Executive Function

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  Subject Areas on Research

  • "Frontal systems" behaviors in comorbid human immunodeficiency virus infection and methamphetamine dependency. 
  • A Connectome Wide Functional Signature of Transdiagnostic Risk for Mental Illness 
  • A Link Between Childhood Adversity and Trait Anger Reflects Relative Activity of the Amygdala and Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex. 
  • A Pilot Trial of Mindfulness Meditation Training for ADHD in Adulthood: Impact on Core Symptoms, Executive Functioning, and Emotion Dysregulation. 
  • A meta-analysis of the relationship between symptom severity of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and executive function. 
  • A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 16-week study of the H3 receptor antagonist, GSK239512 as a monotherapy in subjects with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease. 
  • ANK2 autism mutation targeting giant ankyrin-B promotes axon branching and ectopic connectivity. 
  • APOE ε4 associated with preserved executive function performance and maintenance of temporal and cingulate brain volumes in younger adults. 
  • Absolute brain size predicts dog breed differences in executive function. 
  • Adult age differences in functional connectivity during executive control. 
  • Aerobic exercise and neurocognitive performance: a meta-analytic review of randomized controlled trials. 
  • Affect and loneliness among centenarians and the oldest old: the role of individual and social resources. 
  • Age-Dependent Effects of Catechol-O-Methyltransferase (COMT) Gene Val158Met Polymorphism on Language Function in Developing Children. 
  • An electrophysiological dissociation of craving and stimulus-dependent attentional capture in smokers. 
  • An examination of sex differences on neurocognitive functioning and behavior problems in maltreated youth. 
  • An inflammatory pathway links atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk to neural activity evoked by the cognitive regulation of emotion. 
  • An intricate relationship between executive function and second-language ability in a cohort of Uyghur-Chinese bilingual children. 
  • Antiretroviral treatment initiation does not differentially alter neurocognitive functioning over time in youth with behaviorally acquired HIV. 
  • Are changes in ADHD course reflected in differences in IQ and executive functioning from childhood to young adulthood? 
  • Association Between Anticholinergic Medication Use and Cognition, Brain Metabolism, and Brain Atrophy in Cognitively Normal Older Adults. 
  • Association Between Insulin Resistance, Plasma Leptin, and Neurocognition in Vascular Cognitive Impairment. 
  • Association between fatigue and sleep disturbances during treatment for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia and posttreatment neurocognitive performance. 
  • Association between increased magnetic susceptibility of deep gray matter nuclei and decreased motor function in healthy adults. 
  • Association of Potentially Damaging De Novo Gene Variants With Neurologic Outcomes in Congenital Heart Disease. 
  • Association of neuropsychiatric symptoms and sub-syndromes with cognitive impairment in community-dwelling Asian elderly. 
  • Associations between maternal cytokine levels during gestation and measures of child cognitive abilities and executive functioning. 
  • Blood Pressure Reactivity to Psychological Stress in Young Adults and Cognition in Midlife: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study. 
  • Body mass and cognitive decline are indirectly associated via inflammation among aging adults. 
  • Brain connectivity and visual attention. 
  • Bridging executive function and disinhibited eating among youth: A network analysis. 
  • Brief Report: Executive Function as a Predictor of Academic Achievement in School-Aged Children with ASD. 
  • COMT and anxiety and cognition in children with chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. 
  • Cerebral microbleeds and cognition: the epidemiology of dementia in Singapore study. 
  • Characteristics of neurocognitive functions in mild cognitive impairment with depression. 
  • Cognition and Daily Functioning: Results from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (SOL) and Study of Latinos-Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging (SOL-INCA). 
  • Cognitive Aging: What We Fear and What We Know. 
  • Cognitive Rehabilitation With Mobile Technology and Social Support for Veterans With TBI and PTSD: A Randomized Clinical Trial. 
  • Cognitive Subtyping in Schizophrenia: A Latent Profile Analysis. 
