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Lesions from patients with sporadic cerebral cavernous malformations harbor somatic mutations in the CCM genes: evidence for a common biochemical pathway for CCM pathogenesis.

Publication ,  Journal Article
McDonald, DA; Shi, C; Shenkar, R; Gallione, CJ; Akers, AL; Li, S; De Castro, N; Berg, MJ; Corcoran, DL; Awad, IA; Marchuk, DA
Published in: Hum Mol Genet
August 15, 2014

Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are vascular lesions affecting the central nervous system. CCM occurs either sporadically or in an inherited, autosomal dominant manner. Constitutional (germline) mutations in any of three genes, KRIT1, CCM2 and PDCD10, can cause the inherited form. Analysis of CCM lesions from inherited cases revealed biallelic somatic mutations, indicating that CCM follows a Knudsonian two-hit mutation mechanism. It is still unknown, however, if the sporadic cases of CCM also follow this genetic mechanism. We extracted DNA from 11 surgically excised lesions from sporadic CCM patients, and sequenced the three CCM genes in each specimen using a next-generation sequencing approach. Four sporadic CCM lesion samples (36%) were found to contain novel somatic mutations. Three of the lesions contained a single somatic mutation, and one lesion contained two biallelic somatic mutations. Herein, we also describe evidence of somatic mosaicism in a patient presenting with over 130 CCM lesions localized to one hemisphere of the brain. Finally, in a lesion regrowth sample, we found that the regrown CCM lesion contained the same somatic mutation as the original lesion. Together, these data bolster the idea that all forms of CCM have a genetic underpinning of the two-hit mutation mechanism in the known CCM genes. Recent studies have found aberrant Rho kinase activation in inherited CCM pathogenesis, and we present evidence that this pathway is activated in sporadic CCM patients. These results suggest that all CCM patients, including those with the more common sporadic form, are potentially amenable to the same therapy.

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Published In

Hum Mol Genet

DOI

EISSN

1460-2083

Publication Date

August 15, 2014

Volume

23

Issue

16

Start / End Page

4357 / 4370

Location

England

Related Subject Headings

  • rho-Associated Kinases
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins
  • Mutation
  • Microtubule-Associated Proteins
  • Membrane Proteins
  • KRIT1 Protein
  • Humans
  • Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System
  • Genetics & Heredity
  • Endothelial Cells
 

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McDonald, D. A., Shi, C., Shenkar, R., Gallione, C. J., Akers, A. L., Li, S., … Marchuk, D. A. (2014). Lesions from patients with sporadic cerebral cavernous malformations harbor somatic mutations in the CCM genes: evidence for a common biochemical pathway for CCM pathogenesis. Hum Mol Genet, 23(16), 4357–4370. https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddu153
McDonald, David A., Changbin Shi, Robert Shenkar, Carol J. Gallione, Amy L. Akers, Stephanie Li, Nicholas De Castro, et al. “Lesions from patients with sporadic cerebral cavernous malformations harbor somatic mutations in the CCM genes: evidence for a common biochemical pathway for CCM pathogenesis.Hum Mol Genet 23, no. 16 (August 15, 2014): 4357–70. https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddu153.
McDonald, David A., et al. “Lesions from patients with sporadic cerebral cavernous malformations harbor somatic mutations in the CCM genes: evidence for a common biochemical pathway for CCM pathogenesis.Hum Mol Genet, vol. 23, no. 16, Aug. 2014, pp. 4357–70. Pubmed, doi:10.1093/hmg/ddu153.
McDonald DA, Shi C, Shenkar R, Gallione CJ, Akers AL, Li S, De Castro N, Berg MJ, Corcoran DL, Awad IA, Marchuk DA. Lesions from patients with sporadic cerebral cavernous malformations harbor somatic mutations in the CCM genes: evidence for a common biochemical pathway for CCM pathogenesis. Hum Mol Genet. 2014 Aug 15;23(16):4357–4370.
Journal cover image

Published In

Hum Mol Genet

DOI

EISSN

1460-2083

Publication Date

August 15, 2014

Volume

23

Issue

16

Start / End Page

4357 / 4370

Location

England

Related Subject Headings

  • rho-Associated Kinases
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins
  • Mutation
  • Microtubule-Associated Proteins
  • Membrane Proteins
  • KRIT1 Protein
  • Humans
  • Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System
  • Genetics & Heredity
  • Endothelial Cells