subunit B56alpha expression and mRNA stability and increases AUF1 expression in cardiomyocytes. 
  • Jejunal bypass stimulation of pancreatic growth and cholecystokinin secretion in rats: importance of luminal nutrients. 
  • Jun dimerization protein 2 functions as a progesterone receptor N-terminal domain coactivator. 
  • K+ modulation of microglial superoxide production: involvement of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels. 
  • K+ regulates DNA binding of transcription factors to control gene expression related to neuronal apoptosis. 
  • Kainate and quisqualate receptor autoradiography in rat brain after angular bundle kindling. 
  • Kainic acid inhibits cholecystokinin release from rat hippocampal slices. 
  • Kainic acid lesioning of alkaloid-sensitive brain sites and ethanol ingestion in the rat. 
  • Kainic acid lesions disrupt fear-mediated memory processing. 
  • Kainic acid neurotoxicity toward hippocampal formation: dependence on specific excitatory pathways. 
  • Kainic acid seizures and neuronal cell death: insights from studies of selective lesions and drugs. 
  • Kallikrein-related mRNAs of the rat submaxillary gland: nucleotide sequences of four distinct types including tonin. 
  • Keratinocyte growth factor--just another mitogen or the "Holy Grail" that regulates liver regeneration? 
  • Ketanserin attenuates nicotine-induced working memory improvement in rats. 
  • Ketanserin, a 5-HT2 receptor antagonist, decreases nicotine self-administration in rats. 
  • Killing of Cryptococcus neoformans by rat alveolar macrophages. 
  • Kilohertz frequency nerve block enhances anti-inflammatory effects of vagus nerve stimulation. 
  • Kindled seizure-induced reduction of muscarinic cholinergic receptors in rat hippocampal formation: evidence for localization to dentate granule cells. 
  • Kindled seizures result in decreased responsiveness of benzodiazepine receptors to gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). 
  • Kindled seizures selectively reduce a subpopulation of [3H]quinuclidinyl benzilate binding sites in rat dentate gyrus. 
  • Kindling enhances sensitivity of CA3 hippocampal pyramidal cells to NMDA. 
  • Kindling induces the long-lasting expression of a novel population of NMDA receptors in hippocampal region CA3. 
  • Kindling produces long-lasting and selective changes in gene expression of hippocampal neurons. 
  • Kindling reduces sensitivity of CA3 hippocampal pyramidal cells to competitive NMDA receptor antagonists. 
  • Kindling, prenatal exposure to ethanol and postnatal development selectively alter responses of hippocampal pyramidal cells to NMDA. 
  • Kinematic and dynamic gait compensations in a rat model of lumbar radiculopathy and the effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha antagonism. 
  • Kinematic and dynamic gait compensations resulting from knee instability in a rat model of osteoarthritis. 
  • Kinetic analysis of zinc ligand mutants of mammalian protein farnesyltransferase. 
  • Kinetic studies of protein farnesyltransferase mutants establish active substrate conformation. 
  • Kinetics of irreversible activation of adenylate cyclase of fat cell membranes by phosphonium and phosphoramidate analogs of gtp1. 
  • Klotho Inhibits Interleukin-8 Secretion from Cystic Fibrosis Airway Epithelia. 
  • Knife cuts of entorhinal cortex: effects on development of amygdaloid kindling and seizure-induced decrease of muscarinic cholinergic receptors. 
  • Knockdown of prolactin receptors in a pancreatic beta cell line: effects on DNA synthesis, apoptosis, and gene expression. 
  • Kupffer cell depletion abolishes induction of interleukin-10 and permits sustained overexpression of tumor necrosis factor alpha messenger RNA in the regenerating rat liver. 
  • Kupffer cell depletion by CI2MDP-liposomes alters hepatic cytokine expression and delays liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy. 
  • Kupffer cell depletion by gadolinium chloride enhances liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy in rats. 
  • Kupffer cell-derived Fas ligand plays a role in liver injury and hepatocyte death. 
  • Kv3.1b is a novel component of CNS nodes. 
  • L-Threonine induces heat shock protein expression and decreases apoptosis in heat-stressed intestinal epithelial cells. 
  • L-[3H]Glutamate binding to hippocampal synaptic membranes: two binding sites discriminated by their differing affinities for quisqualate. 
  • L-arginine or tempol supplementation improves renal and cardiovascular function in rats with reduced renal mass and chronic high salt intake. 
  • L-selectin can mediate leukocyte rolling in untreated mesenteric venules in vivo independent of E- or P-selectin. 
  • L6 spinal nerve ligation produces prolonged development of mechanical allodynia and gradual increase of GFAP on ipsilateral dorsal horn. 
  • LAT: the ZAP-70 tyrosine kinase substrate that links T cell receptor to cellular activation. 
  • LETM1, a gene deleted in Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome, encodes an evolutionarily conserved mitochondrial protein. 
  • LMNA, encoding lamin A/C, is mutated in partial lipodystrophy. 
  • LPS elicits a much larger and broader inflammatory response than Escherichia coli infection within the hippocampus of neonatal rats. 
  • LRRK2 G2019S-induced mitochondrial DNA damage is LRRK2 kinase dependent and inhibition restores mtDNA integrity in Parkinson's disease. 
  • LRRK2 inhibition attenuates microglial inflammatory responses. 
  • LRRK2 secretion in exosomes is regulated by 14-3-3. 
  • Labeling monoclonal antibodies and F(ab')2 fragments with the alpha-particle-emitting nuclide astatine-211: preservation of immunoreactivity and in vivo localizing capacity. 
  • Laboratory Animal Bite Anaphylaxis: A National Survey: Part 1: Case Series and Review of the Literature. 
  • Laboratory animal allergies. Use of the radioallergosorbent test inhibition assay to monitor airborne allergen levels. 
  • Lack of apoptosis in the hypoxic brain of a rat model mimicking cyanotic heart disease. 
  • Lack of cholinergic control in feedback regulation of pancreatic secretion in the rat. 
  • Lack of correlation between the central anti-nociceptive and peripheral anti-inflammatory effects of selective COX-2 inhibitor parecoxib. 
  • Lack of effect of mossy fiber-released zinc on granule cell GABA(A) receptors in the pilocarpine model of epilepsy. 
  • Lack of effects from 2000-Hz magnetic fields on mammary adenocarcinoma and reproductive hormones in rats 
  • Lack of evidence for a remote effect of renal ischemia/reperfusion acute kidney injury on outcome from temporary focal cerebral ischemia in the rat. 
  • Lack of potency of metoclopramide's metabolites in various dopaminergic models. 
  • Lactate uptake contributes to the NAD(P)H biphasic response and tissue oxygen response during synaptic stimulation in area CA1 of rat hippocampal slices. 
  • Lactogenic and somatogenic hormones regulate the expression of neuropeptide Y and cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript in rat insulinoma (INS-1) cells: interactions with glucose and glucocorticoids. 
  • Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome: the lack of short-term in vitro effects of serum factors on neuromuscular transmission. 
  • Laminin oligopeptide derivatized agarose gels allow three-dimensional neurite extension in vitro. 
  • Largazole pharmacokinetics in rats by LC-MS/MS. 
  • Large A-fiber activity is required for microglial proliferation and p38 MAPK activation in the spinal cord: different effects of resiniferatoxin and bupivacaine on spinal microglial changes after spared nerve injury. 
  • Large quantities of Abeta peptide are constitutively released during amyloid precursor protein metabolism in vivo and in vitro. 
  • Large-scale quantitative LC-MS/MS analysis of detergent-resistant membrane proteins from rat renal collecting duct. 
  • Laryngeal transplantation in the setting of cancer: a rat model. 
  • Laser-capture microdissection. 
  • Lasting effects of developmental dexamethasone treatment on neural cell number and size, synaptic activity, and cell signaling: critical periods of vulnerability, dose-effect relationships, regional targets, and sex selectivity. 
  • Lasting effects of nicotine treatment and withdrawal on serotonergic systems and cell signaling in rat brain regions: separate or sequential exposure during fetal development and adulthood. 
  • Late administration of Mn porphyrin-based SOD mimic enhances diabetic complications. 
  • Lateral entorhinal cortical kindling can be established without potentiation of the entorhinal-granule cell synapse. 
  • Lateral membrane biogenesis in human bronchial epithelial cells requires 190-kDa ankyrin-G. 
  • Layer-specific somatosensory cortical activation during active tactile discrimination. 
  • Learning about cognition risk with the radial-arm maze in the developmental neurotoxicology battery. 
  • Learning by imitation: a hierarchical approach. 
  • Learning impairment caused by a toxin produced by Pfiesteria piscicida infused into the hippocampus of rats. 
  • Lectin staining of cultured CNS microglia. 
  • Lentiviral mediated gene delivery to the anterior chamber of rodent eyes. 
  • Leptin mediates the parathyroid hormone-related protein paracrine stimulation of fetal lung maturation. 
  • Leptin promotes the myofibroblastic phenotype in hepatic stellate cells by activating the hedgehog pathway. 
  • Leptospirosis in the West of Scotland. 
  • Lesion-induced plasticity of high affinity choline uptake in the developing rat fascia dentata. 
  • Lesioning of the striatum reverses motor asymmetry in the 6-hydroxydopamine rodent model of parkinsonism. 
  • Lesions of dorsolateral striatum preserve outcome expectancy but disrupt habit formation in instrumental learning. 
  • Leucine-rich Repeat Kinase 2 (LRRK2) Pharmacological Inhibition Abates α-Synuclein Gene-induced Neurodegeneration. 
  • Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 deficiency is protective in rhabdomyolysis-induced kidney injury. 
  • Leukocyte inflammatory response in a rat urinary bladder regeneration model using porcine small intestinal submucosa scaffold. 
  • Leukocyte-capillary plugging and network resistance are increased in skeletal muscle of rats with streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia. 
  • Leukotriene B4 mediates inflammation via TRPV1 in duct obstruction-induced pancreatitis in rats. 
  • Leukotrienes in renal transplant rejection in rats. Distinct roles for leukotriene B4 and peptidoleukotrienes in the pathogenesis of allograft injury. 
  • Licking-induced synchrony in the taste-reward circuit improves cue discrimination during learning. 
  • Ligand binding, conformational change and plasma elimination of human, mouse and rat alpha-macroglobulin proteinase inhibitors. 
  • Ligand interactions in the adenosine nucleotide-binding domain of the Hsp90 chaperone, GRP94. I. Evidence for allosteric regulation of ligand binding. 
  • Ligand-dependent recruitment of the ErbB4 signaling complex into neuronal lipid rafts. 
  • Ligatin binds phosphohexose residues on acidic hydrolases. 
  • Ligatin: a peripheral membrane protein with covalently bound palmitic acid. 
  • Ligation of L-selectin through conserved regions within the lectin domain activates signal transduction pathways and integrin function in human, mouse, and rat leukocytes. 
  • Ligation of the alpha 2-macroglobulin signalling receptor on macrophages induces protein phosphorylation and an increase in cytosolic pH. 
  • Light and electron microscopic immunocytochemical localization of PKC delta immunoreactivity in the rat central nervous system. 
  • Light chains are a ligand for megalin. 
  • Light sheet fluorescence microscopy as a new method for unbiased three-dimensional analysis of vascular injury. 
  • Light touch induces ERK activation in superficial dorsal horn neurons after inflammation: involvement of spinal astrocytes and JNK signaling in touch-evoked central sensitization and mechanical allodynia. 
  • Limited proteolysis of the alpha-macroglobulin rat alpha 1-inhibitor-3. Implications for a domain structure. 
  • Lineage restriction of human hepatic stem cells to mature fates is made efficient by tissue-specific biomatrix scaffolds. 
  • Lipid metabolism in hypervitaminosis A. 
  • Lipid peroxidation in lung and liver of rats given DDT and endosulfan intratracheally. 
  • Lipid-based microtubular drug delivery vehicles. 
  • Lipids up-regulate uncoupling protein 2 expression in rat hepatocytes. 
  • Lipoapoptosis in beta-cells of obese prediabetic fa/fa rats. Role of serine palmitoyltransferase overexpression. 
  • Lipopolysaccharide induces oxidative cardiac mitochondrial damage and biogenesis. 
  • Lipopolysaccharide stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis via activation of nuclear respiratory factor-1. 
  • Lipopolysaccharide up-regulates platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) alpha-receptor expression in rat lung myofibroblasts and enhances response to all PDGF isoforms. 
  • Lipoxin A4 inhibits microglial activation and reduces neuroinflammation and neuropathic pain after spinal cord hemisection. 
  • Lithographic patterning of photoreactive cell-adhesive proteins. 
  • Liver cell-derived microparticles activate hedgehog signaling and alter gene expression in hepatic endothelial cells. 
  • Liver regeneration in obese mice with fatty livers: does the impairment have relevance for other types of fatty liver disease? 
  • Lobeline-induced learning improvement of rats in the radial-arm maze. 
  • Local 42 degrees C hyperthermia improves vascular conductance of the R3230Ac rat mammary adenocarcinoma during sodium nitroprusside infusion. 
  • Local disruption of the celiac ganglion inhibits substance P release and ameliorates caerulein-induced pancreatitis in rats. 
  • Local tissue geometry determines contractile force generation of engineered muscle networks. 
  • Localization and characterization of 35S-t-butylbicyclophosphorothionate binding in rat brain: an autoradiographic study. 
  • Localization and characterization of secretin binding sites expressed by rat bile duct epithelium. 
  • Localization and differential regulation of angiotensinogen mRNA expression in the vessel wall. 
  • Localization and phosphorylation of Abl-interactor proteins, Abi-1 and Abi-2, in the developing nervous system. 
  • Localization and quantification of glucose transporters in liver of growth-retarded fetal and neonatal rats. 
  • Localization of LRRK2 to membranous and vesicular structures in mammalian brain. 
  • Localization of S1 and elongation factor-1 alpha mRNA in rat brain and liver by non-radioactive in situ hybridization. 
  • Localization of calmodulin in rat cerebellum by immunoelectron microscopy. 
  • Localization of differentially phosphorylated isoforms of microtubule-associated protein 1B in cultured rat hippocampal neurons. 
  • Localization of mRNA for three distinct alpha 1-adrenergic receptor subtypes in human tissues: implications for human alpha-adrenergic physiology. 
  • Localization of specific binding sites for atrial natriuretic factor in peripheral tissues of the guinea pig, rat, and human. 
  • Localization of specific binding sites for atrial natriuretic factor in the central nervous system of rat, guinea pig, cat and human. 
  • Localization of substance P NK-1 receptors in rat tongue. 
  • Localization of xanthine oxidase in rat duodenum; fixation of sections instead of blocks. 
  • Localized delivery of nitric oxide from hydrogels inhibits neointima formation in a rat carotid balloon injury model. 
  • Localized force application reveals mechanically sensitive domains of Piezo1. 
  • Locally synthesized phosphatidylcholine, but not protein, undergoes rapid retrograde axonal transport in the rat sciatic nerve. 
  • Location of CNS neurons mediating the blood pressure fall after shock-induced fighting in the rat. 
  • Locational stereology performed within sampling fields in rat aortic wall, a polarized tissue. 
  • Locomotor and sensorimotor performance deficit in rats following exposure to pyridostigmine bromide, DEET, and permethrin, alone and in combination. 
  • Long Noncoding RNA MANTIS Facilitates Endothelial Angiogenic Function. 
  • Long- and short-term effects of biological hydrogels on capsule microvascular density around implants in rats. 
  • Long-Term Cognitive Deficits After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Rats. 
  • Long-Term Decrease of Intraocular Pressure in Rats by Viral Delivery of miR-146a. 
  • Long-circulating liposomal contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging. 
  • Long-lasting CNS effects of a short-term chemical knockout of ornithine decarboxylase during development: nicotinic cholinergic receptor upregulation and subtle macromolecular changes in adulthood. 
  • Long-lasting delayed hyperalgesia after subchronic swim stress. 
  • Long-lasting novelty-induced neuronal reverberation during slow-wave sleep in multiple forebrain areas. 
  • Long-lasting reduction of inhibitory function and gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit mRNA expression in a model of temporal lobe epilepsy. 
  • Long-term administration of a small molecular weight catalytic metalloporphyrin antioxidant, AEOL 10150, protects lungs from radiation-induced injury. 
  • Long-term behavioral deficits following pilocarpine seizures in immature rats. 
  • Long-term captopril treatment improves diastolic filling more than systolic performance in rats with large myocardial infarction. 
  • Long-term cognitive dysfunction following experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage: new perspectives. 
  • Long-term effects of acute and of chronic hypoxia on behavior and on hippocampal histology in the developing brain. 
  • Long-term effects of chronic intermittent ethanol exposure in adolescent and adult rats: radial-arm maze performance and operant food reinforced responding. 
  • Long-term effects of developmental halothane exposure on radial arm maze performance in rats. 
  • Long-term effects of excitatory amino acid antagonists NBQX and MK-801 on the developing brain. 
  • Long-term enhancement of central synaptic transmission by chronic brain-derived neurotrophic factor treatment. 
  • Long-term ethanol consumption alters the hepatic response to the regenerative effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha. 
  • Long-term implantation of voltammetric oxidase/peroxide glucose sensors in the rat peritoneum. 
  • Long-term modulation of A-type K(+) conductances in hippocampal CA1 interneurons in rats after chronic intermittent ethanol exposure during adolescence or adulthood. 
  • Long-term neuroprotection from a potent redox-modulating metalloporphyrin in the rat. 
  • Long-term potentiation induced by theta frequency stimulation is regulated by a protein phosphatase-1-operated gate. 
  • Long-term protein and calorie restriction: alterations in nucleic acid levels of organs of male rats. 
