Paul L. Modrich | Scholars@Duke

Paul L. Modrich
James B. Duke Distinguished Professor Emeritus of Biochemistry

Paul Modrich, James B. Duke Professor of Biochemistry, was awarded the 2015 Nobel Prize for Chemistry along with Tomas Lindahl of the Francis Crick Institute and Clare Hall Laboratory in the UK, and Aziz Sancar of University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, for mechanistic studies of DNA repair.

Mismatch repair is a mutation avoidance system that stabilizes the genome by correcting DNA biosynthetic errors, by blocking recombination between diverged DNA sequences, and in the case of human cells, by targeting for death cells that have suffered certain types of DNA chemical damage. We have reconstituted E. coli mismatch repair in a pure system comprised of ten activities, including the MutH, MutL, MutS, and MutU proteins. Current work on the bacterial pathway addresses the mechanism of this complex reaction and reagent applications of the repair proteins for physical manipulation of DNA sequences based on genetic differences. We have shown that mismatch repair in human cells occurs by a mechanism similar to that of the bacterial reaction and depends on heterodimeric complexes of homologs of E. coli MutS and MutL proteins. Genetic defects in human MutS and MutL homologs are the cause of hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer, as well as a signficant fraction of sporadic tumors that occur in a variety of tissues. Genetic inactivation of the human MutS and MutL proteins also confers resistance to some chemotherapeutic agents that kill by inducing an apoptotic respose. We have shown that the cytotoxic DNA lesions produced by these drugs are recognized by the human mismatch repair system, and have concluded that this event is the initial step in the sequence of events that leads to cell death. The molecular nature of the human repair system and its role in the cellular response to DNA damage are currently under study in the lab.

Current Appointments & Affiliations

Professor Emeritus of Biochemistry, Biochemistry, Basic Science Departments 2022
James B. Duke Distinguished Professor Emeritus of Biochemistry, Biochemistry, Basic Science Departments 2022
Professor of Chemistry, Chemistry, Trinity College of Arts & Sciences 2015
Member of the Duke Cancer Institute, Duke Cancer Institute, Institutes and Centers 1976

Contact Information

156A Nanaline H Duke, Durham, NC 27708
Box 3711 Med Ctr, Durham, NC 27710
modrich@biochem.duke.edu (919) 681-8818

Background
Education, Training, & Certifications
- Ph.D., Stanford University 1973
- B.S., Massachusetts Institute of Technology 1968
Previous Appointments & Affiliations
- Professor of Biochemistry, Biochemistry, Basic Science Departments 1984 - 2022
- James B. Duke Distinguished Professor of Biochemistry, Biochemistry, Basic Science Departments 1988 - 2022
- Associate Professor of Biochemistry with tenure in the Department of Biochemistry, Biochemistry, Basic Science Departments 1980 - 1984
- Assistant Professor of Biochemistry, Biochemistry, Basic Science Departments 1976 - 1980
Academic Positions Outside Duke
- Investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute. 1994 - 2019
Recognition
In the News
- NOV 10, 2021 Duke Office of Scientific Integrity
  
  As He Shuts Down His Lab, Nobel Prize Laureate Paul Modrich Looks Back at a Storied Career
- OCT 5, 2018 School of Medicine Blog
  
  Reflected Glory: 2018 Nobel Laureate Completed Early Award-Winning Study at Duke
- DEC 12, 2016
  
  Three Duke Researchers Named To National Academy Of Inventors
- FEB 11, 2016 ABC News
  
  Biden seeks input for cancer 'moonshot' at Duke University
- FEB 10, 2016
  
  Vice President Visits to Discuss Cancer 'Moonshot'
- DEC 28, 2015 The News & Observer
  
  2015 Tar Heels of the Year: Nobel winners Aziz Sancar and Paul Modrich
- DEC 10, 2015
  
  Paul Modrich Receives Nobel Prize from Sweden's King
- DEC 8, 2015
  
  Paul Modrich's Nobel Week in Sweden
- DEC 8, 2015
  
  Watch Paul Modrich's Nobel Lecture
- OCT 22, 2015
  
  Apple Research App; New Arts Center: The Week at Duke {in 60 Seconds}
- OCT 19, 2015 Duke Chronicle
  
  Nobel laureate Modrich excited to get back in the lab
- OCT 16, 2015 News & Observer
  
  Commentary: Nobel the fruit of N.C. investment in academic research
- OCT 13, 2015 WTVD
  
  Duke professor returns to lab after winning Nobel Prize
- OCT 12, 2015
  
  Biochemistry Department Congratulates Nobel Prize Winner
- OCT 8, 2015 The News & Observer
  
  Duke, UNC scientists win Nobel Prize in Chemistry for work on DNA repair
- OCT 8, 2015 NPR’s “All Things Considered”
  
  Nobel Prize in Chemistry awarded to 3 scientists for DNA repair discovery
- OCT 8, 2015 Fox News, Reuters
  
  Nobel discoveries on DNA repair now fueling cancer drug research
- OCT 7, 2015 The New York Times, Reuters
  
  DNA research deployed in war on cancer scoops Nobel Prize
- OCT 7, 2015
  
  Nobel Prize Press Conference at UNC-Chapel Hill
Awards & Honors
Research
Selected Grants
- Enzymology Of Eukaryotic Mismatch Repair awarded by National Institutes of Health 1991 - 2019
- Forces and Long-Distance Coupling along DNA in the Mismatch Repair (MMR) Pathway awarded by National Institutes of Health 2014 - 2016
- Clinical Oncology Research Career Development Program awarded by National Institutes of Health 2009 - 2015
- Structural biology of human DNA mismatch repair machinery awarded by National Institutes of Health 2009 - 2012
- Temodar Resistance in CNS Tumors awarded by National Institutes of Health 1992 - 2010
- Molecular Mechanism of DNA-Protein Interaction awarded by National Institutes of Health 1977 - 2009
- same awarded by National Institutes of Health 1996 - 2002
- Molecular Mechanisms Of Dna-Protein Interaction awarded by National Institutes of Health 1997 - 1999
- Molecular Mechanism Of Dna Protein Interaction awarded by National Institutes of Health 1996 - 1999
- Enzymology Of Eukaryotic Dna Mismatch Repair awarded by National Institutes of Health 1991 - 1998
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Core Support Grant awarded by National Institutes of Health 1976 - 1998
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Core Support Grant awarded by National Institutes of Health 1976 - 1998
- Dna Mismatch Repair Proteins In Human Cells awarded by National Institutes of Health 1997 - 1998
- Molecular Mechanism Of Dna-Protein Interaction awarded by National Institutes of Health 1992 - 1996
- Molecular Mechanisms Of Dna Protein Interaction awarded by National Institutes of Health 1992 - 1996
- Genetics awarded by National Institutes of Health 1991 - 1994
- Genetics awarded by National Institutes of Health 1990 - 1994
- Molecular Mechanisms Of Dna - Protein Interaction awarded by National Institutes of Health 1987 - 1991
External Relationships
- Elysium Health
- MRNA
Publications & Artistic Works
Selected Publications
- Academic Articles
  - Kadyrova, Lyudmila Y., Vaibhavi Gujar, Vickers Burdett, Paul L. Modrich, and Farid A. Kadyrov. “Human MutLγ, the MLH1-MLH3 heterodimer, is an endonuclease that promotes DNA expansion.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 117, no. 7 (February 18, 2020): 3535–42. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1914718117.
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  - Sherrer, Shanen M., Elisabeth Penland, and Paul Modrich. “The mutagen and carcinogen cadmium is a high-affinity inhibitor of the zinc-dependent MutLα endonuclease.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 115, no. 28 (July 10, 2018): 7314–19. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1807319115.
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  - Genschel, Jochen, Lyudmila Y. Kadyrova, Ravi R. Iyer, Basanta K. Dahal, Farid A. Kadyrov, and Paul Modrich. “Interaction of proliferating cell nuclear antigen with PMS2 is required for MutLα activation and function in mismatch repair.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 114, no. 19 (May 9, 2017): 4930–35. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1702561114.
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  - Modrich, Paul. “Mechanisms in E. coli and Human Mismatch Repair (Nobel Lecture).” Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 55, no. 30 (July 18, 2016): 8490–8501. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201601412.
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  - Chen, Yu-Tsung Shane, Jianhong Wu, Paul Modrich, and Tao-Shih Hsieh. “The C-terminal 20 Amino Acids of Drosophila Topoisomerase 2 Are Required for Binding to a BRCA1 C Terminus (BRCT) Domain-containing Protein, Mus101, and Fidelity of DNA Segregation.” J Biol Chem 291, no. 25 (June 17, 2016): 13216–28. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M116.721357.
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  - Qiu, Ruoyi, Miho Sakato, Elizabeth J. Sacho, Hunter Wilkins, Xingdong Zhang, Paul Modrich, Manju M. Hingorani, Dorothy A. Erie, and Keith R. Weninger. “MutL traps MutS at a DNA mismatch.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 112, no. 35 (September 1, 2015): 10914–19. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1505655112.
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  - Shao, Hongbing, Celia Baitinger, Erik J. Soderblom, Vickers Burdett, and Paul Modrich. “Hydrolytic function of Exo1 in mammalian mismatch repair.” Nucleic Acids Res 42, no. 11 (June 2014): 7104–12. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gku420.
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  - Lindsey-Boltz, Laura A., Michael G. Kemp, Joyce T. Reardon, Vanessa DeRocco, Ravi R. Iyer, Paul Modrich, and Aziz Sancar. “Coupling of human DNA excision repair and the DNA damage checkpoint in a defined in vitro system.” J Biol Chem 289, no. 8 (February 21, 2014): 5074–82. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M113.542787.
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  - Pluciennik, Anna, Vickers Burdett, Celia Baitinger, Ravi R. Iyer, Kevin Shi, and Paul Modrich. “Extrahelical (CAG)/(CTG) triplet repeat elements support proliferating cell nuclear antigen loading and MutLα endonuclease activation.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 110, no. 30 (July 23, 2013): 12277–82. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1311325110.
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  - Dowhan, William, Hiroshi Nikaido, JoAnne Stubbe, John W. Kozarich, William T. Wickner, David W. Russell, Teresa A. Garrett, Kathryn Brozek, and Paul Modrich. “Christian Raetz: scientist and friend extraordinaire.” Annu Rev Biochem 82 (2013): 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-biochem-012512-091530.
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  - Liu, Yiyong, Farid A. Kadyrov, and Paul Modrich. “PARP-1 enhances the mismatch-dependence of 5'-directed excision in human mismatch repair in vitro.” Dna Repair (Amst) 10, no. 11 (November 10, 2011): 1145–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dnarep.2011.08.012.
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  - Tseng, Quincy, Jillian Orans, Michael A. Hast, Ravi R. Iyer, Anita Changela, Paul L. Modrich, and Lorena S. Beese. “Purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction analysis of the human mismatch repair protein MutSβ.” Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun 67, no. Pt 8 (August 1, 2011): 947–52. https://doi.org/10.1107/S1744309111019300.
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  - Orans, Jillian, Elizabeth A. McSweeney, Ravi R. Iyer, Michael A. Hast, Homme W. Hellinga, Paul Modrich, and Lorena S. Beese. “Structures of human exonuclease 1 DNA complexes suggest a unified mechanism for nuclease family.” Cell 145, no. 2 (April 15, 2011): 212–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2011.03.005.
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  - Nimonkar, Amitabh V., Jochen Genschel, Eri Kinoshita, Piotr Polaczek, Judith L. Campbell, Claire Wyman, Paul Modrich, and Stephen C. Kowalczykowski. “BLM-DNA2-RPA-MRN and EXO1-BLM-RPA-MRN constitute two DNA end resection machineries for human DNA break repair.” Genes Dev 25, no. 4 (February 15, 2011): 350–62. https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.2003811.
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  - Pluciennik, Anna, Leonid Dzantiev, Ravi R. Iyer, Nicoleta Constantin, Farid A. Kadyrov, and Paul Modrich. “PCNA function in the activation and strand direction of MutLα endonuclease in mismatch repair.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 107, no. 37 (September 14, 2010): 16066–71. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1010662107.
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  - Oers, Johanna M. M. van, Sergio Roa, Uwe Werling, Yiyong Liu, Jochen Genschel, Harry Hou, Rani S. Sellers, Paul Modrich, Matthew D. Scharff, and Winfried Edelmann. “PMS2 endonuclease activity has distinct biological functions and is essential for genome maintenance.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 107, no. 30 (July 27, 2010): 13384–89. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1008589107.
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  - Pillon, Monica C., Jessica J. Lorenowicz, Michael Uckelmann, Andrew D. Klocko, Ryan R. Mitchell, Yu Seon Chung, Paul Modrich, et al. “Structure of the endonuclease domain of MutL: unlicensed to cut.” Mol Cell 39, no. 1 (July 9, 2010): 145–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2010.06.027.
