Solar forcing of regional climate change during the Maunder Minimum.
Publication
, Journal Article
Shindell, DT; Schmidt, GA; Mann, ME; Rind, D; Waple, A
Published in: Science (New York, N.Y.)
December 2001
We examine the climate response to solar irradiance changes between the late 17th-century Maunder Minimum and the late 18th century. Global average temperature changes are small (about 0.3 degrees to 0.4 degrees C) in both a climate model and empirical reconstructions. However, regional temperature changes are quite large. In the model, these occur primarily through a forced shift toward the low index state of the Arctic Oscillation/North Atlantic Oscillation as solar irradiance decreases. This leads to colder temperatures over the Northern Hemisphere continents, especially in winter (1 degrees to 2 degrees C), in agreement with historical records and proxy data for surface temperatures.
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Published In
Science (New York, N.Y.)
DOI
EISSN
1095-9203
ISSN
0036-8075
Publication Date
December 2001
Volume
294
Issue
5549
Start / End Page
2149 / 2152
Related Subject Headings
- General Science & Technology
Citation
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Chicago
ICMJE
MLA
NLM
Shindell, D. T., Schmidt, G. A., Mann, M. E., Rind, D., & Waple, A. (2001). Solar forcing of regional climate change during the Maunder Minimum. Science (New York, N.Y.), 294(5549), 2149–2152. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1064363
Shindell, D. T., G. A. Schmidt, M. E. Mann, D. Rind, and A. Waple. “Solar forcing of regional climate change during the Maunder Minimum.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 294, no. 5549 (December 2001): 2149–52. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1064363.
Shindell DT, Schmidt GA, Mann ME, Rind D, Waple A. Solar forcing of regional climate change during the Maunder Minimum. Science (New York, NY). 2001 Dec;294(5549):2149–52.
Shindell, D. T., et al. “Solar forcing of regional climate change during the Maunder Minimum.” Science (New York, N.Y.), vol. 294, no. 5549, Dec. 2001, pp. 2149–52. Epmc, doi:10.1126/science.1064363.
Shindell DT, Schmidt GA, Mann ME, Rind D, Waple A. Solar forcing of regional climate change during the Maunder Minimum. Science (New York, NY). 2001 Dec;294(5549):2149–2152.
Published In
Science (New York, N.Y.)
DOI
EISSN
1095-9203
ISSN
0036-8075
Publication Date
December 2001
Volume
294
Issue
5549
Start / End Page
2149 / 2152
Related Subject Headings
- General Science & Technology