  • Long-term pulmonary responses of three laboratory rodent species to subchronic inhalation of pigmentary titanium dioxide particles. 
  • Long-term recording reliability of liquid crystal polymer µECoG arrays. 
  • Long-term safety of combined intracerebral delivery of free gadolinium and targeted chemotherapeutic agent PRX321. 
  • Longitudinal assessment of neurocognitive function in rats after cardiopulmonary bypass: evidence for long-term deficits. 
  • Longitudinal mechanical tension induces growth in the small bowel of juvenile rats. 
  • Loop diuretics have anxiolytic effects in rat models of conditioned anxiety. 
  • Lorcaserin, a 5-HT2C agonist, decreases nicotine self-administration in female rats. 
  • Lorcaserin, a selective 5-HT(2C) receptor agonist, decreases alcohol intake in female alcohol preferring rats. 
  • Losing neurons: selective vulnerability and mesial temporal sclerosis. 
  • Loss and reacquisition of hippocampal synapses after selective destruction of CA3-CA4 afferents with kainic acid. 
  • Loss of BCAA Catabolism during Carcinogenesis Enhances mTORC1 Activity and Promotes Tumor Development and Progression. 
  • Loss of allergen 1 confers a hypervirulent phenotype that resembles mucoid switch variants of Cryptococcus neoformans. 
  • Loss of beta-adrenergic receptor-guanine nucleotide regulatory protein interactions accompanies decline in catecholamine responsiveness of adenylate cyclase in maturing rat erythrocytes. 
  • Loss of neonatal hypoxia tolerance after prenatal nicotine exposure: implications for sudden infant death syndrome. 
  • Loss of tissue sensitivity to growth hormone during maternal deprivation in rats. 
  • Loss-of-function mutation in tryptophan hydroxylase-2 identified in unipolar major depression. 
  • Low K+ promotes NF-kappaB/DNA binding in neuronal apoptosis induced by K+ loss. 
  • Low molecular weight catalytic metalloporphyrin antioxidant AEOL 10150 protects lungs from fractionated radiation. 
  • Low-amplitude ultrasound enhances hydrodynamic-based gene delivery to rat kidney. 
  • Low-dose mecamylamine improves learning of rats in the radial-arm maze repeated acquisition procedure. 
  • Lower anxiogenic effects of serotonin agonists are associated with lower activation of amygdala and lateral orbital cortex in adolescent male rats. 
  • Luminal epidermal growth factor preserves mucosal mass of small bowel in fasting rats. 
  • Luminally released serotonin stimulates colonic motility and accelerates colonic transit in rats. 
  • Lung epithelial cell-released nitric oxide protects against PMN-mediated cell injury. 
  • Lung injury after ozone exposure is iron dependent. 
  • Lung perfusion imaging in small animals using 4D micro-CT at heartbeat temporal resolution. 
  • Lung subcellular fractions and surfactant lipid metabolism of rats exposed with DDT or endosulfan intratracheally. 
  • Lung-specific induction of heme oxygenase-1 and hyperoxic lung injury. 
  • Lymphocyte phenotypes in wild-caught rats suggest potential mechanisms underlying increased immune sensitivity in post-industrial environments. 
  • Lysophosphatidic acid receptor signaling in mammalian retinal pigment epithelial cells. 
  • Lysosomal integral membrane proteins exhibit region and cell type specific distribution in the epididymis of the adult rat. 
  • MAPK-activated protein kinase-2 in cardiac hypertrophy and cyclooxygenase-2 regulation in heart. 
  • MARCH2 promotes endocytosis and lysosomal sorting of carvedilol-bound β(2)-adrenergic receptors. 
  • MIBG inhibits respiration: potential for radio- and hyperthermic sensitization. 
  • MK-801 impedes the acquisition of a spatial memory task in rats. 
  • MK-801 potently inhibits alcohol withdrawal seizures in rats. 
  • MR "microscopy" of the rat thorax. 
  • MR imaging contrast enhancement based on intermolecular zero quantum coherences. 
  • MR imaging of microcirculation in rat brain: correlation with carbon dioxide-induced changes in blood flow. 
  • MR microscopy at 7.0 T: effects of brain iron. 
  • MR microscopy of the rat carotid artery after balloon injury by using an implanted imaging coil. 
  • MR microscopy of the rat lung using projection reconstruction. 
  • MR-compatible ventilator for small animals: computer-controlled ventilation for proton and noble gas imaging. 
  • Macromolecular levels, DNA synthesis and ornithine decarboxylase activity in leg muscles from 6-mercaptopurine-treated rats. 
  • Macrophage migration into hepatic xenografts in the hamster-to-rat combination. 
  • Macrophage-derived Hedgehog ligands promotes fibrogenic and angiogenic responses in human schistosomiasis mansoni. 
  • Macrophage-mediated fungistasis: requirement for a macromolecular component in serum. 
  • Magic angle effect on diffusion tensor imaging in ligament and brain. 
  • Magnesium efficacy in a rat spinal cord injury model. 
  • Magnesium-dependent inhibition of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-mediated synaptic transmission by ethanol. 
  • Magnesium-free medium activates seizure-like events in the rat hippocampal slice. 
  • Magnetic fluid hyperthermia for bladder cancer: a preclinical dosimetry study. 
  • Magnetic resonance angiography with hyperpolarized 129Xe dissolved in a lipid emulsion. 
  • Magnetic resonance histology of age-related nephropathy in the Sprague Dawley rat. 
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): a new tool in experimental toxicologic pathology. 
  • Magnetic resonance imaging of a tissue/implanted device biointerface using in vivo microdialysis sampling. 
  • Magnetic resonance imaging of hepatic neoplasms in the rat. 
  • Magnetic resonance imaging of temperature-sensitive liposome release: drug dose painting and antitumor effects. 
  • Magnetic resonance microscopy and histopathology: comparative approach of bromobenzene-induced hepatotoxicity in the rat. 
  • Magnetic resonance microscopy in neurologic models. 
  • Magnetic resonance microscopy of chemically-induced liver foci. 
  • Magnetic resonance microscopy of the rat carotid artery at 300 megahertz. 
  • Magnetic resonance microscopy of the rat thorax and abdomen. 
  • Magnetic resonance microscopy of toxic renal injury induced by bromoethylamine in rats. 
  • Magnetic resonance microscopy--a new tool for the toxicologic pathologist. 
  • Magnetic resonance microscopy. 
  • Magnetic resonance water proton relaxation in protein solutions and tissue: T(1rho) dispersion characterization. 
  • Magnitude and ethanol sensitivity of tonic GABAA receptor-mediated inhibition in dentate gyrus changes from adolescence to adulthood. 
  • Magnitude of abdominal incision affects the duration of postoperative ileus in rats. 
  • Major histocompatibility complex class I expression on neurons in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis and experimental subacute measles encephalitis. 
  • Male and female rats exhibit comparable gaping behavior but activate brain regions differently during expression of conditioned nausea. 
  • Mammalian TRPV4 (VR-OAC) directs behavioral responses to osmotic and mechanical stimuli in Caenorhabditis elegans. 
  • Mammalian beta-adrenergic receptors. Distinct glycoprotein populations containing high mannose or complex type carbohydrate chains. 
  • Mammalian beta-adrenergic receptors. Structural differences in beta 1 and beta 2 subtypes revealed by peptide maps. 
  • Mammalian chymotrypsin-like enzymes. Comparative reactivities of rat mast cell proteases, human and dog skin chymases, and human cathepsin G with peptide 4-nitroanilide substrates and with peptide chloromethyl ketone and sulfonyl fluoride inhibitors. 
  • Mammalian dwarfins are phosphorylated in response to transforming growth factor beta and are implicated in control of cell growth. 
  • Mammalian homologs of Drosophila ELAV localized to a neuronal subset can bind in vitro to the 3' UTR of mRNA encoding the Id transcriptional repressor. 
  • Mammalian iron transport: an unexpected link between metal homeostasis and host defense. 
  • Mammary carcinogenesis in rats fed different amounts and types of fat. 
  • Mammary gland morphology in Sprague-Dawley rats following treatment with an organochlorine mixture in utero and neonatal genistein. 
  • Manganese dipyridoxyl diphosphate. Effect of dose, time, and pulse sequence on hepatic enhancement in rats. 
  • Manganese porphyrin reduces renal injury and mitochondrial damage during ischemia/reperfusion. 
  • Manganese porphyrin reduces retinal injury induced by ocular hypertension in rats. 
  • Manganese porphyrins and related compounds as mimics of superoxide dismutase. 
  • Manganese-porphyrin reactions with lipids and lipoproteins. 
  • Manipulation of small-molecule inhibitory kinetics modulates MCH-R1 function. 
  • Mapping of calmodulin-binding domain of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II from rat brain. 
  • Mapping oxidative DNA damage using ligation-mediated polymerase chain reaction technology. 
  • Masking and triggered unmasking of targeting ligands on nanocarriers to improve drug delivery to brain tumors. 
  • Massive light-driven translocation of transducin between the two major compartments of rod cells: a novel mechanism of light adaptation. 
  • Mast cell activation by Mycobacterium tuberculosis: mediator release and role of CD48. 
  • Mast cell stabilization improves survival by preventing apoptosis in sepsis. 
  • Mast cell-derived particles deliver peripheral signals to remote lymph nodes. 
  • Maternal methadone administration: deficit in development of alpha-noradrenergic responses in developing rat brain as assessed by norepinephrine stimulation of 33Pi incorporation into phospholipids in vivo. 
  • Maternal separation in neonatal rats elicits activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis: a putative role for corticotropin-releasing factor. 
  • Maternal vitamin A restriction alters biochemical development of the brain in rats. 
  • Mathematical model insights into arsenic detoxification. 
  • Mathematical modeling of the effects of glutathione on arsenic methylation. 
  • Matrix gla protein is regulated by a mechanism functionally related to the calcium-sensing receptor. 
  • Maturation of central nervous system control of growth hormone secretion in rats. 
  • Maturation of coordinated immediate early gene expression by cocaine during adolescence. 
  • Maturation of growth hormone stimulation of kidney ornithine decarboxylase in the rat. 
  • Maturation of sympathetic neurotransmission in the efferent pathway to the rat heart: ultrastructural analysis of ganglionic synaptogenesis in euthyroid and hyperthyroid neonates. 
  • Maturation of sympathetic neurotransmission in the rat heart--III. Developmental changes in reserpine inhibition of norepinephrine uptake into isolated synaptic vesicles. 
  • Maturation of sympathetic neurotransmission in the rat heart. I. Ontogeny of the synaptic vesicle uptake mechanism and correlation with development of synaptic function. Effects of neonatal methadone administration on development of synaptic vesicles. 
  • Maturation of sympathetic neurotransmission in the rat heart. II. Enhanced development of presynaptic and postsynaptic components of noradrenergic synapses as a result of neonatal hyperthyroidism. 
  • Maturation of sympathetic neurotransmission in the rat heart. IV. Effects guanethidine-induced sympathectomy on neonatal development of synaptic vesicles, synaptic terminal function and heart growth. 
  • Maturation of sympathetic neurotransmission in the rat heart. IX. Development of transsynaptic regulation of cardiac adrenergic sensitivity. 
  • Maturation of sympathetic neurotransmission in the rat heart. V. Development of baroreceptor control of sympathetic tone. 
  • Maturation of sympathetic neurotransmission in the rat heart. VI. The effect of neonatal central catecholaminergic lesions. 
  • Maturation of sympathetic neurotransmission in the rat heart. VII. Suppression of sympathetic responses by dexamethasone. 
  • Maturation of sympathetic neurotransmission in the rat heart. VIII. Slowed development of noradrenergic synapses resulting from hypothyroidism. 
  • Maturation of the adrenal medulla--IV. Effects of morphine. 
  • Maturation of the adrenal medulla. I. Uptake and storage of amines in isolated storage vesicles of the rat. 
  • Maturation of the adrenal medulla. II. Content and properties of catecholamine storage vesicles of the rat. 
  • Maturation of the adrenal medulla. III. Practical and theoretical considerations of age-dependent alterations in kinetics of incorporation of catecholamines and non-catecholamines. 
  • Maturational differences in chlorpyrifos-oxonase activity may contribute to age-related sensitivity to chlorpyrifos. 
  • Maudsley reactive and nonreactive rats differ only in some tasks reflecting emotionality. 
  • Maximization of contrast-to-noise ratio to distinguish diffusion and microcirculatory flow. 
  • Maximization of signal derived from cDNA microarrays. 
  • Maximizing contrast to noise with inductively coupled implanted coils. 
  • Meal-anticipatory glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion in rats. 
  • Measurement of NMDA receptor protein subunits in discrete hippocampal regions of kindled animals. 
  • Measurement of cerebral blood flow in rats and mice by hydrogen clearance during hyperbaric oxygen exposure. 
  • Measurement of chloride movement in neuronal preparations. 
  • Measurement of erythrocyte velocity by use of a periodic differential detector. 
  • Measurement of fat/water ratios in rat liver using 3D three-point dixon MRI. 
  • Measurement of material extravasation in microvascular networks using fluorescence video-microscopy. 
  • Measurement of regional lung function in rats using hyperpolarized 3helium dynamic MRI. 
  • Measuring attention in rats with a visual signal detection task: Signal intensity vs. signal duration. 
  • Measuring cholinesterase activity in human saliva. 
  • Measuring the link between cardiac mechanical function and metabolism during hyperpolarized ¹³ C-pyruvate magnetic resonance experiments. 
  • Measuring the progression of foreign-body reaction to silicone implants using in vivo MR microscopy. 
  • Measuring tumor cycling hypoxia and angiogenesis using a side-firing fiber optic probe. 
  • Mechanical analysis of rat trabecular meshwork. 
  • Mechanical culture conditions effect gene expression: gravity-induced changes on the space shuttle. 
  • Mechanical injury to neuronal/glial cultures in microplates: role of NMDA receptors and pH in secondary neuronal cell death. 
  • Mechanical stress and nitric oxide influence leukotriene production in cartilage. 
  • Mechanical ventilation for imaging the small animal lung. 
  • Mechanical ventilation of rat lung: effect on surfactant forms. 
  • Mechanism and function of synaptotagmin-mediated membrane apposition. 
  • Mechanism of action of SNF472, a novel calcification inhibitor to treat vascular calcification and calciphylaxis. 
  • Mechanism of action of Vibrio cholerae enterotoxin. Effects on adenylate cyclase of toad and rat erythrocyte plasma membranes. 
  • Mechanism of action of a respiratory inhibitor from the gill tissue of the sporulating common mushroom, Agaricus bisporus. 
  • Mechanism of action of cholera toxin and the mobile receptor theory of hormone receptor-adenylate cyclase interactions. 
  • Mechanism of action of intracisternal apolipoprotein A-IV in inhibiting gastric acid secretion in rats. 
  • Mechanism of activation of adenylate cyclase by Vibrio cholerae enterotoxin. 
  • Mechanism of activation of adenylate cyclase by Vibrio cholerae enterotoxin. Relations to the mode of activation by hormones. 
  • Mechanism of detection of acute cerebral ischemia in rats by diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance microscopy. 
  • Mechanism of electrographic seizure generation in the hippocampal slice in Mg2+-free medium: the role of GABAa inhibition. 
  • Mechanism of estrogen action: early transcriptional and translational events. 
  • Mechanism of local and global Ca2+ sensing by calmodulin in complex with a Ca2+ channel. 
  • Mechanisms and functional roles of glutamatergic synapse diversity in a cerebellar circuit. 
  • Mechanisms associated with tumor vascular shut-down induced by combretastatin A-4 phosphate: intravital microscopy and measurement of vascular permeability. 
  • Mechanisms for regulation of calmodulin kinase IIalpha by Ca(2+)/calmodulin and autophosphorylation of threonine 286. 
  • Mechanisms for the testicular hypertrophy which follows hemicastration. 
  • Mechanisms of accumulation of arachidonic acid in cultured myocardial cells during ATP depletion. 
  • Mechanisms of disease progression in NASH: new paradigms. 
  • Mechanisms of erythropoietin-mediated cardioprotection during ischemia-reperfusion injury: role of protein kinase C and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling. 
  • Mechanisms of hormone receptor-effector coupling: the beta-adrenergic receptor and adenylate cyclase. 
  • Mechanisms of hyperoxic injury to the pulmonary microcirculation. 
  • Mechanisms of inactivation of molybdoenzymes by cyanide. 
  • Mechanisms of ischemic injury are different in the steatotic and normal rat liver. 
  • Mechanisms of nerve capping technique in prevention of painful neuroma formation. 
  • Mechanisms of oleoylethanolamide-induced changes in feeding behavior and motor activity. 
  • Mechanisms underlying cardiovascular defense reaction evoked by dorsal periaqueductal gray stimulation. 
  • Mechanistic contribution of CaV3.2 calcium channels to trigeminal neuralgia pathophysiology not clarified. 
  • Mechanoelectrical excitation by fluid jets in monolayers of cultured cardiac myocytes. 
  • Medial prefrontal-perirhinal cortical communication is necessary for flexible response selection. 
  • Medial septal benzodiazepine receptors modulate hippocampal evoked responses and long-term potentiation. 
  • Medial smooth muscle cell loss in arterial allografts occurs by cytolytic cell induced apoptosis. 
  • Mediation of hyperacute rejection of rat hepatic allografts by RT-1 antigens. 
  • Medusa cells: the morphology and cytochemistry of common amoeboid variants of eosinophils. 
  • Megalin mediates renal uptake of heavy metal metallothionein complexes. 
  • Members of the myocyte enhancer factor 2 transcription factor family differentially regulate Bdnf transcription in response to neuronal depolarization. 
  • Membrane potential mediates H(+)-ATPase dependence of "degradative pathway" endosomal fusion. 