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  - Iyer, Ravi R., Anna Pluciennik, Jochen Genschel, Miaw-Sheue Tsai, Lorena S. Beese, and Paul Modrich. “MutLalpha and proliferating cell nuclear antigen share binding sites on MutSbeta.” J Biol Chem 285, no. 15 (April 9, 2010): 11730–39. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M110.104125.
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  - Liu, Yiyong, Yanan Fang, Hongbing Shao, Laura Lindsey-Boltz, Aziz Sancar, and Paul Modrich. “Interactions of human mismatch repair proteins MutSalpha and MutLalpha with proteins of the ATR-Chk1 pathway.” J Biol Chem 285, no. 8 (February 19, 2010): 5974–82. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M109.076109.
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  - Pluciennik, Anna, Vickers Burdett, Olga Lukianova, Mike O’Donnell, and Paul Modrich. “Involvement of the beta clamp in methyl-directed mismatch repair in vitro.” J Biol Chem 284, no. 47 (November 20, 2009): 32782–91. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M109.054528.
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  - Genschel, Jochen, and Paul Modrich. “Functions of MutLalpha, replication protein A (RPA), and HMGB1 in 5'-directed mismatch repair.” J Biol Chem 284, no. 32 (August 7, 2009): 21536–44. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M109.021287.
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  - Zhao, Junhua, Aklank Jain, Ravi R. Iyer, Paul L. Modrich, and Karen M. Vasquez. “Mismatch repair and nucleotide excision repair proteins cooperate in the recognition of DNA interstrand crosslinks.” Nucleic Acids Res 37, no. 13 (July 2009): 4420–29. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkp399.
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  - Kadyrov, Farid A., Jochen Genschel, Yanan Fang, Elisabeth Penland, Winfried Edelmann, and Paul Modrich. “A possible mechanism for exonuclease 1-independent eukaryotic mismatch repair.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106, no. 21 (May 26, 2009): 8495–8500. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0903654106.
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  - Nimonkar, Amitabh V., A Zeynep Ozsoy, Jochen Genschel, Paul Modrich, and Stephen C. Kowalczykowski. “Human exonuclease 1 and BLM helicase interact to resect DNA and initiate DNA repair.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 105, no. 44 (November 4, 2008): 16906–11. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0809380105.
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  - Maxwell, Jill A., Stewart P. Johnson, Roger E. McLendon, David W. Lister, Krystle S. Horne, Ahmed Rasheed, Jennifer A. Quinn, et al. “Mismatch repair deficiency does not mediate clinical resistance to temozolomide in malignant glioma.” Clin Cancer Res 14, no. 15 (August 1, 2008): 4859–68. https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-07-4807.
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  - Iyer, Ravi R., Timothy J. Pohlhaus, Sihong Chen, Gregory L. Hura, Leonid Dzantiev, Lorena S. Beese, and Paul Modrich. “The MutSalpha-proliferating cell nuclear antigen interaction in human DNA mismatch repair.” J Biol Chem 283, no. 19 (May 9, 2008): 13310–19. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M800606200.
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  - Sacho, Elizabeth J., Farid A. Kadyrov, Paul Modrich, Thomas A. Kunkel, and Dorothy A. Erie. “Direct visualization of asymmetric adenine-nucleotide-induced conformational changes in MutL alpha.” Mol Cell 29, no. 1 (January 18, 2008): 112–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2007.10.030.
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  - Kadyrov, Farid A., Shannon F. Holmes, Mercedes E. Arana, Olga A. Lukianova, Mike O’Donnell, Thomas A. Kunkel, and Paul Modrich. “Saccharomyces cerevisiae MutLalpha is a mismatch repair endonuclease.” J Biol Chem 282, no. 51 (December 21, 2007): 37181–90. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M707617200.
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  - Pluciennik, Anna, and Paul Modrich. “Protein roadblocks and helix discontinuities are barriers to the initiation of mismatch repair.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104, no. 31 (July 31, 2007): 12709–13. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0705129104.
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  - Warren, Joshua J., Timothy J. Pohlhaus, Anita Changela, Ravi R. Iyer, Paul L. Modrich, and Lorena S. Beese. “Structure of the human MutSalpha DNA lesion recognition complex.” Mol Cell 26, no. 4 (May 25, 2007): 579–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2007.04.018.
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  - Modrich, Paul. “Mechanisms in eukaryotic mismatch repair.” J Biol Chem 281, no. 41 (October 13, 2006): 30305–9. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.R600022200.
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  - York, Sally J., and Paul Modrich. “Mismatch repair-dependent iterative excision at irreparable O6-methylguanine lesions in human nuclear extracts.” J Biol Chem 281, no. 32 (August 11, 2006): 22674–83. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M603667200.
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  - Kadyrov, Farid A., Leonid Dzantiev, Nicoleta Constantin, and Paul Modrich. “Endonucleolytic function of MutLalpha in human mismatch repair.” Cell 126, no. 2 (July 28, 2006): 297–308. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2006.05.039.
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  - Bio FAB Group, Ron, David Baker, George Church, Jim Collins, Drew Endy, Joseph Jacobson, Jay Keasling, Paul Modrich, Christina Smolke, and Ron Weiss. “Engineering life: building a fab for biology.” Sci Am 294, no. 6 (June 2006): 44–51. https://doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican0606-44.
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  - López de Saro, Francisco J., Martin G. Marinus, Paul Modrich, and Mike O’Donnell. “The beta sliding clamp binds to multiple sites within MutL and MutS.” J Biol Chem 281, no. 20 (May 19, 2006): 14340–49. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M601264200.
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  - Chintagumpala, Murali M., Henry S. Friedman, Clinton F. Stewart, James Kepner, Roger E. McLendon, Paul L. Modrich, Charles McCluggage, et al. “A phase II window trial of procarbazine and topotecan in children with high-grade glioma: a report from the children's oncology group.” J Neurooncol 77, no. 2 (April 2006): 193–98. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-005-9024-x.
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  - Iyer, Ravi R., Anna Pluciennik, Vickers Burdett, and Paul L. Modrich. “DNA mismatch repair: functions and mechanisms.” Chem Rev 106, no. 2 (February 2006): 302–23. https://doi.org/10.1021/cr0404794.
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  - Genschel, Jochen, and Paul Modrich. “Analysis of the excision step in human DNA mismatch repair.” Methods Enzymol 408 (2006): 273–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0076-6879(06)08017-7.
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  - Constantin, Nicoleta, Leonid Dzantiev, Farid A. Kadyrov, and Paul Modrich. “Human mismatch repair: reconstitution of a nick-directed bidirectional reaction.” J Biol Chem 280, no. 48 (December 2, 2005): 39752–61. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M509701200.
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  - Cheng, C Lynn, Stewart P. Johnson, Stephen T. Keir, Jennifer A. Quinn, Francis Ali-Osman, Csaba Szabo, Hongshan Li, et al. “Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 inhibition reverses temozolomide resistance in a DNA mismatch repair-deficient malignant glioma xenograft.” Mol Cancer Ther 4, no. 9 (September 2005): 1364–68. https://doi.org/10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-05-0128.
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  - Koshiji, Minori, Kenneth K-W To, Stefanie Hammer, Kensuke Kumamoto, Adrian L. Harris, Paul Modrich, and L Eric Huang. “HIF-1alpha induces genetic instability by transcriptionally downregulating MutSalpha expression.” Mol Cell 17, no. 6 (March 18, 2005): 793–803. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2005.02.015.
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  - Modrich, P. “Early thinking on the nature of mismatch repair.” Dna Repair 4, no. 1 (January 2, 2005): 103–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dnarep.2004.07.002.
