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Predicting glucose sensor behavior in blood using transport modeling: relative impacts of protein biofouling and cellular metabolic effects.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Novak, MT; Yuan, F; Reichert, WM
Published in: Journal of diabetes science and technology
November 2013

Tissue response to indwelling glucose sensors remains a confounding barrier to clinical application. While the effects of fully formed capsular tissue on sensor response have been studied, little has been done to understand how tissue interactions occurring before capsule formation hinder sensor performance. Upon insertion in subcutaneous tissue, the sensor is initially exposed to blood, blood borne constituents, and interstitial fluid. Using human whole blood as a simple ex vivo experimental system, the effects of protein accumulation at the sensor surface (biofouling effects) and cellular consumption of glucose in both the biofouling layer and in the bulk (metabolic effects) on sensor response were assessed.Medtronic MiniMed SofSensor glucose sensors were incubated in whole blood, plasma-diluted whole blood, and cell-free platelet-poor plasma (PPP) to analyze the impact of different blood constituents on sensor function. Experimental conditions were then simulated using MATLAB to predict the relative impacts of biofouling and metabolic effects on the observed sensor responses.Protein biofouling in PPP in both the experiments and the simulations was found to have no interfering effect upon sensor response. Experimental results obtained with whole and dilute blood showed that the sensor response was markedly affected by blood borne glucose-consuming cells accumulated in the biofouling layer and in the surrounding bulk.The physical barrier to glucose transport presented by protein biofouling does not hinder glucose movement to the sensor surface, and the consumption of glucose by inflammatory cells, and not erythrocytes, proximal to the sensor surface has a substantial effect on sensor response and may be the main culprit for anomalous sensor behavior immediately following implantation.

Duke Scholars

Published In

Journal of diabetes science and technology

DOI

EISSN

1932-2968

ISSN

1932-2968

Publication Date

November 2013

Volume

7

Issue

6

Start / End Page

1547 / 1560

Related Subject Headings

  • Subcutaneous Tissue
  • Prostheses and Implants
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Models, Biological
  • Leukocytes
  • Inflammation
  • Humans
  • Glucose
  • Computer Simulation
  • Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring
 

Citation

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Novak, M. T., Yuan, F., & Reichert, W. M. (2013). Predicting glucose sensor behavior in blood using transport modeling: relative impacts of protein biofouling and cellular metabolic effects. Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology, 7(6), 1547–1560. https://doi.org/10.1177/193229681300700615
Novak, Matthew T., Fan Yuan, and William M. Reichert. “Predicting glucose sensor behavior in blood using transport modeling: relative impacts of protein biofouling and cellular metabolic effects.Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology 7, no. 6 (November 2013): 1547–60. https://doi.org/10.1177/193229681300700615.
Novak MT, Yuan F, Reichert WM. Predicting glucose sensor behavior in blood using transport modeling: relative impacts of protein biofouling and cellular metabolic effects. Journal of diabetes science and technology. 2013 Nov;7(6):1547–60.
Novak, Matthew T., et al. “Predicting glucose sensor behavior in blood using transport modeling: relative impacts of protein biofouling and cellular metabolic effects.Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology, vol. 7, no. 6, Nov. 2013, pp. 1547–60. Epmc, doi:10.1177/193229681300700615.
Novak MT, Yuan F, Reichert WM. Predicting glucose sensor behavior in blood using transport modeling: relative impacts of protein biofouling and cellular metabolic effects. Journal of diabetes science and technology. 2013 Nov;7(6):1547–1560.
Journal cover image

Published In

Journal of diabetes science and technology

DOI

EISSN

1932-2968

ISSN

1932-2968

Publication Date

November 2013

Volume

7

Issue

6

Start / End Page

1547 / 1560

Related Subject Headings

  • Subcutaneous Tissue
  • Prostheses and Implants
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Models, Biological
  • Leukocytes
  • Inflammation
  • Humans
  • Glucose
  • Computer Simulation
  • Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring