Classical Renin-Angiotensin system in kidney physiology.
Journal Article (Journal Article;Review)
The renin-angiotensin system has powerful effects in control of the blood pressure and sodium homeostasis. These actions are coordinated through integrated actions in the kidney, cardiovascular system and the central nervous system. Along with its impact on blood pressure, the renin-angiotensin system also influences a range of processes from inflammation and immune responses to longevity. Here, we review the actions of the "classical" renin-angiotensin system, whereby the substrate protein angiotensinogen is processed in a two-step reaction by renin and angiotensin converting enzyme, resulting in the sequential generation of angiotensin I and angiotensin II, the major biologically active renin-angiotensin system peptide, which exerts its actions via type 1 and type 2 angiotensin receptors. In recent years, several new enzymes, peptides, and receptors related to the renin-angiotensin system have been identified, manifesting a complexity that was previously unappreciated. While the functions of these alternative pathways will be reviewed elsewhere in this journal, our focus here is on the physiological role of components of the "classical" renin-angiotensin system, with an emphasis on new developments and modern concepts.
Full Text
Duke Authors
Cited Authors
- Sparks, MA; Crowley, SD; Gurley, SB; Mirotsou, M; Coffman, TM
Published Date
- July 2014
Published In
Volume / Issue
- 4 / 3
Start / End Page
- 1201 - 1228
PubMed ID
- 24944035
Pubmed Central ID
- PMC4137912
Electronic International Standard Serial Number (EISSN)
- 2040-4603
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
- 10.1002/cphy.c130040
Language
- eng
Conference Location
- United States