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  - Lu, A-Lien, Susanna Clark, and Paul Modrich. “Methyl-directed repair of DNA base-pair mismatches in vitro. 1983.” Dna Repair (Amst) 4, no. 1 (January 2, 2005): 134–38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dnarep.2004.07.003.
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  - Bacolod, Manny D., Stewart P. Johnson, Anthony E. Pegg, M Eileen Dolan, Robert C. Moschel, Nancy S. Bullock, Qingming Fang, et al. “Brain tumor cell lines resistant to O6-benzylguanine/1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea chemotherapy have O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase mutations.” Mol Cancer Ther 3, no. 9 (September 2004): 1127–35.
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  - Dzantiev, Leonid, Nicoleta Constantin, Jochen Genschel, Ravi R. Iyer, Peter M. Burgers, and Paul Modrich. “A defined human system that supports bidirectional mismatch-provoked excision.” Mol Cell 15, no. 1 (July 2, 2004): 31–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2004.06.016.
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  - Martik, Diana, Celia Baitinger, and Paul Modrich. “Differential specificities and simultaneous occupancy of human MutSalpha nucleotide binding sites.” J Biol Chem 279, no. 27 (July 2, 2004): 28402–10. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M312108200.
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  - Vilenchik, Maria, David Solit, Andrea Basso, Henri Huezo, Brian Lucas, Huazhong He, Neal Rosen, Claudia Spampinato, Paul Modrich, and Gabriela Chiosis. “Targeting wide-range oncogenic transformation via PU24FCl, a specific inhibitor of tumor Hsp90.” Chem Biol 11, no. 6 (June 2004): 787–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chembiol.2004.04.008.
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  - Yang, Qin, Ran Zhang, Xin W. Wang, Steven P. Linke, Sagar Sengupta, Ian D. Hickson, Graziella Pedrazzi, et al. “The mismatch DNA repair heterodimer, hMSH2/6, regulates BLM helicase.” Oncogene 23, no. 21 (May 6, 2004): 3749–56. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1207462.
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  - Baitinger, Celia, Vickers Burdett, and Paul Modrich. “Hydrolytically deficient MutS E694A is defective in the MutL-dependent activation of MutH and in the mismatch-dependent assembly of the MutS.MutL.heteroduplex complex.” J Biol Chem 278, no. 49 (December 5, 2003): 49505–11. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M308738200.
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  - Genschel, Jochen, and Paul Modrich. “Mechanism of 5'-directed excision in human mismatch repair.” Mol Cell 12, no. 5 (November 2003): 1077–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1097-2765(03)00428-3.
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  - Bjornson, Keith P., Leonard J. Blackwell, Harvey Sage, Celia Baitinger, Dwayne Allen, and Paul Modrich. “Assembly and molecular activities of the MutS tetramer.” J Biol Chem 278, no. 36 (September 5, 2003): 34667–73. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M305513200.
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  - Bjornson, Keith P., and Paul Modrich. “Differential and simultaneous adenosine di- and triphosphate binding by MutS.” J Biol Chem 278, no. 20 (May 16, 2003): 18557–62. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M301101200.
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  - Bacolod, Manny D., Stewart P. Johnson, Francis Ali-Osman, Paul Modrich, Nancy S. Bullock, O Michael Colvin, Darell D. Bigner, and Henry S. Friedman. “Mechanisms of resistance to 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea in human medulloblastoma and rhabdomyosarcoma.” Mol Cancer Ther 1, no. 9 (July 2002): 727–36.
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  - Genschel, Jochen, Laura R. Bazemore, and Paul Modrich. “Human exonuclease I is required for 5' and 3' mismatch repair.” J Biol Chem 277, no. 15 (April 12, 2002): 13302–11. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M111854200.
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  - Chen, S., S. H. Bigner, and P. Modrich. “High rate of CAD gene amplification in human cells deficient in MLH1 or MSH6.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 98, no. 24 (November 20, 2001): 13802–7. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.241508098.
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  - Blackwell, L. J., K. P. Bjornson, D. J. Allen, and P. Modrich. “Distinct MutS DNA-binding modes that are differentially modulated by ATP binding and hydrolysis.” J Biol Chem 276, no. 36 (September 7, 2001): 34339–47. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M104256200.
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  - Blackwell, L. J., S. Wang, and P. Modrich. “DNA chain length dependence of formation and dynamics of hMutSalpha.hMutLalpha.heteroduplex complexes.” J Biol Chem 276, no. 35 (August 31, 2001): 33233–40. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M105076200.
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  - Viswanathan, M., V. Burdett, C. Baitinger, P. Modrich, and S. T. Lovett. “Redundant exonuclease involvement in Escherichia coli methyl-directed mismatch repair.” J Biol Chem 276, no. 33 (August 17, 2001): 31053–58. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M105481200.
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  - Burdett, V., C. Baitinger, M. Viswanathan, S. T. Lovett, and P. Modrich. “In vivo requirement for RecJ, ExoVII, ExoI, and ExoX in methyl-directed mismatch repair.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 98, no. 12 (June 5, 2001): 6765–70. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.121183298.
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  - Ma, A. H., L. Xia, S. J. Littman, S. Swinler, G. Lader, A. Polinkovsky, J. Olechnowicz, et al. “Somatic mutation of hPMS2 as a possible cause of sporadic human colon cancer with microsatellite instability.” Oncogene 19, no. 18 (April 27, 2000): 2249–56. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1203568.
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  - Spampinato, C., and P. Modrich. “The MutL ATPase is required for mismatch repair.” J Biol Chem 275, no. 13 (March 31, 2000): 9863–69. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.275.13.9863.
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  - Bjornson, K. P., D. J. Allen, and P. Modrich. “Modulation of MutS ATP hydrolysis by DNA cofactors.” Biochemistry 39, no. 11 (March 21, 2000): 3176–83. https://doi.org/10.1021/bi992286u.
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  - Hoyt, P. R., M. J. Doktycz, P. Modrich, R. J. Warmack, and D. P. Allison. “Identifying sequence similarities between DNA molecules.” Ultramicroscopy 82, no. 1–4 (February 2000): 237–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0304-3991(99)00153-9.
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  - Wright, D. J., W. E. Jack, and P. Modrich. “The kinetic mechanism of EcoRI endonuclease.” J Biol Chem 274, no. 45 (November 5, 1999): 31896–902. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.274.45.31896.
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  - Duckett, D. R., S. M. Bronstein, Y. Taya, and P. Modrich. “hMutSalpha- and hMutLalpha-dependent phosphorylation of p53 in response to DNA methylator damage.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 96, no. 22 (October 26, 1999): 12384–88. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.22.12384.
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  - Littman, S. J., W. H. Fang, and P. Modrich. “Repair of large insertion/deletion heterologies in human nuclear extracts is directed by a 5' single-strand break and is independent of the mismatch repair system.” J Biol Chem 274, no. 11 (March 12, 1999): 7474–81. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.274.11.7474.
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  - Dong, Q., S. P. Johnson, O. M. Colvin, N. Bullock, C. Kilborn, G. Runyon, D. M. Sullivan, et al. “Multiple DNA repair mechanisms and alkylator resistance in the human medulloblastoma cell line D-283 Med (4-HCR).” Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 43, no. 1 (1999): 73–79. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002800050865.
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  - Friedman, H. S., A. E. Pegg, S. P. Johnson, N. A. Loktionova, M. E. Dolan, P. Modrich, R. C. Moschel, et al. “Modulation of cyclophosphamide activity by O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase.” Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 43, no. 1 (1999): 80–85. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002800050866.
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  - Friedman, H. S., R. E. McLendon, T. Kerby, M. Dugan, S. H. Bigner, A. J. Henry, D. M. Ashley, et al. “DNA mismatch repair and O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase analysis and response to Temodal in newly diagnosed malignant glioma.” J Clin Oncol 16, no. 12 (December 1998): 3851–57. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1998.16.12.3851.
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  - Blackwell, L. J., D. Martik, K. P. Bjornson, E. S. Bjornson, and P. Modrich. “Nucleotide-promoted release of hMutSalpha from heteroduplex DNA is consistent with an ATP-dependent translocation mechanism.” J Biol Chem 273, no. 48 (November 27, 1998): 32055–62. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.273.48.32055.
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  - Blackwell, L. J., K. P. Bjornson, and P. Modrich. “DNA-dependent activation of the hMutSalpha ATPase.” J Biol Chem 273, no. 48 (November 27, 1998): 32049–54. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.273.48.32049.
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  - Genschel, J., S. J. Littman, J. T. Drummond, and P. Modrich. “Erratum: Isolation of MutSβ from human cells and comparison of the mismatch repair specificities of MutSβ and MutSα (Journal of Biological Chemistry (1998) 273 (19895-19901)).” Journal of Biological Chemistry 273, no. 41 (October 9, 1998): 27034.
  - Genschel, J., S. J. Littman, J. T. Drummond, and P. Modrich. “Isolation of MutSbeta from human cells and comparison of the mismatch repair specificities of MutSbeta and MutSalpha.” J Biol Chem 273, no. 31 (July 31, 1998): 19895–901. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.273.31.19895.
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  - Veigl, M. L., L. Kasturi, J. Olechnowicz, A. H. Ma, J. D. Lutterbaugh, S. Periyasamy, G. M. Li, et al. “Biallelic inactivation of hMLH1 by epigenetic gene silencing, a novel mechanism causing human MSI cancers.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95, no. 15 (July 21, 1998): 8698–8702. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.95.15.8698.
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  - Lee, S. E., S. P. Johnson, L. P. Hale, J. Li, N. Bullock, H. Fuchs, A. Friedman, et al. “Analysis of DNA mismatch repair proteins in human medulloblastoma.” Clin Cancer Res 4, no. 6 (June 1998): 1415–19.
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  - Dao, V., and P. Modrich. “Mismatch-, MutS-, MutL-, and helicase II-dependent unwinding from the single-strand break of an incised heteroduplex.” J Biol Chem 273, no. 15 (April 10, 1998): 9202–7. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.273.15.9202.
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  - Yamaguchi, M., V. Dao, and P. Modrich. “MutS and MutL activate DNA helicase II in a mismatch-dependent manner.” J Biol Chem 273, no. 15 (April 10, 1998): 9197–9201. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.273.15.9197.
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  - Eshleman, J. R., P. S. Donover, S. J. Littman, S. E. Swinler, G. M. Li, J. D. Lutterbaugh, J. K. Willson, et al. “Increased transversions in a novel mutator colon cancer cell line.” Oncogene 16, no. 9 (March 5, 1998): 1125–30. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1201629.
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  - Nicolaides, N. C., S. J. Littman, P. Modrich, K. W. Kinzler, and B. Vogelstein. “A naturally occurring hPMS2 mutation can confer a dominant negative mutator phenotype.” Mol Cell Biol 18, no. 3 (March 1998): 1635–41. https://doi.org/10.1128/MCB.18.3.1635.
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  - Hanley, M. L., G. B. Elion, O. M. Colvin, P. L. Modrich, S. Keir, D. J. Adams, D. D. Bigner, and H. S. Friedman. “Therapeutic efficacy of vinorelbine against pediatric and adult central nervous system tumors.” Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 42, no. 6 (1998): 479–82. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002800050848.
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  - Drummond, J., D. Duckett, J. Genschel, M. Lonyley, A. Pierce, S. Litlman, G. M. Li, and P. Modrich. “MutSα MutSβ, MutLα and DNA polymerase ôin human mismatch repair.” Faseb Journal 11, no. 9 (December 1, 1997).
  - Drummond, J., and P. Modrich. “Methotrexate-inducfd amplification of the human DHHFR/MSH3 region alters the ratio of mutsd and mutsβ and reduces the efficacy of base-base mismatch repair.” Faseb Journal 11, no. 9 (December 1, 1997).
  - Modrich, P. “Strand-specific mismatch repair in mammalian cells.” J Biol Chem 272, no. 40 (October 3, 1997): 24727–30. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.272.40.24727.
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  - Drummond, J. T., J. Genschel, E. Wolf, and P. Modrich. “DHFR/MSH3 amplification in methotrexate-resistant cells alters the hMutSalpha/hMutSbeta ratio and reduces the efficiency of base-base mismatch repair.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 94, no. 19 (September 16, 1997): 10144–49. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.94.19.10144.
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  - Allen, D. J., A. Makhov, M. Grilley, J. Taylor, R. Thresher, P. Modrich, and J. D. Griffith. “MutS mediates heteroduplex loop formation by a translocation mechanism.” Embo J 16, no. 14 (July 16, 1997): 4467–76. https://doi.org/10.1093/emboj/16.14.4467.
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  - Friedman, H. S., S. P. Johnson, Q. Dong, S. C. Schold, B. K. Rasheed, S. H. Bigner, F. Ali-Osman, et al. “Methylator resistance mediated by mismatch repair deficiency in a glioblastoma multiforme xenograft.” Cancer Res 57, no. 14 (July 15, 1997): 2933–36.
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  - Smith, J., and P. Modrich. “Removal of polymerase-produced mutant sequences from PCR products.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 94, no. 13 (June 24, 1997): 6847–50. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.94.13.6847.
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  - Allison, D. P., P. S. Kerper, M. J. Doktycz, T. Thundat, P. Modrich, F. W. Larimer, D. K. Johnson, P. R. Hoyt, M. L. Mucenski, and R. J. Warmack. “Mapping individual cosmid DNAs by direct AFM imaging.” Genomics 41, no. 3 (May 1, 1997): 379–84. https://doi.org/10.1006/geno.1997.4686.
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  - Longley, M. J., A. J. Pierce, and P. Modrich. “DNA polymerase delta is required for human mismatch repair in vitro.” J Biol Chem 272, no. 16 (April 18, 1997): 10917–21. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.272.16.10917.
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  - Mu, D., M. Tursun, D. R. Duckett, J. T. Drummond, P. Modrich, and A. Sancar. “Recognition and repair of compound DNA lesions (base damage and mismatch) by human mismatch repair and excision repair systems.” Mol Cell Biol 17, no. 2 (February 1997): 760–69. https://doi.org/10.1128/MCB.17.2.760.
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  - Drummond, J., G. M. Li, D. Duckett, and P. Modrich. “Hmutlα and hmutsα in human mismatch repair.” Faseb Journal 10, no. 6 (December 1, 1996).
  - Allison, D. P., P. S. Kerper, M. J. Doktycz, J. A. Spain, P. Modrich, F. W. Larimer, T. Thundat, and R. J. Warmack. “Direct atomic force microscope imaging of EcoRI endonuclease site specifically bound to plasmid DNA molecules.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 93, no. 17 (August 20, 1996): 8826–29. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.93.17.8826.
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  - Drummond, J. T., A. Anthoney, R. Brown, and P. Modrich. “Cisplatin and adriamycin resistance are associated with MutLalpha and mismatch repair deficiency in an ovarian tumor cell line.” J Biol Chem 271, no. 33 (August 16, 1996): 19645–48. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.271.33.19645.
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  - Duckett, D. R., J. T. Drummond, A. I. Murchie, J. T. Reardon, A. Sancar, D. M. Lilley, and P. Modrich. “Human MutSalpha recognizes damaged DNA base pairs containing O6-methylguanine, O4-methylthymine, or the cisplatin-d(GpG) adduct.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 93, no. 13 (June 25, 1996): 6443–47. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.93.13.6443.