  • Cognitive aging and the distinction between intentional and unintentional mind wandering. 
  • Cognitive control over prospective task-set interference. 
  • Cognitive control over working memory biases of selection. 
  • Cognitive enhancers for the treatment of ADHD. 
  • Cognitive impairment in candidates for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. 
  • Cognitive improvement following treatment in late-life depression: relationship to vascular risk and age of onset. 
  • Concurrent and Short-Term Prospective Relations among Neurocognitive Functioning, Coping, and Depressive Symptoms in Youth. 
  • Conscientiousness in life course context: a commentary. 
  • Context specificity of inhibitory control in dogs. 
  • Contextual Adaptation of Cognitive Flexibility is driven by Task- and Item-Level Learning. 
  • Cortisol awakening response and developmental outcomes at 6-7 years in children born extremely preterm. 
  • Cortisol reactivity to social stress as a mediator of early adversity on risk and adaptive outcomes. 
  • Cueing cognitive flexibility: Item-specific learning of switch readiness. 
  • Declarative and procedural working memory updating processes are mutually facilitative. 
  • Deconstructing racial differences: the effects of quality of education and cerebrovascular risk factors. 
  • Determinants of congruency sequence effects without learning and memory confounds. 
  • Developmental trajectories of executive functions in young males with fragile X syndrome. 
  • Differences in Neurocognitive Impairment Among HIV-Infected Latinos in the United States. 
  • Different levels of learning interact to shape the congruency sequence effect. 
  • Differential patterns of initial and sustained responses in amygdala and cortical regions to emotional stimuli in schizophrenia patients and healthy participants. 
  • Dimensions of Attention Associated With the Microstructure of Corona Radiata White Matter. 
  • Disentangling the Roles of Cue Visibility and Knowledge in Adjusting Cognitive Control: A Preregistered Direct Replication of the Farooqui and Manly (2015) Study. 
  • Dissociable causal roles for left and right parietal cortex in controlling attentional biases from the contents of working memory. 
  • Distinct aspects of frontal lobe structure mediate age-related differences in fluid intelligence and multitasking. 
  • Dog cognitive development: a longitudinal study across the first 2 years of life. 
  • Dual-Task Gait and Alzheimer's Disease Genetic Risk in Cognitively Normal Adults: A Pilot Study. 
  • Dual-task effects of simulated lane navigation and story recall in older adults with and without memory impairment. 
  • Early Life Characteristics and Neurodevelopmental Phenotypes in the Mount Sinai Children's Environmental Health Center. 
  • Early communicative gestures prospectively predict language development and executive function in early childhood. 
  • Early life development in a multiethnic sample and the relation to late life cognition. 
  • Early-but Not Late-Onset Hypertension Is Related to Midlife Cognitive Function. 
  • Effects of adult age and blood pressure on executive function and speed of processing. 
  • Effects of early life stress on depression, cognitive performance and brain morphology. 
  • Effects of education and race on cognitive decline: An integrative study of generalizability versus study-specific results. 
  • Effects of smoking abstinence on smoking-reinforced responding, withdrawal, and cognition in adults with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. 
  • Effects of task instruction on autobiographical memory specificity in young and older adults. 
  • Effects of the dietary approaches to stop hypertension diet, exercise, and caloric restriction on neurocognition in overweight adults with high blood pressure. 
  • Elevated antisaccade error rate as an intermediate phenotype for psychosis across diagnostic categories. 
  • Emotion processing in the aging brain is modulated by semantic elaboration. 
  • Evaluating how treatment adherence influences cognitive remediation outcomes. 
  • Evaluating the learning of stimulus-control associations through incidental memory of reinforcement events. 
  • Evidence of gray matter reduction and dysfunction in chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. 
  • Executive Summary: Clinical Practice Guideline for the Evaluation and Treatment of Children and Adolescents With Obesity. 
  • Executive control, ERP and pro-inflammatory activity in emotionally exhausted middle-aged employees. Comparison between subclinical burnout and mild to moderate depression. 
  • Executive function predicts the development of play skills for verbal preschoolers with autism spectrum disorders. 
  • Executive functioning and central coherence in anorexia nervosa: Pilot investigation of a neurocognitive endophenotype. 
  • Executive functioning and disinhibited eating in children and adolescents. 
  • Exogenous vs. endogenous attention: Shifting the balance of fronto-parietal activity. 
  • Fatigue in Children With Sickle Cell Disease: Association With Neurocognitive and Social-Emotional Functioning and Quality of Life. 
  • Feasibility and preliminary efficacy data from a computerized cognitive intervention in children with chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. 
  • Focusing and shifting attention in human children (Homo sapiens) and chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). 
  • Frequency of prospective use modulates instructed task-set interference. 
  • Functional connectivity predictors of acute depression treatment outcome. 
  • Functional modular architecture underlying attentional control in aging. 
  • GABA level, gamma oscillation, and working memory performance in schizophrenia. 
  • Growth trajectories of cognitive and motor control in adolescence: How much is development and how much is practice? 
  • Guest editorial: Cognitive-communication rehabilitation for combat-related mild traumatic brain injury. 
  • Impact of BDNF Val66Met and 5-HTTLPR polymorphism variants on neural substrates related to sadness and executive function. 
  • Impact of Childhood Trauma on Executive Function in Adolescence-Mediating Functional Brain Networks and Prediction of High-Risk Drinking. 
  • Impact of Depression and Nicotine Dependence on Executive Functioning in Rural Older Adult Smokers: A Brief Report (NCT02510716). 
  • Impaired Context Processing is Attributable to Global Neuropsychological Impairment in Schizophrenia and Psychotic Bipolar Disorder. 
  • Incidence of Poststroke Epilepsy: An Executive Summary. 
  • Increased ventromedial prefrontal cortex activity and connectivity predict poor sertraline treatment outcome in late-life depression. 
  • Independent effects of HIV infection and cocaine dependence on neurocognitive impairment in a community sample living in the southern United States. 
  • Individual differences in executive function partially explain the socioeconomic gradient in middle-school academic achievement. 
  • Individual differences in regulatory focus predict neural response to reward. 
  • Inflammation moderates the effects of lifestyle modification on neurocognition among individuals with resistant hypertension. 
  • Influence of structural and functional brain connectivity on age-related differences in fluid cognition. 
  • Influences of Age, Sex, and Moderate Alcohol Drinking on the Intrinsic Functional Architecture of Adolescent Brains. 
  • Infrequent, task-irrelevant monetary gains and losses engage dorsolateral and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex. 
  • Inhibition-induced forgetting: when more control leads to less memory. 
  • Intellectual, neurocognitive, and academic achievement in abstinent adolescents with cannabis use disorder. 
  • Intelligence and creativity share a common cognitive and neural basis. 
  • Item-specific priming of voluntary task switches. 
  • Large-Scale Network Coupling with the Fusiform Cortex Facilitates Future Social Motivation. 
  • Less wiring, more firing: low-performing older adults compensate for impaired white matter with greater neural activity. 
  • Life experience and demographic influences on cognitive function in older adults. 
  • Lifestyle and Neurocognition in Older Adults With Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Cognitive Impairment. 
  • Lifestyle and neurocognition in older adults with cognitive impairments: A randomized trial. 
  • Lisdexamfetamine dimesylate augmentation in adults with persistent executive dysfunction after partial or full remission of major depressive disorder. 
  • Longer Term Effects of Diet and Exercise on Neurocognition: 1-Year Follow-up of the ENLIGHTEN Trial. 
  • Longitudinal Cognitive Outcomes of Clinical Phenotypes of Late-Life Depression. 
  • Longitudinal cortical development during adolescence and young adulthood in autism spectrum disorder: increased cortical thinning but comparable surface area changes. 