  • Membrane properties underlying spontaneous activity of denervated muscle fibres. 
  • Membrane receptors as general markers for plasma membrane isolation procedures. The use of 125-I-labeled wheat germ agglutinin, insulin, and cholera toxin. 
  • Membrane specializations in mammalian lens fiber cells: distribution of square arrays. 
  • Membrane translocation and regulation of uridine diphosphate-glucuronic acid uptake in rat liver microsomal vesicles. 
  • Memory capacity of networks with stochastic binary synapses. 
  • Memory maintenance in synapses with calcium-based plasticity in the presence of background activity. 
  • Memory retention is modulated by acute estradiol and progesterone replacement. 
  • Merosin promotes neurite growth and Schwann cell migration in vitro and nerve regeneration in vivo: evidence using an antibody to merosin, ARM-1. 
  • Mesenchymal stem cells modified with Akt prevent remodeling and restore performance of infarcted hearts. 
  • Mesolimbic exendin-4 attenuates reward salience evoked by neuropeptide Y and ghrelin. 
  • Mesolimbic neuronal activity across behavioral states. 
  • Mesothelial cell proliferation induced by intrapleural instillation of man-made fibers in rats and hamsters. 
  • Mesotheliomas induced in rats by the fibrous mineral erionite are independent from p53 alterations. 
  • Metabolic effects of dietary lactose in adult female rats. 
  • Metabolic factors associated with endotoxin-induced tolerance for hemorrhagic shock. 
  • Metabolic flexibility via mitochondrial BCAA carrier SLC25A44 is required for optimal fever. 
  • Metabolic glycan labeling and chemoselective functionalization of native biomaterials. 
  • Metabolic impact of adenovirus-mediated overexpression of the glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit in hepatocytes. 
  • Metabolic impact of glucokinase overexpression in liver: lowering of blood glucose in fed rats is accompanied by hyperlipidemia. 
  • Metabolic profiling of muscle contraction in lean compared with obese rodents. 
  • Metabolic profiling of norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor atomoxetine. 
  • Metabolic studies of rat renal tubule cells loaded with cystine: the cystine dimethylester model of cystinosis. 
  • Metabolic variation among rat lumbosacral alpha-motoneurons. 
  • Metabolism and transport of galactose by rat intestine. 
  • Metabolism of 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) by human CYP1B1 genetic variants. 
  • Metabolism of O6-benzylguanine, an inactivator of O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase. 
  • Metabolism of aflatoxin B1, benzo[a]pyrene, and 1,2-dimethylhydrazine by cultured rat and human colon. 
  • Metabolism of amphetamine after acute and chronic administration to the rat. 
  • Metabolism of amphetamine by rat brain tissue. 
  • Metabolism of benzo[a]pyrene by cultured tracheobronchial tissues from mice, rats, hamsters, bovines and humans. 
  • Metabolism of levulinate in perfused rat livers and live rats: conversion to the drug of abuse 4-hydroxypentanoate. 
  • Metabolism of norethynodrel by rat liver. 
  • Metabolism of pro-luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone in immortalized hypothalamic neurons. 
  • Metabolism of subfractions of phosphatidyl choline & phosphatidyl ethanolamine of liver & plasma of rats given retinol & phenobarbital. 
  • Metabolism of the aspartyl moiety of N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid in the rat brain. 
  • Metabolism of threo-beta-fluoroaspartate by H4 cells. Inhibition of adenylosuccinate lyase by fluoro analogs of its substrates. 
  • Metabolism of γ-hydroxybutyrate in perfused rat livers. 
  • Metabolomic analysis shows differential hepatic effects of T2 and T3 in rats after short-term feeding with high fat diet. 
  • Metabolomic profiling for the identification of novel biomarkers and mechanisms related to common cardiovascular diseases: form and function. 
  • Metabolomic profiling reveals mitochondrial-derived lipid biomarkers that drive obesity-associated inflammation. 
  • Metabolomics and mass isotopomer analysis as a strategy for pathway discovery: pyrrolyl and cyclopentenyl derivatives of the pro-drug of abuse, levulinate. 
  • Metal-induced formation of metallothionein in rat liver. 
  • Metalloporphyrin antioxidants ameliorate normal tissue radiation damage in rat brain. 
  • Metalloporphyrins are potent inhibitors of lipid peroxidation. 
  • Metastatic human breast cancer to the spine produces mechanical hyperalgesia and gait deficits in rodents. 
  • Methadone inhibits serotonin and norephinephrine uptake into rat brain synaptosomes and synaptic vesicles in vitro but not in vivo. 
  • Methamphetamine induces long-term changes in GABAA receptor alpha2 subunit and GAD67 expression. 
  • Method for improved accuracy in endogenous urea recovery marker calibrations for microdialysis in tumors. 
  • Method of lesioning brainstem determines seizure probability. 
  • Methods for assessing rat sperm motility. 
  • Methods to identify and characterize developmental neurotoxicity for human health risk assessment. III: pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic considerations. 
  • Micro-CT imaging assessment of dobutamine-induced cardiac stress in rats. 
  • Micro-CT imaging of breast tumors in rodents using a liposomal, nanoparticle contrast agent. 
  • Micro-anastomosis of 0.3-0.4 mm vessels after cold ischemia using a rat model of toe-to-thumb transplantation. 
  • MicroRNA signature characterizes primary tumors that metastasize in an esophageal adenocarcinoma rat model. 
  • MicroRNAs targeting the SARS-CoV-2 entry receptor ACE2 in cardiomyocytes. 
  • Microanastomotic response to needle and suture size. 
  • Microarray analysis of gene expression in adult retinal ganglion cells. 
  • Microbial biofilms in the gut: visualization by electron microscopy and by acridine orange staining. 
  • Microchannel-based regenerative scaffold for chronic peripheral nerve interfacing in amputees. 
  • Microcirculatory responses to vascular washout following ischemia. 
  • Microglia Sculpt Sex Differences in Social Behavior. 
  • Microglia and memory: modulation by early-life infection. 
  • Microglia, an in vivo source of reactive oxygen species in the brain. 
  • Microglia-mediated degradation of perineuronal nets promotes pain. 
  • Microglial contribution to oxidative stress in Alzheimer's disease. 
  • Microglial dopamine receptor elimination defines sex-specific nucleus accumbens development and social behavior in adolescent rats. 
  • Microglial oxyradical production: causes and consequences. 
  • Microinjection of a benzodiazepine into substantia nigra elevates kindled seizure threshold. 
  • Microinjection of muscimol into entopeduncular nucleus suppresses pilocarpine but not maximal electroshock seizures in rats. 
  • Microtubule-associated protein 1B (MAP1B) is present in glial cells phosphorylated different than in neurones. 
  • Microtubule-associated protein MAP1B showing a fetal phosphorylation pattern is present in sites of neurofibrillary degeneration in brains of Alzheimer's disease patients. 
  • Microvascular anastomoses in growing vessels: a long-term evaluation of nonabsorbable suture materials. 
  • Microvascular studies on the origins of perfusion-limited hypoxia. 
  • Microwave effects on energy metabolism of rat brain. 
  • Microwave hyperthermia and its effect on tumor blood flow in rats. 
  • Microwave power absorption differences between normal and malignant tissue. 
  • Mild hypothermia reduces infarct size resulting from temporary but not permanent focal ischemia in rats. 
  • Mimicking maternal smoking and pharmacotherapy of preterm labor: fetal nicotine exposure enhances the effect of late gestational dexamethasone treatment on noradrenergic circuits. 
  • Mimicking maternal smoking and pharmacotherapy of preterm labor: interactions of fetal nicotine and dexamethasone on serotonin and dopamine synaptic function in adolescence and adulthood. 
  • Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: integrating evidence into clinical practice. 
  • Minimal manifestation status and prednisone withdrawal in the MGTX trial. 
  • Minireview. Kainic acid as a tool for the study of temporal lobe epilepsy. 
  • Minocycline attenuates mechanical allodynia and expression of spinal NMDA receptor 1 subunit in rat neuropathic pain model. 
  • Minocycline can delay the development of morphine tolerance, but cannot reverse existing tolerance in the maintenance period of neuropathic pain in rats. 
  • Mitochondrial DNA structure and expression in specialized subtypes of mammalian striated muscle. 
  • Mitochondrial adaptations to obesity-related oxidant stress. 
  • Mitochondrial and intrinsic optical signals imaged during hypoxia and spreading depression in rat hippocampal slices. 
  • Mitochondrial generation of reactive oxygen species after brain ischemia in the rat. 
  • Mitochondrial metabolism sets the maximal limit of fuel-stimulated insulin secretion in a model pancreatic beta cell: a survey of four fuel secretagogues. 
  • Mitochondrial overload and incomplete fatty acid oxidation contribute to skeletal muscle insulin resistance. 
  • Mitochondrial oxidative stress after carbon monoxide hypoxia in the rat brain. 
  • Mitochondrial respiration after sepsis and prolonged hypoxia. 
  • Mitochondrial transcription factor A induction by redox activation of nuclear respiratory factor 1. 
  • Mitogenic effect of neuropeptide Y in rat vascular smooth muscle cells. 
  • Mitral cells in the olfactory bulb are mainly excited through a multistep signaling path. 
  • Mixed function oxidases in response to quality and quantity of dietary protein. 
  • Mixed messages: modulation of inflammation and immune responses by prostaglandins and thromboxanes. 
  • Mixing oxygen with hyperpolarized (3)He for small-animal lung studies. 
  • Mn porphyrin-based SOD mimic, MnTnHex-2-PyP(5+), and non-SOD mimic, MnTBAP(3-), suppressed rat spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury via NF-κB pathways. 
  • MnSOD is implicated in accelerated wound healing upon Negative Pressure Wound Therapy (NPWT): A case in point for MnSOD mimetics as adjuvants for wound management. 
  • Mode of action: disruption of brain cell replication, second messenger, and neurotransmitter systems during development leading to cognitive dysfunction--developmental neurotoxicity of nicotine. 
  • Model of recovery of locomotor ability after sensorimotor cortex injury in rats. 
  • Modeling adolescent nicotine exposure: effects on cholinergic systems in rat brain regions. 
  • Modeling effects of spinal cord stimulation on wide-dynamic range dorsal horn neurons: influence of stimulation frequency and GABAergic inhibition. 
  • Modeling geriatric depression in animals: biochemical and behavioral effects of olfactory bulbectomy in young versus aged rats. 
  • Modeling the developmental neurotoxicity of chlorpyrifos in vitro: macromolecule synthesis in PC12 cells. 
  • Modeling the developmental neurotoxicity of chlorpyrifos in vitro: macromolecule synthesis in PC12 cells. 
  • Modeling the developmental neurotoxicity of nicotine in vitro: cell acquisition, growth and viability in PC12 cells. 
  • Modeling the relative impact of capsular tissue effects on implanted glucose sensor time lag and signal attenuation. 
  • Moderate hypothermia induces marked increase in levels and nuclear accumulation of SUMO2/3-conjugated proteins in neurons. 
  • Modest increase in extracellular potassium unmasks effect of recurrent mossy fiber growth. 
  • Modification of surfaces with cell adhesion peptides alters extracellular matrix deposition. 
  • Modular isotopomer synthesis of γ-hydroxybutyric acid for a quantitative analysis of metabolic fates. 
  • Modulating role of lithium on dopamine turnover, prolactin release, and behavioral supersensitivity following haloperidol and reserpine. 
  • Modulation of IA currents by capsaicin in rat trigeminal ganglion neurons. 
  • Modulation of NMDA and AMPA-mediated synaptic transmission by CB1 receptors in frontal cortical pyramidal cells. 
  • Modulation of Rho GTPase activity alleviates chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan-dependent inhibition of neurite extension. 
  • Modulation of activity and conduction in single dorsal column axons by kilohertz-frequency spinal cord stimulation. 
  • Modulation of alloimmunity to major histocompatibility complex class I by cotransfer of cytokine genes in vivo. 
  • Modulation of cerebral microvascular permeability by endothelial nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. 
  • Modulation of chemotherapy resistance in regional therapy: a novel therapeutic approach to advanced extremity melanoma using intra-arterial temozolomide in combination with systemic O6-benzylguanine. 
  • Modulation of cytokine-induced cardiac myocyte apoptosis by nitric oxide, Bak, and Bcl-x. 
  • Modulation of gene expression in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes by surface modification of polylactide-co-glycolide substrates. 
  • Modulation of glutamate and aspartate release from slices of hippocampal area CA1 by inhibitors of arachidonic acid metabolism. 
  • Modulation of hepatic adrenergic receptor ontogeny by thyroid hormone. 
  • Modulation of high alcohol drinking in the inbred Fawn-Hooded (FH/Wjd) rat strain: implications for treatment. 
  • Modulation of melphalan resistance in glioma cells with a peripheral benzodiazepine receptor ligand-melphalan conjugate. 
  • Modulation of nuclear statin expression in rat thyroid follicle cell following administration of thyroid stimulating hormone. 
  • Modulation of rat chorda tympani nerve activity by lingual nerve stimulation. 
  • Modulation of resistance to regional chemotherapy in the extremity melanoma model. 
  • Modulation of the GABA(A)-gated chloride channel by reactive oxygen species. 
  • Modulation of the transformed and neoplastic phenotype of rat fibroblasts by MHC-I gene expression. 
  • Modulation of thromboxane receptor activation in rat glomerular mesangial cells. 
  • Molecular and cellular mechanism of angiotensin II-mediated apoptosis. 
  • Molecular and functional characterization of novel hypertrophic cardiomyopathy susceptibility mutations in TNNC1-encoded troponin C. 
  • Molecular basis of the biological function of molybdenum. Developmental patterns of sulfite oxidase and xanthine oxidase in the rat. 
  • Molecular basis of the biological function of molybdenum. Effect of tungsten on xanthine oxidase and sulfite oxidase in the rat. 
  • Molecular basis of the biological function of molybdenum. Molybdenum-free sulfite oxidase from livers of tungsten-treated rats. 
  • Molecular basis of the biological function of molybdenum. Molybdenum-free xanthine oxidase from livers of tungsten-treated rats. 
  • Molecular basis of the biological function of molybdenum: the relationship between sulfite oxidase and the acute toxicity of bisulfite and SO2. 
  • Molecular biology and pathophysiology of the intrarenal renin-angiotensin system. 
  • Molecular biology of adrenergic receptors in the rat and frog central nervous system. 
  • Molecular biology of gastrointestinal peptides and growth factors: relevance to intestinal adaptation. 
  • Molecular biology techniques and their applicability to the study of diabetes and hypertension: the renin-angiotensin system as an example. 
  • Molecular characterization of MHC class II antigens (beta 1 domain) in the BB diabetes-prone and -resistant rat. 
  • Molecular cloning and expression of cDNA encoding a peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor. 
  • Molecular cloning and expression of the cDNA for the alpha 1A-adrenergic receptor. The gene for which is located on human chromosome 5. 
  • Molecular cloning and functional expression of a recombinant 72.5 kDa fragment of the 110 kDa regulatory subunit of smooth muscle protein phosphatase 1M. 
  • Molecular cloning of KS, a novel rat gene expressed exclusively in the kidney. 
  • Molecular cloning of TRPC3a, an N-terminally extended, store-operated variant of the human C3 transient receptor potential channel. 
  • Molecular cloning of a new human G protein. Evidence for two Gi alpha-like protein families. 
  • Molecular cloning of aldolases for synthetic applications. 
  • Molecular cloning of protein phosphatase inhibitor-1 and its expression in rat and rabbit tissues. 
  • Molecular cloning of rat glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP). 
  • Molecular cloning of rat liver sulfite oxidase. Expression of a eukaryotic Mo-pterin-containing enzyme in Escherichia coli. 
  • Molecular cloning of the cDNA for androgen-dependent sperm-coating glycoproteins secreted by the rat epididymis. 
  • Molecular cloning of the cDNA for ligatin. 
  • Molecular cloning of the cDNA for two major androgen-dependent secretory proteins of 18.5 kilodaltons synthesized by the rat epididymis. 
  • Molecular cloning sequence and distribution of rat calspermin, a high affinity calmodulin-binding protein. 
  • Molecular composition of the node of Ranvier: identification of ankyrin-binding cell adhesion molecules neurofascin (mucin+/third FNIII domain-) and NrCAM at nodal axon segments. 
  • Molecular determinants in the second intracellular loop of the 5-hydroxytryptamine-1A receptor for G-protein coupling. 
  • Molecular dissection of gating in the ClC-2 chloride channel. 
  • Molecular endpoints of Ca2+/calmodulin- and voltage-dependent inactivation of Ca(v)1.3 channels. 
  • Molecular footprint of Medawar's mutation accumulation process in mammalian aging. 
  • Molecular genetics of AMD and current animal models. 
  • Molecular mechanism of ERK dephosphorylation by striatal-enriched protein tyrosine phosphatase. 
  • Molecular mechanisms of glucose action on angiotensinogen gene expression in rat proximal tubular cells. 
  • Molecular mechanisms that control renin secretion. 
  • Molecular or pharmacologic perturbation of the link between glucose and lipid metabolism is without effect on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. A re-evaluation of the long-chain acyl-CoA hypothesis. 
  • Molecular pharmacology of adenylate cyclase-coupled alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors. 
  • Molecular sequelae of topographically guided peripheral nerve repair. 
  • Molecular species of phosphatidyl choline and phosphatidyl ethanolamine in heart of rats given excess vitamin A. 
  • Molecular structure of a protein-tyrosine/threonine kinase activating p42 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase: MAP kinase kinase. 
  • Molybdenum: an essential trace element in human nutrition. 
  • Monitor peptide binding sites are expressed in the rat liver and small intestine. 