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  - Smith, J., and P. Modrich. “Mutation detection with MutH, MutL, and MutS mismatch repair proteins.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 93, no. 9 (April 30, 1996): 4374–79. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.93.9.4374.
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  - Eshleman, J. R., S. D. Markowitz, P. S. Donover, E. Z. Lang, J. D. Lutterbaugh, G. M. Li, M. Longley, P. Modrich, M. L. Veigl, and W. D. Sedwick. “Diverse hypermutability of multiple expressed sequence motifs present in a cancer with microsatellite instability.” Oncogene 12, no. 7 (April 4, 1996): 1425–32.
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  - Iaccarino, I., F. Palombo, J. Drummond, N. F. Totty, J. J. Hsuan, P. Modrich, and J. Jiricny. “MSH6, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein that binds to mismatches as a heterodimer with MSH2.” Curr Biol 6, no. 4 (April 1, 1996): 484–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0960-9822(02)00516-x.
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  - Modrich, P., and R. Lahue. “Mismatch repair in replication fidelity, genetic recombination, and cancer biology.” Annu Rev Biochem 65 (1996): 101–33. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.bi.65.070196.000533.
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  - Dong, Q., D. Barsky, M. E. Colvin, C. F. Melius, S. M. Ludeman, J. F. Moravek, O. M. Colvin, D. D. Bigner, P. Modrich, and H. S. Friedman. “A structural basis for a phosphoramide mustard-induced DNA interstrand cross-link at 5'-d(GAC).” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 92, no. 26 (December 19, 1995): 12170–74. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.92.26.12170.
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  - Modrich, P. “A Human Protein with Antimutator Activity.” Japanese Journal of Cancer Research 86, no. 12 (December 1, 1995): 1226–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/0910-5050(96)85267-7.
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  - Drummond, J. T., G. M. Li, M. J. Longley, and P. Modrich. “Isolation of an hMSH2-p160 heterodimer that restores DNA mismatch repair to tumor cells.” Science 268, no. 5219 (June 30, 1995): 1909–12. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.7604264.
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  - Parsons, R., G. M. Li, M. Longley, P. Modrich, B. Liu, T. Berk, S. R. Hamilton, K. W. Kinzler, and B. Vogelstein. “Mismatch repair deficiency in phenotypically normal human cells.” Science 268, no. 5211 (May 5, 1995): 738–40. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.7632227.
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  - Li, G. M., and P. Modrich. “Restoration of mismatch repair to nuclear extracts of H6 colorectal tumor cells by a heterodimer of human MutL homologs.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 92, no. 6 (March 14, 1995): 1950–54. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.92.6.1950.
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  - Modrich, P. “A human protein with antimutator activity.” Jpn J Cancer Res 86, no. 2 (February 1995): insidefrontcover.
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  - Modrich, P. “Mismatch repair, genetic stability and tumour avoidance.” Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 347, no. 1319 (January 30, 1995): 89–95. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1995.0014.
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  - Allison, D. P., T. G. Thundat, P. Modrich, R. J. Isfort, M. J. Doktycz, P. S. Kerper, and R. J. Warmack. “Mapping site-specific endonuclease binding to DNA by direct imaging with atomic force microscopy (AFM).” Proceedings of Spie the International Society for Optical Engineering 2386 (January 1, 1995): 24–29. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.206037.
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  - Modrich, P. “Mismatch repair, genetic stability, and cancer.” Science 266, no. 5193 (December 23, 1994): 1959–60. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.7801122.
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  - Zinnen, S., J. C. Hsieh, and P. Modrich. “Misincorporation and mispaired primer extension by human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase.” J Biol Chem 269, no. 39 (September 30, 1994): 24195–202.
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  - Worth, L., S. Clark, M. Radman, and P. Modrich. “Mismatch repair proteins MutS and MutL inhibit RecA-catalyzed strand transfer between diverged DNAs.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 91, no. 8 (April 12, 1994): 3238–41. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.91.8.3238.
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  - Parsons, R., G. M. Li, M. J. Longley, W. H. Fang, N. Papadopoulos, J. Jen, A. de la Chapelle, K. W. Kinzler, B. Vogelstein, and P. Modrich. “Hypermutability and mismatch repair deficiency in RER+ tumor cells.” Cell 75, no. 6 (December 17, 1993): 1227–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/0092-8674(93)90331-j.
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  - Hsieh, J. C., S. Zinnen, and P. Modrich. “Kinetic mechanism of the DNA-dependent DNA polymerase activity of human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase.” J Biol Chem 268, no. 33 (November 25, 1993): 24607–13.
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  - Kat, A., W. G. Thilly, W. H. Fang, M. J. Longley, G. M. Li, and P. Modrich. “An alkylation-tolerant, mutator human cell line is deficient in strand-specific mismatch repair.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 90, no. 14 (July 15, 1993): 6424–28. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.90.14.6424.
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  - Cooper, D. L., R. S. Lahue, and P. Modrich. “Methyl-directed mismatch repair is bidirectional.” J Biol Chem 268, no. 16 (June 5, 1993): 11823–29.
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  - Fang, W. H., and P. Modrich. “Human strand-specific mismatch repair occurs by a bidirectional mechanism similar to that of the bacterial reaction.” J Biol Chem 268, no. 16 (June 5, 1993): 11838–44.
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  - Grilley, M., J. Griffith, and P. Modrich. “Bidirectional excision in methyl-directed mismatch repair.” J Biol Chem 268, no. 16 (June 5, 1993): 11830–37.
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  - Naegeli, H., P. Modrich, and E. C. Friedberg. “The DNA helicase activities of Rad3 protein of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and helicase II of Escherichia coli are differentially inhibited by covalent and noncovalent DNA modifications.” J Biol Chem 268, no. 14 (May 15, 1993): 10386–92.
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  - Nelson, S. F., J. H. McCusker, M. A. Sander, Y. Kee, P. Modrich, and P. O. Brown. “Genomic mismatch scanning: a new approach to genetic linkage mapping.” Nat Genet 4, no. 1 (May 1993): 11–18. https://doi.org/10.1038/ng0593-11.
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  - Fang, W. H., G. M. Li, M. Longley, J. Holmes, W. Thilly, and P. Modrich. “Mismatch repair and genetic stability in human cells.” Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 58 (1993): 597–603. https://doi.org/10.1101/sqb.1993.058.01.066.
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  - Au, K. G., K. Welsh, and P. Modrich. “Initiation of methyl-directed mismatch repair.” J Biol Chem 267, no. 17 (June 15, 1992): 12142–48.
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  - Modrich, P. “Mechanisms and biological effects of mismatch repair.” Annu Rev Genet 25 (1991): 229–53. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ge.25.120191.001305.
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  - Holmes, J., S. Clark, and P. Modrich. “Strand-specific mismatch correction in nuclear extracts of human and Drosophila melanogaster cell lines.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 87, no. 15 (August 1990): 5837–41. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.87.15.5837.
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  - Grilley, M., J. Holmes, B. Yashar, and P. Modrich. “Mechanisms of DNA-mismatch correction.” Mutat Res 236, no. 2–3 (1990): 253–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/0921-8777(90)90009-t.
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  - Au, K. G., S. Clark, J. H. Miller, and P. Modrich. “Escherichia coli mutY gene encodes an adenine glycosylase active on G-A mispairs.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 86, no. 22 (November 1989): 8877–81. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.86.22.8877.