  • Lowering the Floor on Trail Making Test Part B: Psychometric Evidence for a New Scoring Metric. 
  • Measuring Adaptive Control in Conflict Tasks. 
  • Medial prefrontal-perirhinal cortical communication is necessary for flexible response selection. 
  • Microstructural integrity of a pathway connecting the prefrontal cortex and amygdala moderates the association between cognitive reappraisal and negative emotions. 
  • Microstructural integrity of white matter moderates an association between childhood adversity and adult trait anger. 
  • Microvascular Endothelial Function and Neurocognition Among Adults With Major Depressive Disorder. 
  • Mind-Wandering With and Without Intention. 
  • Monitoring Demands for Executive Control: Shared Functions between Human and Nonhuman Primates. 
  • More efficient shielding for internal than external attention? Evidence from asymmetrical switch costs. 
  • Neonatal infection modulates behavioral flexibility and hippocampal activation on a Morris Water Maze task. 
  • Neural Dynamics of Cognitive Control over Working Memory Capture of Attention. 
  • Neural Mechanisms of Strategic Adaptation in Attentional Flexibility. 
  • Neural correlates of cognitive and affective processing in maltreated youth with posttraumatic stress symptoms: does gender matter? 
  • Neurocognition in treatment-resistant hypertension: profile and associations with cardiovascular biomarkers. 
  • Neurocognitive markers of childhood abuse in individuals with PTSD: Findings from the INTRuST Clinical Consortium. 
  • Neurocognitive subgroups in major depressive disorder. 
  • Neuropsychological functioning, coping, and quality of life among returning war veterans. 
  • Neuropsychological indicators of preclinical Alzheimer's disease among depressed older adults. 
  • Nicotine deprivation influences P300 markers of cognitive control. 
  • On the Clock: Evidence for the Rapid and Strategic Modulation of Mind Wandering. 
  • On the Necessity of Distinguishing Between Unintentional and Intentional Mind Wandering. 
  • On the relation of mind wandering and ADHD symptomatology. 
  • Performance feedback promotes proactive but not reactive adaptation of conflict-control. 
  • Performance on the dimensional change card sort and backward digit span by young children with autism without intellectual disability. 
  • Pharmacological analyses of learning and memory in zebrafish (Danio rerio). 
  • Physical frailty in late-life depression is associated with deficits in speed-dependent executive functions. 
  • Pre-Pregnancy Weight and Symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Executive Functioning Behaviors in Preschool Children. 
  • Pre-clinical cognitive phenotypes for Alzheimer disease: a latent profile approach. 
  • Predictors and Moderators of Remission With Aripiprazole Augmentation in Treatment-Resistant Late-Life Depression: An Analysis of the IRL-GRey Randomized Clinical Trial. 
  • Prefrontal Executive Control Rescues Risk for Anxiety Associated with High Threat and Low Reward Brain Function 
  • Prenatal organophosphorus pesticide exposure and executive function in preschool-aged children in the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa). 
  • Prenatal phthalate exposures and executive function in preschool children. 
  • Proof-of-concept study of an at-home, engaging, digital intervention for pediatric ADHD. 
  • Protective Effects of APOE ε2 Genotype on Cognition in Older Breast Cancer Survivors: The Thinking and Living With Cancer Study. 
  • Puberty Predicts Approach But Not Avoidance on the Iowa Gambling Task in a Multinational Sample. 
  • Reason's Enemy Is Not Emotion: Engagement of Cognitive Control Networks Explains Biases in Gain/Loss Framing. 
  • Reduced delay of gratification and effortful control among young children with autism spectrum disorders. 
  • Regressing to Prior Response Preference After Set Switching Implicates Striatal Dysfunction Across Psychotic Disorders: Findings From the B-SNIP Study. 
  • Reliable Cognitive Decline in Late-Life Major Depression. 
  • Restless mind, restless body. 
  • Reward and executive control network resting-state functional connectivity is associated with impulsivity during reward-based decision making for cocaine users. 