  • Monitoring changes in gene expression in renal ischemia-reperfusion in the rat. 
  • Monitoring metabolite gradients in the blood, liver, and tumor after induced hyperglycemia in rats with R3230 flank tumors using microdialysis and bioluminescence imaging. 
  • Monoamine mediation of cocaine-induced hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal activation. 
  • Monoamine oxidase A and B activities in liver of riboflavin-deficient rats. 
  • Monoamine oxidase and catechol-O-methyltransferase activity in hamster and rat insulinomas. 
  • Monoamine oxidase of rat skeletal muscle: substrate specificity and half-life. 
  • Monoclonal antibodies against the CD44 [In(Lu)-related p80], and Pgp-1 antigens in man recognize the Hermes class of lymphocyte homing receptors. 
  • Monoclonal antibodies as molecular probes to study structural heterogeneity between human and animal renins and other aspartyl proteinases. 
  • Monoclonal antibodies reactive with epitopes restricted to glial fibrillary acidic proteins of several species. 
  • Monoclonal antibodies to epitopes on different regions of the 200 000 dalton neurofilament protein. Probes for the geometry of the filament. 
  • Monoclonal antibodies to human primary uveal melanomas demonstrate tumor heterogeneity. 
  • Monoclonal antibodies to uveal melanoma. 
  • Monoclonal antibody interaction with the third immunoglobulin-like domain of N-CAM is sufficient to cause cell migration. 
  • Monolayer growth and differentiated function of porcine and rat granulosa cells following cryopreservation. 
  • Morphine produces a biphasic modulation of substance P release from cultured dorsal root ganglion neurons. 
  • Morphine produces a multiphasic effect on the release of substance P from rat trigeminal nucleus slices by activating different opioid receptor subtypes. 
  • Morphine-reserpine interactions in the adrenal medulla. 
  • Morphogenesis of the node of Ranvier: co-clusters of ankyrin and ankyrin-binding integral proteins define early developmental intermediates. 
  • Morphologic and hemodynamic comparison of tumor and healing normal tissue microvasculature. 
  • Morphologic and morphometric analyses of rat femoral arteries after crush injury. 
  • Morphologic aspects of the protection by endotoxin against acute and chronic oxygen-induced lung injury in adult rats. 
  • Morphologic effects of subtoxic neonatal chlorpyrifos exposure in developing rat brain: regionally selective alterations in neurons and glia. 
  • Morphologic integration of hilar ectopic granule cells into dentate gyrus circuitry in the pilocarpine model of temporal lobe epilepsy. 
  • Morphological and biochemical changes which occur during postnatal development and maturation of the rat testis. 
  • Morphology of the small-animal lung using magnetic resonance microscopy. 
  • Morphometric and electrical properties of reconstructed hippocampal CA3 neurons recorded in vivo. 
  • Morphometric characteristics of cells in the alveolar region of mammalian lungs. 
  • Mossy fiber lesion reduces the probability that kainic acid will provoke CA3 hippocampal pyramidal cell bursting. 
  • Mossy fiber-granule cell synapses in the normal and epileptic rat dentate gyrus studied with minimal laser photostimulation. 
  • Motor activity and quantitative autoradiographic analysis of muscarinic receptors in the brain of rats subjected to the forced swimming test. 
  • Motor functional and morphological findings following end-to-side neurorrhaphy in the rat model. 
  • Motor neuron regeneration accuracy: balancing trophic influences between pathways and end-organs. 
  • Motor neuron target selectivity and survival after prolonged axotomy. 
  • Motor neurons can preferentially reinnervate cutaneous pathways. 
  • Mu opioid receptor-mediated modulation of synaptic currents in dentate granule cells of rat hippocampus. 
  • Mu- and kappa-opiate receptor control of prolactin secretion in rats: ontogeny and interaction with serotonin. 
  • Multiarm spirals in a two-dimensional cardiac substrate. 
  • Multichannel electrophysiological spike sorting via joint dictionary learning and mixture modeling 
  • Multifunctional nanocarriers for mammographic quantification of tumor dosing and prognosis of breast cancer therapy. 
  • Multilamellar bodies in alveolar septal cells. 
  • Multiphasic effect of morphine on the release of substance P from rat trigeminal nucleus slices. 
  • Multiphasic morphine modulation of substance P release from capsaicin-sensitive primary afferent fibers. 
  • Multiple Ca(2+)-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinases from rat brain. Purification, regulation by Ca(2+)-calmodulin, and partial amino acid sequence. 
  • Multiple autocrine growth factors modulate vascular smooth muscle cell growth response to angiotensin II. 
  • Multiple cell-type-specific elements regulate Myc protein stability. 
  • Multiple chronic pain states are associated with a common amino acid-changing allele in KCNS1. 
  • Multiple forms of beta-amyloid peptide precursor RNAs in a single cell type. 
  • Multiple forms of rat liver type I topoisomerase. 
  • Multiple polyamine regulatory pathways control compensatory cardiovascular hypertrophy in coarctation hypertension. 
  • Multiple-quantum vector field imaging by magnetic resonance 
  • Multivariate Curve Resolution for Signal Isolation from Fast-Scan Cyclic Voltammetric Data. 
  • Munc13-1 is required for presynaptic long-term potentiation. 
  • Murine CD7 shares antigenic cross-reactivity with HSP-60. 
  • Murine susceptibility to organophosphorus-induced delayed neuropathy (OPIDN). 
  • Murine typhus still exists in the United States. 
  • Muscarinic cholinergic receptors participate in the kindling model of epilepsy. 
  • Muscarinic cholinergic regulation of epileptic spiking in kindling. 
  • Muscle-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Influence Motor Neuron Regeneration Accuracy. 
  • Muscle-Liver Trafficking of BCAA-Derived Nitrogen Underlies Obesity-Related Glycine Depletion. 
  • Muscle-specific RING finger 1 is a bona fide ubiquitin ligase that degrades cardiac troponin I. 
  • Mustard oils and cannabinoids excite sensory nerve fibres through the TRP channel ANKTM1. 
  • Mutagenicity of ochratoxin A and its hydroquinone metabolite in the SupF gene of the mutation reporter plasmid Ps189. 
  • Mutant forms of growth factor-binding protein-2 reverse BCR-ABL-induced transformation. 
  • Mutation spectrum of 2-chloroethyl methanesulfonate in Drosophila melanogaster premeiotic germ cells. 
  • Mutational analysis of the fractalkine chemokine domain. Basic amino acid residues differentially contribute to CX3CR1 binding, signaling, and cell adhesion. 
  • Mutations in the novel mitochondrial protein REEP1 cause hereditary spastic paraplegia type 31. 
  • Mutations of the histone linker H1-4 in neurodevelopmental disorders and functional characterization of neurons expressing C-terminus frameshift mutant H1.4. 
  • Mutual regulation of Src family kinases and the neurotrophin receptor TrkB. 
  • Mutually augmenting interactions of dextromethorphan and sazetidine-A for reducing nicotine self-administration in rats. 
  • Myelin basic protein phosphatase activity in rat brain. 
  • Myeloma light chains are ligands for cubilin (gp280). 
  • Myocardial Na+/H+ exchanger-1 (NHE1) content is decreased by exercise training. 
  • Myocardial adenosine triphosphate levels during early sepsis. 
  • Myocardial beta-adrenergic receptors from adrenalectomized rats: impaired formation of high-affinity agonist-receptor complexes. 
  • Myocardial guanylate cyclase: properties of the enzyme and effects of cholinergic agonists in vitro. 
  • Myocardial hypertrophy in the ischemic zone induced by exercise in rats after coronary reperfusion. 
  • Myocardial injury-induced fibroblast proliferation facilitates retroviral-mediated gene transfer to the rat heart in vivo. 
  • Myocardial stunning: association with altered gene expression. 
  • Myocardin induces cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. 
  • N-(2-Benzoylphenyl)-L-tyrosine PPARgamma agonists. 1. Discovery of a novel series of potent antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic agents. 
  • N-(6-chloro-pyridin-3-yl)-3,4-difluoro-benzamide (ICA-27243): a novel, selective KCNQ2/Q3 potassium channel activator. 
  • N-desalkylquetiapine, a potent norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor and partial 5-HT1A agonist, as a putative mediator of quetiapine's antidepressant activity. 
  • N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor autoradiography in rat brain after angular bundle kindling. 
  • N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor binding in brains of rats at different ages. 
  • N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor plasticity in kindling: quantitative and qualitative alterations in the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-channel complex. 
  • N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor regulation of uncompetitive antagonist binding in rat brain membranes: kinetic analysis. 
  • N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-dependent denitrosylation of neuronal nitric oxide synthase increase the enzyme activity. 
  • N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors activate transcription of c-fos and NGFI-A by distinct phospholipase A2-requiring intracellular signaling pathways. 
  • N-o-Methoxyphenylpiperazine: a simple blocker of dopaminergic receptors in the brain. 
  • N-terminal tyrosine modulation of the endocytic adaptor function of the beta-arrestins. 
  • N6-phenyladenosines: pronounced effect of phenyl substituents on affinity for A2 adenosine receptors. 
  • NAAG peptidase inhibition reduces locomotor activity and some stereotypes in the PCP model of schizophrenia via group II mGluR. 
  • NADH hyperoxidation correlates with enhanced susceptibility of aged rats to hypoxia. 
  • NADPH Oxidase 4 Regulates Inflammation in Ischemic Heart Failure: Role of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase. 
  • NADPH oxidase 4: walking the walk with Poldip2. 
  • NADPH-dependent oxygen reductase activity in pulmonary macrophages. 
  • NF-kappa B as a central mediator in the induction of TGF-beta in monocytes from patients with idiopathic myelofibrosis: an inflammatory response beyond the realm of homeostasis. 
  • NF-kappaB p65 involves in reperfusion injury and iNOS gene regulation in skeletal muscle. 
  • NGF is essential for hippocampal plasticity and learning. 
  • NIDA522131, a new radioligand for imaging extrathalamic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors: in vitro and in vivo evaluation. 
  • NK and LAK susceptibility varies inversely with target cell MHC class I antigen expression in a rat epithelial tumour system. 
  • NK-1 antagonist reduces colonic inflammation and oxidative stress in dextran sulfate-induced colitis in rats. 
  • NLRP3/IL-1β mediates denervation during bladder outlet obstruction in rats. 
  • NMDA and glutamate evoke excitotoxicity at distinct cellular locations in rat cortical neurons in vitro. 
  • NMDA antagonists differentiate epileptogenesis from seizure expression in an in vitro model. 
  • NMDA receptor antagonists ameliorate the stepping deficits produced by unilateral medial forebrain bundle injections of 6-OHDA in rats. 
  • NMDA receptor antagonists disinhibit rat posterior cingulate and retrosplenial cortices: a potential mechanism of neurotoxicity. 
  • NMDA receptor dependence of kindling and mossy fiber sprouting: evidence that the NMDA receptor regulates patterning of hippocampal circuits in the adult brain. 
  • NMDA receptor-mediated depolarizing action of proline on CA1 pyramidal cells. 
  • NMDA systems in the amygdala and piriform cortex and nicotinic effects on memory function. 
  • NMDA-Receptor-dependent synaptic activation of voltage-dependent calcium channels in basolateral amygdala. 
  • NMDA-glutamate receptors regulate phosphorylation of dendritic cytoskeletal proteins in the hippocampus. 
  • NMDA-induced apoptosis in mixed neuronal/glial cortical cell cultures: the effects of isoflurane and dizocilpine. 
  • Nano-architectural alterations in mucus layer fecal colonocytes in field carcinogenesis: potential for screening. 
  • Nanocarrier-mediated inhibition of macrophage migration inhibitory factor attenuates secondary injury after spinal cord injury. 
  • Nanoparticle-mediated local delivery of Methylprednisolone after spinal cord injury. 
  • Nanoscale laminin coating modulates cortical scarring response around implanted silicon microelectrode arrays. 
  • Narp and NP1 form heterocomplexes that function in developmental and activity-dependent synaptic plasticity. 
  • Nasal toxicity of manganese sulfate and manganese phosphate in young male rats following subchronic (13-week) inhalation exposure. 
  • Near infrared laser-tissue welding using nanoshells as an exogenous absorber. 
  • Near-infrared monitoring of cerebral oxygen sufficiency. I. Spectra of cytochrome c oxidase. 
  • Near-infrared-emissive polymersomes: self-assembled soft matter for in vivo optical imaging. 
  • Necrosis avidity of (99m)Tc(CO)3-labeled pamoic acid derivatives: synthesis and preliminary biological evaluation in animal models of necrosis. 
  • Negative regulation of TSHalpha target gene by thyroid hormone involves histone acetylation and corepressor complex dissociation. 
  • Negative-feedback loop attenuates hydrostatic lung edema via a cGMP-dependent regulation of transient receptor potential vanilloid 4. 
  • Neo-angiogenesis and the premalignant micro-circulatory augmentation of early colon carcinogenesis. 
  • Neocortical disynaptic inhibition requires somatodendritic integration in interneurons. 
  • Neonatal 6-hydroxydopamine lesions of the frontal cortex in rats: persisting effects on locomotor activity, learning and nicotine self-administration. 
  • Neonatal Escherichia coli infection alters glial, cytokine, and neuronal gene expression in response to acute amphetamine in adolescent rats. 
  • Neonatal bacterial infection alters fever to live and simulated infections in adulthood. 
  • Neonatal central catecholaminergic lesions with intracisternal 6-hydroxydopamine: effects on development of presynaptic and postsynaptic components of peripheral sympathetic pathways and on the ornithine decarboxylase/polyamine system in heart, lung and kidney. 
  • Neonatal chlorpyrifos administration elicits deficits in immune function in adulthood: a neural effect? 
  • Neonatal chlorpyrifos exposure alters synaptic development and neuronal activity in cholinergic and catecholaminergic pathways. 
  • Neonatal chlorpyrifos exposure targets multiple proteins governing the hepatic adenylyl cyclase signaling cascade: implications for neurotoxicity. 
  • Neonatal chronic hind paw inflammation alters sensitization to intradermal capsaicin in adult rats: a behavioral and immunocytochemical study. 
  • Neonatal dexamethasone treatment leads to alterations in cell signaling cascades controlling hepatic and cardiac function in adulthood. 
  • Neonatal experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis. 
  • Neonatal exposure to low doses of diazinon: long-term effects on neural cell development and acetylcholine systems. 
  • Neonatal exposure to parathion alters lipid metabolism in adulthood: Interactions with dietary fat intake and implications for neurodevelopmental deficits. 
  • Neonatal hyperoxia alters the pulmonary alveolar and capillary structure of 40-day-old rats. 
  • Neonatal hyperthyroidism causes premature development of baroreceptor-mediated cardiac sympathetic reflexes. 
  • Neonatal infection induces memory impairments following an immune challenge in adulthood. 
  • Neonatal infection-induced memory impairment after lipopolysaccharide in adulthood is prevented via caspase-1 inhibition. 
  • Neonatal methylmercury poisoning in the rat: effects on development of central catecholamine neurotransmitter systems. 
  • Neonatal methylmercury poisoning in the rat: effects on development of peripheral sympathetic nervous system. Neuronal participation in methylmercury-induced cardiac and renal overgrowth. 
  • Neonatal nutritional deprivation or enhancement: the cardiac-sympathetic axis and its role in cardiac growth and stress responses. 
  • Neonatal organophosphorus pesticide exposure alters the developmental trajectory of cell-signaling cascades controlling metabolism: differential effects of diazinon and parathion. 
  • Neonatal parathion exposure and interactions with a high-fat diet in adulthood: Adenylyl cyclase-mediated cell signaling in heart, liver and cerebellum. 
  • Neonatal parathion exposure disrupts serotonin and dopamine synaptic function in rat brain regions: modulation by a high-fat diet in adulthood. 
  • Neonatal polyamine depletion by alpha-difluoromethylornithine: effects on adenylyl cyclase cell signaling are separable from effects on brain region growth. 
  • Neonatal rat pinealocytes: typical and atypical characteristics of [125I]iodohydroxybenzylpindolol binding and adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate accumulation. 
  • Neonatal sympathectomy compromises development of responses of ornithine decarboxylase to hormonal stimulation in peripheral tissues. 
  • Neonatal whisker removal in rats stabilizes a transient projection from the auditory thalamus to the primary somatosensory cortex. 
  • Neonatal whisker removal reduces the discrimination of tactile stimuli by thalamic ensembles in adult rats. 
  • Nephrotoxicity of sevoflurane compound A [fluoromethyl-2,2-difluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)vinyl ether] in rats: evidence for glutathione and cysteine conjugate formation and the role of renal cysteine conjugate beta-lyase. 
  • Nerve activity-dependent modulation of calcineurin signaling in adult fast and slow skeletal muscle fibers. 
  • Nerve conduction blockade in the sciatic nerve prevents but does not reverse the activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in spinal microglia in the rat spared nerve injury model. 
  • Nerve excitation using an amplitude-modulated signal with kilohertz-frequency carrier and non-zero offset. 
  • Nerve growth factor and its low-affinity receptor promote Schwann cell migration. 
  • Nerve growth factor specifically stimulates translation of eukaryotic elongation factor 1A-1 (eEF1A-1) mRNA by recruitment to polyribosomes in PC12 cells. 
  • Netrin-1 and peripheral nerve regeneration in the adult rat. 
  • Network level properties of short-term plasticity in the somatosensory system. 
  • Neurabin/protein phosphatase-1 complex regulates dendritic spine morphogenesis and maturation. 
  • Neurabins recruit protein phosphatase-1 and inhibitor-2 to the actin cytoskeleton. 
