Skip to main content

Prescribing "placebo treatments": results of national survey of US internists and rheumatologists.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Tilburt, JC; Emanuel, EJ; Kaptchuk, TJ; Curlin, FA; Miller, FG
Published in: BMJ
October 23, 2008

OBJECTIVE: To describe the attitudes and behaviours regarding placebo treatments, defined as a treatment whose benefits derive from positive patient expectations and not from the physiological mechanism of the treatment itself. DESIGN: Cross sectional mailed survey. SETTING: Physicians' clinical practices. PARTICIPANTS: 1200 practising internists and rheumatologists in the United States. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Investigators measured physicians' self reported behaviours and attitudes concerning the use of placebo treatments, including measures of whether they would use or had recommended a "placebo treatment," their ethical judgments about the practice, what they recommended as placebo treatments, and how they typically communicate with patients about the practice. RESULTS: 679 physicians (57%) responded to the survey. About half of the surveyed internists and rheumatologists reported prescribing placebo treatments on a regular basis (46-58%, depending on how the question was phrased). Most physicians (399, 62%) believed the practice to be ethically permissible. Few reported using saline (18, 3%) or sugar pills (12, 2%) as placebo treatments, while large proportions reported using over the counter analgesics (267, 41%) and vitamins (243, 38%) as placebo treatments within the past year. A small but notable proportion of physicians reported using antibiotics (86, 13%) and sedatives (86, 13%) as placebo treatments during the same period. Furthermore, physicians who use placebo treatments most commonly describe them to patients as a potentially beneficial medicine or treatment not typically used for their condition (241, 68%); only rarely do they explicitly describe them as placebos (18, 5%). CONCLUSIONS: Prescribing placebo treatments seems to be common and is viewed as ethically permissible among the surveyed US internists and rheumatologists. Vitamins and over the counter analgesics are the most commonly used treatments. Physicians might not be fully transparent with their patients about the use of placebos and might have mixed motivations for recommending such treatments.

Duke Scholars

Altmetric Attention Stats
Dimensions Citation Stats

Published In

BMJ

DOI

EISSN

1756-1833

Publication Date

October 23, 2008

Volume

337

Start / End Page

a1938

Location

England

Related Subject Headings

  • United States
  • Rheumatology
  • Practice Patterns, Physicians'
  • Placebos
  • Nonprescription Drugs
  • Middle Aged
  • Male
  • Internal Medicine
  • Humans
  • Health Care Surveys
 

Citation

APA
Chicago
ICMJE
MLA
NLM
Tilburt, J. C., Emanuel, E. J., Kaptchuk, T. J., Curlin, F. A., & Miller, F. G. (2008). Prescribing "placebo treatments": results of national survey of US internists and rheumatologists. BMJ, 337, a1938. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.a1938
Tilburt, Jon C., Ezekiel J. Emanuel, Ted J. Kaptchuk, Farr A. Curlin, and Franklin G. Miller. “Prescribing "placebo treatments": results of national survey of US internists and rheumatologists.BMJ 337 (October 23, 2008): a1938. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.a1938.
Tilburt JC, Emanuel EJ, Kaptchuk TJ, Curlin FA, Miller FG. Prescribing "placebo treatments": results of national survey of US internists and rheumatologists. BMJ. 2008 Oct 23;337:a1938.
Tilburt, Jon C., et al. “Prescribing "placebo treatments": results of national survey of US internists and rheumatologists.BMJ, vol. 337, Oct. 2008, p. a1938. Pubmed, doi:10.1136/bmj.a1938.
Tilburt JC, Emanuel EJ, Kaptchuk TJ, Curlin FA, Miller FG. Prescribing "placebo treatments": results of national survey of US internists and rheumatologists. BMJ. 2008 Oct 23;337:a1938.

Published In

BMJ

DOI

EISSN

1756-1833

Publication Date

October 23, 2008

Volume

337

Start / End Page

a1938

Location

England

Related Subject Headings

  • United States
  • Rheumatology
  • Practice Patterns, Physicians'
  • Placebos
  • Nonprescription Drugs
  • Middle Aged
  • Male
  • Internal Medicine
  • Humans
  • Health Care Surveys