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  - King, K., S. J. Benkovic, and P. Modrich. “Glu-111 is required for activation of the DNA cleavage center of EcoRI endonuclease.” J Biol Chem 264, no. 20 (July 15, 1989): 11807–15.
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  - Wright, D. J., K. King, and P. Modrich. “The negative charge of Glu-111 is required to activate the cleavage center of EcoRI endonuclease.” J Biol Chem 264, no. 20 (July 15, 1989): 11816–21.
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  - Lahue, R. S., K. G. Au, and P. Modrich. “DNA mismatch correction in a defined system.” Science 245, no. 4914 (July 14, 1989): 160–64. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.2665076.
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  - Modrich, P. “Methyl-directed DNA mismatch correction.” J Biol Chem 264, no. 12 (April 25, 1989): 6597–6600.
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  - Grilley, M., K. M. Welsh, S. S. Su, and P. Modrich. “Isolation and characterization of the Escherichia coli mutL gene product.” J Biol Chem 264, no. 2 (January 15, 1989): 1000–1004.
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  - Su, S. S., M. Grilley, R. Thresher, J. Griffith, and P. Modrich. “Gap formation is associated with methyl-directed mismatch correction under conditions of restricted DNA synthesis.” Genome 31, no. 1 (1989): 104–11. https://doi.org/10.1139/g89-020.
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  - Au, K. G., M. Cabrera, J. H. Miller, and P. Modrich. “Escherichia coli mutY gene product is required for specific A-G----C.G mismatch correction.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 85, no. 23 (December 1988): 9163–66. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.85.23.9163.
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  - Jiricny, J., S. S. Su, S. G. Wood, and P. Modrich. “Mismatch-containing oligonucleotide duplexes bound by the E. coli mutS-encoded protein.” Nucleic Acids Res 16, no. 16 (August 25, 1988): 7843–53. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/16.16.7843.
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  - Su, S. S., R. S. Lahue, K. G. Au, and P. Modrich. “Mispair specificity of methyl-directed DNA mismatch correction in vitro.” J Biol Chem 263, no. 14 (May 15, 1988): 6829–35.
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  - Lahue, R. S., and P. Modrich. “Methyl-directed DNA mismatch repair in Escherichia coli.” Mutat Res 198, no. 1 (March 1988): 37–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/0027-5107(88)90037-1.
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  - Jhon, N. I., J. R. Casas-Finet, A. H. Maki, and P. Modrich. “Investigation of the complexes of EcoRI endonuclease with decanucleotides containing canonical and modified recognition sequences using fluorescence and optical detection of magnetic resonance spectroscopy.” Biochim Biophys Acta 949, no. 2 (February 28, 1988): 189–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-4781(88)90082-6.
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  - Welsh, K. M., A. L. Lu, S. Clark, and P. Modrich. “Isolation and characterization of the Escherichia coli mutH gene product.” J Biol Chem 262, no. 32 (November 15, 1987): 15624–29.
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  - Lahue, R. S., S. S. Su, and P. Modrich. “Requirement for d(GATC) sequences in Escherichia coli mutHLS mismatch correction.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 84, no. 6 (March 1987): 1482–86. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.84.6.1482.
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  - Modrich, P. “DNA mismatch correction.” Annu Rev Biochem 56 (1987): 435–66. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.bi.56.070187.002251.
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  - Rebbe, N. F., J. Ware, R. M. Bertina, P. Modrich, and D. W. Stafford. “Nucleotide sequence of a cDNA for a member of the human 90-kDa heat-shock protein family.” Gene 53, no. 2–3 (1987): 235–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-1119(87)90012-6.
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  - Terry, B. J., W. E. Jack, and P. Modrich. “Mechanism of specific site location and DNA cleavage by EcoR I endonuclease.” Gene Amplif Anal 5 (1987): 103–18.
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  - Su, S. S., and P. Modrich. “Escherichia coli mutS-encoded protein binds to mismatched DNA base pairs.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 83, no. 14 (July 1986): 5057–61. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.83.14.5057.
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  - Modrich, P. “Mismatch correction.” Basic Life Sci 38 (1986): 303–10. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9462-8_32.
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  - Terry, B. J., W. E. Jack, and P. Modrich. “Facilitated diffusion during catalysis by EcoRI endonuclease. Nonspecific interactions in EcoRI catalysis.” J Biol Chem 260, no. 24 (October 25, 1985): 13130–37.
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  - Bowden, D. W., and P. Modrich. “In vitro maturation of circular bacteriophage P2 DNA. Purification of ter components and characterization of the reaction.” J Biol Chem 260, no. 11 (June 10, 1985): 6999–7007.
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  - Cheng, S. C., G. Herman, and P. Modrich. “Extent of equilibrium perturbation of the DNA helix upon enzymatic methylation of adenine residues.” J Biol Chem 260, no. 1 (January 10, 1985): 191–94.
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  - Kim, R., P. Modrich, and S. H. Kim. “'Interactive' recognition in EcoRI restriction enzyme-DNA complex.” Nucleic Acids Res 12, no. 19 (October 11, 1984): 7285–92. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/12.19.7285.
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  - Manavalan, P., W. C. Johnson, and P. Modrich. “Prediction of secondary structure for Eco RI endonuclease.” J Biol Chem 259, no. 19 (October 10, 1984): 11666–67.
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  - Cheng, S. C., R. Kim, K. King, S. H. Kim, and P. Modrich. “Isolation of gram quantities of EcoRI restriction and modification enzymes from an overproducing strain.” J Biol Chem 259, no. 18 (September 25, 1984): 11571–75.
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  - Green, P. R., T. C. Vanaman, P. Modrich, and R. M. Bell. “Partial NH2- and COOH-terminal sequence and cyanogen bromide peptide analysis of Escherichia coli sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase.” Journal of Biological Chemistry 258, no. 18 (September 25, 1983): 10862–66.
  - Lightner, V. A., R. M. Bell, and P. Modrich. “The DNA sequences encoding plsB and dgk loci of Escherichia coli.” Journal of Biological Chemistry 258, no. 18 (September 25, 1983): 10856–61.
  - Terry, B. J., W. E. Jack, R. A. Rubin, and P. Modrich. “Thermodynamic parameters governing interaction of EcoRI endonuclease with specific and nonspecific DNA sequences.” J Biol Chem 258, no. 16 (August 25, 1983): 9820–25.
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  - Lu, A. L., S. Clark, and P. Modrich. “Methyl-directed repair of DNA base-pair mismatches in vitro.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 80, no. 15 (August 1983): 4639–43. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.80.15.4639.
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  - Pukkila, P. J., J. Peterson, G. Herman, P. Modrich, and M. Meselson. “Effects of high levels of DNA adenine methylation on methyl-directed mismatch repair in Escherichia coli.” Genetics 104, no. 4 (August 1983): 571–82. https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/104.4.571.
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  - Adler, S., and P. Modrich. “T7-induced DNA polymerase. Requirement for thioredoxin sulfhydryl groups.” J Biol Chem 258, no. 11 (June 10, 1983): 6956–62.
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  - Cheng, S. C., and P. Modrich. “Positive-selection cloning vehicle useful for overproduction of hybrid proteins.” J Bacteriol 154, no. 2 (May 1983): 1005–8. https://doi.org/10.1128/jb.154.2.1005-1008.1983.
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  - Jack, W. E., B. J. Terry, and P. Modrich. “Involvement of outside DNA sequences in the major kinetic path by which EcoRI endonuclease locates and leaves its recognition sequence.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 79, no. 13 (July 1982): 4010–14. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.79.13.4010.