  • Neural adaptation in imipramine-treated rats processed in forced swim test: assessment of time course, handling, rat strain and amine uptake. 
  • Neural and glial-mediated effects of growth factors acting via tyrosine kinase receptors on luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone neurons. 
  • Neural control of urethral outlet activity in vivo: role of nitric oxide. 
  • Neural correlates of single-vessel haemodynamic responses in vivo. 
  • Neural ensemble coding of satiety states. 
  • Neural factors in the development of renal function: effect of neonatal central catecholaminergic lesions with 6-hydroxydopamine. 
  • Neural input and the development of adrenergic intracellular signaling: neonatal denervation evokes neither receptor upregulation nor persistent supersensitivity of adenylate cyclase. 
  • Neural mechanism of acupuncture-induced gastric relaxations in rats. 
  • Neural network mechanisms of oscillatory brain states: characterization using simultaneous multi-single neuron recordings. 
  • Neural plasticity and addiction: integrin-linked kinase and cocaine behavioral sensitization. 
  • Neural responses to bitter compounds in rats. 
  • Neural systems for early independent ingestion: regional metabolic changes during ingestive responding and dehydration. 
  • Neuregulin-1 enhances depolarization-induced GABA release. 
  • Neuregulin-induced expression of the acetylcholine receptor requires endocytosis of ErbB receptors. 
  • Neurite outgrowth from progeny of epidermal growth factor-responsive hippocampal stem cells is significantly less robust than from fetal hippocampal cells following grafting onto organotypic hippocampal slice cultures: effect of brain-derived neurotrophic factor. 
  • Neurite outgrowth is enhanced by anti-idiotypic monoclonal antibodies to the ganglioside GM1. 
  • Neuroactive steroids, mood stabilizers, and neuroplasticity: alterations following lithium and changes in Bcl-2 knockout mice. 
  • Neuroanatomical evidence for a putative autocrine/paracrine signaling system involving nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, purinergic receptors, and nitric oxide synthase in the airways. 
  • Neuroanatomical relationships of substance P-immunoreactive intrapulmonary C-fibers and nicotinic cholinergic receptors. 
  • Neurobehavioral effects of chronic dietary and repeated high-level spike exposure to chlorpyrifos in rats. 
  • Neurobehavioral effects of chronic halothane exposure during developmental and juvenile periods in the rat. 
  • Neurobehavioral toxicology of halothane in rats. 
  • Neurobiochemical changes in tardive dyskinesia. 
  • Neurochemical effects of chronic dietary and repeated high-level acute exposure to chlorpyrifos in rats. 
  • Neurofilament-L is a protein phosphatase-1-binding protein associated with neuronal plasma membrane and post-synaptic density. 
  • Neuroinflammation and behavioral abnormalities after neonatal terbutaline treatment in rats: implications for autism. 
  • Neurokinin-1 receptor enhances TRPV1 activity in primary sensory neurons via PKCepsilon: a novel pathway for heat hyperalgesia. 
  • Neuroleptic-induced oral movements in rats: methodological issues. 
  • Neurological deficits induced by malathion, DEET, and permethrin, alone or in combination in adult rats. 
  • Neurological injury during cardiopulmonary bypass in the rat. 
  • Neuromuscular blocking properties of suxamethonium and decamethonium in normal and myasthenic rat muscle. 
  • Neuronal activity in the primary somatosensory thalamocortical loop is modulated by reward contingency during tactile discrimination. 
  • Neuronal apoptosis associated with morphine tolerance: evidence for an opioid-induced neurotoxic mechanism. 
  • Neuronal cell attachment to fluorinated ethylene propylene films with covalently immobilized laminin oligopeptides YIGSR and IKVAV. II. 
  • Neuronal cell death in a rat model of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy is induced by the initial status epilepticus and not by later repeated spontaneous seizures. 
  • Neuronal control of cardiac and hepatic macromolecule synthesis in the neonatal rat: effects of sympathectomy. 
  • Neuronal ensemble bursting in the basal forebrain encodes salience irrespective of valence. 
  • Neuronal expression of bitter taste receptors and downstream signaling molecules in the rat brainstem. 
  • Neuronal localization of the enhanced adenylate cyclase responsiveness to catecholamines in the rat cerebral cortex following reserpine injections. 
  • Neuronal morphology generates high-frequency firing resonance. 
  • Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in rat trigeminal ganglia. 
  • Neuronal nitric-oxide synthase interaction with calmodulin-troponin C chimeras. 
  • Neuronal pentraxin 1: a novel mediator of hypoxic-ischemic injury in neonatal brain. 
  • Neuronal-glial interactions: complexity of neurite outgrowth correlates with substrate adhesivity of serotonergic neurons. 
  • Neuropathic pain is constitutively suppressed in early life by anti-inflammatory neuroimmune regulation. 
  • Neuropeptide Y and galanin binding sites in rat and monkey lumbar dorsal root ganglia and spinal cord and effect of peripheral axotomy. 
  • Neuropeptide Y in the recurrent mossy fiber pathway. 
  • Neuropeptide Y regulates recurrent mossy fiber synaptic transmission less effectively in mice than in rats: Correlation with Y2 receptor plasticity. 
  • Neuropeptides modulate compound postsynaptic potentials in basolateral amygdala. 
  • Neuropeptides modulate rat chorda tympani responses. 
  • Neuropilin-1 functions as a VEGFR2 co-receptor to guide developmental angiogenesis independent of ligand binding. 
  • Neuroprotection from delayed postischemic administration of a metalloporphyrin catalytic antioxidant. 
  • Neuroprotective Pentapeptide, CN-105, Improves Outcomes in Translational Models of Intracerebral Hemorrhage. 
  • Neuroprotective effect of NMDA receptor glycine recognition site antagonism persists when brain temperature is controlled. 
  • Neuroprotective effect of chronic infusion of basic fibroblast growth factor on seizure-associated hippocampal damage. 
  • Neuroprotective effect of curcumin in an experimental rat model of subarachnoid hemorrhage. 
  • Neuroprotective effect of felbamate after kainic acid-induced status epilepticus. 
  • Neuroprotective effects of NMDA receptor glycine recognition site antagonism: dependence on glycine concentration. 
  • Neuroprotective effects of creatine administration against NMDA and malonate toxicity. 
  • Neuroprotective effects of creatine and cyclocreatine in animal models of Huntington's disease. 
  • Neuroprotective effects of group III mGluR in traumatic neuronal injury. 
  • Neuroprotective efficacy from a lipophilic redox-modulating Mn(III) N-Hexylpyridylporphyrin, MnTnHex-2-PyP: rodent models of ischemic stroke and subarachnoid hemorrhage. 
  • Neurosteroid modulation of GABAergic neurotransmission in the central amygdala: a role for NMDA receptors. 
  • Neurosteroid modulation of embryonic neuronal survival in vitro following anoxia. 
  • Neurotensin interacts with dopaminergic neurons in rat brain. 
  • Neurotensin reduces glutamatergic transmission in the dorsolateral striatum via retrograde endocannabinoid signaling. 
  • Neurotensin releases norepinephrine differentially from perfused hypothalamus of sated and fasted rat. 
  • Neurotensin-induced dopamine release in vivo and in vitro from substantia nigra and nucleus caudate. 
  • Neurotoxicity of carbonyl sulfide in F344 rats following inhalation exposure for up to 12 weeks. 
  • Neurotoxicity of ethyl methacrylate in rats. 
  • Neurotoxicity of manganese chloride in neonatal and adult CD rats following subchronic (21-day) high-dose oral exposure. 
  • Neurotrophin regulation of ionic currents and cell size depends on cell context. 
  • Neurotrophins affect the pattern of DRG neurite growth in a bioassay that presents a choice of CNS and PNS substrates. 
  • Neurotrophins: peripherally and centrally acting modulators of tactile stimulus-induced inflammatory pain hypersensitivity. 
  • Neutrophil elastase increases airway epithelial nonheme iron levels. 
  • Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in normal and neoplastic human tissues. Cell type-specific pattern of expression. 
  • Neutrophils plug capillaries in acute experimental retinal ischemia. 
  • New azacannabinoids highly active in the central nervous system. 
  • New double-lumen polyethylene cannula for push-pull perfusion of brain tissue in vivo. 
  • New in vitro model of traumatic neuronal injury: evaluation of secondary injury and glutamate receptor-mediated neurotoxicity. 
  • New insights into protein S-nitrosylation. Mitochondria as a model system. 
  • New insights into the mechanism of methoxyflurane nephrotoxicity and implications for anesthetic development (part 1): Identification of the nephrotoxic metabolic pathway. 
  • New insights into the mechanism of methoxyflurane nephrotoxicity and implications for anesthetic development (part 2): Identification of nephrotoxic metabolites. 
  • New insights on the mechanism(s) of the dominant negative effect of mutant thyroid hormone receptor in generalized resistance to thyroid hormone. 
  • New routes to early memories. 
  • Newly Developed Recombinant Antithrombin Protects the Endothelial Glycocalyx in an Endotoxin-Induced Rat Model of Sepsis. 
  • Newly Revised Quantitative PCR-Based Assay for Mitochondrial and Nuclear DNA Damage. 
  • Newly identified brain potassium channels gated by the guanine nucleotide binding protein Go. 
  • Niclosamide: Beyond an antihelminthic drug. 
  • Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and its metabolites inhibit T lymphocyte proliferation: role of cell surface NAD glycohydrolase and pyrophosphatase activities. 
  • Nicotinamide pre-treatment ameliorates NAD(H) hyperoxidation and improves neuronal function after severe hypoxia. 
  • Nicotine activates TRPM5-dependent and independent taste pathways. 
  • Nicotine administration in adolescence reprograms the subsequent response to nicotine treatment and withdrawal in adulthood: sex-selective effects on cerebrocortical serotonergic function. 
  • Nicotine and clozapine actions on pre-pulse inhibition deficits caused by N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamatergic receptor blockade. 
  • Nicotine and clozapine effects on attentional performance impaired by the NMDA antagonist dizocilpine in female rats. 
  • Nicotine and the adolescent brain: insights from an animal model. 
  • Nicotine enhances stimulus detection performance of middle- and old-aged rats: a longitudinal study. 
  • Nicotine evokes cell death in embryonic rat brain during neurulation. 
  • Nicotine exposure in adolescence alters the response of serotonin systems to nicotine administered subsequently in adulthood. 
  • Nicotine increases in vivo blood-brain barrier permeability and alters cerebral microvascular tight junction protein distribution. 
  • Nicotine inhibits voltage-dependent sodium channels and sensitizes vanilloid receptors. 
  • Nicotine interactions with haloperidol, clozapine and risperidone and working memory function in rats. 
  • Nicotine is a developmental neurotoxicant and neuroprotectant: stage-selective inhibition of DNA synthesis coincident with shielding from effects of chlorpyrifos. 
  • Nicotine is a neurotoxin in the adolescent brain: critical periods, patterns of exposure, regional selectivity, and dose thresholds for macromolecular alterations. 
  • Nicotine-alcohol interactions and attentional performance on an operant visual signal detection task in female rats. 
  • Nicotine-alcohol interactions and cognitive function in rats. 
  • Nicotine-antipsychotic drug interactions and attentional performance in female rats. 
  • Nicotine-dizocilpine interactions and working and reference memory performance of rats in the radial-arm maze. 
  • Nicotinic and muscarinic interactions and choice accuracy in the radial-arm maze. 
  • Nicotinic antagonist administration into the ventral hippocampus and spatial working memory in rats. 
  • Nicotinic antagonist effects in the mediodorsal thalamic nucleus: regional heterogeneity of nicotinic receptor involvement in cognitive function. 
  • Nicotinic binding in rat brain: autoradiographic comparison of [3H]acetylcholine, [3H]nicotine, and [125I]-alpha-bungarotoxin. 
  • Nicotinic cholinergic receptor binding sites in the brain: regulation in vivo. 
  • Nicotinic cholinergic receptors labeled by [3H]acetylcholine in rat brain. 
  • Nicotinic effects on cognitive function: behavioral characterization, pharmacological specification, and anatomic localization. 
  • Nicotinic mechanisms of memory: effects of acute local DHbetaE and MLA infusions in the basolateral amygdala. 
  • Nicotinic receptors in the habenula: importance for memory. 
  • Nicotinic, muscarinic and dopaminergic actions in the ventral hippocampus and the nucleus accumbens: effects on spatial working memory in rats. 
  • Nicotinic-dopaminergic relationships and radial-arm maze performance in rats. 
  • Nicotinic-glutamatergic interactions and attentional performance on an operant visual signal detection task in female rats. 
  • Nicotinic-serotonergic drug interactions and attentional performance in rats. 
  • Nitric oxide amplifies the excitatory to inhibitory neurotransmitter imbalance accelerating oxygen seizures. 
  • Nitric oxide and acetaminophen-mediated oxidative injury: modulation of interleukin-1-induced nitric oxide synthesis in cultured rat hepatocytes. 
  • Nitric oxide and cerebral blood flow responses to hyperbaric oxygen. 
  • Nitric oxide and differential effects of ATP on mitochondrial permeability transition. 
  • Nitric oxide as an inflammatory mediator in autoimmune MRL-lpr/lpr mice. 
  • Nitric oxide decreases oxidant-mediated hepatocyte injury. 
  • Nitric oxide involvement in reperfusion injury of denervated muscle. 
  • Nitric oxide modulates branching morphogenesis in fetal rat lung explants. 
  • Nitric oxide production is enhanced in rat brain before oxygen-induced convulsions. 
  • Nitric oxide synthase from cerebellum catalyzes the formation of equimolar quantities of nitric oxide and citrulline from L-arginine. 
  • Nitric oxide synthase inhibition and extracellular glutamate concentration after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. 
  • Nitric oxide synthase inhibition irreversibly decreases perfusion in the R3230Ac rat mammary adenocarcinoma. 
  • Nitric oxide synthase is an active enzyme in the spiral ganglion cells of the rat cochlea. 
  • Nitric oxide-associated regulation of hepatocyte glutathione synthesis is a guanylyl cyclase-independent event. 
  • Nitric oxide-generating hydrogels inhibit neointima formation. 
  • Nitric oxide-generating polymers reduce platelet adhesion and smooth muscle cell proliferation. 
  • Nitric oxide-mediated central sympathetic excitation promotes CNS and pulmonary O₂ toxicity. 
  • Nitric oxide-producing polyurethanes. 
  • Nitric oxide-releasing polymeric microspheres improve diabetes-related erectile dysfunction. 
  • Nitric oxide-releasing polyurethane-PEG copolymer containing the YIGSR peptide promotes endothelialization with decreased platelet adhesion. 
  • Nitric-oxide synthase output state. Design and properties of nitric-oxide synthase oxygenase/FMN domain constructs. 
  • Nitrogen load in rats exposed to 8 ATA from 10-35 degrees C does not influence decompression sickness risk. 
  • Nkx6.1 regulates islet β-cell proliferation via Nr4a1 and Nr4a3 nuclear receptors. 
  • Nociceptive-specific activation of ERK in spinal neurons contributes to pain hypersensitivity. 
  • Nociceptors are interleukin-1beta sensors. 
  • Non-human to human organ transplantation: its biologic basis and a potential role for radiation therapy. 
  • Non-insulin-dependent diabetic microangiopathy in the inner ear. 
  • Non-monotonic kilohertz frequency neural block thresholds arise from amplitude- and frequency-dependent charge imbalance. 
  • Non-neurogenic adrenal catecholamine release in the neonatal rat: exocytosis or diffusion? 
  • Non-neurogenic mechanism for reserpine-induced release of catecholamines from the adrenal medulla of neonatal rats: possible modulation by opiate receptors. 
  • Non-neurogenic stimulation of adrenomedullary secretion during endotoxicosis in the one day old rat. 
  • Non-phosphorylated neurofilament protein immunoreactivity in adult and developing rat hippocampus: specificity and application in grafting studies. 
  • Nonenzymatic functions of acetylcholinesterase splice variants in the developmental neurotoxicity of organophosphates: chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos oxon, and diazinon. 
  • Nonenzymatic role of acetylcholinesterase in neuritic sprouting: regional changes in acetylcholinesterase and choline acetyltransferase after neonatal 6-hydroxydopamine lesions. 
  • Nonhistone chromosomal proteins of the developing rat testis. 
  • Noninvasive visualization of blood flow in the choriocapillaris of the rat. 
  • Noninvasive visualization of tumors in rodent dorsal skin window chambers. 
  • Noninvasively induced degeneration of neocortical pyramidal neurons in vivo: selective targeting by laser activation of retrogradely transported photolytic chromophore. 
  • Nonlinear processing of tactile information in the thalamocortical loop. 
  • Nontoxic nerve guide tubes support neovascular growth in transected rat optic nerve. 
  • Noradrenaline treatment of rats stimulates H2O2 generation in liver mitochondria. 
  • Norepinephrine content of the rat kidney during development: alterations induced by perinatal methadone. 
  • Norepinephrine induces hepatic fibrogenesis in leptin deficient ob/ob mice. 
  • Normal aging alters in vivo passive biomechanical response of the rat gastrocnemius-Achilles muscle-tendon unit. 
  • Normal flux through ATP-citrate lyase or fatty acid synthase is not required for glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. 
  • Normal luminal bacteria, especially Bacteroides species, mediate chronic colitis, gastritis, and arthritis in HLA-B27/human beta2 microglobulin transgenic rats. 
  • Novel adamantyl cannabinoids as CB1 receptor probes. 
  • Novel and effective gene transfer technique for study of vascular renin angiotensin system. 
  • Novel anisotropic engineered cardiac tissues: studies of electrical propagation. 
  • Novel approach in LC-MS/MS using MRM to generate a full profile of acyl-CoAs: discovery of acyl-dephospho-CoAs. 
