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Retinal vascular caliber and the development of hypertension: a meta-analysis of individual participant data.

Publication ,  Journal Article
Ding, J; Wai, KL; McGeechan, K; Ikram, MK; Kawasaki, R; Xie, J; Klein, R; Klein, BBK; Cotch, MF; Wang, JJ; Mitchell, P; Shaw, JE; Takamasa, K ...
Published in: J Hypertens
February 2014

OBJECTIVE: Microvascular dysfunction has been suggested to be a major pathogenic factor for the development of hypertension. We examined the association between retinal vascular caliber, a marker of systemic microvascular dysfunction, and incident hypertension on a meta-analysis of individual participant data. METHODS: We performed a systematic review with relevant studies identified through a search of electronic databases, a review of reference lists, and correspondence with experts. Studies were included if participants were selected from a general population, retinal vascular caliber was measured from photographs using computer-assisted methods at baseline, and individuals were followed up to ascertain the incidence of hypertension. Prespecified individual recorded data from six population-based prospective cohort studies were included. Discrete time proportional odds models were constructed for each study with adjustment for hypertension risk factors. Log odds ratios (ORs) per 20-μm difference were pooled using random-effects meta-analysis. RESULTS: Among 10 229 participants without prevalent hypertension, diabetes, or cardiovascular disease, 2599 developed new-onset hypertension during median follow-up periods ranging from 2.9 to 10 years. Both narrower retinal arterioles [pooled multivariate-adjusted OR per 20-μm difference 1.29, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.20-1.39] and wider venules (OR per 20-μm difference 1.14, 95% CI 1.06-1.23) were associated with an increased risk of hypertension. Each 20 μm narrower arterioles at baseline were associated with a 1.12 mmHg (95% CI 0.25-1.99) greater increase in SBP over 5 years. CONCLUSIONS: Retinal arteriolar narrowing and venular widening were independently associated with an increased risk of hypertension. These findings underscore the importance of microvascular remodeling in the pathogenesis of hypertension.

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Published In

J Hypertens

DOI

EISSN

1473-5598

Publication Date

February 2014

Volume

32

Issue

2

Start / End Page

207 / 215

Location

Netherlands

Related Subject Headings

  • Risk Factors
  • Retinal Vessels
  • Prospective Studies
  • Microvessels
  • Hypertension
  • Humans
  • Cohort Studies
  • Cardiovascular System & Hematology
  • 3202 Clinical sciences
  • 3201 Cardiovascular medicine and haematology
 

Citation

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Ding, J., Wai, K. L., McGeechan, K., Ikram, M. K., Kawasaki, R., Xie, J., … Meta-Eye Study Group, . (2014). Retinal vascular caliber and the development of hypertension: a meta-analysis of individual participant data. J Hypertens, 32(2), 207–215. https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0b013e32836586f4
Ding, Jie, Khin Lay Wai, Kevin McGeechan, M Kamran Ikram, Ryo Kawasaki, Jing Xie, Ronald Klein, et al. “Retinal vascular caliber and the development of hypertension: a meta-analysis of individual participant data.J Hypertens 32, no. 2 (February 2014): 207–15. https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0b013e32836586f4.
Ding J, Wai KL, McGeechan K, Ikram MK, Kawasaki R, Xie J, et al. Retinal vascular caliber and the development of hypertension: a meta-analysis of individual participant data. J Hypertens. 2014 Feb;32(2):207–15.
Ding, Jie, et al. “Retinal vascular caliber and the development of hypertension: a meta-analysis of individual participant data.J Hypertens, vol. 32, no. 2, Feb. 2014, pp. 207–15. Pubmed, doi:10.1097/HJH.0b013e32836586f4.
Ding J, Wai KL, McGeechan K, Ikram MK, Kawasaki R, Xie J, Klein R, Klein BBK, Cotch MF, Wang JJ, Mitchell P, Shaw JE, Takamasa K, Sharrett AR, Wong TY, Meta-Eye Study Group. Retinal vascular caliber and the development of hypertension: a meta-analysis of individual participant data. J Hypertens. 2014 Feb;32(2):207–215.

Published In

J Hypertens

DOI

EISSN

1473-5598

Publication Date

February 2014

Volume

32

Issue

2

Start / End Page

207 / 215

Location

Netherlands

Related Subject Headings

  • Risk Factors
  • Retinal Vessels
  • Prospective Studies
  • Microvessels
  • Hypertension
  • Humans
  • Cohort Studies
  • Cardiovascular System & Hematology
  • 3202 Clinical sciences
  • 3201 Cardiovascular medicine and haematology