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Nicotine and non-nicotine smoking factors differentially modulate craving, withdrawal and cerebral blood flow as measured with arterial spin labeling.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Addicott, MA; Froeliger, B; Kozink, RV; Van Wert, DM; Westman, EC; Rose, JE; McClernon, FJ
Published in: Neuropsychopharmacology
November 2014

Smoking cessation results in withdrawal symptoms such as craving and negative mood that may contribute to lapse and relapse. Little is known regarding whether these symptoms are associated with the nicotine or non-nicotine components of cigarette smoke. Using arterial spin labeling, we measured resting-state cerebral blood flow (CBF) in 29 adult smokers across four conditions: (1) nicotine patch+denicotinized cigarette smoking, (2) nicotine patch+abstinence from smoking, (3) placebo patch+denicotinized cigarette smoking, and (4) placebo patch+abstinence from smoking. We found that changes in self-reported craving positively correlated with changes in CBF from the denicotinized cigarette smoking conditions to the abstinent conditions. These correlations were found in several regions throughout the brain. Self-reported craving also increased from the nicotine to the placebo conditions, but had a minimal relationship with changes in CBF. The results of this study suggest that the non-nicotine components of cigarette smoke significantly impact withdrawal symptoms and associated brain areas, independently of the effects of nicotine. As such, the effects of non-nicotine factors are important to consider in the design and development of smoking cessation interventions and tobacco regulation.

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Published In

Neuropsychopharmacology

DOI

EISSN

1740-634X

Publication Date

November 2014

Volume

39

Issue

12

Start / End Page

2750 / 2759

Location

England

Related Subject Headings

  • Young Adult
  • Tobacco Use Cessation Devices
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Smoking Cessation
  • Smoking
  • Self Report
  • Psychiatry
  • Nicotinic Agonists
  • Nicotine
  • Neuroimaging
 

Citation

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Addicott, M. A., Froeliger, B., Kozink, R. V., Van Wert, D. M., Westman, E. C., Rose, J. E., & McClernon, F. J. (2014). Nicotine and non-nicotine smoking factors differentially modulate craving, withdrawal and cerebral blood flow as measured with arterial spin labeling. Neuropsychopharmacology, 39(12), 2750–2759. https://doi.org/10.1038/npp.2014.108
Addicott, Merideth A., Brett Froeliger, Rachel V. Kozink, Dana M. Van Wert, Eric C. Westman, Jed E. Rose, and Francis J. McClernon. “Nicotine and non-nicotine smoking factors differentially modulate craving, withdrawal and cerebral blood flow as measured with arterial spin labeling.Neuropsychopharmacology 39, no. 12 (November 2014): 2750–59. https://doi.org/10.1038/npp.2014.108.
Addicott MA, Froeliger B, Kozink RV, Van Wert DM, Westman EC, Rose JE, et al. Nicotine and non-nicotine smoking factors differentially modulate craving, withdrawal and cerebral blood flow as measured with arterial spin labeling. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2014 Nov;39(12):2750–9.
Addicott, Merideth A., et al. “Nicotine and non-nicotine smoking factors differentially modulate craving, withdrawal and cerebral blood flow as measured with arterial spin labeling.Neuropsychopharmacology, vol. 39, no. 12, Nov. 2014, pp. 2750–59. Pubmed, doi:10.1038/npp.2014.108.
Addicott MA, Froeliger B, Kozink RV, Van Wert DM, Westman EC, Rose JE, McClernon FJ. Nicotine and non-nicotine smoking factors differentially modulate craving, withdrawal and cerebral blood flow as measured with arterial spin labeling. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2014 Nov;39(12):2750–2759.

Published In

Neuropsychopharmacology

DOI

EISSN

1740-634X

Publication Date

November 2014

Volume

39

Issue

12

Start / End Page

2750 / 2759

Location

England

Related Subject Headings

  • Young Adult
  • Tobacco Use Cessation Devices
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Smoking Cessation
  • Smoking
  • Self Report
  • Psychiatry
  • Nicotinic Agonists
  • Nicotine
  • Neuroimaging