  • Novel dry powder preparations of whole inactivated influenza virus for nasal vaccination. 
  • Novel heparanase-inhibiting antibody reduces neointima formation. 
  • Novel human alpha1a-adrenoceptor single nucleotide polymorphisms alter receptor pharmacology and biological function. 
  • Novel hybrid action of GABA mediates inhibitory feedback in the mammalian retina. 
  • Novel in vitro gene transfer method for study of local modulators in vascular smooth muscle cells. 
  • Novel insulinoma cell lines produced by iterative engineering of GLUT2, glucokinase, and human insulin expression. 
  • Novel micropatterned cardiac cell cultures with realistic ventricular microstructure. 
  • Novel nanostructured scaffolds as therapeutic replacement options for rotator cuff disease. 
  • Novel repression of Kcc2 transcription by REST-RE-1 controls developmental switch in neuronal chloride. 
  • Novel role of the nociceptin system as a regulator of glutamate transporter expression in developing astrocytes. 
  • Novelty-induced locomotion is positively associated with cocaine ingestion in adolescent rats; anxiety is correlated in adults. 
  • Nox2 Inhibition Regulates Stress Response and Mitigates Skeletal Muscle Fiber Atrophy during Simulated Microgravity. 
  • Nramp2 is mutated in the anemic Belgrade (b) rat: evidence of a role for Nramp2 in endosomal iron transport. 
  • Nuclear factor-kappa B regulates pain and COMT expression in a rodent model of inflammation. 
  • Nuclear factor-kappaB mediates Kupffer cell apoptosis through transcriptional activation of Fas/FasL. 
  • Nucleotide regulation of soluble guanylate cyclase substrate specificity. 
  • Nucleotide sequence of mouse SCIP cDNA, a POU-domain transcription factor. 
  • Nucleotide sequence preference at rat liver and wheat germ type 1 DNA topoisomerase breakage sites in duplex SV40 DNA. 
  • Nucleus Accumbens AMPA Receptors Are Necessary for Morphine-Withdrawal-Induced Negative-Affective States in Rats. 
  • Nutrient-independent increases in proglucagon and ornithine decarboxylase messenger RNAs after jejunoileal resection. 
  • Nutrition Modulation of Cardiotoxicity and Anticancer Efficacy Related to Doxorubicin Chemotherapy by Glutamine and ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids. 
  • Nutritional influences on adrenal chromaffin cell development: comparison with central neurons. 
  • O2 dependence of in vivo brain cytochrome redox responses and energy metabolism in bloodless rats. 
  • O=O NO: it's CO. 
  • OB-Rb gene transfer to leptin-resistant islets reverses diabetogenic phenotype. 
  • OGP functionalized phenylalanine-based poly(ester urea) for enhancing osteoinductive potential of human mesenchymal stem cells. 
  • Obesity increases sensitivity to endotoxin liver injury: implications for the pathogenesis of steatohepatitis. 
  • Obesity induced by a high-fat diet downregulates apolipoprotein A-IV gene expression in rat hypothalamus. 
  • Obligatory role of thyroid hormones in development of peripheral sympathetic and central nervous system catecholaminergic neurons: effects of propylthiouracil-induced hypothyroidism on transmitter levels, turnover and release. 
  • Obscurin interacts with a novel isoform of MyBP-C slow at the periphery of the sarcomeric M-band and regulates thick filament assembly. 
  • Observations on the effect of hypotonic solutions on the myelin sheath in the central nervous system. 
  • Obstructed axonal transport of BDNF and its receptor TrkB in experimental glaucoma. 
  • Obstructive nephropathy in the rat: possible roles for the renin-angiotensin system, prostaglandins, and thromboxanes in postobstructive renal function. 
  • Ocular melanoma in a Long Evans rat. 
  • Odorant receptors and desensitization proteins colocalize in mammalian sperm. 
  • Oestrogen receptors enhance dopamine neurone survival in rat midbrain. 
  • Of Rats and Men: a Translational Model To Understand Vancomycin Pharmacokinetic/Toxicodynamic Relationships. 
  • Okadaic acid mimics the action of insulin in stimulating protein kinase activity in isolated adipocytes. The role of protein phosphatase 2a in attenuation of the signal. 
  • Olanzapine and clozapine increase the GABAergic neuroactive steroid allopregnanolone in rodents. 
  • Olanzapine and fluoxetine administration and coadministration increase rat hippocampal pregnenolone, allopregnanolone and peripheral deoxycorticosterone: implications for therapeutic actions. 
  • Olanzapine increases allopregnanolone in the rat cerebral cortex. 
  • Olanzapine interactions with nicotine and mecamylamine in rats: effects on memory function. 
  • Olfactory desensitization requires membrane targeting of receptor kinase mediated by beta gamma-subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins. 
  • Olfactory marker protein mRNA is found in axons of olfactory receptor neurons. 
  • On gap junction structure. 
  • On the occurrence of cytochrome P-450 and aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity in rat brain. 
  • On the relation between seizures and brain lesions after intracerebroventricular kainic acid. 
  • On-line coupling of in vivo microdialysis sampling with capillary electrophoresis. 
  • Ongoing electrical activity of superior cervical ganglion cells in mammals of different size. 
  • Ontogenesis of prolactin receptor gene expression in the rat olfactory system: potential roles for lactogenic hormones in olfactory development. 
  • Ontogenesis of prolactin receptors in the human fetus in early gestation. Implications for tissue differentiation and development. 
  • Ontogenetic changes in laminar distribution of ornithine decarboxylase during development of cerebellar cortex: autoradiographic localization with [3H]alpha-difluoromethylornithine. 
  • Ontogenetic differences in the regional and cellular acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase activity in the rat brain. 
  • Ontogenetic studies of tolerance development: effects of chronic morphine on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. 
  • Ontogenetic transition of cardiac myosin heavy chain isoforms in rat ventricle: effects of fetal exposure to beta-adrenergic agonists or antagonists. 
  • Ontogeny and localization of TGF-beta type I receptor expression during lung development. 
  • Ontogeny of (--)-[3H]norepinephrine uptake properties of synaptic storage vesicles of rat brain. 
  • Ontogeny of G-protein expression: control by beta-adrenoceptors. 
  • Ontogeny of adrenomedullary responses to hypoxia and hypoglycemia: role of splanchnic innervation. 
  • Ontogeny of beta-adrenoceptor/adenylyl cyclase desensitization mechanisms: the role of neonatal innervation. 
  • Ontogeny of cardiac beta-adrenoceptor desensitization mechanisms: agonist treatment enhances receptor/G-protein transduction rather than eliciting uncoupling. 
  • Ontogeny of corticocortical projections of the rat somatosensory cortex. 
  • Ontogeny of endocrine responses to methadone in rats. 
  • Ontogeny of feeding motor patterns in infant rats: an electromyographic analysis of suckling and chewing. 
  • Ontogeny of food deprivation effects on ornithine decarboxylase: ornithine decarboxylase induction by alpha and beta agonists. 
  • Ontogeny of hepatic and plasma metabolism of deltamethrin in vitro: role in age-dependent acute neurotoxicity. 
  • Ontogeny of histaminergic neurotransmission in the rat brain: concomitant development of neuronal histamine, H-1 receptors, and H-1 receptor-mediated stimulation of phospholipid turnover. 
  • Ontogeny of mu- and kappa-opiate receptor control of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis in rats. 
  • Ontogeny of rat hepatic adrenoceptors. 
  • Ontogeny of rat lung type II cells correlated with surfactant lipid and surfactant apoprotein expression. 
  • Ontogeny of regulatory mechanisms for beta-adrenoceptor control of rat cardiac adenylyl cyclase: targeting of G-proteins and the cyclase catalytic subunit. 
  • Ontogeny of seizure-induced increases in BDNF immunoreactivity and TrkB receptor activation in rat hippocampus. 
  • Ontogeny of stress effects on ornithine decarboxylase activity in rats. 
  • Ontogeny of the behavioral response to dopamine agonists after chronic cocaine. 
  • Open thoracic surgical implantation of cardiac pacemakers in rats. 
  • Operant regulation of feeding: a static analysis. 
  • Opiate antagonist treatment reinstates estrous cycles in middle-aged persistent-estrous rats. 
  • Opiate withdrawal in the neonatal rat: relationship to duration of treatment and naloxone dose. 
  • Opioid Self-Administration is Attenuated by Early-Life Experience and Gene Therapy for Anti-Inflammatory IL-10 in the Nucleus Accumbens of Male Rats. 
  • Opioid inhibition of luteinizing hormone release declines with age and acyclicity in female rats. 
  • Opioid receptor blockade prevents propofol-induced hypotension in rats. 
  • Opioid-induced epileptiform bursting in hippocampal slices: higher susceptibility in ventral than dorsal hippocampus. 
  • Opioid-mediated facilitation of long-term potentiation at the lateral perforant path-dentate granule cell synapse. 
  • Opposing action of conantokin-G on synaptically and extrasynaptically-activated NMDA receptors. 
  • Opposing effects of 60% oxygen and neutrophil influx on alveologenesis in the neonatal rat. 
  • Opposite effects of a D1 and a D2 agonist on oral movements in rats. 
  • Opposite effects of lead on chemical carcinogenesis in kidney and liver of rats. 
  • Opposite modulation of capsaicin-evoked substance P release by glutamate receptors. 
  • Optical imaging of hippocampal neurons with a chloride-sensitive dye: early effects of in vitro ischemia. 
  • Optical imaging of intracellular chloride in living brain slices. 
  • Optical imaging reveals elevated intracellular chloride in hippocampal pyramidal neurons after oxidative stress. 
  • Optical mapping of translucence changes in rat hippocampal slices during hypoxia. 
  • Optimal information storage and the distribution of synaptic weights: perceptron versus Purkinje cell. 
  • Optimal interval for hot water immersion tail-flick test in rats. 
  • Optimization of 2,4-diarylanilines as non-nucleoside HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitors. 
  • Optimized radiographic spectra for small animal digital subtraction angiography. 
  • Optimized temporal pattern of brain stimulation designed by computational evolution. 
  • Optimizing a novel regional chemotherapeutic agent against melanoma: hyperthermia-induced enhancement of temozolomide cytotoxicity. 
  • Optimizing the translational value of animal models of glomerulonephritis: insights from recent murine prototypes. 
  • Oral glutamine enhances heat shock protein expression and improves survival following hyperthermia. 
  • Oral habituation in rat pups is in the brainstem. 
  • Oral sazetidine-A, a selective α4β2* nicotinic receptor desensitizing agent, reduces nicotine self-administration in rats. 
  • Orbitofrontal ensemble activity monitors licking and distinguishes among natural rewards. 
  • Orchidectomy induces temporal and regional changes in the synthesis and processing of the LHRH prohormone in the rat brain. 
  • Organ specificity of neonatal methyl mercury hydroxide poisoning in the rat: effects of ornithine decarboxylase activity in developing tissues. 
  • Organization and analysis of the complete rat calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV gene. 
  • Organization of intralaminar and translaminar neuronal connectivity in the superficial spinal dorsal horn. 
  • Organization of the MASP2 locus and its expression profile in mouse and rat. 
  • Organization of the intermediate gray layer of the superior colliculus. I. Intrinsic vertical connections. 
  • Organizational changes in cholinergic activity and enhanced visuospatial memory as a function of choline administered prenatally or postnatally or both. 
  • Organizational effects of early gonadal secretions on sexual differentiation in spatial memory. 
  • Organophosphate exposure during a critical developmental stage reprograms adenylyl cyclase signaling in PC12 cells. 
  • Organophosphate insecticides target the serotonergic system in developing rat brain regions: disparate effects of diazinon and parathion at doses spanning the threshold for cholinesterase inhibition. 
  • Origin of fetal troponin T: developmentally regulated splicing of a new exon in the fast troponin T gene. 
  • Origins of fecal neutral steroids in rats. 
  • Ornithine decarboxylase and polyamines in tissues of the neonatal rat: effects of alpha-difluoromethylornithine, a specific, irreversible inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase. 
  • Ornithine decarboxylase in developing rat heart and brain: role of sympathetic development for responses to autonomic stimulants and the effects of reserpine on maturation. 
  • Orphan nuclear receptors in T lymphocyte development. 
  • Oscillatory bands, neuronal synchrony and hippocampal function: implications of the effects of prenatal choline supplementation for sleep-dependent memory consolidation. 
  • Osteopontin expression during early cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats: enhanced expression in the right cortex is suppressed by acetaminophen. 
  • Osteopontin expression in particle-induced lung disease. 
  • Outer dense fiber proteins are dominant postobstruction autoantigens in adult Lewis rats. 
  • Ovarian effects of a high lactose diet in the female rat. 
  • Over-pressure suppresses ultrasonic-induced drug uptake. 
  • Overcompensation of CoA Trapping by Di(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate (DEHP) Metabolites in Livers of Wistar Rats. 
  • Overexpression of G11alpha and isoforms of phospholipase C in islet beta-cells reveals a lack of correlation between inositol phosphate accumulation and insulin secretion. 
  • Overexpression of VMAT-2 and DT-diaphorase protects substantia nigra-derived cells against aminochrome neurotoxicity. 
  • Overexpression of alpha 2-adrenergic receptors in fetal rat heart: receptors in search of a function. 
  • Overexpression of androgen-binding protein/sex hormone-binding globulin in male transgenic mice: tissue distribution and phenotypic disorders. 
  • Overexpression of annexin a1 induced by terephthalic acid calculi in rat bladder cancer. 
  • Overexpression of hexokinase I in isolated islets of Langerhans via recombinant adenovirus. Enhancement of glucose metabolism and insulin secretion at basal but not stimulatory glucose levels. 
  • Overexpression of human catalase inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis in vascular smooth muscle cells. 
  • Overexpression of leptin receptors in pancreatic islets of Zucker diabetic fatty rats restores GLUT-2, glucokinase, and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. 
  • Overexpression of lysyl oxidase to increase matrix crosslinking and improve tissue strength in dermal wound healing. 
  • Overexpression of protein targeting to glycogen (PTG) in rat hepatocytes causes profound activation of glycogen synthesis independent of normal hormone- and substrate-mediated regulatory mechanisms. 
  • Overexpression of rat long chain acyl-coa synthetase 1 alters fatty acid metabolism in rat primary hepatocytes. 
  • Overexpression of the P46 (T1) translocase component of the glucose-6-phosphatase complex in hepatocytes impairs glycogen accumulation via hydrolysis of glucose 1-phosphate. 
  • Overexpression of the rat sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase gene in the heart of transgenic mice accelerates calcium transients and cardiac relaxation. 
  • Ovine placental lactogen inhibits glucagon-induced glycogenolysis in fetal rat hepatocytes. 
  • Ovine placental lactogen stimulates amino acid transport in rat diaphragm. 
  • Ovine placental lactogen stimulates glycogen synthesis in fetal rat hepatocytes. 
  • Ovine placental lactogen, but not growth hormone, stimulates amino acid transport in fetal rat diaphragm. 
  • Oxidation of molybdopterin in sulfite oxidase by ferricyanide. Effect on electron transfer activities. 
  • Oxidations in kidney mitochondria of heat-exposed rats: regulation by cytochrome c. 
  • Oxidative and excitatory mechanisms of developmental neurotoxicity: transcriptional profiles for chlorpyrifos, diazinon, dieldrin, and divalent nickel in PC12 cells. 
  • Oxidative mechanisms contributing to the developmental neurotoxicity of nicotine and chlorpyrifos. 
  • Oxidative metabolism in rat hepatocytes and mitochondria during sepsis. 
  • Oxidative stress and adenine nucleotide control of mitochondrial permeability transition. 
  • Oxidative stress from diverse developmental neurotoxicants: antioxidants protect against lipid peroxidation without preventing cell loss. 
  • Oxidative stress increases hepatocyte iNOS gene transcription and promoter activity. 
  • Oxidative stress-induced expression and modulation of Phosphatase of Regenerating Liver-1 (PRL-1) in mammalian retina. 
  • Oxygen distributions within R3230Ac tumors growing in dorsal flap window chambers in rats. 
  • Oxygen regulation of tumor perfusion by S-nitrosohemoglobin reveals a pressor activity of nitric oxide. 
  • Oxygen-coupled redox regulation of the skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ release channel by NADPH oxidase 4. 
  • Oxygen-induced mitochondrial biogenesis in the rat hippocampus. 
  • Oxygenation and vasodilatation in relation to diabetic and other proliferative retinopathies. 
  • P- and L-selectin mediate distinct but overlapping functions in endotoxin-induced leukocyte-endothelial interactions in the rat mesenteric microcirculation. 
  • P38MAP kinase, but not phosphoinositol-3 kinase, signal downstream of glutamine-mediated fibronectin-integrin signaling after intestinal injury. 
  • PCR based determination of mitochondrial DNA copy number in multiple species. 
  • PCR-Based Determination of Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number in Multiple Species. 
  • PD-L1 inhibits acute and chronic pain by suppressing nociceptive neuron activity via PD-1. 
  • PDGF-stimulated fibroblast proliferation is enhanced synergistically by receptor-recognized alpha 2-macroglobulin. 
  • PGC-1beta in the regulation of hepatic glucose and energy metabolism. 
  • PHAS-I as a link between mitogen-activated protein kinase and translation initiation. 
  • PI3 kinase is involved in cocaine behavioral sensitization and its reversal with brain area specificity. 
  • PLP1 alternative splicing in differentiating oligodendrocytes: characterization of an exonic splicing enhancer. 
  • PPI deficit induced by amphetamine is attenuated by the histamine H1 antagonist pyrilamine, but is exacerbated by the serotonin 5-HT2 antagonist ketanserin. 
  • PTEN modulates vascular endothelial growth factor-mediated signaling and angiogenic effects. 
  • PTH/PTHrP Receptor Mediates Cachexia in Models of Kidney Failure and Cancer. 
  • Pain regulation by non-neuronal cells and inflammation. 
  • Pain sensitivity and saccharin intake in alcohol-preferring and -nonpreferring rat strains. 
  • Palmitoylation of neurofascin at a site in the membrane-spanning domain highly conserved among the L1 family of cell adhesion molecules. 
  • Pancreatic beta-cells in obesity. Evidence for induction of functional, morphologic, and metabolic abnormalities by increased long chain fatty acids. 
  • Pancreatic digestive enzyme gene expression: effects of CCK and soybean trypsin inhibitor. 
  • Pancreatic islet cell carcinoma associated with multiple hormone secretion and pancytopenia. Evidence of a serum factor suppressing hematopoiesis. 
  • Pancreatic islets and insulinoma cells express a novel isoform of group VIA phospholipase A2 (iPLA2 beta) that participates in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and is not produced by alternate splicing of the iPLA2 beta transcript. 
  • Pancreatic polypeptide microinjection into the dorsal motor nucleus inhibits pancreatic secretion in rats. 
  • Pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor I reduces the severity of chronic pancreatitis in mice overexpressing interleukin-1β in the pancreas. 
  • Pancreatitis-associated ascitic fluid: effect on the oxygen consumption of liver cells. 
  • Paracrine action accounts for marked protection of ischemic heart by Akt-modified mesenchymal stem cells. 
  • Paracrine modulation of cholangiocyte serotonin synthesis orchestrates biliary remodeling in adults. 
  • Parallel on-axis holographic phase microscopy of biological cells and unicellular microorganism dynamics. 
  • Paramagnetic polymerized liposomes as new recirculating MR contrast agents. 
  • Parameters for lithium treatment are critical in its enhancement of fracture-healing in rodents. 
  • Paraneoplastic pemphigus associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma. 
  • Paraoxon toxicity is not potentiated by prior reduction in blood acetylcholinesterase. 
  • Parasympathetic stimulation via the vagus nerve prevents systemic organ dysfunction by abrogating gut injury and lymph toxicity in trauma and hemorrhagic shock. 
  • Parathyroid hormone secretion and target organ response in experimental acute pancreatitis. 
  • Parathyroidectomy abolishes the increase of renal 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1 alpha-hydroxylase in lactating rats. 
  • Parenteral and enteral metabolism of anaplerotic triheptanoin in normal rats. II. Effects on lipolysis, glucose production, and liver acyl-CoA profile. 
  • Partial agonist activity of the progesterone receptor antagonist RU486 mediated by an amino-terminal domain coactivator and phosphorylation of serine400. 
  • Partial disruption of fear conditioning in rats with unilateral amygdala damage: correspondence with unilateral temporal lobectomy in humans. 
  • Partial purification and characterization of a murine glioma-associated antigen defined by syngeneic rat monoclonal antibodies. 
  • Partial quantification of the associative synaptic learning rule of the dentate gyrus. 
  • Passive biaxial mechanical properties of the rat bladder wall after spinal cord injury. 
  • Passive transfer of human myasthenia gravis to rats: 1. Electrophysiology of the developing neuromuscular block. 
  • Paternal Cannabis Exposure Prior to Mating, but Not Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol, Elicits Deficits in Dopaminergic Synaptic Activity in the Offspring. 
  • Paternal THC exposure in rats causes long-lasting neurobehavioral effects in the offspring. 
  • Pathogenesis of duodenal ulcer. Gastric hyperacidity caused by propionitrile and cysteamine in rats. 
  • Pathogenesis of hepatic steatosis in the parenterally fed rat. 
  • Pathological endoplasmic reticulum stress mediated by the IRE1 pathway contributes to pre-insulitic beta cell apoptosis in a virus-induced rat model of type 1 diabetes. 
  • Pathophysiology of experimental renovascular hypertension. 
  • Pathway analysis using random forests classification and regression. 
  • Pathway from the zona incerta to the superior colliculus in the rat. 
  • Pathway-Specific Asymmetries between ON and OFF Visual Signals. 
  • Patient-derived endothelial progenitor cells improve vascular graft patency in a rodent model. 
  • Pattern of long-distance projections from fetal hippocampal field CA3 and CA1 cell grafts in lesioned CA3 of adult hippocampus follows intrinsic character of respective donor cells. 
  • Patterned low-frequency deep brain stimulation induces motor deficits and modulates cortex-basal ganglia neural activity in healthy rats. 
  • Patterns of convergence in the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus of the Mongolian gerbil: organization of inputs from the superior olivary complex in the low frequency representation. 
  • Patterns of internal and external tetraethylammonium block in four homologous K+ channels. 
  • Pdx-1 activates islet α- and β-cell proliferation via a mechanism regulated by transient receptor potential cation channels 3 and 6 and extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2. 
  • Peak alignment of urine NMR spectra using fuzzy warping. 
  • Peptide binding proclivities of calcium loaded calbindin-D28k. 
  • Peptide hormone "receptors": specific binding of 3 H-FSH to testis. 
  • Peptide specificity determinants at P-7 and P-6 enhance the catalytic efficiency of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I in the absence of activation loop phosphorylation. 
  • Peptide-mediated targeting of the islets of Langerhans. 
  • Peptides and neurotransmitters that affect renin secretion. 
  • Perceiving invisible light through a somatosensory cortical prosthesis. 
  • Perfluorocarbon administration during cardiopulmonary bypass in rats: an inflammatory link to adverse outcome? 
  • Perfluorooctyl bromide (perflubron) attenuates oxidative injury to biological and nonbiological systems. 
  • Perforant path lesion depletes glutamate content of fascia dentata synaptosomes. 
  • Performance of a high-temperature superconducting probe for in vivo microscopy at 2.0 T. 
  • Pergolide interactions with nicotine and pilocarpine in rats on the radial-arm maze. 
  • Periischemic cerebral blood flow (CBF) does not explain beneficial effects of isoflurane on outcome from near-complete forebrain ischemia in rats. 
  • Perinatal choline supplementation increases the threshold for chunking in spatial memory. 
  • Perinatal diazinon exposure compromises the development of acetylcholine and serotonin systems. 
  • Perinatal dietary exposure to soy lecithin: altered sensitivity to central cholinergic stimulation. 
  • Perinatal dietary supplementation with a commercial soy lecithin preparation: effects on behavior and brain biochemistry in the developing rat. 
  • Perinatal dietary supplementation with a soy lecithin preparation: effects on development of central catecholaminergic neurotransmitter systems. 
  • Perinatal exposure to FireMaster® 550 (FM550), brominated or organophosphate flame retardants produces sex and compound specific effects on adult Wistar rat socioemotional behavior. 
  • Perinatal exposure to environmental tobacco smoke induces adenylyl cyclase and alters receptor-mediated cell signaling in brain and heart of neonatal rats. 
  • Perinatal exposure to environmental tobacco smoke upregulates nicotinic cholinergic receptors in monkey brain. 
  • Perinatal exposure to methadone: how do early biochemical alterations cause neurofunctional disturbances? 
  • Perinatal methadone addiction affects brain synaptic development of biogenic amine systems in the rat. 
  • Peripheral axonal injury results in reduced mu opioid receptor pre- and post-synaptic action in the spinal cord. 
  • Peripheral noxious stimulation induces phosphorylation of the NMDA receptor NR1 subunit at the PKC-dependent site, serine-896, in spinal cord dorsal horn neurons. 
  • Peripheral plasma corticotropin-releasing factor concentration does not correlate with augmented colonic motility in response to restraint stress in rats. 
  • Peripheral target regulation of dendritic geometry in the rat superior cervical ganglion. 
  • Peripherally administered CRF stimulates colonic motility via central CRF receptors and vagal pathways in conscious rats. 
  • Perivascular oxygen tensions in a transplantable mammary tumor growing in a dorsal flap window chamber. 
  • Permanent, sex-selective effects of prenatal or adolescent nicotine exposure, separately or sequentially, in rat brain regions: indices of cholinergic and serotonergic synaptic function, cell signaling, and neural cell number and size at 6 months of age. 
  • Permeability of different experimental brain tumor models to horseradish peroxidase. 
  • Permeability properties of rat renal lysosomes. 
  • Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma co-activator 1alpha-mediated metabolic remodeling of skeletal myocytes mimics exercise training and reverses lipid-induced mitochondrial inefficiency. 
  • Peroxynitrite formation in nitric oxide-exposed submitochondrial particles: detection, oxidative damage and catalytic removal by Mn-porphyrins. 
  • Persistence and survival of autologous muscle derived cells versus bovine collagen as potential treatment of stress urinary incontinence. 
  • Persistence of chronic nicotine-induced cognitive facilitation. 
  • Persistence of long, thin chrysotile asbestos fibers in the lungs of rats. 
  • Persistent Catechol-O-methyltransferase-dependent Pain Is Initiated by Peripheral β-Adrenergic Receptors. 
  • Persistent and delayed behavioral changes after nicotine treatment in adolescent rats. 
  • Persistent attenuation of nicotine self-administration in rats by co-administration of chronic nicotine infusion with the dopamine D1 receptor antagonist SCH-23390 or the serotonin 5-HT2C agonist lorcaserin. 
  • Persistent behavioral alterations in rats neonatally exposed to low doses of the organophosphate pesticide, parathion. 
  • Persistent behavioral consequences of neonatal chlorpyrifos exposure in rats. 
  • Persistent c-fos induction by nicotine in developing rat brain regions: interaction with hypoxia. 
  • Persistent cholinergic presynaptic deficits after neonatal chlorpyrifos exposure. 
  • Persistent cognitive alterations in rats after early postnatal exposure to low doses of the organophosphate pesticide, diazinon. 
  • Persistent expression of human clotting factor IX from mouse liver after intravenous injection of adeno-associated virus vectors. 
  • Persistent high alcohol consumption in alcohol-preferring (P) rats results from a lack of normal aversion to alcohol. 
  • Persistent neurobehavioral and neurochemical anomalies in middle-aged rats after maternal diazinon exposure. 
  • Persistent neurobehavioral effects of early postnatal domoic acid exposure in rats. 
  • Persisting behavioral consequences of prenatal domoic acid exposure in rats. 
  • Persisting learning deficits in rats after exposure to Pfiesteria piscicida. 
  • Personalized Radiation Attenuating Materials for Gastrointestinal Mucosal Protection. 
  • Perturbation of fuel homeostasis caused by overexpression of the glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit in liver of normal rats. 
  • Pertussis-toxin-sensitive Galpha subunits selectively bind to C-terminal domain of neuronal GIRK channels: evidence for a heterotrimeric G-protein-channel complex. 
  • Pfiesteria toxin and learning performance. 
  • Phaclofen antagonizes post-tetanic disinhibition in the rat dentate gyrus. 
  • Phagocyte-generated superoxide reduces Fe3+ to displace it from the surface of asbestos. 
  • Phagocytosis and killing of Cryptococcus neoformans by rat alveolar macrophages in the absence of serum. 
  • Phagocytosis of Cryptococcus neoformans by rat alveolar macrophages. 
  • Pharmacokinetic modeling of the lung burden from repeated inhalation of nickel aerosols. 
  • Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of oral oxycodone in healthy human subjects: role of circulating active metabolites. 
  • Pharmacokinetics of antisense oligodeoxyribonucleotides (cyclin B1 and CDC 2 kinase) in the vessel wall in vivo: enhanced therapeutic utility for restenosis by HVJ-liposome delivery. 
  • Pharmacologic evaluation of dopaminergic receptor blockade by metoclopramide. 
  • Pharmacological and toxicological evaluation of 2-fluoro-3-(2(S)-azetidinylmethoxy)pyridine (2-F-A-85380), a ligand for imaging cerebral nicotinic acetylcholine receptors with positron emission tomography. 
  • Pharmacological characteristics of alpha 2-adrenergic receptors: comparison of pharmacologically defined subtypes with subtypes identified by molecular cloning. 
  • Pharmacological correction of hypothermic P(50) shift does not alter outcome from focal cerebral ischemia in rats. 
  • Pharmacological interventions to decompression sickness in rats: comparison of five agents. 
  • Pharmacological stimulation of the cholinergic antiinflammatory pathway. 
  • Pharmacological targeting of the mitochondrial phosphatase PTPMT1. 
  • Pharmacologically-mediated reactivation and reconsolidation blockade of the psychostimulant-abuse circuit: a novel treatment strategy. 
  • Pharmacovirological impact of an integrase inhibitor on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 cDNA species in vivo. 
  • Phasic activation of the external urethral sphincter increases voiding efficiency in the rat and the cat. 
  • Phenobarbital modifies seizure-related brain injury in the developing brain. 
  • Phenotype and function of T cells propagated from donor-specific blood transfusion enhanced and autologous blood transfused rejecting rat renal allografts. 
  • Phenotype and patterns of inflammatory cell infiltration associated with rejection or acceptance of rat liver allografts. 
  • Phenotypic analysis of four human medulloblastoma cell lines and transplantable xenografts. 
  • Phenotypic mapping of metabolic profiles using self-organizing maps of high-dimensional mass spectrometry data. 
  • Phenylalanine hydroxylase activity in foetal hepatic organ culture. 
  • Phenylephrine-modulated cardiopulmonary blood flow measured with use of X-ray digital subtraction angiography. 
  • Phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride protects rats from Mipafox-induced delayed neuropathy. 
  • Phorbol esters down-regulate protein kinase C in rat brain cerebral cortical slices. 
  • Phorbol esters enhance neurotransmitter-stimulated cyclic AMP production in rat brain slices. 
  • Phosducin facilitates light-driven transducin translocation in rod photoreceptors. Evidence from the phosducin knockout mouse. 
  • Phosducin, potential role in modulation of olfactory signaling. 
  • Phosphatidic acid phosphatase in neonatal rat lung: effects of prenatal dexamethasone or terbutaline treatment on basal activity and on responsiveness to beta adrenergic stimulation. 
  • Phosphatidyl N-methylethanolamine in rat brain. 
  • Phosphatidylcholine metabolism in lung microsomes and lung surfactant of rats exposed intratracheally to coal fly ash. 
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activates ERK in primary sensory neurons and mediates inflammatory heat hyperalgesia through TRPV1 sensitization. 
  • Phosphatidylinositol kinase type I activity associates with various oncogene products. 
  • Phosphodiesterase-4 inhibition restored hippocampal long term potentiation after primary blast. 
  • Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors oppose hyperoxic vasoconstriction and accelerate seizure development in rats exposed to hyperbaric oxygen. 
  • Phospholipid methylation unmasks cryptic beta-adrenergic receptors in rat reticulocytes. 
  • Phosphorylation and activation of Ca(2+)-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV by Ca(2+)-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase Ia kinase. Phosphorylation of threonine 196 is essential for activation. 
  • Phosphorylation and desensitization of human endothelin A and B receptors. Evidence for G protein-coupled receptor kinase specificity. 
  • Phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 in the mammalian brain is not altered by LRRK2 expression or pathogenic mutations. 
  • Phosphorylation of FEZ1 by Microtubule Affinity Regulating Kinases regulates its function in presynaptic protein trafficking. 
  • Phosphorylation of PHAS-I by mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase. Identification of a site phosphorylated by MAP kinase in vitro and in response to insulin in rat adipocytes. 
  • Phosphorylation of Ser136 is critical for potent bone sialoprotein-mediated nucleation of hydroxyapatite crystals. 
  • Phosphorylation of the rRNA transcription factor upstream binding factor promotes its association with TATA binding protein. 
  • Phosphorylation of the translational regulator, PHAS-I, by protein kinase CK2. 
  • Phosphorylation of the type 1A angiotensin II receptor by G protein-coupled receptor kinases and protein kinase C. 
  • Phosphorylation of transcription factor CREB in rat spinal cord after formalin-induced hyperalgesia: relationship to c-fos induction. 
  • Phosphorylation specificities of protein kinase C isozymes for bovine cardiac troponin I and troponin T and sites within these proteins and regulation of myofilament properties. 
  • Photoaffinity cross-linking of a radioiodinated probe, 125I-A55453, into alpha 1-adrenergic receptors. 
  • Photoaffinity labeling of beta-adrenergic receptors in mammalian tissues. 
  • Photoaffinity labeling of mammalian alpha 1-adrenergic receptors. Identification of the ligand binding subunit with a high affinity radioiodinated probe. 
  • Photoaffinity labelling of mammalian beta-adrenergic receptors: metal-dependent proteolysis explains apparent heterogeneity. 
  • Photochemical control of endogenous ion channels and cellular excitability. 
  • Photodynamic retinal vascular thrombosis. Rate and duration of vascular occlusion. 
  • Photopolymerizable hydrogels for tissue engineering applications. 
  • Phrenic long-term facilitation requires PKCθ activity within phrenic motor neurons. 
  • Phrenic motor neuron TrkB expression is necessary for acute intermittent hypoxia-induced phrenic long-term facilitation. 
  • Physical conditioning and membrane receptors for cardioregulatory hormones. 
  • Physical positioning markedly enhances brain transduction after intrathecal AAV9 infusion. 
  • Physicochemical characteristics and biological effects of nickel oxides. 
  • Physicochemical properties of rat testis Ca2+-dependent regulator protein of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase. Relationship of Ca2+-binding, conformational changes, and phosphodiesterase activity. 
  • Physiological mechanisms of sustained fumagillin-induced weight loss. 
  • Physiological receptors as physicochemical entities. 
  • Physiological state gates acquisition and expression of mesolimbic reward prediction signals. 
  • Physiologically regulated alternative splicing patterns of fast troponin T RNA are conserved in mammals. 