  • Reward-based decision making and electrodermal responding by young children with autism spectrum disorders during a gambling task. 
  • Riding other people's coattails: individuals with low self-control value self-control in other people. 
  • Self-focused attention in anorexia nervosa. 
  • Sensitivity of cognitive tests in four cognitive domains in discriminating MDD patients from healthy controls: a meta-analysis. 
  • Separate and overlapping brain areas encode subjective value during delay and effort discounting. 
  • Slower information processing speed is associated with persistent burnout symptoms but not depression symptoms in nursing workers. 
  • Smoking abstinence and depressive symptoms modulate the executive control system during emotional information processing. 
  • Smoking abstinence and neurocognition: implications for cessation and relapse. 
  • Social participation predicts cognitive functioning in aging adults over time: comparisons with physical health, depression, and physical activity. 
  • Sources of disconnection in neurocognitive aging: cerebral white-matter integrity, resting-state functional connectivity, and white-matter hyperintensity volume. 
  • State of the Science of Neural Systems in Late-Life Depression: Impact on Clinical Presentation and Treatment Outcome. 
  • Structure and Function in Cross-sectional Work-A Cautionary Tale. 
  • Support for the vascular depression hypothesis in late-life depression: results of a 2-site, prospective, antidepressant treatment trial. 
  • Technology-based cognitive training and rehabilitation interventions for individuals with mild cognitive impairment: a systematic review. 
  • Telephone-based goal management training for adults with mild traumatic brain injury: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. 
  • The Lexical Stroop Sort (LSS) picture-word task: a computerized task for assessing the relationship between language and executive functioning in school-aged children. 
  • The Role of Anterior Cingulate Cortex in the Affective Evaluation of Conflict. 
  • The Role of Serotonin (5-HT) in Behavioral Control: Findings from Animal Research and Clinical Implications. 
  • The contributions of early adverse experiences and trajectories of respiratory sinus arrhythmia on the development of neurobehavioral disinhibition among children with prenatal substance exposure. 
  • The effect of acute tryptophan depletion on emotional distraction and subsequent memory. 
  • The effects of nicotine and non-nicotine smoking factors on working memory and associated brain function. 
  • The impact of neuropsychological functioning on treatment outcome in pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder. 
  • The moderating role of personality factors in the relationship between depression and neuropsychological functioning among older adults. 
  • The neural circuitry of autism. 
  • The neural dynamics of stimulus and response conflict processing as a function of response complexity and task demands. 
  • The relationship between negative symptom subdomains and cognition. 
  • The relationship of bipolar disorder lifetime duration and vascular burden to cognition in older adults. 
  • The schema-driven chameleon: how mimicry affects executive and self-regulatory resources. 
  • Thought dynamics under task demands: Evaluating the influence of task difficulty on unconstrained thought. 
  • Trail-Making Test Part B: Evaluation of the Efficiency Score for Assessing Floor-Level Change in Veterans. 
  • Transactional relations between caregiving stress, executive functioning, and problem behavior from early childhood to early adolescence. 
  • Understanding symbol coding in schizophrenia. 
  • Utility of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment as a Screening Test for Neurocognitive Dysfunction in Adults with Sickle Cell Disease. 
  • Visual Acuity does not Moderate Effect Sizes of Higher-Level Cognitive Tasks. 
  • Wandering minds and wavering rhythms: linking mind wandering and behavioral variability. 
  • Yearning for distraction: Evidence for a trade-off between media multitasking and mind wandering. 
  • Young children attribute normativity to novel actions without pedagogy or normative language. 
  • [Formula: see text]Executive functioning and health-related quality of life in pediatric sickle cell disease. 
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  Keywords of People

  • Cabeza, Roberto, Professor of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke Science & Society
  • Egner, Tobias, Professor of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke Science & Society
  • Huettel, Scott, Professor in the Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke Science & Society
  • McClernon, F Joseph, Professor in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Behavioral Medicine & Neurosciences