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  - Brody, R. S., S. Adler, P. Modrich, W. J. Stec, Z. J. Leznikowski, and P. A. Frey. “Stereochemical course of nucleotidyl transfer catalyzed by bacteriophage T7 induced DNA polymerase.” Biochemistry 21, no. 10 (May 11, 1982): 2570–72. https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00539a042.
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  - Herman, G. E., and P. Modrich. “Escherichia coli dam methylase. Physical and catalytic properties of the homogeneous enzyme.” J Biol Chem 257, no. 5 (March 10, 1982): 2605–12.
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  - Modrich, P. “Studies on sequence recognition by type II restriction and modification enzymes.” Crc Crit Rev Biochem 13, no. 3 (1982): 287–323. https://doi.org/10.3109/10409238209114231.
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  - Lu, A. L., W. E. Jack, and P. Modrich. “DNA determinants important in sequence recognition by Eco RI endonuclease.” J Biol Chem 256, no. 24 (December 25, 1981): 13200–206.
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  - Newman, A. K., R. A. Rubin, S. H. Kim, and P. Modrich. “DNA sequences of structural genes for Eco RI DNA restriction and modification enzymes.” J Biol Chem 256, no. 5 (March 10, 1981): 2131–39.
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  - Rubin, R. A., P. Modrich, and T. C. Vanaman. “Partial NH2- and cooh-terminal sequence analyses of Eco RI DNA restriction and modification enzymes.” J Biol Chem 256, no. 5 (March 10, 1981): 2140–42.
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  - Young, T., S. Kim, P. Modrich, A. Beth, and E. Jay. “Preliminary x-ray diffraction studies of EcoRI restriction endonuclease-DNA complex.” J Mol Biol 145, no. 3 (January 25, 1981): 607–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-2836(81)90548-9.
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  - Bowden, D. W., and P. Modrich. “In vitro studies on the bacteriophage P2 terminase system.” Prog Clin Biol Res 64 (1981): 223–30.
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  - Herman, G. E., and P. Modrich. “Escherichia coli K-12 clones that overproduce dam methylase are hypermutable.” J Bacteriol 145, no. 1 (January 1981): 644–46. https://doi.org/10.1128/jb.145.1.644-646.1981.
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  - Jack, W. E., R. A. Rubin, A. Newman, and P. Modrich. “Structures and mechanisms of Eco RI DNA restriction and modification enzymes.” Gene Amplif Anal 1 (1981): 165–79.
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  - Larson, T. J., V. A. Lightner, P. R. Green, P. Modrich, and R. M. Bell. “Membrane phospholipid synthesis in Escherichia coli. Identification of the sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase polypeptide as the plsB gene product.” J Biol Chem 255, no. 19 (October 10, 1980): 9421–26.
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  - Lightner, V. A., T. J. Larson, P. Tailleur, G. D. Kantor, C. R. Raetz, R. M. Bell, and P. Modrich. “Membrane phospholipid synthesis in Escherichia coli. Cloning of a structural gene (plsB) of the sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyl/transferase.” J Biol Chem 255, no. 19 (October 10, 1980): 9413–20.
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  - Clark, D., V. Lightner, R. Edgar, P. Modrich, J. E. Cronan, and R. M. Bell. “Regulation of phospholipid biosynthesis in Escherichia coli. Cloning of the structural gene for the biosynthetic sn-glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase.” J Biol Chem 255, no. 2 (January 25, 1980): 714–17.
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  - Rubin, R. A., and P. Modrich. “Purification and properties of EcoRI endonuclease.” Methods Enzymol 65, no. 1 (1980): 96–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0076-6879(80)65014-9.
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  - Adler, S., and P. Modrich. “T7-induced DNA polymerase. Characterization of associated exonuclease activities and resolution into biologically active subunits.” J Biol Chem 254, no. 22 (November 25, 1979): 11605–14.
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  - Modrich, P. “Structures and mechanisms of DNA restriction and modification enzymes.” Q Rev Biophys 12, no. 3 (August 1979): 315–69. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033583500005461.
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  - Geier, G. E., and P. Modrich. “Recognition sequence of the dam methylase of Escherichia coli K12 and mode of cleavage of Dpn I endonuclease.” J Biol Chem 254, no. 4 (February 25, 1979): 1408–13.
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  - Rubin, R. A., and P. Modrich. “Substrate dependence of the mechanism of EcoRI endonuclease.” Nucleic Acids Res 5, no. 8 (August 1978): 2991–97. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/5.8.2991.
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  - Modrich, P., and R. A. Rubin. “Role of the 2-amino group of deoxyguanosine in sequence recognition by EcoRI restriction and modification enzymes.” J Biol Chem 252, no. 20 (October 25, 1977): 7273–78.
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  - Rubin, R. A., and P. Modrich. “EcoRI methylase. Physical and catalytic properties of the homogeneous enzyme.” J Biol Chem 252, no. 20 (October 25, 1977): 7265–72.
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  - Modrich, P., and D. Zabel. “EcoRI endonuclease. Physical and catalytic properties of the homogenous enzyme.” J Biol Chem 251, no. 19 (October 10, 1976): 5866–74.
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  - Panasenko, S. M., P. Modrich, and I. R. Lehman. “Modification of Escherichia coli DNA ligase by cleavage with trypsin.” J Biol Chem 251, no. 11 (June 10, 1976): 3432–35.
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  - Modrich, P., and C. C. Richardson. “Bacteriophage T7 Deoxyribonucleic acid replication in vitro. A protein of Escherichia coli required for bacteriophage T7 DNA polymerase activity.” J Biol Chem 250, no. 14 (July 25, 1975): 5508–14.
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  - Modrich, P., and C. C. Richardson. “Bacteriophage T7 deoxyribonucleic acid replication invitro. Bacteriophage T7 DNA polymerase: an an emzyme composed of phage- and host-specific subunits.” J Biol Chem 250, no. 14 (July 25, 1975): 5515–22.
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  - Konrad, E. B., P. Modrich, and I. R. Lehman. “DNA synthesis in strains of Escherichia coli K12 with temperature-sensitive DNA ligase and DNA polymerase I.” J Mol Biol 90, no. 1 (November 25, 1974): 115–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-2836(74)90260-5.
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  - Modorich, P., and I. R. Lehman. “Deoxyribonucleic acid ligase. A steady state kinetic analysis of the reaction catalyzed by the enzyme from Escherichia coli.” J Biol Chem 248, no. 21 (November 10, 1973): 7502–11.
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  - Modrich, P., Y. Anraku, and I. R. Lehman. “Deoxyribonucleic acid ligase. Isolation and physical characterization of the homogeneous enzyme from Escherichia coli.” J Biol Chem 248, no. 21 (November 10, 1973): 7495–7501.
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  - Konrad, E. B., P. Modrich, and I. R. Lehman. “Genetic and enzymatic characterization of a conditional lethal mutant of Escherichia coli K12 with a temperature-sensitive DNA ligase.” J Mol Biol 77, no. 4 (July 15, 1973): 519–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-2836(73)90220-9.
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  - Modrich, P., I. R. Lehman, and J. C. Wang. “Enzymatic joining of polynucleotides. XI. Reversal of Escherichia coli deoxyribonucleic acid ligase reaction.” J Biol Chem 247, no. 19 (October 10, 1972): 6370–72.
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  - Modrich, P., and I. R. Lehman. “Enzymatic characterization of a mutant of Escherichia coli with an altered DNA ligase.” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 68, no. 5 (May 1971): 1002–5. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.68.5.1002.
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  - Modrich, P., and I. R. Lehman. “Enzymatic joining of polynucleotides. IX. A simple and rapid assay of polynucleotide joining (ligase) activity by measurement of circle formation from linear deoxyadenylate-deoxythymidylate copolymer.” J Biol Chem 245, no. 14 (July 25, 1970): 3626–31.
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