  • Physiology and metabolism of tissue-engineered skeletal muscle. 
  • Piceatannol in combination with low doses of cyclosporine A prolongs kidney allograft survival in a stringent rat transplantation model. 
  • Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) in neuroblastoma: a multifunctional mediator of Schwann cell antitumor activity. 
  • Pigment epithelium-derived factor regulates the vasculature and mass of the prostate and pancreas. 
  • Pigment epithelium-derived factor stimulates tumor macrophage recruitment and is downregulated by the prostate tumor microenvironment. 
  • Pigment epithelium-derived factor targets endothelial and epithelial cells in Wilms' tumor. 
  • Pigment epithelium-derived factor: a potent inhibitor of angiogenesis. 
  • Pilocarpine seizures cause age-dependent impairment in auditory location discrimination. 
  • Pilot Study Evaluating a Rat Model of Radiation-induced Erectile Dysfunction Using an Image-guided Microirradiator. 
  • Pineal beta adrenergic receptor: correlation of binding of 3H-l-alprenolol with stimulation of adenylate cyclase. 
  • Pinhole collimation for ultra-high-resolution, small-field-of-view SPECT. 
  • Pituitary-thyroid axis reactivity to hyper- and hypothyroidism in the perinatal period: ontogeny of regulation of regulation and long-term programming of responses. 
  • Placental transfer and fetal distribution of 3H-retinoic acid in rats. 
  • Placental transfer of metals of coal fly ash into various fetal organs of rat. 
  • Plasma 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl phosphatidylcholine. Evidence for extensive phospholipase A1 hydrolysis and hepatic metabolism of the products. 
  • Plasma cholecystokinin and pancreatic growth during adaptation to dietary protein. 
  • Plasma membrane aquaporin activity can affect the rate of apoptosis but is inhibited after apoptotic volume decrease. 
  • Plasma secretin, CCK, and pancreatic secretion in response to dietary fat in the rat. 
  • Plasticity of both excitatory and inhibitory synapses is associated with seizures induced by removal of chronic blockade of activity in cultured hippocampus. 
  • Plasticity of directional place fields in a model of rodent CA3. 
  • Platelet-activating factor and endotoxin induce tumour necrosis factor gene expression in rat intestine and liver. 
  • Platelet-derived growth factor enhances granulosa cell luteinizing hormone receptor induction by follicle-stimulating hormone and serum. 
  • Platelet-derived growth factor receptors form a high affinity state in membrane preparations. Kinetics and affinity cross-linking studies. 
  • Platelet-derived growth factor-BB pretreatment attenuates excitotoxic death in cultured hippocampal neurons. 
  • Platelets induce sinusoidal endothelial cell apoptosis upon reperfusion of the cold ischemic rat liver. 
  • Platelets trigger perivascular mast cell degranulation to cause inflammatory responses and tissue injury. 
  • Pleiotropic coupling of G protein-coupled receptors to the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade. Role of focal adhesions and receptor tyrosine kinases. 
  • Pleural dosimetry and pathobiological responses in rats and hamsters exposed subchronically to MMVF 10a fiberglass. 
  • Pleural lesions in Syrian golden hamsters and Fischer-344 rats following intrapleural instillation of man-made ceramic or glass fibers. 
  • Pleural macrophage recruitment and activation in asbestos-induced pleural injury. 
  • Pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiac tissue patch with advanced structure and function. 
  • Podocyte biology in segmental sclerosis and progressive glomerular injury. 
  • Point sources of Schwann cells result in growth into a nerve entubulation repair site in the absence of axons: effects of freeze-thawing. 
  • Polarized distribution of Mr 210,000 and 190,000 analogs of erythrocyte ankyrin along the plasma membrane of transporting epithelia, neurons and photoreceptors. 
  • Polarized secretory trafficking directs cargo for asymmetric dendrite growth and morphogenesis. 
  • Pollutant particles enhanced H2O2 production from NAD(P)H oxidase and mitochondria in human pulmonary artery endothelial cells. 
  • Pollutant particles produce vasoconstriction and enhance MAPK signaling via angiotensin type I receptor. 
  • Poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogel system supports preadipocyte viability, adhesion, and proliferation. 
  • Polyamine stimulation of protein phosphatase-2A from rat liver using a non-protein phosphoester substrate. 
  • Polyamine-directed preferential nutritional repletion of normal tissues in tumor-bearing hosts. 
  • Polyamines antagonize N-methyl-D-aspartate-evoked depolarizations, but reduce Mg2+ block. 
  • Polyamines as endogenous modulators of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor. 
  • Polyamines as intermediates in developmental neurotoxic events. 
  • Polyamines in brain and heart of the neonatal rat: effects of inhibitors of ornithine decarboxylase and spermidine synthase. 
  • Polycystic kidney disease as a result of loss of the tuberous sclerosis 2 tumor suppressor gene during development. 
  • Polyester Mesh Functionalization with Nitric Oxide-Releasing Silica Nanoparticles Reduces Early Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Contamination. 
  • Polyethylene glycol fusion repair prevents reinnervation accuracy in rat peripheral nerve. 
  • Polypeptides of mammalian oncornaviruses. I. Isolation and serological analysis polypeptides from murine and feline C-type viruses. 
  • Polypeptides of mammalian oncornaviruses. II Characterization of murine leukemia virus polypeptide (p 15) bearing interspecies reactivity. 
  • Polysialic acid expression is not necessary for motor neuron target selectivity. 
  • Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone: A Novel Cryoprotectant in Islet Cell Cryopreservation. 
  • Population-averaged diffusion tensor imaging atlas of the Sprague Dawley rat brain. 
  • Porcine granulosa cells do not express transforming growth factor-beta 2 (TGF-beta 2) messenger ribonucleic acid: molecular basis for their inability to produce TGF-beta activity comparable to that of rat granulosa cells. 
  • Porous, Dexamethasone-loaded polyurethane coatings extend performance window of implantable glucose sensors in vivo. 
  • Positional cloning uncovers mutations in PLCE1 responsible for a nephrotic syndrome variant that may be reversible. 
  • Positional clustering improves computational binding site detection and identifies novel cis-regulatory sites in mammalian GABAA receptor subunit genes. 
  • Positive effects of tactile versus kinesthetic or vestibular stimulation on neuroendocrine and ODC activity in maternally-deprived rat pups. 
  • Possible cellular and molecular mechanisms for asbestos carcinogenicity. 
  • Possible production of immunosuppression in the host by exposure to microorganisms: observations in germfree rats. 
  • Post-ictal depression transiently inhibits induction of LTP in area CA1 of the rat hippocampal slice. 
  • Post-lesion administration of the NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801 does not impair motor recovery after unilateral sensorimotor cortex injury in the rat. 
  • Post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in hippocampal neurons by glutamate receptor activation. 
  • Post-transplant hypertension in the rat: effects of captopril and native nephrectomy. 
  • Postlipopolysaccharide oxidative damage of mitochondrial DNA. 
  • Postmitotic expression of ankyrinR and beta R-spectrin in discrete neuronal populations of the rat brain. 
  • Postnatal alterations in beta-adrenergic receptor binding in rat brain regions after continuous prenatal exposure to propranolol via maternal infusion. 
  • Postnatal development of brain alpha 1-adrenergic receptors: in vitro autoradiography with [125I]HEAT in normal rats and rats treated with alpha-difluoromethylornithine, a specific, irreversible inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase. 
  • Postnatal distribution of vitamin A in liver, lung, heart and brain of the rat in relation to maternal vitamin A status. 
  • Postnatal growth of pulmonary acini and alveoli in normal and oxygen-exposed rats studied by serial section reconstructions. 
  • Postnatal hypoxia evokes persistent changes within the male rat's dopaminergic system. 
  • Postnatal methyl mercury exposure: effects on ontogeny of renal and hepatic ornithine decarboxylase responses to trophic stimuli. 
  • Postnatal nutritional status influences development of cardiac adrenergic receptor binding sites. 
  • Postsynaptic response to stimulation of the Schaffer collaterals with properties similar to those of synaptosomal aspartate release. 
  • Potassium is a critical regulator of apoptotic enzymes in vitro and in vivo. 
  • Potassium recycling pathways in the human cochlea. 
  • Potassium-induced epileptiform activity in area CA3 varies markedly along the septotemporal axis of the rat hippocampus. 
  • Potential for germ line transmission after intramyocardial gene delivery by adeno-associated virus. 
  • Potential importance of tissue angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition in preventing neointima formation. 
  • Potential interactions between GABAb and cholinergic systems: baclofen augments scopolamine-induced performance deficits in the eight-arm radial maze. 
  • Potential neuroprotective effects of continuous topiramate therapy in the developing brain. 
  • Potential of costimulation-based therapies for composite tissue allotransplantation. 
  • Potential role of PTEN phosphatase in ethanol-impaired survival signaling in the liver. 
  • Prasugrel. 
  • Pre- and postmortem diffusion coefficients in rat neural and muscle tissues. 
  • Pre- and postnatal choline supplementation produces long-term facilitation of spatial memory. 
  • Pre-emptive gene therapy using recombinant adeno-associated virus delivery of extracellular superoxide dismutase protects heart against ischemic reperfusion injury, improves ventricular function and prolongs survival. 
  • Pre-ischemic depletion of brain norepinephrine decreases infarct size in normothermic rats exposed to transient focal cerebral ischemia. 
  • Pre-proglucagon messenger ribonucleic acid: nucleotide and encoded amino acid sequences of the rat pancreatic complementary deoxyribonucleic acid. 
  • Preclinical Study of AUY922, a Novel Hsp90 Inhibitor, in the Treatment of Esophageal Adenocarcinoma. 
  • Preclinical and clinical evaluation of intraductally administered agents in early breast cancer. 
  • Preclinical evaluation of 18F-JNJ41510417 as a radioligand for PET imaging of phosphodiesterase-10A in the brain. 
  • Preclinical evidence for therapeutic efficacy of selective estrogen receptor modulators for uterine leiomyoma. 
  • Precocious development of sympatho-adrenal function in rats whose mothers received methadone. 
  • Predicting the effect of temporal variations in PO2 on tumor radiosensitivity. 
  • Predisposition to renal cell carcinoma due to alteration of a cancer susceptibility gene. 
  • Preemptive heme oxygenase-1 gene delivery reveals reduced mortality and preservation of left ventricular function 1 yr after acute myocardial infarction. 
  • Pregnancy lactogens in the rat conceptus and fetus: circulating levels, distribution of binding, and expression of receptor messenger ribonucleic acid. 
  • Pregnenolone as a novel therapeutic candidate in schizophrenia: emerging preclinical and clinical evidence. 
  • Pregnenolone-sulfate: an endogenous antagonist of the gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor complex in brain? 
  • Premature development of cardiac sympathetic neurotransmission in the fetal alcohol syndrome. 
  • Prenatal alpha-difluoromethylornithine treatment: effects on postnatal renal growth and function in the rat. 
  • Prenatal availability of choline alters the development of acetylcholinesterase in the rat hippocampus. 
  • Prenatal carbon monoxide and adult evoked potentials in rats. 
  • Prenatal chlorpyrifos exposure elicits presynaptic serotonergic and dopaminergic hyperactivity at adolescence: critical periods for regional and sex-selective effects. 
  • Prenatal chlorpyrifos exposure in rats causes persistent behavioral alterations. 
  • Prenatal choline availability alters the context sensitivity of Pavlovian conditioning in adult rats. 
  • Prenatal choline availability modulates hippocampal neurogenesis and neurogenic responses to enriching experiences in adult female rats. 
  • Prenatal choline deficiency decreases the cross-sectional area of cholinergic neurons in the medial septal nucleus. 
  • Prenatal choline deficiency does not enhance hippocampal vulnerability after kainic acid-induced seizures in adulthood. 
  • Prenatal choline exposure alters hippocampal responsiveness to cholinergic stimulation in adulthood. 
  • Prenatal choline supplementation advances hippocampal development and enhances MAPK and CREB activation. 
  • Prenatal choline supplementation alters hippocampal N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-mediated neurotransmission in adult rats. 
  • Prenatal choline supplementation alters the timing, emotion, and memory performance (TEMP) of adult male and female rats as indexed by differential reinforcement of low-rate schedule behavior. 
  • Prenatal choline supplementation attenuates neuropathological response to status epilepticus in the adult rat hippocampus. 
  • Prenatal choline supplementation increases NGF levels in the hippocampus and frontal cortex of young and adult rats. 
  • Prenatal choline supplementation protects against postnatal neurotoxicity. 
  • Prenatal cocaine and cell development in rat brain regions: effects on ornithine decarboxylase and macromolecules. 
  • Prenatal cocaine and/or nicotine exposure in rats: preliminary findings on long-term cognitive outcome and genital development at birth. 
  • Prenatal cocaine eliminates the sex-dependent differences in activation observed in adult rats after cocaine challenge. 
  • Prenatal dexamethasone administration disrupts the pattern of cellular development in rat lung. 
  • Prenatal dexamethasone augments the neurobehavioral teratology of chlorpyrifos: significance for maternal stress and preterm labor. 
  • Prenatal dexamethasone augments the sex-selective developmental neurotoxicity of chlorpyrifos: implications for vulnerability after pharmacotherapy for preterm labor. 
  • Prenatal dexamethasone exposure causes loss of neonatal hypoxia tolerance: cellular mechanisms. 
  • Prenatal dexamethasone, as used in preterm labor, worsens the impact of postnatal chlorpyrifos exposure on serotonergic pathways. 
  • Prenatal dietary choline availability alters postnatal neurotoxic vulnerability in the adult rat. 
  • Prenatal dietary choline supplementation decreases the threshold for induction of long-term potentiation in young adult rats. 
  • Prenatal ethanol exposure fails to affect stimulus reactivity in the rat. 
  • Prenatal ethanol exposure in rats does not alter maze exploration or impair visual discrimination with or without distracting stimuli. 
  • Prenatal exposure to ethanol decreases physiological plasticity in the hippocampus of the adult rat. 
  • Prenatal exposure to ethanol decreases the sensitivity of the adult rat hippocampus to N-methyl-D-aspartate. 
  • Prenatal exposure to methylmercury alters development of adrenergic receptor binding sites in peripheral sympathetic target tissues. 
  • Prenatal exposure to nicotine impairs nervous system development at a dose which does not affect viability or growth. 
  • Prenatal exposure to nicotine via maternal infusions: effects on development of catecholamine systems. 
  • Prenatal exposure to propranolol via continuous maternal infusion: effects on physiological and biochemical processes mediated by beta adrenergic receptors in fetal and neonatal rat lung. 
  • Prenatal exposure to toluene results in abnormal neurogenesis and migration in rat somatosensory cortex. 
  • Prenatal nicotine changes the response to postnatal chlorpyrifos: Interactions targeting serotonergic synaptic function and cognition. 
  • Prenatal nicotine effects on memory in rats: pharmacological and behavioral challenges. 
  • Prenatal nicotine exposure alters the response to nicotine administration in adolescence: effects on cholinergic systems during exposure and withdrawal. 
  • Prenatal nicotine exposure alters the responses to subsequent nicotine administration and withdrawal in adolescence: Serotonin receptors and cell signaling. 
  • Prenatal nicotine exposure and cognitive performance in rats. 
  • Prenatal nicotine exposure evokes alterations of cell structure in hippocampus and somatosensory cortex. 
  • Prenatal nicotine exposure impairs beta-adrenergic function: persistent chronotropic subsensitivity despite recovery from deficits in receptor binding. 
  • Prenatal opioid exposure inhibits microglial sculpting of the dopamine system selectively in adolescent male offspring. 
  • Prenatal stress elicits regionally selective changes in basal FGF-2 gene expression in adulthood and alters the adult response to acute or chronic stress. 
  • Prenatal terbutaline exposure in the rat: selective effects on development of noradrenergic projections to cerebellum. 
  • Prenatal terbutaline treatment: tissue-selective dissociation of perinatal changes in beta-adrenergic receptor binding from regulation of adenylate cyclase activity. 
  • Prenatal-choline supplementation differentially modulates timing of auditory and visual stimuli in aged rats. 
  • Preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions of rat hereditary renal cell tumors express markers of proximal and distal nephron. 
  • Preneoplastic lesions induced by myc and src oncogenes in a heterotopic rat colon. 
  • Preparation of inverted plasma membrane vesicles from isolated adipocytes. 
  • Preparation of polyethylene glycol-tissue plasminogen activator adducts that retain functional activity: characteristics and behavior in three animal species. 
  • Preservation of brush border transport systems for proline and alpha-methyl-D glucoside from rat, dog, and human kidney. 
  • Preservation of myocardial high energy phosphates during cardioplegic arrest with nifedipine. 
  • Preservation of myocardial high-energy phosphates during cardioplegic arrest with nifedipine. 
  • Preservation of myocardial high-energy phosphates with vagal stimulation and hypothermic cardioplegia. 
  • Pressure overload induces greater hypertrophy and mortality in female mice with p38alpha MAPK inhibition. 
  • Pressure-mediated oligonucleotide transfection of rat and human cardiovascular tissues. 
  • Presynaptic BK channels modulate ethanol-induced enhancement of GABAergic transmission in the rat central amygdala nucleus. 
  • Presynaptic Inputs to Any CNS Projection Neuron Identified by Dual Recombinant Virus Infection. 
  • Presynaptic and postsynaptic contributions to ontogeny of sympathetic control of heart rate in the pre-weanling rat. 
  • Presynaptic and postsynaptic roles of NO, cGK, and RhoA in long-lasting potentiation and aggregation of synaptic proteins. 
  • Presynaptic dopaminergic function is largely unaltered in mesolimbic and mesostriatal terminals of adult rats that wer